1.6.

KIN TRC 3G WCDMA UMTS R3

WCDMA UMTS R3 h tr c kt ni chuyn mch knh ln chuyn mch

gi: n 384 Mbps trong min CS v 2Mbps trong min PS. Cc kt ni tc cao
ny m bo cung cp mt tp cc dich v mi cho ngi s dng di ng ging
nh trong cc mng in thoi c nh v Internet. Cc dch v ny gm: in
thoi c hnh (Hi ngh video), m thanh cht lng cao (CD) v tc truyn cao
ti u cui. Mt tnh nng khc cng c a ra cng vi GPRS l "lun lun
kt ni" n Internet. UMTS cng cung cp thng tin v tr tt hn v v th h tr
tt hn cc dch v da trn v tr.
Mt mng UMTS bao gm ba phn: thit b di ng (UE: User Equipment),
mng truy nhp v tuyn mt t UMTS (UTRAN: UMTS Terrestrial Radio
Network), mng li (CN: Core Network) (xem hnh 1.8). UE bao gm ba thit b:
thit b u cui (TE), thit b di ng (ME) v module nhn dng thu bao UMTS
(USIM: UMTS Subscriber Identity Module). UTRAN gm cc h thng mng v
tuyn (RNS: Radio Network System) v mi RNS bao gm RNC (Radio Network
Controller: b iu khin mng v tuyn) v cc nt B ni vi n. Mng li CN
bao gm min chuyn mch knh, chuyn mch gi v HE (Home Environment:
Mi trng nh). HE bao gm cc c s d liu: AuC (Authentication Center:
Trung tm nhn thc), HLR (Home Location Register: B ghi nh v thng tr)
v EIR (Equipment Identity Register: B ghi nhn dng thit b).

Hnh 1.8. Kin trc 3G WCDMA UMTS R3

1.6.1. Thit b ngi s dng (UE)

UE (User Equipment: thit b ngi s dng) l u cui mng UMTS ca

ngi s dng. C th ni y l phn h thng c nhiu thit b nht v s pht
trin ca n s nh hng ln ln cc ng dng v cc dch v kh dng. Gi
thnh gim nhanh chng s to iu kin cho ngi s dng mua thit b ca
UMTS. iu ny t c nh tiu chun ha giao din v tuyn v ci t mi tr
tu ti cc card thng minh.

1.6.1.1. Cc u cui (TE)

V my u cui by gi khng ch n thun dnh cho in thoi m cn

cung cp cc dch v s liu mi, nn tn ca n c chuyn thnh u cui. Cc
nh sn xut chnh a ra rt nhiu u cui da trn cc khi nim mi, nhng
trong thc t ch mt s t l c a vo sn xut. Mc d cc u cui d kin
khc nhau v kch thc v thit k, tt c chng u c mn hnh ln v t phm
hn so vi 2G. L do chnh l tng cng s dng u cui cho nhiu dch v
s liu hn v v th u cui tr thnh t hp ca my thoi di ng, modem v
my tnh bn tay.
u cui h tr hai giao din. Giao din Uu nh ngha lin kt v tuyn
(giao din WCDMA). N m nhim ton b kt ni vt l vi mng UMTS. Giao
din th hai l giao din Cu gia UMTS IC card (UICC) v u cui. Giao din
ny tun theo tiu chun cho cc card thng minh.
Mc d cc nh sn xut u cui c rt nhiu tng v thit b, h phi
tun theo mt tp ti thiu cc nh ngha tiu chun cc ngi s dng bng
cc u cui khc nhau c th truy nhp n mt s cc chc nng c s theo cng
mt cch.
Cc tiu chun ny gm:
Bn phm (cc phm vt l hay cc phm o trn mn hnh)
ng k mt khu mi
Thay i m PIN
Gii chn PIN/PIN2 (PUK)
Trnh by IMEI
iu khin cuc gi

Cc phn cn li ca giao din s dnh ring cho nh thit k v ngi s dng

s chn cho mnh u cui da trn hai tiu chun (nu xu th 2G cn ko di) l
thit k v giao din. Giao din l kt hp ca kch c v thng tin do mn hnh
cung cp (mn hnh nt chm), cc phm v menu.

