.

12 2014

2016

12 2014

. - ,

. -
. -

. -
. -
. -
. -
. -

:
()
(V . ..)

:
150

CIP
. ,

111.852 (082)
Kalokgathia :
12 2014
/ [ , ].
: , 2016. 143 . ; 24
.
ISBN 978-608-238-089-6
)
COBISS.MK-ID 100262410

 I, , 2016

.......................................................................................................................................................................5

: ................................................7


HOMO UNIVERSALIS ( , ).......................................................19

I
...................................................................................27

AI ...................................................................................37


THEORIA, PRAXIS TECHNOPOIESIS............................................................................................................45

KALOKAGATHIA.................................................53

AISTHESIS............................................................................................................................................................................73

, A .......................................79

?....................................................................................89

I ... 103

, . I
.....................................................................................................111

I ......119

AI.................................................................................131

......................................................137

TABLE OF CONTENTS
FOREWORD.........................................................................................................................................................................5
Ivan Djeparoski
EXTENSION F THE FIELD OF BEAUTY: KALOKAGATHA...........................................................................7
Vladimir Martinovski
THE ANCIENT IDEAL OF AND THE RENAISSANCE IDEAL
OFHOMO UNIVERSALIS (FROM SAPPHO, THROUGH DANTE AND LEONARDO TO ACO OPOV)............................19
Elena Dzukeska
THE ANCIENT IDEAL OF I THROUGH THE PRISM
OF EPIGRAPHIC EVIDENCE ........................................................................................................................................27
Marija ieva Aleksi
THE CONCEPT OF IN SOME DEUTEROCANONICAL BOOKS
OF THE OLD TESTAMENT ............................................................................................................................................37
Jovanka Kepeska
THE TECHNICAL PROGRESS IS THE BASE FOR THE UNITY
OF THEORIA,PRAXIS AND TECHNOPOIESIS.......................................................................................................45
Marija Todorovska
THE SACRED IN RELATION TO THE GOOD AND THE BEAUTIFUL ..............................................................53
Afrim Redzepi
AISTHESIS............................................................................................................................................................................73
Jasmina Naumoska
THE GOOD, THE BEAUTIFUL AND THE TRUTH IN PLATOS PHILOSOPHY...............................................79
Daniela Tosheva
WHO IS IN ANCIENT GREEK COMEDY?............................................................................89
Vangel Nonevski
THE IDEAL OF KALOKAGATHIA AS A SUPPRESIVE FACTOR FOR ART IN THE PRESENT TENSE. 103
Milan orevi
THE GOOD, THE BEAUTIFULL, AND THE BELOVED. THE ANCIENT IDEAL
IA AND THE GOD OF THE BYZANTINE PHILOSOPHERS.......................................................111
Svetlana Kochovska Stevovikj
THE COMPOUND AI IN LITERARY TRANSLATIONS INTO LATIN.....................................119
Marjan Kalevski
PORPHYRY ON VEGANISM AS AI....................................................................................................131
Darin Angelovski
KALOKAGATHIA IN THE SOCRATIC WORKS OF XENOPHON.........................................................................137

 I, , . 5, 2016

,
12 2014
.
,
, 14 .
,
.
, , ,
.
, , ?
? , ?
, , ,
,
? ?

.
.


.

 I, , . 7-18, 2016

: 111.852 : 17
111.82/.85

. -

, ,
,
(1994),
,
,
.
,
(
), .
,
:
.
, . ; .
; . ( 170).



, , (
), ,
, .
7

 : :

,

, .

(1955) : , ... (,
188) , ,
: , ,
( 331).


,


(1895-1973) (19031969) (Horkheimer-Adorno
1974). , , ,

, , a :
,
(Sappho 29).
I , , , , ... (Marinetti
147) ,
,
(Cage 717). ,

, , ,
. , .

, , , ,
8

 I, , . 7-18, 2016

. ,
,
.
: : ,
, , ,
/// , , ,
, , ,
.
,
,
, -- , , . , ,
, .
, , ,
,

-- ()
, , ? ,
, :

, .
, (, , )
. ,
,

, ,
, (Saito 2007; Goldberg 1997; Gerow 1997; Nasr 1997)

.
9

 : :

, , ,
, , , (: Mothersill 1984; Zemach 1997; Zangwill
2001; Armstrong 2005),
(2004) ,
,
, ,
. ,

( , ,
), , ... (Eko 14).


,
(Tatarkiewich, A History of Six Ideas 121-219).
, kalon,
pulchrum. , , , .

: ? : ! :
!
. (,
!)

,
,
(kalos ; kai agathos ; kals kagaths; kalokagatha -). , , , ,
, ,
, ,
'' (schn) wohl
(), Wohlgestalt (, ) wohlgebildet
( , ). ,
schn (), '' ( 44).
10

 I, , . 7-18, 2016

, , , , ,
, ( 570).

(10.365): , (mens sana in corpore sano),
.
,

e, , ,
(D. L. I.37).
,
(Xen. Mem. III8, 3-10)


. , (Xen. Ec. VI13)
:
, , ,
. , ,
.
,

.

,


, , , .
.
?
? ,
, ( 82).
11

 : :

,
, , , ,
, , (
Hippias Major ?), .
, , , , .
(Plat. Sym. 210E-211D)
. , , . , ,
,
, .
: "Pulchrum et perfectum idem est".


(, , ),
.

.
(Tatarkiewich, A History of Six Ideas 123).

,
, , ,
.
( ) , , : ,
(Plat. Phaedrus 246E), ,
, ,
(Tatarkiewich, A History of Six Ideas 1-4).

. .. ,
kalon ,

(kalon) ,
: , ,

honestum, ( ) (Long 60).
12

 I, , . 7-18, 2016

, ,
(
) . , to kalon, (kalos)
(to kalon) .
'' . , , :
.
'': kalos , ,
. ,
(Sartwell 88).
,
kalokagatha
, .
() (V . ..), , :
,
,

, kalokagatha, , (Eko 45).

, (Poems, 1820),
, :
Beauty is truth, truth beauty, that is all
Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know.

John Keats, Ode on a Grecian Urn (Keats, 1919)

,
.
( 73)

,
: (Beauty is
the mark God sets upon virtue) [Ralph Waldo Emerson, Nature (1836), Chapter 3:
13

 : :

Beauty], ,
, , . ,
, ,
(1947), - - ()
,

. ,
()
, 1990


, . ( ),
() () .
kalokagatha

.
(Bosanquet 1892),
(Croce 1991 [1900]), (Gilbert-Kun
1969 [1939]), (Tatarkiewicz 1970-1974),
(Beardsley 1975 [1966]) (Grli 1974-1979). ,
kalokagatha, ,
,
.

, ,
, , , ,
, , ,
14

 I, , . 7-18, 2016

,
kalokagatha , , () , , ()
, (Jaeger 13).
, ,
, ,
, kalokagatha,
.
, ,

. ,
,
kalokagatha , ()
(
kalokagatha) , , .

15

 : :

( )
, . . . .
(.). : , 2004. 330-345.
, . . : , 1974 [1962].
. .
: -, 2004.
, . .
: , 2006.
, . . , (.).
: , I. : , 2011.
, . : , :
, 1991.
, . . : , 1999.

( )
Armstrong, J. The Secret Power of Beauty. London: Penguin Books, 2005.
Beardsley, M. Aesthetics from Classical Greece to the Present. Tuscaloosa and
London: The University of Alabama Press, 1975 [1966].
Bosanquet, B. A History of Aesthetics. London-New York: Swan Sonnenschein & Co.
Macmillan & Co, 1892.
Cage, J. On Ronbert Rauschenberg, Artist and his Work. Charles Harrison & Paul
Wood (Eds.). Art in Theory 1900-1990. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 1992 [1961].
Croe, B. Estetika. Zagreb: Globus, 1991 [1900].
Eko, U. Istorija lepote. Beograd: Plato, 2004.
Gerow, E. Indian Aesthetics. E. Deutsch and R. Bontekoe (ds.). A Companion to
World Philosophies. Malden, Mass.: Blackwell Publishers, 1997. 304-23.
Gilbert, K.E., H. Kun. Istorija estetike. Beograd: Kultura, 1969 [1939].
Goldberg, S.J. Chinese Aesthetics. E. Deutsch and R. Bontekoe (ds.). A Companion
to World Philosophies. (ds.). Malden, Mass.: Blackwell Publishers, 1997. 225-234.
Grli, D. Estetika I-IV. Zagreb: Naprijed, 1974-1979.
Horkheimer, M., T.W. Adorno. Dijalektika prosvetiteljstva. Sarajevo: Veselin Maslea,
1974 [1944].

16

 I, , . 7-18, 2016

Jaeger, W. Paideia: The Ideals of Greek Culture. Trans. by Gilbert Highet.

New York: Oxford University Press, 1945.
Keats, J. The Oxford Book of English Verse: 2501900. (Ed.) Arthur Quiller-Couch.
Oxford: Clarendon, 1919.
Long, A.A. Later Ancient Ethics. The Routledge Companion to Ethics. (d.) John
Skorupski. London and New York: Routledge, 2010. 52-62.
Marinetti, Filippo, Tommaso. The Foundation and Manifesto of Futurism. Art
in Theory 1900-1990 (ds.) Charles Harrison & Paul Wood, Oxford: Blackwell
Publishers, 1992 [1909].
Mothersill, Mary. Beauty Restored, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1984.
Nasr, Seyyed Hossein. Islamic Aesthetics. E. Deutsch and R. Bontekoe (ds.).
A Companion to World Philosophies. Malden, Mass.: Blackwell Publishers, 1997.
448-459.
Saito, Yuriko. Everyday Aesthetics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007.
Sappho. Poems. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill Co., 1967.
Sartwell, C. Six Names of Beauty. New York, London: Routledge, 2004 .
Tatarkiewicz, W. History of Aesthetics Vol. I-III. The Hague-Paris-London-Warszawa:
Martinus Nijhoff-PWN, 1970-1974.
Tatarkiewich, W. A History of Six Ideas. Warszawa-The Hague-Boston-London:
PWN-Martinus Nijhoff, 1980.
Zangwill, N. The Mtaphysics of Beauty. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2001.
Zemach, E. Real Beauty. University Park, Pa.: Pennsylvania State
University Press, 1997.

