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Design of Shell & Tube HX (Unprotected For Expert Excel Users)
Design of Shell & Tube HX (Unprotected For Expert Excel Users)
Shell Side
11
Water
Tube Side
SHELL SIDE
Ethylene
symbol
values
TUBE SIDE
1
units
SI Values
Water
symbol
values
-1
units
SI Values
Thermophysical Properties :
Density of Fluid
S =
Viscosity
S =
Thermal Conductivity
kS =
Specific Heat
cp,S =
Fouling Factor
RdO =
kg/m3
840
cP
0.33
J/s m K
0.1156
KJ/kg K
2.093
0.00021 h m2 C / kcal
Density of Fluid
T =
0.00033
Viscosity
T =
0.11560
Thermal Conductivity
kT =
840.00000
2093.00000
0.00018
Specific Heat
cp,T =
Fouling Factor
Rdi =
kg/m3
993
kg/ms
0.0008
J/s m K
0.623
KJ/kg K
4.175
0.00035 h m2 C / kcal
993.00000
0.00080
0.62300
4175.00000
0.00030
Temperature T:
Temperature In
Temperature Out
TS,in =
135
40
TS,out =
408.15000
Temperature In
313.15000
Temperature Out
Specify :
Ethylene
kg/s
qS = 0.000688933
m /s
Heat Duty
Q = 115066.5512
J/sec
50
Range:
U* =
Correction Factor
R=
Auto
fT =
350 kcal/h m2 C
9.5
0
S=
fT =
407.05
0
.0952380952
0.8
303.15000
313.15000
tonne/day 5.7870370500E-01
kg/s
qT = 0.002775514
m3/s
LMTD Calculation:
115066.551184
mT = 2.756085058
Flow Type :
[assume] Overall Heat
Transfer coefficient
30
40
TT,out =
mS = 0.578703705
TT,in =
Counter-Current
T1 =
T2 =
95
K
K
10
0
LMTD = 37.75610077
LMTD (corrected)
LMTD* = 30.20488061
AHT =
9.358887
m2
4.5
0.75
16
4.5
in.
0.01905
Design Specifications :
Shell Diameter
DS =
10
in.
0.254
Tube Clearance
cT =
0.0064
Baffle Spacing
B=
0.0064
0.1
0.1
Length of Tube
LT =
dO =
Thickness of Tube
BWG
0.001651
PT =
Tube Pitch
in.
0.0254
di =
[= cT B DS / PT]
Mass Velocity
[= mS / aS]
Equivalent Diameter
DH = 0.0180335
m
aS =
0.0064
GS = 90.42245391
m2
kg/m2 s
0.015748
aST = 0.269313
No. of Tubes
NT =
n=
35
9
m2
No. of Tube Passes NP :
4
aT = 0.001753005
m2
Phase:
uT = 1.583288893
m/s
Liquid
Mass Velocity
GT = 1572.205871
kg/m2 s
[= mT / aT]
[= DHGS/S]
ReS =
4941
[= cp,S S / kS]
PrS =
5.975
Method:
Auto
Turbulent Flow
[= cp,T T /kT]
Method:
32
hO,S = 447.681719
[= TuTdi /T]
Prandtl #
NuS = 69.83806222
jH =
Reynolds #
Auto
ReT =
30949
PrT =
5.361
Turbulent Flow
NuT = 174.8456384
jH =
85
hi,T = 6916.99471
W/mK
Udo = 338.6124
W/mK
W/mK
fS =
0.052
Nb =
44
PS = 16.36764286
kg / m2
PS = 16.3676429
kg / m2
Return Loss
fT =
0.0037
PT = 537.1088773
Pr = 2032.04579
kg / m2
PT = 2569.15467
kg / m2
kg / m2
9.8
Background
A shell and tube heat exchanger, also known as the workhorse of industrial process heat transfer, is
It is the most common type of heat exchanger in oil refineries and other large chemical processes,
are used when economical. Though the application of other types of heat exchangers is increasing,
largely because of its versatility
Construction
As its name implies, this type of heat exchanger consists of a shell (a largepres
through the tubes, and another fluid flows over the tubes (through the shell) to
called a tube bundle, and may be composed by several types of tubes: plain, lon
Shell and tube heat exchanger units can be designed for almost any combination of pressure and tem
Requirements of Heat Exchangers
Heat exchangers have to fulfil1 the following requirements:
1.
High thermal effectiveness
2.
Pressure drop as low as possible
3.
Reliability and life expectancy
4.
High-quality product and safe operation
5.