1.6.1.2. UICC
 UMTS IC card l mt card thng minh. iu m ta quan tm n n l
dung lng nh v tc b x l do n cung cp. ng dng USIM chy trn
UICC.

1.6.1.3. USIM

Trong h thng GSM, SIM card lu gi thng tin c nhn (ng k thu
bao) ci cng trn card. iu ny thay i trong UMTS, Modul nhn dng thu
bao UMTS c ci nh mt ng dng trn UICC. iu ny cho php lu nhiu
ng dng hn v nhiu ch k (kha) in t hn cng vi USIM cho cc mc
ch khc (cc m truy nhp giao dch ngn hng an ninh). Ngoi ra c th c
nhiu USIM trn cng mt UICC h tr truy nhp n nhiu mng.
USIM cha cc hm v s liu cn nhn dng v nhn thc thu bao
trong mng UMTS. N c th lu c bn sao h s ca thu bao.
Ngi s dng phi t mnh nhn thc i vi USIM bng cch nhp m
PIN. iu ny m bo rng ch ngi s dng ch thc mi c truy nhp
mng UMTS. Mng s ch cung cp cc dch v cho ngi no s dng u cui
da trn nhn dng USIM c ng k.

1.6.2. Mng truy nhp v tuyn UMTS

UTRAN (UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network: Mng truy nhp v

tuyn mt t UMTS) l lin kt gia ngi s dng v CN. N gm cc phn t
m bo cc cuc truyn thng UMTS trn v tuyn v iu khin chng.
UTRAN c nh ngha gia hai giao din. Giao din Iu gia UTRAN v
CN, gm hai phn: IuPS cho min chuyn mch gi v IuCS cho min chuyn
mch knh; giao din Uu gia UTRAN v thit b ngi s dng. Gia hai giao
din ny l hai nt, RNC v nt B.

1.6.2.1. RNC

RNC (Radio Network Controller) chu trch nhim cho mt hay nhiu trm
gc v iu khin cc ti nguyn ca chng. y cng chnh l im truy nhp
dch v m UTRAN cung cp cho CN. N c ni n CN bng hai kt ni, mt
cho min chuyn mch gi (n GPRS) v mt n min chuyn mch knh
(MSC).
Mt nhim v quan trng na ca RNC l bo v s b mt v ton vn.
Sau th tc nhn thc v tha thun kha, cc kho bo mt v ton vn c t
vo RNC. Sau cc kha ny c s dng bi cc hm an ninh f8 v f9.
 RNC c nhiu chc nng logic ty thuc vo vic n phc v nt no.
Ngi s dng c kt ni vo mt RNC phc v (SRNC: Serving RNC). Khi
ngi s dng chuyn vng n mt RNC khc nhng vn kt ni vi RNC c,
mt RNC tri (DRNC: Drift RNC) s cung cp ti nguyn v tuyn cho ngi s
dng, nhng RNC phc v vn qun l kt ni ca ngi s dng n CN. Vai tr
logic ca SRNC v DRNC c m t trn hnh 1.9. Khi UE trong chuyn giao
mm gia cc RNC, tn ti nhiu kt ni qua Iub v c t nht mt kt ni qua Iur.
Ch mt trong s cc RNC ny (SRNC) l m bo giao din Iu kt ni vi mng
li cn cc RNC khc (DRNC) ch lm nhim v nh tuyn thng tin gia cc Iub
v Iur.
Chc nng cui cng ca RNC l RNC iu khin (CRNC: Control RNC).
Mi nt B c mt RNC iu khin chu trch nhim cho cc ti nguyn v tuyn
ca n.

