Snehapoorvam Mammikku PDF

kvt\l]qhw an-.v ..
Hcp ss{IkvXh bph-Xn-bpsS kwib-
sP{^n tPm
kvt\l]qhw an-.v ..
Hcp ss{IkvXh bph-Xn-bpsS kwib-
DAWA BOOKS
P.B No: 1981, Vyttila, Cochin - 19
DAWA BOOKS
Malayalam l Study l Oru Kraisthava Yuvathiyude Samshayangal
Hcp ss{IkvXh bph-Xn-bpsS kwi-b-

Author : Geofrin John
First Edition : January 2011
Price: Rs. 50.00
Publisher l Distribution
Dawa Books l Vyttila l Kochi - 19 l Kerala l India
Web: www.dawabooks.org l Email: dawabook@gmail.com
Cover: Primrose l Type Setting : Shabin l Printing : Anaswara Offset, Kochi
ISBN: 978-93-80442-15-0
All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or utilised in any form or
by any means without the prior written permission of the publishers.
aXs kw_nv hn`nfmb ImgvNmSpI \ne\np-p-v-. ]ccmKXambn Inp hnizmkmNmcsf apdp-sInSnv {]-tXy-I-amsbmcp kapZmbnbn
ASnsbmXp-n PohnpIbm-Wv aXns Xm]cysav IcpXphcp-v. aXs KuchXcamb Hcp PohnX-Zi\tam PohnXco-Xntbm Bbn a\nemph-smpw Cu hoWs ]npWm Ignbn. a\pjys
PohnX-hn-P-b-ns ASn-m\w Xs, bYmYn,
Ah (Ah) Xnc-s-Spp aXhnizmkamWv. acWm\-cap kzK{]th-i\
- h
- pw \cI-apnbpamWtm, aX hmKvZm\w sNpXv. ssZh-amWv a-\p-jy-sc-- kzKn- {]thinnpXv.-- ssZhnI kzK-n-tep amKw ssZhnI aXw am{XambncnpIbmWv bpn-bpsS Xm]cyw. P\n IpSpw_-ns aX\ne]mSp-Isf Aambn
]npScpXn\v ]-I-cw bYmYnep ssZhnIa-Xw GsXv At\zjnv Isn AXv kzoIcn-m\p _m[yX, AXpsImpXs, Nnnp Hmtcm a\pjy\p-apv.
Acsamct\zjWamWv Cu ]pkvXI-n \nhlnsSpXv.
{InkvXpaXw Znhyt{]mIvXamsWv hnNmcnphcmWv
{InkvXym-\n-I. tbip {]t_m[\w sNbvXXv {InkvXpaXam-sWpw Ah hniz-knpp. aebmfn {InkvXy IpSpw_-n \np Hcp s]-Ip-n, Cu hnizmkfpsS
kXyX-- ]cntim[npIbmWnhnsS.-- {InkvXp-a-Xns,-- {]tXyIn-pw Itmenm k`bpsS, hnizmk]camb DStmSv Bib]cambn IelnpsImv {KI{Xn
kz-w A-s-gpXnb kpZoLamb Ins ]pkvXImhn-jvImcamWnXv. kvt\lhpw amXr_lpam\hpw Xpfpn
\np efnX`m-jbn {InkvXpaXnt\mSv Xm hntbmPnm\p ImcW- hniZo-Icn-pp. \nccamb kXymt\zjW {In-kvXpaXn\v ]pdp- bYmY tbipamKntev {K-Imcnsb \bnpp. lrZbkv-]-inbmb A\p`hhnhcWw. aX-XmcXay]T\n\pw
kXymt\zjnIpw Cu ]pkvXIw apXIqmIpsamWv ZAvhm _pIvkns {]Xo. {]]-\mY A\p{Klns.
amt\-P
XmfpIfn
1. H-cpss{I-kv-X-h- bp-h-Xn-bp-sS- kw-i-b-- .......................... 11

2. k`bpw thZ]pkvXIhpw: GXv GXn \npmbn? .... 15
3. kphntijfpsS hntijw ....................................................... 21
4. ssZhw ss__nfnepw {InkvXpaXnepw............................ 29
5. Ch GIssZh-hnizmknIfmtWm? ........................................ 39
6. ao, CXv tbiphnstbm ssZhnstbm aXa! ..... 55
7. HSphn, Rm kXyw Isn... .......................................... 59
8. {]hmNImscn ........................................................................... 66
9. tbiphns ]nKman ...................................................................... 77
10. kIe {]hmNImcpsSbpw aXw .............................................. 81
11. IWniamb GIssZhmcm[\ .................................................... 87
12. F\nv thXv \nXyPoh... ................................................. 93
1
Hcp ss{IkvX
- h bphXn-bp-sSkwibIpp-\m-fn--- an-- F\n--v tbip-hnsbpw-- adn-b-n-sbpw hnip--m-cp-sS-bp-sams--- Hn-cn-sbm-ncn-- IY-I-- ]-dp-X-n-cpp.--- Fs--- ]m]-v-- -thn-bmWv-- -tbip-- Ipcn-in-In-S-v --- thZ-\--- I-Sn-n-dn-- acn-p-t]m-bXv-- - Fsms--- tIv-- - AvRm- Hcp-]mSv- - k-S-s-n-p-v,-- Iohmn-pv.-- ]t
Atm-tgpw--- Fs-- Ipp-a-\-n- kwi-b-ns-- hnv]XnpIgn-n-cp-p.-- tbip-- F-s\-bmWv- - Fs-- ]m]- Npap-I? A-- v- Rm Pohn-np-- t]mep-an-tm!-- Rm-- hf-cp--Xn\-\p-k-cn-v B--- k-wi-bns-- ap-Ip-f-fpw-- hfpsImn-cpp.--- AX--v h-f
-
- p-- hepXm-bn-- ]-env- Bi-g-p-g
-
- f
- psS-- \ng-a\-n ho--gvn.-- B-- \ng-ep-I-- kZm-- Fn-- Hcp-- Xcw-- AkzX-- kr-jv-Sn--psImt-bn-cp-p.
bp. ]n. kvIqfnembtm Rm [ym\ns\ms t]mbnpSn.--- Atmgpw-- kwi-b---- _mn-bp-m-bn-cpp--- . F-nepw tIsXmw- hnizknp. AXmWv kXyw Fv a\-ns\
t_m-[y-s-Sp-m- ITn-\-ambn- {ian-p.-- As\Xs Pohnp.
Hpw Fp-sImmsWp- tNmZnn.- ssZhhN\w- kwi-
12
kvt\l]qhw an-v........
bnm ]m-Sntm!--- an-dnbmatm,-- Bdmw-- mv- - apX-- M.

C. A. h
-- -sc- Fpw- ]pes- ]nbn- t]m-bn-pv- Rm.-ssZh-s-p-dnv Adnbm\pw IqSpX ]Tnm\p-ap B{Klw
sImv am{XamW-v- Iznns\ms-- ]sSpXv.-- asv- - Imcyn-- ap-n-se-p-Xn-t\mfpw F\nnw ssZhnI-Imcy-fn H-mw-m-\v- - Fp--Xm-bn-cp-p.
ssZhhnizmknse s]mcpt-SpI At a\ns\
aYn-ncpp.--- ]nXmhpw--- ]p{X\pw-- ]cnipmmhpw-- Htc-- k-bnse- hnhn[- BfXzft!--- As\sbn-- ]nXmshp-- ]dp {]mYn-m Xs AXv ]p{Xs\ hnfn-pXn\pw
]cnipm-mhns\ hnfn-pXn\pw XpeyamWtm! AXpImcWw tbip- h nt\mSv am- { Xta Rm {]m- Y nncppq.
Hcp]t PohnX-n Ghpw IqSpX Bhnp ]dnp hm-NIhpw Cu {]mY\bpsm-pXmbncnpw, Jesus
I love you Fv.- sImn X Hcp {]m-Y\m]pkvX-Iw IqsSsIm-p-- \S-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p,--- A-sms.--- tlmenembn-cptm-gpw--- Rm---- Fpw--- AXnse--- {]mY\I--- sNmp-ambncpp.-apS-m-sX Bh-n-ncp {]mY\mhN-\- Chbm-bncp-p.
Jesus, how often I think that I am too busy to pray! My days
are overloaded! And yet, Jesus, I love you!
Jesus, You surely dont expect me to be so preoccupied. How
could I not have the time to think of you?
You are always at my side.
Jesus, You alone are my strength, my courage, my support.
I want to make a habit, Jesus, of speaking toYou as a Friend,
to confide my joys and sorrows.
And so, from the bottom of my heart, I want to say simply:
Jesus, I love you!
When I am tired, help me still to say: Jesus, I love you!
When I find it hard to forgive, I need only to repeat: Jesus, I
love you!
13
When darkness comes on me, and I dont know where You

are, I will call on You, and say: Jesus, I love you!
My daily task will become easier, and my work will become a
prayer which says: Jesus, I love you!
What trouble can shake me, what suffering overcome me, if I
can always repeat: Jesus, I love you!
For the joys You give me, for the graces You shower on me,
my Thank You will always be: Jesus, I love you!
And simply to please You, for no other reason, let me often
say: Jesus, I love you!
And when the evening of my life comes, and You invite me
home, let me say for one last time here below, before I depart:
Jesus, I love you!
]n-bn sImnshnp- cq]tfmsSmpw- ]t,-- Apw-- F\nv- - Xm]cyw-- Dmbncpn.- cq]tfmSp Xm]cy-anmbva- ImcWw- ZpxJ-shnbmgvNbnse- IpcnipNpw-_\w
t]mepw Fn a\w-]ncepmn. ]t an ]dbpXv
sIm- p- am{Xw AsXmw- Hcp- hgn- S mbn \nhlnp
t]mp. amXmhn-t\mSv {]mYnpIbmsWn Xs "tbiphnt\mSv DnImcyw km[np Xcm {]mYntW' Fmhiysm-bncpp.-- ImcWw-- Rm-- {]mYnp-Xpw-- Bcm[n-pXpw ssZ-hsb-msX BtcbpamIm ]mSn Fs-\nv
\n_ap-mbncpp.
a\-n Ftm-sSm-n-s\mw hfpsImn-cp kwib--fpsS `m-s-p-I Rm anp apn Xpd--s...
Ch-bvsmw Xr]vXn-I-c-am-sbmcp adp-]Sn an-s- temIp- k`m-[y--m apgp-h Hnp IqSn-bn-cpv Btem-Nnmepw Xcm Ign-bn Fv -F\n--dnbmw. Fnepw an-bpsS apn-se-nepw CsXmv CdnshmsX Hcp \nanjw t]mepw F\nv Pohn-m h.
2
k`bpw thZ]pkvXIhpw:
GXv GXn \nv ?
AhnNmcnXambmWv Um {_uWn-s Nne ]pkvXI
hmbnm\nSbm-bXv.-- t\mh- am{Xambncpsnepw-- AXnse
hcn-I Fs- ApXsSpn.-- tXmakns-- kphn-ti-jw-- Fsmp-tm?- Dsn- Fp-sImv- \psS- ss__nfn
AXp Im-Wpn? BZyambn C{Xbpw Zqcw hp kphn-ti-j{]-tLmj-Ww \Sn-b Atlns kphntijw FpsImv Ds]Sp-nbn? ]noSv hm-bnp, _W_mkv, ^nen]v A-s\ ]e-cpw kphntijw FgpXnbnpsv; ap]-ecpw
teJ\- fpw. HmtemNn- t m tbiphns\ Inpt]mepanm- eq kp-hntijw FgpXnsbn tbiphns
kzw Atmkv-Xem- Fmbmepw- FgpXnmWp-atm- Fmbn--- Nn.- A-tm--- Ahsbm-s-- FhnsS--- t]mbn?-- ]TnpwtXm-dpw-- kwi-b- Iq-SnqSn hcpp, kt-l- h[np
hcp-p. HSp-hn Rm Xocp-am\saSpp, kXyw AdnbWw,
A-dn-t ]p. Rm\o sImp\S-p- hnip-{Kambn IW-m-p ss__n Bcv Ftm Fgp-Xn-bXmWv? AXv
F-s\ Dmbn?
kwibsfmw kzbwtNmZnv Dcw Ism\mbncp-
16
p {iaw. ]-t ]eXn\pw F\npcw Innbn; am{Xa,

A-t\zjnpwtXmdpw-- ASp- kwibw-- DZnpI-bm-bn.- an-dnbmtam, Xmsgbp tNmZy- sIm-v Fs a\v Akz-am-hm XpS-n-bnv Hcp-]mSv \mfm-bn. DuWnepw Dd-nepw \S-nepw-- C-cp--n-ep-sa-mw-- CsXs-- th-bm-Sp-p. ImcWw-- Rms\mcp-- XnI-- `-bm-Wv.-- ssZh-amWv- - Fs--- Fmw.
ss__n--- tbip--- FgpXnbXm-tWm?
A--- Fn,--- ssZhw- ]dpsIm-SpXmtWm?
ssZh\nthinXamWv FmWv Dcsan ssZh\nthinXsam FmWv? ssZhns t{]cWtbmsS a\p-jy
FgpXnbXv- - Ft?
ssZh\nthinXsan ss__nfn- Fs\ s]mcp-t-SpI kw`hn-p?
ss__n--- Hcm--- FgpXnbXm-tWm?
Asn--- ]ns--- Fs\--- H--- ]pkvXIambn?
]e- `mKfmbn Inn Hcpanmn-bsXn F{X ]pkvXIamWv Inn-bXv?
Fm-- ]pkvXIhpw-- \psS-- ss_-_nfn-- Dtm?
Csn--- FpsImv?
BcmWv- CXv- XncsSpXv?
F{X ss__n Dv? (Itm-env thsd. s{]mpImv th-sd. eqYd k`v thsd... As\ t]m-Ipp)
kphntij \mseta \ne-hnepq? Fn, _W_m-kv Fgp-Xnb kphntijw, ^nen]v Fgp-Xnb kphnti-jw,
tXm-a-kv FgpXnb kphn-tijw... XpSnbhsbmsa-hnsS?
"Nne Isgpp{]XnIfn CXp IqsS ImWpp', "Nne
Isgp-p{]Xn-Ifn CXv ImWpn' Fsmsbp- ASnpdnpI hmbn-p-tm Dd-t, kphntij-ns/teJ\fpsS-- thtdbpw-- {]XnI-- Dmbncpp-- Fv?
BZyw cq]w sImSp ss__n-fn F{X ]pkvXI
D-mbncpp? 88? 80? 73? AtXm 66?
Fv- am\Zw-- shmWv- - Nne-- ]pkvXI-- am{Xw-- Hgnhm-n-bXv?
17
{InkvXpaXnse- hn`mKobX- hnizmkns-- t]cnemsW-n--- Fp-sImv- - ]epw-- ]e-- ss__n?

GXmWv-- - bYmYn--- ]npS-tc---- ssZhhN\w?
]gb\nbaw-- lo{_phnepw,-- ]pXnb-\nbaw-- {KonepamWv
cNn-sXv(]gb\nbanse- {Kov-- - `mjbn--- FgpXn-b- Nne]p- k vX- I
BZysam- s
Atm{In^
Bbn
]cnKWnncps- nepw ]Xn\mw \qmn Im- t \m\nIambn-- {]Jym]npI-bmbn-cp-p).--- bYmYn---- ss_-_n--FgpX-sXv- - GXp-- `mj-bnemWv?
lo{_phn \npw XPa sNbv-Xv thtd `mjbn Bnb-ss__nfn-s-- Fm-- hnh\fpw-- icnbmbncp-tm?-- Csn- aqeXPabn \n-pw ap `mjIfnte-v amp--- Fm-hnh\fnepw--- B--- sXpI-- Bh--n-sSnt?
ss__n--- ssZhns---- hN\am-sWn--- ssZhw---- Xs--- AXns\-- s]mcp-tSpIfn-- \npw-- Xfn-- \n-pw-- kwcn-p-ambncpnt?- F-npw AXn Fp-sImv C{X-am{Xw s]mcp-tSpI?
Cs\ FnbmsemSpm A-t\Iw tNmZyfm Fs- a\v- - {]-pambn.-- ss__nfns-- Ncn{Xhpw-- AXns-- hnImk-]cnWmafpw-- ]T\-hnt[bamm-- t{]cnnXv- - C-cw-tNmZy-p-- Dcw-- tXSembncp-p.-- ]s,-- ss__nfnse-- sshcp-[y-tfm-- {]iv\--- \ndXmbncpp-- AXns-- Ncn{Xw -F Xncndnhnte-mWv- ]T\w sImsnXv.
ss_-_nfns Ncn-{Xhpambn _sv Rm- a\nemnb
hkvXp-XI--- anbp-ambn- -]pshbvmw.-- ssZh\nthinX-- hnip--- thZ-{Ksa-- ]Zhnv -F{X-am{Xw-- tbmKyamWv- - AsXv an kzbw Xocpam\npI.
ss__nfn\v ]e ]XnpI Ds-nepw Ahbn {]mYanIambnpXv FsamWv:
> Septuagint - 250 CE ({Kov)
> Vulgate-400 CE AD (emn)-(Im-tXPnse Iuknen hv Imt\m\n-Iambn {]Jym]np)
> eqYdns Pa ss__n 1534 CE
> King James Version -1611 CE
18
> Revised Standard Version-1952 CE

> New International Version-1960s & 70s CE
> Jerusalem Bible-1966 CE
> New Revised Standard Version-1990 CE
ss__n ]XnpI Fs\ Dmbn?
Cwojv `mjbn FgpXs BZys Isgpp{]Xn
AD 1380 cNn tPm sshn^nsXmWv (oxford professor).
A-p-- \nehnepm-bncp Htcsbmcp hnh\amb emn-
hpKmXbn \npamWv CXv hnh-\w sNbvXXv.
tPm-- sshn^ns-- ]cn`mjbn-epw-- A[ym]\nepw
Akz\mb-- t]mv,-- Atlw-- acWsv- 44-- hj-p tijw,--- Atlns-- FpI-- IpgnsSpv- - \Znbnsemgpm--I-ev-]np.-- (km[mcW P\fpsS `mjbn ss__n X-Pa sNpXns\ t]mv `bsncpp FYw)
tPm-- sshn^ns-- A\pbmbn-Ifn-- Hcmfmb-- tPm lqkv,- P\-v- AhcpsS- amXr`mjbn-- ss__n e`y-am-Ww Fpw,-- emnt\Xc-- `mj-bn-- ss__n ssIhiaphsc
sIm-esSpp-- tdma-- Itmenmk-`bpsS-- {]h--\
-
\n-em-Ww Fpap tPm sshn^ns Bib
{]Ncnnp.
AD 1415 tPm lqkv, sshn-^ns Isgpp{]XnItfmsSmw-- Zlnnsp.-- ""100-- hjn-- ssZhw-- Hcphs\ Ab-pw. Ahs ]ptcmKa\-{]h\ Bpw aqSnshbvm-\m-hn-.''-- CXmbncpp- lqkns-- Ay-hN\.-- GItZiw
100- hj-n\p-- tijw-- AD 1-- 517 amn eqX Pa `mjbn
ss__n--- ]cn`mj-sSpn.
AtXhjw, XfpsS asf IXr{]mY\ emn `mjbn ]Tnn-pXn\p ]Icw Cwojn ]Tnn-Xn\p 7 t]sc
tdma Itmenm k` Zlnnp.
1490 HmIvkvÛv khIem-imebnse s{]m^kdpw sldn Ggma-sbpw Fmasbpw sshZy\pamb tXma-kv en\mI- {Kov- - `mj-- ]Tnp.-- {Kov- - `mjbn-- kphntijw-- hmbn
ti-jw Xs Ubdnbn C{]Imcw FgpXn: ""HpIn CXp
({Kov aqecq]w) kphntijw A; Asn \ {In-kvXym\nI A.'' emn hnh\nse Ir{Xnaw ImcWw
19
kphntij-ns bYmY ktiw \ne\nevpn Fv

am{Xa, em-n-t\Xc `mjbn ss__n kqn-hsc k`
h[npIbpw sNpp; emn- thZfpsS aqe`mj
AmXncpnv t]mepw.
e tabdns aI\pw HmIvkv^
- Uv khIemime-bnse
s{]m^-kdpamb tPm tImsev 1496 At-lns hnZymYnImbpw, ]noSv St.Paul Io{Uense P\-mbpw,
]pXnb\nbaw {Kon \npw Cwojn-tep XPa sNbvXp.
en\mIdntbpw tImentbpw A\p`hfn\nv ssIsIm Du-Phpambn Fdmkvakv F ]n-X 1516 {Kovemn- kamc- ]pXnb\n-baw-- cq]sSpn.-- emn `mKw
If-s -hpKmXbn \nmbncpn, ]Icw Ap e`yamb Ghpw-- ]q-W-amb-- {Kov- - aqen- \nmbncpp.- AXmbncpp emn -hpKmXbn-- \nmsX-- ]cn`mjsSpnb-BZy--s ]pXnb\nba-- {Kw. emn hpKmXsb B{i-bnmsX ]ndIn-tev t]mbn {Kov aqecq]n \n-pw km[mc-W P\-mbn Ahcp-sS kwkmc`mjbn ]pXnb\nbaw
]cn`m-jsSp-t-Xns- {]m[m\yw Atlw Nqnmn.Fm Atl-ns-- Cu-- "\nba\ntj['-n-\pw-- bmsXmcp-Zm-n-Wyhpw tdm-a-k`bn \npw e`nn.
1516se Fdmkvakns ]Xnns\ B[mcamnsmv hnyw SnsU-bn- ]pXnb\nbans Cwojv ]cn`m-j Xmdmn. SnsUbnens\ Adv sNphm\pw Atlns {iasf- Cbva- sNm\pambn- ]e-- \ofpw-- Dmsbnepw ssZhw
AhcpsS-- ]Xn-Isfsbmw-- anadnXpsImv- - 1-- 5251526- SnsUbnens-- ]pXnb\nbaw-- Cwo-j- v- `mjbn-- ASns-- BZys-- thZ{Kambn.-- CXdn-- _nj]v- - Ah-sbmsbpw- Xobnse-dnp.-- F{X-tmfw- FXnstm-- A{Xtmfw iambn AXp {]Ncnp. AXn [mcmfw sXpI DXpsIm-mWv
Ah \innpsXmWv ImcWw ]dXv. SnsU-bnens- h ne- s-- ]pkv X Iw-- ssIhiaphp-- êw-- h- [ inbmbncpp.
ZWvVhntamN\w, ipoIcW ev \np tamN\w
Fo ImcW ]dv, km[mcWP\-fn \npw ]ncnhp\Snbncp-- k`-- v- CXv- - henb-- XncnSnbmbn.-- ImcWw,-- am-n eqYdns 95 ImcyfSp {]_-w, km[mcWmcp-
20
sS `mjbntep hnh\w sNs thZ]pkvXIw Fnh

k`bpsS hcpam\w Ipdpw FXp Xs. ssZhns hN\hpw ]ptcmlnX ]TnnXpw Xnep s]mcptSpI
P\-fpsS IpXp-dnp. hnizmkneqsSbmWv c; kw`mh\bneqsSb Fh a\n-emn. Imt\m\nIambn {]Jym]n--s, adnbntbpw hnipmcptS-bpw hWw tNmZyw
sN-sp. Cwo-jn e`yamb thZ]pkvXIambncpp Ap
k`bpsS GIi{Xp. Fm SnsUbn ss__nfns Ghpw henb D]t`mm cmPtkhIm Xsbmbncp-p;
Ah \innm. 1536 SnsUbn Xobn FdnbsSp-Xn\p-- 500-- Znhkw-- apv- - Atlw-- Pbn-en-- ASsp.-- ""Cw-nse- cmPmhn-s Iv XpdntWta...'' F At-lns
{]mY\bpsS kêoIcW-satmWw aqp hjv
tijw 1539 sldn Fma Xs Great Bible F t]cn
ss__n {]kno-I-cnpIbpw AXn\v th [\klm-bw
sNbvXpsImSppIbpw sNbvXp.
\memw \qmp hsc k` Atm-{In^ ]pkvXIsf
th-Z-{K-tm-sSmw- AwKo-Icnncpn.--- ]Xn\mw \qmnem-Wv a_mbcpsS ]pkvXIw D]sS Imt\m\nIambn
{]Jym-]n-Xv.
ss__n ssZhnIamtWm AX am\pjnIamb h ssIIS-epIfpw AXn \Snptm F hnjbn-tev
hncNqp GXm\pw hkvXpXIfmWv apI-fn tN-Xv.
Fs hniZoIcW Bhiyan-msX Xs A-mcynsemcp Xos]m anv km[n-p-w. acWm\c-csb
kw_np hnjbsf-tIhew- _fp-sSbpw tI-ptIhnbptSbpw ]n_e-n \ntj[nmXncnm\pw aX]camb hnizmksf emLh-_p-ntbm-sS kao]nmXncn-m\pap-- BP-h-w- ssZhw--- \apv- {]Zm\w sNs!-- Ip-p-\mfpap-Xte Dcphnp ]Tn Hcp ss__n hN\amWv CsXgp-Xptm a\n-te-tm-Sn-sb-p-Xv.
""XfpsS BtemN\Isf Im-hv ImWmsX AKm[n Hfnpsh-pIbpw XfpsS {]hrnI A-Imcn
\Sp-Ibpw- Rsf- B-- ImWpw,-- Rsf- B- Adnbpw-Fv tNmZn-p-Ibpw sNphv ZpcnXw.'' (Gim 29:15,16)
3
kphntijfpsS
hntijw
ss__nfns\- samamsbSpp-- Hcp- ]T\amWv CXphsc
\SnbXv.--- AXns Ncn{Xhpw-- hnImkhpw D]ncnhpIfpsamw- sNdpXmsbmp- kqNnnp-Ignp.- kphntijsfpdn-v
am{Xamsbmv hnebncpm\mWn\n {ianp-Xv. andn-bmatm, kphntijsfpdnv ]T\w \Snbm IqSpX kwibfntepw AXphgn hnizmk{`wintepamsW-n- t- -cpI.A{Xam-{Xw ss-hcp[yfpw hmkvXhhncp`mK-fpw sImv
"k'amWXv. Gospel F hmn\Yw kphnti-jw,-- \-- hntijw- Fsmsbt?- Atm- kphn-tijw-- tbip ]dhmpI- Bbncnnt? apXmw-- hbn ]ckyambn ssZhhN\-- {]tLm-jWw-- XpSnb-- tbiphns ]qhImePo-hnXw-ap-Xv- hbn\p tijw- am{Xw I injymv Fs\ Adnbmw?-- tbiphns- -P\\w-- apXep-- Imcy-- At Bscnepw tcJsSpn Fp IcpXm am{Xw {]m[m-\yw tbiphn\v
A-p-mbncpn- Fp-- hyamWv.-- tbiphns-- PZn\w-B--cmWv tcJ-sSpnbXv? Cs\ t\mptm kphn-tij-fpsS AkvXn-hmcw Xs ]WnXncnpXv k-]--
22
fnem-sW-v- ImWmw.- -AtmkvXemcpsS-- {]t_m[\fpwk`bn- \ne\nncp- ]mccyfpamWv- - ]pXnb-- \nba{K---v-cq]w-- sImSpXv.-- C-Xns\pdnv- - A]Imcy hniZoIcn-tXpv.
z amtmkv (AD 6570): ]ekvXo\-bmcm hnPmXob
{InkvXym\nI-v thn AD 75\pw 90\pw CSbvp cNnsp
F-p IcpXpp.
zambn (AD 7080): amtmkn-s kphntijs
Ahew-_nv sIm-v cNnp. AXn\p ]pdta Q F DdhnShpw Im-Wmw.-- Kncn{]`mjWhpw-- kaX-e{]`mjWhpw-- Qhn
\nsSp- n- p- XmWv . blqZ ss{Ikv X hv th- n
cNnsp.
zeqm (AD 7080): amtmkn-s kphntijs Ahew_nv sImv cNnp. AXn\p ]pdsa Q F DdhnS-hpw ImWmw.
Kncn-{]`mjWhpw kaXe-{]`mjWhpw Qhn \nsSpnp-XmWv. hnPmXob {InkvXym\nIv thn cNnp.
ztbmlm (AD 95): tbip I-m-hmWv Fv P\
hnizknm (20:30-31) thn FgpXsp.
zAD 50\pw 65\pw CSbvp ]utem-kv Ab teJ\fmWv
]pXnb\nba-n BZyw cq]w sIm ]pkvXI-. Fm
tdma, 1 tImdntmkv, 2 tImdntmkv, 1 sXtem\n, 2 sXtem\n, Kemnb, ^nenn Fn- h HgnsIbp
teJ\--]utemkn-sXmtWm-- F-- Imcyn-- Cpw-X-ap-v.-- --- teJ-\-- ]eXpw-- AtmkvXe
- mcpsS-- injym- FgpXn-bXmsW-mWv ssZhimkv{XmcpsS \nK-a\w.
Cu- hkvXpXIfpsS-- shfnn-- Xmsg-- tNncnp-{]iv\- {]kamIppsv F\nv tXmpp:
zHcp-- ss__n-- mkn-- t]mbm-- t]mepw-- \-- t\mv- - FgpXn-sb-Sp-nt? ssZh-]p{X Fv Ahv tXmn-b Hcm
]d Imcy FpsIm-v FgpXn kqnn?
ztbip-- acn-- DSs\-- t]mepw-- CXv- - FpsImv- - FgpXm {iann?
zFpsImv ambnbpsS t]cp ]dbp ev "Rm' Fp- ]d-n? ]utemkv FgpXnb teJ\-fnepw apw,
"Rm', "Fs', "F\nv' Fo ]Z D]tbmKnv ImWpp-
23
tm?
zeqbpsS kphntijhpw Atm-kvXemcpsS {]h\-fpw-- Fgp-Xn-bXv- - eq-- BsWmWv- - hnizmkw. tbiphns
injymcn Hcmfmbn-cp-n eq. Fnpw amcpw ]dbm
Imcy eq Fs\ FgpXn?
DZmlcWn\v:
kv\m]Itbmlms P\\s Ipdnp Adnbnv
tbiphns--- P\\s--- Ipdnp--- Adnbnv
adnbns--- kvtXm{XKoXw
kJdnbpmb-- ApXw
BnSbmv e`n--- ktiw
tbiphns--- ]cntZ\w
inatbm\pw--- Abpw
_me\mb-- tbip-- tZhmebn
Fgp]ncp-- t]sc-- Abpp
\-- kacnbmmcs-- D]a
Iq\p-- kv{Xosb-- kpJsSp-pp
atlmZc-- tcmKnsb--- kpJsSp-pp
[q]p{Xs-- D]a
[\hm\pw-- emkdpw
kthqkns-- `h\nse-- hncp-v
zblqZP\n\v thn ambn kphntijw cNnp. AXpsImv Xs Ahsc hnizknnm\mbn ]gb\nba-nse
{]-h-N\- tbiphns\n-- BsWv- - m]nm- {i-an-pp. AXv- - aqew-- Dmbno-- Nne-- sshcp[y-- {inpI:
ambn-- tbiphns-- hwimhen-tbmSv- - IqsSbmWv- - {Kw Bcw`nncn-pXv.1 Zn\hrmw 3:1024 {]Imcw ZmhoZns kXn{Iaw Cs\: dtlmt_mhmw, A_nbm, Bkm, tbmk^mXv, tbmdmw, Al-knbm,-- tbmhmjv,-- Aajnbm,-- A-dnb,-- tbm[mw,B
- lmkv,- slk-nb,-- a\ms,- Btam,-- tPmknb,-- btlmbm-nw,bmtmWnb, kemntb... (bm-tmWnbbpsS asmcp
aI-s]Zm-bbpsS-- aI)-- skdp_mt_-.....-- ambn-- 1:716 A\p-
24
kcnv ZmhoZns kXn{Iaw C{]ImcamWv: dtlmt_m-hw,A_nbm,--Bkm,-- tbmk^mXv,-- tbm-dmw,-- Hmknbm,-- ...missing...

