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Chemical Kinetics MCQ PDF
Chemical Kinetics MCQ PDF
Problem 1:
A (half life = 12.8 h) transforms to B (35%), C (19%) and D (43%) each by 1st order
kinetics as shown below.
Solution:
Let the rate constants of the above processes be k1, k2 and k3, respectively and the
overall rate constant be k. Then
Also, k1 = 0.38 k =
Similarly,
= 67.36h
Where t1, t2 and t3 are the partial half-lives for the conversion of A and B, C and D,
respectively, by 1st order kinetics.
Problem 2:
Solution:
= 227.1 min
Problem 3:
Solution:
t1/2 of a first order reaction at 27C is 100 min. 106 % of the reactant molecules exists
in the activated state at 27C calculate maximum rate constant of the reaction.
=
k = AeEa/RT
A=
= 6.93
When
Problem 4:
Solution:
107 min1
The half life of P32 is 14.3 days. Calculate the specific activity of a phosphorus
containing specimen having1.0 ppm P32 (Atomic weight of P = 31)
Activity of 1g sample is the specific activity of the sample 106g contains 1g P32
1g sample will contain 106 P32 i.e.
atoms of P32
=
= 1.089 1010 dps
Since this is activity i.e. rate of decay of 1g sample
Specific activity = 1.089 1010 dps per gram
=
Problem 5:
Solution:
= 0.295 CI per g
The gas phase decomposition of dimethyl ether follows first order kinetics.
CH3OCH3(g)
CH4(g_ + H2(g) + CO(g)
The reaction is carried out in a constant volume container at 500C. Initially only
dimethyl ether is present at a pressure of 0.40 atm. The total pressure of the gaseous
reaction mixture after 12 minute is 0.75 atm. Calculate half-life of the reaction.
CH3OCH3(g)
CH4(g_ + H2(g) + CO(g)
P0
0
0
0
t = 0
P0 x
x
x
x
t = 12 minute
From question P0 = 0.40 atm
Total pressure after 12 minute = P0 = x + x + x + x = 0.75 atm
or P0 + 2x = 0.75
x = 0.175 atm
At constant volume mole pressure
So,
=
= 0.0475 min-1
Problem 6:
Solution:
Problem 7:
The rate of a firs order reaction is 0.8 mol L1 min1 after 10 min and 0.1 after 30 min
from the start of the reaction. Find half time of the reaction.
Rate Cn, where n is the order of reaction
For a first order reaction: N = 1 so
The half-life period of C14 is 5760year. An ancient piece of wood has -activity of
4.4 atm per gram carbon. A living tree has a -activity of 17.6 dpm per gram carbon.
A dead coal when examined in the same Gniger-Muller instrument, it was found to
have an activity of 1.1 compounds per gram carbon. Calculate how long before the
tree was cut.
Solution:
= 13380.13 years
Problem 8:
The isotpe U238- and U235 occur in nature in the ratio of 140 : 1. Assuming that at the
time of earth formation, they were present in equal ratio, make an estimation of the
age of the earth. The half life period of U238 and U235 as 4.5 109 and 7.13 108 year
respectively.
Solution:
In nature
At the time of earth formation
If
and
and
, we get
Solution:
The rate law expression in this question, suggests that concentration of acid is nothing
to play with velocity.
i) When concentration of ester is doubled; velocity of the reaction will become
double.
ii) When concentration of H+ ion is doubled velocity will be unaffected.
Problem 11: At 27C it was observed, during a reaction of hydrogenation that the pressure of H2
gas decreases from 2 atm to 1.1 atm in 75 min. Calculate the rate of reaction
(molarity/sec). Given (R = 0.082/litre atom K1 mole1)
Solution:
Rate =
atm/min
Rate in atm/sec
atm/sec.
= 0.34098 hour1
After 2 hours
= 0.34660 hour1
After 4 hours
= 0.3455 hour1
After 6 hours
= 0.4164 hour1
After 8 hours
= 0.3428 hour1
0.3584 =
[fraction decomposed]
Problem 13: For the decomposition of dimethyl ether, A in the Arrhenious equation K = AeE/RT
has a value of 1.26 1013 and Ea value of 58.5 kcal. Calculate half life period for first
order decomposition at 527C.
Solution:
(i)
1013)
= 13.1003 15.9799
= 2.8796
K = 1.3194 103 sec1
Let order with respect to NO(g) is `m and order with respect to H2(g) is `n
Then, Rate =
(1)
0.020 = K [0.15]m [0.40]n
(2)
(3)
0.005 = K [0.075]m [0.40]n
m
n
0.010 = K [0.15] [0.2]
(4)
Dividing Eq. (2) by (3), we get
m=2
Dividing Eq. (2) by (4), we get
n=1
Rate =
Substituting the values of m, n in Eq. (2), we get
0.020 = K (0.15)2 [0.40]
K = 2.22 atm2 min1
Problem 15: 10 gram atoms of an -active radio isotope are disintegrating in a sealed container.