Hnh 1.9. Vai tr logic ca SRNC v DRNC

1.6.2.2. Nt B

Trong UMTS trm gc c gi l nt B v nhim v ca n l thc hin

kt ni v tuyn vt l gia u cui vi n. N nhn tn hiu trn giao din Iub t
RNC v chuyn n vo tn hiu v tuyn trn giao din Uu. N cng thc hin
mt s thao tc qun l ti nguyn v tuyn c s nh "iu khin cng sut vng
trong". Tnh nng ny phng nga vn gn xa; ngha l nu tt c cc u
cui u pht cng mt cng sut, th cc u cui gn nt B nht s che lp tn
hiu t cc u cui xa. Nt B kim tra cng sut thu t cc u cui khc nhau
v thng bo cho chng gim cng sut hoc tng cng sut sao cho nt B lun
thu c cng sut nh nhau t tt c cc u cui.

1.6.3. Mng li

Mng li (CN) c chia thnh ba phn, min PS, min CS v HE. Min
PS m bo cc dch v s liu cho ngi s dng bng cc kt ni n Internet v
cc mng s liu khc v min CS m bo cc dch v in thoi n cc mng
khc bng cc kt ni TDM. Cc nt B trong CN c kt ni vi nhau bng
ng trc ca nh khai thc, thng s dng cc cng ngh mng tc cao nh
ATM v IP. Mng ng trc trong min CS s dng TDM cn trong min PS s
dng IP.

1.6.3.1. SGSN

SGSN (SGSN: Serving GPRS Support Node: nt h tr GPRS phc v) l

nt chnh ca min chuyn mch gi. N ni n UTRAN thng qua giao din
IuPS v n GGSN thng quan giao din Gn. SGSN chu trch nhim cho tt c
kt ni PS ca tt c cc thu bao. N lu hai kiu d liu thu bao: thng tin ng
k thu bao v thng tin v tr thu bao.

S liu thu bao lu trong SGSN gm:

IMSI (International Mobile Subsscriber Identity: s nhn dng thu bao di
ng quc t)
Cc nhn dng tm thi gi (P-TMSI: Packet- Temporary Mobile Subscriber
Identity: s nhn dng thu bao di ng tm thi gi)
Cc a ch PDP (Packet Data Protocol: Giao thc s liu gi)

S liu v tr lu trn SGSN:

Vng nh tuyn thu bao (RA: Routing Area)
S VLR
Cc a ch GGSN ca tng GGSN c kt ni tch cc

1.6.3.2. GGSN

GGSN (Gateway GPRS Support Node: Nt h tr GPRS cng) l mt

SGSN kt ni vi cc mng s liu khc. Tt c cc cuc truyn thng s liu t
thu bao n cc mng ngoi u qua GGSN. Cng nh SGSN, n lu c hai kiu
s liu: thng tin thu bao v thng tin v tr.

S liu thu bao lu trong GGSN:

IMSI
Cc a ch PDP

S liu v tr lu trong GGSN:

a ch SGSN hin thu bao ang ni n
 GGSN ni n Internet thng qua giao din Gi v n BG thng qua Gp.

1.6.3.3. BG

BG (Border Gatway: Cng bin gii) l mt cng gia min PS ca PLMN

vi cc mng khc. Chc nng ca nt ny ging nh tng la ca Internet:
m bo mng an ninh chng li cc tn cng bn ngoi.

1.6.3.4. VLR

VLR (Visitor Location Register: b ghi nh v tm tr) l bn sao ca HLR

cho mng phc v (SN: Serving Network). D liu thu bao cn thit cung cp
cc dch v thu bao c copy t HLR v lu y. C MSC v SGSN u c
VLR ni vi chng.

S liu sau y c lu trong VLR:

IMSI
MSISDN
TMSI (nu c)
LA hin thi ca thu bao
MSC/SGSN hin thi m thu bao ni n

Ngoi ra VLR c th lu gi thng tin v cc dch v m thu bao c cung

cp.
C SGSN v MSC u c thc hin trn cng mt nt vt l vi VLR v th
c gi l VLR/SGSN v VLR/MSC.

