CHUYN 8 _ PIN IN HO

Cu 1:
1/ Cho biet cac gia tr the ien cc : E0Fe2+/Fe = -0,44V ; E 0Fe3+/Fe2+ =
0,77V
a) Xac nh E0 cua cap Fe 3+/ Fe
b) T ket qua thu cv hay chng minh rang khi cho sat kim loai
tacdung vi dung dch HCl 0,1M ch co the tao thanh Fe 2+ chu khong
the tao thanh Fe 3+.
2/ T cac d kien cua bang the ien cc chuan cua mot so
cap oxi hoa kh, chng minh rang cac kim loai co the ien cc am
ieu kien chuan ay c hidro ra khoi dung dch axit.
Cu 2:
Dung dch A gm FeSO 4 0,020 M; Fe2(SO4)3 v H2SO4.
a. Ly chnh xc 25,00 ml dung dch A, kh Fe 3+ thnh Fe2+; chun Fe2+ trong hn hp ( iu kin
thch hp) ht 15 ml K 2Cr2O7 0,02 M. Hy vit phng trnh ion ca phn ng chun . Tnh nng
M ca Fe2(SO4)3 trong dung dch A.
b.Tnh nng M ca H 2SO4 trong dung dch A, bit dung dch ny c pH = 1,00.
Cho pKa: HSO4- 1,99;
Fe3+ + H2O FeOH2+ + H+ pKa = 2,17;
Fe2+ + H2O FeOH+ + H+ pKa = 5,69.
Eo : Fe3+/ Fe2+ 0,771 V; Ag +/Ag 0,799 V; (RT/F)ln = 0,0592 lg.
Cu 3:
Mt pin c cu to bi 2 in cc: in cc th nht gm mt thanh ng nhng trong dung dch
Cu2+ c nng 10-2 M; in cc th 2 gm mt thanh ng nhng trong dung dch phc cht
[Cu(NH3)4]2+ c nng 10-2 M. Sc in ng ca pin 25 0C l 38 mV.
a.Tnh nng (mol.l -1) ca ion Cu2+ trong dung dch in cc m.
0
b.Tnh hng s bn ca phc cht. Bit : ECu 2 / Cu = 0,34 V.
Cu 4:
a. Ion MnO4(-) oxi ha c Cl(-) v Br(-) (trong mi trng axit). Tnh hng s cn bng ca cc phn
ng . (1,5 )
b. C th iu chnh pH MnO 4(-) ch oxi ha mt trong hai ion. Gii thch ti sao?
Cho: E MnO4 / Mn2 1,51V;ECl2 / 2Cl( ) 1,36V;E Br2 / 2Br( ) 1,065V
0 0 0

c. Vit y phng trnh phn ng sau y v tin hnh cn bng bng phng php ion electron :
MnO(OH)2 + PbO2 + H(+) + NO3(-) H(+) + MnO4(-) + Pb2+ + H2O
Cu 5:
So snh kh nng ha tan ca CuS trong dung dch HCl v trong dung dch hn hp HCl, H 2O2
Cho TtCuS = 1.10-35
Eo H2O2/H2O = 1,77(v)
Eo S/H2S = 0,14(v)
H2S c Ka1 =1.10-7 ; Ka2 =1.10-13
Cu 6:
Mot dung dch cha CuSO 4 0,1M ; NaCl 0,2M ; Cu d va CuCl d.
a) Chng minh rang xay ra phan ng sau 25 oC :
Cu + Cu2+ + 2Cl- 2 CuCl
Biet rang Tt CuCl = 10 -7 va the kh chuan 25 oC cua Cu2+/Cu+ va Cu+/Cu
lan lt la 0,15V va 0,52V.
b) Tnh hang so can bang cua phan ng tren va nong o cua cac
ion Cu2+ va Cl- khi can bang.
Cu 7:
Lap 1 pin bang cach noi ien cc hydro chuan vi mot na pin bi 1
day ong nhung vao 40ml ddCuSO 4 0,01M co them 10ml ddNH 3 0,5M.
Chap nhan rang ch tao phc Cu(NH 3 ) 4 2+ vi nong o NH 4 + la khong
ang ke so vi nong o NH 3.

1
 a. Xac nh E Cu 2+ /Cu .
b. Tnh E o Cu(NH 3 ) 4 2+ /Cu .
Biet E o Cu 2+ /Cu = 0,34v; Cu(NH3 ) 4 2+ /Cu
lg Cu(NH 3 ) 4 2+ =13,2 va ECu 2+ /Cu=ECu(NH 3 ) 4 2+ /Cu
Cu 8:
Trn hai th tch bng nhau ca hai dung dch SnCl 2 0,100 M v FeCl 3 0,100 M. Xc nh nng
cc ion thic v ion st khi cn bng 25 0C. Tnh th ca cc cp oxi ha kh khi cn bng.
o
Biet ESn4+ = 0, 15 V ; Eo o
Fe 3+ = 0, 77 V ; E = 0,80 V
Sn 2+ Ag+
Fe 2 +
Ag
Cu 9:
Khi nhng mt si Ag vo dung dch Fe 2(SO4)3 2,5.10-2 M. Xc nh nng ca Fe 3+, Fe2+ v Ag+ khi
cn bng 250C.
o
Biet ESn4+ = 0, 15 V ; Eo o
Fe 3+ = 0, 77 V ; E = 0,80 V
Sn2+ Ag +
Fe 2 +
Ag
Cu 10:
1. Ion MnO4(-) oxi ha c Cl(-) v Br(-) (trong mi trng axit). Tnh hng s cn bng ca cc phn
ng .
2. C th iu chnh pH MnO 4(-) ch oxi ha mt trong hai ion. Gii thch ti sao?
Cho: E MnO4 / Mn2 1,51V;E Cl2 / 2Cl( ) 1,36V;E Br2 / 2Br( ) 1,065V
0 0 0

3. Vit y phng trnh phn ng sau y v tin hnh cn bng bng phng php ion electron :
MnO(OH)2 + PbO2 + H(+) + NO3(-) H(+) + MnO4(-) + Pb2+ + H2O (1 )
Cu 11:
Hay cho biet p nao xay ra trong cac trng hp sau:
FeCl3 + NaCl FeCl3 + NaBr FeCl3 + NaI
Biet ECl / 2Cl 1,359V E Br / 2Br 1,065V E I / 2I 0,536V
o o o
2 2 2

E o
Fe3 / Fe2
0,77V
Cu 12:
Cho gin th kh chun ca Mn trong mi trng axit:
+2,27V
MnO 4
- ?
2-4
MnO MnO 2 +0,95V Mn 3+ ?
Mn 2+

+1,70V +1,23V

- 2-
a) Tnh th kh chun ca cp: MnO 4 /MnO 4 v Mn 3 /Mn 2
b) Hy cho bit cc tiu phn no khng bn v b d phn. Hy tnh hng s cn bng ca cc phn
ng d phn .
Cu 13:
Dung dch X gm K2Cr2O7 0,010 M; KMnO 4 0,010 M; Fe 2(SO4)3 0,0050 M v H 2SO4 (pH ca dung
dch bng 0). Thm dung dch KI vo dung dch X cho n nng ca KI l 0,50 M, c dung dch
Y (coi th tch khng thay i khi thm KI vo dung dch X).
a) Hy m t cc qu trnh xy ra v cho bit thnh phn ca dung dch Y.
b) Tnh th ca in cc platin nhng trong dung dch Y.
c) Cho bit kh nng phn ng ca Cu 2+ vi I- (d) iu kin tiu chun. Gii thch.
0 0 0 0
Cho: E Cr O 2 /Cr 3+ = 1,330 V; E MnO /Mn 2+ = 1,510 V; E Fe3+ /Fe 2+ = 0,771 V; E I /I = 0,5355 V
2 7 4 3

0
E 2+ = 0,153 V; pKs(CuS) = 12.
Cu /Cu

Cu 14:
Fe2+ + Ag + Fe 3+ + Ag
E0Ag+/Ag = 0,80V ; E0Fe3+/Fe2+ = 0,77V
2
1/ Xc nh chiu ca phn ng trong iu kin chun v tnh hng s cn bng ca phn ng 298K
2/ Xc nh chiu ca phn ng xy ra trong dung dch Fe 3+ 0,1M ; Fe2+ 0,01M v Ag+ 0,001M khi cho bt
Ag vo dung dch trn ?
Cu 15:
C th ha tan hon ton 100mg kim loi bc trong 100 ml dung dch amoniac 0,1M khi tip xc vi
khng kh c khng ? Cho bit M Ag = 107,88 ; Kb (NH3) = 1,74.10-5
Cc hng s bn ca phc [Ag(NH 3)i]+ tng ng l : lg 1 = 3,32 v lg2 = 6,23
Cc th kh (th oxi ha kh) chun 25 0C : E0(Ag+/Ag) = 0,799V ; E0(O2/OH-) = 0,401V
p sut ring phn ca oxi trong khng kh l 0,2095 atm
Phn ng thc hin 25 0C
Cu 16:
1/ Chng minh CuS c th tan trong dung dch HCl c ha tan H 2O2. Bit TCuS = 10-35 ; Ka1(H2S) = 10-7 ;
Ka2(H2S) = 10-13. E01(H2O2/H2O) = 1,77V ; E 02(S/H2S) = 0,14V

2/ Hy gii tch v sao Ag d dng tan trong dung dch c cha amoniac, amoniclorua khi c mt oxi khng
kh ?
E0Ag+/Ag = 0,8V ; E0O2/H2O = 1,23V ; K a(NH4+) = 10-9,24 ; Hng s bn [Ag(NH 3)2]+ = 107,2

Cu 17:
a/ Th kh chun ca cp Cu 2+ /Cu = 0,34V. Nhng mt si dy Cu vo dung dch CuSO 4 0,01M. Tnh th
in cc ca Cu 2+ /Cu trong iu kin trn
b/ Ha tan 0,1 mol amoniac vo 100 ml dung dch trn (th tch thay i khng ng k) ; chp nhn ch
xy ra phn ng : Cu 2+ + 4NH 3 [Cu(NH 3)4]2+
Th in cc o c gim i 0,361V. Xc nh hng s bn ca phc [Cu(NH 3)4]2+

Cu 18:
250C c 1 pin in ha gm 2 in cc : in cc catot kim loi Ag nhng vo dung dch AgNO 3
0,02M ; in cc anot l kim loi Cu nhng vo dung dch Cu(NO 3)2 0,02M. Bit cc in cc ni vi
nhau bng cu mui bo ha KNO 3 trong aga aga.
a/ Tnh sc in ng ca pin in ha . Bit E 0Ag+/Ag = 0,8V ; E0Cu2+/Cu = 0,34V
b/ Khi ni hai in cc bng 1 dy dn qua in k th kim in k ch chiu dng in nh th no ?
Khi kim in k ch v vch s 0 tc l dng in trong mch b ngt th nng Ag +, Cu2+ trong mi
in cc l bao nhiu ?