17

 : :

Ivan Djeparoski
Extension f the Field of Beauty: Kalokagatha
Summary
In this article the connection between beauty, good and truth is interpreted, and
these concepts are explained historically and theoretically starting from the age of
antiquity through the modern era. That is why, at the beginning of the investigation
of the idea of beauty, it is explained how, why and when this idea goes together with
the ideas of good and truth, and then the connection between beauty and good in the
term beauty-and-goodness (kalokagatha) is particularly stressed. In fact, that is the
methodology in our approach: to interpret the understanding of beauty in antiquity
and to show the so-called extension of the field of fight for beauty. Further, the
article stresses the reason this classical idea has fallen into oblivion in the field of
aesthetics, as well as it surveys the treatment of kalokagatha in various systematic
works. Finally, the article examines the newly established interest in the aesthetics
for the idea of kalokagatha, which was until recently partly obsolete.
Key words
beauty, good, kalokagatha, aesthetics

18

 I, , . 19-26, 2016

: 111.852 : 17

, -

HOMO UNIVERSALIS

( , )

1.
.
( : ?, ? ?)
, .
, , , // // //. ,
() - , ,
, ,
, homo universalis
.
2.
- (
) : - -.
, VII VI .., , (,
, ) 19

 : homo universalis...

- . ( ) :
, ,
, !

(. . 101 )

, : , ( ) ,
: , ( )
.
,
- : (sine qu
non) ! . , , :
, !
(1265-1321),
, , , , , , ,

.
, (Inferno, 1307)
, .
, :
.
.
.
(, XXXIV, 34-37)

,
( ), , : /
.
20

 I, , . 19-26, 2016

3.
,
, , , ,
. ( )
homo universalis (luomo universale),
( , ).
, , .

,
.
( 37). , :

(Ibid.). ,
, .
, ,
. ( ) , , ,
. , ( ), . ,

(10981179), ,
: , , , , , ,
, .
,
, ,
.
,
21

 : homo universalis...

. , ,
,
, :
, , '' (Ibid.).

,
. , , , ,
, ,
. : Facile cosa farsi universale (
). ? !
, ,
() ,
. ,

, , (),
. 75- ,
,

:
,
, .
,
. , , , ,
, ,
.
( 40)

, , , -

22

 I, , . 19-26, 2016

. :

,
. , ,
,
,
, -
-.
, 76- , , :
,
,
, ,
, .
( 40)

,
,
, , , , . ,
. ,
. ,
, ,
.

,

,
.. .
, , ,
,

,
( 38). , -
.
23

 : homo universalis...

4.

.
,

- ,
(1923-1983),
:
.
.


, .
(...)
,
,



.

, . /
, ( ). ,
: , .

:
.
, , :
? , ?
, , ,
?
?


?
24

 I, , . 19-26, 2016

, . . . . : , ,
, 1988.
. ,
. : , 1996.
Da Vini, Leonardo. Traktat o slikarstvu. rev. Vjera Bakoti Mijukovi. Beograd:
Bata, 1990.
, . 1304-1576.
: , 1999.
, . XIII
XVI ( , ). :
, 2007.
, Umberto (Prir.). Istorija lepote. Beograd: Plato, 2004.
, Umberto (Prir.). Istorija runoe. Beograd: Plato. 2007.
, . . : . :
, 2012.
, . . . :
, 1987.

25

 : homo universalis...

Vladimir Martinovski
The Ancient Ideal of and
The Renaissance Ideal ofHomo Universalis
(From Sappho, through Dante and Leonardo to Aco opov)

Summary
It is inevitable to mention the phrase homo universalis (luomo universale) among the
fundamental ideals of humanist education and the Renaissance worldview. Therefore, this contribution focuses on several possible interpretations of the ideal of
universal man, in which there are hints and echoes of the ancient ideal of harmony
between good and evil. In this context, the contribution offers possible interpretations of Leonardos renowned declaration: Facile cosafarsi universale (It is easy
to become universal).
When re-evaluating the relationships between good and beauty, in addition to Leonardos views, we will also analyse the poetry of the ancient Greek poetess Sappho,
the Italian poet Dante Alighieri and the contemporary Macedonian poet Aco opov.
These poets verses serve as an illustration that the ancient ideal ofhas
persisted throughout the centuries, and poets have occasionally let us know that
we will not forget it.
Key words
, homo universalis (universal man), Renaissance, Leonardo, Sappho,
Dante Alighieri, Aco opov

26

 I, , .27-35, 2016

: 930.2 : 003.071 "652"

, -

( )
1, .
- .
, , , , , ,
.
, ,
(McLean 238 ;
Reinach 369 ).
,
, , ,
, , .
, .
.... (Hdt. I.30.19);
(Hdt. II.144.1) , .
(Ar.fr.205.8.K.A.). ,
. (Herman
Wankel, Kalos kai Agathos, PhD Diss., Wurzburg, 1961, Donlan 365),
,

. (Flix Bourriot, Kalos agathos Kalokagathia. Dun terme d propagande
sophists une notion sociale et philosophique, Hildesheim Zrich New York, 1995, Cairns
74-75; Bernard 491-492), ,

, .

27

, , , (McLean 233 ; Reinach 358

).
,

. ,

.

() 2 :
(IPerg.I/160fr.B.44, , 175 . . .),
, :
(IPerg. I/160fr.B.32, , 175 .
. .) , ;
[] (IG II2 1228.9-10, , 116/5 . . .), ; (IG XII,1/110.5, ,
1 . . ..), ; [] []
(IG XII.3/485.3-4, , 2- . . ..),
; (SEG 21/441.21, ,
181-180 . . ..), ;
(ID 1923bis.4-5, , 126-125 . . ..), .

, .
, , , , : (IG XII,9/236.16, - , 100 .
...), ; (IvO 318.3, , 169 . ...), ( , )
; [] (IG II2 1326.41 , 176175 . . ..), ; (IG II2 1228.10,
, 116-115 . . ..), .
2

. ,
, , , , . (IG IV2,
1/63.10, , 115-114 . . ..); [ (IG IV/756.10-11,
, 197-195 . . ..).

28

 I, , .27-35, 2016

, ,
, ,
, . IG XII,7/11.3, , 4-/ 3- . . ..; SEG
34/553.3 , , 150 . . .. , .:
(Tit.Calymni 18.3-5, , 280-260 . . ..),
,
[ ] (ID 1520.7-8,
, 153-152 . . ..),
.
, ,
, . ,
IG IV2, 1/128 (, 280 . . ..), ()
3 (. 21-24):
........
,

...

...() ( )

, ...

IG II2, 1006 (, 122/121 . . ..),

, ,
, , (. 86-88):
] [ ] [][] [ ] [
] [ ] []
[ ] [] [] [ ]

79 , .
,
, .
, .

( II), . Sineuax 154-155, 165; Rubel
166-167.

29

ae
, 4.

5,
. IThesp. 30.5-9 (217-212 . . ..):
..... [] ,
[]

....

...
, , () ....

, . ,
, .
, .
[] [ ] [ ] [
] [ ] ... (McCabe, Iasos 24.31-33, ,
1 . . ..), ,
....
, , .
, ,
6.
,
. Miller 195.
5
IThesp 36-37.
6
,
Gauthier 7 . ,
.
, , .
4

30

 I, , .27-35, 2016

, 2, 1 . . .. ,
, .
(IG V,2/266.32-34, , 46-43 . . ..), ,
, () ...7.
, ( )
, . ...
... (FD III, 2/70.a55, , 112/111 . . ..),
( ); ... ... (IG XII.5/653.44, ,
1- . . ..), ... () ....

. ,
. ...
... (Th.Hist.8.48.6); , ,
...; ... ,
( ),
( ), (Arist.Pol.1270b24), ... ,
, ,
...8.
.
, ,
, ,
, , , , , , , , , , , ,
, , .
, . ,
,

,
, Gauthier 66 .
7
, Gauthier 74-75.
8
. (, ,
, ). : , 2006.

31

, , , ,
.
, , , , , , , , ,
.
,
, , . ( ) ( , )
, , .
nobilis (.), noble (., .), nobile (.).
,
. ,
, . IThesp. 30, , ,
, . IG II2, 1006, .
, , , e, . (Hdt. I.30.19), ... , , ... ( . 1).

,
. , , , . , , ,
. , , .
Ar. Ra. 727-729:


....

,
, ,
, ...9.
. ( , ). :
, 2000.

32

 I, , .27-35, 2016

, . Pl. Resp. 376c4-5:
....
..., :

?10

,
.
,
-
, . Ar. Eq. 176-178,
, ,
, . Hom. Il.21.106-110:

, .

,

, , ! ?
, .
, , ?
;
.11

. ( , , ).
: , 2002.
11
. (, , . ). :
, 1982.
10

33

Bernard, Colin. Flix Bourriot, Kalos Kagathos Kalokagathia. Dun terme de

propagande de sophistes une notion sociale et philosophique, Lantiquite
classique 66 (1997): 491-492.
Cairns, Douglas L. Kalokagathia, The Classical Review 47.1 (1997): 74-76.
Donlan, Walter. The Origin of , AJPhil. 94.4 (1973): 365-374.
Gauthier, Philippe. Les cits grecques et leurs bienfaiteurs. BCH Supplment XII, 1985.
IThesp = Roesch, Paul. Les Inscriptions des Thespies. d. lectronique, ed. G. Argoud,
A. Schachter, G. Vottro. Lyon, 2007.
McLean, B. Hudson. An Introduction to Greek Epigraphy of the Hellenistic and Roman
Periods from Alexander the Great down to the Reign of Constantine (323 B.C A.D.
337). Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press, 2009.
Miller, G. Stephen. Ancient Greek Athletics. New Haven London: Yale University
Press, 2004.
Reinach, Salomon. Trait dpigraphie Grecque. Paris: Ernest Leroux, 1885.
Rubel, Alexander. Personliche Frmmigkeit und religises Erlebnis Wesenszge der
griechischen Religion am Beispiel von Heilkulten. Numen 60 (2013): 447-472.
Sineaux, Pierre. Le pan d Isyllos: forme et finalits dun chant religieux dans le
culte dAsklpios pidaure, Kernos 12 (1999): 153-166.

34

 I, , .27-35, 2016

Elena Dzukeska
The Ancient Ideal of i through the Prism
of Epigraphic Evidence
Summary
The expressions and ( ) are recorded
not only in the Ancient Greek literature, but also on epigraphic monuments. On the
honorific decrees from the Hellenistic-Roman period the phrase
, on account of the excellence, goodwill and benefaction,
typically stated as a formal reason for conferring an honor to a citizen, is often substituted by the phrase , meaning on
the account of the excellence, goodwill and nobleness. In other variations of this
phrase and in different contexts, is coupled with , reverence,
, righteousness, , affectionateness, , forethought
and other nouns denoting internal qualities of a person. Although the epigraphic
evidence is not archaic, it reveals important aspects which are relevant for the understanding of the ancient ideal of . The comparison of the examples
found on inscriptions and in literary works shows that the meaning of
on the inscriptions from the Hellenistic-Roman period is very often confined to
, well-doing, benefaction and that the description of the person who is
no longer includes adjectives relative to the physical beauty.
Key words
, , epigraphic monuments

35

 I, , . 37-44, 2016

: 2-23-242

, -
, /
.

