TIU CHUN VIT NAM

TCVN 7434 - 1: 2004

NG NHA NHIT DO - XC NH BN KO PHN 1: PHNG PHP TH CHUNG
Thermoplatics pipes - Determination of tensile properties Part 1: General test method
1. Phm vi p dng
Tiu chun ny qui nh phng php xc nh bn ko ca ng nha nhit do, c bit l
nhng tnh cht sau:
- ng sut khi t;
- gin di khi t.
Tiu chun ny p dng cho tt c cc loi ng nha nhit do, khng tnh n mc ch s
dng ca chng.
2 Ti liu vin dn
TCVN 6149: 2003 (ISO 1167 : 1996) ng nha nhit do dng vn chuyn cht lng - bn
vi p sut bn trong - Phng php th.
ISO 2602: 1980 Statistical interpretation of test results - Estimation of the mean - Confidence
interval (Din gii thng k cc kt qu th - c tnh gi tr trung bnh - Khong tin cy).
ISO 5893: 1993 Rubber and plastics test equipment - Tensile, flexural and compression types
(constant rate of traverse) - Description (Thit b th cao su v nha - Loi ko, un v nn (tc
th khng i) - M t).
TCVN 7434 - 2: 2004 (ISO 6259 - 2 : 1997) ng nha nhit do - Xc nh bn ko - Phn 2:
ng poly(vinyl clorua) khng ha do (PVC-U), poly(vinyl clorua) clo ha (PVC-C) v poly(vinyl
clorua) chu va p cao (PVC-HI),
TCVN 7434 - 3: 2004 (ISO 6259 - 3 : 1997) ng nha nhit do - Xc nh bn ko - Phn 3:
ng polyolefin.
3. Nguyn tc
Mu th c hnh dng v kch thc cho trc, c ct bng khun ct hoc bng my t ng
nha nhit do theo chiu dc ca ng.
bn ko c o bng my th nhng iu kin qui nh.
4. Thit b, dng c
4.1 My th bn ko, ph hp vi ISO 5893 v p ng cc yu cu k thut qui nh 4.2
n 4.4 di y.
4.2 Kp, gi mu th v c gn vi my sao cho trc chnh ca mu th trng vi hng
ko qua ng trc ca t hp my. iu ny c th t c, v d nh bng cch dng cht
nh tm cc kp.
Mu th c gi sao cho c th ngn khng mu b trt cng lu cng tt v iu ny c
th hiu qu nu dng loi kp c kh nng duy tr hoc tng p lc ln mu th bi v lc tc
ng ln mu th tng.
H thng kp khng c gy ra cc vt gy nt trn kp.
4.3 B phn ch bo ti trng, c gn mt thit b c kh nng o c tng ti trng ko t
m mu th phi mang khi n c treo bng kp. B phn ny c chuyn ng chm dn t
do theo qun tnh vi tc th qui nh, v phi ch r ti trng vi chnh xc trong khong 1
% gi tr thc t. Cn ch n ISO 5893.
4.4 Gin k, thch hp xc nh chiu di on lm vic ca mu th ti bt k thi im no
khi th.
V thc cht thit b s chuyn ng chm dn t do theo qun tnh vi mt tc th qui nh
v c kh nng o c s bin dng vi chnh xc trong khong 1 %. Nu s dng gin k
c, n phi c gn vo mu th bng cch sao cho mu th ch phi chu h hi v bin dng
nh nht v khng c bin dng trt xut hin gia mu th v gin k.
Vic o gin di ca mu th trn c s chuyn ng ca cc kp s thiu chnh xc v cn
phi trnh nu c th c.
CH THCH iu mong mun nhng khng phi l bt buc i vi thit b ny l nn ghi li
di ny hoc bt k s bin thin no v di mt cch t ng nh mt chc nng ca ng
sut trong mu th.
4.5 Panme, hoc thit b tng ng, c kh nng o chnh xc ti 0,01 mm hoc nh hn
v thch hp o chiu dy v chiu rng ca mu th.
4.6 Khun ct, ph hp vi tit din tng ng trong TCVN 7434 - 2: 2004 (ISO 6259 - 2: 1997)
hoc TCVN 7434 - 3: 2004 (ISO 6259 - 3: 1997), ty theo tng trng hp c th.
4.7 My phay v my ct, c kh nng to cc mu th c qui nh trong TCVN 7434 - 2:
2004 (ISO 6259 - 2: 1997) hoc TCVN 7434 - 3: 2004 (ISO 6259 - 3: 1997), ty theo tng trng
hp c th.
5. Mu th
5.1 Bn cht ca mu th
Mu th phi ph hp vi loi tng ng qui nh trong TCVN 7434 - 2: 2004 (ISO 6259 - 2:
1997) hoc TCVN 7434 - 3: 2004 (ISO 6259 - 3: 1997), ty theo tng trng hp c th.
5.2 Chun b mu th
5.2.1 Ly mu t ng
Ct cc thanh mu t ng c cung cp, c ngha l cha b t nng hay cn mng, sao cho
trc ca chng song song vi trc ca ng v vi cc v tr m t cc thanh mu c ly s
ph hp vi im a) hoc im b) di y, ty theo tng trng hp c th:
a) ng c kch thc ngoi danh ngha nh hn hoc bng 63 mm
Ly on ng c chiu di khong 150 mm.
Ct cc thanh mu theo cc cung c chia u phn b theo chu vi ca ng, bt u t ng
sinh c ly lm ng chun.
Tr khi c qui nh khc, ct t nht ba thanh mu trn mi mt ng sao cho c th ly c ba
mu th (xem bng 1).