Cu 19:
Xt kh nng phn ng ca bc vi HCl v HI. Cho E 0Ag+/Ag = 0,799V
Tch s tan : TAgCl = 10-10 ; TAgI = 10-16
Cu 20:
CM = 1M v 25OC, th in cc chun E O ca mt s cp oxi ha kh c cho nh sau :
2IO4-/ I2 (r) = 1,31V ; 2IO3-/ I2 (r) = 1,19V ;
2HIO/ I2 (r) = 1,45V; I2 (r)/ 2I- = 0,54V
a/ Vit phng trnh bn phn ng oxi ha kh ca cc cp cho.
b/ Tnh EO ca cc cp IO 4-/ IO3- v IO3-/ HIO

Cu 21:
298K cho dng in 1 chiu c cng 0,5A qua bnh in phn cha 2 in cc platin nhng
trong 200ml dung dch gm Cu(NO 3)2 0,02M, Co(NO3)2 1M , HNO3 0,1M
a/ Vit cc bn phn ng c th xy ra trn catot v anot trong qu trnh in phn
b/ Khi 10% lng ion kim loi u tin b in phn, ngi ta ngt mch in v ni on mch hai
cc ca bnh in phn. Hy cho bit hin tng xy ra v vit phng trnh phn ng minh ha.
c/ Xc nh khong th ca ngun in ngoi t vo catoto c th in phn hon ton ion th

3
nht trn catot (coi qu trnh in phn l hon ton khi nng ca ion b in phn cn li trong
dung dch l 0,005% so vi nng ban u)
d/ Tnh th tch kh thot ra (ktc) trn anot sau khi in phn c 25 pht. Khi , gi tr th catot
l bao nhiu ?
Chp nhn : p sut ring phn ca kh hidro l 1 atm ; khi tnh ton khng k n qu th ; nhit
dung dch khng thay i trong qu trnh in phn.
Cho : E0Cu2+/Cu = 0,337V ; E0Co2+/Co = -0,227. Hng s Faraay F = 96500 C.mol -1
298K th 2,303(RT/F) = 0,0592

Cu 22:
Tnh tan ca AgI trong dung dch Fe 2(SO4)3 0,05M trong mi trng H 2SO4.
Cho E0 I- / I2 = 0,54 v
E0 Fe3+ / Fe2+ = 0,77 v
T AgI = 10 -16
Cu 23: Cho th in cc chun hai cp oxi ha- kh sau : E 0Fe2+/ Fe= - 0,44V; E0Cd2+/Cd = - 0,40V.
a. Phn ng ha hc s xy ra theo chiu no iu kin chun gia 2 cp oxi ha - kh ? Vit
phng trnh ion rt gn.
b. Tm sut in ng chun ca pin to bi hai cp oxi ha- kh trn.
c. Tnh hng s cn bng ca phn ng . Da vo hng s cn bng, hy cho nhn xt v nng
Fe2+ so vi nng Cd2+ khi cn bng.
Cu 24:
Lap 1 pin bang cach noi ien cc hydro chuan vi mot na pin bi 1
day ong nhung vao 40ml ddCuSO 4 0,01M co them 10ml ddNH 3 0,5M.
Chap nhan rang ch tao phc Cu(NH 3 ) 4 2+ vi nong o NH 4 + la khong
ang ke so vi nong o NH 3.
c. Xac nh E Cu 2+ /Cu .
d. Tnh E o Cu(NH 3 ) 4 2+ /Cu .
Biet E o Cu 2+ /Cu = 0,34v; Cu(NH3 ) 4 2+ /Cu
lg Cu(NH 3 ) 4 2+ =13,2 va ECu 2+ /Cu=ECu(NH 3 ) 4 2+ /Cu
Cu 25:
a. xc nh hng s in li ca axit axtic ngi ta thit lp mt pin gm hai in cc:
in cc 1 l in cc hidr tiu chun
in cc 2 l dy Pt nhng vo dung dch axit axtic 0,01M.
b. Thit lp s pin v vit cc bn phn ng xy ra trn b mt mi in cc khi pin hot ng.
IV.2.2 Sc in ng ca pin o c 25 0C l 0,1998 V. Tnh hng s in li ca axit axtic.
RT
Cho: ln 0,0592lg , P H2 = 1atm.
nF
Cu 26:
1. Trn hai th tch bng nhau ca hai dung dch SnCl 2 0,100 M v FeCl3 0,100 M. Xc nh nng
cc ion thic v ion st khi cn bng 25 0C. Tnh th ca cc cp oxi ha kh khi cn bng.
2. Khi nhng mt si Ag vo dung dch Fe 2(SO4)3 2,5.10-2 M. Xc nh nng ca Fe 3+, Fe2+ v Ag+
khi cn bng 25 0C.
o
Biet ESn4+ = 0, 15 V ; Eo o
Sn2+ Fe 3+ = 0, 77 V ; EAg+ = 0,80 V
Fe 2 + Ag
Cu 27:
Mt pin c cu to bi 2 in cc: in cc th nht gm mt thanh ng nhng trong dung dch
Cu2+ c nng 10-2 M; in cc th 2 gm mt thanh ng nhng trong dung dch phc cht
[Cu(NH3)4]2+ c nng 10-2 M. Sc in ng ca pin 25 0C l 38 mV.
1.Tnh nng (mol.l -1) ca ion Cu2+ trong dung dch in cc m.
0
2. Tnh hng s bn ca phc cht. Bit : ECu 2 / Cu = 0,34 V.
Cu 28:
4
Nu mun thc hin cc qu trnh sau y:
2
a. Sn 2 Sn 4 b. Cu Cu 2 c. Mn MnO 4 d. Fe 2 Fe3
Chng ta c th dng nc brom c khng? Bit:
; E MnO4 / Mn 2 1,51v
0
E 0 Fe3 / Fe2 0, 77v ; E 0CU2 / Cu 0,34v
E 0Sn 4 / Sn 2 0,15v
; E 0 Br / 2Br 1, 07v
2

Vit phng trnh phn ng nu xy ra v tnh hng s cn bng ca phn ng xy ra.

Cu 29:
Ngi ta lp 1 pin gm 2 na pin sau:
Zn / Zn ( NO3 )2 (0,1M) v Ag / Ag NO3 (0,1M) c th chun tng ng bng -0,76v v 0,80v
a. Thit lp s pin v cc du 2 in cc
b. Vit phng trnh phn ng khi pin lm vic
c. Tnh E ca pin
d. Tnh cc nng khi pin khng c kh nng pht in (pin dng ht)
Cu 30:
Tnh sc in ng ca pin :
Pt H2 HCl 0,02 M AgCl / Ag
P = 1 atm CH3COONa 0,04 M

Cho E0 AgCl / Ag = 0,222 v K CH3COOH = 1,8. 10-5

Cu 31:
1. Cho bit: cc cp oxi-ha kh Cu 2+/Cu, I 3 /3I v Cu+/Cu c th kh chun ln lt l E 10 = 0,34v
0
v E 02 = 0,55v; E 3 = 0,52v v tch s ha tan ca CuI l K S= 10 12
2. Thit lp s pin sao cho khi pin hot ng xy ra phn ng:
2Cu2+ + 5I- D 2CuI + I 3
3. Tnh sut in ng ca pin.
Cu 32:
Hay cho biet p nao xay ra trong cac trng hp sau:
FeCl3 + NaCl FeCl3 + NaBr FeCl3 + NaI
Biet ECl2 / 2Cl 1,359V E Br2 / 2Br 1,065V E I / 2I 0,536V
o o o
2
EoFe3 / Fe2 0,77V
Cu 33:
o
Tnh E AgCl / Ag va hang so can bang cua p sau:
2AgCl + Cu 2Ag + Cu2+ + 2 Cl
Biet E Ag / Ag 0,799V
o
EoCu2 / Cu 0,337V TAgCl 1010
Cu 34:
Cho ECu2 / Cu 0,345V ; E Zn2 / Zn 0,76V.
o o

a. Hay viet s o pin c dung e xac nh the ien cc tieu

chuan cua cac cap tren . Ch ro cc dng,cc am.Cho biet p
thc te xay ra trong pin khi pin hoat ong .
b. 25oC,tien hanh thiet lap 1 he ghep noi gia thanh Zn
nhung vao dd ZnCl 2 0,01M vi thanh Cu nhung vao dd CuCl 2 0,001M
thu c mot pin ien hoa.
-Viet k hieu cua pin va p xay ra khi pin lam viec.
-Tnh Epin.
Cu 35:
Cho gin th kh chun Mn trong mi trng axit
2
MnO4 0,56 V MnO4 ? MnO2

a. Tnh th kh chun ca cc cp MnO 42-/MnO2

b. Hy cho bit phn ng sau c th xy ra c khng ? ti sao ?
3MnO42- + 4H + = 2MnO-4 + MnO2 + 2H2O
Tnh hng s cn bng ca phn ng trn.
5
Cu 36:
nghin cu cn bng sau 25 0C
Cu( r) + 2Fe3+ (dd) Cu2+ (dd) + 2Fe2+ (dd)
ngi ta chun b dung dch CuSO 4 0,5M ; FeSO4 0,025M
a. Cho bit chiu ca phn ng
b. Tnh hng s cn bng phn ng

Fe3

c. T l

Fe 2
c gi tr bao nhiu phn ng i chiu.

E0 Cu2+ /Cu = 0,34V

E0 Fe2+ / Fe = 0,77V
Cu 37:
Cho E0Cr2O72-/2Cr3+ = 1,36V
a. Xt chiu ca phn ng ti pH=0, vit phng trnh phn ng di dng ion v phn t.
b. Cn bng phn ng theo phng php ion-electron
Cu 38:
Cho phn ng : Cu(r) + CuCl 2(dd) 2 CuCl(r)
1. 25 0C phn ng xy ra theo chiu no, nu ngi ta trn mt dung dch cha CuSO 4 0,2M;
NaCl 0,4M vi bt Cu ly d ?
Cho T CuCl = 10-7 , E 0 Cu 2 / Cu 0,15V ; E 0 Cu 2 / Cu 0,335V
2. Tnh hng s cn bng K ca phn ng trn 25 0C.
Cu 39:
A l dung dch hn hp CuSO 4 0,1 M v H2SO4 0,05 M.
Tin hnh in phn dung dch A vi anot tr v catot bng Cu. Tng t t hiu in th 2 cc ca
bnh in phn.
Tnh hiu in th ti thiu phi t vo 2 cc ca bnh in phn cho qu trnh in phn xy ra
(gi s HSO4- in li hon ton, khng xt s to thnh H 2O2 v H2S2O8).
Cho bit: Eo(4H+, O2 / 2H2O) = 1,23 V; Eo(Cu2+/Cu) = + 0,34 V
Cu 40:
Cho pin:
2
H2(Pt), p H 2 = 1 atm H 1M MnO 4 1M, Mn 1M, H 1M Pt
Bit rng s ca pin 25 oC l 1,5V.
o
1. Hy cho bit phn ng quy c, phn ng thc t xy ra trong pin v xc nh E MnO
/ Mn 2 .
4

2. Sc in ng ca pin thay i ra sao (xt nh hng nh tnh), nu:

-Thm t NaHCO 3 vo na tri ca pin?
-Thm t FeSO4 vo na phi ca pin?
-Thm t CH3COONa vo na phi ca pin?
Cu 41:
Mot pin ien gom ien cc la mot si day bac nhung vao dung dch
AgNO3 va ien cc kia la mot si day platin nhung vao dung dch muoi
Fe2 va Fe3 .
a) Viet phng trnh phan ng khi pin hoat ong.
b) Tnh sc ien ong cua pin ieu kien chuan.
2 3
c) Neu Ag = 0,1M va Fe = Fe = 1M th phan ng trong pin xay ra
nh the nao?
d) Hay rut ra nhan xet ve anh hng cua nong o chat tan en ga
tr cua the ien cc va chieu hng cua phan ng xay ra trong pin.
0
Biet : EAg / Ag = 0,8V ; E0
Fe2 / Fe
= 0,77V ; E0
Fe2 / Fe
= - 0,44V .