AI

.
,
1.
2.

3 ,
. ,


, ..
.
.
,
: 1) , .. . Hsch.: , .
. Hsch.: .
3
50.000 ,
,
,
.
1

37

; 2)
; 3)
, .
,
, ,
, , ,
, ; .

lectio varior
( ), (4).
,
,
,
.
4,
,

, , , 5.
, ,
:
41, 7-10: 7)
, 8) ,
. 9)

. 10)
,
.

6:
Septuaginta. Id est Vetus Testamentum graece iuxta LXX interpretes. Ed. Alfred Rahlfs. Stuttgart:
Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, 1982.
5
ibid. in apparatu critica pg.1157 : 8 () S+.
6

.
. ,
.
4

38

 I, , . 37-44, 2016

41, 7-10: 7)
() ; 8)
7 ( , ,
)
, ,
. 9) ,
, . 10)
, ,
() 8
( ),
, .

,
, ,
...
(). ,

.
41, 8 ,
.
,
:
413, 17-18: 17) 18) .

. <http://www.svetosavlje.org/bibliotekA/Svetopismo/
Makaveji/04.htm.> (), 5 2014 ; :
Cotton, Henry. The Five Books of Maccabees (in English). Oxford: At the University Press 1832 (),
: Holy Bible (with the apocryphal/deuterocanonical books). New
Revised Standard Version. New York: Oxford University Press, 1989 ().
7
... . : ( ) ...; : from the
magnanimity of those; : from the noble bravery of those...
8
. : ( = );
: for the sake of that which is right; : for the sake of nobility and goodness

39

413, 17-18: 17): , 18) , ( ) 9

.

,
/, . , , ,
:
411, 21-23: 21) , , . 22)
23)
, .

411, 21-23: 21) (/

), . 22) , ,
( )10
, 23) , , , ,
, .

()
. .
,
:
413, 23-26: 23) . 24)
. 25) 26)
.
( ) ... . :
( = ) ...; : by honourable uprightness of Principle...;
: by nobility of reason
10
: . :
(); : armed with honour and virtue; : I also, equipped with nobility.
9

40

 I, , . 37-44, 2016

413, 23-26: 23)

,
. 24)
,
. 25)
, 26) ()
().11

,
:
415, 6-10: 6)
, 7)
, 8)
. 9)
. 10)

.

415, 6-10: 6) ,
, . 7)

. 8)
, .
9) , , ,
. 10) ,
,
,
12.

.
.
. :
( ); : virtous morals; :.. acommon zeal for nobility.
12
. . :
( = ) ; : on account of her sons noble conduct; : because
of the nobility of her sons.
11

41

,
4, .
,
.
(. 1: 5:56; 8:2; 9:22; 10:15) . (.
E 10:2).
41, 8.
(1)
: ,
, .
, , . ,

.13
.

,

(1,1; 7,26;
12,22) (45,23). ,
. . ,
, /.

10:2
: bravery,
manly virtue, heroism, Lust ohan, Erik Eynikel and Katrin Hauspie (eds.). A Greek- English Lexicon of
the Septuagint. Part I. Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, 1996.v.s. .

13

42

 I, , . 37-44, 2016

Cotton, Henry. The Five Books of Maccabees (in English). Oxford: At the University
Press, 1832.
Hesychii Alexandrini Lexicon (A-O). Ed. K. Latte, vols. 1-2. Copenhagen: Munksgaard,
1953-1966.
Holy Bible (with the apocryphal/deuterocanonical books). New Revised Standard
Version. New York: Oxford University Press, 1989.
Lampe, Geoffrey W. H. (ed.). A Patristic Greek Lexicon. Oxford: At the Clarendon
Press, 1984.
Lust, ohan and Erik Eynikel, Katrin Hauspie (eds.). A Greek- English Lexicon of the
Septuagint. Part I. Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, 1996.
Septuaginta. Id est Vetus Testamentum graece iuxta LXX interpretes. Ed. Alfred Rahlfs.
Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, 1982.
Sophocles, Evangelinus A. Greek Lexicon of the Roman and Byzantine Periods (from
B.C. 146 to A.D. 1100). New York: Charles Scribners Sons 1887.
. : , 1991.
. .
<http://www.svetosavlje.org/bibliotekA/Svetopismo/Makaveji/04.htm.>
5 2014 .
Suda (vel Suidas) Lexicon. Ed. Ada Adler. Suidae lexicon. 4 vols. Repr. Stuttgart: In
aedibus B. G. Teubneri, 1967-1971.

43

Marija ieva Aleksi

The Concept of in Some Deuterocanonical Books
of the Old Testament
Summary
The main inspiration for this paper was the use of the term that we
find in the Hesycius Lexicon. Actually, in the aforementioned Lexicon the term
occurs twice. Firstly, it functions to explain another gloss, that is to
say, another term from the Greek language that could be provisionally included in
the vocabulary of ancient ethics. In this case the word the charac
ter and conduct of , together with the word the recognized
glory to someone serves to explain the meaning of the word . The word
in the Hesycius Lexicon appears also as a lemma explained only by
the word goodness. Thus, it becomes evident that, regarding the original
meaning of this very important term for ancient classical ethics, its meaning has
been changed to some extent. Besides the usual meaning the character and conduct
of , or nobility of character, virtue, and even goodness, the use of the
word in different contexts in the Fourth Book of Maccabees allows other more specific semantic realizations such as: excellence of reason, upright virtue, what is right
and honourable or excellent disposition.
Later on we find an identical explanation for the lemma in the Lexicon
of Su(i)das. Thus, the significance of this important philosophical term is fixed solely
by the reference to its partial content or interpretation of the term
being equated with the meaning the term goodness, friendly disposition,
kindness.
Key words
semantic change, , , The Septuagint, deuterocanonical books

44

 I, , . 45-52, 2016

: 316.422.4 : 316.334.22

( ), -

THEORIA, PRAXIS TECHNOPOIESIS

, , ,
.

.
perpetuum mobile,
, , , .
, , , ,
. .
. ,
, .
, ,
,
(Heidegger 91 ). .
. ,
,
.
,
.
45

 : theoria, praxis technopoiesis

, 20- .
.
,
.
, ,
, , ,
, .

.
, ,
- , . ,
. , -- .
, , o
.
, , , 1966 , ,
, ,
, .
, , ,
, (Sutli, Razgovor s
Heideggerom 322).
, , . a 1966 ,
, : , , ,
(ibid.).
,
, ,
(Sutli, Praksa rada kao znanstvena povijest 288).
46

 I, , . 45-52, 2016

, , ,
, ,
,
,
,

.
, . , ?
,
.
.
, .
(Heidegger 30).
,
. ( ) .
,
, , , ,
.

.
, :
[] , ,
, .

- ,
, .
.

47

 : theoria, praxis technopoiesis

,
. .
, 1.

: ,
, 1857/58.
. . in fact
(Marx 68), (, .).
o , .
.

, , , , , (Sutli, Bit
i suvremenost 146).
, , .
, , , ,

, .. , .
, , , , , ,
.
, , , ,
, , , , (Sutli, Bit i suvremenost 156).

( )
. ,
, .
, , ,
Sutli Praksa rada kao znanstvena povijest 288: K. Marx, Grundrisse der Politischen
konomie. Berlin: Dietz, 1953, . 189.

48

 I, , . 45-52, 2016

,
, ,
.
, , , ,
, .
, , ,
, .
, ,
.
, .


,
.
, , , .
, techne ,
,
theoria, praxis technopoiesis (Sutli, Praksa rada kao znanstvena povijest 31).
:
.
.
Praksa rada kao znanstvena povijest
:
-- ? (Sutli, Praksa rada kao znan
stvena povijest 285). , , , ,
,
,
.
,
-- .
,
, .
49

 : theoria, praxis technopoiesis

,

.
, ,
, , ,
, .
, .
,
.
,
, theoria, praxis technopoiesis.
: ( ), .

50

 I, , . 45-52, 2016

Hegel, Georg Vilhelm Fridrih. Filozofija povijesti. Zagreb: Naprijed, 1966.

Heidegger, Martin. Uvod u Heideggera. Zagreb: Centar za drutvene djelatnosti RK
SOH, 1972.
, . - . :
, 1982.
Marx, Karl i Friedrich Engels. Ekonomsko-filozofski rukopisi iz 1844. Rani radovi.
Zagreb: Naprijed, 1973.
Marx, Karl. Temelji slobode. Zagreb: Naprijed, 1974.
Sutli, Vanja. Bit i suvremenost. Sarajevo: Veselin Maslea, 1972.
Sutli, Vanja. Praksa rada kao znanstvena povijest. Zagreb: Globus, 1987.
Sutli, Vanja. Razgovor s Heideggerom 23. rujna 1966 Kako itati Heideggera.
Zagreb: August Cesarec, 1989. 303-331.

51

 : theoria, praxis technopoiesis

Jovanka Kepeska
The Technical Progress is the Base for the Unity of Theoria,
Praxis and Technopoiesis
Summary
The contemporary criticism of the actual society needs a lived experience of thinking and upgrading the knowledge about the meaning of technical progress. The ancient ideal of kalaokagathia is nowadays transformed in the unity of theoria, praxis
and technopoiesis.
Key words
progress, humanism, theoria, praxis and technopoiesis

52

 I, , . 53-71, 2016

: 130.2:2] : 111.84/.85

kalokagathia

,
,
,
, ,
, .
,
homo religiosus,
, , ,
. /
, , . , , , .
, ,
, . () ,
. ,
, ,
, .

,
,
.
, , ,
53

/
/ . ()
() ,
. , , , ,
, .
, : ()
,
kalokagathia, . ,
,
, , ,
, , - ( ,
), ,
. , ,
. ,
: ,
, .

ritus ritus, . ,
,
, .
,
,
, ,
, . ,
. ,
, , ,
, , . , 54

 I, , . 53-71, 2016

( -), ,

. ,
, ,
, , , . , -
, . // (nihil per
excellentiam), , (nihil per privationem)1.
,
(). , , ,
, . .
, (Schlegel)
,
. , : , , , , , . , ,
. .
ja a , (Dilthey), , ,
, ,
( ).
,
.


e (mile Durkheim), ( )
, , (
, ,
)
(Rudolf Otto).
,
.

55

.
,
, ,
. ,
,

, .
2.
,
, . , .
.
, ,
. ,
, . ,
.
, ,
.
, ,
,
(Durkheim, De la dfinition des phnomnes religieux 17).
,
, ,
,
, ,
.
,
.

2

, , ,
,
.

56

 I, , . 53-71, 2016

. ,
,

.