In one hour the helium gas collected at STP is 11.2 cm3. Calculate the half-life of the
radio-isotope.
Solution:
6.02
years
Problem 16: A carbon radio isotope ZXA (half life 10 days) decays to give Z2YA4. If 1.00 gm atom
of ZXA is kept in a sealed tube, how much helium will accumulate in 20 days ?
Express the result in cm3 at STP.
Solution:
-particles = 1
gm atom. An
-particle takes 2
gm atom
cc
cc
Problem 17: Radioactive decay is a first order process. Radioactive carbon wood sample decays
with a half life of 5770 years. What is the rate constant in (years)1 for the decay?
What fraction would remain after 11540 years?
Solution:
104 year1
= 1.201
104
1.201
4.002 =
(Remaining fraction) =
Problem 18: A sample of 53I131, as iodide ion, was administered to a patient in a carrier consisting
of 0.10 mg of stable iodide ion. After 4.00 days, 67.7% of the initial radioactivity was
detected in the thyroid gland of the patient. What mass of the stable iodide ion had
migrated to the thyroid gland? Given T1/2 I131 = 8 days.
Solution:
We know,
= 0.09575 mg
Solution:
=
(b)
Problem 2:
Solution:
,
Let k at T1 is equal to kcat at T2, then
(a)
Problem 3:
(b) 40kJ/mol
(d) 100 kJ/mol
Solution:
Problem 4:
Solution:
a
0
t=0
ax
3x
t=t
From curve: a x 3x when t = 20 min
a = 4x
49 min
Problem 5:
When a reaction is carried out taking 4M concentration of the reactant, the half-time
of the reaction is 20 min. When the same reaction is carried out taking 1 M
concentration of the reactant, in concentration of the reactant is reduced to 0.25 M in
4 hours. Hence order of reaction is
(a) one
(b) two
(c) half
(d) zero
Solution:
(b)
Problem 6:
Solution:
T2 = 600 K = 327 C
(b)
Problem 7:
Solution:
Another first order reaction B is 75% complete in 40 min at the same temperature. If
these two reactions are carried out simultaneously at 27C taking equal initial
concentration of the reactants A and B in each reaction, the ratio of concentration of
to that of B after 60 minute will be
(a) 1:2
(b) 1:1
(c) 1:3
(d) 2:1
For the reaction:
(d)
Problem 8:
In a first order reaction 106% of the reactant molecule are able to cross-over the
potential energy barrier at 27C. The Ea (kJmol1) of the reaction will be nearly
(a) 100
(b) 45
(c) 50
(d) 20
Solution:
(b)
Problem 9:
Solution:
is a first order at low gas and 2nd order at high gas pressure.
(b)
Problem 10: The conc. vs time at curve of a reaction
is an given below. The order of
reaction is
(a) zero
(b) one
(c) two
(d) half
Solution:
Thus,
i.e. order = 2
(c)
Problem 11: The reaction A(g) + 2B(g)
C(g) + D(g) is an elementary process. In an
experiment, the initial partial pressure of A and B are PA = 0.60 and PB = 0.80 atm.
When PC = 0.2 atm the rate of reaction relative to the initial rate is
(a) 1/48
(b) 1/24
(c) 9/16
(d)1/6
Solution:
After reaction
A
+ 2B
0.6 0.2 0.8 0.4
0.4
0.4
C + D
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
(d)
Problem 12: Thermal decomposition of a compound is of first order. If 50% of a sample of the
compound is decomposed in 120 minute show long will it take for 90% of the
compound to decompose?
(a) 399 min
(b) 410 min
(c) 250 min
(d) 120 min
Solution:
(1)
(2)
t = 399 minutes
(a)
Problem 13: If concentration are measured in mole/litre and time in minutes, the unit for the rate
constant of a 3rd order reaction are
(a) mol lit1min1
(b) lit2 mol2 min1
(d) min1
K = [conc.]1n min1
For 3rd order reaction
= [mole/litre]13 min1
= lit2.mole2min1
(b)
Problem 14: What is the activation energy for the decomposition of N2O5 as
N 2 O5
2NO2 +
O2
If the values of the rate constants are 3.45 105 and 6.9 103 at 27C and 67C
respectively.