6
 P N CHUYN 8 _ PIN IN HO
Cu 1:
1/ Cho biet cac gia tr the ien cc : E0Fe2+/Fe = -0,44V ; E 0Fe3+/Fe2+ =
0,77V
a) Xac nh E0 cua cap Fe 3+/ Fe
b) T ket qua thu cv hay chng minh rang khi cho sat kim loai
tacdung vi dung dch HCl 0,1M ch co the tao thanh Fe 2+ chu khong
the tao thanh Fe 3+.
2/ T cac d kien cua bang the ien cc chuan cua mot so
cap oxi hoa kh, chng minh rang cac kim loai co the ien cc am
ieu kien chuan ay c hidro ra khoi dung dch axit.
A:
1/ a) Fe2 + 2e = Fe (1) G10 =-n1E10F =-2.(-0,44).F
Fe3 + 1e = Fe2+ (2) G2
0 0
=-n2E2F =-1.(0,77).F
Fe3 + 3e = Fe 0
(3) G3 =G10 +G2
0

0
G3 =-n3E30F =-3E3
0
F = -2. -0,44 1. 0, 77 .F
0 2 0, 44 0, 77
E3 0, 036 V
3
1
b) Trong dung dch HCl 0,1M H 10 (mol/l)
0
E2H / H E2H 0, 059lg H 0, 059 V
2

/ H2
E0
Fe2 / Fe
0
E2H
/ H2
0
EFe3
/ Fe2
H+ ch oxi hoa Fe thanh Fe 2+ .
2/ Phan ng :
n
M + nH+ = M n+ +
H2 (1)
2
Nh vay co cac ban phng trnh phan ng :
0
2H+ + 2e = H2 (2) E2H
/H
=0V
2

Mn+ + ne = M (3) E0
M n / M
n
e c phan ng (1) phng trnh (2) nhan vi roi tr i
2
phng trnh (3). Khi o G cua phan ng se la :
n n 0
G = G(2) - G(3) = - .2F. E2H / H - ( -n.F. E0
M n / M
)
2 2 2

0
= -nF( E2H / H - E 0
M n / M
)
2

e chi phan ng xay ra th G < 0. Vay :

0 0
E2H
/ H2 - E M n / M > 0

7
 0
V E2H / H =0V E0
M n / M
<0.
2

Cu 2:
Dung dch A gm FeSO 4 0,020 M; Fe2(SO4)3 v H2SO4.
a. Ly chnh xc 25,00 ml dung dch A, kh Fe 3+ thnh Fe2+; chun Fe2+ trong hn hp ( iu kin
thch hp) ht 15 ml K 2Cr2O7 0,02 M. Hy vit phng trnh ion ca phn ng chun . Tnh nng
M ca Fe2(SO4)3 trong dung dch A.
b.Tnh nng M ca H 2SO4 trong dung dch A, bit dung dch ny c pH = 1,00.
Cho pKa: HSO4- 1,99;
Fe3+ + H2O FeOH2+ + H+ pKa = 2,17;
Fe2+ + H2O FeOH+ + H+ pKa = 5,69.
Eo : Fe3+/ Fe2+ 0,771 V; Ag +/Ag 0,799 V; (RT/F)ln = 0,0592 lg.
A:
2
a) Phn ng chun : Cr 2O 7 + 6 Fe2+ + 14 H+ 2 Cr3+ + 6 Fe3+ + 7 H2O
3.10 -4mol 18.10-4mol 18.10 -4mol
nFeSO 4 (ban u) = 5.10-4 mol
18.104 5.104
CFe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 = 0,026 M
2 x 0,025

b) Trong dd A c: Fe2+ 0,020 M; Fe3+ 0,052M; H+ (C, M); HSO 4 (C, M); cc cn bng:
2 H2O H3O+ + OH- Kw = 10-14 (1)
Fe 2+ + 2 H2O FeOH+ + H3O+ Ka1 = 10-5,96 (2)
Fe 3+ + 2 H2O FeOH2+ + H3O+ Ka2 = 10-2,17 (3)
2
HSO 4 + H2O SO 4 + H3O+ Ka = 10-1,99 (4).
So snh ta thy (3) v (4) l ch yu v tng ng nhau. p dng /lut bo ton proton, ta c [H3O+] =
2
CH + [FeOH2+] + [SO 4 ] (a)
3
T (3) c [FeOH ] / [Fe ] = Ka2 / [H3O ] [FeOH ] / CFe = Ka2 / Ka2 + [H3O+]
2+ 3+ + 2+

3
= 10-2,17 / (10-2,17 + 10-1,07) [FeOH2+] = 0,0736 CFe = 0,0736 . 0,052 = 3,8272.10 -3M
2
T/ t, t (4) c [SO 4 ] / [HSO 4 ] = Ka / [H3O+] [SO
2 2
4 ]/C HSO 4 = 10-1,99/ (10-1,99 + 10-1,07) [SO 4 ] = 0,107 C;
3
P/ trnh (a) tr thnh [H 3O+] = C + 0,0736 CFe + 0,107 C (b).
1 3
10 3.8272 x10
T (b) CH 2 SO 4 = C = 1 0,1 = 0,08743M CH 2 SO 4 = C = 0,08743 M.
Cu 3:
Mt pin c cu to bi 2 in cc: in cc th nht gm mt thanh ng nhng trong dung dch
Cu2+ c nng 10-2 M; in cc th 2 gm mt thanh ng nhng trong dung dch phc cht
[Cu(NH3)4]2+ c nng 10-2 M. Sc in ng ca pin 25 0C l 38 mV.
a.Tnh nng (mol.l -1) ca ion Cu2+ trong dung dch in cc m.
0
b.Tnh hng s bn ca phc cht. Bit : ECu 2 / Cu = 0,34 V.
S:
a. in cc Cu nhng trong dung dch phc cht [Cu(NH 3)4]2+:
0 0,059
ECu 2 / Cu = ECu 2
/ Cu + lg[Cu2+]
2
M [Cu2+] t do trong dung dch ny thp hn so vi in cc Cu 2+/Cu cn li, nn in cc
Cu nhng trong dung dch phc cht [Cu(NH 3)4]2+ c in th < in cc cn li v ng vai
tr cc m.
Ta c pin : (-) Cu [Cu(NH3)4]2+ 10-2M Cu2+ 10-2M Cu (+)
Sc in ng ca pin :
0,059 10 2
E = ECu 2 / Cu (+) - ECu 2 / Cu (-) = 0,038 = lg
2 [Cu 2 ]( )
lg[Cu2+](-) = -3,288

8
 Vy [Cu2+] trn in cc m = 5,15 10-4M
b.
V : [Cu(NH3)4]2+ Cu2+ + 4NH 3
-2 -4
[ ] 10 M 5,15 10 M 45,1510-4M
2
[Cu ( NH 3 ) 4 ] 10 2 5,15 10 4
Kb 2
4 4 4
1,023 1012
[Cu ][ NH 3 ] 4
5,15 10 (4 5,15 10 )
Cu 4:
a. Ion MnO4(-) oxi ha c Cl(-) v Br(-) (trong mi trng axit). Tnh hng s cn bng ca cc phn
ng . (1,5 )
b. C th iu chnh pH MnO 4(-) ch oxi ha mt trong hai ion. Gii thch ti sao?
Cho: E MnO / Mn2 1,51V;E Cl / 2Cl( ) 1,36V;E Br / 2Br( ) 1,065V
0 0 0
4 2 2

c. Vit y phng trnh phn ng sau y v tin hnh cn bng bng phng php ion electron :
MnO(OH)2 + PbO2 + H(+) + NO3(-) H(+) + MnO4(-) + Pb2+ + H2O
a.
Trng hp MnO 4- oxi ha Cl(-):
bn phi: MnO4(-) + 8H(+) + 5e Mn2+ + 4H2O x2
bn tri: 2Cl (-)
Cl2 + 2e
x5

2MnO4(-) + 10Cl(-) + 16H(+) 2Mn2+ + 5Cl2 + 8H2O

Sc in ng chun ca t bo in ha: E pin E phai Etrai 1,51 1,36 0,15V
0 0 0

10x0,15
Hng s cn bng ca phn ng: K 10 0,059 1025,42 ;
K rt ln phn ng xy ra hon ton iu kin chun.
Trng hp MnO 4- oxi ha Cl(-):
bn phi: MnO4(-) + 8H(+) + 5e Mn2+ + 4H2O x2
bn tri: 2Br (-) Br2 + 2e x5

2MnO4(-) + 10Br(-) + 16H(+) 2Mn2+ + 5Br2 + 8H2O

Sc in ng chun ca t bo in ha: E pin E phai E trai 1,51 1,065 0,445V
0 0 0

10x0,445
Hng s cn bng ca phn ng: K 10 0,059 1075,42
K rt ln phn ng xy ra hon ton iu kin chun.
b. MnO4(-) + 8H(+) + 5e Mn2+ + 4H2O
0,059 [MnO4 ][H ]8
( )
E MnO( ) / Mn2 E MnO( ) / Mn2
0
lg
4 4
5 [Mn2 ]
0,059 0,059 [MnO(4 ) ]
hay E MnO( ) / Mn2 E MnO
0
( ) 2 lg[H ]8
lg
4 4 / Mn
5 5 [Mn2 ]
E MnO( ) / Mn2 E MnO
0
( )
/ Mn2
0,0944pH
4 4

Gi thit nng cc cht bng 1M v p sut cc kh bng 1 atm v [H +] 1M.

oxi ha Br(-) m khng oxi ha Cl (-) ta phi c iu kin:
E 0Br / 2Br( ) < E MnO( ) / Mn2 E MnO
0
( ) 2 0,0944pH < E
0
Cl2 / 2Cl( )
2 4 4 / Mn

Hay 1,065 < 1,51 0,0944pH < 1,36

1,6 < pH < 4,71
Nh vy cn iu chnh pH trong khong ta c th ch oxi ha Br (-) m khng oxi ha Cl-.
c. MnO(OH)2 + PbO2 + H(+) + NO3(-) H(+) + MnO4(-) + Pb2+ + H2O
c.kh c.oxh
3 x PbO2 + 4H(+) + 2e Pb2+ + 2H2O (s kh)
2 x MnO(OH)2 + H2O MnO4 + 4H + 3e (s oxi ha)
(-) (+)

9
 2MnO(OH) 2 + 3PbO2 + 4H(+) 3Pb2+ + 2MnO4(-) + 4H2O
2MnO(OH) 2 + 3PbO2 + 6HNO3 3Pb(NO3)2 + 2HMnO4 + 4H2O
Cu 5:
So snh kh nng ha tan ca CuS trong dung dch HCl v trong dung dch hn hp HCl, H 2O2
Cho TtCuS = 1.10-35
Eo H2O2/H2O = 1,77(v)
Eo S/H2S = 0,14(v)
H2S c Ka1 =1.10-7 ; Ka2 =1.10-13
Kh nng ha tan ca CuS
- Trong d2 HCl
Ta c CuS Cu2+ + S2- TtCuS
2- + -
S + H HS 1/ Ka2
HS- + H+ H2S 1/ Ka1
+ 2+
=> (*) CuS + 2H Cu + H2S K= Tt/ (Ka1.Ka2 ) = 10-15
- Trong d2 HCl + H2O2 :
Ta c H2S - 2e S + 2H+
H2O2 + 2H+ + 2e 2H2O
=> (**) H2S +H2O2 S + 2H2O K1 = 102.(1,77-0,14)/0,059 = 1055,25
T hp (*), (**), ta c
CuS + H2O2 + 2H+ Cu2+ + S + 2H2O K' =K.K1 =1040,25
Nhn thy K' >> K nn CuS tan trong d 2 HCl + H2O2 d dng hn trong d 2 HCl
Cu 6:
Mot dung dch cha CuSO 4 0,1M ; NaCl 0,2M ; Cu d va CuCl d.
a) Chng minh rang xay ra phan ng sau 25 oC :
Cu + Cu2+ + 2Cl- 2 CuCl
Biet rang Tt CuCl = 10 -7 va the kh chuan 25 oC cua Cu2+/Cu+ va Cu+/Cu
lan lt la 0,15V va 0,52V.
b) Tnh hang so can bang cua phan ng tren va nong o cua cac
ion Cu2+ va Cl- khi can bang.
S a) 2 im Cu + Cu2+ + 2Cl- = 2 CuCl
0,1M 0,2M
Cu2+ + e Cu+ Cu2+/ Cu
+
= 0 Cu
2+
/ Cu
+
+ 0,059 . lg Cu 2+/Cu+
[Cu+ ] = Tt/Cl - = 5.10 -7 M (0,25 im)
Cu2+ / Cu
+
= 0,15 + 0,059 . lg 0,1/(5.10 -7 ) = 0,463 V
Cu+ + e = Cu
+
Cu / Cu = 0 +
Cu / Cu + 0,059 . lg[ Cu + ]
+
Cu / Cu = 0,52 + 0,059 lg 5.10 -7 = 0,148 V
V Cu2+/ Cu+ = 0,463 V > +
Cu / Cu = 0.148 V
nen phan ng xay ra theo chieu thuan.
b). Tnh K : ( 2 im )
Cu + Cu2+ + 2Cl- 2CuCl
K1 K2
-

