Lab Session: 02

LATHE MACHINE OPERATIONS

For performing the various machining operations in a lathe, the job is being supported and driven
by anyone of the following methods.

1. Job is held and driven by chuck with the other end supported on the tail stock center.
2. Job is held between centers and driven by carriers and catch plates.
3. Job is held on a mandrel, which is supported between centers and driven by carriers and
catch plates.
4. Job is held and driven by a chuck or a faceplate or an angle plate.

FACING
Facing is the process of removing metal from the end of a work piece to produce a flat surface.
Facing is the machining of the end surfaces and shoulders of a work piece. In addition to squaring
the ends of the work, facing provides a way to cut work to length accurately. In facing large
surfaces, lock the carriage in position, since only cross feed is required to traverse the tool across
the work. With the compound rest set at 90 (parallel to the axis of the lathe), you can use the
micrometer collar to feed the tool to the proper depth of cut.

TURNING
Turning is a lathe operation in which the cutting tool removes metal from the outside diameter of
a work piece. Turning is used to reduce the diameter of the work piece, usually to a specified
dimension, and to produce a smooth finish on the metal.
TAPER TURNING
The taper turning is an operation of producing a conical surface by gradual reduction in the
diameter of a cylindrical work piece. Or it can also be defined as a taper is the gradual decrease in
the diameter of a piece of work toward one end. The amount of taper in any given length of work
is found by subtracting the size of the small end from the size of the large end. Taper is usually
expressed as the amount of taper per foot of length or taper per inch of length.

DRILLING
Drilling is the operation of producing a cylindrical hole in the work piece is used to remove
material from the inside of a work piece. This process utilizes standard drill bits held stationary in
the tail stock or tool turret of the lathe. The process can be done by separately available drilling
machines.