.
,
,
. .
,
, . , , , , .
, , , ,
,
. , , , :

. . ,
.
, 3. .
(
(Mauro Piras),
. ,


. ,
,
(Piras 146).

() .

. , ,
,
(. VII II Les formes lmentaires ).
.
, ,
, , ,
, (Piras 148).

57

). (
.), , ,

(Durkheim, De la division du travail social 23). ,
, , ,
... (Durkheim, p. cit. 24).
, ,
. ,
... (Durkheim,
p. cit. 30).
. ,
, ,
, .


.

: ...
, ,
(Durkheim, Les formes lmentaires de la vie religieuse 65).

. nne sociologique,
, .

, , ,
.
,
58

 I, , . 53-71, 2016

.
, ,
, ,
, , ,
. (Das Heilige, 1917),
,
. , , , ,
, .
, , ,
: arreton ineffabile ,
(Otto, Das Heilige 5).
,
, , : , .
(Immanuel Kant),
, . , , , , , ,
(Otto, Das Heilige 6).
, .
,
, . , , .
. , 4,
, , , ,
.
, , , , ,
. (Todd A. Gooch) ,
. ( ),
(holier than thou),
( ),
. ,
(Gooch 107).

59

(Ibid). ,
qadosh, hagios sanctus, sacer5,
. (,
) , .. ,
. , , , ,
(Otto, Das Heilige 6-7).
sui generis . ,
,
o . ,
, , , , , .

ganz andere (thateron, anyad, alienum), .
, , ,
. , ,
. , ... ysterium (Otto, Das Heilige 52), .
, , .
,
,
. , ,
o ,

,
(Poland 175).
BrownDriverBriggs,
, qadosh ,
qadash, ,
A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament, Clarendon Press, London,
1906 . KBL, (Koehler) (Baumgartner),
, ,
.

60

 I, , . 53-71, 2016

, ,
(unauswickelbar).
. ,
.
, ,
.
, . ,
. ,
, . ,
, . , ,
(Otto, Das Heilige 53, passim). ,
,
. ,
, .
, ,
, ,
. , . . , ,
, .

(Tatarkiewicz 202-203). - (Pseudo-Longinus), ,
,
(Peri hips. VII 2).
,
(VII, 4).
,
, (IX, 8).
, ,
( 24).
61

- ,

.
- ,
,
.
, -.
(Edmund Burke)
. , ,
,
(Burke 116). , ,
, , , .
, :
(Burke 117).
,
, ...
, (Dickie 16)6.
,
, , (Burke 119). , , , -,
.
, , (Burke 122).
,
, ... (Burke 56-57).
, , , , ,
. , ,
(Burke 50-51). , ,
.
, ,
(Shaw 54).

62

 I, , . 53-71, 2016

, , , .,
,
,
. , , , , ,
,
. , , (Burke 51-52)7.
, .
(Beobachtungen ber das Gefhl des
Schnen und Erhabenen, 1771) . (, ), .
, ,
, , .
, , ... ,
(Kant, Beobachtungen ber das Gefhl des Schnen und Erhabenen 4-5).
, .
. ,
. ,
(Kant, Beobachtungen ber das Gefhl
des Schnen und Erhabenen 6).
(Kritik der Urteilskraft, 1792)
.
, , ,
,
(Kant, Kritik der Urteilskraft 165-166).
,

, , ,
.

63

, .
, ,
...
, (Kant, Kritik der Urteilskraft 165).
: ,
... (Kant, Kritik der Urteilskraft 169); ,
... , ,
(Kant, Kritik der Urteilskraft 184).
. T ,
, ,
,
. ,
, , , ,
, .
, ,
, ,
(Kant, Kritik
der Urteilskraft 185). . , ,

.
. , , , . ,
, ,
, , ,
, ,
, ,
(Kant, Kritik der Urteilskraft 195). ,
,
o
. ,
, . ;
64

 I, , . 53-71, 2016

;
(Kant, Kritik der
Urteilskraft 196). , .
,
. , .
, , , 8.


(Kantisch-Friesische Religionsphilosophie). , (Fries)
,
. . , , . , (Otto, The Philosophy of Religion
Based on Kant and Fries 93-94)9.
, .
- (n Francois-Lyotard),
.
.
, , , .
, , , .
, .
, , .
. ,
. ,
, ,
. , ,
.
, , , (
) , (Lyotard 188-189).
9
O ,
, , , ,

. , , , .
.
, ,
, ,
, . ,
, , ,
, ,
(Otto, The Philosophy of Religion Based on Kant and Fries 133-134).
8

65

, ,
.
.
, , - , ,
, hnung ( )
,
,
, , , .
, ,
o , . , ,
, , ,
10. , ,
, , , (Otto,
Das Heilige 80)11.
( ),
.
: ,
.
. ,
,
, Ahnung,
.
, ,
, (Bastow 164). , ..
,
. , . ,
, , .
. ,
,
. Ahnung,
, ,
(Bastow, Ibid.).
11

.
,
.
, ,
, .
, , ,
, , ,
(Otto, Das Heilige 81).
10

66

 I, , . 53-71, 2016

,
12. ,
. 13.
, numen praesens14.

.
, ,
. , , ,
,
. , , -, ,
, , . ,
,
.
, , , . ,
. . , ,
,
, .
, , .
, .

, , , .
,
.
13
- ,

.
14
, o (Almond)

. ,

( ,
(Almond, 83).
12

67

, .
, ,
.

68

 I, , . 53-71, 2016

Almond, Philip C. Rudolf Otto: An Introduction to His Philosophical Theology. Chapel

Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1984.
Bastow, David. Otto and Numinous Experienc, Religious Studies, Vol. 12, No. 2
(1976): 159-176.
Brown, Francis, Robinson Edward, Briggs, Charles A. A Hebrew and English Lexicon of
the Old Testament. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1906.
Burke, dmund. A Philosophical Inquiry Into the Origin of Our Ideas of the Sublime
and Beautiful with Several Other Additions. New York: P. F. Collier&Son Company,
1909-14.
Dickie, George. Introduction to Aesthetics: An Analytic Approach. New York and
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997.
Durkheim, mile. De la dfinition des phnomnes religieux. Anne sociologique, II,
(1897-1898): 1-28, Les classiques des sciences sociales, Universit du Qubec
Chicoutimi, 2002.
Durkheim, mile. De la division du travail social. Paris: Alcan, 1893.
Durkheim, mile. Les formes lmentaires de la vie religieuse. Paris: PUF, 1968.
Gooch, Todd. A. The Numinous and Modernity. Berlin-New York: Walter de Gruyter,
2000.
Kant, Immanuel. Beobachtungenber das GefhldesSchnenund Erhabenen. Riga:
FriedrichHartnoch, 1771.
Kant, Immanuel. Kritik der Urteilskraft, 1792, Die digitaleBibliothek der Philosophie,
Band 2, vgl.Kant-W Bd. 10.
Lyotard, Jean-Francois. Lessons on the Analytic of the Sublime, lizabeth Rottenberg,
trans. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1994.
Otto, Rudolf. Das Heilige - ber das Irrationale in der Idee des Gttlichen und sein
Verhltnis zum Rationalen, 4 Auflage. Breslau: Trewendt-Granier, 1920.
Otto, Rudolf. The Philosophy of Religion Based on Kant and Fries. E. B. Dicker, trans.
New York: Richard R. Smith Inc Publishers, 1931.
Piras, Mauro. Les fondements sociaux de lagir normatif chez Durkheim et Weber :
le role du sacr. Arch. de Sc. soc. des Rel. (2004): 139-166.
Poland, Lynn. The Idea of the Holy and the History of the Sublime, The Journal of
Religion, Vol. 72, No. 2 (1992):175-197.
Pseudo-Longinus. On the Sublime, trans. W. Rhys Roberts (ed). Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 1899.
Shaw, Philip. The Sublime. New York: Routledge, 2006.

69

Tatarkiewicz, Wadysaw. Historia de seis ideas, trans. Francisco Rodriguez Martin.

Madrid: Cronos, 2000.
, . . : , 2008.

70

 I, , . 53-71, 2016

Marija Todorovska
The Sacred in Relation to the Good and the Beautiful
Summary
The belief in the sacred as basis of religion is analysed through the difficulty to define it otherwise than in opposition with the profane, due to its super-rationality,
otherworldliness and mysterious power, and in connection to the concept of kalokagathia. The methodological problems of the ineffability of the sacred are outlined
through the inability to frame the sacred in rational and emotional parameters,
other than by analogies and vague approximations to experiences of the profane
reality. Hence the possibility to demonstrate the sacred as a performative power
which provides the fundament of the collective tribal rules (and later societal order)
stipulated within the religious cult, as a moral, normative basis of the custom law
in Durkheims theory of religion, as well as the possibility to theoretically compare,
but not equate, the sentiments of the numinous as something which is completely
other, mysterious and overwhelming, to the sentiments provoked by the beautiful
and especially the sublime, in Ottos phenomenology of religion.
Key words
sacred, good, rule, sublime, beautiful

71

 I, , . 73-78, 2016

: 111.852

, -

.

AISTHESIS

, kalokagathia,
, .
. . : ,
(Grliq 67); (Grliq 238); (Grliq 325).
, (symmetria) (harmonia). (Polykleitos), (Leonardo Da Vinci),
(Le Corbusier),
. , (Max Bense), :
, ( 89). ,

, -. ,
,
(Immanuel Kant) , : , , , (Tatarkijevi
310). , , , (Friedrich
Nietzsche): ( ) ?
, . (Wilhelm
Wundt) (Gustav Fechner), a ,
73

 : Aisthesis

.
, , (Pablo
Picasso), , .
, , ,
,
, .

(Michelangelo).
, , ..
. ,
. (David Freedberg) : , (Freedberg and
Gallese 197-203).
(Paul
Cesanne), . , . .
, ,
, .
(Van Gogh), , , ,
. .
,
(1907) ( 162) .
, ,
. readymade (Marcel Duchamp), ,
, ( 356). ,
, - (Andy Warhol),
, . : 210 -, ,
., ,
: (Wrhol 107).
,
,
32 - , 32
. ,
74

 I, , . 73-78, 2016

(Joseph Beuys), , , .
, ("I Like America and America Likes Me"
performance, 1974), ,
: -, ,
.
(Gilles Deleuze) (Felix Guattari), , , .
, , , . , , , .
: oa ( 206).

, , ,
. , , ;
, .
, ,
, , .
, :
, . , .
,
. , :
, ,
. , , , , .
, ,
( 250).

, : . , ,
75

 : Aisthesis

(James Joyce). , , , ,
.
, . , , , ,
, .. ,
(Hans-Georg Gadamer):
, , ,
( 138).
(Paul dHolbach), , ,
, (Holbah 56).
,
(
), .
- , , ,
. , ,
, ,
, , (Umberto Eco): ? (co 9).