1.6.3.5. MSC

MSC thc hin cc kt ni CS gia u cui v mng. N thc hin cc

chc nng bo hiu v chuyn mch cho cc thu bao trong vng qun l ca
mnh. Chc nng ca MSC trong UMTS ging chc nng MSC trong GSM,
nhng n c nhiu kh nng hn. Cc kt ni CS c thc hin trn giao din CS
gia UTRAN v MSC. Cc MSC c ni n cc mng ngoi qua GMSC.

1.6.3.6. GMSC
 GMSC c th l mt trong s cc MSC. GMSC chu trch nhim thc hin
cc chc nng nh tuyn n vng c MS. Khi mng ngoi tm cch kt ni n
PLMN ca mt nh khai thc, GMSC nhn yu cu thit lp kt ni v hi HLR
v MSC hin thi qun l MS.

1.6.3.7. Mi trng nh

Mi trng nh (HE: Home Environment) lu cc h s thu bao ca hng

khai thc. N cng cung cp cho cc mng phc v (SN: Serving Network) cc
thng tin v thu bao v v cc cn thit nhn thc ngi s dng v tnh
cc cho cc dch v cung cp. Tt c cc dch v c cung cp v cc dch v b
cm u c lit k y.

B ghi nh v thng tr (HLR)

HLR l mt c s d liu c nhim v qun l cc thu bao di ng. Mt

mng di ng c th cha nhiu HLR ty thuc vo s lng thu bao, dung
lng ca tng HLR v t chc bn trong mng.
C s d liu ny cha IMSI (International Mobile Subsscriber Identity: s
nhn dng thu bao di ng quc t), t nht mt MSISDN (Mobile Station ISDN:
s thu bao c trong danh b in thoi) v t nht mt a ch PDP (Packet Data
Protocol: Giao thc s liu gi). C IMSI v MSISDN c th s dng lm kho
truy nhp n cc thng tin c lu khc. nh tuyn v tnh cc cc cuc
gi, HLR cn lu gi thng tin v SGSN v VLR no hin ang chu trch nhim
thu bao. Cc dch v khc nh chuyn hng cuc gi, tc s liu v th thoi
cng c trong danh sch cng vi cc hn ch dch v nh cc hn ch chuyn
mng.
HLR v AuC l hai nt mng logic, nhng thng c thc hin trong
cng mt nt vt l. HLR lu gi mi thng tin v ngi s dng v ng k thu
bao. Nh: thng tin tnh cc, cc dch v no c cung cp v cc dch v no
b t chi v thng tin chuyn hng cuc gi. Nhng thng tin quan trng nht l
hin VLR v SGSN no ang ph trch ngi s dng.

Trung tm nhn thc (AuC)

AUC (Authentication Center) lu gi ton b s liu cn thit nhn thc,

mt m ha v bo v s ton vn thng tin cho ngi s dng. N lin kt vi
HLR v c thc hin cng vi HLR trong cng mt nt vt l. Tuy nhin cn
m bo rng AuC ch cung cp thng tin v cc vect nhn thc (AV:
Authetication Vector) cho HLR.
AuC lu gi kha b mt chia s K cho tng thu bao cng vi tt c cc
hm to kha t f0 n f5. N to ra cc AV, c trong thi gian thc khi
SGSN/VLR yu cu hay khi ti x l thp, ln cc AV d tr.

B ghi nhn dng thit b (EIR)

EIR (Equipment Identity Register) chu trch nhim lu cc s nhn dng

thit b di ng quc t (IMEI: International Mobile Equipment Identity). y l
s nhn dng duy nht cho thit b u cui. C s d liu ny c chia thnh ba
danh mc: danh mc trng, xm v en. Danh mc trng cha cc s IMEI c
php truy nhp mng. Danh mc xm cha IMEI ca cc u cui ang b theo
di cn danh mc en cha cc s IMEI ca cc u cui b cm truy nhp mng.
Khi mt u cui c thng bo l b mt cp, IMEI ca n s b t vo danh
mc en v th n b cm truy nhp mng. Danh mc ny cng c th c s
dng cm cc seri my c bit khng c truy nhp mng khi chng khng
hot ng theo tiu chun.