tbm[mw, Blmkv, slknb, a\ms, Btam-kv, tPmknb,-bmtmWnb,-kemn-tb,-- skmdp_mt_, A_n-bqZv,-- Fenbmnw,-- Btkm,--kmtZmIv,-- Aow,-- FenbqZv, Fsebm-k,-- amXm,-- bmtm_v,-- tPm-sk^v,-- tbip.-- (3- Xe-apd hnpt]mbncn-pp.
]pdsa, CXnse A_n-bqZv Fbmsf Zn\hrmn-
ImWpn). am-bnbpsS kphntijw A\p-kcnv ZmhoZv
apX tbip hsc 28 Xeapd. eqmbpsS kphntijw A\pkcnv ZmhoZv apX tbip hsc 43 Xe-apd. FhnsSbmWv- - sXp-- ]nbXv?-- Zn\-hrm-ntem?-- am-bn-bpsS- kphn-tijntem?
eqmbpsS kphn-tij-n-tem?---------- ssZhhN\n- sXp-mIptam?
I\yI-- K`w [cnv- - ]p{Xs\-- {]k-hnpw.-- (ambn-- 1:22-- / Fi 7:14). CXv tbiphns P\\s Ipdnp {]hN\ambncptm?-- Hcp-- ASbmfw-- Bh-iysSm-- Blmknt\mSv- ssZhw- Acp-fnsNbvXp,-- bphXn-- K`w-- [cnv- - ]p{Xs\-- {]k-hnpw-- F--- ASbmfw-- ssZhw-- Xs--- \-In-- FmWtm-- ]gb\nba-- ]-cmaiw.-- CXnse-- bphXn-- F-- FimbpsS-- hm-- v- I\yI-- Fv- - amndbpIbt bYmYn ambn sNbvXncnpXv?
tbiphnt\mSp-- ^
- cn-tkb-- ASbmfw-- Bhiy-stm-- tbm\m {]hmNIs ASbmfw BWv \InbXv. ASbmfw-- \IpXv- AXv- Bv- - thn \Istm- Ahp ImWm\mWv.
A-s\sbn-- Blm-k- v- cmPmhn\pw-- GItZiw-- 500 hjv tijw P\n tbiphns ASbm-fw sImv Blmkv
cmPmhn-\v Fv {]tbmP\w? Atm B- ASbmfw B-lmkv
ImWm--CSbp-- Hcmsf--- ]n-bmhnt? (ambn-- 12:38)
ambn 2:1315 tlmknb 11:1 FSppcnpp. tlmknb11:1 C{kmtbens\- Ip-dnmWv- - ]dbpsXv- - hyamWv.-- ambnbp-sS hN\a\pkcnv tlmkn-b 11:1 am{Xw tbiphns\ Ipdnpw-- AXns-- XpSbmb-- 11:2-- C{ktbens\-- Ipdnpw-- BtWm?
Fmw-- Znhkw-- tbip-hns\-- Pdpkteantev- - sImpt]mbn
(eq 2:2123).P\nbpSs\ CuPn]vXntev ]emb-\w sNbvsXn- Fmw-- Znhkw-- Xncns- m-- As
bm{XmkuIcyw sImv km[nn. Atm eqbpsS
kphntijw A\pkcn- v CuPn- ] v X n- t ev- - t]mbnn.-
25
As\sbn--- tlmknb 11:1-- F--s\-- tbiphns\ -Ipdn-p

{-- ]hN\amIpw?
ambn 2:18se Psdanbm 31:15. ""Imhv Xs P\s
C{ktben Ahti-jnhsc cnn-cnpp Fp kvXpXn
]mSphn'' (Psd-anbm 31:7). A-tm \spt]mbhsc Ipdnp tcmZ\amWv 31:15 DXv . AsX- s\ tbiphns\
Ipdnmhpw?
ambn 2:23se {]hN\hpw ]cntim[nstSXp-.v
GXp {]hmNI\mWv \kdmb Fp hnfn-sSpw Fp
{]h-NnXv?-- \kdmb-- F-- hmv- - ss__nfn-- BZyambn-ImWpXv-a- mbnbpsS-- kphntijnse-- Cu-- `mKmWv.
ambn 3:4se 2 cmPm-m 1:8. AXv Genbm BsWv
hy-amWv.
-- ""sXcphoYnIfn-- Ahs-- iw-- Bcpw tI-pIbn''-(ambn----- 12:19)--- F--- {]hN\w tbiphn-- \ndthdnbnptm?""AhcpsS-- -]Wfn ]
--- Tnnm\pw {--- ]kwKnphm\pambn
A-hnsS \nv ]pdsp''(ambn-- 11:-1).- ""Ah Ahsc kn\tKmKpIfn-- ]Tn-npw c--- mPyns k
--- phn-tijw {--- ]kw-Knpw...'' (ambn 9:35).
""Ah-- hnPmXob-sc--- \ymbhn[n-- Adnbnpw''- (--- ambn-- 12:19)- Fp-- ]dXns Ahtbm?-- ""Ah adp]Sn ]
-- dp-C{ktb- `h\nse \s BSpIfpsS ASp-tv am{XamWv Rm Absn-cnpXv'' (ambn 15:24).
""{]hmNI\mb-- Psd-anbm-- hgn Acpfn sNs-X-- v- Atm-]qnbmbn''(ambn-- 27:9----- ). Psdanbm--- 32:614--- an ]cntim[npt\mpI. Ahn-sSpw-- 30 sh-n-\mWbfpan, c-ns ]dpan, cns hne-bp-an.
""Rm-- \nn \
-- np k
--- v\m\w k
-- zoIcntn-bncnt-- \o-Fs-- ASptp-- hcppthm-- Fp-- tNmZnv- - sIm---- v- Ahs\-XSp''(ambn 3:14).-- hcm-\ncnph-- tbip-- BsWdn-p-sImt-- tbmlm Cs\-- -- ]d-Xv?-- ]ns FpsIm-mWv- hopw -kwibw- {]ISn-nXv:- ""hcm\ncnph\o-- Xs-tbm-- AtXm-- R-- asmcphs\-- {]Xo-nWtam?''(tbmlm 11:3)
""Imhns Iev]\ Rm-- hnfw_cw-- sNpw;-- AhnSpv-
26
-FtmSv- -Acp- sNbvXp -\o F

--- s- ]
-- p{X\mWv;- Cv R
--- m
\n\v Pw-- \In''-- -(ambn 3:17/ko-\-- 2:7).--- hnfw_cw sNpI-- Fm- HctfmSv- - ]dbpI-- FmtWm?--- Fmhpw-D- hm--bt? Atm AXv \mtamtcmcptcm-Spw ]dbpXmbn a\nemnqtS?
ao, kphntij a\ncpn hmbnphv Ccnep At\Iw tNmZy C\nbpw Dbnm\pmIpw.
Hcp-- kphntijn\I-- v- Xsbp-- sshcp[y,-- kphntij- -]ckv]cap-- sshcp[yw,-- ss{IkvXh-- hncptam-- bpnhncptam -Bb-- ]
-- cmai....-- As\-- ]
-- eXpw.- G
-- Xm\pwIm-cy-fntev IqSn anbsS {i Wns:
z ""m\kv\m\w-- Ign-bpSs\-- acp`qanbnte--- v- tbip-- \bn-sp''--(ambn 4:1). ""ASp-- Znhkw tbml-m--- Xs--injymcn-- c
- p--- t]tcmSv- - IqsS--- \nptm tb-ip-- \SphcpXv- - Iv ]dp: CXm ssZhns Ipm-Sv. Ah-- ]dXv- - tIv- - B-- cv- - injym-tb-ip-hns\-- A\pK-an-p''--- (tbmlm1- :35). a-- mbnbmtWm-- icn?-At- Xm tbmlms-- hmpIfmtWm-i-cn?
z-- ""hnbn-- Dm-bn-cph-- Ahs\-- Bcm[n-p--- sImv-- - kXyambpw--- \o-- ssZh-- ]p{X\mWv- - F-v- ]dp-''--- (ambn-- 14:33).
""Ah- Bcy`cnXcmbn.--- ImcWw--- As-- Ipdn-- v- Ah-- {Klnn-cpn. AhcpsS lrZbw ao`hnn-cp-p''(am--tmkv- 6:-51,52).
z""Ah t]mbn sIn Rmv Np''(ambn 27:5).- ""Ah-Xe--- Ipn--- -hoWp;-- -DZcw--- -]nfv A
-- -hs I
-- pSsemw ]
-- pdv NmSn''(Atm. {]h\-- 1:18-- ).
z tbip kwkmcnn-cp `mj Xsbt A-hnsSbpmbncp--- P\fpw-- kwkmcnncpXv.-- G-npw ""Gen, Gen,-- eam-k_m\n!''-- Fp]dtm---- Gensb-- hnfnpp-- Fp
P-\w ]dXv FpsImv? (ambn 27:46)
z ""tbip Dn \nehnfnp sImp Poh shSnp''(- ambn-- 27:50).-- Fm,- sl{_mb ]dbpXv t\mpI:-- ""Xss
- FlnIPohnX-Imev {In-kvXp, acWn \nv Xs cnm- Ignhph\v Io-tcmSpw henb hnem]tmSpw IqsS
{]mY\Ifpw bmN\Ifpw ka]np.-- Ahs-- ssZh`bw--- aqew-
27
-Ahs-- {]m-Y\-- tIp'' (5:7). {]m---- Y\- tIp Fp]dbp--Xv

tNmZn Imcyw km[np Inptm-gt? Cu ]m\]m{Xw \ontmIs F tbiphns {]m-Y\ km[npIn-n Fv [cnmtam?
z ""\psS CSbn \nd-thdnb IcyfpsS hnhc-Ww-- FgpXm-- At\Iw-- t]-- ]cn{iannptm''--- (eqm 1:1). A-t\Iw-t] {iannpw \msew am{Xw Imt\m\nIambXv FpsImv?
z ""A-tbm--- -- t{ijvT\mb--- sX-tbm^ntemkv,F
- m Im-cyfpw-- {]mcw`w-- apXt-- kqvaambn-- ]cn-tim[nXn\v- ti-jw Fmw
{Iaambn \n\sgpXpXv DNnXamsWv F\n-p-- tXmn''
(eq-m---- 1:3) .-- ssZh\nthinXw-- Fv- - ]dbptm-- a\pjy kqvaa
- mbn-- ]TnWtam?-- ssZhw-- tXmnnpXv- - FgpXpI-- Ft?
z ""AhnhmlnX-scn Imhns I-]\sbmpw
F\nv e`nnn. Fm hnizkvX\
- mbncn-m Imhn
\nv IcpW e`nh F \nebn Fs A`n{]m-bw--- Rm-]dbpp-'-'(1 tImdntmkv 7:25--). kzw-- A`n{]m-bw!--- CXmtWm
ssZ-h\nthinXw?
z""a\pjycpsS CSbn F\npmbncp A]-am\w \on-f-bm Imhv Fs ISmnv F\nv CXv sNbvXp Xncnpp'' (eqm 1:25). dmtl X\np km-\w e`ntmgpw CXv ]dp (Dev]n 30:23). Atm dmtl Fenk_n-s\ Ipdnv {]h-NnXmtWm?
z""Ah-- P\nXv- - cn- \ntm imco-cnIm`nemj-n \ntm ]pcpjs Cbn \n-tm A, ssZhn \nt{X''-- (tbmlm-- 1:13).-- As\sbn-- tbiphn\v- - Hcp-- cmPIpSpw_ns-- ]npW-- thWtam?-- Hcp-- cmPmhns-- t]cns-_ew thtWm? ZmhoZns ]p{X Fp ]dbWtam?
z""-]m]]cnlmc _enbmbn Ah Xs-s A]nptm-- Ah-- Xs-- kXn]ccsb-- ImpIbpw-- ZoLm-bpv
{]m]npIbpw-- sNpw''-- (Fim 53:10). tbip {Iqinstm
km-\ Dmbncptm?
z]pXnb\nba{]Imcw, tbiphns ]{mas AtmkvXe-- XncsSps-- coXn-- andnbnt?- ""tbmlms
28
kv\m\w apX \n \np Dbcfntev kwhlns

\m hsc, tbip \tmsSmw kcn-ncp Imew apgph\pw,
\psS IqsSbpmbncphcn Hcph\mbncn-Ww Ah''
(AtmkvXe- {]h\1:22).-- As\-- anbmkv XncsSpsp. tbip ]Xns\mv t]v {]XysXmbmWv- k
-- phn-tijfn F
-- gpXsncnpXv (--- am-tmkv-- - 16:14)-.
Atm- anbmkv- - ]p\cpm\n\v kmn-bmbncptm?
""]ns- Ah- Ipdnbnp.--- a-nbmkn\v Ipdn hoWp'' (AtmkvXe-- {]h\--- 1:26).-- Cs\bmtWm-- tbiphns-- AtmkvXe-s\-- XncsSp-tXv? Ap-X {]hnm
t]mepw- Ignhp-h- Bbncpnt- AtmkvXem? Fnpw
FpsImv ssZhw Ahv XncsSptbmsfpdnv
shfn-sSpnbn?
sXv- - a\pjyklPamWv- - Fv- ]dbmdpv.- AXv- kXyamWv
Xm-\pw.-- ssZhn\p-- sXp]ptam?-- C-- FpXs-- Dcw.-- ssZhh-N\sa-m-, ssZhw AcpfnsNbvX hN\ Ft? ssZhhN\n--- -s]mcp-tSpmIptam? s]mcptSpI
Dsn AXv ssZhhN\amIptam? AXv ssZhn \nmIptam? a\p-jy-s CSs]S DXv sImt sXp-I ISpIqSpXv?-- CXn \n-pw,-- s]mcptSpI-- \nd-- ss__n-fn am\pjnI_pnbn DZn Imcy-fpw Dsmpp
Fp ]dbm\m-Int? s]mcptSpI D ss_-_nfns
ASnm\n-emWv- - k` D-mbsXn k`bn Fp am{Xw
sXpI-- DmIpw!--- ssZ-hw-- {XnssXzI-amtWm?- FpsIm--- v-tbiphns\ B-cm[nWw? tbip ssZ-hamtWm? F-n-\p m\kv\m\w? hnip Ip-_m\ Bcm[\mtbmKy-amtWm? hniptcmSv {]mYnWtam? Fs\ D]h-kn-Ww? Xo-bmbpw
Rm Adnb-Ww Fs hnizmkfpw BNmcfp-sa-mw.-- sXn-- \npw-- sXpIfntev- - ho-gpXtm- DNnXw. k-Xyw- Xncndn-v AXv ]npScp--Xt IqSpX Daw!
sXp-Ifpw-- ]ng-hp-Ifpw-- ]p-- krjvS- n-If
- mb-- a\p-jy-tcmSv {]mYn-p--Xn-t\-mfpw F{Xtbm \Xpw D]-Im-c-s]-Sp--Xp-at
ao,- {kjvSm-hmb-- Im-hn-t\mSv- {]mYn-p-Xv;- Ah-\n
A`bw Is-p-Xv?
4
ssZhw
ss__nfnepw {InkvXpaXnepw
ao, ss__n BWv \psS hnizmkv B[mcw
Fm-Wtm \mw ]TnnsncpXv. Fm ss__n
]TnnXp {]Imcap hnizmkfpw [mcWIfpa ssZhs kw_nv {InkvXym\nIsfhImisSph Cv
sImp\SpXv- Fs\nv- t_m[ysncnpp.- ss__n- {]Imcw ssZh-ns eW Xmsg ]dbphbmWv.
1. kzbw`qhm-bn-cn-pp.
2. A\m-Zn-bm-bncnpp.
3. Ai-co-cn-bm-bn-cn-p-p.
4. kh \ kzcq-]n-bm-bn-cn-p-p.
5. kI-e-n\pw BZn Imc-W-am-bn-cn-p-p.
Hmw mnse thZ-]mT ]pkvX-I-nse Hmw ]mTw
XpS-pXn--s\bmWv.
\ns Bcv krjvSnp?
Fs ssZhw krjvSnp.
30
\ns ssZhw Fn\p krjvSnp?

Ahn-Sps kvt\ln-p-hm-\mbn krjvSnp.
Cv-- ss{Ikv
XhB
--- cm[npsIm-ncnphb
--- YmY ssZhw- X
-- s-bmtWm- F
-- v C
-- u X
-- zfpsS s-- hfn-n \-apv
]cntim-[nmw.
I\ymadnbw?
""]cn-ip adn-bta Xp-cms A-t...'' F {]mY\ 1555
Dutch jesuit petrus Canisius -BWv Iqn-t-Xv. ]Xn-s\mp
hj--v tijw sX-t{mkv kp\-l-tZmkv CXv AwKo-Icn-p. adnbw ssZh-am-Xmhv Fv AwKoI--cn--Xm-hs AD 431
aq-mw Ft^-kq-kv kp\-l-tZm-kn hpw.
""]cn- i p adn- b ta Xp- c ms A- t ...'' Fv Rm
{]mYn-Wtam?-- I-\yI-- adnbw-- ssZh-ns-- A-bm-tWm?
kh-ns\-bpw-- krjvSn-- ssZh-n\v- - Hcp-- A-bp-s-n-B-- A--bt-- ssZh-t-m t{ijvT? As-n ssZhw
Xs X\nv Hcp A-sb krjvSntm?
tbip?
""AXn-\m \n- {]tXyIw--- {in-p-hn.--- tlmsd-_n hv An-bpsS a[y-n \nv Imhv \n-tfmSv kwkm-cn -Znhkw--- \n-- Hcp-- cq]hpw-- In-.''-- (\nb-am-h\w-- 4:-15)
X\nv- - cq]w-- Cm-sbv- - ssZhw-- Xs-- ]d-bp-p.--- amwkw [cnv ssZhw `qan-bn hkn-tn h-cpsav ssZh-n\p Av
Adnbn-m-bn-cptm?
\qm-p-Ip--- tijw-- Xs- aI-- `qan-bn-- hcp-sapw Ahs\-Iv- - a\p-jy-- Bcm-[n-p-sapw-- Ahs-- cq]-fpw-- Nn{Xfpw-\nan-p-sapw-- ssZ-h-n\v- Adn-bn-m-bn-cptm? Fm ssZhw -Fmw Adn-bp--h-\m-Ip-p. C-s\-sbms sXp-[cn-s-Spw-- F-- v- Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-Xv- - sImmWv- - ssZ-hw-- CsXms-- kw-kmcn--Xv.--- Fnpw--- AXp--- {Kln-m-- Bcpw-- {ian-p-n.
""Ahn-Spv XpSp: \o Fs apJw Ip IqSm; Fsm Fs ImWp Hcp a\p-jy\pw Poh-t\m-sSbn--cn-p-
31
Ibn.'' (]pd-mSv 33:20)

tbip ssZh-am-sW-n tbiphns\ I Hcp a\p-jy\pw
Poh-t\m-sS-bn-cn-m ]mSn-. Fm tbiphns\ IXns
t]cn BfpI acWsn-n Fv hyamWv. Atm,
Hp-In ]pd-m-Snse hN\w sXmWv. A-s-n tbip ssZha-, {]XypX ssZh-cmPyw {]tLm-jn-m-\mbn ssZ-hw Ab-
H-cp {]hm-N-I am{X-am-Wv.
""Atm An- b psS a[y- n \nv Imhv
\ntfmSv- -kwkm-cn-p.-- \n-- i_vZw-- tIp--i_vZw-- am{Xw;-cq]w-- I-n.''-- (\nb-am-h\w 4:12)
""Im-hmb F
-- \nv am-an'' (-- aemn 3:6)
""Fm bYmY-n ssZhw `qan-bn hkn-ptam?
A-sb D-sIm-m kzK-n\pw kzKm[n kzK-n\pw
Akm[y-sa-n Rm \nan Cu `h\w F{X A]-cym]vXw!''
(1 cmPm-m 8:27)
`qanbn h
-- kn t-- bip s--- sZham-Iptam?
l_-qv 1:13 ""A-bpsS Ip-I Xn Zin-m
A\ph-Zn-m hn[w ]cn-ip--am-Wtm''
eq 4:3 ""Atm ]nimNv Ah-t\m-Sv ]dp:''
tbip-- ssZhambncpsn ]nim-Nn\v (Xnv) tbiphns
ASp hcm Ignbpambncptm?
""Fs-m ssZhw Xn-bm ]consSpn''
(bm-tm_v 1:3)
tbip ]nim-Nn-\m ]co-n--s-nt?
""Ah (tbip) ssZh-`-n-bn B\w sImpw''
(Gim 11:3)
ssZhw ssZh-`-n-bm B\w sImptam?
Cu-- -hN\sfmpw-- tbiphns ZnhyXzw
m]npn
""tbip-- ]dp-: kXyw-- kXy-am-bn-- Rm-- \n-tfmSv- - ]dbpp. A{_---lmw- Dm-Ip--Xn\v apv Rm\pv.''--- (tbml-m- 8:58)
32
CXnsbSnm\n--- tbip--- ssZ-hamsWn sPdanbmbpw ssZhamsW-v ]dtbn hcpw.