76

 I, , . 73-78, 2016

, . , ,
, . : , 2007.
, . ? : , 1995.
Eco, Umberto. Pr letrsin. Tiran: Dituria, 2007.
Freedberg, David and Vittorio Gallese. Motion, emotion and empathy in esthetics
experience. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 11, 5 (2007): 197-203.
, -. . : , 2005.
Grliq, Danko. Estetika. Prishtin: Hejza, 1984.
Holbah, Pol. Sistem prirode. Beograd: Prosveta, 1950.
, . . : , 2005.
Tatarkijevi, Vladislav. Istorija est pojmov. Beograd: Nolit, 1984.
, . . : , 1998.
Wrhol, Andy. The Philosophy of Andy Warhol (from A to B and Back Again). First
Edition. New York and London: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1975.

77

 : Aisthesis

Afrim Redzepi
Aisthesis
Summary
In the time of globalization, literary work comes down to two effects: pleasant and
unpleasant. Simpsons are more pleasant than, for example, James Joyces work
Ulysses. Thus, there is a need for such literary works that should encourage more
intensely the pleasant effect or spontaneous energy of matter - plus proton, as adherents of modern protonism would say. The artwork should be turned into a powerful hypnotic object, so that todays readers become aware of the harmonic projection of the world. Although the measuring instruments devolved on the taste for
beauty, harmony although todays reader is more inclined to the comedy i.e. to the
position of the gods Gadamers definition concerning the experience of art still
remains functional. If something succeeded to persist in a hesitant moment, then
it is an art today, it will be art tomorrow, and it will always be art. The physicist Paul
Holbah believes that the aesthetics of human fully conforms to physical laws, and
that nothing comes out of the harmonious order. Nietzsches theory shows that the
Greek tragedy is searching for harmony, looking for spontaneous energy of matter
(like music), through which it raises the aesthetic dimension. hat type of tragedy is
immanent to human beings and only through art it is possible to establish a type of
sado - masochistic therapy for the recipient, who, in essence, is a being in creation,
or a projection between nature and culture.
Key words
aisthesis, perception, beautiful, energy, arts

78

 I, , . 79-87, 2016

: 111.83/.85 : 141.131

, A

, ,
.
. ,
, ,
-
,
, . : ...
(Aristotel
1086b6-7). ,
, , (Mabbott) , (Mabbott 72).

, .
, -
, ,
, .,
,
.

, ,
.
79

 : ,

, , ,
.
,
.
(
), .
,
.
, ,
.
,

. , -

-
. -

. --
.
,
.
, , , , . ,
.

. ( ) ,
1 [...
, ! (, 174)];
(204)
. ,
.
: ?...
, ,
( ) .

80

 I, , . 79-87, 2016

? (, 201). , , : ,
? (, 359-360b). ,
, , ,
. , ,
, (290d291b). ... , ,
, ,
, , , (,
601d). (216d), (87c), I (115a-116a),
, - . ,
.
:
, ?
(64), (87) (506) , ; ...
... (Platon, Fileb 64e), . ,
. ,

.
.
. ,
. ,
,
.

. , (, 212)
.

.

, (qua) .
, ,
81

 : ,

.
. , , ,
spiritus movens

. (, 206), ,

(, 206).
(, 206).
,
.
: ... ;
... :
, ,
: , ... (Platon, Fileb 64e-65a).
. -
, ,
.
, , . ,
. : ...
...
... (, 508e). , , ,
, .
, . ,
, ,

.
, , ... [ , . .]
... (, 508-509).
, , : ,
, ,
(, 509). 82

 I, , . 79-87, 2016

, ; ...
;
... (, 517).
. ,

,
, . ,
,
,
. , ,
, '?',
, , . ( ) ? [ ,
. .] ' ' (Gadamer 115).
, ,
, , . ,
, , ,
. ,
. ,
.
?
,
,
.
, . ,
, . ,
, ,
, ,
. ,
, . ,
. .
, , , ,
, . ,
, , .
83

 : ,

.
, .
,
. - , , , , 2.

, .
, , ,
, -.
.
(Gonzalez 114), .
, .
, .
, - . , ,
, , ,
,
.
, . (Sallis)
- , . , .
[, . .]
,
(Sallis 414) . , .
, ,
.
2

.
- -,
- ,
, , ,
.
, , .

84

 I, , . 79-87, 2016

. , . --
. ,
,
,
, .

85

 : ,

Aristotel. Metafizika. Prevod Branko B Gavela, Beograd: Kultura, 1971.
Gadamer, Hans-Georg. Platos Dialectical Ethics: Phenomenological Interpretations
Relating to the Philebus. Translated by Robert W. Wallace. New Haven: Yale
University Press, 1991.
Gonzalez, Francisco J. Plato and Heidegger: A Question of Dialogue. University Park:
Pennsylvania State University, 2009.
Mabbott, J. D. Aristotle and the of Plato. The Classical Quarterly 20, 2
(1926): 72-79.
. : , , . . :
, 1994.
Platon. Meneksen, Fileb. Prevod Ksenija Maricki Gaanski i Ivan Gaanski. Beograd:
Izdavako preduzee Rad, 2001.
. . . : , 2002.
. . . . :
, 2008.
Sallis, John. Being and Logos: Reading the Platonic Dialogues. Bloomington: Indiana
University Press, 1996.

86

 I, , . 79-87, 2016

Jasmina Naumoska
The Good, the Beautiful and the Truth in Platos Philosophy
Summary
The ancient concept of good and beautiful in Platos philosophy gets a wider scope
by adding the category of truth. The introduction of the category of truth within
the concept of is considered to have been first articulated in Platos
philosophy. This article aims to draw out the theoretical implications of this specific triple concept and to elaborate on it in a broader philosophical context. In that
sense, the link between good and beautiful will be analyzed in a few places in
Platos dialogues where they are explicitly compared (e.g. Symposium 201c, 204de; Protagoras 359e-360b), and later associated with the concept of truth (especially in Philebus 64e-65a, together with the category proportion). Through this
analysis, it will be shown that the ideal of in Platos philosophy, with its
connection to the concept of truth, has strong metaphysical foundations. The text
will pose the questions of the ontological relation between these three categories
(the possibility of hierarchization, the good beyond the beautiful and the truth), and
the possibility of their unification in erotic desire. Their relationship will be examined as a basis for a good life, mainly referring to Philebus, while reaffirming the
fundamental ontological problem of .
Key words
Plato, good, beautiful, truth,

87

 I, , . 89-102, 2016

: 821.14 ' 02 - 22.09

, 427 . . ..1, ( ) ()
() (fr. 205 KA). :
(.) .
(.) .
(.) ,
(.) .
(.) .
(.) .
(.)
; (.) ,
;

(.) , .
(.) ! .
(.) .
(.) .
(.) .
(.) ?
(.)
? (.) , !
?

(52836)
.

89

 : ?

test. iii KA : , .
( () , ( )
.)
,
, /
(a, ) (, ; ,
a, ) .
. ( ), (cf. Aristoph. Ach.).
, :
() ,
() , .. ,
. (529).
. () (Gal. Med. 19.66.18 =
fr. 205), () (test. vi. KA), ()
() (sch. Recent. nub.529d).
,
.
,
, , .. . ,
.
. (.. ) ,
().

,
,
.
, 90

 I, , . 89-102, 2016

-2. , ,
(Anax. Ars rh. 2, 14,7).
,

. ,
, .
1.
(Dover 41)
.
, . ? .
, .. , , .

.
, ,
, , .. 3.
(Dover 41)
, (Bergk 147-8) : ,
. ,
, ,
, . Soph. fr. 878 Nauck.
( )
Eur. fr. 1067 Nauck ( ).
, ,
. , ,
, , .
3
Chantraine 487.
( 109-132) , .
, ..
, , , . , ,
.
2

91

 : ?

.

, . ,
,
,
, . ,
, ,
V . .. ,
,
,
(Theognidea)4. , , ,
.
(Donlan passim),
V , ..
(1.30), ,
. ,
, , . , ,
,
. , ,
,
,
.
2.
)
.
. , ,
( , )
. .

92

 I, , . 89-102, 2016

, .
:
[] ( )
(Plato Alcibiades 1. 124e-125b) .
, , ,
. , .. , ,
(Plut. Alc. 1.4).
,
. 20-
, , . ,
, , ,
, ,
. ,
. ,
.. ,
, .

:
, , , ,
.
) fr. 205 KA, ,
,
. , , 422 . . .., ,
,
.
. , ,
,
,
, . 93

 : ?

(), , (V. 788). ,

.
, 425 . . .., 3
, (852-59):


,
,
,


.

,
,
() ,
,


.

(1264-9), 424 . . .., :

,

?
,

.

: , , ,
, , , , . . ,

, ,
, ,
. ,
. , ,
. , ,
, .
94

 I, , . 89-102, 2016

, , . , . ( ). (=
),
(728-30), .. ,
.
,
, .
, , ,
.
(, , , , ),
( ).
, , .
, ,
. , ,
,
.
, .
,
, : .
, , ,
,
.
, , ,
.
) ,
,
,
, .
95

 : ?

. ,
. ,
,
5.
, , , ( , N. 101).
, , , .
,
, . , , , , , .
? ,
,
. (Heath 19)
,
.
. ,
, usus
abusus ,
. , abusus
, ,
, .
,
,
, ,
, .
5

, , (Storey passim) ,
,
.
,
, , ..
, . ,
, .
20 ,
20 .

96

 I, , . 89-102, 2016

: ,
, , ,
. . ,
, .
) , IV , ,
,
(311-3)6. , .
, . ,
, ,
.
,
(91-2)7. ,
,
. ,
, .
,
, .
. ,
.
, .
) .
,
(, fr. 109 -),
:
{()} ,

.

,

.
{} ] [ ]

,

97

 : ?

;
, .

( ),
.
. V . .., ,
,

, .

.
3 .
, ,
, V . .. / / . /
, ,
. , ,
, , . :
, , . . . .

, ,
. , ,
,
, ,
, . .
.
98

 I, , . 89-102, 2016

, ,
. ,
,
, ,
, .
, , ,
.
, .
, , , ,
, . ,
,
. ,
.

99

 : ?

Anaximenes. Anaximenis Ars Rhetorica quae vulgo fertur Aristotelis ad Alexandrum.