(a) 102 102 kJ
(b) 488.5 kJ
(c) 112 kJ
(d) 112.5 kJ
Solution:
Ea = 112.5 kJ
(d)
Problem 15: The kinetic data for the reaction: 2A + B2
2AB are as given below:
[A]
[B2]
Rate
molL1 min1
mol L1 molL1
0.5
1.0
2.5 103
1.0
1.0
5.1 103
0.5
2.0
1 102
Hence the order of reaction w.r.t A and B2 an, respectively
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 1
(c) 1 and 1
(d) 2 and 2
Solution:
Data suggest that when the conc. of A is doubled keeping the conc. of B2 constant,
the rate is just doubled and when conc. of B2 is doubled keeping the conc. of A
constant, the rate increases 4 times i.e.
Rate [A], when [B2] is constant and
Rate [B2]2, when [A] is constant
Hence order w.r.t. A and B2 are 1 and 2, respectively
Problem 17: Lead remains always present in uranium ore due to radio active decay of U238 (t1/2 =
109 years) to lead 2906 (the enol product). In an uranium mineral, U238 to
Pb206 mole rate was found to be 1:3. Hence age of the mineral is:
(a) 2.25 109 years
(b) 1.5 109 years
(c) 9.0 109 years
(d) 1.25 109 years
Solution:
n=2
age T =
(c)
Problem 18: During the fission of U235, energy of the order of 180 MeV is generated per nucleus
fissioned. The amount of energy released by the fission of 0.235g of U235 is:
(a) 1.73 107 kJ
(b) 1.08 1025 kJ
16
(c) 1.73 10 kJ
(d) 1.08 107 kJ
Solution:
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
The incorrect statement amongst the following about order of reaction is:
(a) It is an experimental property
(b) It concerned with kinetics
(c) It may be any number including zero
(d) It is a fixed property which does not change in any case.
7.
8.
If
of a reaction be positive and k1 and k2 be the rate constants of forward reaction and
backward reaction, respectively, at temperature tC
and
be the respective rate
constants at (t + 10)C then
(a)
(b)
(c)
For which of the following reactions, the average life will be the minimum?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d) PCl5
9.
PCl3 + Cl2
Among
equilibrium constant (K), rate constant and Ea the one or more than one that is
(are) not affected by catalyst is (one)
(a) Rate constant and
(b) K and Ea
(c)
and K
(d) Only K
Answers
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Level 2
1.
2NO2(g) +
O2(g)
3.
4.
5.
if the initial pressure of C2H4O(g) is 80 mm and the total pressure at the end of 20 minutes is
120 mm.
(a) 40 min
(b) 120 min
(c) 20 min
(d) 80 min
6.
7.
Rate constant of a first order reaction is 0.0693 min1. If we start with 20 mol L1, it is
reduced to 2.5 mol L1 in:
(a) 10 min
(b) 20 min
(c) 30 min
(d) 40 min
The half life of a first order reaction is 10 minutes. If initial amount is 0.08 mol/litre and
concentration at some instant is 0.01 mol/litre, then t =
(a) 10 minutes
(b) 30 minutes
(c) 20 minutes
(d) 40 minutes
8.
9.
10.
(b)
(c)
(d)
11.
In the first order reaction the concentration of reactant decreases from 2 M to 0.50 M in 20
minutes. The value of specific rate is
(a) 69.32
(b) 6.932
(c) 0.6932
(d) 0.06932
12.
The rate of a gaseous reaction is given by the expression K[A]2[B]3. If the volume of reaction
vessel is suddenly reduced to one half of the initial volume. The reaction rate relative to the
original rate will be
(a) 1/24
(b) 1/32
(c) 32
(d) 24
13.
The half life period t1/2 is independent of initial concentration of reactant when the order of
reaction is
(a) Negative
(b) 0
(c) 1
(d) Fractional
14.
(c) 1
15.
= tan1
Hence Ea will be
(a) 2.303
(c) 2 cal
2 cal
(b)
(d) None of these
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
Two substances A(t1/2 = 5 min.) and B(t1/2 = 15 min.) are taken in such away that initially
[A]0 = 4[B]0. The time after which both the concentrations will be equal is
(a) 5 min.
(b) 15 min.
(c) 20 min.
(d) Concentrations can never be equal
Answers
1.
(d)
2.
(d)
3.
(d)
4.
(b)
5.
(c)
6.
(c)
7.
(b)
8.
(b)
9.
(d)
10.
(a)
11.
(d)
12.
(c)
13.
(c)
14.
(b)
15.
(c)
16.
(b)
17.
(b)
18.
(c)
19.
(c)
20.
(b)