""Imhv FtmSv Acpfn sNbv-Xp: amXm-hns DZ-c-n
\n\v- - cq]w \Ip--Xn\v aps Rm \ns Adn-p: P\np-X
- n\v- - apt-- \ns-- Rm hnip-o-Ic
- n-p. P\-XI
- v {]hmN-I-\mbn Rm \ns \ntbm-Kn-p.'' (Psd-anbm 1:4,5)
A{_-lm-an\v- - apt-- Psd-anbm-- Dm-bn-cptm?-- P\n-p--Xn\v
apt-- Xnc-s-Sp--W-sa-n-- Psd-anb-- Fhn-sStbm-- Dm-bncn--Ww. Fhn-sS-bm-bn-cnpw? ssZh-ns a\-n-em-bn-cnnt? AXm-bXv, ssZh-ns- ]-Xn-bn- Dm-bn-cp-n-cn-Ww.-- sP-danbm {]hm-NIs\pdnv am{Xa, \ssb-mw
Ipdnpw ss_-_n CXv ]-dnpv.
""Xs--- apmsI-- kvt\l-n--- ]cn-ip-cpw-- \njvI-f-cpw
B-bn-cn-m-- temI-- m]-\-n\--v ap--v Xs-- Ahn-Spv- - \s
tbip-{In-kvXp-hn Xnc-s-Spp.'' (F^-tkmkv 1:4)
temI m]-\-n\v apt \-sf-sb-m-h-scbpw Xnc-sSpp-- Fp-- ]d-bW
- s
- a-n \-sf-m-hc
- pw Xs AXn\v apt
Dm-tIt?-- Xo-bm-bpw-- \-sfmw-- ssZh-n-s,-- a\p-jy\v
AmX-amb-- ]-Xn-bn-- Dm-bn-cp-p.--- AX-- hmNymYw Xs-- icn-bm-sW-n-- Gim FpsImn-s
- \- ]-dp: ""K`n-- \n\v cq]w \Inb \ns c-I-\mb Imhv Acpfn-sN-pp: F-mw krjvSn-p-Ib
- pw BIm-is hncn-p-Ibpw
`qansb-- hym]nn-p-Ibpw-- sNbvX-- Imhv- - Rm\m-Wv.-- Bcpm-bn-cpp Atm Ftm-sSm-nv?'' (Gim 44:24)
tbip Xs-bmtWm CsXmw sN-bvXXv? A-s\-sb-n
tbip-- ]nXm-hn-s-- heXp-- `mK-n-cn-pp-- (am-tm-k--- 16:19)vFv- ]d-bp--sX--psIm-v?- A-s\-sb-n--- ]nXmhpw-- tbiphpw th-sd Xs-bt? cv ssZh-amtWm?
tbip-- Ap-X
- -- {]hn-Xp-- sImmtWm-- ssZhw-- Fp
]d-bp-Xv?-- As\sbn-- ApXw-- {]hn-- [mcmfw
t]sc ss__nfn \nv Xs Ismw.
""An-If
- psS-- Xmgvhc
- .-- Hcp-- hen-b-- ssk\yw-- t]mse Ah
Fgp-tp-- \np. H- At\Iw t]'' (Fk-n-tb 37-:1-9)
33
""Imhv Gen-bm-bpsS At]- tIp. Ipnv {]mW

hop-- Inn.-- Ah P
-- ohn-p.'' (-- 1 cmPm--m 17:22)
Feoj- -acn Ipnsb Pohn-n-p-p. (2 cmPm--m
4:3237)
acn tijw Feo-j-bpsS A-n-I t]mepw PU-n\v
Poh \-In. (2 cmPm-
- m 13:21)
Feoj IpjvTtcmKn-bmb \mam-s\ kpJ-s-Sp-p-p.
(2 cmPm-
- m 5:14)
Feoj-- Aw-- h[n-n-p-p.-- Bfp-I-- `nv anw hcnIbpw sN-bvXp. (2 cmPm--m 4:44)
ImgvN-in Xncnp \Ip-p. (2 cmPm--m 6:1524)
""tPmjzm- {]mYnp sImv kqcy-s\bpw N{-s\bpw \neam-n.-- I-mhv- - Hcp-- a\p-jys-- hmv- - tIv- - C{km-tb-en\p th-n-bpw-- sNbvX-- B--- Znh-kw-- t]mse-- Hcp-- Znhkw-- AXn\p ap-pw ]npw Dm-bn-n-.'' (tPmjzm 10:1214)
tbip Fn\v thnbmbncpp ApX {]hnXv
Fp-IqSn ]--- cntim[ntXpv.
""Av- - Fs-- {]mY\-- Ftmgpw-- {ihnpsav- - F\n--dnbmw.-- Fm-- Fs-- Ab-Xv- Ahn-Sp-m-sWv Np-pw \np
P\w-- hniz-kn-p--Xn\p-- thn-bmWv- - Rm\nXp-- ]d-bp--Xv.-- CXp
]d-nv Ah D-n ]dp emktd ]pdp hcn-I.'' (tbmlm 11:42,43)
Xm-- ssZhamsWv- - ImWn-m-\m-tWm-- AtXm ssZhw Ab
Hcp-h\
- mW--v Fv- - ImWn-m-\mtWm- tbip- Ap-X
- {]hn-Xv?
ssZh]p{X {]tbmKspdnv...
tbiphns\dnv ss__n "ssZ-h]
- p{X' Fv ]dnptm-- Fv- - an-- NnnppmIpw.-- Fm-- tbiphns\ am{XamtWm ss__n Cs\ hntijnnnpXv?
""Fs-m Ah-\n hnizkn-p Gh\pw \inp
t]m-ImsX \nXy-Po-h {]m]n-p--Xn\p thn, Xs GI-
34
Pm-Xs\ \Im X-hn[w ssZ-hw temIs A{X-am{Xw

kvt\ln-p.'' (tbml-m 3:16)
""`qan-bpsS- ASn-m-\
- Cf-In-bn-cn-pp; Rm ]d-bpp
\n- ssZh--fmWv.--- \n-sf-m-hcpw-- AXyp-X-s-- a-fmWv.'' -(ko-\- 82:6)
""kam-[m\w--- m]n-p--h--- `mKy-hm-m.-- Ah-- ssZh-]p{X-mscp h
-- nfn--sSpw.'' (ambn 5:9)
""Ahn-Spp FtmSv Acpfn sNbv-Xp; \o Fs ]p{X-\mWv''
(ko-\- 2:7)
""Rm-- Ah\p-- ]nXmhpw-- Ah-- F\nv- - ]p{X\pw-- Bbn-cnpw'' (2 kmap-th 7:14)
""Fs-m-- Rm-- C{k-tb-en\p-- ]nXm-hm-Wv.-- G{^mbnwFs BZy-Pm-X\pw'' (Psd-anbm 31:9)
""Gs\mjv t-- kn-sbpw-- tkXv BZ-an-sbpw ]p{X-\m-bn-cpp. BZw ssZh-nsXpam-bn-cpp'' (eqm 3:38)
""Imhv ]
-- d-bpp C
-- {k-tb F
-- s ]
-- p{X-\m-Wv, F
-- s BZy-Pm-X'' (]pd-mSv 4:22)
Ch-cn-em-cmWv ssZh-ns BZy-Pm-X?
""Ahs-- t]cn\v- - Hm-aXv- - \oXn-bp-sS-- cmPm-sh-pw,-- cm-aXv
kte-ans (kam-[m-\-ns) cmPm-sh-p-amWv A-Yw. Ah\v
]nXmthm- amXmthm-- hwi-]-c--ctbm- C. A
-- hs Znh-k-v- - Bcw-`tam-- Bbp-n\v- - Ahkm\tam-- C''-- (sl-t{_m-b 7:23)
Cu-- hni-Zo-I-cWw-- ssZh-n\v- - tN--X-t? Fm-- CXv
sa-n-k-tZ-ns\ ]n ]d-n-cn-p--Xm-Wv. ssZ-h-]p-{X
As-n-- ssZ-hw-- F m-\w IqSp-X tbmPn-p-Xv san-k-tZ-n\v At?
""hymPw-- ]d-bm ssZhw a\p-jy- A. A\p-X-]n-m
Ahn-Spv a\p-jy-]p-{X-\p-a'' (kwJy 23:19)
""Rm s-- sZh-amWv- - a\p-jy-\-.'' (tlmknb 11:9)
tbip-- Xs-- kzbw-- hnti-jn-n--Xmbn-- ss__n-fn ]d-ncn-p-Xv a\p-jy-]p-{X Fpw! Fm a\p-jy-]p-{X ssZh-
35
am-In-- Fv ssZhw-- Acp-fn-sN-p-p. CXn \ns-mWv a\nem-m Ign-bp-Xv?

ss__n {]Imcw tbip ssZhns Zmk, ZqX
""Ah-- {]hn-- AS-bmfw-- Iv- - P\--- ]dp:
temI-n-tev- - hcm-\n-cp-- {]hm-N-I kXy-ambpw Ch-\m-Wv.''
(-am-bn 6:14)
""\k-dm-b\
- mb-- tbip-hn-s\-p-dnv- - Xs.-- Ah-- ssZh-nsbpw a\pjy-cp-sSbpw apn hmnepw {]hr-n-bn-epw i-\mb
{]hm-N-I-\m-bn-cpp.'' (eqm 24:19)
""A{_-l-n-sbpw Ck-lm-n-sbpw btm-_n-sbpw
ssZ-hw, \p-sS ]nXm--m-cpsS ssZhw; Xs Zmk-\mb
tbiphns\ al-Xz-s-Sp-n-bn-cn-pp.'' (A. {]h-\-
3:13)
ssZhw-- ssZhs-- al-Xz-s-Sp-n-tbm? AtXm Xs Zmks\
al-Xz-s-Sp-ntbm?
""Fs-m-- ]nXmhv- - Fs-m---hen-bh
- \
- mWv.''-- (tbmlm 14:28)
]nXmhv- Xs-m-- hen-b-h-- F-pw-- tbip-- ]d-bp-p, Atm tbip AXn-s\-m sNdnb ssZh-amtWm?
""Fs-m-- Rm-- kzta-[bm-- A-- kwkm-cn-Xv.-- Rm
Fp--]d-bWw-- Fp-- ]Tn-n-Ww-- Fv- - Fs-- Ab-- ]nXmhv
X-s F\np I]\ \In-bn-cn-pp.'' (tbml-m 12:49)
tbip ssZhambncpsn asm- c mfpsS \ntZiw
kzoIcnp-ambn-cp-tm?
""Fp-sIm-mWv- - \o-- Fs-- \-h-- Fp hnfn-p-Xv?
ssZhw-- Hcp-h-\-msX-- \-h-\mbn-- Bcpw C.''-- (amtmkv 10:18)
""Fm-- Fs he-Xp-hi
- pw CS-Xp-hi
- pw Ccn-m-\p
hcw- \n-p \tI-Xv Rm\-. AXp Fs ]nXmhp
B-p thn k-am-n-bn-cn-p-pthm Ahp--XmWv.''
(a-mbn 20:23)
36
""B-- Znh-ks-- Ipdntm-- aWn-q-dns\-- Ipdntm-- ]nXm-hn\msX ampw, kzK- nse ZqX- mtm ]p{X- \ p
t]meptam Adn-p-IqSm.'' (ambn 24:36, amtmkv13:32)
Cu ]p{X-s\-bmtWm ssZhw Fv ]d-bp-Xv? kzK-nse
ZqX-mv Adn-bm-Xv ]p{X\pw Adn-bn Fv tbip ]d-Xmbn ]d-n-cn-p-p.
]utemkv ]pXnb/]gb \nbafn- \nv
hyXnNenpp; sshcp-[yw ]dbpp
""ssZh-Xz-ns ]qWX apgp-h Ah-\n aqo-`-hn-ncnp-p.-'' (tIm-tfm-mkv 2:9)
F{X hntcm-[m-`mkw!
""Fs-m Hcp ssZh-ta-bp-q. ssZh-n\pw a\p-jypw a[y-\
- m-bn Hcp-ht- \-bp-q-a
- \
- p-jy-\mb tbip-{InkvXp''. (1 Xntams-tbmkv 2:5)
Xm ssZhasv tbip kzw PohnXw sImv
sXfnbnp
""\o Fs ktlm-Z-c-m-cpsS A-Spv sNv Ah-tcmSv
Rm Fs ]nXm-hn-sbpw \n-fpsS ]nXm-hn-s-bpw, Fs
ssZh-n-sbpw \n-fpsS ssZh-n-sbpw ASp-tv Btcm-l-Ww sNpp Fp ]d-bp-I.'' (tbml-m 20:17)
tbip-hn-sbpw \p-sSbpw ssZhw Hp Xs-bt? tbiphns ssZhw, B ssZhw Xs Bbn-cn-Ww \p-sS ssZhhpw Ft Cu hcn-I A-Ya
- m-p-Xv?
""Ah-\m-Is-- hnP\-- {]tZ-i
- f
- n-tep-- ]nhmn- AhnsS
{]mYnp sImn-cp-p.'' (eqv 5:16)
Hcp ssZhw asmcp ssZh-tmSv {]mYntm?
""Ah A]Zqcw aptmv sNv \ne-p-hoWv km[ysan B aWn-qdv Xs ISp t]mIs Fp {]mYnp''
(am-tmkv 14:35)
""Ah-- ]dp Am ]nXmth Fmw Atv km[y-am-
37
Wv.-- Cu ]m\-]m{Xw Fn \npw amn-c

- W
- ta'' (amtmkv
14:36)
]n-Xm-hn-s\mw-- km[y-am-Wv.tbip--hn\pw-- A-s\-bm-sW-n-Cs\--- {]mYn-p-am-bn-cptm?
""Ch sNp-Xv Fsv Ch-dn-bn-. Ch-tcmSv s]mdp-Wta'' (eqm 23:34)
tbip-hn\v ]m]w s]mdpp sImSp-m-\p A[n-Imcw Dsn Fn-\mWv ssZh-tmSv {]mYn-p-Xv?
""Fm- bYmY Bcm-[-I Bm-hnepw kXy-nepw
]nXm-hns\-- Bcm-[n-p-- kabw-- hcp-p.-- A-- AXn-tm Xsbm-Wv.bYmY---n--- A-s\-bp--- Bcm-[-Isc--- Xs-bmWv- - ]n-Xmhv- - At\z-jn-p-Xpw.-- ssZhw-- Bm-hmW.v''-----(t-- bml-m--- 4:23)
ssZhw At\z-jn-p-Xv tbip-hns\ Bcm-[n-p-h
- s
- ctbm
AtXm-- GI-kX
- y-ssZ-ha
- mb Ahn-Sps Bcm-[n-p-h
- s
- c-tbm?
s]mcp-t- -Sp-I Dsv Ddp- Cu ss__n-fn tbiphns\--- Ipdn-- v- ]d-n-cn-p--h-bn--- F{X-am{Xw-- icn-bp-m-hpw?
GsXmcp a\p-jy-s\bpw t]mse `qan-bn P\n-p-Ibpw `Ww
Ign-p-Ibpw-- Dd-pIbpw-- sNbvX-- Hcp-- hyn-bn HXp-n-\nm-\m-hptam-- Cu alm{]]ns {kmhns\?-- ssZhw--,
Ah-\mWv Ft-pw Pohn-n-cn-p--h. BIm-i-`q-an-I-fn-ep-sX-mw Ah-t-Xm-Wv.-- B-- ssZh-amtWm-- ""Fp-sIm-vAss Dt]-np'' Fv \ne-hn-fnp sImv acn-Xv?
""Rm\mWv Ftpw Pohn-p--h-.''--- -(\n-b-am-h-\w-- 32:40)."- "tbip-- D-n-- \ne-hn-fn-p-- sImv- - Poh-- shSn-p.''-- (a-mbn-27:50).-- Ch-- cpw Htc-ka-bw Fs\ bmYmYy-amIpw? ssZhw
ac-W-an-m--h\pw Hw acn--h\pw-- BIp-tam?
Hcp Ipv Fn\pw B{i-bn-p-Xv As-\-bt? Ah\v
Fs-nepw-- thW-sa-n-- tNmZn-p-Xpw-- A-t\m-Sm-Wv.- Ah\v
Fs-nepw ]cm-Xn-bp-s-n ]d-bp-Xpw A-t\m-Sm-Wv.
Ah Hv hoWm HmSn-sbn Ah-s Ic-n amn Ahs\
Bizkn-n-p-Xpw A-\m-Wv. Ah sXp sNbvXm AXv
Xncpn- t\amKw- ImWnp- sImSp-p-Xpw- A-\m-Wv.- \njv-
38
I-f--\mb-Hcp-- Ipn\v- - C-s\-sbms-- sNp-- A-t\mSv

F-{X-am{Xw kvt\lhpw _lp-am-\hpw `b-hpw ASp-hpw DmIpw! Ccw Hcp _-at \apv \psS ssZh-hp-ambn thXv ? Cs\ ssZhs "]nXmth' Fv hnfn- m- \ t
tbiphpw ]-Tn-n-Xv? ss__n-fn t]mepw CXpXs ]d-bpp.
""\n--- Chn-sS-sb-p--Xp-hsc--- ISpt]mcp--- hgn-bn-semw \n-fpsS ssZh-amb Imhv \nsf Hcp ]nXmhv ]p{Xs\-sb--t]mse-- hln-n-cp-Xv- - acp-`q-an-bn-- hv- - \n-- IXm-Wtm.'' (\nb-am-h\w 1:31)
ssZhs-- tbip-- ]nXmhv- - Fv- - hnfn-Xp sImv tbip-hns
A-- ssZh-am-Iptam?-- ""\n-- \n-fpsS-- ]nXm-hmb-- ]nim-Nn-
\np-h
- c
- mWv.'' (tbm-l
- m 8:44) blq-Zc
- psS A ]nimNmIptam?
\nb-am-h\w- 21:23-- ]d-bpp:- ""ac-n Xq-s--h ssZh-m i]n--s--h-\mW.v''
blq-Z-tcmSv ssZh-cm-Py-s--n--d-bm Ab--s tbiphn-s\ Ah-cpsS apn Xs i]n--s--h-\mbn ssZhw AhX-cn-npw Fv hniz-kn-m F\nv Ign-bp-n-. ""Cu ]m\]m{Xw Fn \nv amn--c-Wta.'' (amtmkv 14:36). Fv
ITn\-amb thZ-\tbmsS {]mYn tbip-hns\ ssZhw Fn\v
sNhn sImm-Xn-cn-Ww? ]m]n-I-tfmSv t]mepw an-p
Icp-Wm-a-b-\mb \psS ssZhw Hcn-epw \oXn-am-\mb Xs
Zmks\ ]m]n-I-fpsS A{I-a-n\v hnp-sIm-Sppw Fv IcpXm F\nv Ign-bp-n-. A-s\-sb-n ssZhw \oXn ImWnp Fv ]dbm-\m-Iptam?
""AbpsS- ImcpWyw-- BImi-tmfhpw-- AbpsS hnizkvXX taL-tfmfhpw hepXmWv.'' (ko\-: 57:10)
5
Ch GIssZhhnizmknIfmtWm?
ssZhhpw ]cnipmmhpw ]nXmhn \nv ]pdsSpp
F-mWv k` BZyw apXt AwKoIcnv t]mXv. AXn\v
hncp-ambn,- ]cnipm-mhv- ]nXmhn-- \npw-- ]p{X\n \npw
]pd-sSpp-- F Bibw sImph Itmenm k`sb
Aw-KoIcnphm-- ]uckvXy-- Hm-tUmIvk- v- k`v Ignn.-- ]uc-kvXy(HmtUmIvkv)-- k`bpw-- ]mm-Xy-- (tdma Itmenm) k`bpw Xnep `nXbpsS ]e ImcW--fn H-v CXmbncp-p.-- Fm-- Cu- Bibw Imt\m\nI-ambn
{]Jym]nXv tIm- nt\m]nfnse Hmas Iuknenepw XpSv entbm-knse cmas Iuknenepw
shmbncpp.
Itmenm Xncpk`bpsS hnizmk{]amWn t]mepw
{XnssXzI-- ssZhsn ]dbp-n- FXmW--v F-s-- IqSpX-A-pXsSpnbXv.-- ssZ-hw- F-- ]cakXys-- hn`-Pn-p-Itbm!-- GIssZhs-- aqmbn ImWpXv sImsmWv {]tbmP\w? ssZhta, Fp hnfnp {]mYnm t]mtc? ]nXmth
Bcm[\! tbipth Bcm[\! ]cnipmmth Bcm-[\! Fv
]dbpsXn\m-Wv, Ch aqpw HmsWv Dd-msWn?
40
tbip-- `qanbn-- Dmbncptm-- ssZhtmSv {]mYnncpp-- FXn\v- - ss__n-- Xs-- kmnbmWv.-- am-bn-- 26:39, amtmkv- 14:36,- eqm- 22:42 XpSnbhbnsemw Cmcyw \apv
ImWm- Ignbpw.-- AXmbX-v -tbip-hn\pw- -Hcp ssZhapmbncpp-- F-Yw. ssZhn\v ssZhtam? {]mYn-tm tbiphn\v
am\pjnIkz`m-h-ambncpp FmsW-n tbip {XnssXzI
ssZhtmSmWv {-- ]mYnXv F
-- ss\ ]
--- dbm I
--- gnbpw?-- tbip-hns-- A\pbmbnI-- tbiphns\-- A\p-IcnpIbt-- thXv?--- bYmY-- {Inkv-Xym\n-- tbiphnt\mSmtWm-- {]mYnt--Xv
AtXm---tbip---- {]mYn--- ssZh-tmtSm?
{XnXznse- aqmfpw-- XpeycmsWmWv- v- ]dbsSp-Xv.-F-m--ss__nfn-- Cs\bmWv F\nv hmbnm I-gnXv:
""Rm\msX asmcph\n. Rm Rm Xs. Fs-tmse a--- mcpan.'' (--- Gim 46:9)
""Fm-- ]cnipmmhns\Xncmbn- ZqjWw-- ]dbp-ht\mSv -ansSpIbn.'' (-- eqm 12:10)
{XnXznse-- aqpt]cpw-- XpeycmsWn-- FpsIm-ns\ "]]mX]camb' {]tbmK ISphcpp? ss__n{]Imcw, tbip Ipcn-in Poh shSn--tm {XnXz k-]n\v Fp kw`hnp? Fm Rm a\-nemnb ssZhw
Ftpw Pohn-p--h-\m-Wv. ss_-_nfn Xs Cmcyw
kqNnnppv.
""AhnSpv am{XamWv acWanmh'' (1 Xntamstbmkv- 6:16). ChnsS-- ]dbs-- "AhnSpv'-- ]nXmhmtWm?-- AtXm
tb-ip-thm? tbiphmsWn Atlw Ipcnin InSv acWw
hcnp- Ft-- ao,-- \mw-- hnizknpXv?-- Atm- Aac-Xz-ap asmcp ssZhs Ipdnm\mWv ta hmNIw D]-tbm-Kn-Xv Ft a-o, a\nemm IgnbpXv? ssZhs Ipdnp ap-- cwK-fnepw- CXn\v- - kam\amb- hnizmkw-- XsbmWv
Im-Wm- Ign-bpI.
""Fm-- Ah\mIs ]m]v thn Ftpam-bp
GI-_en A]npIgntm ssZhns heXp `mKv
D]hn-\mbn.'' (F{_mb 10:12)
41
ssZhns- heXp- `mKv- Fp- ]dbptm- Dtin-sSpXv- - tbip-- ssZham--- asmcmfmWv- - Fv- - Xsbt? Fnpw- tbip ssZhamWv- Fp ]dbpIbm-sWn- cv ssZhs
Xsbt- B
--- cm[npXv?- F
---- m- C
--- Xn\v h---- n]-coXambn-- i-am-b G
-- IssZhhnizm-kamWv s-- s__n ]
-- TnnpXv.
""CXm-- Rm\mWv,- Rm- am{XamWv- ssZhw;- Rm\msX thtd
ssZhan.'' (\nbamh\w 32:39)
""Rm,-- AsX-- Rm-- XsbmWv- - Imhv.-- Rm\msX asmcp c-- I-\n.'' (-- Gim 43:11)
""C{ktbte-- tIpI,-- \psS-- ssZhamb-- Imhv- - Htc Hcp I
-- m-hmWv.'' (-- \nbamh\w 6:4)
""\nfpsS ssZhamb Imhn-s\ ]qW lrZbtmSpw
]q-W BmthmSpw ]qWintbmSpw Iq-sS kvt\lnWw.
Rm\nv I]np- Cu hN\ \nfpsS lrZbn
Dmbncn-Ww.'' (\nbamh\w 6:5)
tbiphpw-- CXp- Xsbt- ]dXv?- \nbanse- G-hpw{][m\amb I]\ GXmsW tNmZyn\v tbip \Inb
adp]Snbpw CXp Xsbt? (ambn 22:37, amtmkv 12:29,
eqm-- 10:27)-- CXns\sbmw-- AhKWnv- - tbiphpw ssZhamsW-- v- AhImisSpIbmsWn-- Xmsg-- ImWp-- hN\sf
\mw Fs\ \ymboIcnpw?
""Imhv- - `qan-- apgphnsbpw-- cmPmhmbn-- hmgpw.--- Av- Imhv- - Hcph-- am{Xta-- DmbncnpIbpp.-- AhnSptv Hcp
\mahpw.'' (kJdnb 14:9)
""apIfn-- kzKnepw-- Xmsg-- `qanbnepw- Im-h-msX
asm-cp-- ssZhhpansv- - {Klnv- - AXv- - lrZbn-- Ddnphn.''
(\nbamh\w 4:39)
""Atm AnbpsS a[yn \nv Imhv \n-tfmSv
kw-kmcnp.-- \n-- iw-- tIp,-- iw-- am{Xw,-- cq]w-- In.''
(\nbamh\w 4:12)
tbip XsbmtWm CsXmw sNbvXXv? As\-sb-n
tbip ]nXmhns heXp `mKncnpp Fv amtmkv
16:19 ]dbpsXv sImv ? ]nXmhpw tbiphpw cv
42
hyXykvXamb AkvXnXzfmWvFt ao, ss__n

hN\fn \nv {Klnm km[npXv?
C, Rm hnizknp ssZhns cq]sasv
Bpadnbn. cq]-sap Xsbmbmepw AXv `qanbnse Hcp
a\pjy\pw Ip-\nm\mhn. tIhew a\pjy\v hn-hcn-m
I-gnbp-X ssZhns AkvXnXzw FmsWs hnizmkw.
ss__n-- Xs-- ]dbpp:-- ""Rm\mWv- Imhv; AXmWv Fs \maw.-- Fs-- alXzw-- Rm-- ampw-- \IpIbn.''-- (Gim
42:8) Cu ssZh-sbmtWm hn`Pnp ImtW-Xv?
ssZhw H-- n a-- qv F
-- v t-- bip hscbp GsXnepw Hcp
{]hmNI ]dp \mw tInptm? hnhn[ Ime-fnembn
]e kmlNcyfnepw At\Iw {]hmNIm hnpsnepw Ccsamcp Bibw Bcpw ]d-Xm-bn Rm hmbnnn.-- tbip{Inkv X phn - h nizknm-- am{Xsa- cbpq
FmWv sNdpw apXte ansbs ]TnnnpXv. Cv
Rm Nnnp-p AXmWv kXy-san A{_lmapw tamibpw-- ZmhoZpw -H-pw-- c-- -- {]m]n-nt? A
--- hv- - t-- htd-- Xcw- c-,
-\apv th-td. As\bmtWm? Ahv {XnssXzI ssZhw
th-t c {]m-]nm; \apv am{Xw aXntbm?
CXn\v kam\amb ssZhk]w asmcnSv Rm tInpv;-- lnp-- aXn.-- {_mhv,-- inh,-- hnjvWp-- FnhcSnb
{Xnaqo k]w. tdmam km{amPy-nse aXw t]K aXambncpp.-- B-- aXnse-- tZhm-v- - ]p{Xmcpmbncpp--.
AhnsS \nv ISsaSp-XmImw Ccw Bib.
Itmenm- k`- kp\ltZmkv- IqSptm-- Hmtcmtcm-]pXnb Imcy DmpIbmWv sNbvXpt]mnpXv.
Hmas Iuknen-- tbiphn\v- - ssZhXzw-- \In.-- c-m-atXn ]cn-ipmmhn\pw-- ssZhXzw-- \In.-- ]ns- a-- dnbsssZhamXm-hmbn {]Jym]np. ]{mas Iukn-en
]m] anphm-- k`v- - A[nImcapsv- - {]Jym]np.- Ccp]- X mas--I uknen- t]mns- A[nImc-{]Jym]np; C-s\ t]mIpp B "]cnjvImc':
43
In Scripture there is as yet no single term by which the Three