K = K1.K2
lg K1 = 10nE0/0,059=101(0,15-0,52)/ 0,059

10
 K1 = 5,35.10 -7
K2 = (Tt)-2 = 1014

K = 5,35.10 -7 . 1014 = 5,35.107

Cu 7:
Lap 1 pin bang cach noi ien cc hydro chuan vi mot na pin bi 1
day ong nhung vao 40ml ddCuSO 4 0,01M co them 10ml ddNH 3 0,5M.
Chap nhan rang ch tao phc Cu(NH 3 ) 4 2+ vi nong o NH 4 + la khong
ang ke so vi nong o NH 3.
e. Xac nh E Cu 2+ /Cu .
f. Tnh E o Cu(NH 3 ) 4 2+ /Cu .
Biet E o Cu 2+ /Cu = 0,34v; Cu(NH3 ) 4 2+ /Cu
lg Cu(NH 3 ) 4 2+ =13,2 va ECu 2+ /Cu=ECu(NH 3 ) 4 2+ /Cu
2
S Cu 0,8.10
2+

NH3 0,1
a/ Cu 2+ +2e Cu E o =0,34(v)
0,059
o
E Cu 2+ /Cu =E Cu 2+
/Cu
+ lg Cu 2+ (1)
2

Cu 2+ +4NH 3 2+
Cu(NH 3 )=10
4
13,2

b 0,8.102 0,1 0
p 0,8.102 3, 2.102 0,8.102
cb 0 6,8.102 0,8.10 2

Cu 2+
=
Cu(NH 3 )4
2+
=
0,8.102
=2,4.1011
NH3 . (0,068) .10
4 4 13,2

0,059
(1) E Cu 2+ /Cu =0,34+ lg2,4.1011 =0,02(v)
2
b/ E Cu 2+ /Cu =E Cu(NH3 ) 2+ /Cu
4
(2)
2+
Cu(NH 3 ) 4 +2e Cu+4NH3

o
E Cu(NH ) 2+ /Cu =E Cu(NH +
0,059
lg
Cu(NH3 )4 2+ (3)
2+
3 4 )
3 4 /Cu
2 NH3 4
(1)(2)(3) E oCu(NH 2+ =0,06(v)
3 )4 /Cu
Cu 8:
Trn hai th tch bng nhau ca hai dung dch SnCl 2 0,100 M v FeCl 3 0,100 M. Xc nh nng
cc ion thic v ion st khi cn bng 25 0C. Tnh th ca cc cp oxi ha kh khi cn bng.
o
Biet ESn4+ = 0, 15 V ; Eo o
Sn2+ Fe 3+ = 0, 77 V ; EAg+ = 0,80 V
Fe 2 + Ag
2+ 3+ 4+ 2+
S Sn + 2 Fe Sn + 2 Fe
CMcb 0,05-x 0,05-2x x 2x
lgK = 2.(0,77 0,15)/ 0,059 = 21 => K = 10 21

11
 K rt ln v nng Fe 3+cho phn ng nh hn nhiu so vi Sn 2+ => phn ng gn nh hon ton
2x ; 0,05
[Fe2+] = 0,05 M; [Sn4+] = 0,025 M; [Sn2+] = 0,025 M; [Fe3+] = M
0, 025. 0, 05
2
0, 0025
K= => 1.10 21
= => = [Fe3+] = 1,58.10-12 M
0, 025. 2
2

1,58.1012 0, 059 0, 025

Khi cn bng Ecb = 0,77 + 0,059 lg = 0,15 + lg = 0,15 V
0, 05 2 0, 025
Cu 9:
Khi nhng mt si Ag vo dung dch Fe 2(SO4)3 2,5.10-2 M. Xc nh nng ca Fe 3+, Fe2+ v Ag+ khi
cn bng 250C.
o
Biet ESn4+ = 0, 15 V ; Eo o
3+ = 0, 77 V ; E
Sn 2+ Fe Ag+ = 0,80 V
Fe 2 + Ag
S Ag + Fe3+ Ag + + Fe2+
CMcb 0,05 - x x x
0, 77 0,80
lgK = = -0,51 => K = 0,31
0, 059
x2
Ta c: = 0,31 => x = [Ag+] = [Fe2+] = 4,38.10-2 M
0, 05 x
[Fe ] = 6. 10-3 M.
3+

6.103
Ecb = 0,77 + 0,059 lg = 0,80 + 0,059 lg 4,38.10 -2 = 0,72 V
4,38.102
Cu 10:
1. Ion MnO4(-) oxi ha c Cl(-) v Br(-) (trong mi trng axit). Tnh hng s cn bng ca cc phn
ng .
2. C th iu chnh pH MnO 4(-) ch oxi ha mt trong hai ion. Gii thch ti sao?
Cho: E MnO4 / Mn2 1,51V;E Cl2 / 2Cl( ) 1,36V;E Br2 / 2Br( ) 1,065V
0 0 0

3. Vit y phng trnh phn ng sau y v tin hnh cn bng bng phng php ion electron :
MnO(OH)2 + PbO2 + H(+) + NO3(-) H(+) + MnO4(-) + Pb2+ + H2O (1 )
A:
1.
Trng hp MnO 4- oxi ha Cl(-):
bn phi: MnO4(-) + 8H(+) + 5e Mn2+ + 4H2O x2
bn tri: 2Cl (-)
Cl2 + 2e
x5

2MnO4(-) + 10Cl(-) + 16H(+) 2Mn2+ + 5Cl2 + 8H2O

Sc in ng chun ca t bo in ha: E pin E phai Etrai 1,51 1,36 0,15V
0 0 0

10x0,15
Hng s cn bng ca phn ng: K 10 0,059 1025,42 ;
K rt ln phn ng xy ra hon ton iu kin chun.
- Trng hp MnO 4- oxi ha Cl(-):
bn phi: MnO4(-) + 8H(+) + 5e Mn2+ + 4H2O x2
bn tri: 2Br (-) Br2 + 2e x5

2MnO4(-) + 10Br(-) + 16H(+) 2Mn2+ + 5Br2 + 8H2O

Sc in ng chun ca t bo in ha: E pin E phai E trai 1,51 1,065 0,445V
0 0 0

10x0,445
Hng s cn bng ca phn ng: K 10 0,059 1075,42
K rt ln phn ng xy ra hon ton iu kin chun.
2. MnO4(-) + 8H(+) + 5e Mn2+ + 4H2O

12
 0,059 [MnO(4 ) ][H ]8
E MnO( ) / Mn2 E 0
MnO(4 ) / Mn2
lg
4
5 [Mn2 ]
0,059 0,059 [MnO(4 ) ]
hay E MnO( ) / Mn2 E MnO
0
( )
/ Mn2
lg[H]8 lg
4 4
5 5 [Mn2 ]
E MnO( ) / Mn2 E MnO
0
()
/ Mn2
0,0944pH
4 4

Gi thit nng cc cht bng 1M v p sut cc kh bng 1 atm v [H +] 1M.

oxi ha Br(-) m khng oxi ha Cl (-) ta phi c iu kin:
E 0Br / 2Br( ) < E MnO( ) / Mn2 E MnO
0
() 2 0,0944pH < E
0
Cl 2 / 2Cl( )
2 4 4 / Mn

Hay 1,065 < 1,51 0,0944pH < 1,36

1,6 < pH < 4,71
Nh vy cn iu chnh pH trong khong ta c th ch oxi ha Br (-) m khng oxi ha Cl-.
3. MnO(OH)2 + PbO2 + H(+) + NO3(-) H(+) + MnO4(-) + Pb2+ + H2O
c.kh c.oxh
3 x PbO2 + 4H(+) + 2e Pb2+ + 2H2O (s kh)
2 x MnO(OH)2 + H2O MnO4 + 4H + 3e (s oxi ha)
(-) (+)

2MnO(OH) 2 + 3PbO2 + 4H(+) 3Pb2+ + 2MnO4(-) + 4H2O

2MnO(OH) 2 + 3PbO2 + 6HNO3 3Pb(NO3)2 + 2HMnO4 + 4H2O
Cu 11:
Hay cho biet p nao xay ra trong cac trng hp sau:
FeCl3 + NaCl FeCl3 + NaBr FeCl3 + NaI
Biet ECl2 / 2Cl 1,359V E Br2 / 2Br 1,065V E I / 2I 0,536V
o o o
2

EoFe3 / Fe2 0,77V

S: Gia s xay ra p:
2Fe3 2X 2Fe2 X 2(1),(X : Cl ,Br ,I ).
e p (1) xay ra th : E pu Eox E kh 0
o o o

= E Fe3 / Fe2 E X 2 / 2X 0
o o

V ch co E I 2 / 2I EFe3 / Fe2 nen ch xay ra p:

o o

2Fe3 2I 2Fe2 I 2
Hay 2FeCl3 2NaI 2FeCl 2 I 2 2NaCl.
I 2 I I 3
Cu 12:
Cho gin th kh chun ca Mn trong mi trng axit:
+2,27V +0,95V
MnO
4
- ?
42-
MnO MnO 2 Mn 3+ ?
Mn 2+

+1,70V +1,23V

- 2-
a) Tnh th kh chun ca cp: MnO 4 /MnO 4 v Mn 3 /Mn 2
b) Hy cho bit cc tiu phn no khng bn v b d phn. Hy tnh hng s cn bng ca cc phn
ng d phn .
A:
a) Mi cp oxi ho kh tnh ng c 0,5 im.
- 2-
Th kh chun ca cp: MnO 4 /MnO 4 v Mn 3 /Mn 2
MnO 24 +4H+ +2e MnO2 +2H2O (1) E10 =+2,27V
-
MnO 4 + 4H+ +3e MnO2 +2H2O (2) E02 =+1,70V
Ly (2) tr (1) ta c: MnO 4 +e
-
MnO 24 (3) E03 = 3E02 2E01 = +0,56V

13
 MnO 2 +1e +4H+ Mn3+ +2H2O (4) E04 =+0,95V
MnO 2 +2e +4H+ Mn2+ +2H2O (5) E05 =+1,23V
Ly (5) tr (4) ta c: Mn 3+ +1e Mn2+ (6) E06 = 2E05 E04 = +1,51V
b) Tr li ng mt tiu phn khng bn c 0,25 im. Tnh ng mt gi tr K c 0,25 im.
MnO 24 v Mn 3+ khng bn v d phn.
MnO 24 +4H+ +2e MnO2 +2H2O E10 =+2,27V
2 -
2 MnO 4 2MnO 4 +2e -E 30 =-0,56V
2 -
3 MnO 4 +4H +
2MnO 4 + MnO2 +2H2O (7) E07 = +1,71V >0
nn phn ng (7) t xy ra.
2E 07
lgK 7 = 57,966 K7 = 9,25.1057
0,059
Mn +1e
3+
Mn2+ E 06 =+1,51V
Mn3++2H2O MnO2 +1e+4H+ -E04= -0,95V
2Mn3++2H2O MnO2 +Mn2+ +4H+ (8) E08 = +0,56V >0
nn phn ng (8) t xy ra.
E80
lgK 8 = 9, 492 K8 = 3,1.109
0,059
Cu 13:
Dung dch X gm K2Cr2O7 0,010 M; KMnO 4 0,010 M; Fe 2(SO4)3 0,0050 M v H 2SO4 (pH ca dung
dch bng 0). Thm dung dch KI vo dung dch X cho n nng ca KI l 0,50 M, c dung dch
Y (coi th tch khng thay i khi thm KI vo dung dch X).
a) Hy m t cc qu trnh xy ra v cho bit thnh phn ca dung dch Y.
b) Tnh th ca in cc platin nhng trong dung dch Y.
c) Cho bit kh nng phn ng ca Cu 2+ vi I- (d) iu kin tiu chun. Gii thch.
0 0 0 0
Cho: E Cr O 2 /Cr 3+ = 1,330 V; E MnO /Mn 2+ = 1,510 V; E Fe3+ /Fe 2+ = 0,771 V; E I /I = 0,5355 V
2 7 4 3