Ed. Leonardus Spengel. Leipzig: Verlagsbureau, 1850.
. .
-. : , 2011.
. : , , , .
(, ), (, ). : , 2013.
Aristophanes. Aristophanes Comoediae. Vol.2 Ed. F.W. Hall and W.M. Geldart. Oxford:
Clarendon Press, 1907. At Perseus: http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/
searchresults?q=aristophanes.
Bergk, Theodor (d.). Aristophanis Fragmenta. Berlin: Typis et impensis G. Reimeri, 1840.
Chantraine, Pierre. Dictionnaire tymologique de la Langue Grecque. Histoire des mots
I-IV, Paris: ditions Klincksieck, 1968-1977.
Donlan, Walter. The Origin of . American Journal of Philology, winter
(1973): 365-374.
Dover, Kenneth James. Greek Popular Morality in the Time of Plato and Aristotle.
Oxford: Blackwell, 1974.
, . to kallos .
Ad perpetuam memoriam Michaelis D. Petruevski. Proceedings of the
International Conference 100th Anniversary of the birth of professor Mihail
D. Petruevski (1911-1990). Eds. Petar Hr. Ilievski, Vitomir Mitevski and R. Duev.
iva antika, Monographs No. 10. 2012. 109-132.
Heath, Malcohn. Political Comedy in Aristophanes.Hypomnemata 87. Gttingen:
Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1987.
Jordovi, Ivan. A Generation Gap in Late Fifth-Century BC Athens. Balcanica
XXXVIII (2008): 7-28.
Prolegomena de comoedia. Ed. W.J.W. Koster. Scholia in Acharnenses, Equites,
Nubes. Scholia in Aristophanem 1.1A. Groningen: Bouma, 1975.
Kerferd, G.B. The Sophists. Routledge History of Philosophy. Vol. I: From the
Beginnings to Plato. Ed. by C.C.W. Taylor. London and New York: Routledge,
1997. 225-248.
. .
-. : , 2008.
Menander. Menandri reliquiae selectae. Ed. By F.H. Sndbach. Oxford: Clarendon
Press. 1972.

100

 I, , . 89-102, 2016

Plutarch. Plutarchs Lives. With an English Translation by Bernadotte Perrin.

Cambridge, MA - London: Harvard University Press - William Heinemann Ltd.
1916. 4.
Storey, I. C. Thrasymachus at Athens: Aristophanes fr. 205 (Daitales). Phoenix 42
(1988): 212218.
Storey, I. C. Eupolis Poet of Old Comedy. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003.
-, . . :
, 2009.
Plato. Platonis Opera. Ed. John Burnet. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1903.

KA
Nauck
West

Poetae Comici Graeci (PCG). Ed. R. Kassel, and C. Austin. Vol. III.2
Aristophanes Testimonia et Fragmenta. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1984.
Tragicorum graecorum fragmenta recensuit Augustus Nauck. Editio secunda.
Lipsiae: in aedibus B. G. Teubneri, 1889.
Iambi et elegi Graeci. Ed. M.L. West. Vol. 1. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1971.

101

 : ?

Daniela Tosheva
Who is in Ancient Greek Comedy?
Summary
In Aristophanes Banqueters (427 B.C.), the Profligate son asks his father (fr.
205.8 KA) why he is talking against the gentlemen for cultivating fine and dandy
hood? ( ). This is the first instance of the derivative noun
used in Greek literature; the phrase , on the other
hand, is attested earlier, ca. 450 B.C. (Her. 1.30). Anyhow, this noun was a novelty
when Aristophanes produced Banqueters, and except in this fragment (fr. 205.8
KA), the phrase is not attested earlier than Anaximenes
(Anax. Ars rh. 2, 14,7). The aim of this paper is to investigate what is denominated
and defined with the term in the forementioned fragment of
Aristophanes Banqueters, by exploring the contents of the phrase
in other Greek comedies. But before investigating the comic content and the comic
use of and , it is necessary to see the popular use of
this phrase, in order to determine the object of ridicule in Aristophanes comedies.
Menandrean comedy is investigated as well, in order to distinguish the content
and the use of this phrase from Aristophanic comedy, the former being realistic,
and the latter being comically modified.
Key words
Aristophanes, Banqueters, Menander, , , Ancient Greek
Comedy, comic devices

102

 I, , . 103-110, 2016

: 7.038 : 111.84/85

-
-

: .
/,
, /
( / , /
) () ,
(,
) . ,

() , , , .
. , , ,
( ),
( )
( ).
!
( , ) ,
, . , ? 1600 , , ,
, .
103

, (
)
, - , .


, , ,
. , , --,
, , ,
, /
.

, / ,
, ... ,
( 228).
. , ,
. , ( ),

. ,
/,
- ,
.
--, , . ( )
, . , ,
( ,
). ,
, 104

 I, , . 103-110, 2016

.
.
, . , ( ),
. ,
,

,
1. , /
--.
,
() (, , ) (Barthes 142148), patchwork ,

,
.
.
. , , , ?
, (
,
),
(, ,
, 2). ,
,
. , , , ,
/ - , /
, : Navas 65-160 Lessig 1-114.

.

105

.
2014 . , , , , . ,
, , ,
- , , ,
. ,
(), , /
, ,
. 2014

.. .

, :
.
,
- , .
.
( -), .
//
( !)
. , ,
, ( )
/ . ,

,
--.
: / , ,
106

 I, , . 103-110, 2016

, , /. ,
.
, , , .
(Alain Badiou), , :
,
. . ( 10). ,
(Herbert Marcuse), (Max Horkheimer) (Theodor
W. Adorno), ,
, , melting
pot- .
, , .
,
( ,
) ( ). ,

. ,
2014,
,
,
, ,
.
- ,
.
, , , , ...,
, , .
, ,
, . .
107

, 2014 ,
,
.
2014
. , , .
,
,
,
, ,
1963 , , .

,
.
2014:
, , ,
- , , . , ,
,
, ; ,
,
.
, 2014 ,
/.

( ) .

108

 I, , . 103-110, 2016

Barthes, Roland. The Death of the Author. Image - Music - Text. (Ed.) Stephen
Heath. London: Fontana Press, 1977. 142-148.
, . ,
. . (.) . : , 2003.
217-231.
Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid Economy.
London: Bloomsbury, 2008.
Navas, Eduardo. Remix Theory: The Aesthetics of Sampling. New York: SpringerVerlag/Wien, 2012.
, . : (
). : -, 2013.

109

Vangel Nonevski
The Ideal of Kalokagathia as a Suppresive Factor for Art
in the Present Tense
Summary
This work locates the ancient ideal in recycling. Since the remix, regardless in which art form it is to be found, is based on the creative reuse/recontextualization of pre-existing materials into something new, the discipline which refers
to it is the aesthetics of recycling. On the other hand, it is generally known that
recycling in industrial production is a process of reusing waste materials into new
products, which prevents the waste of potentially useful materials, reduces the consumption of raw materials and energy, and reduces air and water pollution. Thus,
recycling unifies the two strands of the ideal , because, in its refusal to
recognize waste (artistic or industrial), it contributes to the creation of something
beautiful (remix art) and something good (protection of the environment). The classical idealized description of the ideal stops here. The critical treatment of the subject, on the other hand, finds that the ideal becomes a problematic
concept for the cultural setting nowadays. Relying on the observation that beauty
in art is almost instantly consumed by popular culture, contemporary critical artists
create their most subversive works of art when they explicitly decline from the ideal
. Therefore, only if we understand and declare the unity beautiful-good
as a means of affirming the existing subordination, can we hope to create an art
which would be potent and subversive and which would resist the unremitting assault of popular culture, whose main purpose is to dilute it and commodify it.
Keywords
, realist art, modern art, remix art, semantics, popular culture,
Skopje 2014

110

 I, , . 111-117, 2016

: 111.84/.85 : 1 (495.02)

, -

, .
I

.
. ,
.

,
.

.
, , ,
.
.
( )
. , , ..
.
. :
.
111

 : , .

-
. ,
- ,
. , .
(),
() . ,

.
, (Div. nom. IV, 1 (144, 612); IV, 7 (151, 1011)). (causa
finalis),
(causa formalis) (Div. nom. IV, 7 (152, 110)). ,
-, (Div. nom. IV, 3
(146, 1012); IV, 10 (155, 45)).
:
, .. ?
,
.

: ,
.
,
, .
. , .
, , .
,
( ). ,
112

 I, , . 111-117, 2016

.
,
(Vita VII, 101). , ,
(,
- habitus, 35-48).
() ad extra. -, ,
, ; , , ,
(Div. nom. IV, 1415). ,
,
, (Div. Nom. IV, 13). , - ,
, .

.
, ,
, () .
. ? , -
. -
,
.
.
.

, (.. ) .

113

 : , .

. : ( ). ,
,
(, -
, 241).
,
; , ,
.
:
, . ,
, (Vita VII, 101).
(Vita VII, 102),

, ()
(Vita VII, 109).
:
,
( )
. . , ( )
.
,
,
: ,
, ,
(Vita VII, 108).
-
.

: .
().
, 114

 I, , . 111-117, 2016

( ,
) (Exp. XXXVIII). ,
. ,
, ,
.
, (). ,
, .

. , , ,
(...).

(Vita I, 14).
(. , V-VIII
109; , 33).
, , , ,
,
(Vita VI, 12; . 3,20). , ,
( ), ,
.

115

 : , .

Nicolas Cabasilas, Explication de la divine liturgie (Sources Chrtiennes 4),

S. Salaville (ed.), Paris 1967.
Nicolas Cabasilas, La vie en Christ, Livres V-VII (Sources Chrtiennes 361),
M.-H. Congourdeau (Ed.), Paris 1990.
Nicolas Cabasilas, La vie en Christ, Livres I-IV (Sources Chrtiennes 355),
M.-H. Congourdeau (ed.), Paris 1989.
Pseudo-Dionysius Areopagita, De Divinis nominibus, in: Corpus Dionysiacum I
(Patristische Texte und Studien 33), B.R. Suchla (Ed.), Berlin/New York 1990.
, - 1999.
, ., habitus, : , 2012.
, ., -
, : Archiv fr mittelalterliche Philosophie und Kultur (2008).
, ., , (
), : , 2006.
, ., V-VIII , 1998.

116

 I, , . 111-117, 2016

Milan orevi
The Good, the Beautifull, and the Beloved. The Ancient Ideal
and the God of the Byzantine Philosophers
Summary
The ancient unity between the goodness and the beauty is not only an expression
of one culturologically conditioned association of the esthetics and the ethics. The
fundament of the classical ideal lies in the ontological and the theological understanding of reality. It is understandable then why the contemporary
thought that prefers to characterize itself as post-metaphysical doesnt have any
taste for this problem sphere. The ethical dimension of the famous saying by Dostoyevsky The beauty will save the world sounds meaningless in a world in which
the beauty is a matter of the personal taste, and not of the harmony and the virtue.
In contrast, the Byzantine thinkers, following and upgrading the antique thought,
understand the human goodness and beauty as inseparable from the divine goodness and beauty. This also means that the ethics and the esthetics are unified with
the ontology and the theology. Having this in mind, this paper locates the Byzantine
expression of the classical notion of and examines the conditions of
possibility of its contemporary reception and actualization.
Key words
Byzantine Philosophy, Pseudo-Dionysius Areopagite, Nicolas Cabasilas, love,
sacrament, ecstasy.