Divine Persons are denoted together. The word [trias] (of which
the Latin trinitas is a translation) is first found in Theophilus of Antioch
about A. D. 180 (The dogma of the Trinity, The Catholic
Encyclopedia)
The formulation òne God in three Personswas not solidly
established, certainly not fully assimilated into Christian life and its
profession of faith, prior to the end of the 4th century. But it is
precisely this formulation that has first claim to the title the Trinitarian
dogma. Among the Apostolic Fathers, there had been nothing even
remotely approaching such a mentality or perspective. (The New
Catholic Encyclopedia (1967), Vol. XIV, p. 299)
XncpthmkvXnsb Bcm[nmtam?
Znhy_enbmWv {InkvXob PohnXns ImXemb `mKw
FpXs-- ]dbmw.-- Ahpw-- hopw-- sshZnI BiohZnptm tbiphns icochpw chpambn amdpp Fv k`
{]Jym]nXv \memas emd Iuknen hmbncpp.
"ho--v ]cnlmkI\pw,- aZyw- Ielmc\pamWv' (kp`mjnX-
20:1) FmWv kp`m-jnXw. Fm AXp ssZhns cambn-- hWp-Xpw- \mw-- Xs.---- "Imhns kn[nbn- Ah
henbh\mbncnpw. hotm ap elcn ]m\ob-tfm Ah
IpSnpIbn' (eqm 1:15) F ss__n hN\-sfmpw ChnsS {]ka. Imhns kn[n-bnse henbh IpSnmXmtWm \psS ]nbnse ]ptcmlnX- m
IpSnpXv Fv tNmZnm au\-ambncnpw Dcw.
C\n, tbiphns Ipcninse _ensbsbSpv ]cn-tim[npI. GXm\pw Nne Znhkfntetm Bgv-NIfntetm am{Xw
]cnanXsSpmhp cq]ne B _ensb Ipdnv
{InkvXym-\nI hniz-knpXv, adnv Fstpambp-
_en-bmWv F-v XsbmWv.
""Fm-- Ah\mIs ]m]v thn Ftpambp
GI _en A]np Igntm ssZhns heXv `mKv
D]hn-\mbn.'' (sl{_m-b 10:12)
44
tbiphns-- GI-- _en-- ]m]-- ambvpshn-- Fpw-- Fn\mWv tZhmebfn Znhy_en A]n-sSpXv? As\
A]np Hcp _enbpw ]qWamXv sImt hopw
_en A]ntn hcpXv! tbiphns _en Hmtcm a\pjysbpw- ]m]v- - ]cnlmcamsbn-- ho-pw-- ]m]tamN\w
tX-tSXptm?-- ss__nfns-- Cu-- cwKp-- ho-WsamsW-- v- sl{_mbp-- teJ\n Xs ]dbppv: ""AXn\m BvtXmdpw Htc _en Xs A]nsSpsnepw
Ahbn-kw_nphsc-- ]qWcmm Ahv Hcnepw
Ignbpn.-- Ahv-Ignbpambncpsn- _enb]Ww Xs
\npt]mIpambncp-nt?'' (sl-{_mb 10:1)
]m]p ]cnlm-cn-\- v- t]mepw-- -A]ccpsS-- _en-ImcWam- I pIbn F- m- W v ss__n A[ym- ] \w.
Ah\hs sXn\v kzbw Xs in-b\p`hnWsamWv
ss_-_n ]dbpXv. AmsX A\ycpsS acWw Hcmtfbpw
\oXoIcnbn.
""ap thn ]nXmmsctbm ]nXmmp thn
a-sftbm-- h[ncpXv.-- ]m]n\p-- acWin-- Ah\h
Xs A\p`hnWw. (\nbamh\w 24:16).
""]m]w-- sNph-- am{Xambncnpw-- acnpI.-- ]p{X ]nXmhn-s- XnIp-- thntbm-- ]nXmhv- - ]p{Xs Xn-Ip
thntbm innsSpIbn. \oXnam Xs \oXnbpsS
êhpw Zp Xs ZpXbpsS êhpw A\p-`hnpw.'' (Fkntb 18:20)
Adoration of Christ in this Sacrament of love must also find
expression in various forms of Eucharistic devotion: personal prayer
before the Blessed Sacrament [the Eucharist], hours of adoration,
periods of exposition - short, prolonged and annual (Forty Hours) Eucharistic benediction, Eucharistic processions, Eucharistic
Congresses.
...[E]ucharistic worship is the center and goal of all sacramental
life.
XncpthmkvXn- tbiphns icocamWv, AXv ssZhamWv, AXv
Bcm[\mtbmKyamWv-- -FmWv- - hnizmkw.-- sshZnI Bioh-
45
Zn-- tKmX--v- Ahpw- apncn\ocpw- tbiphns- icochpw- chpw-- BbXpsImv- - Ccp]n\me--v aWn-qdpw-- HmkvXnsb Bcm[np tZhmeb [mcmf-apv. As\sbn Ans\tmepw ssZhamm Ignbp sshZnI\t ao, bYmYn ssZhs-m t{ijvT? khi\mb ssZhs
CXn]cw tamiambn Nn{XoIcnm Fs\ Ignbpw? HcmfpsS Bmhns\ Bhm-lnpI Asn GsXnepw insb- Bhmlnv- - asmn-- m]n-pI-- Fsmsbp {]h-\- a{hmZhpw B`nNmcIahpsa-mamWv; AXn\m
Xs Acw ZpjvIasf \msaXnpp. Htm-m
cnepw-- ASnm\]cambn kw`hnpXv Hp Xsbt?
CXn-t\m henb GsXnepw B`nNm-cIaaptm?
Ahpw-- apncn\ocpw-- tbiphns-- icocamsWpw-- AXv `nphv- - tbiphneqsS-- Pohnm-- Ignbp-sap-amWv- hnizmkw.
As\ tbip Imc-Ww PohnpXn\mWv Ip_m\ kzo-Icn-tXv FmWv ]dbsSp-Xv. CXn\v {][m\ambpw sXfnhmbpcnmdpXv tbmlm kphntijnse Hcp hN\-amWv.-- AXn-{]ImcamWv: ""Pohnph\mb ]nXmhv Fs
Ab-p; Rm ]nXmhv aqew Pohnpp. AXp t]mse Fs
`np-h Rm aqew Pohnpw.'' (tbmlm 6:57)
CXpt]mep- hN\v- - hmNymYn-- Xs hymJym\w \Inbm òIcamb A_nemWv sNspI. DZml-c-Wambn Cu hN\w t\mpI: ""BmhmWv Poh \IpXv.-icocw-- Hn\pw-- D]I-cnpn.-- \ntfmSv Rm ]d hmpI Bmhpw Poh\pamWv.'' (tbmlm 6:63)
ta hN\n\v \Inb hymJym\{]Imcw tbip-hns
i-cocw am{Xa hmpIfpw Poh\v \nZm\w Xs-bmWv. Ccw
Nne- ]Z{]tbmKfpsS-- ]n_enemWv- - ao,-- \mw hnizknp \nbafpsS ASnbm[mc Xs \ne-\n-p-sX-Xv F{Xam{Xw A]lmkya!!
C\n- Ch-- hnizknpXv- - t]mse-- GsXnepw-- ]pWy-]pcpjmcpsS Poh\ntem abntem {]Xy\mhm am{Xw ]cnan-
46
XnIfph\mWv- ssZhw Fv hnizknm F\ntXmbmepw

\nhrnbn; ss__nfns\ Ipdnv kmam\y[mcWbph
Cmcyw icnshpsamWv Rm a\nempXv.
{]]sbpw-- AXnep-- kIesbpw-- krn-h\pw
kz-Knsbpw `qanbpsSbpw Imhpamb ssZ-hw a\pjy\n-anXfmb Bebfne hknpXv. (A. {]h\ 17:24) Ft AtmkvXe{]-amWw!
Bcm[\v tbmKy ssZhw am{XamWv Fv ]dbp-tm
Xs- ZnhyImcpWy Bcm[\ ssZhmcm[\ Xs-bmWv Fpw ]dpshpp.-- Fm-- Fs-- ssZhw-- shn-- ]qinb
teml-]m{X-n apdnv shncnp ùXnIhkvXphmsWv
hniz-knm F\nv Ignbn. sh \ndnep ssZhw,
apdnm- Ignbp ssZhw, `np ssZhw.. Cs\sbmcp
ssZhs Rm hmbndn {]hmNImtcm tbipthm F\nv D]tZ-innn. C{X \nkmcambn ssZhs ]cnNbsSp-m icn-bmb Cuizchnizmkw ssIapXembnphv Ignbptam! AXv tbiphns ssZha; AXn\m Xs
tbip-hns A\pbmbn Bb Fs ssZhhpa. ssZhw F
hmv \nmcambn ]dp t]mImdpv \mw. \map-sImp
Cu- `qanbSap At\Iw tImSn koWfmb NcmNcsf krnv IrXyambn ]cn-]menp ssZhsnbmWv
]d-bp--Xv Fv t]mepw Hm-msX...
hniptcmSv {]mYnmtam?
{]mY\-- FXv- - a\pjy\pw-- ssZhhpw-- Xnep-- kw`mjWam-W- v- Fv- - ]dbmdpv.-- As\sbn-- Rm-- hniptcmSv
{]mYn- ptm BcpambmWv kw`mjWw \SpXv ?
Fsbpw Fs ssZhnsbpw CSbn asmcm DmIpXv Rm ssZhn \nv IpdIsebmWv F t_m[w
D-m-m am{Xat D]IcnpI? Hcp ^b- ]m-km--W-san--- a{nsb ]
- cnN-bapsnemtWm- AtXm a{nbpsS ]n.Fsb ]cn-NbapsnemtWm- ao, \apv IqSpX Ddp-mIpXv! a\-n Fv {]bmkfp-sn-epw AXv ssZ-h-
47
tmSv Xpdv- ]dbp-XneqsSbt IqSpX a-\-kam-[m-\w

ssI-hcnI-bpq? CXv Xsbt ao, ss__nfpw ]-Tn-npXv?
""tNmZnphn \nv e`npw At\zjnphn \n
Ispw;-- apphn-- \nv- - Xpdv- - Inpw.-- tNm-Znp Gh\pw
e`npp; At\zjn-ph Ispp; apph\v Xpdv
InpIbpw sNpp. aI A-w tNmZnm Iv sImSpp
Bscnepw \nfn Dtm? AYhm ao tNmZnm ]mns\- sImSpptam? av \ hkvXp sImSpWsav
Zpcmb \n Adnbppshn, \nfpsS kzK\mb
]nXmhv XtmSv tNmZnphv F{Xtbm IqSpX \I
\evIpw.'' (ambn 7:711)
ssZhn\v Xs krnItfmSp _ns BgamWv
ta hN\fneqsS hyamhp-Xv. tNmZn-p GsXmcph\pw \-Im Imncnp \psS ssZhn\v BcpsSsbnepw-- ip-]mi- Bhiyaptm?-- ""XtmS--v tNmZnphvssZhw \-Ipw. ssZhns apn a\pjy Fmhcpw
Hcpt]m-se-b-t.'' (m-\w 6:7)
""Xs lrZb]camYXtbmsS hnfnt]np-hv,
I-mhv kao]\mW.v'' (ko\ 145:18)
Rm hnip hgn {]mYnpIbmsWn Fs lrZb]-camYX BtcmSmbncnpw? hnipcmb \psS ]qIhnI
ssZhtmSv am{Xw {]mYnpshn Rm\pw As\ {]mYnm-- t]msc?-- Rm\pw- Ahsc t]mse ssZhns krnbt?
Fsbpw Ahscbpw Hcp-t]mse Xsbt ssZhw `qanbn
P\nnXv?
""kIensbpw Imhv Bscbpw `bsSpn. henbhs\ am\npn. AhnSpmWv henbhs\bpw sNdnbhs\bpw krnXv. AhnSpv Fmhtcbpw Hcp t]mse ]cnKWnpp.'' (m\w 6:7)
acnpt]mb ]escbw \mw hnip--cmbn KWnpp. acWw
kw`hnh Ayhn[n Znhkw t\mn Ignbp-hcmWv. Ah-
48
km\ hn[n ssZhw {]kv-Xmhntijat Ah \oXnam\mbmtWm-- AtXm-- \oXnclnX\mbnmtWm-- hn[nsXv- - Fv Xocpam\amIq? Hcm hnip Fv {]Jym]nm a\pjy\v Fh-Imiw? Cu temIn- Hcph\v asmcpht\m t{ijvTX
I-]np \Im a\pjy\v F[n-Imcw? acW tijw Ah\h- Xs FhnsSbmIpsav \nbaptm? Hcm- hnip
F-v ]dbptm ssZh-ns Ayhn[nsb t]mepw ]nn-smv kwkmcnpIbt \mw sNpXv !
""AhnSpv acnhcpsSb, Pohn-phcpsS ssZhamW.v''
(amtmkv 12:27)
hnip acnhct! Pohnncn-p- \ ]d-bp--XmtWm ssZhw---- tI-pI-- AtXm-- acnp-- ad-- Ch {]m-Ynp--tXm?
""acnh hn{ianptm Ah-s\ Ipdnp kvacWbpw
Ah-km\n-s.'' ({]`mjI 38:23)
acnpt]mb, hnipm Fp ]dbsSphcpsS, Hma
BNcnm F{X am{Xw [\amWv Hmtcm CShI-bnepw Cv
sN-ehmpXv!
""Poh\p \mb N knwl-s-m t`ZamWtm. ImcWw, Pohnp-hdnbmw X acnpsav. acnhcmIs
H-pw-- Adnbpn. Ahv Hcp {]Xn^-ehpw C\nbn.
Ahsc--Ip-dnp kvacW AkvXann-cnpp. AhcpsS kvt\l-hpw, tZzjhpw, Akqbbpw \in-p Ignp. kqcy\v Iosg
Hnepw C\n-ta A-hv Hmlcnbn.'' (k`m{]kwKI
9:47)
acWw Hcp hmXnemWv. AXneqsS {]thinp Ign-hv
]n-s hnImctfm hnNmctfm C. Ahv Hpw km[ya. Cu `qanbn \nv acnv hnip ]w t\SnbhcpsS nXnbpw CXp Xsbt? Ahv Fs\bmWv Pohnncnphv thn {]mYnm IgnbpI?
_lpssZhhnizmknIfpsS ]e Bibfpw Itm-en
ISsaSpnnt? hnZybpsS tZhn kckzXn, Pen-s tZh,
hcpW Fsms lnp ]dbpXv tInnt? sXmgn-
49
em-fn-IfpsS a[y HutknXmhv, sshZnIcpsS a[y

tPm hnbn, hnZymYnIfpsS a[y tXmakv AIzo\mkv
Fsms {InkvXym-\nIfpw ]dbm XpSnbncnpp! Chtcmfpw Gsd ApX {]hnpIbpw ssZhn\nshcmbn PohnpIbpw sNbvX [mcmfw t] tbiphn\v
appw Dmbncp-nt? tbipthm atsXnepw {]hmNIt\m
GIssZhn hnizkn Bscneptam adp-t]mb AhtcmSmtcmsSnepw {]mY\ A`yYnXmbn tInp-tm!
""Fs hnfnpI, Rm adp]Sn \evIpw.'' (Psdanbm 33:3)
Fnpw B ssZhs t\cnv hnfnm ]n Fv imTyw
]nSnv ip]mimsc tXSnbp ]cw ]mnenemWv \-psSbm-fpI.
t]mv AYhm `qanbnse ssZhw?!
k`bnse Iafpw BNmcfpw Hs Xocpam\np
k`bpsS tae-[nImcn am]mbmWtm! ao, am-]mbpsS
A-[nImc]cn[nI Fsm-sbmsWv Adnbm F\nv
tXm-n. As\bmWv CXpambn _-s Nne ss{IkvXh
teJ-\ hmbnp t\mnbX.v (DZm: Lucius Ferr-aris, Papa,
art. 2, in his Prompta Biblio-theca Canonica, Juridica, Moralis,
The-ologica, Ascetica, Polemica, Rubristica, Historica. (Handy
Library), Volume V, article on Papa, Article II, titled Concerning
the extent of Papal dignity, authority, or dominion and infallibility,
#1, 5, 13-15, 18, published in Petit-Montrouge (Paris) by J. P.
Migne, 1858 edition). F\nv hmbnm IgnXv
C{]ImcamWv:
The Pope is of so great dignity and so exalted that he is not
mere man, but as it were God, and the vicar of God.
As to papal authority, the Pope is as it were God on earth,
Sole sovereign of all the faithful of Christ, chief king of kings, having
a plentitude of unbroken power, entrusted by the omnipotent God
to govern the earthly and heavenly kingdoms.
t]mv- - ssZhst]msebmsWpw-- `qanbnse-- ssZhw XsbmsWpw k` ]TnnppshYw. anv CXwKoIcnm-
50
- Ignbptam?- F\nv- - GXmbmepw-- Ignbn. ImcWw, ss__n

]dbpp: ""Rm\mWv Imhv; AXm-Wv Fs \maw. Fs alXzw Rm ampw \Ip-Ibn.'' (Gim 42:8)
Hence, the Pope is crowned with a triple crown, as king of
heaven and of earth and of the lower regions.
C\n ss__n {inpI:
""\_pZvt\kdmb- Rm Ctm kzKns cmPm-hns\
kvXpXnpIbpw ]pIgvpIbpw alXzsSpp-Ibpw sNpp.'' (Zm\ntb 4:37)
ssZhw kzKns cmPmshv {]hNI ]dbpp. t]mv
kzKns cmPmshv k` ]dbpp. \mw Bsc
AwKoIcn-Ww? Rm {]hmNImcpsS IqsSbmWv. antbm?
The Pope is of so great authority and power, that he is able to
modify, declare, or interpret even divine laws.
ssZhnI \nbafn t]mepw amwhcpm\pw Ah-sb
hym-Jym\nm\pap A[nImcw t]mn\pv Fv k` ]Tnnpp. Fm ssZhns \nba ewLnpIbpw XncppIbpw sNphscpdnv ss__n Xs ]dbpp: ""Ah Fs-pw Fs N BZcnm\pw Xs \nba
A\pkcnm\pw thn Xs.'' (ko\ 105:45)
""Ah \nba ewLnpIbpw I]\Ifn \nv hyXnNenpIbpw-- As\-- imizXamb-- DSSnv- - `wKw- hcppIbpw
sNbvXncnpp.'' (Gim 24:5)
""\nbafpw-- DhZn\fpw-- ampXn\v- - Ah-- B-tem-Nnpw'' (Zm\ntb 7:25). (`qan apgph shnhngp-pIbpw Nhnn
saXnpIbpw sNp \memas arK-am-Wv Ah)
Moreover the superiority and the power of the Roman Pontiff
by no means pertains only to heavenly things, but also earthly things,
and to things under the earth, and even over the angels, whom he his
greater than. So that if it were possible that the angels might err in
the faith, or might think contrary to the faith, they could be judged
and excommunicated by the Pope....
amemJam- sXv sNbvXm Ahsc hn[nm\pw ]pd-mm\p-ap A[nIcw t]mepw t]mn\pt{X!
51
""Fm- tbip- Ahsc- ASpp-hnfnv- C{]Imcw- ]dp:

hn-PmXob-cpsS-- `cWIm- AhcpsSta-- bPam\Xzw ]peppshpw-- Ah-cpsS-- {]amWnI-- AhcpsS-- ta-- A[nImcw-- {]tbmKnppshpw-- \n-dnbmatm.-- Fm \nfpsS CSbn As\bmIcpXv. (ambn 20:2526, amtmkv10:4243, eq 22:2526).
To believe that our Lord God the Pope has not the power to
decree as he is decreed, is to be deemed heretical. The Gloss of
Extravagantes of Pope John XXII, Cum. Inter, title 14, chapter 4,
Ad Callem Sexti Decretalium, Column 140, Paris, 1685. (In an
Antwerp edition of the Extravagantes, the words, Dominum Deum
Nostrum Papam (Our Lord God the Pope) can be found in column
153).
t\mq,-- ]dv- - ]dv- - t]mv- Imhmb-- ssZhw--- XsbmsW-v {]Jym]nncnpp!!!
We declare, say, define, and pronounce that it is absolutely
NECESSARY FOR the SALVATION of every human creature to
be SUBJECT TO THE ROMAN PONTIFF (POPE). POPE
BONIFACE VIII, BULL UNUN SANCTUM, 1302
GsXmcp-- a\pjy\pw-- c-- {]m]nWsan-- t]mn-s A[nImc]cn[nbnembncnWw-- FmWv- - ]dncn-pXv.-- Fm c-- {]m]nm-- sNtXv- - CsXmp-a-- FmWv- - tbip ]d-Xv:
""Poh\n {]thinm A`nejnpsn {]am-W
A\pkcnpI.'' (ambn 19:17)
""kIensbpw Imhv Bscbpw `bsSpn. henbhs\-- am\npn.-- AhnSpmWv- - henbhs\bpw-- sNdn-bh-s\bpw- k
- rnXv.-- AhnSp--v Fmhtcbpw- Hcp-- t]mse ]cnKWnpp.'' (m\w 6:7)
hn{Klsf hWmtam?
BcmWv- ssZhw? shfp XmSnbpw apSnbpap,- taL-fpsS
CSbn \nv Xmtgv t\mp hbmb Bfm-tWm Fs
ssZhw?-- \o-- apSnbp-- kpc\mb-- bphmhm-tWm-- Fs- ssZhw?
52
IncoSw--- sh-- cmPmhmtWm-- Fs-- ssZhw?-- AbpsS-- Inencnp--- IpmtWm-- Fs-- ssZhw?-- {]mhns-- cq]amtWm-- Fs-- ssZhn\v? BcmWv Cu cq]fnep Fs ssZhs Iv
Nn-{Xw hcXv?
AD 726 ss_kss N{Ihn entbm aqma \mSIobamb Hcp I]\ ]pdsSp-hnp. {InkvXphpw ss_kss
N{I-hnamcpw-- Xnep- _n-s- HcSbmfw- FtmWw
AhnsS-- kzW-nep tbiphns Hcp henb cq]w Dmbncpp.--- AXv- - CmXmWw-- Fmbncpp-- I]\.-- AD 7-- 30Fm cq]fpw \nbahncpambn {]-Jym]nsp. {InkvXphnsbpw adn-bnsbpw hnipmcpsSbpw Nn{X- hWp-Xv hn{Klmcm[\ Btbpsav IcpXnbmWv Ah-sbms
Cmbva sNm B ]pd-sSphnXv. AXns `mKambn
km{am-Pyn \nehnepmbncp Fm cq]fpw \innsp. Fm N{IhnbpsS \os am]m A\pIqenn. {]Xn-aIfneqsS hnip-sc hWpXv sXsv 787
\nJymbn ktfn Ggmw FIypsa\n Iukn {]Jym]np.
We define that the holy icons, whether in color, mosaic, or some
other material, should be exhibited in the holy churches of God, on
the sacred vessels and liturgical vestments, on the walls, furnishings,
and in houses and along the roads, namely the icons of our Lord
God and Savior Jesus Christ, that of our Lady the Theotokos, those
of the venerable angels and those of all saintly people. Whenever
these representations are contemplated, they will cause those who
look at them to commemorate and love their prototype. We define
also that they should be kissed and that they are an object of
veneration and honor, but not of real worship , which is reserved for
Him Who is the subject of our faith and is proper for the divine
nature only. ..Rendered image of an icon is in effect transmitted to
the prototype; he who venerates the icon, venerated in it the reality
for which it stands. - The Seventh general council, the second of
Nicea held AD787
53
""apIfn BImintem Xmsg `qanbntem `qan-Snbntem

Pentem D Hntbpw {]Xnatbm kzcq-]-tam \o \nancpXv. Ahv apn {]WanpItbm B-cm-[npItbm sNcpXv . Fsm Rm \ns ssZhamb Imhv
Aklnjv-Wphmb ssZhamWv.'' (]pd-mSv 20:45)
{]-XnaI-- \nanpItb- AcpXv- FmWv- - ]dn-cnpXv.Fnpw-- FpsImmWv- - tbiphnsbpw-- adnbnsbpw-hnip-mcpsSbpw Fmw cq] \n-an-pXv? Nne
]dbpp Cu h
-- N\w-- A\ytZh-m-sc-bm-W- v- DtinpXv- - Fv.-Cu ]dncnp- Fmhcpw-- Xs-- `qanbn-- Dmbn-cp-hcm-Wt-- m! Ah-cpsS--- cq-]sf--- Itmen--- {]-Wan-pnt?-- Ipcnip-Npw-_\
- w I-tmen-m k` AwKoIcnt ZpxJ-shnbmgv \S-pXv?
""Fsm AklnjvWp Fv t]cp Imhv Akln--jvWphmb ssZhw Xs.'' (]pdmSv 34:14)
hn{Klmcm[I--- ]dbpp--- AhcpsS--- {]XnaIfn--- ssZh-kmn[y-apv AXp-sImv AXns\ Bcm[npp Fv. Zn-hyImcpWym-cm[\-- Fv- - ]dp-sIm--v HmkvXn Bcm[nphcpw ]d-bp-Xv C
-- Xp-Xsbt?-- cp-Iqcpw-- X-n- FmWv hyXym-kw?
""ssZhns Bebn\v hn{Kl--fpambn Fv s]mcpam-WpXv?'' (2 tImdntmkv 6:16)
""{]]sbpw AXnep kI-esbpw kr-n-h\pw
kzKn-sbpw `qanbpsSbpw Imhpamb ssZ-hw a\pjy\n-anXfmb Beb-fne hknpXv.'' (A. {]h\ 17:24)
ssZhs-- bYmYn- A\p`hn-dn-- Hcmv hn{Klw
I-m Fv A[nI A\p`hamWv DmIp-X
- v? AkvtXmem tbiphns\-bpw adnbsbpw Hs I-hcmW-tm. Ahcp-sSsbms-- cq]w- \nanpsIm-p-hn-- Fv FpsImv ]dn? ss__n hn-cpamb _lpssZ-hmcm[\bntev
IpmSpIsf-- hgn-\Sp-- ]ptcmlnX-tc,--Cu-- ss__n hmIyw \nsf Ip-dnv XsbmWv:
54
Cu P\s \bnph Ahsc hgnsXn-pI-bmWv.

