Aggari, Dultra, Durian, Leon

EM 10 - WFW

Magnetic Survey
1. Definition/Aim
- to investigate subsurface geology on the basis of the anomalies in the earth's magnetic
field resulting from the magnetic properties of the underlying rocks
- main magnetic mineral: Fe3O4 (magnetite)
2. Methods
2.1. Aerial - large-scale, low resolution
2.2. Ground - small-scale, high resolution
2.3. Shipborne - large-scale, low resolution; petroleum
3. Magnetic Targets
3.1. Induced
- when the Earths magnetic field interacts with the magnetic mineral in a rock
3.2. Remanent
- permanent; due to the orientation of the Earths magnetic field when the rock
cooled (below Curie point=550C)
4. Anomalies
4.1. Shape
- monopole: compact body; dipole: flat/sheet-like
body
4.2. Amplitude
- affected by susceptibility (intensity of the magnetic mineral to be induced),
permanent magnetization, distance of sensor from the body
5. False Anomalies
- variation of Earths magnetic field with time; due to the interaction of the outer layers of
the ionosphere with the solar wind
5.1. Diurnal Variation
- fluctuations that last for several hours
5.2. Micro-pulsations
- unpredictable short-term spikes; intensity: tens to hundreds nanoTesla
5.3. Magnetic Storms
- severe micro-pulsations that last for days

References:
Clark, Emerson, Hunt, et al. Magnetic Susceptibilities of Rocks and Minerals. n.p. 1991.
PDF file.
Kennedy, B. Surface Mining. 2nd edition. Baltimore, Maryland: Port City Press, Inc. 1990.
Books.google. Web. 10 Sept. 2015.
Mariita, N.O. The Magnetic Method. KenGen company ltd. 2007. PDF file.
SCINTREX Limited. Magnetic Applications Guide. 1-15. 1996. PDF file.