117

 I, , . 119-130, 2016

: 81'255.2

a1. ..

(Catford 94).
, -
, .
, ,
, .. -, 2. ,

, .
, o : ,
, ,
, , a .
, , Catford 93-103; Bassnett 39-46.
, ,
.
, , ,
, , - .

119

.
: (-)3, ()4, (, )5, ( )6
( )7
( )8. , . ,

, -, , .9
, ,
, , ,
, , : ...
, 10 ... , 11, ..., ,
12 ... , 13.
,
, , , ,
, ( . . , ,
. : , 2006, . 32).
4

( . . . :
, 2003, . 146 310).
5

( . , : : ,
: . , ,
. : , 2008, . 144 167) (.
. , . : ,
1995, . 115 124). , ,

( . .
(. I-V) (. VI-X),
-. : -, 2004, . 34).
6

(ibid. 149).
7
, 75.
8
, 241.
9
, 32, 27.
10
. 146.
11
ibid. . 310.
12
. , 144.
13
ibid. . 167.

120

 I, , . 119-130, 2016

, .
. : nobility, noble-goodness, noble-and-good, nobleness,
goodness, nobility and goodness, gentlemanliness, beauty and worth, good principles etc14.
,
, , . , ,
noble . noble
, , , ,
.

. : ( ), (), ( ), ()
() ; ( ), ( ), ( )
() ; ( ),
e ( /Oratio 25)
(Exordia); ( /Oratio 1); (
) ; (
) () .
, . .
,
. A , ,
, (1398-1481),
(14031475) (ca. 1500-1564)15. , , Aristotle. The Nicomachean Ethics. Translated with Introduction and Notes by C.
D. C. Reeve. Indianapolis and Cambridge: Hackett Publishing Company, 2014, . 65, 191;
Aristotle. The Nicomachean Ethics. Translated by David Ross. Revised with an Introduction and
Notes by Lesely Brown. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009, p. 69, 199; Aristotle. Politics.
Translated with Introduction and Notes by C. D. C. Reeve. Indianapolis and Cambridge: Hackett
Publishing Company, 1998, p. 23.
15
, ,
,
14

121

(1533-1593), ,
(1667-1727)16,
.
(1520-1572), (1447-1500) ,
17.
(1516-1580)18.
(ca. 1480-1537)19
(1813-1894)20, .21 (1386-1439)22
(1772-1848)23,
(1716-1774)24.
,
. Xenophontis philosophi ac historici
excellentissimi opera quae quidem extant, omnia, tam graeca quam latina hominum doctissimorum
diligentia, partim iam olim, partim nunc primum latinitate donata, ac multo accuratius quam antea
recognita. Basileae: apud Nicolaum Brylingerum, 1545.
16
Xenophontis opera Graece te Latine, ex recensione Edvardi Wells, accedunt dissertationes et notae
virorum doctorum, cura Caroli Aug. Thieme, cum praefatione Io. Aug. Ernesti. Lipsiae: Ex officina
libraria gleditschiana, 1801.
17
Aristotelis opera. Edidit Academia Regia Borusica, volumen tertium. Aristoteles Latine interpretibus
variis. Berloni: apud Georgium Reimerum, 1831.
18
Demosthenes: Quae supersunt, Monumenta Ingenii, E Bonis Libris A Se Emendata, Materia Critica.
Partem posteriorem dimidiam Demosthenis tenens, una com Scholiis graecis e codice Bauarico nunc
primum editis, aliisque ex Augustano fidelius redditis. Sommer, 1770.
19
Graece et Latine Isocratis oratoris dissertisimi Paraenesis, id est recta vitae humanae, quod ad
probitatem morum attinet institutio ad Demonicii. 1523.
20
Oratorum Attici. Andocides, Lysias, Isocrates, Isaeus, Lycurgus, Aeschines, Dinarchus, Dedmade,
declamationes Gorgiae e aliorum. Graece cum translatione reficta a Carolo Mullero. Accedunt scholia,
Ulpiani commentarii in Demosthenem, et index nominum et rerum absolutissimus. Volumen primum.
Pariis, editore Ambrosio Frimin Didot: Instituti regii Franciae typographo, 1847.
21
Polybii historiarum reliquiae. Graece et Latine cum indicibus. Pariis, editore Ambrosio Frimin Didot:
Instituti regii Franciae typographo, 1839.
22
Diogenis Laertii de vitis, dogmatis et apophthegmatis clarorum philosophorum libri decem. Graeca
emendatoria edidit, notatione emendationum, Latina Ambrosii interpretatione castigata, apendice
critica atque indicibus instruxit Henricus Gustavus Huebnerus. Lipsiensis. Volumen secudnum.
Lipsiae, a. 1831.
23
Plutarchi Parallela seu Vitae parallelae. Volumen Tertium. Londini: Ex Officina Jacobi Tonson &
Johannis Watts, 1723.
24
Plutarchi Chaeronensis, quae supersunt omnia, Graece et Latine. Principibus ex editionibus
castigavit, virorumque doctorum suisque annotationibus instruxit Io. Iacobus Reiske. Lipsiae:
Impensis Goth. Theoph. Georgi, 1453.

122

 I, , . 119-130, 2016

. -
,
, ,
. ,
, . :

1.
;
2.
;
3. ,
4. .


. , , , ,
.
1. ,
,
probitas, bonitas, virtus, honestum, integritas elegantia. ,
. probitas bonitas,
, . probitas
probus , . , : , , , .
bonitas, , bonus probitas:
, , , , , . ,
, . , virtus, e vir .
virtus , , ,
123

a , virtus, , , , , , .
. ,
(Xen. Mem. 4.8.11), . , ,

virtus, , ,
honestum. honestus
honor, -oris m. , , , . Oxford Latin
Dictionary : 1.
, , 2. , 3. 4.
a , , (OLD 801). integritas
integer , , , , , . ,
,
, .
, elegantia,
. ,
lego, 3, legi, lectum , , , ,
. , elegantia
, , ,
.
2.
, honestas et/ ac probitas/ honestas probitasque; virtus et/
ac honestas; virtus et/atque probitas; bonitas ac fortitudo; aequum et bonum; pulchrum et
bonum; virtus, bonitas et probitas. virtus, bonitas et probitas
,
.
, : virtus, bonitas probitas,
, honestas
bonum,
fortitudo aequum pulchrum. 124

 I, , . 119-130, 2016

. , , honestas ac/et probitas,
pulchrum et bonum , .
fortitudo, fortis , bonitas
ac fortitudo.
, , , .
3. ,
, perfecta honestas, consummata honestas,
proba honestas, honesta bonitas, eximia bonitas, excellens bonitas, honesta probitas,
praestans probitas, absoluta probitas, probitas morum, studium pulchri bonique, laudis et
honesti studium, honesti studium, laus benignitatis facta bona.
, , -
. -
honestas, bonitas probitas,
studium , , ,
laus , factum , , . honestas,
bonitas probitas perfectus, consummatus, absolutus,
, , probus , , honestus , eximius, excellens praestans , .
-
, , .

: at consummatam honestatem, , est
igitur proba honestas, ,... - studium
. studium pulchrum
bonum studium pulchri bonique .
studium laudis et honesti studium honesti

. Probitas morum , laus benignitatis
facta bona
, .
4. , ,
125

-.
, .
:
... (Dem. Exord. 46.3.1)
, , .

- - :
neque ipsi, ut apparet, de eo laborent, ut boni viri videantur (Demosthenis opera,
p. 766)

.

. , :
(probitas, bonitas, virtus etc.), (studium pulchri
bonique, laudis et honesti studium), (facta
bona, laus benignitatis).
:
1. , probitas, bonitas, aequum et bonum, praestans probitas, excellens
bonitas, absoluta probitas, probitas morum, facta bona etc.
2. -
honestas et probitas, proba honestas,
honesta bonitas, honesta probitas, studium pulchri bonique, laudis et honesti
studium etc.
3.
virtus et honestas, virtus atque probitas, bonitas ac fortitudo, virtus,
bonitas et probitas.

. (vir) bonus, bonus ac/et probus, aequus ac bonus

bonus et aequus
. -
126

 I, , . 119-130, 2016

bonus et honestus/bonus honestusque, honestus et bonus, honestus probusque, probus

et honestus, pulchri bonique studiosus, corporis et animi bonis ornatus, forma et virtute
praestans, elegans et egregius etc. , , fortis, fortis
et honestus, praeclarus fortisque strenuus et praeclarus.
, optimus, optimus ac honestissimus integerrimus,
praestans probitas, eximia bonitas, perfecta
honestas .
.
,
,
,
.
-.
, ,
/ , , ,
, .

127

Aristotelis opera. didit Academia Regia Borusica, volumen tertium. Aristoteles

Latine interpretibus variis. Berloni: apud Georgium Reimerum, 1831.
Aristotle. The Nicomachean Ethics. Translated with Introduction and Notes by
C. D. C. Reeve. Indianapolis and Cambridge: Hackett Publishing Company, 2014.
Aristotle. The Nicomachean Ethics. Translated by David Ross. Revised with an
Introduction and Notes by Lesely Brown. Oxford: Oxford University Press,
2009.
Aristotle. Politics. Translated with Introduction and Notes by C. D. C. Reeve.
Indianapolis and Cambridge: Hackett Publishing Company, 1998.
. . , ,
- . : , 2006.
. .
. : , 2003.
Bassnett, Susan. Translation Studies. 3rd edition. London and New York: Routledge
Taylor & Francis Group, 2002 (1st edition 1980).
Catford, John Cunnison. A Linguistic Theory of Translation: An Essay in Applied
Linguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1965.
Demosthenes: Quae supersunt, Monumenta Ingenii, E Bonis Libris A Se Emendata,
Materia Critica. Partem posteriorem dimidiam Demosthenis tenens, una com
Scholiis graecis e codice Bauarico nunc primum editis, aliisque ex Augustano fidelius
redditis. Sommer, 1770.
, . ,
. : , 1995.
Diogenis Laertii de vitis, dogmatis et apophthegmatis clarorum philosophorum libri
decem. Graeca emendatoria edidit, notatione emendationum, Latina Ambrosii
interpretatione castigata, apendice critica atque indicibus instruxit Henricus
Gustavus Huebnerus. Lipsiensis. Volumen secundum. Lipsiae, a. 1831.
. .
(. I-V) (. VI-X),
-. : -,
2004.
Glare, Peter Geoffrey William (ed.). Oxford Latin Dictionary. Oxford: Oxford
University Press. 1968.
Graece et Latine Isocratis oratoris dissertisimi Paraenesis, id est recta vitae humanae,
quod ad probitatem morum attinet institutio ad Demonicii. 1523.