Ah-cm \bnsSph \inpp.'' (Gim 9:16)
6
ao, CXv
tbiphnstbm ssZhnstbm aXa!
P\\w-- apX acWw hsc tami-bpsS \nb-a- A\p-k-cnmWv tbip Pohn--Xv.
""\nbastbm-- {]hmNImsctbm-- Akm[phmm-\m-Wv
Rm-- hncnpsXv- - \n-- hnNmcncpXv.-- Akm-[p-hmm\ ]qnbmphm\mWv Rm hXv.'' (am-bn 5:17)
""Cu-- {]amWfn-- Ghpw-- \nmcamb-- Hv- - ewLnp-Itbm--- e
- wLnm- aphsc- ]TnnpItbm-- sNph- kzKcmPyn sNdnbh Fv hnfnsSpw.'' (a-m-bn 5:19)
hnizm-kn-I-fpsS- ]nXm-hmb-- A{_l-n-t\mSv sNbvX ]-cntZ\ DSSn apX D]-hmkw hsc tbip ]men-p.
""ssZhw-- A{_mltmSv:-- \nfn-- ]pcpjmscmw-- ]-cntZ\w-- sNWw.-- \n-- A{KNaw-- tOZnWw'-'-- (-- D-]n 17:10,11).
apnaqv hjw Pohnnpw aqv hjs ]cky PohnXImenepw Hcn t]mepw tbip ]cntZ\n\v FXncmbn-- Fsnepw-- ]dXmbn-- ss__nfn-- ImWp-n.-- Fnpw tbiphns\ ImWpItbm tbiphns {]-t_m-[\w tIp-
56
Itbm sNm ]utemkv FpsImv ]p-Xnb \nba

sImphp?
""]utemkmb-- Rm-- \ntfmSv- - ]dbpp,-- \n- ]cn-tZ\w kzoIcnpsn {InkvXp \nv {]-tbm-P\
- s
- SpIbn.''
(Kemnb 5:2)
""]cntZ\w- kzoIcnp-- Hmtcm-- a\pjyt\mSpw-- Rm-- hopw Ddnv ]dbpp, Ah \nbaw apgph ]men-m-
ISsh-\mW.v'' (Kemnb 5:3)
\nban \nv Cfhv e`nm\mtWm ]cntZ\w
kzoIcnm-XncntXv?
""Rm-- \evIp-- I]\ItfmSv- - H-pw-- IqntpItbm
A-Xn--- \nv- - F-snepw-- FSpp-- IfbpItbm-- sN-cpX.v''-- (\nbamh\w 4:2)
Hcp ]pXnb aXw Dmm tbip D-tinncptm? Xm
]menncp-- a-X
- n-- \npw amdn Pohnm tbip ]-Tnntm?
b-lqZ-- ]menncp-- \nb-a-fpw-- BNmcfpw-- ]menmXncnm--- tbip--- t{]cnntm?--- (ambn--- 8:4,-- a-m-bn-- 19:17)-.tbip,
tam-i hgn \I-s- \nbafpw I]\Ifpw ]menn-cp-nt?tbip{InkvXphns A\pbmbn-I BWtm {In-kv-Xym\nI! tbip- h n- s \- A\pIcnph-- BtI- h c- t
{InkvXym\nI? Fn-- tbip-- sN-bvXsXms-- {In-kvXym-\n-Ifpw-- sNt-t? GXv {InkvXym-\n-bmWv- - CXv- - t]m-se-- Pohn-pXv? Rm\ps]-n-cp I-tm-enm-- k`-- tbip-hns\-- A\pI-cn-n--cp-n-.-- AtmkvXe-amscbpw-- A-\p-I-cn-n-cp-n-.-- AtmkvXeam-- tb-ip-hns-- P\-\w BtLm-jn-n-cp--Xm-bn
ss__n-fn ]d-n-ptm? ZpJ-sh-n-bmgvNbpw Ipcn-im-cm[\bpw \S- m tbip ]dtm? As- n-- A- t mkvXeam-- ]dtm?-- ]ns--- B-sc-bmWv -Ah A\p-I-cnpXv? kwibnt, ]utemkns\s! bYmYn
Cu ]utemkv A\pI-c-WtbmKy\mtWm?
""Fsm ssZhns t`mj-w a\pjyscm m\w DXpw, ssZhns _elo\X a\pjyscm-fpw ihpamWv.'' (1 tImdntmkv 1:25)
ssZhs a\pjy\pambn Xmc-Xayw sNmtam? AXv Hmas ssZh-Zqj-Wa
- t? ssZhns t`mjw Fv Dcnm
Xs ]mSptm? ssZh-n-\v _elo\Xtbm? CXnt\-m
57
h-en-b ssZhZqjWw Dtm? tbiphns AtmkvXe Fv

AhImis ]utemkv tbiphns {]t_m[\ tI-nptm? tbip ]TnnXv F-m-Wv? ""ktlmZcs\ t`mj Fp
hnfn-p-h \ymbm[n]kwLns ap-n \ntnhcpw''
(ambn 5:22)
ktlmZcs\ t`mj! Fp hnfn-p--hs nXn CXmWv.
Atm A--csamcp hmv ssZhhpambn tNv ]d-bp
HcmfpsS nXn Fm-bncn-pw! Cs\ ]dbphsc Fp
sN-m\mWv ssZhw ]dXv: ""Im-hn-s \maw Zpjnphs\ sImp If-bWw. kaqlw apgph Ahs\ Is-dn-bWw.''
(tehy 24:16)
{]mY\- ssZhhpambp kw`mj-Wa
- mWv. {InkvXym\nbpsS
IpSpw_-{]mY\bn ssZhs Bcm[nm F{X kabamWpXv? P]amebmWv Cv ss{IkvXhIpSpw_n {]mY\.
P]amebn Anaqv XhW "\\nd adnbta kzkvXn'-Fp-- ]dbptm-- "ssZhta-- kvXpXn'-- Fv F-{X XhW ]dbpp? "apJyZqX\mb hnip anJmtbte' FpXpSpXn-- FhnsS-- ssZhs-- Bcm[npp?-- "]cnip-- cmn' F {]mY\bn-- F-hnsS-- ssZhs-- kvXpXnpp?-- "F-{Xbpw-- Zbbp--amXmth'-- F-- {]m--Y-\bn-- FhnsS-- ssZhs-- kvacn-p-p? adnbs HmpXns \men-sem-p XhWsbnepw adn-bs-- kr-n-- ssZhs-- Hmmdptm?-- X-s-mtftd Xs-krnsbn-- Nnnp--hsc---- \psS-- ssZhw Fs\bmWv
]cn-KWnpI? Nnnm-\p- Ignhpw hyam-b-- sXfnhpIfpw\
- -Inbnpw-- hgn]ngpt]mbhtcmSv- - ssZhw-- F-s\bmhpw s]cpamdpI?
Cs\sbms {]mY\mkabw sNehgnphcpsS CSbn ssZh-s am{Xw Bcm[npIbpw [ym\n-p-Ibpw AhnSptmSv am{Xw ]m]tam-N\w tXSpIbpw sNphsc ssZhw
F{Xam{Xw A\p{Klnppmhpw! Xo-bmbpw Ahp
{]-Xnêw hn-[nZn\n Fm P\XIfpsSbpw ap-msI
e`npXmbncnpw. Av B-pw sXv Xncpmt\m ]ivNm-]n-m-t\m Ahkcw Dmhn. Bpw Bv thnbpw ip]mi sNm I-gn-bmXpw, Bv thnbpw
Bcp-sS-bpw ip]mi kzoIcnsSm-Xp-am-b Znhk-am-bn-cnpw AXv. kzKmtcm-l-Ww sNsncnp--- tbip-- Xs-C-- v- tbiphns\-- ssZhambn-- IcpXn-- B-cm--[n-php
58
adp]Snbpw B Znhkn \ev-Ipw. Asn tbip ]d-Xmbn ss__n ]dbp Cu hm-pIfpsS AYw F-m-bncnpw ""Ap ]ecpw FtmSv tNmZnpw: I- mth,
Imth R \ns \man {]hNnpI-bpw,-- \ns \
- ma-n- ]
-- nimNpsf ]
-- pdmpI-bpw,- \
-- ns-- \m-an \nch[n ApX {]hnpIbpw sNbvXn-t? Atm-
Rm- A
-- htcmSv ]
-- dbpw: R
-- m \
-- n--sf H--- cnepw Adn-nn;
A\o-Xn {]hnphtc, \n Fn \n-p AIv
t]mIphn-.''(ambn 7:22). Xobmbpw ssZhs A-msX
X-s hnfnt]nphsc tbip B- \mfn Xn-dbpw.
ss__n, k`, {]mY\ Fv ]d-p \S-p F{X-t]dn-bmw acn tijw Xs An-Isf kv]in P-Vs
Db]n {]hm-N-I tbiph, Genbm BsWv? "\ns
Ihcpw \n-s kvt\ln\v ]m{Xambhcpw A\p{KloX,
A-h Po-hnpw.' CXv tb-iphns\n ]dX.-- Atm Chscbpw \ Bcm[nt-t?-""Pohnncptmsg t]mse
acW-ti-j-hpw- -Ah-- ApX-- {]h-n-p.''-- CtltmSpw {]mYn-m-tam? ""\mhn\v tX t]msebpw ho-pk-Imcn kwKoXw t]mse-bpw BWXv.'' Fv? ssZhhN-\w
F-m-hpw \psS D-cw. Fm A-X. tPmknbmbpsS
kvacW. tjapw tkpw _lpam\nXcmWv. kr-Sv- n-I
- s
- mw
D]cnbmbn-- BZhpw.-- Cu B-Zs a\pjy Dmnb P]m]w
F-- Bibw-- ImcWw-- tamim-c-\m-b-t-- \mw Inpp? Ch-tcmSpw a[yw tNm-Zntt?
ss{IkvXh IpSpw_n P\n Rm- Hcp {InkvXy anj\dn B-bn-o-sn Fmhcpw k-tmjnpambn-cnpw.
]-t Rm Xncndn kXyw ]dbpIbmsWn-AXv Ahv- - t_m[yambm-- t]mepw-- kaqlw, aph F-sms ]-d-v amn\npw. \ sN-pXpw {]h--n-pXpw Cu ]-d- kaqlsbpw apw ImWn-m\mtWm?-""aphsc-- ImWn-m--- thn-- \n-- Ah-cpsS apn shv
\nfpsS kIa A\p-jvT
- n--m-Xncn-m kqn-ps
- Imp--hn. A-sn \nfpsS kz-K--\mb ]n-Xmhn \n-v {]Xnêan.'' (a-mbn 6:1)
BscbmWv Rm- `bs-tS-Xv? ssZhstbm k-aq-lstbm-? G-Xm-Wv IqSpX {][m\w IpSpw-_ns A-`nam\tam
A-tXm ssZh-n-s ap-n-ep- A`n-am-\tam?
7
HSphn, Rm kXyw
Isn...
Hmtcm hynbpw Ah\v CjvS-am-tb-m-hp PohnXkmlN-cy--fn-em-hn-- P\n-p--Xv.-- IpSpw-_-ns-- aXw-- AY-hm Bib-, BZyw apXt Ah-\n ASn-t]n-s-Sp-p. hf--phcp--X-\p-k-cnv AXv am{X-amWv kXyw F [mc-Wbn-teh-- FntcpIbmWpmhpI.-- ]t-, Nn-e kzbw-tNmZyw sNp-Ibpw- Imc-W- tXSp-Ibpw Dcw Ism {ian-p-Ibpw sNp-p. Nne B {ian hnP-bnp-p.-- Nne-]cm-P-b-s-Sp-p.-- ssZhm\p{Klm-- Rm CXn Hmas Iqn FntcpIbmWpmbXv.
Rms\mcp \ncc kXymt\zjItbm XzNnIfpsS kqnpImcntbm-- Da-- ssZh--`tbm-- Hpa.-- sXpIfpsS-- Iqmcambncpp-- Fs-- PohnXw.-- Fnepw-- BtemN\bn-- ]etmgpw-- BobX-- ISphncpp,-- ssZ\wZn\-- PohnXns Hmtcm
cwKfnepw-- ssZh`bw-- \ndp\nncpp,-- Ayhn[nbn-epw- kzK\cIfnepw hnizknncpp. GsXms Xcn Pohnmepw-- Fsms BZi- shp]penbmepw- ssZhwt\-hgnbnemm-- Dtinsn-- Ah\Xn\p-- amK-hpw
ImWnpw FXn\p sXfnhmWv Fs PohnXw.
60
C-s\-sbms Fgp-tXn hcp-satm AXv ASnv hcpsatm Fsmpw Rm kz]vt\]n Icp-Xn-bn-cp-n-. a\n
Dcw -Inm--- Iptd-- tNmZy--fpm-bn-cp-p;-- kwib-- _mn-- In-Spmbncpp.-- AXn\p-- D-c--,-- ]cnlmc-GsXnepsamcp-- {K-n \nv- - Ism Ignbp-sa-XvA
-- Nnyambncpp-- Amev.-- sh-dptX-- Hp-- hmbnp-- t\m-mw
Fv IcpXn Rm hmbn Hcp {K-ap-v. AXns DS-sn bmsXm-c-dnhpw F\n-p-m-bn-cp-n-. XnIpw A]cn-NnXw. Rm\p-ambn Hcp _-hp-an F-v Rm a\n Ddn-- {Kw.-- hm-bnp--Ign--tm-- Fs a\ns\ B \nan-jtsnepw-- Hcp- IpntXv t]m-sebmn Xo {Kw.
AXm-bn-cpp ]cn-ip Jp-B.
]qs\bn tPmen sNbvXpsImn-cn-p- kabv Hcp]mSv
{ô ssSw Inpam-bn-cp-p. Asms ]e aXsf-nbpw
kwkm-cnncpp. ]mkn, knJv As\ ]e aXfpw. Fpw ss_-_nfnt\bpw {InkvXpaXtbpw apn Xs \nm Rm {ianncpp. Acsamcp kwkmc-n\n-SbnemWv k-lPoh\mc\mb B\ns kwkm-cw a\n XnbXv. ""\n-v F{X-am{Xw ss__nfpv; GIssZhs Bcm[np--Xpw amw hcm hnip {K--apXpw apkvenw-I-mWv.'' apkvenw Iq-p-Im-scms Dsnepw Ckvemanse
GI-ssZhk---]-s-pdndn-bmsanepw F\nv B a-Xsn Hpadnbnmbncpp. A- d nbm {iannpan.
ImcWw, Fsm-s-bmbmepw BZn a\p-jy BZans\ krnXv RfpsS ssZhamWv. t\m-lbpw, A{_lmapw, tPmk^pw,
tami- b pw, ZmhoZpw, tbiphpw Hpanm- aX- s ampw
F\nsmcnepw ssZhn-te-p hgn-bmbn Nn-nm
Ignbp-ambn-cpn.
kplrns BsIbp {]iv\w ss__nfn\v Hntesd
{]XnIfpv F-X
- mWv. AXmsWn C\n amms\mp km[ya Xm\pw. ]nsbp GI-]cn-lmcw JpB\pw Hcp]mSv `n
tIm-n-I-fpsv sXfnbnemWv. Cs\-S-ap B[p\nI kuIcyfp C-m-ev AX{X {]bmkap Imcya
61
Xm\pw. As\tmbn Fs NnI. Cs\v Xsbmbncpp-- BZy-- ]-T\

- amKw. At\zjWw ]ptcmKantm icnpw
sR-ntmbn. CtX Bhiy-hp-ambn Pa\nbnse ayqWnv khI-em-ime, DXn Ghpw ]pcmX\amb I-sgpp{]Xn
apX Cp hscbp 42000 JpB tImnI tiJcnv
Ac \qmv KthjWw \Snbtm Ch Xn Hcp hyXymkhpan F-m-bncpp ]T\êas{X!-- hyXykvXamb A
- t\Iw
-tImnI-an\npI-- sImv InseSpm, ss__n-fns Imcy-n- bmsXmcp {]bmkhpan F Xncn--dnhmWv F-s-Gsd-- N-InXbmnbXv.-- C-Xn\v- - Hp-- kcn-pI-- IqSn-- th; -ho-Sns-- \mep--NpacpInSbnencpp-- Xs- km[yam-hpw FXv JpB-\n-t\m-Sp BZchn\v IqSpX angnthIn.
JpB BZyw apX Ahkm\w hsc hmbnWsa
Xocp-am\-sa-Sp-X
- v AmWv. 2008 Unkw_ 19; Rm\n-p-tampp-, B-- ZnhkamWv- - Fs-- B-Zy JpB hmb\ ]q-nbm-b-Xv.-- ]qWambpw {Klnm ]nsbpw th-nhp amk. Rm-hmbnp;-- ho-pw-- hopw-- hmbnp.-- GtXm-- Hcp BcnIin AsXs hopw ho-pw hmbnnp Fv ]dbp-Xmhpw i-cn.-- Rm-- FmsWpw-- JpB-- Fm-sWpw-- F\nv hy-ambn. A-sX, Rms\s amKw Is-pI-bm-bncpp.
2009 s^{_phcnbn tPmen \-s--tm Rm Hcp]mSp
k-Ssp. F-s-nepw tPmen Innbm aXn Fp I-cpXn
Imskdnepw tIm]tdv m]\fnepsamw At]n-p.
H-pw Innbn. Hcp]mSv hnjanp. ]s ssZhw F\nm-bn Hcp-n-bn-cp- ]Xn FmsWv Rm CmWv a-\nempXv. ssZhw Fs ]-Tn-n-p. AXn\p thn am{Xw Fs
kabw- hn-\ntbmKnm thnbmbncpp tPmen t]mbsXp
Cp Rm a\-n-em-pp. Fm At]Ifpw A{]-Xo-nXambn ]cmPbstm Xn-I- Cm`wKw Fs-- ]nSnIqSn.
ssZhw F\nmbn Hcpnb cm]XnbpsS `mKambncpp-AsXv- - Cv- - Rm-- Xn-cn-dnbpp.-- IqSpX ]Tnm\pw ]TnXv \ho-Icnm\pw Cu kabw thp-thm-fambncpp. tPmen\-
62
ns B\pIqeym Av e`n ka-b-spdnp

Fs [mcW hn[n-hn-izmks Ipdnp ]T\tmsS ]qWambn.
JpB\nse-- Hmas A[ymb-am-b A ^mXnl hmbnp XpSn-b-tm- {InkvXym\nIfpsS kzK\mb ]nXmhv
t]msebmWv B A[ymbn Amlphns\ ]cnNbsSppXv- - F-m-sW\nv- - tXmnbXv.-- cmas-- A[ymbw A
_JdbpsS hnh--\-ns CUIvkn The CowFp
I-tm s]sp ]pdmSp ]pkvXI-n-se kzWw sImp Imf-p-n-sb-bmWv Hma hXv. ]s, ss_-_n- ]pkvXIfn \nv hyXykv-X-am-bn ssZhnI{Kns kXyX hnfntmXnsmmWv JpB\nse B A[ymbw Bcw`npXv Xs FXv F{Xam{Xw ApXmhla! {]kvXpX
A[ymbw XpSpXv Cns\bmWv: ""Aen^v emw aow. CXmIpp {Kw. A-Xn kwibtabn. kqvaX ]m-en-ph-v
t\hgn ImWnpXs{X AXv.'' (2:1,2)
CXnt\m \ Bibw Hcp ]p-kv-XIns BapJn\pw Rm I-n-n. ap thZsf kXys-Spp ssZhnI{Kamb JpB\n hniz-kn-m Blzm\w sNbvXv thZmsc-- (PqXmscbpw {InkvXym\nIsfbpw) {]-tXy-Iambn-A`nkwt_m[\-- sNbv-Xp-sIm-p-- hN\-fpw-- JpB\n-Ism-- Ignbpw.-- ""tl;-- thZ{Kw-- \-I
- shtc, \nfpsS
]ep- th-Zs kXysSpnsm-v \mw A-h-X-cn-n-Xn \n hniz- k n- p- h n- '' (JpB 4:47) FmWv
XZznjbIambn JpB ]dbpXv.
Amlphns ] \nmWv Jp--B AhXoWambXv
Fv A-hI
- m-isSp JpB AXv amcp-sSsbnepw ]
\nmWv AhX-cn-sXn sshcp[y ImWm km[yXbp-spw, AXnmXn\v Im-cWw AXv ssZhnsbSpv
\nm-bX
- msWpw Bhnv hy-ampIbpw sNp-pv.-""Ah-- Jp--B\ns\n-- Nn-n-p-nt?-- AXv- - A-m-lp AmhcpsS ] \n-p--Xm-bn-cpsn AhcXn [mcmfw
ssh-cp-[y Isp-ambncpp.'' (Jp-B- 4:82)
63
CXns\pdnv- - kwibw-- {]ISn-n-p-hsc-- shphnfnpsIm-p-- hN\-fpw-- ImWmw.-- ""\psS-- Zmk\v- - (aplZv

\_nv) \mw-- (Amlp) A-h-Xcnn-psImSpXns\ (hnip
Jp--Bs\) ]n \n kwibmep-fm-sW-n AXntXv
t]m-ep Hcp A-[ym-bsanepw \n- sImphcnI. A-mlphn\v ]pdsa \np k-lm-bn-Itfbpw hnfnpsImpI.
\n kXyhmamcmsWn.'' (JpB 2:23)
]Ishfnw-- t]mse-- hyamb-- Jp-B hN\sf hpw
AcnIpw sh-n-amn DtinXmYn \nv hn-]-co-Xambn hymJym\nm\p {iaw A-Xn-s AhXcWImew apX Xs
i{Xp \Snsmncnppv. am{Xa, kam\Y
[z\nnp h-N\sfsbSpv hniZoIcnv kzbw Ipgn NmSm\pw CXcsc Ipg- - n- NmSnm\psamap
{ia i{Xp- - - nSbn \npw "an{X- 'n- S - b n-
\npw hym- ] Iambn \Sppv. C- m- c yntev
shfnwhoinsmv Jp-B ]d-bpXv C{]ImcamWv: ""(\_n- t b) \n\v thZ{K- w AhXcnnp XncnpXv
Ah\s{X (ssZhw). AXn kp-hy-hpw Jn-Xhpamb
hN\- - f p- v . Ahbs{X thZ{Kns auenI`m- K w.
Bibn kmZriyap Nne hN\fpapv. Fm
a\p- I fn h{IXbph Ipgapmm D- t - i npsImpw, Zp-hymJym\w \Sm B-{Klnp sImpw Bibn km-Zr-iyap hN\sf ]npScpp. A-Xn-s kmm hymJym\w Am-lp-hn-\v am{Xta AdnbpIbpq.- Adnhn
A-SnbpdhcmIs, Ah ]dbpw: R--fXn hnizknncnpp. Fmw R--fpsS cnXmhn \np-XmIp-p. _pnimenI am{Xta B-temNnv a\nempIbpq.'' (JpB
3:7)
JpB, asmcmv sIna-bvm- Ignbp H
Fv kzbw hy-amptXmsSmw ssZh-n--s ]-
\npXm-sWv B-h--nv ]dbpIbpw sNpp. ""Amlp-hn\v ]pdsa (amcmepw) Cu JpB- sInabvsSmhpX. {]XypX AXns app Znhyktis k-
64
Xy-sSppXpw, ssZhnI-{]-am-Wn-s hniZoIcWhpas{X

AXv. AXn bm-sXmcp kwibhpan. temIc-nXm-hn-
\npXmWXv.'' (JpB 10:37)
AsX ao, JpB hmb\bpambn ap-tmp t]mIp
GsXmcmfpw Jp-B-\n-t\msSmw AwKoIcnp t]mhpw Cu
h-N\. ""Xobmbpw bpnam\pw k--h--\p-am-bn-p-hs (ssZhns) ] \n-m-Ipp \n\v JpB \I-s-SpXv.'' (JpB- 27:6)
JpB ssZhnIamsW Imcyw AXns Xs `mjbneqsS hniZo-I-cn-p-- GXm\pw hN\fmWv CXphsc kqNnn-Xv. Fm JpB\ns ssZ-hnIX sXfnbnm\p
ap am\Z---sf ]T\hnt[bamnbm AXv ]pe--ntmcp kq-vaXbpw Bibkp-hy--Xbpw Nnnp
Bscbpw Ap-X-sSpmXncnn; {]tXyInv im-kv-{Xhnjbn. A-cw Imcysf hniZoIcnsgpXpXv CXpt]mep-sm-cp N-bn {]ka FXn\m Xs
JpB\ns imkv{Xob IrXy-X-sb-pdnv ]Tnm Fs
t{]cnn L- S Isambncp- p Fv am{Xw kq- N n- n- v
Amcyw Ahkm\nns.
Um {_uWns Hcp t\mh hm-bn-tm Atlns
ap ]pkv-X-I-sf Ipdnv Adnbm tXmn. A--s\ k`bpw
imkv{Xhpw apJy{]-ta-bamb Angels and Demons hmbnp. imkv{- X\mb Keoentbm, `qansb kq-cy Nppp F k`bpsS-- ]c--cm-KX-- hnizmks-- Xncp-n-sm-- v- `q-an-- kqcys\ Nppp Fv {]-kv-Xm-hn--X-Sap hnjbfmWv t\m-h-ens
CXnhrw. k`bpsS hnizm-k
-
- v FXncmWv KeoentbmbpsS ]T-\- Fp I k`m[nImcnI A-t-ls acWw
hsc hopXSen hp.
Ccw hnjbsfn F\np Xo-sc Adnhnmbncpp.
AtmgmW--v ss_-_nfpw-- imkv{Xhpw Xn s]mcp-t- SpI
Dsp Rm a\n-em-n-bXv. GXmbmepw {]kvXpX hnjb-- {]Xn]mZnp D]n ]pkv-X-Iw Rm HpIqsS
hmbnp. Atm-gm-Wv {inXv, Hmw Znhkw ssZhw ]Iepw-- cm{Xnbpw-- krnp, Fm \memw Zn-hk
- amWv kqcyt\bpw
N{t\bpw-- krnXv- - F-- ]cmaiw-- AXnepv- - F-Xv.-- kqcy\n-
65
msX ]Iepw cm{Xn-bp-tam! lcnX kky `Ww Xmdm-pXv kqcy{]Imins klm-b-m-emsWv Rm

]Tn-npv.-- Fm--- cmw--- Znhkw-- kkysf-- krn--- ti-jw
\memw ZnhkamWv kqcy kr-n-sXv. kqcy DmIpXn\v ap-v kqcy{]Imin \nv lcnX-k-ky- Blmcw
Xmdmntm! ssZhn\v Botony Adnbn Fv hn-iz-kn-mG
- Xmbmepw-- Xcan.-- ]ns,-- BsI-- hnizknm Ign-bp-Xv ssZh-n-s t]cn Amcyw sIn--ah-cpsS Poh-imkv{X-hnm-\w hfsc tim-N-\obamsWmWv!
ss__n Hcp imkv{X{Ka; aX {KamWv Fv Nne
kphnti-j{- ]-tLm-jIm ]dp tInpv. B hm-v Xs
ssZhns-- alXzs-- Ip-dv ImWnpXt? CsXmcp aX
{K-amWv AXpsImv imkv{Xobamb Imcy XmcXayw sNm CXns\ D-]t- bmKncpXv FmWv Dt-in-s
- X-n ImtemNnXambn ]cnjvIc
- n-s-Sp-- imkv{Xhn-hc-sf(A\p-am\sf-b-)-pdnv th{X [mcW-bnm--h-\mWv ssZhw Fv
h-cpw. ssZhns Adnhv h[npItbm IpdbpItbm C,
BZyw apX Ayw hscbp k-hXns\bpw Ipdnv khm-\ap- inbmWv ssZhw Fsmap k-]-n\v
ISIhncpat CsX-mw?
Fm, ss__nfnse Ccw A_sfmpw JpB\n hnn. kr-nns Lsfpdnp {]-tbmKn t]mepw ApXmhlamb Ir-Xy-XbmWv AXv sh-p-]pepXv. Bdp Lfnembn krnv \Sp Fp am{X-ta
JpB ]Tnnppq. ss__nfns\tmse, {]`mXn
Bcw`nv {]tZmjn Ahkm\np km[mcW Znhfmbncpp B L Fv JpB ]Tnnpn. ""Xobmbpw \nfpsS cnXmhv BdpZnhk-fn-embn (Lfnembn) BImifpw `qanbpw kr-jvS-nh\-mb Amlphm-Ip-p''-(Jp--B- 2:31). CXv {]]tm]-nbpsS am{Xw Imcya.
Fm imkv{X ]cmaifnepw Cu IrXyX JpB Impkqnppv, ssZhnI {Kn\v am{Xw AhImisSm
Ignbp IrXyX!
8
{]hmNImscn...
JpB hmbnp htm BZw, t\ml, tami, tbip...
As\- ]cnNbap- Iptd- t]cpI! F\npXambn.- AtXm-sSmw Xm-]cy-hpw IqSn.
BZmans\pdnv Ip. BZyambn krns a\pjy,
A-hs\mpw- Adnbm- hgnbn. Fnpw BZamWv `qanbnep Fmn\pw- t]cnXv- FmWv- ss__nfn- \npRm a\nem-nbXv (D]n 2:20). ]s JpB ]dXv ssZhw BZman\v \masfmw ]Tnnp FmWv. AXp
IqSpX icn-bmbn F-\np tXmn. ImcWw ssZhn\p am{Xsa CXphsc Dhsb ]nbpw C\n hcm\phsb ]nbpw
Adnhpq.
""Ah (Amlp) BZan\v \masfmw ]Tnnp. ]noSv B t]cnhsb Ah aepIv ImWnp. Fnh
Bm]n-p: \n kXyhmamcmsWn ChbpsS \ma F\nv ]dpXcq.'' (JpB 2:31)
]ns ^dthm, tami, sNS, Altdm, C{ktb
P-\w... ssZhta! Atm CsXms Chpw DXmtWm!
blqZcpw {InkvXym\nIfpw Xnse t]mse apkvenwIfpw
{InkvXym-\nIfpw Xnepw _aptm?!
67
t\mlbpsS-- Imev a-- \pjycpsS ]

-- m]fpsS B
-- [nIyw ImcWw ssZhw `qansb \innm Xocpam\np Fp ss__nfn -]dncnpp (-- D]n 6:57).-- ]s ]
-- m]nIfmb B
-- - P\X-tbmSv ssZhs-- ]n t-- \ml ]
-- dXmbn s-- s__nfn ]dbpn. ]dnpw Ah A\pkcnnsn Ahsc \innmw. A
-- msX `-- qan a-- pgph \
-- innpXv \--- ymbamtWm?
AXn\p Dcw F\nv ]cnip JpB Xp.
""\qlns\ Atlns P\Xbntev \mw Ab-p-Ibp-mbn. F-nv Atlw ]dp: Fs P\tf, \n Amlpsh Bcm-[nphn. Ah\msX \nv Hcp ssZhhpan.
Xo-bmbpw `bcamb Hcp Znhks in \np
(hp`-hnpsav)-- Rm-- `bsSpp.-- Atlns-- P\X-bnse- {]am-Wnam ]dp: Xobmbpw \o {]Xyamb ZpamKnem-sWv R ImWpp. Atlw ]dp: Fs P\tf, Fn Zp-amKsampan. ]s Rm temIcnXm-hn- \
-- np Z-- q-X\mIpp. F
-- s c-- nXmhns- k
-- ti-- Rm- \
-- np-- -F-npXcnIbpw, \
-- ntfmSv-- - B-mYambn D]-tZinpIbp-amIpp. \ndnpIqSm
]eXpw Am-lphn \nv Rm Adnbppapv. \np
apdnbnv \IpXn\v- t-- hn-bpw, \
-- n-- kqvaX-- ]menpXn\v thnbpw, \nv Imcp-Wyw \IsSpXn\v
thnbpw \nfpsS cnXmhn \np Hcp Dt_m-[\w \nfn s] Hcp ]pcpj\neqsS \n-v hp-Inn-bXn \n ApXsSpIbmtWm? Fm Ah Atls \ntj[n-p X
-- nfp. A
-- tm A
-- -tlsbpw-Atlns Iq-sSbphscbpw \mw Ien csSppIbpw, \psS ZrjvSm \ntj[npXnfhsc \mw apnsmp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Xobmbpw Ah Acmb Hcp P\Xbmbncp-p.'' (7:5964)
km[mcW Fm P\Xtbbpw ssZhw A\p{KlnpXv
\n-s ]nXmmcpsS tZiw \n\p Xcpw FsmsbmWtm. F-m ss__nfn A{_lmant\mSv _psfbpw
]nXrtZ-isbpw hnpt]mcm\mWv ssZhw ]dbpXv. (D]n 12:1). FpsImv _ptfmsSmap ktmjIcamb PohnXw hn-izmknIfpsS ]nXmhn\v Innbn Fp Rmt\mp. A
-- Xn\pw D-- cw F
-- \np ]
-- cnip J
-- pB X
-- p:-- ""thZ{Kn C_vdm-loans\nbp hnhcw \o ]dpsImSp-
68
pI,- Xobmbpw- At-lw kXyhm\pw {]hmNI\pambncpp.

