1

( - -).....
1



- 2

. :
Icable=Icb*1.2

Icb= IL *1.2

( )Icable ()Icb

)IL=kw / (1.73*v*0.8

 ( )Icb ()IL
: 11 8.0 514

IL = 21*1.73 =36.5A
Icb= IL *1.2=36.5*1.2=43A
54 48

- Resistive Loads:

- Inductive Loads

1 08 (
... ).


( )KVAR-Generator

.

 -:





%18

( )


( )
(
)

4 18.1 0.0
18.1

= 4 /
= ( 18.1 = 4 / ) 18.1 + 0.0 + 18.1
=(( ) / )) * 188

 = (( %4.0 = 188 * ))18.1 / )18.1 18.1

% 4.0 %18






18 1
1 = *1
= 1 1818 1 1 1 + 1 1 1 +
= 185 ()
5 :
1 55 01 = 4

180 = 01 - 185 ( )


-1(Reliability) :



.
-2(Flexibility):

) (Spare

.

188
588= 8.11*188
588 188

-3
Maximum demand: 18 48


.



.
:
4 18 18 58 58 188
18 48 . 48
W 650
1848=18*48+188*58+18*58+18*4
w650.

 = /
=% 14.1=141 .8 =1848/ 148
demand



= 15 15 /
= 11 11 /
demand factor
= /


Diversity Factor: = /
Diversity factor = / Sum of individual maximum demand / maximum demand

.




1

1
4
148 :

 2
188 5
:

1.4=188/)18+08+58+08( =1
1.14=118/)18+08+58+48(=1
1.4=188/)118+158(=4
1.44=118/)188+188(=5
=(1.10=188/)148+188+118+188

 3
4 :
-1 ( ) maximum demand 10MW 18
-1 ( ) maximum demand 12MW 7
-1 ( ) maximum demand 15MW 9
( ) maximum demand 33MW 8

37MW=10+12+15

33MW
= 1.11=40/44

42.
4

 5

8.0 %08
1 148 8.0
= 188 = 8.0*148
1 148 8.0
= 118 = 8.0*148
4 588 8.0
= 418 = 8.0*588
5 188 8.0
= 118 = 8.0*188
= 088 = 118+418+118+188

= * 1888 = 1.4*088 = 1.4
8.0
= 418 = 088 * 8.0
%08
= 088 = 8.0/418
%18
= 058 = 1.1 *088
058 1888 1888
)Coincidence factor (sky = /
Coincidence factor = Maximum demand / Sum of individual maximum demand

 ()Load Factor
.

.

1
18
14 = %04 = 8.04 = 18/14
15 08
188 = 8.0 = 188/08

= 0011 = 0111+0111+0011
:
1
0111 1.0
= 0011 = 1.0* 0111

 2
0011 1.0
= 011 = 1.0* 0011
3
0111 1.0
= 011 = 1.0* 0111

=( 0000 = 0.0 / )011+011+0011
0111 0011
0011 011
0111 011
0011 0000

= 0 * = 0.0 = 1.00 * 01
= 0 * = 00 = 1.00 * 01
= 0 * = 00.0 = 1.00 * 01

- 0 0 = 0 = 0.0/0.0
- 0 0 = 00 = 0.0/00
- 0 0 = 00 = 0.0/00.0
= 00 = 00+00+0

 -4

- 1 KVA
KVA

( )KVA -:
= x
( ) V

( ) I

1
= / = 5.11 = 158 / 1888
( )KVA
= 4
= / * 1.401 = 1.041 *514 / 1888 = 4
-2 KW
KW
( )KW :
= x x .
= ( / * ( = 4.1 = )8.0*158( /1888
1 4.1 158
( )KW ( 414)
= 4
1
= / * *1.041 = ) 1.041*8.0*514 ( /1888 = 4

 1.04 514
514
1.04 158 4
= 4
= 1.041 = 4 * 8.0 * 158 / 1888
-3 KVAR
KVAR
= / * *1.041 = ) 1.041*8.0*514 ( /1888 = 4
-4

514
158 = 1.041 /514
514 405 158
114 = 1.041 / 405



:
-1



.
-2



188
.
Vd = (mV * L * I ) / 1000

=Vd
=Mv

K DC RESISTANCE
V/A/KM
V/A
= L ()
= I ()

 -4


:
418 11.0

MVAsc = 3 * kA *KV
MVAsc 448
11

= 10.4 = ) 11 * 4( /448
1.1 148
= 11.0 = ) 1.1 * 4( /148
188 148
%5.4 = 4.14 = )8.854* 4(/148