1.6.4. Cc mng ngoi

Cc mng ngoi khng phi l b phn ca h thng UMTS, nhng chng
cn thit m bo truyn thng gia cc nh khai thc. Cc mng ngoi c th
l cc mng in thoi nh: PLMN (Public Land Mobile Network: mng di ng
mt t cng cng), PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network: Mng in thoi
chuyn mch cng cng), ISDN hay cc mng s liu nh Internet. Min PS kt
ni n cc mng s liu cn min CS ni n cc mng in thoi.
1.6.5. Cc giao din

Vai tr cc cc nt khc nhau ca mng ch c nh ngha thng qua cc

giao din khc nhau. Cc giao din ny c nh ngha cht ch cc nh sn
xut c th kt ni cc phn cng khc nhau ca h.
Giao din Cu. Giao din Cu l giao din chun cho cc card thng minh.
Trong UE y l ni kt ni gia USIM v UE
Giao din Uu. Giao din Uu l giao din v tuyn ca WCDMA trong
UMTS. y l giao din m qua UE truy nhp vo phn c nh ca
mng. Giao din ny nm gia nt B v u cui.
Giao din Iu. Giao din Iu kt ni UTRAN v CN. N gm hai phn, IuPS
cho min chuyn mch gi, IuCS cho min chuyn mch knh. CN c th
kt ni n nhiu UTRAN cho c giao din IuCS v IuPS. Nhng mt
UTRAN ch c th kt ni n mt im truy nhp CN.
 Giao din Iur. y l giao din RNC-RNC. Ban u c thit k m
bo chuyn giao mm gia cc RNC, nhng trong qu trnh pht trin nhiu
tnh nng mi c b sung. Giao din ny m bo bn tnh nng ni bt
sau:
1. Di ng gia cc RNC
2. Lu thng knh ring
3. Lu thng knh chung
4. Qun l ti nguyn ton cc
Giao din Iub. Giao din Iub ni nt B v RNC. Khc vi GSM y l giao
din m.

1.7. KIN TRC 3G WCDMA UMTS R4

Hnh 1.10 cho thy kin trc c s ca 3G UMTS R4. S khc nhau c bn
gia R3 v R4 l ch khi ny mng li l mng phn b v chuyn mch mm.
Thay cho vic c cc MSC chuyn mch knh truyn thng nh kin trc trc,
kin trc chuyn mch phn b v chuyn mch mm c a vo.
V cn bn, MSC c chia thnh MSC server v cng cc phng tin
(MGW: Media Gateway). MSC cha tt c cc phn mm iu khin cuc gi,
qun l di ng c mt MSC tiu chun. Tuy nhin n khng cha ma trn
chuyn mch. Ma trn chuyn mch nm trong MGW c MSC Server iu
khin v c th t xa MSC Server.
 Hnh 1.10. Kin trc mng phn b ca pht hnh 3GPP R4