Material compatibility with the process fluids
6.
Convenient size, easy for installation, reliable in use
7.
Easy for maintenance and servicing
8.
Light in weight but strong in construction to withstand the operational pressures
9.
Simplicity of manufacture
10. Low cost
11. Possibility of effecting repair to maintenance problems
Design Equations of Shell & Tube Heat Exchangers
Reference: http://www.engineeringpage.com/technology/thermal/transfer.htm
Organic Solvents
Water
Hot fluid
Cold fluid
Water
Organic Solvents
Light Oils
Heavy Oils
Reduced Crude
Regenerated DEA
Gases (P = atm)
Gases (P = 200 bar)
Water
Organic Solvents
Light oils
Heavy oils
Flashed crude
Foul DEA
Gases (P = atm)
Gases (P = 200 bar)
Coolers
Organic Solvents
Light Oils
Heavy Oils
Reduced Crude
Gases (P = atm)
Gases (P = 200 bar)
Gases
Organic Solvents
Water
Gases
Water
Water
Water
Water
Water
Water
Water
Brine
Brine
Brine
Heaters
Steam
Steam
Steam
Steam
Steam
Dowtherm
Dowtherm
Flue Gases
Flue Gases
Water
Organic Solvents
Light Oils
Heavy Oils
Gases
Heavy Oils
Gases
Steam
Hydrocarbon Vapours
Condensors
Aqueous Vapours
Organic Vapours
Refinery Hydrocarbons
Organics (some non-condensables)
Vacuum Condensors
Water
Water
Water
Water
Water
Vaporisers
Steam
Steam
Steam
Dowtherm
Aqueous Solution
Light organics
Heavy Organics
Refinery Hydrocarbons
ogy/thermal/transfer.html
at Transfer
cients
s
Range
250
750
Index
11
U (W/m2C)
800
100
100
50
35
450
5
100
1500
300
400
300
150
650
35
300
250
350
60
75
5
150
20
150
600
15
750
700
300
200
35
400
300
500
1200
250
1500
500
300
60
30
50
20
30
30
4000
1000
900
450
300
300
200
100
100
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1000
700
400
500
200
1500
1000
550
700
500
1000
900
600
250
1500
1200
900
550
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Special Thanks:
Reference:
Muhammad Arsala
Pitch Type
dO (m)
Triangular 0.01905
Inner Diameter of
SHELL
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
4
4
4
4
4
6
6
6
6
6
8
8
8
8
8
PT (m)
0.0254
44
72
96
134
180
inches
10
12
13.25
15.25
17.25
metres
Triangular
0.01905
0.0238125
Triangular
0.01905
0.0254
Square
0.01905
0.0254
Triangular
0.0254
0.03175
Square
0.0254
0.03175
Triangular
0.01905
0.0238125
Triangular
0.01905
0.0254
Square
0.01905
0.0254
Triangular
0.0254
0.03175
Square
0.0254
0.03175
Triangular
0.01905
0.0238125
Triangular
0.01905
0.0254
Square
0.01905
0.0254
Triangular
0.0254
0.03175
Square
0.0254
0.03175
Triangular
0.01905
0.0238125
Triangular
0.01905
0.0254
Square
0.01905
0.0254
Triangular
0.0254
0.03175
Square
0.0254
0.03175
Triangular
0.01905
0.0238125
Triangular
0.01905
0.0254
Square
0.01905
0.0254
Triangular
0.0254
0.03175
Square
0.0254
0.03175
69
57
53
33
33
58
56
48
32
26
48
44
48
24
24
105
91
85
57
45
94
90
78
52
40
84
72
72
44
40
135
117
101
73
65
124
110
94
62
56
108
96
88
60
48
80
66
54
34
193
157
139
103
83
166
154
126
92
76
154
134
126
78
74
116
104
78
56
44
94
82
247
217
183
133
111
228
208
172
126
106
196
180
142
104
84
174
156
116
82
66
140
124
94
66
rocess Design for Chemical & Petrochemical Plants, 3rd Ed, Vol.3 (1999)
Calculated # of Tubes
Tube Count
232
294
360
424
508
596
692
802
912
1024
19.25
21.25
23.25
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
0.48895 0.53975 0.59055 0.635 0.6858 0.7366 0.7874 0.8382 0.889 0.9398
307