-1

1 4 48 08
- 2
:
-A
588 44 14
- B
188 588 14 44
-3
:

 -A
58 14 18 11
- B
58 4 18

8.514/11
8.514


MVA
MVA
MVA

104.1
8.514

514





-1 ( )

-2

11

:
-1 3 :
415
-2 1:
158 =4/514


=

 :
1 3 ()383-414


118

- 1
R Y B

- 2
4
Y
:
N 148
514
514
( ) R-Y) (B-Y) (R-B
118 () R-N


514 ( R-
) Y-B ( ) N
( )R
( )Y
( )B
( )N

-2 ()223-243


. .
-1
118

( ) R - N

4


-2


( )RN-BN-YN






:
-1


-2

1 1
1

1 18
18


%18 11 1


4



-1 4
-1 4
-4 4
-5 1 1

1



)R=/23.14xL (loge (8xL/d)-1
/
L
D
.
5 11.1 488
) (R :
)R=/23.14xL (loge (8xL/d)-1
R=500/ (23.144) x (Loge (84/0.0125)-1) = 8.2
1
:
= * 1.4
= 12 = 8.2 * 1.4
12 1

 1
58 1.4
40 .
= * 1.4
=
)R=/23.14xL (loge (8xL/d)-1
R=40/ (23.142.5) x (Loge (82.5/0.038)-1) =1.48
1
= 1.1 = 1.50 * 1.4
1 1

:
-1 11
-1 11 44 11
-4 44

112
1 1 11
18 1 181
11 1 111

 11 2 342
14 1 111
44 1 111
342
48 1 14 =1/481
08 1 44 =1/081
04 1 48 =1/041
104 1 04 =1/1041
488 1 148 =1/4881
08 * 1


= ( ( * ) / ) K
K

1

4 1 .
K 114
3
= ( ( 14 = )114 / )4 * 11 1
11 1 141

 1
= ( ( 0.0 = )114 / )1 * 11 1
18 1 111

= 5 /
188
48 = 5/1881

-1
-1

 -4

1
(
) ( )
18


58*58*58



1 %18
4 %58


18

-1
-1
-4


: / /





1


0888

18



4888
0888


514 158
11 514

158

.

1488 %4
-1
= / = 48 = 8.84 / 1.4
= / * 51.0 = 1.041 * 8.514 / 48 = 4
51
= * 0 *
= 110 = 51 * 8.4 * 01
488 1 1
148

:
.1
T .
I
.2
= T .
= N TN-C .TN-S



(: )TN-C

( )PE
.

 (( TN -S

(: )TN-C-S
( )TN-C
( )TN-S

( )Protective Multiple Earthing) (PME

. ( )PEN (Combined
)Earth (CNE) Conductor & Neutral

 (: )IT

. .

N

4


118 514

( ) N ( ) E

-1




,

 -2

1
1
.
IN= IR<0 + IY<120 + IB<-120

IN

BN

YN

RN

4.1

4.1

4.1

223

223

223

4.1

4.1

4.1

223

223

223

4.1

4.4

1.4

223

223

223

4.1

4.4

1.4

333

243

143

.


118.


- 1 3 ( 433)

 -2 ( 243 )

588

588
148
4


:






588

88 588
.

588

188
R

Y B

-1

588
1 188
58
58
480
188 110

 -1

58
414 188
114 .
43
58
.

118 .
43 133
58 188
.


58 400 188
188 14

558
558
148 118
448
118

 118

148 = 118+ 118 .
R 4 B
1 B 1
R B
Y

4P

3.414/11




8.514/11

-1 18 ()240V
-1 18 188 4( (415V
-3 188
188 148 118 488 418 488 158 1888 960KW 1500KVA 4.4 188 488 1.1 488 1488 - 1488 11

 4.4 1.1
11 188
4 11KV 18 33KV 3.414/11

:


:
-1
() .

 -2 :


.
.
-1
-1 ( )x ( )Y
-4 ( )Xo ( )Yo




.




() 5.4* 5


.
-1 514 18 188
-1 1.1 188 1
- 4 11 188 1
-5 11 1 1
-4 11 1 4
-1 44 4


488 1
.
= *
= 588 = 8.0 * 488

Demand & Diversity Factors




( )

.
.
.