Bo hiu iu khin cc cuc gi chuyn mch knh c thc hin gia

RNC v MSC Server. ng truyn cho cc cuc gi chuyn mch knh c
thc hin gia RNC v MGW. Thng thng MGW nhn cc cuc gi t RNC v
nh tuyn cc cuc gi ny n ni nhn trn cc ng trc gi. Trong nhiu
trng hp ng trc gi s dng Giao thc truyn ti thi gian thc (RTP: Real
Time Transport Protocol) trn Giao thc Internet (IP). T hnh 1.10 ta thy lu
lng s liu gi t RNC i qua SGSN v t SGSN n GGSN trn mng ng
trc IP. C s liu v ting u c th s dng truyn ti IP bn trong mng li.
y l mng truyn ti hon ton IP.
Ti ni m mt cuc gi cn chuyn n mt mng khc, PSTN chng hn,
s c mt cng cc phng tin khc (MGW) c iu khin bi MSC Server
cng (GMSC server). MGW ny s chuyn ting thoi c ng gi thnh PCM
tiu chun a n PSTN. Nh vy chuyn i m ch cn thc hin ti im
ny. th d, ta gi thit rng nu ting giao din v tuyn c truyn ti tc
12,2 kbps, th tc ny ch phi chuyn vo 64 kbps MGW giao tip vi
PSTN. Truyn ti kiu ny cho php tit kim ng k rng bng tn nht l khi
cc MGW cch xa nhau.
Giao thc iu khin gia MSC Server hoc GMSC Server vi MGW l
giao thc ITU H.248. Giao thc ny c ITU v IETF cng tc pht trin. N c
tn l iu khin cng cc phng tin (MEGACO: Media Gateway Control).
Giao thc iu khin cuc gi gia MSC Server v GMSC Server c th l mt
giao thc iu khin cuc gi bt k. 3GPP ngh s dng (khng bt buc) giao
thc iu khin cuc gi c lp vt mang (BICC: Bearer Independent Call
Control) c xy dng trn c s khuyn ngh Q.1902 ca ITU.
Trong nhiu trng hp MSC Server h tr c cc chc nng ca GMSC
Server. Ngoi ra MGW c kh nng giao din vi c RAN v PSTN. Khi ny cuc
gi n hoc t PSTN c th chuyn ni ht, nh vy c th tit kim ng k u
t.
lm th d ta xt trng hp khi mt RNC c t ti thnh ph A v
c iu khin bi mt MSC t ti thnh ph B. Gi s thu bao thnh ph A
thc hin cuc gi ni ht. Nu khng c cu trc phn b, cuc gi cn chuyn t
thnh ph A n thnh ph B (ni c MSC) u ni vi thu bao PSTN ti
chnh thnh ph A. Vi cu trc phn b, cuc gi c th c iu khin ti MSC
Server thnh ph B nhng ng truyn cc phng tin thc t c th vn
thnh ph A, nh vy gim ng k yu cu truyn dn v gi thnh khai thc
mng.
T hnh 1.10 ta cng thy rng HLR cng c th c gi l Server thu bao
ti nh (HSS: Home Subscriber Server). HSS v HLR c chc nng tng ng,
ngoi tr giao din vi HSS l giao din trn c s truyn ti gi (IP chng hn)
trong khi HLR s dng giao din trn c s bo hiu s 7. Ngoi ra cn c cc
giao din (khng c trn hnh v) gia SGSN vi HLR/HSS v gia GGSN vi
HLR/HSS.
Rt nhiu giao thc c s dng bn trong mng li l cc giao thc trn c
s gi s dng hoc IP hoc ATM. Tuy nhin mng phi giao din vi cc mng
truyn thng qua vic s dng cc cng cc phng tin. Ngoi ra mng cng phi
giao din vi cc mng SS7 tiu chun. Giao din ny c thc hin thng qua
cng SS7 (SS7 GW). y l cng m mt pha n h tr truyn ti bn tin SS7
trn ng truyn ti SS7 tiu chun, pha kia n truyn ti cc bn tin ng dng
SS7 trn mng gi (IP chng hn). Cc thc th nh MSC Server, GMSC Server
v HSS lin lc vi cng SS7 bng cch s dng cc giao thc truyn ti c
thit k c bit mang cc bn tin SS7 mng IP. B giao thc ny c gi l
Sigtran.