Atlw- X
- s ]
- nXmhn-t\mSv ]
-- d k
-- `w- ({itbamIpp:)
Fs ]
-- nXmth, t-- IpI-tbm, I
-- mWpItbm s-- Nm,-- Xmv
bmsXmcp D]Imchpw sNm hkvXpsh Xm Fn\v
Bcm[npp? Fs ]nXmth, Xobmbpw Xmv hpInnbnnm Adnhv F\nv hpInnbnpv. BIbm Xm Fs ]npScq. Rm Xmv icnbmb amKw ImWnpXcmw. F
-- s ]nXmth, X
-- m ]
-- nimNns\ -Bcm[ncpXv. Xobmbpw ]nimNv ]caImcpWnIt\mSv A\pkcWanmh\mIpp. Fs ]nXmth, Xobmbpw ]caImcpWnI\n \np
h-- inbpw--Xmsf-- _m[npsav- - Rm-- `bsSpp.-- Atm Xm ]nimNns an{XambncnpXmWv. Abm ]dp:
tl; C_vdmlow, \o Fs ssZhsf thsv shpIbmtWm? \o (CXn \nv) hncanpnsn Rm \ns IsdntmSnpI Xs sNpw. IptdImetv \o Fn
\nv h
-- npamdnsmWw. A
-- tlw (-- C_vdmlow) ]
-- dp: Xmv k
-- emw. X
-- mv t-- hn R
-- m F
-- s c-- nXmhnt\mSv ]m]tamN\w tXSmw. Xobmbpw Ahs\tmSv Zbbph\mIpp. \nsfbpw Amlphn\v ]pdsa \n {]mYnphcphsbbpw Rm shSnbpp. Fs cnXmhnt\mSv Rm {]mYnpp. Fs cnXmhnt\mSv {]mYnpXv aqew Rm
`mKyw sIh\mImXncptmw.'' (19:41-48)
C_vdmlow s {]t_m[\ssiensbnbpw JpB
kqN\ \Ippv : ""C_v d mloant\mSv Atlns
\mYs Imcyn Xnhs\n \obdnnt? Amlp
Ahv B[n]Xyw \InbXn\memWv (Ah\Xn\v apXnXv ) . Fs \mY PohnnpIbpw acnnpIbpw
sNph\mIpp F-v C_vdmlow ]dtm Rm\pw
PohnnpIbpw acnnp-Ibpw sNpphtm FmWh
]dXv. C_vdmlow ]d-p: Fm Amlp kqcys\
Ingp \nv sImphcpp. \obXns\ ]Snmdv \nv
sImphcnI. Atm B kXy\n- t j[nv Dcw
apntmbn. A{IanIfmb P\Xsb Amlp t\hgnbnempIbn.'' (2:258 )
Atlw EPpa\kvI\pw ]cn]qW GIssZhhnizmknbpambncpp F
-- v J
--- pB --- BWbnv ]--- dbppv: ""C_v
--dmlow-- b-
69
lq- Z t\m-- {Inkv X yt\m-- Bbncpn.-- Fm-- Atlw-ipa\n-Xn-mc\pw(Amlphnv) Iogvs]h\pw Bbncpp. Atlw _lpssZhmcm[Icn s]h\m-bncpnpan.''
(3:67)
Zphrnbpw sImcpXmbvaIfpw ssIapXembphcmbmWv ]e ]pWy]pcpjmscbpw ss__n ]cnNbsSppXv.
AXn\v- - H-- mcw-- D--- ZmlcWamWv- - B
----- ZcWob\mb--- temnskw`hw.-- hop-- IpSnpIbpw-- atfmsSmw-- ibnpIbpw-- sNbvX
temns\bmWp ss__nfn ImWpXv. (D]n 19:32-36).
F
-- m J
-- pB-- ]dbpp: ""Ckv
-amCu,-- A bkAv, bq-\pkv,e
- qXzv- - Fnhscbpw- (t\hgnbnemn.) Ahscmh-scbpw \mw
t- emIcns--- hvt--- {ijvTcmnbncnpp.''(--- 6:86)
ssZhhpambn acnp Pbnh FmWp bmtm_ns\]n ss__n ]dbpXv. (D]n 32:28). a\pjykrnsb
ssZhn\XoX\mbn ]cnNbsSpp ss__n hN\tfmSv A
-- Xns A
-- WnIv t--- ]mepw a--- XnpmIpsav R
-- m
hnizknpn. s-- sZhhpambn Gpapm t]mbnv Cu temIv
shv A
-- hs\ I
-- mWms\nepw a-- \pjy\mhptam?s--- sZhs Bcm[npI--- am{Xw-- sNp-- t{ijvT\mb-- Hcp-- a\pjy\mbnmWv- - bmtm_ns\ ]n JpB ]dbpXv. ""ssIcppw ImgvNmSpIfpw Dhcmbncp \psS Zmkamcmb C{_mlow, CkvlmJv, b
--- AvJq_v F
--- nhscbpw-- H-- mpI. \
-- njvIfamb H-- cp-- hnN-mcw sImv \mw Ahsc DIrjvScmnbncnpp. ]ctemIkvacWbs{X--- AXv. X
--- obmbpw A
--- h \
-- psS A
-- Sp sXcsSps Daamcn s]hcmIpp.'' (38:4547)
Cu-- h
-- nizmkw-- X
-- s-- ]
-- nKmanIv I---- qSn s---- sIhcWsav-- B{Kln \nkzmY\mbncpp AtlsamWv Jp-B
]dbpXv. ""F\nv tijw GsXmcp ssZhsbmWv \nB
-- cm[npI, F
-- v b
-- AvJq_v a-- cWw B
-- kamb k-`n
- X s - k XnItfmSv t-- NmZntm - \ nfhnsS-- knlnXcmbncptm? Ah ]dp: XmfpsS Bcm[y\mb, XmfpsS ]
-- nXmfmb C
-- {_mloansbpw C
-- kvamCuensbpw-- CkvlmJnsbpw Bcm[y\mb GIssZhs am{Xw R Bcm[npw. R
- A
-- hv I
-- ogvs]v P
-- ohnphcpambncnpw.-''- (2:133).
Iw ]dbpXpw AXn\p Iqp\nevpXpw sXt? AXv
kzw ]--- nXmhnt\mSv- - I
-- qSnbmbmtem?-- F
-- npw-- -]nXmhnt\mSv- - If-
70
hv ]
-- dv A
-- \p{Klw X
-- nsbSpp b
-- tm_ns\bpw A
-- dt_tbbpw ss__n ]cnNbsSppp. (D]n 27:19).
JpB\n Ghpw IqSpX XhW t]cp ]dncnp
{]hmNI\mWv t-- ami. t-- ami s-- sZhs a-- pJmapJw I
-- p-- kwkmcnp (]pdmSv 33:11, kwJy 12:8) FmWv ss__n ]dbpXv.
Fm C
-- tX s-- s__n X
-- s ]
-- dbpp: "-- "ssZhw A
-- cpfn sNpp, Fs ImWph Pohnncnn'' (]pdmSv 33:20). Cu
cp h
-- mIyhpw H-- tckabw F
-- s\ i
-- cnbmIpw? J
-- pB\pw-- ]dbppv,-- tami- ssZhtmSv t\cnp kwkmcnp Fv. Fm,
ss__nfn \
-- nv h
- yXykvXambn, tamiv ssZhs ImWm
Ignnn Fv AXv hyambns ]dbpp. ""\psS
\nnXkabn\v aqkm hcnIbpw, Atlns cnXmhv
AtltmSv kwkmcnpIbpw sNbvXtm aqkm ]dp:
Fs c-- nXmth, (-- \ns) F
-- \nsmp I
-- mWnpXcq.-- R
-- m\-nssbmv t\mnmWs. Ah (Amlp) ]dp: \o
Fs ImWpIbn Xs. Fm \o B aebntev t\mq.
AXv A
-- Xns
-m\v D-- dp\nm h
-- gnsb \
-- n\ss ImWmw. A
-- s\ A
-- tlns c-- nXmhv ]
-- hXn\v shfnstm-- A
-- Xns\-- A
-- h s-- ]mSnbmn. a-- qkm t-- _m[clnX\mbn
hogpIbpw s--- NbvXp. F
--- nvA
---- tln\v t--- _m[w h--- tm-- Atlw ]dp: \osb{X ]cnip! Rm \nntev tJZnp
aSnbncnpp. Rm hnizmknIfn Hma\mIpp.'' (7:143)
CuPn]vXpImc\pw Cu{kmtbImc\pw hgnSpXv Itm hKt_m[w sImv CuPn]vXpImcs\ sImesSpn
adhp sNp tamisbbmWv ss__nfn ImWpXv. (D]n 2:12). Fm AXp sXmsWp t_m[ysSpIbpw AXn\p a tNmZnpIbpw ssZhntep aSpIbpw sNp
tamisbbmWv JpB ImWnpXv. ""]WhmknI A{icmbncp-- kabv- - aqkm-- AhnsS-- ISpsNp.-- Atm-- AhnsS -cp ]
-- pcpjam ]
-- ckv]cw s-- ]mcpXpXmbn A
-- tlw
Ip. Hcm Xs Inbn s]h; asmcm Xs i{Xphn`mKn s]h\pw. Atm Xs Inbn s]h Xs
i{Xp-hn`mKn s-- ]hsXncn A
-- tltmSvk
--- lmbw-- tXSn. Atm aqkm Ahs\ apjvSnNpcpn CSnp. AXhs IY
Ignp. a-- qkm ]
-- dp: C
-- Xv ]
-- nimNns {-- ]h\n s]XmIpp. A
-- h h
- yambpw h
-- gn]ngnp i
- {Xp- XsbmIpp.
71
Atlw ]
- dp: F
- s- c-- nXmth, X
-- obmbpw R
-- m-- FtmSv
Xs A\ymbw sNbvXncnpp. AXn\m \o F\nv s]mdppXtcWta. Atm Atln\v Ah s]mdppsImSpp. Xobmbpw Ah Gsd s]mdpph\pw IcpWm\n[nbpamIpp. Atlw ]dp: Fs cnXmth, \o F\nv
A\p{Klw \InbnpXp sImv C\n Hcnepw Rm
IphmfnIp klmbw \Iph\mhpIbn.'' (28:1517)
Xs PohnXn h ZpcnXtfmv Hcp \nanjw ssZhs-- ]gnp t-- Pm_ns\n ss__n ]dbptm JpB\n-- ImWpXv- - C{]Imcw:-- ""\psS-- Zmk\mb-- Aq_ns\-- HmanpI. ]nimNv F\nv AhiXbpw ]oU\hpw G]nncnpp Fv Xs cnXmhns\ hnfnv Atlw ]d k`w.
(\mw-- \ntZinp:)--- \ns-- ImepsImv- - \o-- NhnpI,-- CXm! XWpk
-- v\m\Pehpw I
-- pSn\ocpw.'' (38:41, 44)
kJdnbsb-- ]nbpw-- kv\m]I-- tbmlms\-- ]nbpw JpB
]dbpp:-- ""AhnsS-- shv- - kIcn-- Xs-- cnXmhnt\mSv- - {]mYnp: F
-- s c-- nXmth, F
-- \nv \
-- o \
-- ns ]
-- \nv Hcp Da
km\s-- \tIWta.-- Xobmbpw-- \o-- {]mY\-- tIph\mWtm-- Fv- - Atlw-- ]dp.-- As\-- Atlw-- anlvdm_n--- {]mYnp--- sImv-- - \nptm--- aepI--- Atls--- hnfnpsI-mp- ]dp: blvbm (F Ipn)sbn Amlp \n\v
ktmjhm Adnbnpp. Amlphn \np Hcp
hN\s---- icnshph\pw---- t\Xmhpw-- B\nb{Waph\pw- kZvhrcn s] Hcp {]hmNI\pw Bbncnpw Ah.''
(3:38,39)
adnbw P\npXn\p apt AhcpsS amXm]nX {]mYnXv FsWpt]mepw JpB\nepv. adnbns ]nXmhns t]cn Hcp A[ymbhpwBep Cuwdm! ""Cwdms `mcy
]d k`w ({inpI:) Fs cnXmth, Fs hbnepI
-- pns\ \
-- n\mbv D-- gnpshm R
-- m t-- \ t\ncnpp.-- BIbm-- Fn-- \nv- - \o-- AXv- - kzoIcntWta.--- Xobmbpw\--- o (-- Fmw) t-- Iph\pw A
-- dnbph\pas{X.-- Fnv {-- ]khntm A
-- h ]
-- dp: F
-- s c-- nXmth, R
-- m-- {]khn Ipn s]mWtmFm Amlp Ah {]khnXns\n IqSpX Adnhph\s{XBWv s]ns\tmseb.
BI
-- pnv R
-- m a-- bw F
-- v t-- ]cnncnpp. i
-- ]ns-- ]nimNn-
72
\npw Ahsfbpw AhfpsS kXnIsfbpw cnphm\mbn R

-- m \
-- nn i
-- cWw-- {]m]npIbpw s-- Npp.'' (-- 3:35,36)
]cnip JpB\n ]dncnp Htcsbmcp kv{Xo\maamWv adnbw. adnbn\v F{Xtmfw m\w sImSpWw
FXns\]n Itmencpw ap {InkvXym\nIfpw Xnp kabw ss{IkvXh Xosc AwKoIcnm {ianmXncnp Ckvemw a-- dnbn\p -\Inb- -t{ijvTX -Ip R
-- m- icnpw ApXspt]mbn.- J
-- pB\nse 1-- 14-- A
-- [ymbfn H-- cp-A[ym-bw X
-- sbpw B
-t-- ]cnepv (-- A[ymbw 1-- 9, a-- dnbw). ]
-- cnip-- Jp-B\n 3-- 4 {-- ]mhiyw a-- dnbw F
-- t-- ]cv I
-- mWmw. a-- plZv-\_n-bpsS a-- mXmhnstbm k
-- tlmZcnbpsStbm `-- mcybpsStbmt]cv JpB\n C. adnbs]n F\ndnbmXncp ]e
Imcy-fpw R
-- m J
-- pB\neqsS A
-- dnp.""As\
--A
-- hfpsS-(a-bans) c-- nXmhv A
-- hsf \
-- \
-- nebn k
-- zoIcnpIbpw,- \ \n- e bn - h fnsmp - h cnIbpw, AhfpsS
kwcWpaXe Ah kIcnmsb G]npIbpw
sNbvXp. anlvdm_n ({]m-Y\mthZnbn)-- AhfpsS-- ASp-kIcnm-- ISp-- sNptm-sgmw AhfpsS ASpv Fsnepw Blmcw Ispambn-cpp. Atlw tNmZnp: abta, \n\v FhnsS \nmWnXv InnbXv? Ah adp]Sn ]dp. AXv Amlphn \nv e`npXmIpp. Xo-bmbpw Amlp Xm Dtinph-v I
-- Wpt\mmsX \Ip-p.'' (3:37)
]cn-ipK`w- [cnp k`s JpB hnhcnpp:
""Ah (- abw) ]
- dp: F
- s c
- nXmth, F
- \nv Fs\bmWv IpnbpmhpI? Fs Hcp a\pjy\pw kv]innntm.
Amlp-- ]dp:-- As\sbmIpp.-- Xm- DtinpXv
Amlp k
-- rjvSnpp. A
-- h H-- cp I
-- mcyw X
- ocpam\np-- Ignm
AXnt\mSv D-- mIq! F
-- v ]
-- dbpI a-- m{Xw s-- Npp. A
-- tm
AXpmIpp.'' (3:47)
{]khm\cw Ipnt\bpambn kaqlnendp adnbbpsS N
-- n{Xw J
-- pB `-- wKnbmbn h
-- nhcnpp. "-- "A\cw-- Ahs\(Ipnsb)bpw hlnpsImv Ah Xs BfpIfpsS ASp-v sNp. A
-- h ]
-- dp: a-- bta, B
-- t]Icamb H-- cp I
-- mcyw-- X-sbmIpp \o sNbvXncnpXv. tl; lmdqs ktlmZco, \ns ]
-- nXmhv H-- cp- N
-- o- a-- \pjy--\mbncpn. \
-- ns a-- mXmhv-
73
-Hcp Zp\S]Snmcnbpambncpn. Atm Ah Ahs

(Ipn-bpsS) t-- \sc N
-- qnmWnp.A
--- h ]
-- dp: s-- Xmnenep-Hcp IpntbmSv R Fs\ kwkmcnpw? Ah (Ipn)
]d-p: R
-- m-- Amlphns-- Zmk\mIpp.-- Ah F
-- \nv- - thZ{K-w \IpIbpw Fs Ah {]hmNI\mpIbpw sNbvXncn-pp. Rm FhnsSbmbncpmepw Fs Ah A\pKrlo-X\mnbncnpp. Rm Pohnncnp Imea{Xbpw
\a-kvI-cnphm\pw kImv \Iphm\pw Ah FtmSv
A\pimkn-pIbpw sNbvXncnpp. (Ah Fs) Fs
amXmhnt\mSv \ \
-- nebn-- s]cpamdph\pw-- (Bn-bn-cn-pp)--. Ah-- F-s \njvTqc\pw `mKywsIh\pamnbnn.
Rm P\n Znh-khpw acnp Znhkhpw Poht\msS F-gpt]nsSp Znhkhpw Fs ta imn Dm-bn-cnpw.'' (19:2733)
tbip{InkvXp a--- \pjycpsS ]
-- m]p t-- hn I
-- pcnin-- Xqn a-- cnp F
-- mWv a-- nbSw F
-- s ]TnnXv. H-- mtcm t\mpImepw Ipcnins hgnbn tbiphns ]oUm\p`hw [ym\np R
- m F{X- Icncnpp.-- ap kabfnepw Rm tbip
kln thZ\ Hmp Icbpambncpp. Hcp sXpw sNmsX
tbip Fpam{Xw thZ\ klnp! Fm Cu B]oU\fpsS-- -kmwKXyw-- -tNmZywsNp--- -hn[nembncpp-- ss__nfn-se hN\. \nbamh\w 24:16 Cs\ hmbnpp:
""ap t-- hn ]
-- nXmmsctbm ]
-- nXmmp t-- hn-- asftbm h[ncpXv. ]m]n\p acWin Ah\h
Xs A\p`hnWw.''
Xon:-- ""]m]w-- sNph-- am{Xambncnpw-- acnpI.-- ]p{X-- ]nXmhns-- XnIpthntbm-- ]nXmhv- - ]p{Xs-- XnIp thntbm innsSpIbn. \oXnam Xs \oXnbpsS êhpw Zp Xs ZpXbpsS êhpw A\p`hnpw.''
(Fkntb 18:20)
""acn Xqsh ssZhm i]nsh\mWv.''
(\nbamh\w 21:23)
ssZhns a-- pn H-- cp s-- Xpw s-- NmsX F
-- mn\pw-- ssZhn B{ibn tbiphns\ a\pjycpsS apn i]nsh\mptam ssZhw? sXp sNbvX Imtbs\ sImphs ta
Ggncnbmbn {]XnImcw sNpsap ssZhw ]dbpp. (D]-
74
n 4:15). Fnpw \njvIf\mb tbiphn\v C{Xbpw {Iqcamb

acWw Fn\p hn[np!
Fm JpB ]dbpp: ""Amlphns ZqX\mb, abans- aI akolv Cukmsb R sImncnpp Fh
]dXn\mepw (Ah i]nsncnpp). hmkvXhn
Atls--- Ah-- sImesSpnbnpan,-- {Iqinnpan.---- ]s (bmYmYyw) Ahv XncndnbmXmhpIbmWpmbXv.
Xobmbpw-- Atlns-- (CukmbpsS)-- Imcyn-- `nnh AXns\n kwibn XsbmIpp. Dulmt]mls
]npScpXmsX A
-- hv A
-- mcysn b
-- msXmcp-- Adnhpan. Ddmbpw Atls Ah sImesSpnbnn. Fm Atls Amlp Ahtev DbpIbs{X sNbvXXv. A
-- mlp {-- ]Xm]nbpw b
-- pnam\pamIpp.'' (-- 4:157,158)
tXmdbnse ]e \nbafpw tbiphns hcthmsS Zp_esp FmWv ss__nfns A\pbmbnI hnizknpXv;
tbip-- AXn\v- - hncpambmWv- - ]TnnsXn-- IqSn.-- F
-- m-JpB\ns ]cmaiw-- t\mq:--- ""Ahsc (B {]hmNIamsc)
pSv AhcpsS Im]mSpIfnembnsmv abans aI
Cukmsb Xs apnep Xudmns\ icnshph\mbnsmv- - \mw -\ntbmKnp.--- kamK\ntZihpw,-- kXy{]Imihpw-- ASnb-- CPoepw-- Atln\v- - \mw-- \In.-- AXns-- apnep Xudmns\ icnshpXpw, kqvaX ]menphv kZp]tZihpas{X AXv.'' (5:46)
tbip ssZh]p{X\msWpw ssZhw {XnssXzIamsWpw
]dbphtcmSv JpB ]dbpp: ""abans aI akolv
XsbmWv A
-- mlp F
-- v ]
-- dh X
-- obmbpw-- AhnizmknIfmbncnpp.- -Fm a-- kolv -]dXv; C
-- {kmbo-- kXnI-tf, Fsbpw \nfpsSbpw cnXmhmb Amlpsh \n
Bcm[nphn. AmlpthmSv hh\pw ]ptNp ]w
Xobmbpw- Amlp Ahv kzKw \njnampXmWv.
\cIw Ahs hmkeambncnpIbpw sNpw. A{IanIv klmbnIfmbn Bcpw Xsbn. FmWv. Amlp aqhcn HcmfmWv Fv ]dh Xobmbpw AhnizmknIfmWv.
GI Bcm[y\msX bmsXmcp Bcm[y\pw C Xs. Ah
B ]dbpXn \nv hncannsn Ahcn \nv Ahnizknhv t--- hZ\tbdnb-- in-- _m[npI--- Xs--- sNpw.''
75
(5:7274)
P\np Hmtcm a\pjysbpw ]m]n\p ImcWw BZw
BsWmWv Rm sNdpw apXte ]TnXv; A, As\bmWv ansbs ]TnnXv. Fm ]m]n BZmans\
]m]tamN\w \In {]hmNImcpsS KWn s]Spp
ssZhtbmWv JpB ]cnNbsSpnbXv. hop IpSnp
D\mb t\mlsb ss__n ImWnpp. Fm Xn
sNp `mcysb t]mepw Dt]n t\mlsb JpB ImWnpXp. hnhmlnXbmb Hcp kv{Xosb kzamm AhfpsS
`mhns\-- sIm-- ZmhoZv- - cmPmhns\-- ss__n-- ImWnptm, k
--- o\ \--- Is {-- ]hmNI\mbn B
-- a-- lms\ JpB ]cnNbsSppp. tkmfa cmPmhv hntZi h\nXIsf
IeymWw I
--- gnbmfpw-- hn{Klmcm[I\pamsWp-- ss__n-]d- b ptm t{ijv T cmb {]hmNImcpsS IqnemWv
Atl-s JpB tNncnpXv.
ktlmZcs\ t`mjm! Fp hnfnph \ymbm[n] kwLn\p ap]n \ntnhcpw Fv tbip ]dXmbn
ss__n ]dbpp. "I]S\mSymsc'pw "AWen kXnI' Fpw ^cntkbtcbpw \nbascbpw hnfnp tbiphns\bpw s-- s__n X
-- s h
-- cv I
-- mWnpp. C
-- hnsS X
-- m-- P\sf D-- ]tZin-- Imcyw-- -tbip-- k
-- zbw-- sXnpp.-- Fm-- JpB hnhcnp tbipIYbn Ccw sshcp[ysfmpan. AtXkabw, tbip ssZhamsWp ]dbp ss__nfn
t]mepw ]dbm almb ApX{]h\ tbip
\SnbXmbn JpB ImWnpp.
{InkvXym\nIfnse-- Nne-- adnbs-- tbiphns\-- HmpXns\m A[nIambn Hmpp. ap Nne adnbw I\yIb
thsdbpw a Dv Fv m]nm {ianpp. blqZcmIs, adnbns PmckXnbmWv tbip Fp t]mepw ]dbpp (XaqZv). Fm adnbns I\yImXzn\p sXmnenI
-- nSpsImv t-- bip- Xs kmyw \InbXmbn JpB
]dbpp. Rm ]Tnp hf {]hmNImp ss__nfns\m IqSpX m\w \IpXv ]cnip JpB\msWp
HSphn -Rm a-- \nemn. ""a\pjy Hscm kapZmb-ambn-cpp. A
-- \cw (-- Ah `-- nntm h
-- nizmknIv)-- k-tmjhm- A
-- dnbnphm\pw, (-- \ntj[nIv)-- XmoXv- - \-Iphm\p-
76
am-bn Amlp {]hmNIamsc \ntbmKnp. Ah (P\-)