277
235
163
139
300
264
222
162
136
266
232
192
138
110
230
202
158
112
88
198
170
132
90
74
391
343
287
205
179
370
326
280
204
172
332
294
242
176
142
294
258
212
150
116
258
224
174
120
94
481
423
355
247
215
452
398
346
244
218
412
360
308
212
188
372
322
266
182
154
332
286
228
154
128
553
493
419
307
255
528
468
408
292
248
484
424
366
258
214
440
388
324
226
184
398
344
286
190
150
663
577
495
361
303
626
556
486
346
298
576
508
440
308
260
532
464
394
274
226
484
422
352
240
192
763
667
587
427
359
734
646
560
410
348
680
596
510
368
310
632
548
460
338
268
576
496
414
298
230
881
765
665
481
413
846
746
644
462
402
788
692
590
422
360
732
640
536
382
318
682
588
490
342
280
1019
889
765
551
477
964
858
746
530
460
904
802
688
486
414
844
744
634
442
368
790
694
576
400
334
1143
1007
865
633
545
1088
972
840
608
522
1024
912
778
560
476
964
856
224
514
430
902
798
662
466
388
1269
1127
965
699
595
1242
1088
946
688
584
1172
1024
880
638
534
1106
964
818
586
484
1040
902
760
542
438
(1999)
35
Index
12
10
0.254
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
tonne/day
tonne/h
tonne/day
2.77777778E-01
1.15740741E-02
tonne/yr
3.17097921E-05
GaugeRange
(7/0)
(6/0)
(5/0)
(4/0)
(3/0)
(2/0)
0
1
g/s
1.00000000E-03
g/min
g/h
g/day
lb/s
1.66666667E-05
2.77777778E-07
1.15740741E-08
4.53592370E-01
lb/min
7.55987283E-03
3
4
5
6
7
lb/h
1.25997881E-04
Mlb/h
1.25997881E-01
kg/s
kg/min
kg/h
kg/day
1.15740741E-02
Mass.FR
1.00000000E+00
1.66666667E-02
2.77777778E-04
1.15740741E-05
lb/day
M lb/day
MM lb/day
tn(short)/s
tn(short)/min
tn(short)/h
tn(short)/day
tn(long)/s
tn(long)/min
tn(long)/h
tn(long)/day
5.24991169E-06
5.24991169E-03
5.24991169E+00
9.07184740E+02
1.51197457E+01
2.51995761E-01
1.04998234E-02
1.01604691E+03
1.69341152E+01
2.82235253E-01
1.17598022E-02
Vol.FR
m3/sec
1.00000000E+00
m3/min
1.66700000E-02
m3/h
2.77800000E-04
m3/day
1.15700000E-05
L/sec
1.00000000E-03
L/min
1.66700000E-05
L/h
2.77800000E-07
L/day
1.15700000E-08
barrel/s
1.58987295E-01
barrel/min
2.64960000E-03
barrel/h
4.41600000E-05
barrel/day
1.84000000E-06
gallon/s [US]
3.78541200E-03
gallon/min [US]
6.30900000E-05
gallon/h [US]
1.05200000E-06
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
gallon/day [US]
MGPD
MMGPD
gallon/s [UK]
gallon/min [UK]
gallon/h [UK]
gallon/day [UK]
4.38333333E-08
4.38100000E-05
4.38100000E-02
4.54609000E-03
7.57681667E-05
1.26280278E-06
5.26167824E-08
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
Hot.Fluids
Aqueous Vapours
Dowtherm
Flue Gases
Gases
Gases (P = 200 bar)
Gases (P = atm)
Heavy Oils
Light Oils
Process.Fluid
Ethylene
Water
Process.FR
Mass Flow Rate
Volumetric Flow Rate
Temp.
K
C
Length
mm
m
cm
Organic Solvents
ft
Organic Vapours
Organics (some non-condensables)
Reduced Crude
Refinery Hydrocarbons
in.
Thermal.Cond
Regenerated DEA
W/m K
Heat.Capacity
J/kg K
Steam
J/s m K
KJ/kg K
Water
BTU/hr ft F
cal/g C
BTU/lb F
Cold.Fluids
Aqueous Solution
Brine
Flashed Crude
Foul DEA
Gases
Gases (P = 200 bar)
Gases (P = atm)
Heavy Oils
Heavy Organics
Hydrocarbon Vapours
Light Oils
Light Organics
Organic Solvents
Refinery Hydrocarbons
Steam
Water
Flow Rate
Fluid.Side
Shell Side
Tube Side
FlowType
Parallel
Counter-Current
PitchType
Triangular
Square
Gauge
Density
Viscosity
BWG
SWG
kg/m
g/L
kg/ms
P
AWG
g/cm3
lb/ft
lb/in.3
HT.C.