Bng 1 - S lng mu th nn ly
ng knh 15 dn < 75 75 dn < 280 280 dn < 450 dn 450
ngoi danh
ngha, dn mm
S cung hoc 3 5 5 8
thanh mu
b) ng c kch thc ngoi danh ngha ln hn 63 mm
Ly on ng c chiu di khong 150 mm.
Ct cc thanh mu theo cc cung c chia u phn b theo chu vi ca ng nh ch dn hnh
1.
Tr khi c qui nh khc, chia chu vi ca on ng thnh cc cung ty theo ng knh ca ng
nh qui nh trong bng 1. T thanh mu ct ra mt mu th.
 Hnh 1 - Chun b mu th
5.2.2 Chn mu th
5.2.2.1 Cch chn
Chn mu th ti trung tm ca thanh mu c ly theo chiu di ca ng bng cch ct bng
khun ct hoc bng my, ph hp vi thng tin lin quan n vt liu ng dng c qui nh
trong tiu chun cho sn phm thch hp.
5.2.2.2 Phng php lm mu bng khun ct
Dng khun ct (4.6) vi li ct sch, khng c g, vi tit din qui nh trong TCVN 7434 - 2:
2004 (ISO 6259 - 2: 1997) hoc TCVN 7434 - 3: 2004 (ISO 6259 - 3: 1997), ty theo tng trng
hp c th.
Ct mu th t thanh mu ca ng (xem 5.2.1).
5.2.2.3 Phng php lm mu bng my
Mu th c lm bng cch phay, nu cn, s dng g phay.
Hnh dng ca dao phay v iu kin gia cng (tc quay v di chuyn) ty thuc vo ngi
vn hnh my. Tuy nhin chng s phi c la chn sao cho khng lm nng hoc hy hoi
b mt mu nh lm rn nt, xc hoc gy ra cc khuyt tt khc c th nhn thy c.
CH THCH i vi qui trnh ct mu bng my, ngi s dng my cn tham kho ISO 2818.
5.2.2.4 Vch chun
Cc vch chun phi cch u nhau t im gia v khong cch gia cc vch c o vi
chnh xc n 1 % hoc nh hn.
Khng c co xc, t hoc n cc vch chun trn mu th bng bt k cch no c th
lm hng vt liu em th. Cn phi m bo rng dng c dng vch s khng c nhng tc
ng c hi ti vt liu th v trong trng hp c cc ng song song, chng phi cng hp
cng tt.
5.2.2.5 S lng mu th
Tin hnh th trn s lng cc mu th qui nh trong bng 1 ph hp vi chiu dy ng tr
khi c qui nh khc trong tiu chun lin quan.
6. iu ha mu th
6.1 Trc khi th, iu ha mu th nhit 23 0C 2 0C trong khong thi gian khng t hn
khong thi gian qui nh trong bng 1 ca TCVN 6149: 2003 (ISO 1167 : 1996), ph hp vi
chiu dy ca mu th.
Mu th khng c th trong khong thi gian 15 gi sau khi ng c sn xut ra, ngoi tr
trng hp cn th kim tra sn xut, tr khi c qui nh khc trong tiu chun lin quan.
6.2 Vic iu ha v th c tin hnh nhit 27 0C 2 0C (theo qui nh trong ISO 291),
nhng trong trng hp ny cc gi tr thu c phi iu chnh v 23 0C (nhit chun)
7. Tc th
Tc th ph thuc vo vt liu cu thnh v chiu dy thnh ng v c qui nh trong tiu
chun p dng cho sn phm hoc trong TCVN 7434 - 2: 2004 (ISO 6259 - 2: 1997) hoc TCVN
7434 - 3: 2004 (ISO 6259 3:1997)
8. Cch tin hnh
8.1 Thc hin qui trnh sau y nhit 23 0C 2 0C.
8.2 Tin hnh o chiu rng v chiu dy nh nht ca phn trung tm mu th gia cc vch
chun vi chnh xc 0,01 mm. Tnh ton din tch mt ct ngang nh nht.
8.3 t mu th vo my th b ko (4.1) bng cch sao cho trc ca mu th t nhiu trng
vi hng ca lc ko. Kp cc kp (4.2) u trnh mu th b trt.
8.4 Khi cn thit, t v iu chnh gin k (4.4) trn chiu di ca on lm vic (phn gia cc
vch chun) ca mu th.
8.5 iu chnh tc th n gi tr c qui nh v vn hnh my.
8.6 Ghi li ng cong ng sut bin dng cho n khi mu th b t v ghi trn ng cong
ny lc tc ng ti im khi t v chiu di ca on lm vic ti ch t hoc ghi trc tip gi
tr ca lc ti im khi t v chiu di ca on lm vic sau khi t.
Loi b tt c cc mu th b trt trn cc kp, nhng mu b nt trn mt trong cc vai, v
nhng mu b bin dng m do lm thay i chiu rng cc vai v tin hnh th li vi mt s
lng mu tng ng.
9. Biu th kt qu
9.1 ng sut khi t
i vi mi mu th, tnh ton ng sut ko trn c s din tch mt ct ngang ca mu th
theo cng thc sau:
F
=
A
trong
l ng sut ko khi t, tnh bng megapascan 1);
F l lc khi t, tnh bng Niuton;
A l din tch mt ct ngang ca mu th, tnh bng milimet vung.
Biu th kt qu n ba s khng sau du phy.
CH THCH Trn thc t, phi tnh ton ng sut khi t bng cch dng din tch mt ct
ngang ca mu th khi t, nhng thun tin, din tch mt ct ngang ban u s c s
dng.
9.2 gin di khi ko t
i vi mu th, tnh ton gin di khi ko t theo cng thc sau:

=
l l 0
x 100
l 0
trong
l gin di khi t, tnh bng phn trm;
l l chiu di ca on lm vic khi t, tnh bng milimet;
l0 l chiu di ca on lm vic ban u ca mu th, tnh bng milimet.
Biu th kt qu n ba s khng sau du phy.

1)
1MPa = 1 N/mm2
9.3 Cc thng s thng k
Nu c yu cu, lch chun v khong tin cy 95 % gi tr trung bnh c th c tnh ton
theo qui trnh cho trong ISO 2602.
9.4 Th li
Nu nhn c cc kt qu bt thng trn mt hoc nhiu cc mu th, lp li php th vi s
mu gp hai ln. V d, nu trong nm mu c th c hai mu cho kt qu bt thng, php
th s c lp li trn bn mu tip theo.
10. Bo co th nghim
Bo co th nghim phi bao gm nhng thng tin sau:
a) vin dn tiu chun ny;
b) mi chi tit cn thit nhn dng y v ng c th, k c v vt liu cu thnh, loi,
xut x, kch thc danh ngha v.v ;
c) loi mu th s dng v phng php chun b mu;
d) iu kin kh hu trong phng th nghim v phng php iu ha mu th;
e) s lng mu c th;
f) tc th;
g) ng sut khi t (tng kt qu ring l, gi tr trung bnh s hc v lch chun);
h) dn di khi ko t (tng kt qu ring l, gi tr trung bnh s hc v lch chun);
i) cc chi tit bt k khi thao tc khng c qui nh trong tiu chun ny cng nh bt k bin
c no c th gy nh hng n cc kt qu th v bt k nt c trng c bit no (nh cc
vt l) quan st c trn mu th hoc trn mt ct ngang ca ch t;
j) ngy th.

Ph lc A
(tham kho)
Th mc ti liu tham kho
[1] ISO 291: 1997, Plastics - Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing.
[2] ISO 527 - 1: 1993, Plastics - Determination of tensile properties - Part 1: General principles.
[3] ISO 527 - 2: 1993, Plastics - Determination of tensile properties - Part 2: Test conditions for
moulding and extrusion plastics.
[4] ISO 2818: 1994, Plastics - Preparation of test specimens by machining.
[5] TCVN 6144: 2003 (ISO 3127: 1994), ng nha nhit do - Xc nh bn va p bn ngoi
- Phng php vng tun hon.