I.

INTRODUCTION TO BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

The services during construction begin on the date established in the

owner-contractor agreement or set out in the notice-to-proceed. From this
point forward, project meetings are normally conducted at the construction
site rather than in the owners conference room, and many new team
members participate. Each meeting agenda includes the status of
construction phase activities, and the contractor and primary subcontractors
report on the progress of construction in their areas. It is required to report on
the progress and quality of the work while keeping the submittal review
flowing and maintaining control of the contract documents.
It can be exciting to travel to a job site and represent the owner during
construction, but it is also challenging to juggle paperwork and site
responsibilities. Issuing site observation reports, reviewing submittals, and
documenting changes in a timely manner requires careful planning, an
organized schedule, and efficient execution.
Unexpected problems can require much more time and cause more
complication than could ever have been reasonably anticipated. Sources of
difficulty are unlimited and can include unusual weather conditions, accidents,
contractor problems with workmanship and unavailability of materials or labor,
owner misunderstandings, disputes, and third-party injury and claims.

II. OBJECTIVES

Conduct on-site observations

Gather relevant information
Document and communicate status
Resolve constructability issues or give recommendations

III. AREA AND ITS PROPOSITION

The location of the building inspected is at Star St., Golden Country Homes
Subdivision, Alangilan Batangas. The building been inspected is a 4-storey
condominium with 24 units (6 units each floor) near BatStateU Main Campus II.
IV. DATE AND WEATHER OF INSPECTION

Dates of inspection were held last July 7, 11, 15, 20 and 25 of 2016 by the Civil
and Sanitary Engineering students of Batangas State University. The building was
inspected all with sunny weather at around 12 noon. This is to have a good and free
conversation with the laborers/ foreman/ engineer without bothering their work.
Regarding with the photos seen that the workers were working, those were taken
past 1pm and some were starting right away before 1pm. These were also
inspectors intention to capture how the workers work.

V. MATERIALS USED

Ground floor

Slab
Steel bars 12 mm
Lumber 2 x 2 lumber
Beam
Steel bars 16mm, 12 mm, 10 mm for ties
Lumber 2 x 2 lumber
Formworks marine plywood
Column
Steel bars 20 mm, 16mm, 10mm for ties
Lumber 2 x 2 lumber
Formworks - marine plywood
CHB
Size of outer wall 5
Size of division wall 4
Steel bars - 12 mm

Second floor

Slab
Steel bars 12 mm
Lumber -2 x 2 lumber
Formworks phenolic board
Beam
Steel bars -16mm, 12 mm, 10 mm for ties
Lumber -2 x 2 lumber
Formworks -marine plywood
Column
Steel bars 16 mm, 10 mm for ties
Lumber -2 x 2 lumber
Formworks - marine plywood
CHB
Size of outer wall 5
Size of division wall 4
 Steel bars - 12 mm

Third floor

Slab
Steel bars -Steel bars 12 mm
Lumber -2 x 2 lumber
Formworks - phenolic board
Beam
Steel bars -16mm, 12 mm, 10 mm for ties
Lumber -2 x 2 lumber
Formworks marine plywood
Column
Steel bars -16 mm, 10 mm for ties
Lumber -2 x 2 lumber
Formworks -marine plywood
CHB
Size of outer wall 5
Size of division wall 4
Steel bars - 12 mm

Pipes

Orange electrical and sewage

Blue potable water
White drainage

VI. MACHINES USED

Machines make work easier by multiplying, reducing, or changing the direction of

a force. Simple machines cannot change the amount of work done, but they can
reduce the effort force that is required to do the work. Here are some machines that
were used in the construction that were inspected.
Concrete mixer is a device that homogeneously combines cement, aggregate
such as sand or gravel, and water to form concrete. These are often used so that the
concrete can be made at the construction site, giving the workers ample time to use
the concrete before it hardens.
In the construction inspected, concrete mixer is used to provide concrete from
ground to second floor.
Concrete pump is a machine used for transferring liquid concrete by pumping.
Engr. Joey Bagos (engineer of the on-going construction) decided to use concrete
pump instead of concrete mixer in providing concrete on third floor.
 A vise is a mechanical apparatus used to secure an object to allow work to be
performed on it. Vises have two parallel jaws, one fixed and the other movable,
threaded in and out by a screw and lever.
In construction, they use vise to grip or hold metal, wood or plastic to let another
work done. For example, it is used grip the steel bar to cut or shape it; wood to saw;
and pipe to cut.
A grinding machine uses an abrasive wheel as a cutting tool to shape or change
the dimensions of a hard material. The types of materials that need grinding are
usually metallic items such as tools and rods. These machines generally work by
reducing the material through abrasion. Generally, the grain of the abrasive wheel
chips away at the material, changing its shape or dimension.