0
E 2+ = 0,153 V; pKs(CuS) = 12.
Cu /Cu

A:
0 0 0 0
a. Do E MnO- /Mn 2+ = 1,51 V > E Cr O 2- /Cr 3+ = 1,33 V > E Fe3+ /Fe 2+ = 0,771V > E I- /I- = 0,5355 V, nn cc qu
4 2 7 3

trnh xy ra nh sau:
2 MnO -4 + 16 H+ + 15 I- 2 Mn2+ + 5 I3- + 8 H2O (1)
0,01 0,5
[ ] - 0,425 0,01 0,025
2- + - 3+ -
Cr2 O 7 + 14 H + 9 I 2 Cr + 3 I3 + 7 H2O (2)
0,01 0,425 0,025
[ ] - 0,335 0,02 0,055
2 Fe 3+ + 3 I- 2 Fe2+ + I -3 (3)
0,01 0,335 0,055
[ ] - 0,32 0,01 0,06
-
Thnh phn ca dung dch Y: I 3 0,060 M; I 0,32 M; Mn2+ 0,01 M; Cr3+ 0,02 M; Fe2+ 0,01 M.
-

I 3 + 2 e 3 I-
-
b)
0,0592 0,06
E - - = 0,5355 + .log 3 = 0,54 V.
I /I
3 2 (0,32)

14
 0 0
c) Do E I- /I- = 0,5355 V > E Cu 2+ /Cu = 0,153 V nn v nguyn tc Cu 2+ khng oxi ha c I -. Nhng nu
3

0 0 1
d I- th s to kt ta CuI. Khi E Cu 2+ /CuI = E Cu 2+ /Cu + 0,0592.log 0,863 V.
K S(CuI)

Nh vy E Cu 2+ /CuI = 0,863 V > E I- /I- = 0,5355 V Cu2+ s oxi ha c I - do to thnh CuI:

0 0

2 Cu2+ + 5 I- 2 CuI + I 3-
Cu 14:
Fe2+ + Ag + Fe 3+ + Ag
0 + 0 3+ 2+
E Ag /Ag = 0,80V ; E Fe /Fe = 0,77V
1/ Xc nh chiu ca phn ng trong iu kin chun v tnh hng s cn bng ca phn ng 298K
2/ Xc nh chiu ca phn ng xy ra trong dung dch Fe 3+ 0,1M ; Fe2+ 0,01M v Ag+ 0,001M khi cho bt
Ag vo dung dch trn ?
A:
1/ Fe2+ + Ag + Fe 3+ + Ag
0
E pin = 0,8 0,77 = 0,03V => Phn ng xy ra theo chiu thun
K = 10(En/0,059) = 10(0,03/0,059) = 3,225
2/ E = E0 + (0,059/n).lg([oxh]/[kh])

EAg+/Ag = 0,8 + 0,059.log(0,001) = 0,623V

EFe3+/Fe2+ = 0,77 + 0,059.log.(0,1/0,01) = 0,829V
E = 0,829 0,623 = 0,206V
Do E > 0 nn phn ng xy ra theo chiu :
Fe3+ + Ag Fe2+ + Ag+
Cu 15:
C th ha tan hon ton 100mg kim loi bc trong 100 ml dung dch amoniac 0,1M khi tip xc vi
khng kh c khng ? Cho bit M Ag = 107,88 ; Kb (NH3) = 1,74.10-5
Cc hng s bn ca phc [Ag(NH 3)i]+ tng ng l : lg 1 = 3,32 v lg2 = 6,23
Cc th kh (th oxi ha kh) chun 25 0C : E0(Ag+/Ag) = 0,799V ; E0(O2/OH-) = 0,401V
p sut ring phn ca oxi trong khng kh l 0,2095 atm
Phn ng thc hin 25 0C
A:

Phn ng to phc :

Ag+ + NH3 = Ag(NH3)+

Ag+ + 2NH3 = Ag(NH3)2+
S mol Ag = 100 / (1000. 107,88) = 9,2710 -4
S mol NH3 cho > s mol NH 3 cc i to phc = 18,54.10-4
Cn phi kim tra kh nng ha tan bng nhit ng hc
Ag+ + e Ag E1 = E0 + 0,059.lg[Ag+]
O2 + H2O + 4e 4OH- E2 = E0 + (0,059/4). lg (PO2 / [OH-])
Khi cn bng E1 = E2. D dng tnh c E 2 .
Trong dung dch NH 3 c [OH-] = (K b.C)1/2 = 1,32.10-3
E2 = 0,401 + (0,059/4). lg. [(0,2059 / (1,32.10 -3)4] = 0,561V
=> lg [Ag+] = (E2 E01) / 0,059 = - 4,304 => [Ag +] = 9,25.10-5
Nng tng cng ca [Ag +] trong dung dch (coi [NH 3] = 0,1M)
S = [Ag+] + [Ag(NH3)]+ + [Ag(NH3)]2+ = 9,12.10-5 x (1 + 103,32 + 106,23) = 15,5 > > nng tnh
ha tan hon ton Ag kim loi
=> Cc iu kin nhit ng thun li ha tan Ag.
15
Cu 16:
1/ Chng minh CuS c th tan trong dung dch HCl c ha tan H 2O2. Bit TCuS = 10-35 ; Ka1(H2S) = 10-7 ;
Ka2(H2S) = 10-13. E01(H2O2/H2O) = 1,77V ; E 02(S/H2S) = 0,14V

2/ Hy gii tch v sao Ag d dng tan trong dung dch c cha amoniac, amoniclorua khi c mt oxi khng
kh ?
E0Ag+/Ag = 0,8V ; E0O2/H2O = 1,23V ; K a(NH4+) = 10-9,24 ; Hng s bn [Ag(NH 3)2]+ = 107,26
Bi gii
2+ 2-
1/ CuS Cu + S T = 10-35
S2- + H+ H2S K1 = (Ka1 . Ka2)-1
H2S - 2e 2H+ + S K2 = 10-2.0,14 / 0,059
H2O2 + 2H+ + 2e 2H 2O K3 = 102.1,770,059
Tng cng ta c : CuS + 2H + + H2O2 Cu2+ + S + 2H 2O K
-35 -7 -13 -4,75 60
Ta c K = T. K1. K2 . K3 = 10 . (10 . 10 ) . 10 . 10
40,25
K = 10
K rt ln nn CuS d dng tan c trong HCl c H 2O2
2/ O2 + 4H+ + 4e 2H 2O K1 = 104.1,23/0,059
4Ag - 4e 4Ag+ K2 = 10-4.0,8 / 0,059
4NH4+ 4NH3 + 4H+ K3 = 10-4.9,24
4Ag+ + 8NH 3 4Ag(NH 3)2+ K4 = 104.7,26

4Ag+ + 4NH4+ + 4NH3 4Ag(NH 3)2+ + 2H2O

K = K1 . K2 . K3 . K4 = 1021,23
K rt ln nn Ag d tan trong dung dch NH 3 + NH4Cl c mt O2

Cu 17:
a/ Th kh chun ca cp Cu 2+ /Cu = 0,34V. Nhng mt si dy Cu vo dung dch CuSO 4 0,01M. Tnh
th in cc ca Cu 2+ /Cu trong iu kin trn
b/ Ha tan 0,1 mol amoniac vo 100 ml dung dch trn (th tch thay i khng ng k) ; chp nhn
ch xy ra phn ng : Cu 2+ + 4NH3 [Cu(NH 3)4]2+
Th in cc o c gim i 0,361V. Xc nh hng s bn ca phc [Cu(NH 3)4]2+
A:
a/ p dng phng trnh Nerst ta c :
E
Cu2+/Cu = 0,34 - 0,059/2 . lg0,01 = 0,281V
b/ Ta thy mol NH 3 = 0,1 > > mol Cu 2+ = 0,001 mol
=> Cu2+ + 4NH3 [Cu(NH3)4]2+
Th in cc gim 0,361V => ECu 2+ /Cu = 0,12V
Theo phng trnh Nerst :
-0,08 = 0,34 + 0,059/2. log[Cu 2+]
=> [Cu2+] = 5,79 . 10-15
[NH3] 0,1/0,1 5,79 . 10 -15 1M
[Cu(NH3)4]2+ = CCu2+ = 0,01M
Vy hng s bn ca phc bng : K b = 0,01 / (5,79.10-15) = 1,73.1012

Cu 18:
250C c 1 pin in ha gm 2 in cc : in cc catot kim loi Ag nhng vo dung dch AgNO 3
0,02M ; in cc anot l kim loi Cu nhng vo dung dch Cu(NO 3)2 0,02M. Bit cc in cc ni vi
nhau bng cu mui bo ha KNO 3 trong aga aga.
a/ Tnh sc in ng ca pin in ha . Bit E 0Ag+/Ag = 0,8V ; E0Cu2+/Cu = 0,34V
b/ Khi ni hai in cc bng 1 dy dn qua in k th kim in k ch chiu dng in nh th no ?
16
Khi kim in k ch v vch s 0 tc l dng in trong mch b ngt th nng Ag +, Cu2+ trong mi
in cc l bao nhiu ?
A:
a/ Khi cha ni hai in cc bng dy dn (pin cha hot ng) th sc in ng ca pin l :
E = Ec Ea = 0,8 + 0,059.log0,02 0,34 0,059.log0,02 = 0,46V
b/ Khi ni hai in cc bng dy dn qua 1 in k th kim in k ch chiu dng in ngc chiu
electron tc l chiu t Ag sang Cu
Trong pin xy ra phn ng : Cu + 2Ag + Cu2+ + 2Ag
0 0
Do E Ag >> E Cu nn phn ng xy ra hon ton :
Khi kim in k ch vch 0 th ca 2 in cc bng nhau : E Ag = ECu
Khi [Cu2+] = 0,02 + 0,02/2 = 0,03M
EAg = ECu => 0,34 + 0,059/2.log0,03 = 0,8 + 0,059.[Ag +]
=> [Ag+] = 2,77.10-9

Cu 19:
Xt kh nng phn ng ca bc vi HCl v HI. Cho E 0Ag+/Ag = 0,799V
Tch s tan : TAgCl = 10-10 ; TAgI = 10-16
A:
Do E0Ag+/Ag > E02H+/H2 , nu khng c mt Cl - v I- th Ag kim loi khng c kh nng kh H +
gii phng H2. Nhng trong mi trng c cha Cl - v I- th s hnh thnh cc cp oxi ha kh mi :
AgCl/Ag v AgI/Ag.
E0AgCl/Ag c tnh t t hp t cc cn bng :
AgCl Ag+ + Cl- TAgCl = 10-10
+
Ag + e Ag K1 = 10(0,799/0,059)
0 -10
=> E AgCl/Ag = 0,799 + 0,059. log(10 ) = 0,209V
Tng t => E0AgI/Ag = 0,799 + 0,059. log (10 -16) = - 0,145V
Ta thy rng 0,209 > 0 (E 02H+/H2) => Ag khng c kh nng phn ng vi dung dch HCl
Do 0,145 < 0 => Ag c th tc dng vi dung dch HI to ra AgI v gii phng H 2
2Ag + 2H+ + 2I- 2AgI + H2

Cu 20:
CM = 1M v 25OC, th in cc chun E O ca mt s cp oxi ha kh c cho nh sau :
2IO4-/ I2 (r) = 1,31V ; 2IO3-/ I2 (r) = 1,19V ;
2HIO/ I2 (r) = 1,45V; I2 (r)/ 2I- = 0,54V
a/ Vit phng trnh bn phn ng oxi ha kh ca cc cp cho.
b/ Tnh EO ca cc cp IO 4-/ IO3- v IO3-/ HIO
A:
2IO4- + 16H+ + 14e I2 (r) + 8H2O; EO IO4-/ I2 (r) = 1,31V = EO1

