3

2


3.1


=
1 1 dm3 1000 cm3

dm3 cm3

1 dm3 = 1000 cm3
3.1

1 dm3 1 L

1 dm3 = 1 L

1 0.1 nm

1 atm 760 mmHg

1 = 0.1 nm
1 atm = 760 mmHg

3.2



65

 2 O2 22.4 dm3 32 g

dm3 g


O2 22.4 dm3 = O2 32 g

3.2

1 g 1 mL

1 g H2O = 1 mL H2O

1 mol 55.8 g

1 mol Fe = 55.8 g Fe

6.02 1023 atom 12 g 6.02 1023 atom C = 12 g C

3.3

(conversion factor)






1.

1 dm3 1000 cm3



1 dm3 = 1000 cm3

2. 2
1
66

 1000 cm3 2
1 dm3 =
1000 cm3

1000 cm3
1000 cm3

1000 cm3
1 dm3

1 dm3 2
1 dm3
=
1 dm3

3. 1
1 dm3
1000 cm3

1 dm3
1000 cm3

3 O2 22.4 dm3
32 g


22.4 dm3 O2 = 32 g O2

22.4 dm3 O2
32 g O2
=
1
=
32 g O2
32 g O2

22.4 dm3 O2
22.4 dm3 O2

32 g O2
22.4 dm3 O2

22.4 dm3 O2 32 g O2
22.4 dm3 O2
32 g O2

3.3
67

 3.3

1 dm3 = 1 L

1 dm3
1 L

1 L
1 dm3

1 A = 0.1 nm

1 A
0.1 nm

0.1 nm
1 A

1 atm = 760 mmHg

1 atm
760 mmHg

760 mmHg
1 atm

1 g = 1 mL

1 g H2O
1 mL H2O

1 mL H2O
1 g H2O

1 mol Fe
55.8 g Fe

55.8 g Fe
1 mol Fe

1 mol = 55.8 g
6.02 x 1023 atom = 12 g

6.02 x 1023 atom C

12 g C

12 g C
6.02 x 1023 atom C

3.1

1. He 4 g 22.4 dm3
2. 1 m3 1000 dm3
3. CO2 1 mol 6.02 x 1023 molecule
4. 1 amu 1.66 10 -24 g
5. 1 15.244 g
68

3.4

(factor-label method)

1.

2.

= x

4 3 m
m cm

1 m = 100 cm

cm 1 m
100
1 m
100 cm

(cm)
(m) 100 cm m m
1 m
cm
=

= 3 m x 100
cm
1 m

=



= 300 cm
3 300
69

 5 1 mL 13.6 g 20.4 g
g mL

1 mL Hg = 13.6 g Hg

1 mL Hg 13.6 g Hg
13.6 g Hg
1 mL Hg
(mL)
(g) 1 mL Hg g g
13.6 g Hg
mL
1 mL Hg
Hg = 20.4 g Hg x
13.6 g Hg



= 1.50 mL Hg

20.4 1.50
6 20 oC 75.0 mL (

20 oC = 0.9982 g/mL)
mL g

1 mL H2O = 0.9982 g H2O

d 20 oC = 0.9982 g/mL 20 oC
0.9982 g H O
0.9982 g 1 mL 1 mL H O 2
2
mL mL g

0.9982 g H O
H2O = 75.0 mL H2O x 1 mL H O 2
2


70

= 74.9 g H2O
20 75.0 74.9

7 NaOH 0.1 mol.dm-3 100 cm3

NaOH (NaOH 40)
cm3 g cm3 mol g

cm3 mol NaOH 0.1 mol.dm-3
NaOH 0.1 mol NaOH
1 dm3 1000 cm3 0.1 mol3NaOH
1000 cm NaOH
cm3 cm3

mol g NaOH
g NaOH
40 NaOH 1 mol 40 g 140mol
NaOH
mol 0.1 mol g

NaOH = 100 cm3 NaOH x 0.1 mol3NaOH 40 g NaOH
1000 cm NaOH 1 mol NaOH
= 0.4 g NaOH

NaOH 0.1
100 NaOH 0.4

71

 3.2

1. (CH3COOH) 1 cm3 1.044 g 12.72 g

2. 75.5 kg (
8.9 103 kg/m3)
3. (HCl) 1.5 mol/dm3 250 cm3
HCl

1.

20.7 g 1.83 kg 1000 cm3
1 mol
x
x
x
100 kg 1 cm3
1 dm3
124.1 g
=

20.7 x 1.83 x 1000 x 1 g . kg . cm3 . mol

100 x 1 x 1 x 124.1 kg . cm3 . dm3 . g

2.

10

20.7 x 1.83 x 1000 x 1 g . kg . cm3 . mol

20.7 x 1.83 x 10 mol
=
100 x 1 x 1 x 124.1 kg . cm3 . dm3 . g
124.1 dm3
72


3.

20.7 x 1.83 x 10 mol
mol
=
3.05
dm3
124.1 dm3
= 3.05 mol . dm-3

1. 1 mL 7.6 g 4.0
kg
2. 136 kg
( 13.6 103 kg/m3)
3. (CH4) 1 mol (O2) 2 mol
8 g STP
( CH4 = 16 STP 1 mol 22.4 dm3)
4. 36 mg
( H2O = 18 H2O 1 mol 6.02 x 1023 )
5.
0.1 m (
= 144 pm)
6. NaCl 500 cm3 NaCl 1.17 g
( NaCl = 58.5)
73