1.8. KIN TRC 3G WCDMA UMTS R5 v R6

Bc pht trin tip theo ca UMTS l a ra kin trc mng a phng tin
IP (hnh 1.11). Bc pht trin ny th hin s thay i ton b m hnh cuc gi.
y c ting v s liu c x l ging nhau trn ton b ng truyn t u
cui ca ngi s dng n ni nhn cui cng. C th coi kin trc ny l s hi
t ton din ca ting v s liu.
 Hnh 1.11. Kin trc mng 3GPP R5 v R6
im mi ca R5 v R6 l n a ra mt min mi c gi l phn h a
phng tin IP (IMS: IP Multimedia Subsystem). y l mt min mng IP c
thit k h tr cc dch v a phng tin thi gian thc IP. T hnh 1.11 ta
thy ting v s liu khng cn cc giao din cch bit; ch c mt giao din Iu
duy nht mang tt c phng tin. Trong mng li giao din ny kt cui ti SGSN
v khng c MGW ring.
Phn h a phng tin IP (IMS) cha cc phn t sau: Chc nng iu
khin trng thi kt ni (CSCF: Connection State Control Function), Chc nng
ti nguyn a phng tin (MRF: Multimedia Resource Function), chc nng iu
khin cng cc phng tin (MGCF: Media Gateway Control Function), Cng
bo hiu truyn ti (T-SGW: Transport Signalling Gateway) v Cng bo hiu
chuyn mng (R-SGW: Roaming Signalling Gateway).
Mt nt quan trng ca kin trc ton IP l thit b ca ngi s dng c
tng cng rt nhiu. Nhiu phn mm c ci t UE. Trong thc t, UE h
tr giao thc khi u phin (SIP: Session Initiation Protocol). UE tr thnh mt
tc nhn ca ngi s dng SIP. Nh vy, UE c kh nng iu khin cc dch v
ln hn trc rt nhiu.
CSCF qun l vic thit lp , duy tr v gii phng cc phin a phng tin
n v t ngi s dng. N bao gm cc chc nng nh: phin dch v nh
tuyn. CSCF hot ng nh mt i din Server /h tch vin.
 SGSN v GGSN l cc phin bn tng cng ca cc nt c s dng
GPRS v UMTS R3 v R4. im khc nhau duy nht l ch cc nt ny khng
ch h tr dch v s liu gi m c dch v chuyn mch knh (ting chng hn).
V th cn h tr cc kh nng cht lng dch v (QoS) hoc bn trong SGSN v
GGSN hoc t nht cc Router kt ni trc tip vi chng.
Chc nng ti nguyn a phng tin (MRF) l chc nng lp cu hi nghi
c s dng h tr cc tnh nng nh t chc cuc gi nhiu pha v dch v
hi ngh .
Cng bo hiu truyn ti (T-SGW) l mt cng bo hiu SS7 m bo
tng tc SS7 vi cc mng tiu chun ngoi nh PSTN. T-SGW h tr cc giao
thc Sigtran. Cng bo hiu chuyn mng (R-SGW) l mt nt m bo tng tc
bo hiu vi cc mng di ng hin c s dng SS7 tiu chun. Trong nhiu
trng hp T-SGW v R-SGW cng tn ti trn cng mt nn tng.
MGW thc hin tng tc vi cc mng ngoi mc ng truyn a
phng tin. MGW kin trc mng ca UMTS R5 c chc nng ging nh
R4. MGW c iu khin bi Chc nng cng iu khin cc phng tin
(MGCF). Giao thc iu khin gia cc thc th ny l ITU-T H.248.
MGCF cng lin lc vi CSCF. Giao thc c chn cho giao din ny l
SIP.
Tuy nhin c th nhiu nh khai thc vn s dng n kt hp vi cc min
chuyn mch knh trong R3 v R4. iu ny cho php chuyn i dn dn t cc
phin bn R3 v R4 sang R5. Mt s cc cuc gi thoi c th vn s dng min
CS mt s cc dch v khc chng hn video c th c thc hin qua R5 IMS.
Cu hnh lai ghp c th hin trn hnh 1.12.

Hnh 1.12. Chuyn i dn t R4 sang R5