2IO3- + 12H+ + 10e I2 (r) + 6H2O; EO = 1,19V = EO2

2HIO + 2H+ + 2e I2 (r) + 2H2O;

EO HIO/ I2 (r) = 1,45V = EO3

I2 (r) + 2e 2I - ; EO I2 (r)/ 2I- = 0,54V = EO4

2IO4- + 16H+ + 14e I2 (r) + 8H2O; K 1 = 10 14.1,31/0,0592

I2 (r) + 6H2O 2IO3- + 12H+ + 10e; K2-1= 10-10.1,19/0,0592

2IO4- + 4H+ + 4e 2IO 3- + 2H2O ; K 5 = 104x/0,0592

K5 = K1. K2-1 x = EO5 = EO IO4-/ IO3- = (14 EO1 - 10 EO2) : 4 = 1,61V

2IO3- + 12H+ + 10e I2 (r) + 6H2O; K 2 = 1010.1,19/0,0592

17
 I2 (r) + 2H2O 2HIO + 2H+ + 2e ; K3-1 = 10-2.1,45/0,052

2IO3- + 1OH+ + 8e 2HIO + 4H2O ; K6 = 108y/0,0592

K6 = K2. K3-1 y = EO6 = EO IO3-/ HIO = (10 EO2 - 2 EO3) : 8 = 1,125V

Cu 21:
298K cho dng in 1 chiu c cng 0,5A qua bnh in phn cha 2 in cc platin nhng
trong 200ml dung dch gm Cu(NO 3)2 0,02M, Co(NO3)2 1M , HNO3 0,1M
a/ Vit cc bn phn ng c th xy ra trn catot v anot trong qu trnh in phn
b/ Khi 10% lng ion kim loi u tin b in phn, ngi ta ngt mch in v ni on mch hai
cc ca bnh in phn. Hy cho bit hin tng xy ra v vit phng trnh phn ng minh ha.
c/ Xc nh khong th ca ngun in ngoi t vo catoto c th in phn hon ton ion th
nht trn catot (coi qu trnh in phn l hon ton khi nng ca ion b in phn cn li trong
dung dch l 0,005% so vi nng ban u)
d/ Tnh th tch kh thot ra (ktc) trn anot sau khi in phn c 25 pht. Khi , gi tr th catot
l bao nhiu ?
Chp nhn : p sut ring phn ca kh hidro l 1 atm ; khi tnh ton khng k n qu th ; nhit
dung dch khng thay i trong qu trnh in phn.
Cho : E0Cu2+/Cu = 0,337V ; E0Co2+/Co = -0,227. Hng s Faraay F = 96500 C.mol -1
298K th 2,303(RT/F) = 0,0592

A:

a/ qu trnh c th xy ra trn catot :

Cu2+ + 2e Cu (1)
+
2H + 2e H2
2+
Co + 2e Co
+
Qu trnh xy ra trn anot : 2H 2O O2 + 4H + 4e(2)
E 2+
b/ p dng : Cu /Cu = 0,337 + 0,0592/2.lg0,02 = 0,287V
E
Co2+/Co = E0Co2+/Co = -0,277V
E
2H+/H2 = 0,0592/2.lg.(0,01) 2 = -0,118V
Th t in phn trn catot l Cu 2+ ; H+ ; Co2+
Khi % Cu2+ b in phn, ECu2+/Cu = 0,287V (khi H2 cha thot ra) nu ngt mch in v ni
on mch hai cc s hnh thnh pin in c cc dng (catot) l cp O 2/H2O v cc m (anot) l cp
Cu2+/Cu
Phn ng xy ra :
Catot : O2 + 4H+ + 4e H2O
2+
Anot : Cu Cu + 2e
+
2Cu + O2 + 4H 2Cu2+ + 2H2O
Pin phng in cho ti khi th ca 2 cc bng nhau
c/
tch hon ton c Cu 2+ th catot cn t l :
E
2H+/H2 < Ec < ECu2+/Cu . Khi Cu2+ b in phn hon ton th :
[Cu2+] = 0,02 . 0,005% = 10-6 M
E
Cu2+/Cu = 0,337 + 0,0592/2.log(10 -6) = 0,159V
[H+] = 0,01 + 2(0,02 10 -6) 0,05V
E
2H+/H2 = 0,0592/2.lg(0,05) 2 = -0,077V
Vy trong trng hp tnh khng k n qu th ca H 2 trn in cc platin th th tch catot cn
khng ch trong khong -0,077V < E c < 0,159V, khi Cu2+ s b in phn hon ton.
d/
18
T (2) mol oxi gii phng ra = (0,5.25.60) / (4.96500) = 1,943.10 -3 (mol)
=> Voxi = 0,0435 lt
Theo (1) th s mol ion ng b in phn sau 25 pht :
n
Cu2+ = (0,5.25.60) / (2.96500) = 3,886.10 -3 (mol) < 0,02.200.10-3 = 4.10 -3 (mol)
[Cu2+] d = (0,004 0,003886) / 0,2 = 0,00057M
Khi th catot : Ec = ECu2+/Cu = 0,337 + 0,0592/2.log0,00057 = 0,24V

Cu 22:
Tnh tan ca AgI trong dung dch Fe 2(SO4)3 0,05M trong mi trng H 2SO4.
Cho E0 I- / I2 = 0,54 v
E0 Fe3+ / Fe2+ = 0,77 v
T AgI = 10 -16
A:
2x AgI Ag+ + I- T = 10-16
2 ( 0 , 54 )
2I- - 2e I2 K1 =
10 0 , 059

2x
0 , 77
Fe3+ + 1e Fe2+ K2 =
10 0 , 059

______________________________________
2AgI + 2Fe 3+ 2Ag+ + 2Fe2+ + I2 K = T2K1(K2)2 = 10-24,2
[ ] 0,1 2x 2x 2x x

16 x 5
= 10-24,2 x<< 0,1
(0,1 2 x ) 2
16x5 = 10-26,2
x = 3,31.10-6
tan S = [Ag+] = 2x = 6,62.10-6
Cu 23: Cho th in cc chun hai cp oxi ha- kh sau : E 0Fe2+/ Fe= - 0,44V; E0Cd2+/Cd = - 0,40V.
a. Phn ng ha hc s xy ra theo chiu no iu kin chun gia 2 cp oxi ha - kh ? Vit
phng trnh ion rt gn.
b. Tm sut in ng chun ca pin to bi hai cp oxi ha- kh trn.
c. Tnh hng s cn bng ca phn ng . Da vo hng s cn bng, hy cho nhn xt v nng
Fe2+ so vi nng Cd2+ khi cn bng.
Hng dn gii :
a) V E0Fe2+/ Fe= - 0,44V < E0Cd2+/Cd = - 0,40V
nn
Fe(r) + Cd2+ (dd) Fe2+(dd) + Cd (r)

b) E0pin = E0Cd2+/Cd - E0Fe2+/ Fe = - 0,40 (-0,44) = 0,04 (V)

c) logK = (nE 0p/0,059)

logK = (2. 0,04)/0,059 = 1,3559
K= 22,6934.
K=[Fe2+]/[Cd2+] = 22,6934.
Gi tr trn cho bit Fe y Cd ra khi dung dch mui Cd 2+ cho ti khi no nng ca ion Cd 2+
nh hn nng ca ion Fe 2+ 22,6934 ln hoc nng Fe 2+ ln hn nng ca ion Cd 2+ 22,6934
ln.
Cu 24: Lap 1 pin bang cach noi ien cc hydro chuan vi mot na pin
bi 1 day ong nhung vao 40ml ddCuSO 4 0,01M co them 10ml ddNH 3
0,5M. Chap nhan rang ch tao phc Cu(NH 3 ) 4 2+ vi nong o NH 4 + la
khong ang ke so vi nong o NH 3.
g. Xac nh E Cu 2+ /Cu .

19
 h. Tnh E o Cu(NH 3 ) 4 2+ /Cu .
Biet E o Cu 2+ /Cu = 0,34v; Cu(NH3 ) 4 2+ /Cu
lg Cu(NH 3 ) 4 2+ =13,2 va ECu 2+ /Cu=ECu(NH 3 ) 4 2+ /Cu
Hng dn gii : Cu 0,8.10
2+ 2
NH3 0,1
a/ Cu 2+ +2e Cu E o =0,34(v)
0,059
o
E Cu 2+ /Cu =E Cu 2+
/Cu
+ lg Cu 2+ (1)
2
Cu 2+ +4NH 3 2+
Cu(NH 3 )=10
4
13,2

b 0,8.102 0,1 0
p 0,8.102 3, 2.102 0,8.102
cb 0 6,8.102 0,8.10 2

Cu 2+
=
Cu(NH 3 )4
2+
=
0,8.102
=2,4.1011
NH3 . (0,068) .10
4 4 13,2

0,059
(1) E Cu 2+ /Cu =0,34+ lg2,4.1011 =0,02(v)
2
b/ E Cu 2+ /Cu =E Cu(NH3 ) 2+ /Cu
4
(2)
2+
Cu(NH 3 ) 4 +2e Cu+4NH3

o
E Cu(NH ) 2+ /Cu =E Cu(NH +
0,059
lg
Cu(NH3 )4 2+ (3)
2+
3 4 )
3 4 /Cu
2 NH3 4
(1)(2)(3) E oCu(NH 2+ =0,06(v)
3 )4 /Cu
Cu 25:
a. xc nh hng s in li ca axit axtic ngi ta thit lp mt pin gm hai in cc:
in cc 1 l in cc hidr tiu chun
in cc 2 l dy Pt nhng vo dung dch axit axtic 0,01M.
b. Thit lp s pin v vit cc bn phn ng xy ra trn b mt mi in cc khi pin hot ng.
IV.2.2 Sc in ng ca pin o c 25 0C l 0,1998 V. Tnh hng s in li ca axit axtic.
RT
Cho: ln 0,0592lg , P H2 = 1atm.
nF
Hng dn gii :
a. S pin (+) Pt, H 2 /H+, 1M // CH3COOH, 0,01 M/H 2, Pt (-)
Ti cc dng: 2H + + 2e H2
Ti cc m: H2 - 2e 2H +

Phn ng xy ra trong pin khi pin hot ng: 2H + (+) + H2 (-) = 2H+ (-) + H2 (+)
b.T E = E(+) E(-) ta c 0,1998 = 0 E (-) hay E(-) = - 0,1998V
Gi [H+] l nng ion [H +] l nng ion hidro do CH 3COOH in li ra in cc m.
Mt khc, E = 0,0592lg[H +] = -0,1998 V
[H+] = 4,217.10-4 M
CH3COOH CH3COO- + H+
0,01 4,217.10-4 4,217.10-4 4,217.10-4 (mol.lit -1)
p dng nh lut tc dng khi lng cho cn bng ta c:
[H ].[CH3COO ] (4,217.104 )2
Ka = = = 1,86.10-5
[CH 3COOH] 0,01 4,217.104
Cu 26:

20
1. Trn hai th tch bng nhau ca hai dung dch SnCl 2 0,100 M v FeCl3 0,100 M. Xc nh nng
cc ion thic v ion st khi cn bng 25 0C. Tnh th ca cc cp oxi ha kh khi cn bng.
2. Khi nhng mt si Ag vo dung dch Fe 2(SO4)3 2,5.10-2 M. Xc nh nng ca Fe 3+, Fe2+ v Ag+
khi cn bng 25 0C.
o
Biet ESn4+ = 0, 15 V ; Eo o
3+ = 0, 77 V ; E
Sn2+ Fe Ag+ = 0,80 V
Fe 2 +
Ag
A:
1. Sn2+ + 2 Fe3+ Sn4+ + 2 Fe2+
CMcb 0,05-x 0,05-2x x 2x
lgK = 2.(0,77 0,15)/ 0,059 = 21 => K = 10 21
K rt ln v nng Fe 3+cho phn ng nh hn nhiu so vi Sn 2+ => phn ng gn nh hon ton
2x ; 0,05
[Fe2+] = 0,05 M; [Sn4+] = 0,025 M; [Sn2+] = 0,025 M; [Fe3+] = M
0, 025. 0, 05
2
0, 0025
K= => 1.1021 = => = [Fe3+] = 1,58.10-12 M
0, 025. 2
2
1,58.1012 0, 059 0, 025
Khi cn bng Ecb = 0,77 + 0,059 lg = 0,15 + lg = 0,15 V
0, 05 2 0, 025
2. Ag + Fe3+ Ag + + Fe2+
CMcb 0,05 - x x x
0, 77 0,80
lgK = = -0,51 => K = 0,31
0, 059
x2
Ta c: = 0,31 => x = [Ag+] = [Fe2+] = 4,38.10-2 M
0, 05 x
[Fe3+] = 6. 10-3 M.
6.103
Ecb = 0,77 + 0,059 lg = 0,80 + 0,059 lg 4,38.10 -2 = 0,72 V
4,38.102
Cu 27: Mt pin c cu to bi 2 in cc: in cc th nht gm mt thanh ng nhng trong
dung dch Cu2+ c nng 10 -2 M; in cc th 2 gm mt thanh ng nhng trong dung dch phc
cht [Cu(NH 3)4]2+ c nng 10-2 M. Sc in ng ca pin 25 0C l 38 mV.
1.Tnh nng (mol.l -1) ca ion Cu2+ trong dung dch in cc m.
0
2. Tnh hng s bn ca phc cht. Bit : ECu 2 / Cu = 0,34 V.
A:
1. in cc Cu nhng trong dung dch phc cht [Cu(NH 3)4]2+:
0 0,059
ECu 2 / Cu = ECu 2
/ Cu + lg[Cu2+]
2
M [Cu2+] t do trong dung dch ny thp hn so vi in cc Cu 2+/Cu cn li, nn in cc
Cu nhng trong dung dch phc cht [Cu(NH 3)4]2+ c in th < in cc cn li v ng vai
tr cc m.
Ta c pin : (-) Cu [Cu(NH3)4]2+ 10-2M Cu2+ 10-2M Cu (+)
Sc in ng ca pin :
0,059 10 2
E = ECu / Cu (+) -
E Cu / Cu (-) = 0,038 = lg
[Cu 2 ]( )
2 2
2
lg[Cu2+](-) = -3,288
Vy [Cu2+] trn in cc m = 5,15 10-4M
2.
V : [Cu(NH3)4]2+ Cu2+ + 4NH 3
[ ] 10-2 M -4
5,15 10 M 45,1510-4M
2
[Cu ( NH 3 ) 4 ] 10 2 5,15 10 4
Kb 2
4 4 4
1,023 1012
[Cu ][ NH 3 ] 4
5,15 10 (4 5,15 10 )
Cu 28:
21
Nu mun thc hin cc qu trnh sau y:
2
a. Sn 2 Sn 4 b. Cu Cu 2 c. Mn MnO 4 d. Fe 2 Fe3
Chng ta c th dng nc brom c khng? Bit:
; E MnO4 / Mn 2 1,51v
0
E 0 Fe3 / Fe2 0, 77v ; E 0CU2 / Cu 0,34v
E 0 Br / 2Br 1, 07v
E 0Sn 4 / Sn 2 0,15v
; 2

Vit phng trnh phn ng nu xy ra v tnh hng s cn bng ca phn ng xy ra.

A:
Sp xp cc na phn ng theo chiu tng dn ca th in cc chun, ta c:
Sn 4 2e Sn 2 E 0Sn 4 / Sn 2 0,15v
Cu 2 e Cu E 0 Cu 2 / Cu 0,34v
Fe3 e Fe 2 E 0 Fe3 / Fe2 0, 77v
Br2 2e 2Br E 0 Br2 / 2Br 1, 07v
MnO 4 8H 5e Mn 2 4H 2 O E 0 MnO / Mn 2 1,5v
4

Theo qui tc ta thy c th thc hin cc qu trnh a, b, d

a. Sn2+ + Br2 Sn4+ + 2Br
E0 = +1,07 (+0,15) = +0,92v
2.0,92

K 10 0,059 1,536.1031
b. 2Cu+ + Br2 2Cu2+ + 2Br
E0 = +1,07-(+0,34) = +0,73v
2.0,73

K 10 0,059 5,569.1024
c. 2Fe2+ + Br2 2Fe3+ + 2Br
E0 = +1,07-0,77=+0,3v
2.0,3

K 10 0,059
1, 477.1010
Cu 29:
Ngi ta lp 1 pin gm 2 na pin sau:
Zn / Zn ( NO3 )2 (0,1M) v Ag / Ag NO3 (0,1M) c th chun tng ng bng -0,76v v 0,80v
e. Thit lp s pin v cc du 2 in cc
f. Vit phng trnh phn ng khi pin lm vic
g. Tnh E ca pin
h. Tnh cc nng khi pin khng c kh nng pht in (pin dng ht)
A:
a. Zn | Zn ( NO3 )2 (0,1M) || AgNO3 (0,1M) | Ag( )
b. Ti (-) c s oxi ha Zn 2e Zn 2+
Ti (+) c s kh Ag + : Ag+ + e Ag
Phn ng tng qut khi pin lm vic:
Zn + 2Ag+ Zn2+ + 2Ag
0, 059
c. E Zn 2 / Zn E 0 Zn 2 / Zn lg Zn 2
2
0, 059
E Ag / Ag E 0 Ag / Ag lg Ag
1
2
0, 059 Ag

Epin = E Ag / Ag E Zn 2 / Zn E 0
Ag / Ag
E 0
Zn 2 / Zn
2
lg
Zn 2

2
1
0, 059 10
0,80 0, 76 lg 1,56 0, 0295 1,53v
2 101
d. Khi ht pin E pin = 0
Gi x l nng M ca ion Ag + gim i trong phn ng khi ht pin. Ta c:
22
 0, 059 0,1 x
2

E pin 0 lg 1,53
2 x
0,1
2
0,1 x
2

1051,86 0 x 0,1M
x
0,1
2
x
Zn 2 0,1 0,15M
2

Ag 0,1 .1051,86 4,55.1027 M

x
2
Cu 30:
Tnh sc in ng ca pin :
Pt H2 HCl 0,02 M AgCl / Ag
P = 1 atm CH3COONa 0,04 M

Cho E0 AgCl / Ag = 0,222 v K CH3COOH = 1,8. 10-5

A:
1. Phn ng theo quy c :
2 AgCl + 1e Ag + Cl -
H2 - 2e 2 H +
------------------------------------
2AgCl + H2 2Ag + 2Cl- + 2H+
Trong dung dch
HCl = H+ + Cl-
0,02 0,02 0,02
CH3COONa = CH3COO- + Na+
0,04 0,04 0,04
- +
CH3COO + H CH3COOH
b 0,04 0,02
p 0,02 0,02 0,02
[ ] 0,02 0,02
CH3COOH CH3COO- + H+ K= 1,8.10-5
b 0,02 0,02
[ ] 0,02 x 0,02 + x x

x 0,02 x
1,8.10 5 x<< 0,02
0,02 x
x = 1,8.10-5
pin Pt / Cl- = 0,02 M
p = 1 atm H+ = 0,02 M AgCl / Ag
CH3COO- = 0,02M
CH3COOH = 0,02M
1
Ep = E0 AgCl / Ag + 0,059 lg
[Cl ]
1
= 0,222 + 0,059 lg 0,02 = 0,322 v

0
Et = E H2 / 2H +
0,059 +
lg
H 2
=
0,059
lg(1,8.10-5)2 = -0,28 v
2 PH 2 2
Cu 31:

23
 1. Cho bit: cc cp oxi-ha kh Cu 2+/Cu, I 3 /3I v Cu+/Cu c th kh chun ln lt l E 10 = 0,34v
0
v E 02 = 0,55v; E 3 = 0,52v v tch s ha tan ca CuI l K S= 10 12
2. Thit lp s pin sao cho khi pin hot ng xy ra phn ng:
2Cu2+ + 5I- D 2CuI + I 3
3. Tnh sut in ng ca pin.
A:
Phn ng xy ra: 2Cu2+ + 5I
2CuI + I 3

3I

S oxi ha (anod): I 3 + 2e- (a)
S kh: Cu2+ + 2e- Cu E 01 (1)
Cu+ + 1e - Cu E 02 (2)
CuI Cu + I 1
KS (3)

Cu2+ + I + 1e CuI - C
K 0,059
E0
(c)

I 3 , I CuI , Cu

S pin: (-) Pt 2+
,I Pt (+)
1 . 10 2 2.E0 1 E 0
K c = K1.K2.K3 = 10 0,059 0,059 . K S
E 0C 2.0 , 034 0 , 52
0 , 059 = 10 0 , 059
.10 0 , 059 .1012 1014, 72
10
E0
C= 0,059.14,72 = 0,868 (v)
E(pin) = E c - Ea = 0,868 - 0,550 = 0,318 v
Cu 32:
Hay cho biet p nao xay ra trong cac trng hp sau:
FeCl3 + NaCl FeCl3 + NaBr FeCl3 + NaI
Biet ECl / 2Cl 1,359V E Br / 2Br 1,065V E I / 2I 0,536V
o o o
2 2
EoFe3 / Fe2 0,77V
2

A:
Gia s xay ra p:
2Fe3 2X 2Fe2 X 2(1),(X : Cl ,Br ,I ).
e p (1) xay ra th : E pu Eox E kh 0
o o o

= E Fe3 / Fe2 E X 2 / 2X 0
o o

V ch co E I 2 / 2I EFe3 / Fe2 nen ch xay ra p:

o o

2Fe3 2I 2Fe2 I 2
Hay 2FeCl3 2NaI 2FeCl 2 I 2 2NaCl.
I 2 I I 3
Cu 33:
o
Tnh E AgCl / Ag va hang so can bang cua p sau:
2AgCl + Cu 2Ag + Cu2+ + 2 Cl
Biet E Ag / Ag 0,799V
o
EoCu2 / Cu 0,337V TAgCl 1010
A: Ta co :
(Eo )/ 0,059
Ag e Ag,K 10 Ag / Ag

AgCl Ag Cl ,Tt
(EoAgCl / Ag )/ 0,059
AgCl e Ag Cl ,K 1 K.Tt 10
EoAgCl / Ag EoAg / Ag
10
0,059 0,059
EoAgCl / Ag EoAg / Ag 0,59 0,799 0,59 0,209V.

24
 Ta co :
AgCl e Ag Cl ,K 1
(2Eo )/ 0,059
Cu 2e Cu2 ,K 21 10 Cu2 / Cu

2AgCl Cu 2Ag Cu2 2Cl ,K 3 K 12.K 21

(2EoAgCl / Ag )/ 0,059 (2Eo )/ 0,059
10 .10 Cu2 / Cu
K3
(0,209 0,337)
2
K 3 10 0,059
104,34.
Cu 34:
Cho ECu2 / Cu 0,345V ; E Zn2 / Zn 0,76V.
o o

a. Hay viet s o pin c dung e xac nh the ien cc tieu

chuan cua cac cap tren . Ch ro cc dng,cc am.Cho biet p
thc te xay ra trong pin khi pin hoat ong .
b. 25oC,tien hanh thiet lap 1 he ghep noi gia thanh Zn
nhung vao dd ZnCl 2 0,01M vi thanh Cu nhung vao dd CuCl 2 0,001M
thu c mot pin ien hoa.
-Viet k hieu cua pin va p xay ra khi pin lam viec.
-Tnh Epin.
A:
a.V ECu2 / Cu E2H / H2 .e E pin >0 th cc CuCu2+ lam cc dng(+).cc
o o o

Pt,H2(1atm) H+ 1M lam cc am (-).

