32

CHAPTER 3. THEORETICAL FOCUS: RELATED LITERATURE

the central difference equations, [62],

n o

n1/2

1
t

{D}n {D}n1

(3.13)

n o

and D

n+1/2

n o

=
D
n

1
t2

1
t

1
t

{D}n+1 {D}n

n o

n+1/2

n o


=

n1/2

(3.14)

{D}n+1 2 {D}n + {D}n1

2. Equation of motion is rewritten, eq. 3.10, with velocity lagging by half a time step. Thus
for the half-step method we use the equations, [62],
n o

{D}n+1 = {D}n + t D

(3.15)

n+1/2

n o

n+1/2

n o

= D

n1/2

n o
n o

[M] D
+ [C] D
n

n1/2

n o

+ t D

(3.16)



+ Rint n = Rext n

(3.17)

3. Combining these three equations, [62],

1
t2

+ t1 2





[M] [D]n+1 = Rext n Rint n +


n o

[M] {D}n + t D

n1/2

(3.18)
n o

[C] D



where, if linear conditions prevail, Rint n = [K] [D]n

Figure 3.2: Explicit time integration, [8].

n1/2