BIOLOGY: The Dynamics of Life

Gamete

Fertilization

Gamete

2n

2n

Zygote

Sporophyte (2n)

2n

Spore

Meiosis

Spore

Gametophyte (n)

Gametophyte (n)

28

Female gametophyte

Male gametophyte

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Life Cycle of
an Alga
BASIC CONCEPTS
Use with Chapter 19,
Section 19.2

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29

Spore-filled
capsule on a
stalk forms

Spores
released

Amoebas feed,
grow, and divide

Slug that
migrates
produced
by mass

Amoeba-like cell
released from
a spore

Life Cycle of
a Slime Mold

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Multicellular
amoeboid mass

Amoebas
gather

Use with Chapter 19,

Section 19.3

BASIC CONCEPTS

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175 species

Oomycotes

450 species

Myxomycotes

10 000 species

Bacillariophytes
800 species

Euglenophytes

Rhizopods

11 500 species

Species numbers are approximate and subject to change pending discoveries or extinctions.

65 species

1000 species

Dinoflagellates

4000 species

Rhodophytes

1500 species

7000 species

Chlorophytes

Phylogeny of Protists

Phaeophytes

30

Acrasiomycotes

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Fungi

Plants

3900 species

Animals

Ciliates

8000 species

Sporozoans

Flagellates

2500 species

Use with Chapter 19,

Sections 19.1, 19.2, 19.3

BASIC CONCEPTS

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31

The Life of a Mushroom

BASIC CONCEPTS
Use with Chapter 20,
Section 20.2

Cap
Basidiospores

Gills

Basidium
Basidiospore

Stipe

Hyphae
Meiosis occurs, forming
four haploid basidiospores.
Basidium

Haploid nuclei fuse,

forming a diploid cell.

Copyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

+ Mating type
Mating type

Hyphae of
two mating
types fuse.
Nuclei remain
separate.
New mycelium
forms. Each
cell has two
haploid nuclei.

Mycelium forms a button, which

develops into a mushroom.

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1000 species

25 000 species

Basidiomycotes

25 000 species

Deuteromycotes

30 000 species

Ascomycotes

Eubacteria

Archaebacteria

Protists

Lichens

20 000 species

Use with Chapter 20,

Section 20.2

BASIC CONCEPTS

Species numbers are approximate and subject to change pending discoveries or extinctions.

Phylogeny of Fungi

Zygomycotes

32

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BIOLOGY: The Dynamics of Life

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6500 species

15 species

100 species

Bryophytes

20 000 species

6 species

Protists

Calamites

Psilophytes

Lepidodendron

11 000 species

Pterophytes

Use with Chapter 21,

Section 21.2

BASIC CONCEPTS

Species
numbers are
approximateMESOZOIC
and subject to change
pending discoveries
or extinctions.
PRESENT
CENOZOIC
PALEOZOIC
PRECAMBRIAN

Anthocerophytes

1150 species

Lycophytes

Phylogeny of Non-Seed Plants

Arthrophytes

33

Hepaticophytes

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65 species

Gnetums

34

Conifers

600 species

Protists

250 000 species

Anthophytes

Use with Chapter 22,

Section 22.3

BASIC CONCEPTS

Species
numbers are
approximateMESOZOIC
and subject to change
pending discoveries
or extinctions.
PRESENT
CENOZOIC
PALEOZOIC
PRECAMBRIAN

Cycads

200 species

1 species

Ginkgoes

Phylogeny of Seed Plants

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35

Phylogeny of
Flowering Plants

BASIC CONCEPTS
Use with Chapter 22,
Section 22.3

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