S o pin: (-) (+)
Pt,H2(1atm) H 1M Cu2+ 1M Cu .
+

P ien cc: Cc (-) : H2 2e 2H

Cc (+) : Cu2 2e Cu.
P trong pin : Cu2 H2 Cu 2H .
Tng t ta co : V E2H / H2 E Zn2 / Zn nen ta co s o pin :
o o

(-) (+)
ZnZn2+ 1M H+ 1MH2 (1atm),Pt.
P ien cc: Cc (-) : Zn 2e Zn2

Cc (+) : 2H 2e H2.
2
P trong pin : Zn 2H Zn H2.
b.Ta co :
ZnCl 2 Zn2 2Cl
0,01M 0,01M
CuCl 2 Cu 2Cl
2

0,001M 0,001M
0,059
E Zn2 / Zn EoZn2 / Zn lg[Zn2 ]
2
0,059
= 0,76 lg(0,01) 0,819V.
2
0,059
ECu2 / Cu ECu
o
2
/ Cu
lg[Cu2 ]
2
0,059
= 0,345 lg(0,001) 0,4335V
2
S o pin: (-) (+)
ZnZn2+ 0,01M Cu2+ 0,001M Cu.
P ien cc :
25
 Cc (-) : Zn 2e Zn2
Cc (+) : Cu2 2e Cu.
P trong pin :
Zn Cu2 Cu Zn2 .
E pin E p E t ECu2 / cu E Zn2 / Zn
= 0,4335-(-0,819) = 1,2525V.
Cu 35:
Cho gin th kh chun Mn trong mi trng axit
2
MnO4 0,56 V MnO4 ? MnO2

a. Tnh th kh chun ca cc cp MnO 42-/MnO2

b. Hy cho bit phn ng sau c th xy ra c khng ? ti sao ?
3MnO42- + 4H + = 2MnO-4 + MnO2 + 2H2O
Tnh hng s cn bng ca phn ng trn.
p n
a.
2
Mn O4 +e -> Mn O4 E01 = 0,56V (1)

MnO4 4 H 3e MnO2 2 H 2O E02 = 1,7V (2)
(2) (1) ta c :
2
MnO4 4 H 2e MnO2 2 H 2O E 03 = ? (3)
G 3 = G 2 G 1
0 0 0

- 2E03F = -3E 02 F E01F

3E 0 2 E 01 3.1,7 0,56
0
E 3= 2,27V
2 2
b. MnO 42- + 2e- + 4H+ MnO2 + 2H2O E01 : 2,27V
2MnO4- + 2e 2MnO42- E02 : 0,56V

3MnO4 2- + 4H+ 2Mn O4 + MnO2 + 2H2O
G03 = G01 G02 = -2E01F (-2E02F) = -2F(E01-E02) <0
Phn ng xy ra theo chiu thun
2( 2,27 0,56)
lg K 57,97
0,059
=> K = 9,25.1057
Cu 36:
nghin cu cn bng sau 25 0C
Cu( r) + 2Fe3+ (dd) Cu2+ (dd) + 2Fe2+ (dd)
ngi ta chun b dung dch CuSO 4 0,5M ; FeSO4 0,025M
a. Cho bit chiu ca phn ng
b. Tnh hng s cn bng phn ng

Fe3
c. T l

Fe 2
c gi tr bao nhiu phn ng i chiu.

E0 Cu2+ /Cu = 0,34V

E0 Fe2+ / Fe = 0,77V
Cu 37:
Cho E0Cr2O72-/2Cr3+ = 1,36V
a. Xt chiu ca phn ng ti pH=0, vit phng trnh phn ng di dng ion v phn t.
b. Cn bng phn ng theo phng php ion-electron
p n
a) Cr2O7 2- oxi ha Fe2+ thnh Fe3+ v b Fe2+ kh v Cr3+ trong mi trng axit.
Cr2O72- + 6Fe2+ + 14H+ -> 6Fe3+ + 2Cr3+ + 7H2O
K2Cr2O7 + 6FeSO4 + 7H2SO4 -> 3Fe2(SO4)3 + Cr2(SO4)3 + K2SO4 + 7H2O
b) Cn bng theo phng php ion electron
Cr2O7 2- + 14H+ + 6e- -> 2Cr3+ + 7H2O
26
 Fe 2+ - e -> Fe3+
Cr2O7 + 14H + 6Fe2+
2- +
-> 2Cr3+ + 6Fe3+ + 7H2O
Cu 38:
Cho phn ng : Cu(r) + CuCl 2(dd) 2 CuCl(r)
0
1. 25 C phn ng xy ra theo chiu no, nu ngi ta trn mt dung dch cha CuSO 4 0,2M;
NaCl 0,4M vi bt Cu ly d ?
Cho T CuCl = 10-7 , E 0 Cu 2 / Cu 0,15V ; E 0 Cu 2 / Cu 0,335V
2. Tnh hng s cn bng K ca phn ng trn 25 0C.
A:
1.bTa c : Cu2+ + 2e = Cu , G1
Cu2+ + 1e = Cu +, G 2
Cu+ + 1e = Cu , G3
G3 G1 G2

1.F .E 0 Cu / Cu 2.F .E 0 Cu 2 / Cu 1.F .E 0 Cu 2 / Cu
E 0 Cu / Cu 2 E 0 Cu 2 / Cu E 0 Cu 2 / Cu
= 2.0,335 - 0,15 = 0,52 V.
Ta c :
[Cu 2 ]
E Cu 2 / Cu E 0 Cu 2 / Cu 0,059 lg
[Cu ]
0,2
0,15 0,059 lg 7 0,498V ( vi [Cu+] = TCuCl/[Cl-] )
10 / 0,4
ECu+/Cu = E0Cu+/Cu + 0,059 lg [Cu+]
= 0,52 + 0,059 lg 10 -7/ 0,4 = 0,13V.
2.Khi cn bng :
0
K1 = 10 n.E / 0,059 = 5,35.10-7
K2 = ( 10-7)-2 = 1014
Vy :
K = K1 . K2 = 5,35.107.

Cu 39:
A l dung dch hn hp CuSO 4 0,1 M v H2SO4 0,05 M.
Tin hnh in phn dung dch A vi anot tr v catot bng Cu. Tng t t hiu in th 2 cc ca
bnh in phn.
Tnh hiu in th ti thiu phi t vo 2 cc ca bnh in phn cho qu trnh in phn xy ra
(gi s HSO4- in li hon ton, khng xt s to thnh H 2O2 v H2S2O8).
Cho bit: Eo(4H+, O2 / 2H2O) = 1,23 V; Eo(Cu2+/Cu) = + 0,34 V
A:
CuSO4 Cu2+ + SO42-
0,1M 0,1M
H2SO4 2H+ + SO42-
0,05M 0,1M
H2O H+ + OH-
Cc qu trnh c th xy ra ti cc in cc:
* Anot (cc dng):
2H2O 4e O2 + 4H+
* Catot (cc m):
Cu2+ + 2e Cu
2H+ + 2e H2
* Tnh E(O2, 4H+ / 2H2O)
O2 + 4e + 4H+ 2H2O
0,059
E(O2, 4H+ / 2H2O) = Eo(O2, 4H+ / 2H2O) + lg[H+ ]4
4
27
 = 1,23 + 0,059.lg0,1
= 1,171 (V)
* Ta c:
0,059
E(Cu 2+/Cu) = 0,34 + lg0,1
2
= 0,311 (V)
E(2H+/H2) = 0,0 + 0,059lg0,1 = - 0,059 (V)
Vy hiu in th ti thiu cn t vo 2 cc ca bnh in phn qu trnh in phn xy ra l:
Emin = 1,171 0,311 = 0,86 (V)
Cu 40:
Cho pin:
2
H2(Pt), p H 2 = 1 atm H 1M MnO 4 1M, Mn 1M, H 1M Pt
Bit rng s ca pin 25 oC l 1,5V.
o
1. Hy cho bit phn ng quy c, phn ng thc t xy ra trong pin v xc nh E MnO
/ Mn 2 .
4

2. Sc in ng ca pin thay i ra sao (xt nh hng nh tnh), nu:

-Thm t NaHCO 3 vo na tri ca pin?
-Thm t FeSO4 vo na phi ca pin?
-Thm t CH3COONa vo na phi ca pin?
A:
1. V S = E pin = +1,51V > 0, cc Pt (bn phi) l cactot, cc hiro (bn tri) l anot, do phn
ng thc t xy ra trong pin s trng vi phn ng quy c.
Catot xy ra qu trnh kh: MnO 4- + 8H+ + 5e D Mn2+ + 4H2O
Anot xy ra qu trnh oxi ha: H 2 2H+ + 2e
Phn ng thc t xy ra: 2MnO 4- + 5H2 + 6H+ 2Mn2+ + 8H2O
V y l pin tiu chun, nn theo quy c:
E opin E o - E o- E o - Eo Eo
MnO 4- / Mn 2 2H / H 2 MnO 4 / Mn 2
o
Vy E MnO E opin 1,51 (V)
4 / Mn 2
2. Khi thm cc cht vo na phi hoc na tri ca pin th lc pin khng cn l pin tiu chun
na.
-Nu thm t NaHCO 3 vo na tri ca pin s xy ra phn ng:
HCO3- + H+ CO2 + H2O

Lm [H ] gim E 2H / H
+

0,0592 H
lg
2
gim.
2 2 p H2

Do : E pin E MnO4 / Mn 2 - E 2H / H2 s tng.

-Tng t, thm t FeSO 4 vo na phi ca pin s xy ra phn ng:
MnO4- + 5Fe2+ + 8H+ Mn2+ + 5Fe3+ + 4H2O
SO42- + H+ HSO4-
Lm cho [MnO 4-] v [H+] gim ; [Mn2+] tng.

E MnO Eo


0,0592 MnO 4 H 8

4

/ Mn 2 MnO 4 / Mn 2

5
lg
Mn 2 gim, do S ca pin gim.

-Nu thm t CH 3COONa vo na phi ca pin s xy ra phn ng:

CH3COO- + H+ CH3COOH
Do [H+] gim, E MnO / Mn 2 gim, do S ca pin s gim.
4

Cu 41:

28
Mot pin ien gom ien cc la mot si day bac nhung vao dung dch
AgNO3 va ien cc kia la mot si day platin nhung vao dung dch muoi
Fe2 va Fe3 .
a) Viet phng trnh phan ng khi pin hoat ong.
b) Tnh sc ien ong cua pin ieu kien chuan.
2 3
c) Neu Ag = 0,1M va Fe = Fe = 1M th phan ng trong pin xay ra
nh the nao?
d) Hay rut ra nhan xet ve anh hng cua nong o chat tan en ga
tr cua the ien cc va chieu hng cua phan ng xay ra trong pin.
0
Biet : EAg / Ag = 0,8V ; E0
Fe2 / Fe
= 0,77V ; E0
Fe2 / Fe
= - 0,44V .
A:
a) Phng trnh phan ng khi pin hoat ong :
Fe2 Ag = Fe3 +Ag r (1)
aq aq aq
b) The cua phan ng (s cua pin) ieu kien chuan :
E0 0 0
pin =E Ag / Ag - E Fe3 / Fe2 =0.8 - (+0,77) =0,03 V
2 3
c) Neu Ag = 0,1M va Fe = Fe = 1M th s cua pin se la :

0, 06 1.101
E pin =E0
pin lg - 0,03V <0
1 1
Phan ng (1) xay ra theo chieu ngc lai :
Fe3 +Ag r = Fe2 Ag (2)
aq aq aq
d) Ket qua tren cho thay :
Fe2 3
- Khi nong o cua Ag = 0,1M va = Fe = 1M th s cua
pin la 0,03V.

- Khi nong o cua Ag giam i 10 lan th the ien cc cua
Ag+/Ag bay gi la :
0, 06 101
EAg / Ag =E0
Ag / Ag
lg 0,8 - 0,06 =0,74V <0
1 1
Va s cua pin se la :
E pin =EAg / Ag - EFe3 / Fe2 =0.74 - (+0,77) =- 0,03 V < 0

Khi nong o cua Ag giam i 10 lan th the ien cc cua Ag +/Ag
nho hn the ien cc cua Fe 3+/ Fe2+ va phan ng xay ra chieu ngc
lai. Vay nong o chat atn co kha nang lam thay oi ca chieu phan
ng.

29