`nn hnjbn XopI]nphm\mbn AhcpsS IqsS-kXythZhpw-- Ah-- AbpsImSpp.-- Fm-- thZw-- \-Ish-- Xs-- hyamb-- sXfnhpI hpInnbXn\p tijw
A-Xn-- (thZhnjbn)-- `nnnpXv- - Ah-- Xnep-- am-cyw a-- qeamsX-- asmpsImpa.-- Fm-- GsXmcp-- kXyn-- \nv- Ah `nnIpthm B kXyntev Amlp
Xs-- Xm]cy{]Imcw-- kXyhnizmknIv- - hgn ImWnp. Xm
Dtinphsc- Amlp icnbmb ]mXbntev \bnpp.''
(JpB 2:213) Cmcys ASnhcbnp ]dbptXmsSmw {]hmNImnSbn bmsXmcp hnthN\hpan Fv AknKv[ambn
]Tn-npI IqSn sNppv JpB: ""(\_ntb,) ]dbpI:
Amlphnepw Rv AhXcnnsXn(JpB)epw,
C{_mlow, Ckva
- mCu, CkvlmJv, bAvJq_v, bAvJq_v kXnI Fnh-v A
-- hXcnnsXnepw, a-- qkmbvpw C
-- ukmbvpw a-- p {]hm-NIampw XfpsS cnXmhn
\nv \IsXnepw R hnizknncnpp. Ahcn
BnSbnepw R hnthN\w I]npn. R
Amlphn\v Iogvs]hcm-Ipp.'' (JpB 3:84)
9
tbiphns ]nKman
ao, {]hmNImcneqsS ssZhw \Inb hN\ a\pjys-- C-Ss]S-- ImcWw-- XncpsSpIbpw-- shn-pcp-s-Sp-Ibpw IqntsSpIbpw sNbvXp. Ahkm\ambn Xs hN\- \Im ssZhw XncsSp {]hmNI\mWv aplZv
\-_n. ssZhlnXn\\pkcnv Pohn a\pjy FXnep]cn Aam\pjnIamb Hpw Xs aplZv \_nbpambn
tN-v ]dpInn.
""aplZv- A
- mlphns- H
- cp- Z- qX- am{XamIpp.- Atln\v appw ZqXam Ignpt]mbnpv. Atlw acWsSpItbm sImsSpItbm sNbvsXn \n ]pdtImv Xncnpt]mIpItbm?-- Bscnepw-- ]pdtImv- - Xncnpt]mIp-- ]w
Amlphn\v Hcp t{Zmlhpw AXv hcppIbn. \nImWnphv Amlp XXmb {]Xnêw \IpXmWv.'' (Jp
B 3:144)
ss__nfn \apv Cs\ ImWmw:
""\nfpsS \
-- v t-- hnbmWv R
-- m t-- ]mIpXv.--R
-- m-- t]mIpnsn klmbI \nfpsS ASptep hcnI-bn.''
(tbmlm 16:7)
78
BcmWv Cu klmbI? \ Dtinncp ]cnipmmthm? tbip t]mbm am{Xta ]cnipmmhv hcnIbpp?

F-n tbip Dtmgpw AXn\p ap]pw DmbncpXv GXv
B-mhmWv? AYhm BcmWv?
""Ahs-- ]nXmhmb-- kJdnbm-- ]cnipmmhn\m \ndp
{]h-Nnp.'' (eq 1:67)
""Fenk_v ]cnipmmhv \ndhfmbn.'' (eq 1:41)
""ssZhns-- Bmhv- - IpSnsImp-- Chs\- t]mse asmcp
a\pjys\ Ism \apv Ignbptam?'' (D]n 41:38)
""Imhns Bmhv KnsZtbm\n Bhknp.'' (\ymbm[n]m 6:34)
XmsgsmSpncnp- ]gb\nba{]hN\-- tbiphns\-pdn-msWv ]dbsSpp.
""ZmhoZns- knwlmk\nepw-- Ahs-- cmPynepw-- Ahs
B[n]Xyw ---- \noaamWv;---- Ahs--- kam[m\w-- A\hpw.-- \oXnbnepw-- [anepw-- Ftpw AXp m]np ]cn]menm
X-s.'' (F-i-m 9:7)
""CXv Rm Xmp Fs Zmk, Rm XncsSp
F-s {]oXn]m{Xw. Rm Fs Bmhns\ Ah\p \In;
Ah P\XIv \oXn {]Zm\w sNpw.'' (Fim 42:1)
""NX RmW Ah apdnpIbn; anb Xncn sISppIbpan. Ah hnizkvXXtbmsS \oXn ]pepw.'' (Fim 42:3)
Fm tbip Xs asmcp klmbI \oXnsbpdnv
Adnbnpw Fv ]dbpp.
""Ah hv ]m]spdnpw \oXnsbpdnpw \ymbhn[nsbpdnpw temIs t_m[ysSppw.'' (tbmlm 16:8)
As\sbn-- Fi-- 42:1-- Cu-- klmbIs\pdnmhn-t?
tbiphpw Fimbpw {]hNnXmscpdnmhpw?
""Ah k
-- zta[bm B
-- bncnn k
-- wkmcnpXv. A
-- h-tIp-Xv a--- m{Xw k
--- wkmcnpw.'' (--- tbmlm 16:14)
79
Cu klmbI ]cnipmmhv BsWn, ssZhn

\nv tI Fp ImcyamWv a\pjysc AdnbnXv? Fp Imcyw
GXp kaqlns ap]nemWv ]dXv?
""As\ Ah Fs alXzsSppw.'' (tbmlm
16:14)
alXzsSppI- F-- hmn\v -ssZhampw-- FYan-tm!
tamisb-- t]mse-- Hcp-- {]hmNI-- F-- hntijWw BmWv
tbmPnpXv?
""Imhv apJm`napJw kwkmcn tamisb t]mse asmcp
{]hmNI ]noSv C{kmtben Dmbnn.'' (\nbamh\w 34:10)
tbip-- C{kmtben \nmWtm. Fm tamisb t]mep-- {]hmNI-- C{ktben-- Dmhn-- Fp-- ss__n-- ]dbpp.-- AXpImcWw-- Xs-- tamisbtmse-- Hcp-- {]hmNI-- (\nbamh\w 18:14) F {]hN\w tbiphns\pdn Fp hyamWv. cpt]cpw blqZcmbncpp FmsX asv kmayamWv tbiphpw tamibpw XnepXv! Fn ]ns AXmcmWv? C{kmtben Dmbnnsn ]ns FhnsSbmWv
DmbXv?
B {]hmN aplZv \_n At? tamisbtmse km[mc-W P\\w, tamisbtmse IpSpw_PohnXw. Xs P\XsXn-sc- b
-- pn\-p h
-- htcmSv- -s-- ]mcpXn.- A
-- hkm\w t-- amisbtmse km[mcW acWhpw hcnp. tamibpambn tbiphn\p-Xnt\ IqSpX kmayw aplZv \_nt? JpB ]dbpXv t\mq:
""(AXmbXv)-- XfpsS ]ep Xudmnepw CPoenepw
tcJsSpsXmbn-- Ahv (--- -- PqXmpw-- {InkvXym\nIpw) Ism Ignbp B Acm\anm {]hmNI\mb ssZhZqXs\ (aplZv \_nsb) ]n]phv (B
ImcpWyw-- tcJsSppXmWv).-- AhtcmSv Atlw kZmNmcw
I]npIbpw,-- ZpcmNmcn-- \nv A
-- hsc-- hnepIbpw-- sNpp. \ hkvXp Ahv A\phZ\obampIbpw, No-
80
hkvXp AhcpsS ta \njnampIbpw sNpp. AhcpsS- `mcfpw-- AhcpsS- taepmbncp- hnepIfpw- Atlw
CdnshpIbpw sNpp. Atm Atln hnizknpIbpw A
-- tls ]
-- npWpIbpw k
-- lmbnp-Ibpw-- AtltmsSmw- AhXcnnsnp-- B- {]Imi-s--- ]n]pIbpw sNbvXhcmtcm, Ah XsbmWv hnPbn-I.'' (7:157)
""Ap-- Imhv A{_lmant\mSv Hcp DSSn sNbvXp: \ns km\-- ]ccv-- - Cu-- \mSv- - Rm-- Xncnpp.-- CuPn]vXv
-\Zn a-- pX a-- lm\Znbmb b
-- q{ôkv h
-- scbp
-e.''-- (D]-n 15:18)
BcmWv Cv Cu efn hknpXv?
""hopw-- Rm \ntfmSv ]dbpp, Ingv \npw ]Snmdv
\npw-- \nch[nbmfpI-- hp-- A{_mltXmSpw Cklmnt\mSpw bmtm_nt\mSpw IqsS kzKcmPyn hncpncnpw.''
(ambn 8:11)
hywKymYw Bbmepw hmNymYambmepw BcmWv CXn\p
tbmPnpXv?
10
kIe {]hmNImcpsSbpw aXw
BZw-- apX-- aplZv- - hscbp-- Fm-- {]hmNImcpw-- t\mlbpw A{_lmapw tamibpw tbiphpw Fmw Ckvemw aXw
(GI kXyssZhn\p kqW ka]Ww) BWv ]TnnXv.
""thZmtc, C{_mloans Imcyn \nsfn\mWv
XnpXv?-- Xudmpw-- CPoepw AhXcnnsXv Atl-n\p-- tijw-- am{XamWtm.-- \nsf-mW-v- NnnmXv?''(JpB 3:65)
""(\_ntb,) \qln\pw Atlns tijap {]hmNIampw-- \mw-- ktiw \InbXv t]mse Xs \n\pw \mw
ktiw \Inbncnpp. C_vdmlow, CkvamCu, CkvlmJv, bAvJq_v. bAvJq_v kXnI, Cukm, Aq_v, bq\pkv,
lmdq, kpsseam Fnhpw \mw ktiw \Inbncnpp.--- ZmhqZn\v- - \mw-- k_q-- (ko\w)-- \In.''---- (-JpB
4:163)
""\ns cnXmhv BImifnepw `qanbnepw Dhscn
\hw-- Adnbph\s{X.-- Xobmbpw-- {]hmNIamcn-- Nnev- N
--- netcm- \
-- mw- t-- {ijvTX- \--- Inbnpv.- Z-- mhqZn\v- \
-- mw-- k-
82
_q F
-- t-- hZw \
-- IpIbpw sNbvXncnpp.'' (Jp-B 17:55)
""`qanbpsS A\cmhImisaSppXv Fs kZvhrcmb
Zmkamcmbncnpw Fv Dt_m[\n\v tijw \mw k_qdn t-- cJsSpnbnpv.''(JpB 21:105)
""Xudmpw,- CPoepw,- Ahv- AhcpsS- cnXmhn
\nv- AhXcnns- ktifpw- Ah- t\cmwhw \ne\nnbncpsn XfpsS apI`mKv \npw, ImepIv Nphn \npw Ahv Blmcw e`npambncpp. AhcnX
-- s-- anXXzw- ]menp Hcp kaqlapv. Fm Ahcn
A[nIw t-- ]cpsSbpw {-- -]h\ h
-- fsc N
-- o X
-- s.''-- (JpB 5:66)
ss__nfpw JpB\pw aptmpshp {]hmNIm[ym]\tfmSv \
- oXn ]
-- pen P
- ohnpXv {- InkvXym\nIf,- {]XypX
apkvenwIfmWv F
-- v G
-- Xv \
-- njv] \
-- ncoI\pw t_m[yamIpw. Fm {]hmNImcpsSbpw PohnXamXrI DbnnSnpXv Ckvemw BsW hkvXpX Rm ]Xps a\nemn.
{InkvXym\nIv {-- ]hmNImcpambn _
-- ap-Xv t-- ]cn-- am{XamWv. G
--- Xm\pw- D-- ZmlcW ]
-- cnKWnpI:
]eni \ntcm[\w
""]eni Xnph ]nimNv _m[ \nanw adnphogph FgptpXv- - t-- ]msebmsX-- FgptpIbn.
I-hShpw- ]eni- t]msesbmWv- Fv Ah ]dXns- êas{X- AXv.- Fm- IhSw- Amlp- A\phZnpIbpw- ]eni \njnampIbpamWv sNbvXnpXv.'' (JpB
2:275)
""Ah ]eni hmpItbm em`saSppItbm sNpn.''
(Fkntb 18:8)
""\ns-- ktlmZc\v- - Hpw-- ]Wtam-- `ykm[\tfm-- as-s--neptam--- -- ]enip-- sImSpcpX.v''-- (\nbamh\w 23:19)
]eni-- \njnamsW- Imcyw-- \apdnbmtam? Adnmepw
\mw ]menptam? ]eni hmpXv sXmsWn sImSppXpw-- sXp-- Xsbt?-- sImSpm\mfpXv- sImt--
83
hmp-Xv?
]cntZ\w
""]cntZ\w-- sNsSm-- ]pcpjs\ kaqln \npw
]pdWw. Ah Fs DSSn ewLnncnpp.'' (D]n 17:14)
Cu I]\ C{X\mftv Fptm? CXn\n ]mentXnm Fv tbip ]dtm? ]nspsImmWv {InkvXym\nI CXp ]menmXv? Cpw CXp ]menpt]mcpXmcmWv?
A`nhmZ\ coXn
""\n Hcp `h\n {]thinptm AXn\p kam[m\w BiwknWw.'' (ambn 10:12, eqm 24:36)
\- CXv ]menpptm?-- ]ckv]cw-- ImWptm "\ns
ta kam[m\w' (Aemap AsseIpw) Fv ]dbp apkvenwIft Cu I]\bpw ]menpXv?
\akvImcw
ss__nfnse-- {]hmNIm-- kmmwKw- hoWv {]mYnXmbn
\apv ImWmw(D]n 17:3, ambn 26:39). \psS {]mY\bn As\mptm? Fm AdnbpI, apkvenwIfpsS \akvImcn AXpv.
Cs\-- F{Xsb{X- DZmlcW!-- tbip-- D]hknX-- vt]m-sebmtWm {-- InkvXym\nI D-- ]hknpXv?-- t-- bip-- t]mbncp B
-- cm[\mebn-- c
- q]fpw- N
- n{Xfpw- Dmbncptm?D
- hZn\-- N{s\-- t\mn-- \nWbnpp.-- ({]`mjI- 43:7).-Cs\bmtWm \
- psS Dh Zn\ \nbnp-Xv? Fm
Imcynepw I\ymadnbns\ amXrIbmWw F- p
]dbph-- FpsImv- - hkv{X[mcWhpw-- AXp t]msebmpn? I\yadnbs Xe adm Hcp cq]n Nnnm-t]mepw-- \apmhpn.-- AXp-- \X-- F tXm sImpXsbt?-- Fn, aphv Zpjvt{]cW \Im CSbp
icocw--{]ZinncpXv- - FImcyw FpsImmWv a\]q-
84
hw-- AhKWnsSpXv?-- ss__nfn-- Xs-- kv{XoIfp-sS-intcmhkv{Xsn-- ]dnptm.-- (D]n 24:65).- amXmhv i

-- cochpw i
-- ncpw a-- dm A
-- Xv D-- XvIrhpw R
-- m A
-- Xv- - sNbvXm A
-- ]am\hpw B
-- IpsXs\?
GsXms amwkamWv A\phZ\obambXv Fv ss__n
IrXyambn h
- niZoIcnpp. (\nbamh\w 14:8). tbip AXns\ FXnXmtbm AXn amw hcpnbXmtbm ss__n
]dbpn.-- ]nspsImmWv- - {InkvXym\nI ssZhw AcpXv
Fp-- ]d-- ]namwkw-- `npXv?-- AXn\v- - thn-- ckmnIfmbh t--- ]mepw D-- sncnt! (-- 2 a-- _mb 7-- :142)
Ckvemw F hmns AYw kam[m\w, ssZhn
kqWkaWw FsmsbmWv. AYw Adntm
C-kvemw F hmp t]mepw Fs Hcp]mSp ApXsSpn.
ImcWw, ap aX hynIfpsS t]cnemWtm AdnbsSpXv.-- {InkvXpaXw-- {InkvXp-- F-- hmn-- \npw,-- blqZaXw
bqZ F hmn \npw _paXw _p F t]cn \npsamsbmWtm DmbXv!
Ckvemw-- ASnm\]cambn-- kwkmcnpXv- - ssZhs
Ip-dnmWv. JpB\ns `mjbmb Ad_nbn ssZhs kqNnnm Amlv FmWv ]dbpXv. (ss__nfns Ad_n hnh\n ssZhw FYw hcp m\smw
Amlv F
-- p X
-- sbmWv I
-- mWpXv).
""Amlp Ah\msX Hcp ssZhhpan. Fspw Pohnncnph. Fmw \nb{nph.'' (JpB 3:2). Cu
JpB kqw hmbntm F\nv Hma hXv ss__nfnse Hcp-- hN\amWv:-- ""CXp Rm\mWv, Rm am{XamWv ssZhw;
Rm\msX thsd ssZhan.'' (\nbamh\w 32:39)
JpB-- aptmpshp- IWniamb GI-ssZ-hm-cm-[-\sb ss__n thsdbpw efn ]np-W-p-p-s-Xm-Wv hmkvXhw.
""\nfpsS-- ssZhw-- GIssZhw-- am{XamIpp.-- Ah\msX-bmsXmcp ssZhhpan. Ah ]caImcpWnI\pw IcpWm\n[nbpas{X.'' (JpB 2:163)
""C{kmtbte-- tIpI,-- \psS-- ssZhamb Imhv
85
Htc-- Hcp-- ImhmWv.''-- (\nbamh\w 6:4)

""Amlp Ah\msX ssZhan. Fspw Pohnncnph. Fmw \nb{nph. abtam Ddtam Ahs\
_m[npIbn.'' (JpB 2:255)
""\ns Imph Ddw XqpIbn. C{kmtbens
]cn]meI abpIbn; DdpIbpan. ImhmWv \ns
Imhmc.'' (ko\ 121:35)
JpB\pw ss__nfpw Hcp t]mse BhntmasSpp Cu GIkXyssZhns I]\Iv IosgmXpp-Xns t]cmWv Ckvemw. JpB ]dbpXv ImWpI:
""\nfpsS ssZhw GIssZhamIpp. AXn\m Ahp
am{Xw \n Iogvs]SpI. (\_ntb,) hn\oXv \o ktmjhm AdnbnpI.'' (22:34)
""GsXmcm kIaImcnbmbnsmv Amlphnv
BkaWw sNbvXpthm Ahv Xs cnXmhn
AXns {]Xnêw DmbncnpXmWv. Acmv bmsXmpw `bstSXn ; Ah ZpxJntn hcnIbpan.''
(2:112)
""hh\pw kZvhr\mbnsmv Xs apJs Amlphn\v kA]np ]w Ghpw Ddp Ibdn
XsbmWv Ah-- ]nSnncnpXv. AmlphntemIpp
ImcyfpsS ]cnWXn.'' (31:22)
""Cv kXy\ntj[nI \nfpsS aXs t\cnSp Imcyn \ncmisncnpIbmWv. AXn\m Ahsc \n
t]SntXn.-- Fs-- \n-- t]SnpI.-- Cv- Rm \nv
\nfpsS aXw ]qnbmn Xncnpp. Fs A\p{Klw
\nv Rm \ndthncnIbpw sNbvXncnpp. aXambn
Ckvemans\---- Rm-- \nv- - Xr]vXnsv- - Xncnpp.-- hh\pw ]nWn ImcWw (\njnambXv) Xnphm \n_nX\mIp ]w Ah A[antev Nmbvhph\sn
Xobmbpw Amlp Gsd s]mdpph\pw IcpW
ImWnph\pam-Ipp.'' (JpB 5:3)
ao, HmtemNnv t\mq, tbiphSap ss__n
86
{]hm-NImcpw ]TnnXv CXpXsbt?

""Imth Imsh Fp FsmSp hnfnt]nph\, Fs kzK\mb ]nXmhns Cw \ndthph\mWv kzKcmPyn {]thinpI.'' (ambn 7:21)
HSphn F\np t_m[yambn: Ckvemapw JpB\pw {InkvXp-aXhpambn-- Hcp _hpanmX.-- Hcp {InkvXym\npw A\ytam A]cnNnXtam A CXnse {]t_m[\. kIe
{]-hm-NImcpw ]
-- Tnn a-- XamWv b
-- Ymn C
-- kvemw.-- Fn ]
-- ns {-- InkvXpaXhpw C
-- kvemapw-- Xn-- FmWv- - hyXymkw? Ghpw {][m\s hyXymkw, {]hmNIm {]-t_m[\w
sNbvX GIssZhmcm[\m]camb \ne]mSn Ckve
- mw hnphogvNIv h
-- gmsX D-- dp \
-- nth {-- InkvXpaXw A
-- Xn-- ]ehn-[
ambfpw Iepp FXv Xs!
11
IWniamb GIssZhmcm[\
JpB ]dbpp, h{IXbnmh\pw hn{Klmcm[Icn
s]-Smh\pamb C_vdmloans\ \n A\pIcnphn
Fv.
""kZvhr\mbnsmv Xs apJs Amlphn\v Iogvs]SppIbpw,- t\amKnepdv- \nv- - sImv C_vdmloans amKs ]npScpIbpw sNbvXht\m Da
aXmc Bcpv?'' (JpB 4:125)
""kzw-- Bmhns\-- aqVamnbh\msX amcmWv C{_mloans amKtmSv hnapJX ImWnpI? CltemIn
At-ls \mw hninjvS\mbn sXcsSpncnpp. ]ctemIv Atlw k\fpsS Iqn Xsbmbncnpw.'' (JpB 2:30)
hnizmknIfpsS--- ]nXmhmW-v- A{_lmw.-- ]s A{_lmw-k-cn ]mXbneqsSbmtWm ssZhhnizmkns Imcyn- Cs {InkvXym\nI t]mIpXv?A{_lmw {]hm-N-I DZvtLmjn IWniamb GIssZhmcm[\bmWv C-
88
kv e mans auenI{]tabw. Bcm[\Ifpw {]mY\Ifpw

ssZthXcv ka]npXv ISp ]mXIamsWv JpB- ]e coXnbn hyamnbnpv.
""XtmSv ]ptNsSpXv Amlp Hcnepw s]mdpp-Ibn.-- AsXmgnpsXmw-- Ah-- Dtinphv- - Ah s]mdppsImSppXmWv. B AmlpthmSv ]ptNp-thm Ah Xobmbpw KpcpXcamb Hcp IpIrXyamWv
Nap-mnbncnpXv.'' (JpB 4:48)
""XtmSv ]ptNsSpI FXv Amlp s]mdppIbn;--Xo.-- AsXmgnpXv- - Ah-- Dtinphv-- Ah
s]mdppsImSppXmWv.--B AmlpthmSv ]ptNppthm Ah _lpZqcw ]ngp t]mbncnpp.'' (JpB 4:116)
""AXmWv- Amlphns-- amKZi\w.-- AXv- - aptJ\-- Xs Zmkamcn \nv Xm Dtinphsc Ah t\amK-ntev
\bnpp. Ah (AmlpthmSv) ]ptNncpp-shn Ah {]hnncpsXmw Ahsc kw_nnS-tmfw \njvêambntmIpambncpp.'' (JpB 8:88)
""Xs amXm]nXmtfmSv \ \nebn hnm a\pjyt\mSv- - \mw-- A\pimknncnpp.-- \n\v- - bmsXmcp-- Adnhpanm--- Hns\ FtmSv ]ptNphm Ah (amXm]nXm) \ntmSv
\n_]qhw Bhiysm Ahsc \o A\pk- c nvt]mIcpXv.F
-- s-- ASptmWv- \nfpsS aSw. Atm
\n {]h-nncpXns\n Rm \nsf hnhcadnbnp-XmWv.'' (JpB 29:8)
{InkvXym\nI A{_lmanI amKw ssIshSnv _lpssZ-hmcm-[\sb ]pInbXns\ JpB iambn hnainpp.
""abans aI akolv XsbmWv Amlp Fv ]dh- Xobmbpw AhnizmknIfmbncnpp. Fm akolv
]d-Xv; C{kmbo kXnItf, Fsbpw \nfpsSbpw
cnXmhmb Amlpsh \n Bcm[nphn. AmlpthmSv hh\pw ]ptNp ]w Xobmbpw Amlp
Ahv kzKw \njnampXmWv. \cIw Ahs hmk-
89
eam-bncnpIbpw sNpw. A{IanIv klmbnIfm-bn Bcpw

Xs-bn FmWv.'' (JpB 5:72)
""AhcpsS ]WvUnXamscbpw ]ptcmlnXamscbpw abans aI\mb akolns\bpw Amlphn\v ]pdsa Ah cnXmfmbn kzoIcnp. Fm GIssZhs Bcm[nm
am{Xambncpp Ah I]nsncpXv. Ah\msX bmsXmcp ssZhhpan. Ah ]ptNpXn \nv Ahs\{Xtbm ]cnip!'' (JpB 9:31)
{]nbs ao, F\nv JpB\nt\mSv hntbmPnm Ignbpn. BmYambnsmv ]d, Fs an`n{]mbaptm,
Cu JpB\nI-- {]kvXmh\I- icnb Fv?- ]pXnb \nbahpw --- kqNnnpnt, t--- bip s-- sZhaspw t-- biphnsbpw \p-sSbpw ssZhw asmcmfmWv Fpw?
""(tbip ]dp:) \o Fs ktlmZcmcpsS ASpv
sNv AhtcmSp Rm Fs ]nXmhpw \nfpsS ]nXmhpw
Fs ssZhhpw \nfpsS ssZhhpw Bbhs ASp IbdntmIpp Fv ]dbpI.'' (tbmlm 20:17)
{kmhn\p apnep krnbpsS kqW ka]Ww
BWv Bcm[\ FmWv Rm ]TnnpXv. ssZhs {]oXnsSpm a\pjy sNp, ssZhn\namIp G-Xp
Imcyhpw Bcm[\ Fp ]dbmw \ sNepw Xn sh-dpepw AXn s]Spw.
Bcm[\p- tbmKy ssZhw am{Xat? Ahs\mw sNm IgnhpXp sImmWv Bcm[nsSpXv. \psS Bcm[\-I Ah kzoIcnpsan \psS {]mY\I Fp
sIm-p Ah kzoIcnn? AX, \psS {]mY\I hnip tIpw Ah ]dbptm am{Xw ssZhw tIpw
Fm-tWm?
""Xobmbpw Rm t\amKn Ddp\np sImv
Fs apJw BImifpw `qanbpw krjvSnh\ntev Xncnncnpp. Rm _lpssZhhmZnIfn s]ht\ A. ]dbpI:
Xobmbpw Fs {]mY\bpw, Fs Bcm[\mIafpw,
Fs PohnXhpw, Fs acWhpw temIcnXmhmb Amlp-
90
hnpXmIpp.'' (JpB 6:79,162)