Fouling.Factor
W/m K
m2 K / W
cal/s m2 C
s m2 C / cal
kcal/h m2 C
h m2 C / kcal
BTU/hr ft2 F
hr ft2 F / BTU
cP
FT.Entry
Auto
Manual
Phase
Gas
Liquid
Tube.Pitch.Values
15/16
1
1 1/4
Hi.Calc
Auto
Manual
B.W.G
inches
(7/0)
(6/0)
(5/0)
(4/0)
(3/0)
(2/0)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
0.5
0.454
0.425
0.38
0.34
0.3
0.284
0.259
0.238
0.22
0.203
0.18
0.165
0.148
0.134
0.12
0.109
0.095
0.083
0.072
0.065
0.058
0.049
0.042
0.035
0.032
0.028
0.025
0.022
0.02
0.018
0.016
0.014
0.013
0.012
0.01
0.009
0.008
0.007
0.005
0.004
m
0.0127
0.0115316
0.010795
0.009652
0.008636
0.00762
0.0072136
0.0065786
0.0060452
0.005588
0.0051562
0.004572
0.004191
0.0037592
0.0034036
0.003048
0.0027686
0.002413
0.0021082
0.0018288
0.001651
0.0014732
0.0012446
0.0010668
0.000889
0.0008128
0.0007112
0.000635
0.0005588
0.000508
0.0004572
0.0004064
0.0003556
0.0003302
0.0003048
0.000254
0.0002286
0.0002032
0.0001778
0.000127
0.0001016
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
No_Passes
1
2
4
6
8
10
o_Passes
(7/0)
(6/0)
(5/0)
(4/0)
(3/0)
(2/0)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
S.W.G
inches
0.5
0.464
0.432
0.4
0.372
0.348
0.324
0.3
0.276
0.252
0.232
0.212
0.192
0.176
0.16
0.144
0.128
0.116
0.104
0.092
0.08
0.072
0.064
0.056
0.048
0.04
0.036
0.032
0.028
0.024
0.022
0.02
0.018
0.0164
0.0148
0.0136
0.0124
0.0116
0.0108
0.01
0.0092
0.0084
0.0076
m
0.0127
0.0117856
0.0109728
0.01016
0.0094488
0.0088392
0.0082296
0.00762
0.0070104
0.0064008
0.0058928
0.0053848
0.0048768
0.0044704
0.004064
0.0036576
0.0032512
0.0029464
0.0026416
0.0023368
0.002032
0.0018288
0.0016256
0.0014224
0.0012192
0.001016
0.0009144
0.0008128
0.0007112
0.0006096
0.0005588
0.000508
0.0004572
0.00041656
0.00037592
0.00034544
0.00031496
0.00029464
0.00027432
0.000254
0.00023368
0.00021336
0.00019304
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
0.0068
0.006
0.0052
0.0048
0.0044
0.004
0.0036
0.0032
0.0028
0.0024
0.002
0.0016
0.0012
0.001
0.00017272
0.0001524
0.00013208
0.00012192
0.00011176
0.0001016
0.00009144
0.00008128
0.00007112
0.00006096
0.0000508
0.00004064
0.00003048
0.0000254
A.W.G
inches
(7/0)
(6/0)
(5/0)
(4/0)
(3/0)
(2/0)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
0.46
0.4096
0.3648
0.3249
0.2893
0.2576
0.2294
0.2043
0.1819
0.162
0.1443
0.1285
0.1144
0.1019
0.0907
0.0808
0.072
0.0641
0.0571
0.0508
0.0453
0.0403
0.0359
0.032
0.0285
0.0253
0.0226
0.0201
0.0179
0.0159
0.0142
0.0126
0.0113
0.01
0.00893
0.00795
0.00708
0.0063
0.00561
0.005
m
0.011684
0.01040384
0.00926592
0.00825246
0.00734822
0.00654304
0.00582676
0.00518922
0.00462026
0.0041148
0.00366522
0.0032639
0.00290576
0.00258826
0.00230378
0.00205232
0.0018288
0.00162814
0.00145034
0.00129032
0.00115062
0.00102362
0.00091186
0.0008128
0.0007239
0.00064262
0.00057404
0.00051054
0.00045466
0.00040386
0.00036068
0.00032004
0.00028702
0.000254
0.000226822
0.00020193
0.000179832
0.00016002
0.000142494
0.000127
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
0.00445
0.00397
0.00353
0.00314
0.00011303
0.000100838
0.000089662
0.000079756
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