VII. MANPOWER

It is very natural that, the continual positive development of any business owe to
its effective planning. Making all the necessary preparations and appropriate
arrangements proactively basing upon what is expected to happen in future and
performing a series of tasks and activities accordingly in an organized, systematic
and capable way is one of the important functions of management, which needs
effective planning process. It is through the process of proper planning as well as
designing an effective organizational structure by assigning an assortment of
responsibilities to the concerned laborers may accomplish their set of objectives.
The concept of the right person should be placed at the right place and at the right
time is essentially important to a building construction as it includes a wide and
comprehensive range of activities in relation to "the management of man".
Manpower power planning focuses on the effective utilization of existing human
elements as well as fulfilling future needs of manpower in the organizations
whenever the situations necessitate. Man power planning is "the process of
determining manpower needs and the means and ways to meet those needs in
order to carry out the integrated plan of the organization." It is very much
indispensable for any organization to perform the activities efficiently and to produce
desired results.
In the on-going construction, there were 17 workers provided with different
activities depending on the need of the construction. Though the contractors are
stay-in, there were cases that someone needs to absent. The foreman has nothing
to do but split its job to still meet the right progress or have overtime.
The foreman in-charge was not only giving instructions to the workers, yet he
also works like one of them. The foreman and his workers scope of work were
mainly everything except on electrical works. The foreman stated that there was
other contractor assigned for electrical works. Most of the workers were stay-in
workers working 8 or 9 hours a day. Every Saturday and days with huge activities
like pump concreting, the Site Engineer was there for supervision and inspection of
the work progress. Instructions were given to the foreman by the Site Engineer, and
it was the foremans duty to inform it to other workers. The foreman is responsible
for reporting to the engineer whatever was done in the site.
Engr. Joey Bagos has the duty to check the materials required for the whole
week and orders it 3 days before it is needed to avoid delay. The engineer is also the
one who is in charge of giving what activity should be done in a week and the
foreman is responsible for giving those tasks to his workers. The construction
foreman is merely in charge of the man power scheduling and leveling.

VIII. PROBLEMS AND OBSERVATIONS

In every business, either its construction or not are having problems. Some
problems are listed below.

From the first visit, the primary concerned problem was the safety. There
were hard hats but not worn, there were no safety shoes used, no hand
protection and eye and face protection as well for the laborers. They only
have hard hats just to comply the requirements needed. In addition,
ladders are unsafe to be used
Some materials used are not properly stored. Steel bars were exposed to
sunlight and rain which may affect its durability.
These contractors were not that strict regarding with the laborers
absences. Work production may be affected because of lack of workers in
each day.

IX. RECOMMENDATION

Supporting the problems listed above, here are some recommendations:

Workers should wear hard hats where there is a potential for objects
falling from above, bumps to their heads from fixed objects, or accidental
head contact with electrical hazards.

Safety glasses or face shields are recommended anytime work operations

can cause foreign objects getting into the eye such as during welding,
cutting, grinding, nailing.

Construction workers should wear work shoes or boots with slip-resistant

and puncture-resistant soles.
Safety-toed footwear should be worn to prevent crushed toes when
working around heavy equipment or falling objects.
 Workers are suggested to wear the right gloves for the job.
Ladders should have the ratio of 1:4.
Cement shall be stored at the work site in a building or a shed which is
dry, leak proof and moisture proof.
It is advised to have a substitute whenever there is absent to eliminate
delay of productivity.

X. DOCUMENTARY PHOTOS

On-going construction

Discussion with the foreman

Machines used (Concrete mixer, Vise and Grinder)

 Materials used

On-going Installation of formworks for 3rd Floor Slab

Framework supporting the slab formwork

Ladder going to second floor Formworks for Beam

Use of Rope and Pulley to Lift Rebars Rebars Installed for Beam
Rebars fabrication for slab and beam Checking required materials to be ordered

Installation of rebars for slab and beam

Fabrication of pipes for rough plumbing installation

Inspectors with the Engr. Joey Bagos

INSPECTION REPORT

TEAM SOLIDWORKS

ALANO, ALDIN Z.
CHAVEZ, MARIA NILEN D.
 DELFIN, AIRA JOY S.
PALAS, ALYANNA KATE M.

August 1, 2016