(

Urinalysis )




1. ( Screening test )
2.

3.

4.

5.

( Urinary system )






1. ( Kidneys ) 2
10 x 5.5





1 /
2. ( Ureters ) 2

3. ( Urinary bladder )

500
210-300


(urethra)
600-1600
/

4. ( Urethra )



.
95% 2.5 % 2.5%
100
()

()

1. Urea Nitrogen 682

2. Urea 1,459
3. Creatinin
36
Nitrogen

4. Creatinin 97
5. Uric acid
12.30
nitrogen
 6. Uric acid 36.90

7. Amino nitrogen 9.70

8. Ammonia nit 57

9. Sodium 212

10. Potassium 137

11. Calcium 19.50

12. Magnesium 11.30

13. Chloride 314

14. Total sulphate 91

15. Inorganic
83
sulphate
16. Inorganic
127
phosphate

1.
1.1 Amylase(diastase)
1.2 Lactic dyhydrogenate(LDH)
1.3 Leucine amino-peptdase(LAP)
1.4 Urokinase

 2.
2.1 Catecholamines
2.2 17-Catosteroids
2.3 Hydroxysteroids
2.4 Erytropoietine

2.5 Adenylate cyclase

cyclic AMP
2.6 Prostaglandin


3.


4.

5. (Melatonin)


: http://www.icphysics.com/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=77

 :
:

1.

2.
3.



4.


5.

1.
2.
3.

4.


5.

6.

1. (Physical
examination)

2. (Chemical examination)
-

3. (Microscopic
examination).


1.
(Physical
examination)

1.1 (Color) ( Yellow Clear)

-





(straw) 1.010
(pale yellow)
1.011 1.019
(amber) 1.020

1.2 (Turbidity) (clear)

amorphous

 (1+)

(4+)

1.3 (Specific Gravity) 1.003

1.030

2.
(Chemical
examination)

2.1 - (pH) 4.6 - 8.0

-

2.2 (Protein) (Negative)

Trace , 1+ , 2+ , 3+ 4+

2.3 (Glucose) (Negative)

6








Trace , 1+ , 2+ , 3+ 4+

2.4 (Ketone) (Negative)

2.5 (Occult blood) (Negative)

2.6 .(Bilirubin) (Negative)

bilirubin

2.7 (Urobilinogen) (Negative)

bilirubin urobilinogen
 urobilinogen
urobilinogen
hemolytic anaemia
urobilinogen
, hemolytic disease,

2.8 (Blood ) (Negative)

2.9 (Nitrite) (Negative)

1

2.10 (Leukocytes) (Negative)

3. (Microscopic
examination).

3.1 (Cells)
3.1.1
(Microorganism)

(Negative)
(Bacteria) Cocci , Bacilli
(Fungi) Yeast , Budding ,
Pseudo , Hyphae
 3.1.2 (Red Blood Cells)
(Negative)

3.1.3 (White Blood Cells)

(Negative)

1-2 Cell/ HDF


(Numerous)
 3.1.4
(Epithelial Cells)
(Negative)

3.2 (Casts) (Negative)

Hyaline casts

intrinsic prerenal CHF

Cellular casts intrinsic
Granular waxy casts acute tubular
necrosis
Broad casts

3.3 (Crystal) (Negative)

pH


Calcium Oxalate Urate
Crystal

Calcium Oxalate
3.4 (Amorphous) (Negative)

3.5 (Misellaneous) Mucous

Threads , Cylindroid , Fat Droplets


White Blood Cells (WBC, Negative
)
Red Blood Cells (RBC, Negative
)
Epithelial Cells (Epi, Negative
)
Glucose (GLU, Negative
)
Bilirubin (BIL, ) Negative
Ketones (KET, Negative
)
Specific Gravity (SG, 1.003
) 1.030
Blood (BLD, ) Negative
pH ( - ) 4.6 - 8.0
Protein (PRO, ) Negative
Urobilinogen(UBG, 0.3-1.0
) EU/dL
Nitrite (NIT, Negative
 )
Leukocytes (LEU, ) Negative
Color (COL, ) Yellow Clear

: www.cablephet.com www.bloggang.com ,
www.kkh.go.th/medicallab/urine.html ,
medinfo2.psu.ac.th/pathology/Education/MS/Index.htm ,
www.hic.co.th/Report_Health_UA1.htm
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