128

 I, , . 119-130, 2016

Oratorum Attici. Andocides, Lysias, Isocrates, Isaeus, Lycurgus, Aeschines, Dinarchus,

Dedmade, declamationes Gorgiae e aliorum. Graece cum translatione reficta a
Carolo Mullero. Accedunt scholia, Ulpiani commentarii in Demosthenem, et index
nominum et rerum absolutissimus. Volumen primum. Pariis, editore Ambrosio
Frimin Didot: Instituti regii Franciae typographo, 1847.
Plutarchi Parallela seu Vitae parallelae. Volumen Tertium. Londini: Ex Officina Jacobi
Tonson & Johannis Watts, 1723.
Plutarchi Chaeronensis, quae supersunt omnia, Graece et Latine. Principibus ex
editionibus castigavit, virorumque doctorum suisque annotationibus instruxit
Io. Iacobus Reiske. Lipsiae: Impensis Goth. Theoph. Georgi, 1453.
. . : : ,
: . , ,
. : , 2008.
Polybii historiarum reliquiae. Graece et Latine cum indicibus. Pariis, editore Ambrosio
Frimin Didot: Instituti regii Franciae typographo, 1839.
Xenophontis philosophi ac historici excellentissimi opera quae quidem extant, omnia,
tam graeca quam latina hominum doctissimorum diligentia, partim iam olim,
partim nunc primum latinitate donata, ac multo accuratius quam antea recognita.
Basileae: apud Nicolaum Brylingerum, 1545.
Xenophontis opera Graece te Latine, ex recensione Edvardi Wells, accedunt
dissertationes et notae virorum doctorum, cura Caroli Aug. Thieme, cum praefatione
Io. Aug. Ernesti. Lipsiae: Ex officina libraria gleditschiana, 1801.

129

Svetlana KochovskaStevovikj
The Compound a in Literary Translations into Latin
Summary
This paper investigates the Latin equivalents of the Ancient Greek compound
in the literary translations into Latin. The translation equivalents of the
noun are analysed in a corpus which consists of Latin translations of the writings:
Xenophons Cyropaedia, Agesilaus, Constitution of the Lacedaimonians, Memorabilia
and Symposium, Aristotles Eudemian Ethics, Nicomachean Ethics, Magna Moralia and
Politics, Demostheness On the Crown, Against Aristogiton and Exordia, Isocrates To
Demonicus, Diogenes Laertius Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers, Plutarchs
Parallel lives and Polybius History. Most of these translations originate from the late
Middle Ages, and some of them date from the early modern period. Their authors
are distinguished humanists and philologists, such as Francesco Filelfo, Basilios
Bessarion, Denis Lambin, Giorgo Valla, Ambrogio Traversari, Hieronymus Wolf etc.
The analysis shows various translation solutions which can be divided into four
groups based on their grammatical characteristics: translation equivalents linguistically realized with one similar-meaning noun or a substantivized adjective (probitas, bonitas, virtus, honestum, integritas and elegantia); translation equivalents realized with two or more nouns or substantivized adjectives (honestas et/ ac probitas/
honestas probitasque; virtus et/ac honestas; virtus et/atque probitas; bonitas ac fortitudo; aequum et bonum; pulchrum et bonum; virtus, bonitas et probitas); translations with
a nominal phrase (perfecta honestas, consummata honestas, proba honestas, honesta
bonitas, eximia bonitas, excellens bonitas, honesta probitas, praestans probitas, absoluta
probitas, probitas morum, studium pulchri bonique, laudis et honesti studium, honesti
studium, laus benignitatis and facta bona), and translations with a periphrastic expression. The choice of units points to three different interpretations of the meaning of the compound: is a quality with an exclusively ethical dimension
(probitas, aequum et bonum, eximia bonitas, praestans probitas etc.), is an
aesthetically-ethical ideal (studium pulchri bonique, forma et virtute praestans etc.)
and is a quality that represents a combination of ethicality and courage/determination (bonitas ac fortitud etc.).
Key words
, translation solutions, Latin language

130

 I, , . 131-136, 2016

: 613.261 : 179.3

AI

. ,
. De Abstinentia ab esu animalium
.

,

. ,
2. ; ,
,
. , ,
,
.
,
() , ,
(Porph. Abst. 1.14).
, , , ,
(Porph. Abst. 1.21).
1

,
.
2

, ,
.
1

131

, , . ,
, , ,
. , ,
. , :
? .

?
.
?
, ;
,
? ;
,
,
(Porph. Abst. 3.11).

(Mooney 7)

.
. , ,
(Porph. Abst. 1.51). , ,
. , .
, ,
, ,

. ,
.
.

,
132

 I, , . 131-136, 2016

,
.
3 ,
.
,
,
.


,
(Porph. Abst. 1.30).
,

. .
,
, . .
, .
:
, (Arist. EN 1106b 30-35).
,
.
. ,
, ,
. ,
. , ,
.
, ,
.

, , .
()
().

133

, .

.

134

 I, , . 131-136, 2016

Aristotle in 23 Volumes. Vol. 19. Translated by Harris Rackham. Cambridge MA

London: Harvard University Press William Heinemann Ltd, 1934.
, . e. : , 1976.
Jaeger, Werner. Paideia: The Ideals of Greek Culture. Volume I. Archaic Greece
The Mind of Athens. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1946.
Jaeger, Werner. Paideia: The Ideals of Greek Culture. Volume II. Archaic Greece
In Search of the Divine Centre. Mind of Athens. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1947.
Jaeger, Werner. Paideia: The Ideals of Greek Culture. Volume III. The Conflict of Cultural
Ideals in the Age of Plato. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986.
Mooney, Thomas Brian and Geoff Coad. Kalos Kai Agathos: Homeric Origins. (SMU
Social Sciences & Humanities Working Paper Series). 2006.
Plato. Complete Works. dited, with introduction and notes by John M. Cooper.
Associate editor Douglas S. Hutchinson. Indianapolis Cambridge: Hackett
Publishing Company, 1997.
Plato. Plato in Twelve Volumes. Vol. 9. Translated by Harold N. Fowler. Cambridge,
MA London: Harvard University Press William Heinemann Ltd, 1925.
Porphyrius. De Abstinentia ab Esu Animalium libri quatuor. Trajecti ad Rhenum: Apud
Abrahamum a Paddenburg, Bibliopolam, 1767.
Porphyry. Life of Pythagoras. Translated by Kenneth S. Guthrie, 1920.

135

Marjan Kalevski
Porphyry on Veganism as ai
Summary
In his treatise De Abstinentia ab esu animalium (On Abstinence from Eating Animal
Food), Porphyry speaks about respecting animals and the true human values. He
advocates the antique ideal of through veganism as a unity among
human action, philosophy, and a way of life based on physical and spiritual care,
which inevitably relates to a keen sense of ethics. With the very act of veganism,
Porphyry announces that man simultaneously contributes toward his health and
the wellbeing of his entire body. Also there is the ethical stance of nonviolence and
respect for all creatures. He opposes murder and exploitation of animals by providing sound arguments, opinions, and conclusions explaining why it is adikos (unjust).
Porphyry led a humble life and according to him wealth is but a burden. He gives
instructions on how to live virtuously because people have barbaric appetites that
should be eliminated.
Key words
veganism, soul, ethics, virtue, body, nonviolence, animals

136

 I, , . 137-143, 2016

: 17 : 111 : 85 (38)

-, -

.

. ..
, , .
, 1 :
, ,
,
. ,
...,
,
,
(Xen. Mem. IV. 8).
, , ,
,
o
. , ,
,
.
,
. .

137

. ,
. ,
. , ,

(D.L. II. 6).

,
,
. , , ,
.. .

, ,
o ,
,
,
,
, .
, ,
, ,
,

. ,
. 2
,
,
. , , , ,
, (Xen. Mem. III. 8),
, 3,
, , , 4.
, ,
.
.
3
ibid.
4
ibid.
2

138

 I, , . 137-143, 2016

(, ), ,

( ), , ( ),
( ).

, -
, , . , ,
, , .
,
. , , , ,
,
. , ,

, ,
,
, , .

. ,
,
. ,
, , , ,

(Arist. Nic. Eth. X. 9).
, , , ,
()
. ,
,
, , 139

. ,
,
.
. , , ,
. ,
, , , ,
, , . ,
, ,
, .
,
, .
,
, .
,
, .
,

, . ,
. ,
kalokagathoi, , ,
,
, , , , ,

.
, (), .

, ,
, ... (Xen. Sym. V.1).
140

 I, , . 137-143, 2016

, , ,
, .

141

( )

Aristotle. The Nicomachean Ethics. With an nglish translation by Harris Rackham,

M. A. London Cambridge, Massachusetts, William Heinemann Ltd. Harvard
University Press, 1962.
Diogenes Laertius. Lives of Eminent Philosophers. With an english translation by
Robert D. Hicks, M.A. In Two Volumes, I. Cambridge, Massachusetts London:
Harvard University Press William Heinemann. Ltd., 1959.
Xenophon. Anabasis. Books IV-VII. With an english translation by Carleton L.
Brownson and Symposion and Apology. With an nglish translation by Otis J.
Todd. London New York: William Heinemann G. P. Punams Sons, 1922.
Xenophon. Memorabilia and Oeconomicus. With an english translation by Edgar C.
Marchant. London: William Heinemann Ltd. Harvard University Press, 1959.

( )
. . . :
, 2003.
. .
. : -, 2004.
. . . :
, 2008.

142

 I, , . 137-143, 2016

Darin Angelovski
Kalokagathia in the Socratic Works of Xenophon
Summary
The article traces two literary works from the ancient literature tradition: The Symposium and Memorabilia of Socrates by Xenophon, where ancient ideal of kalokagathia
is thematised. This systasis of the immense beauty and immense good is represented as an intellectual intrigue, which in Xenophons philosophical works is resolved
according to Socratic psychology and pedagogy. Transmitting Socratic doctrine on
soul and education, Xenophon insists on adopting and developing the basic spiritual
and physical attributes for virtue lifestyle reasonableness, bravery, abstemiousness, and tightness on the one side, and beauty, strength and health, on the other.
Key words
ancient literature, Socrates, Xenophon, kalokagathia

143


. 9, 1000
e-mail: zkfmantika@gmail.com
www.zkfmantika.org
fb:

. 9, 1000
e-mail: macedonian.philosophy@gmail.com
fb: PHILOSOPHICAL- SOCIETY-of-MACEDONIA