( )

 -1


:
= /
KVA = P/COS = KW/0.8
4 5
58 18

= * * +
= *
= 18 = 5 * 4
= 018 = 18 + 18 * 58
1888



44


-1 0888 .
11 188
= *
= ) 018= 188 / )11 * 0888
1888 = 1
-1 1488 48
.
11 188
= * *
= ) 4.5= 188 / ) 48 * 11 * 1500
1888

) = 1 )

= /
= 4.5 = 1 / 4.5 1 1
1.4
4.1 = 1.4 / 4.5 5 1.4


.
-1


4

( )

 - 2

4


.

11
11

588 1 488 1 104 1 XLPE

433 2 433/1

%50
= 101 = 588* 8.50
108 588

= 405 = 101+ 101

 588
588
333 2 333/1

1/488
%50
= 155 = 488* 8.50
155 488

= 100 = 155+ 155
488

-1 4 ( ) 3 M VA
4
1488
1488 11
( )
4 ( ) (
) 1
11 ( )
11

 -1 4
11

-4 11 4
11 11/44

 -5 44 11

.
.
.
.

.

 .
.

.
:
-1 % 18

-1 % 58

-4 % 58

:
1 :
* .
* % 48
*
04 .
2 Kva .
= *
2 :
* % 44

* 188
. = * *
3 Kva .
= *
3 :
* % 14
* 148

* 6 Kva .
= * *
:
%18
% 23
* % 48
* . 0.02 Kva / m
:
= * *
% 33
* % 08 .
*

. 0.05 Kva / m

= * *
% 13
* .
* . 0.09 Kva / m :
= * *
% 23
* % 48
* . 0.06 Kva / m :
= * *

 - % 23
.
. 0.05 Kva / m
= * *
0.8
:
= ( 8.0 )

.
% 58
= * = 8.5 .

8.81

).) 0.06 Kva / m

. 8.0
:
= * *
:

:
% 18
% 58
% 58
8.80 ( ). 0.09 Kva / m
. 8.0
:
= * *
:

:

 % 18
% 58
% 58
8.84 ( ). 0.05 Kva / m
. 8.0
:
= * *





:

 - 1

.

188 11
158
418

= 01588 = 158*418

 = 18410 = 188 / 11* 01588

= 18.4
1.4
= 1 = 1.4/18.4
%18
= 1.1 = 8.1 * 18.4
1.4 %08
= 1.84 = 8.0 * 1.4
= 1 = 1.84/ 1.1
1 1.4


60

4
1488 1188 %04
= 1818 = 8.04* 1188
1888 088 %04
= 108 = 8.04 * 088
488 588 %04
= 458 = 8.04 * 588
% 04

%48 %08
%08 50 = 8.0 * 18 :
1488
= / = 11 = 50 / 1818
1888
= / = 15 = 50 / 108

 488
= / = 0 = 50 / 458
18
115 4
110 50

= * = 1101 = 50 *110
= / = 1 = 1818/ 1101
1 1488
1 1
1488

1

1/488
488 1

 1 08 1 188

1
1 1 + 188
108 = 08 488
1/488 488

488
488
18
%48
48 = 8.4*18 1488 11
148 = 48*11
8.0 = 000 = 8.0 /148
10
= 51 = 10/000 11

%41.4 000 = 8.414*1488
1 1488
51 01 = 1*51
4
488

 488
441 = 01+01+01 + 08 =1 488
4 1 = 145 = 01+01+08
488
488 =
445 = 188+01+01+08 488
= 188+ 01+08
= 101 488
1

2

1/488 1 1
488 1 1 48
1 08


1 1 105 = 01+ 01+ 48 + 08
488
115 = 01+01+48 = 1 488
145 = 01+01+08 = 1 488

 488

1 1 488

1
11 * 5.4 4
1 1488 1
4888

( )

 - 1
- 1
1
1
1



- 1 1
4

- 2 2
4

1
1
.

2
1

 3
1 1

( )






.
.

 118


RMU





4 4








-2



-3







-4





-1

.
-2


.
-3

-1


18 *18
1

 -2

-1

.




.
.

 -2 -

( )



.
.
.

-3


()

.


.
-4




.

-1



.

 -7



.
()
.










.





.




.

-1



.
.


:
-1



-2


-3




( - - - )




-4

.
.
488 1888
. Lux

.
:Lux

()Lux

143-43
433-243

1333-433

2333-1333

Lux
.

.
-4 :

.
-1 :



.

:
. -0 .


