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Understanding Modern Power MOSFETs PDF
Understanding Modern Power MOSFETs PDF
MOSFETs
Fairchild Power Seminar 2006
Session Objectives
Explain what a board designer needs to know about
MOSFETs
Agenda
DC behavior explaining RDS(ON)
Thermal behavior
Avalanche breakdown
Switching behavior
Explaining the effects of gate charge
Gate
Source
Gate
Vdc
Vg
High side
switch
(P-channel)
Load
resistor
Load
resistor
Vg
Low side
switch
(N-channel)
Vdc
Vg
High side
switch
(P-channel)
Load
resistor
Vg
High side
switch
(N-channel)
Load
resistor
Battery chargers
Lighting dimmers
Design challenges
Size
Power dissipation
ID capability
Charger
Battery
Topology choices
Single PMOS & Schottky
Dual PMOS (bi-directional)
MicroFET
BGA
FLMP
Vgs @ - 4.5V
250
Part Number
Release
FDC6332L
Released
10
Load
resistor
Vg = 0V
11
60V
80-100V
150-200V
85VAC 220VAC
Three phase PSU
450-600V
800-1000V
12
Vds
FDS6688S
18V input
Vgs FDS6688S
Iload
Load
resistor
14
15
Conduction Losses
Vdc
Iload
Load
resistor
Vg=10V
17
600V
FQPF12N60C
650 m
Increasing the maximum rated voltage for the same die size:
Increases the RDS(ON)
19
600V
FCI7N60
600 m
IPAK
20
600V
FCH47N60
70 m
TO247
10
Source
RChannel
Trench
Source
RJFET
Gate
RChannel
Gate
REpitaxial
REpitaxial
21
FDB045AN08A0
(Newer Trench)
RDS(on)
10m
4.5m
Qg
235nC
138nC
Pd
270W
310W
trr (@ 25C)
100ns
53ns
Qrr (@ 25C)
300nC
54nC
22
11
1x
0.65x
0.65x
1x
QFET C-series
SuperFET
23
Gate Voltage
Vds
Iload
Load
resistor
voltage, VTH
Gate voltage
applied to turn
device on
12
DC Characteristics
The transfer and saturation
characteristics show the relationship
between VGS, ID and VDS
If not otherwise specified, the forward
transconductance, gm, which is the
incremental change in ID per change in
VDS, can be determined from the transfer
characteristics
Transfer characteristics
25
26
13
Switching times for resistive loads are measured with specified VGS, VDS
and ID
Here, Rg=0 during the on time, Rg=RGS during the off time
Alternatively, a gate resistor is used
Supplementary criteria
Peak current rating
28
14
Vbus:
Nominal current:
Peak current:
Ambient temperature:
DPAK (TO252)
Selection Steps
The bus voltage is a well-regulated 48V supply
Fairchild offers 60V, 75V, 80V, 100V MOSFETs in DPAK
Select 75V to give sufficient margin
30
15
Thermal Resistance
= 100 K/W
= 175o C
= 85o C
31
32
16
Silicon die
Dissipated
power
Rth junction-case
PCB
Rth case-ambient
Package
Silicon die
Dissipated
power
PCB
RDS(ON) = 1, T = 25 C
o
RDS(ON) = 2, T = 160 C
17
Iteration Spreadsheet
35
For the short pulse, the extra heating is only a few degrees, so
there is not expected to be a problem with this pulse
Full thermal modeling and verification by experiment is needed to
validate this
36
18
37
Avalanche Rating
Vdc
Unclamped
inductor
IAS
38
19
Avalanche Rating
Breakdown voltage
Vds max
Vds (in black)
Vbus
Ias (in blue)
On time
The inductor induces a voltage of Vbus + Ldi/dt onto the drain of the MOSFET
The MOSFET breaks down and acts like a Zener, absorbing the energy from
the inductor
Avalanche stress ratings are stated as the maximum avalanche current, and
as the maximum avalanche energy
39
40
20
The avalanche current IAS, together with the time in avalanche, tAV,
are the factors determining whether a part will fail in avalanche or
not
The failure mode which will destroy a device in avalanche is triggered
by an effect involving heating
2
IAS t AV = constant2
41
42
21
t AV =
LIAS
B VDSS VDD
E AS =
1
BVDSS
2
LIAS
2
BVDSS VDD
43
44
22
45
46
23
VDD
ITEST
Cgd
switching losses
Cds
Cgs
VDD
ID
VGS
VSP
VTH
VDS
t
48
24
VDD
ID
VGS
ID=gm(VGS-VTH)
VSP
VTH
VDS
t
49
VDD
ID
VGS
VSP
VTH
VDS
t
50
25
The stray capacitances Cgd, Cgs etc. are normally expressed as gate
charges Qgd, Qgs etc.
This simplifies the loss calculation to
Time to charge Qgd = Qgd / Gate drive current
51
From datasheet
Qgd = 7.2nC
Assume VSP = 4V
52
26
VDD
gate voltage
ID
VGS
VSP
VTH
VDS
t
53
54
27
No ramp up losses
No ramp up losses
2
I
I
DRIVER(L -H)
DRIVER(H-L)
56
28
57
Reduce Qg using
thick bottom oxide
SyncFET technology
58
29
59
60
30
Vout
Vin
Both Off
High Side On
Vout
Vs
Vout
31
Vin
Low Side ON
Vout
Vs
Vout
Vs
63
Low Side
ON
VDD
VS
0V
IxRDS(ON)
VD
64
Diode
ON
Diode
ON
32
65
System Parameters
VIN
High-Side
Q1
SW NODE
L1
D1
Low-Side
Q2
12
VOUT
1.5
IOUT
15
FSW
300
kHz
VOUT
MOSFET
Switching Loss
Conduction Loss
Other Losses
Total Losses
Output Power
Efficiency
High-Side Low-Side
FDD6644 FDB6676 Total
1.09
0.31
1.40 W
0.21
1.15
1.36 W
0.26 W
1.30
1.46
3.02 W
22.5 W
88%
66
33
V
OUT 10 3
VIN
V
PCONDLS = 1 OUT
VIN
IOUT 2 10 3
67
Vin
Vout
Iout
fsw
Idrv
Vin
Vout
Iout
fsw
Idrv
68
34
part
FDD8870
FDD8874
FDD8896
FDD8876
FDD8880
FDS6294
FDD8878
Rdson
DPAK
DPAK
DPAK
DPAK
DPAK
SO-8
DPAK
3.9
5.1
5.7
8.2
10
11.3
15
Qg typ
91
54
46
34
23
10
19
69
70
35
Parametric Search
71
Related Links
The pdf version of the Power Seminar presentations are available on the our external
website. To access or download the pdfs, please visit
www.fairchildsemi.com/power/pwrsem2006.html
For product datasheets, please visit www.fairchildsemi.com
For application notes, please visit www.fairchildsemi.com/apnotes
For application block diagrams, please visit www.fairchildsemi.com/markets
For design tools, please visit the design center at www.fairchildsemi.com
For more information on SUPERFET, please visit
http://www.fairchildsemi.com/whats_new/superfet/index.html
For more information on QFET, please visit
http://www.fairchildsemi.com/products/discrete/qfet_mos.html
For more information on HVIC Gate Drivers, please visit
http://www.fairchildsemi.com/whats_new/hvic/index.html
To access FET bench, please visit http://www.transim.com/fairchild/index.html
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