""\ntmSv Fs Zmkam Fsn tNmZnm Rm
(Ahv Ghpw) ASpph\mIpp (Fv ]dbpI.) {]mYnph Fs hnfnv {]mYnm Rm B {]mY\bvv Dcw \IpXmWv. AXpsImv Fs Blzm\w Ah
kzoIcnpIbpw, Fn Ah hnizknpIbpw sNs.
Ah t\hgn {]m]nphm thnbmWnXv.'' (JpB 2:186)
""Xobmbpw a\pjys\ \mw krjvSnncnpp. Ahs
a\v a{np sImncnpXv \mw AdnbpIbpw sNpp.
\mw (Ahs) IWvT\mUnsbm Aht\mSv ASph\pw
BIpp.'' (JpB 50:16)
""{]mY\I (AYhm \akvImc) \n kqvaXtbmsS- \nhlnp t]mtcXmWv. {]tXyInpw DIrjvSamb
\akvImcw.-- Amlphns apn `bÌvXntbmSp IqSn \npsImmIWw \n {]mYnpXv.'' (JpB 2:238)
""hnizknpIbpw kI-a- {]hnpIbpw,-- \akvIm-cw-- apdt]mse-- \nhlnp-Ibpw,-- kImv- - sImSppIbpw--sNp-hv AhcpsS cn-Xmhn Ah Alnp
{]Xn^-eapmbncnpXmWv.-- Ahv bmsXmpw `bstSXn. Ah ZpxJntn hcnIbpan.'' (JpB 2:277)
Cs\ {]mYnm\mWv JpB ]dbpXv :
""(\_ntb,)- ]dbpI:-- \n-- Amlp-- Fv hnfnpsImpI.
Asn dlvam(]caImcpWnI) Fv hnfnpsImpI.
GXp-- Xs \n hnfnpIbmsWnepw AhpXmIpp
Ghpw-- DIrjvSamb-- \ma.-- \ns-- {]mY\-- \o-- DnemcpXv.--- AXv-- - ]XpsbpamcpXv.-- AXnnSbnep-- Hcp-- amKw--- \o
tXSnsmpI.'' (JpB 18:110)
""kXyhnizmknItf, \n \akvImcn\v Hcpnbm,
\nfpsS-- apJfpw,-- apphsc-- cpssIIfpw-- IgpIpIbpw,-- \nfpsS-- Xe-- XShpIbpw-- s\cnbmWnhsc-- c-v- ImepI IgpIpIbpw
sNpI.'' (JpB 5:6)
""Amlphn-- \np-- A\p{Klhpw- {]oXnbpw-- tXSnsm-
91
v- Ah Ipnpw kmjvSmwKw sNbvXpw \akvIcnpXmbn

\n\v- - ImWmw.-- kmjvSmwKns êambn AhcpsS ASbmfw
AhcpsS apJfnepv. AXmWv Xudmn Ahsc ]nbp D]a.'' (JpB 48:29)
apkvenwI \akvImcn appIpnbpw kmjvSmwKw
hoWpsamsbmWv {]mYnpXv. tbiphpw As\ {]mYnXmbn \ ss__nfn hmbnnnt!
""Ah-- A]Zqcw-- aptmp-- sNp-- \nep-- hoWv- km[ysa-n-- B-- aWnq-- Xs-- ISp-- t]mIs-- Fp--- {]mYnp.''(amtmkv 14:35)
\akvImcn Ad_nbn sNmp {]mY\IfpsS AY-anXmWv:
Amlp Ghpw henbh BIpp.
]caImcpWnI\pw IcpWm\n[nbpamb Amlphns \man.
kvXpXn khtemI ]cn]meI\mb AmlphnmIpp.
]caImcpWnI\pw IcpWm\n[nbpw.
{]Xnê Znhkns DSa.
\ns-- am{Xw-- R-- Bcm[npp. \ntmSv am{Xw R
klmbw tXSpp.
Rsf \o t\amKn tNtWta; \o A\p{KlnhcpsS amKn. tIm]nv CcbmbhcpsS amKne.
]ngpt]mbhcpsS amKnepa.
alXztadnbh\mb ssZhw ]cnip\mIpp.
Ahs\ kvXpXnphs\ ssZhw tIpp.
ssZhta, khkvXpXnbpw Atp am{Xw!
RfpsS-- \mY\mb-- Amlpth!-- AXypX\mb-- \ns-kvXpXnptXmsSmw ]cnipsSppp.
92
Amlpth, FtmSp \o s]mdptWta. FtmSp IcpW

ImWnpIbpw Fs \yq\XI ]cnlcnpIbpw, Fs
t\hgnbnempIbpw Fs DbpIbpw sNtWta.
RfpsS \mY\mb Amlpth! AXypX\mb \ns
kvXpXnptXmsSmw ]cnipsSppp.
Fm A`nhmZyfpw A\p{Klfpw {]mY\Ifpw \Ifpw-- Amlphn\mIpp.-- aplZv- - \_nbpsS ta c Dmhs.
Amlphns ImcpWyhpw A\p{Klfpw Dmhs. R
pw k\fmb Amlphns Zmkmpw kam[m\apmhs.-- AmlphmsX-- ssZhanspw-- aplZv Amlphns ZqX\msWpw Rm kmyw hlnpp.
Amlpth,-- \o-- aplZv- - \_npw- IpSpw_n\pw A\p{Klw
sNtWta;-- C{_mlow-- \_npw IpSpw_n\pw \o A\p{Klw
sNbvXp-- sImSpXp-- t]mse.--- Xobmbpw-- \o-- kvXpXnsh\pw alnatbdnbh\pamIpp.
Amlpth, Rm BZyw sNbvXXpw Ahkm\w sNbvXXpw
clkyambn-- sNbvXXpw-- ]ckyambn-- sNbvXXpw AXncpIhnp
sNbvXXpw Fsm \n\p IqSpX AdnbmhpXpamb
]m] F\np s]mdpp XtcWta. apnph \obmWv. ]nnph\pw \o Xs. \obmsX ssZhan.
Amlpth,-- \cIinbn-- \npw-- J_dnse-- inbn
\npw PohnXacW ]coWfn \npw Rm \ntmSv
A-`bw tXSpp.
12
F\nv thXv \nXyPoh...
Ayhn[n\mfns\pdnv JpB ]dbpp:
""hh\pw Hcp \a sImphm Ahv AXns ]XnaSv- - e`npXmWv.-- hh\pw-- Hcp-- Xna-- sImphm-- AXn\v
Xpeyamb-- {]Xnêw-- am{Xta-- Ahv- - \IsSpIbpq.-- AhtcmSv bmsXmcp A\oXnbpw ImWnsSpIbn.'' (6:160)
""Hcmpw asmcmv thn Hcp D]Imchpw sNm
]m Hcp Znhks \n kqnpI. (Av) Hcmfn
\npw Hcp ip]mibpw kzoIcnsSpIbn. Hcmfn\npw
Hcp {]mbivNnhpw taSnsSpIbpan. Ahv Hcp klmbhpw e`npIbpan.'' (JpB 2:48)
Ayhn[n\mfn-- \nXyPoh-- {]m]npIbmWv- - Fs-- Ghpw-- henb-- eyw.-- Ckvemw-- kzoIcnpXv- - hgn-- am{Xta-- B-- eyw-- \ndthdpIbpq-- Fv- - F\nv- - t_m[yambncnpp.-- AXpsIm,v Rm Ckvemw kzoIcnpIbmWv.
""Xobmbpw- Amlphn aXw Fm CkvemamIpp.
thZ{Kw \Ish Xv (aX]camb) Adnhv hpInnb tijw XsbmWv `nnXv. Ah Xnep Inamcyw \nanas{X AXv.'' (JpB 3:19)
94
\sbv IcpXn CXphsc sNbvXph ]eXpw XnbmsWv Xncndntm hm sRepmbn. Fm

]qhImePohnXnse ]m] apgph ssZhw s]mdpv
Xcpsa ]mTw Ctm F\nv Bizmkw \Ipp. ]m]nphs\ Hcp]mSp kvt\lnp ssZhamWv \ptSXv.
JpB\n Rm Ghpa[nIambn BhnpI hN\anXmWv ""Ah ]mm]w Gsd kzoIcnph\pw IcpWm\n[nbpamWv.''
""thZm hnizknpIbpw kqvaX ]menpIbpw sNbvXncppshn Ahcn \nv AhcpsS XnaI \mw ambvpIfbpIbpw A\p{Kl]qWamb kzKtmpIfn \mw Ahsc {]thinnpIbpw sNpambncpp.'' (JpB 5:65)
apkvenw BIm\p Xocpam\w henb {]XymLmXfpmpw Fv apdnbnv \In Fs ]nncnnm Bfpmtbmw. AhtcmSv F\nv ]dbm\pXv CXmWv: "{]XymLmXw'-- sImv- - \nfptinpXv- - CltemIPohnXnse-- kpJkuIcy-- \sSpI-- FXmWtm.-- AXv- - F\nv- - {]iv\a.
imizXamb ]ctemIPohnXnse kzKw \sSpn CltemIw BkzZnm F\nv Ignbn. \cIobns bmX\tbmfw hcptam \nfo ]dbp ùXnIamb I\fpw
{]bmkfpw?!
Ay\mfns\n Adnbnm Imlfw DuXm NpaXebp aev AXv hmbn ]nSnvv s\n Npfnv sNhnIq]nv
DuXm\p I]\ {]Xonp \npIbmW;v ]ns F\ns--s\bmWv kpJtemep]\mbn Pohnm Ignbp-I Fv aplZv- - \_n-- ]dp.- \-- Hmtcmcpcpw-- Cu-NntbmsS-b-t Hmtcm \nanjhpw IgntXv!
ao,-- IpphmpIfpw- IpsSpepIfpw- `bv t_m[ys- kXy adpshpXv icnb Fv Fs a\-mn ]dbpp. anbpsS A`n{]mbsamWv? kXy-hnizm-ks Btjnphv kXy\ntj[nIfpsS Bt]
t\cn-tS-nhcpsapw---- Atm-- ]XdntmIcpsXpw-- D-- ap-dnbn-p-I JpB\n Xsbpv. B apdnbnpI
95
Ctm F\n-v hgn ImWnpp.

""kXy\ntj[nIv sFlnIPohnXw AewIrXambn tXmnbncnpp. kXyhnizmknIsf Ah ]cnlknpIbpw
sNpp. Fm kqvaX ]menhcmbncnpw Dbnsgpt]ns \mfn Ahscm DXam. Amlp Ah
Dtinphv IWv t\mmsX Xs sImSppXmWv.'' (JpB 2:212)
""Xobmbpw-- \nfpsS-- kzpIfnepw-- icocfnepw-- \n
]consSpXmWv.- \nv apv thZw \Ishcn
\npw-- _lpssZhmcm[Icn \npw \n [mcmfw IpphmpI tItn- hcnIbpw sNpw.-- \n anpIbpw
kqvaX ]menpIbpw sNppshn Xobmbpw AXv
ZrV\nivNbw sNt Imcyfn s]XmIpp.'' (JpB
3:186)
""\n kXyhnizmkw kzoIcn tijw \nsf AhnizmknIfmn amnsbSpphm\mWv thZmcn anhcpw B{KlnpXv. kXyw hyIvXambn t_m[ysnpw kzmY]camb
Akqb \nanamWv (Ahcm \ne]mSv kzoIcnpXv.) Fm (AhcpsS Imcyn) Amlp Ahs I]\ sImphcpXv- - hsc-- \n-- s]mdppIbpw-- anpIbpw-- sNpI.-- \nwibw Amlp GXv Imcyn\pw Ignhph\s{X.'' (JpB
2:109)
""blqZtm-- ss{IkvXhtm-- Hcnepw \nsn Xr]vXn
hcnIbn;-- \o-- AhcpsS-- amKw-- ]n]pXv- - hsc.-- ]dbpI:- Amlphns amKZi\amWv bYmY amKZi\w. \n\v Adnhv
hpInnbXn\p-- tijw-- AhcpsS-- XnjvSsfsbm\pw \o
]n]ntmbm Amlphn \nv \ns cnphmt\m
klmbnphmt\m Bcpapmhn.'' (JpB 2:120)
Rm BscbmWv `bstSXv? \cI inbn \nv
Fs cnm Ignhphs\ Xsbt? asn-t\mfpta-sd ssZhs kvt\lnm ]TnnXv Fs hoSv Xsbt? CsXms Adnnpw Ignpt]mbXv t]mse Xsbp Hcp PohnXw \bnm F\nmhptam? Rms\mWv
96
sNt-nbncpXv? kXyw a\nemnbmepw a\n\p kzbw

aqSnbn-SWambncptm?
CltemInepw-- ]ctemInepw-- D-- hnPbat-- Hcp-- a\pjys-- PohnXhnPbw?-- CltemI ku`mKy am{Xw aXntbm
\apv?-- app\ymb- ]dv AkXyns amKn Ddp
\npX-v Bsnepw-- \ sNptam?-- kXy\ntj[nIfpsS
kz`mhspdnv JpB ]dXv F{X icn!
""Amlp AhXcnnXv \n ]n]n PohnpI Fv
AhtcmSv Bscnepw ]dm, A, RfpsS ]nXm
kzoIcnXmbn-- ItX-- R-- ]n]pIbpq- Fmbncnpw
Ah ]dbpXv. AhcpsS ]nXm bmsXmpw Nnnv a\nemmhcpw t\hgn Ismhcpambncpsn
t]mepw (Ahsc ]n]pIbmtWm?)'' (JpB 2:170)
""Atlw-- (XmoXpImc)-- ]dp:-- \n-- \nfpsS-- ]nXmsf-- GsXmcp amKn Isntbm, AXns\mfpw \
amKw- ImWnpXcp Hcp ktihpw sImv Rm \nfpsS
ASpv--- - hmepw-- (\n-- ]nXmsfs-- A\pIcnpItbm?)-- Ah-- ]dp; \n GsXmcp ktihpw sImv
Absncnppthm AXn Xobmbpw R hnizmkanmhcmIpp.'' (JpB 43:24)
ssZhns amKn t]mIpXns\ hnainm Hcp]mSp t]cpmIpw. kXyhnizmkw kzoIcn Htcm a\pjy\pw
DmImhp A\p`h t]mepw JpB hyampp.
Fm khi\n B{ibnphp Hnepw Bibpmhn.
kXyw-- Adnnpw ssZhhN\w ]dbpXv FmsWv
Adntijhpw AXnt\mSv hnapJX ImWnm Fp \ymbamWpXv? kaqlw, A`nam\w.. CsXms ImcWamtbmw.
Fm CXv FhnsSbmWv {]tbmP\sSpXv? Ayhn[nZn\n, GIssZhsqSmsX aphscbpw B{ibnpIbpw `qanbn A`nam\nIfmbn PohnpIbpw sNbvXhv
inbn Fsnepw Cfhptm?
97
""Amlpsh kqnpI Fv AhtcmSv Bscnepw ]dm Zpc`nam\w Ahsc ]m]n ]nSnv \npp. Ahv \cIw Xs aXn. AXv F{X tamiamb sa!'' (JpB
2:206)
CXnt\mfpw-- hyambn ]dbpsXs\? C\nbpw Fp
sXfnhv InpXp hscbmWv \ ImncntXv?
""X\nv- - kamKw-- hyIvXambngn-- tijhpw-- Bscnepw ssZhZqX\pambn FXnv \npIbpw, kXyhnizmknIfpsSXm amKw ]npScpIbpw sNp ]w Ah
Xncn-- hgnv Xs \mw Ahs\ XncnphnSpXpw, \cInenv \mahs\ IcnpXpamWv. AsX{X tamiamb ]cyhkm\w!'' (JpB 4:115)
tbiphns\ Adnv A\p`hn Hmtcmcpcnepw \nn]vXambncnp ISabmWv tbiphn\v kmnbmIWw, temIw
apgph AXv {]tLmjnWw FpXv. A, amtamZok
kzoIcnv {InkvXym\nbmb Hmtcm hynbpsSbpw DchmZnamWXv. As\sbn kXyssZhs Xncndn F\npw-- B-- ISabnt?-- Fs-- PohnXnse-- Ghpw-- henb-- ku`mKyamWv Cp Rm A\p`hnpXv. aphsc kvt\lnp Hcm X\np e`n `mKyw AhcpsS apn adphptam
AtXm Ahpw ]pshptam? Rm kvt\lnp Fmhcpw CXdnbWw. ImcWw CXv A{Xam{Xw henb ktmjhmbmWv. Hcm t]mepw CXdnbmsX t]mIcpXv. ImcWw
B AdnhnmbvabpsS Ayw A{Xbpw `bm\IamWv.
aXw- a\pjys\ ssZhntesnm\mWv. Gs ssZhw
Fs AwKoIcnWsan Fn\mWv ap a\pjy? Rm
FhnsSbmsWnepw F\nXn\p k[npw. ^mZ Csn
Fs ]m]w pending emWv. Ipkmcw hsc Rm ]m]nbmWv.
Ipkcnp Ignm am{Xta Fs ]m] tamNnsSq F t_m[w ImcWw At\mSp Ipkmcnm am{Xta
F\np a\kam[m\w Innbncppp. Css Ah AX. sNbvX Hcp Imcyw sXmsW t_m[w DmIptm
Xs- Amlphntep-- aSp-- Xs-- Zmks\ Amlp
98
Hcp]mSv kvt\lnpp. Ah\p ]m]tamN\w \evIpIbpw

sNpp. ""AhnSpp-- Fhscbpw-- Hpt]mse-- ]cnKWnpp''-Fp-- m\w 6:7 ]dbpp. Fnpw a\pjycpsS ]m]w
tamNns-SWsan thsd Nne a\pjycpsS klmbw IqSn-tb Xocq Fp ]dbpXv \ymbamtWm?
Hcp-- Znhkw-- Hcmmhns\sbnepw-- tbiphn\p thn t\SWw Ft ]sms [ym\n\p t]mIptm \tfmSv
]dbmdpXv. Asms tbiphn\p thn Rm sNpp
FXmbncpp a\nse [mcW. Cp Rm CXp ]dbpXv
AXn\p--- thnb.-- CltemIs-- PohnXw- ssZhn\namIpw
hn[w- Bbnsn acWm\c PohnXn Htcm a\pjy\pw
A\p`hntn hcp \cIin Hmv am{Xw. B insb
\ `btt?
Rm DStemsS kzKn t]mIpw F hochmZa CXv.
]s Fs ]m] F{X Xs hepXmbncpmepw F{X
Xs ITn\ambncpmepw GIssZhnep Fs hnizmkw
HpsImpam{Xsanepw Rm ]ctemIw {]Xonpp.
AXn\pthn am{XamWv Rm PohnpXpw. acWm\c
PohnXns-- ssZLyw-- t\mptm-- CltemIhmkw hfsc
Ipdv kabw am{XamWv. \ GXp temIs PohnXamWv
kpcnXamtXv? \izcambXn\p thn A\izcambXns\ AhKWnWtam?
""]dbpI: Xobmbpw Fs {]mY\bpw, Fs Bcm[\mIafpw, Fs PohnXhpw, Fs acWhpw temIcnXmhmb AmlphnpXmIpp.'' (JpB 6:162)
Fs anbpsS aIfmbXp sImp am{XamWv F\nnv
Cs\ BIm km[nXv. Fs a\n ssZhs Ipdnp NnI \ndbm\pw ssZhs tXSm\pw F\nspw
t{]m-m-l\ambncp Fs IpSpw_amWv F\np e`n Ghpw henb `mKyw. Hcp {InkvXym\nbmbn P\nm IgnXpsIm-p am{XamWv ssZhsIpdnv Ipdsnepw Adnbm
IgnXv.
99
Amcpw,-- _njpw,-- t]mpw,-- hnipmcpw-- AhcpsS-- kw`mh\Ifmb ]e Xcw BNmcfpw A\pjvTm\fpw t\Ifpw
ImgvNIfpw Fmw ASp Hcp henb hns Cpdv
Rm\pw-- Apdv- ssZhhpw- Fsmcp- Ahbmbncpp- FtXv. B hn\pnse HtcmpamWv ssZhntep Fs
Zqcw-- \nbnpXv.-- Cv- - B-- Zqcsamw-- t]mbn.-- F\np-- ]m]tam-N\w tXSWsantem AhnSps Bcm[n-W-sa-n-tem
H-cp sshZnI\pw th, Hcp kzcq]hpw th. ImcWw A-mlp ]dbpp, ""\mw (Ahs) IWvT\mUnsbm Aht\mSv
ASp-h\pw BIpp.''
Rm\n\p`hnp B\w Fmhcpw AdnbWw. AXv
hni-ZoIcnm F\ndnbn. hmpI sImp ]qW-amm IgnbpX. AXv A\p`hnmte Adnbq. C\nbpw Hcp]mSv
]db-Ww Fpv. ]s F\nv Ignbpn.
Ckvemans\ntbm GIssZhsntbm Hcm t]mepw
F-\np ]dp Xn Rm AdnXv. Fs ssZhw
Xn-c-sSpXXmWv FmsW\np tXmpXv. Fs ]Tnn-pIbmbncpp. Hmtcmtmtcmmbn. Rm FmsWpw
Rm FmtIXmsWpw. AXn\p th kmlNcyfpw
Ah Xs Hcpn. Rm Hcnepw {]Xonm efn Fs Fnp. Rm Adntbhsbmsbpw Fs
]Tnnp.--- Fmw-- Ipw a\nemnbpw A\p`hnpw Adnnpw Rm Fp ImcWw sImmWv amdn\ntXv?
Adnp-- XpSnbtm Xs FmtcmSpw hnfnp ]dbm
Hcp]mSv- - sImXnncpp.-- ]dbm-- {iannpapv.-- Cu-- amkw- ]dbmw.-ASp amkw ]dbmw. As\ amnhm XpSnbnp amktfsdbmbn. ]s Rm CXp ]dbWw Fp ssZhw \nbn-npsn Rm F{Xsbms FhnsSt]mbn Fs\
Hfnm {ianmepw AXp ]pdp hcnI Xs sNpw.
Rm ]dXn sXpmbncptm? Ctm ]dXn
Fsnepw-- sXpsn-- F\np-- ]dp-- XcWw.- Asn
kXyw Adnnpw \ntj[np XphcpsS Iqn \fmcpw AIstS.
100
acW-- tijw a\pjy BZyw tNmZyw sNsSpXv Ahs

\akvImcspdnmWv. Ap t\cap \akvImcw Fs
ssZhnI Nnbn ncambn \nm klmbnpp. AXp
apSm-- F\nmhn.-- t\m\pjvTnphs\ \cIn \n-pw
Fgp]Xv hjs hgnZqcaIn \npw. AXp \jvSsSpm- F\np Ignbn. Hmtcm Icyhpw ssZhns \man (_nkvan) XpSptm ssZhw IqsSbpsp Rm t_m[hXnbmIpp. HcmtfmSv kemw (imtemw) ]dbptm Rm
tbiphns hmpI A\pkcnpp. Fnse Xs tamiw
kz`mhtfmSv bpw sNpp. Cu coXnbnemWv Fs PohnXw- XpStcXv- - Fv Rm a\nempp. ]ecpw {In-kv-Xym\n F \maw am{Xw [cnptm F\nv Ipdsnepw {InkvXp-hns A\pbmbn Bbn Pohnm Ignbppv. ImcWw
Ckv-emw Fs ]TnnXpw AXpam{XamWv. AXv shdpsamcp
aXw am{Xa, Hcp PohnXcoXn IqSnbmWv. Hcp PohnXw XsbmWv.
Fs a\nse ssZhw Fstm Fs\sbtm
hniZoIcnm F\nmhn. Adnbn FXpsIm. XpSmw Fm Ahkm\nn. B hn[w B\amWv ssZhs Ipdnp Adnhv. Hcp ISemkntem Hcp s{^bnantem
HXpn\nm I-gnbpX- Fs ssZhw. Htmm
{ian-ptm Dulnm t]mepw IgnbmsX Iv \ndbpw.
A-XmWv F\nss ssZhw. B- ssZhs-- ImWWw-- F\nv.-AXmWv- - Fs-- PohnX-- ey-w. kzKns hne a\pjy\v
\nWbnm ]pX. Cu temInse Fs {]hr-nI am{XamWv Fs kmZyambn acWtijw DmhpI!
A-Xn-s Afhmbncnpw FtXv kz-KamtWm \cIamtWm
Fv \nbnpI. Ipdv kabw \I-sm AXv F{Xtmfw ê{]Zambn ssZh-n\v CamIp- hn[n D]tbmKnpw Fdnbm\mWv Hmtcm a\pjy\pw `qanbn Ab-sncnpXv FmsW\n-p tXmpXv. Adn-bm
Imefn Fs hnes ka-bw Rm \jvSs-Sp-n-sbn- C\nsbnepw AXp Ignbp-Xpw \coXnbn D ]tbmKnWw Fp Rm Xncndnbpp. Fn am{Xta Ahn-
101
Sps {]`bpsS Hcp IncWsanepw Im-Wm F\nv km[npI-bpp. AXn\sn ]ns Fn-\mWv Rm PohnpXv! ""\n-- \n ImWnpIbpw, hnizknpIbpw sNp ]-w- \nsf-- innnv- - Amlphn\v- - Fv Inm\mWv?
Am-lp Ir-XPvR\pw khPvR\pamIpp.'' (JpB 4:147)
""RfpsS \mYm, Rsf \o kamKnemnbXn\p
tijw RfpsS a\pIsf \o sXncptX. \ns ASp
\n-p ImcpWyw Rv \o {]Zm\w sNtWta. Xobmbpw \o AXy[nIw HuZmcyhm\mIpp.'' (JpB 3:8)

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kvt\l]qhw an-.v ..

Hcp ss{IkvXh bph-Xn-bpsS kwib-

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Hcp ss{IkvXh bph-Xn-bpsS kwi-b-

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Hcp ss{IkvXh bph-Xn-bpsS kwi-b-

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kv\m\w apX \n \np Dbcfntev kwhlns

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Hcp ss{IkvXh bph-Xn-bpsS kwi-b-

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Hcp ss{IkvXh bph-Xn-bpsS kwi-b-

Wv.-- Cu ]m\-]m{Xw Fn \npw amn-c

I-f--\mb-Hcp-- Ipn\v- - C-s\-sbms-- sNp-- A-t\mSv

Hcp ss{IkvXh bph-Xn-bpsS kwi-b-

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In Scripture there is as yet no single term by which the Three

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Cu P\s \bnph Ahsc hgnsXn-pI-bmWv.

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Hcp ss{IkvXh bph-Xn-bpsS kwi-b-