.
. ,
4/1 1888
48 Lux

-1
= ( 8.1 * )
-1
= ( 8.810 * )
188 188 188
588

5 4 4

= 11 = 5*4
= 158 = ) 188 * 11 ( * 8.1
= 1.5 = 188/158 1 4
.

Number of Lamps and Sockets and ratings

Space

Functi

Area

luminance

Type of

Required

Actual

No. of

No of

Socket

on
No

s
(m2)

(Lux)

Lamp

Watta

Wattage

Lamps

Sockets

N.

ge
1

Bedroom

26

50

260

560

18

50

180

360

18

200

244

460

1
2

Bedroom
2

Reading
room

Salon

22

75

330

660

Dinning

22

75

330

660

24

50

240

460

300

183.6

360

Room

Hall 1

Kitchen

Balcony 1

10.56

50

105

340

Balcony 2

13.2

50

132

440

10

Bathroom

5.06

100

34.4

40

11

W.C

1.6

100

32

40

12

Hall 2

5.7

50

57

60

13

Hall 3

4.48

50

44.8

60

14

Hall 4

50

30.8

40

15

Entrance

10

50

100

340

1
4 1
= 1 = 4*1
= 118 = ) 188 * 1 ( * 8.1
= 1.1 = 188/118 1 1

1 1

 1088

1 Y1 Y1
B1
B3
R1
B2

( )

1


5 1 1 1
4

- 1 4.24
- 4 24
- 3 2 4 64
- 2 1111
- 2 1111 11
- 6 3 41
- 7 (3 ) 31
- 1 31
- 0 188
-18 48

( )
11.54
11 1 XLPE
18
188 NH MJ


11.54 11 1 XLPE

= 40.0 = 1.041* 11.54
= 51 = 1.1* 40.0
18

 14

11 1 PVC

18 158
18 18
158 514 18

11.54 18 18

514/ 158
188/ 18

:
-1 .
-1 ( ).
-4 .
-5 ( ) .
-4 .
-1 .
-0 ( ) RISER DIAGRAM


18 158
18 188
514 118

 :


.
-1
-1
-4
-5 .
-4 .
-1 .

.
.
.
:
-1 :

:




488
( )48

ACB
MCCB
-1

-2

( )


()
118 .

 233*833*833
( )
4
5

233*133*833
5 4

 233*433*133
1

-2

( )Lighting ( )power
:
.1
.1

.
.4 ( )Earth leakage
.
) (FDB 4

 ( ) R-Y-B ( )N () E

.
( )M.C.B

.
. 1

MCB .

 4
( )MDB ( ) SMDB (CB

( ) MDB ( ) CB
( )SMDB ()FDB

 -2


18 11 48 58



-1 (One Way Switch):
()
18 1188

-2 )(Rocker Type



"
" :
.
.

( ..)

 -3 )(Two Way Switch

()

) (Common



) (Strapping wires
..

 ( ) .

()


158







-3 ( )




188

( )
(L).

 ( )
(N).

( /) (E).

-1
-A
18

-B

18 11

-2

-1

4 18
4 481
18

 1.4 5 1 51

-2 ( )

4 0 0 1881
MCB 18
41
5 1 0 48

1 5 1 0 .
- 1 11.
- 4 14 18.
- 5
- 14-18

 41 4 5 1 4 ( - - )
- 1 48 54
-0 188


54 148

54



-4 (Ceiling Roses):


() ()

( )

188

 18 14
1.4
1

"
" .
-4


:
-1
-1
-4 ( )




( ) 188
,
Carbon
Tungsten .

 :
-1 :

-1 :

-3 :

-4 :


-4 :
()
-1 :


,




- A :




.

. 1.4 5 58..
118 40 18 10

Hg
Ar



-1 EEFL
External Electrode Fluorescent Lamps

-2 CCFL
cold cathode fluorescent lamp




158

( )

()
1888

118 58 58
18 18 18
18 58




.


.
.
.



4 118 40

-1
= 115 = 40 * 4
= 110 = 8.4 / 115
8.04 = 158 / 110
-2
= 115 = 40 * 4
= 145 = 8.04 / 115
8.4 = 158 / 145





-1

-1

 -3

-5

-4

 -B ()

18 48
158 11

-1 -
- 1 ) 380( -
- 4
- 5 30% -20%

- 4

- 1

- 0 30
- 0 30

- 1

 -2
-

-3

:
- A

- B

 - C

- D

- E

-F ()