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Dieu Khien Logic3
Dieu Khien Logic3
GIO TRNH MN HC IU
KHIN LOGIC
Lm Tng c
Nguyn Kim nh
Hm o Y2 1 0 Y2 = x
Y3 = 1 Hm lun
Hm n v Y3 1 1 bng 1
Y3 = x + x
B 0.2_ Hm logic hai bin y = f(x1 ,x2 )
Hm hai bin, mi bin nhn hai gi tr 0 &1, nn c 16 gi tr ca hm t y0 y15.
Hm cm Y2 0 0 1 0 Y2 = x 1 . x 2
x1
Hm lp
Y3 0 0 1 1 Y3 = x 1
x1
Hm cm
Y4 0 1 0 0 Y4 = x 1. x2
x2
Hm lp
Y5 0 0 1 1 Y5 = x 2
x2
Y6 = x 1. x2+
Hm hoc Cng
Y6 0 1 1 0 x1 . x 2
loi tr module
Y6 =x1 x2
Hm hoc Y7 0 1 1 1 Y7 = x 1 + x 2
Hm piec Y8 1 0 0 0 Y8 = x 1 . x 2
Hm cng
Y9 0 1 1 1 Y9= x 1 x 2
du
Hm o
Y10 1 1 0 0 Y10 = x 1
x1
Hm ko
Y11 1 0 1 1 Y11 = x 2 + x1
theo x1
Hm o
Y12 1 0 1 0 Y12 = x 2
x2
Hm ko
Y13 1 1 0 1 Y13 = x 1 + x2
theo x2
Hm
Y14 1 1 1 0 Y14 = x 1 + x 2
cheffer
Hm n
Y15 1 1 1 1 Y15 = x 1 +x1
v
x1 x1 x1 x1
0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
x2 x2 x2 x2
0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0
Y15 = 1 Y14 = x 1 + x 2 Y13 = x 1 + x2 Y12 = x 2
x1 x1 x1 x1
0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
x2 x2 x2 x2
0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1
1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1
Y11 = x 2 + x1 Y10 = x 1 Y9= x 1 x 2 Y8 = x 1 . x 2
x1 x1 x1 x1
0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
x2 x2 x2 x2
0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1
1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1
Y7 = x 1 + x 2 Y6 =x1 x2 Y5 = x 2 Y4 = x 1. x2
x1 x1 x1 x1
0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
x2 x2 x2 x2
0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0
1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0
Y3 = x 1 Y2 = x 1 . x 2 Y1 = x1.x2 Y0 = 0
* Ta thy rng: cc hm i xng nhau qua trc (y7 v y8 ) ngha l: y0 = y 15, y1 = y 14,
y2 = y 13
* Hm logic n bin: y = f(x1,x2,x3,..,xn).
1 bin nhn 21 gi tr n bin nnhn 2n gi tr; m mt t hp nhn 2 gi tr
Do vy hm c tt c l 2 2 . 1
V d: 1 bin to 4 hm 2 2 2
2 bin to 16 hm 2 2 3
3 bin to 256 hm 2 2
Kh nng to hm rt ln nu s bin cng nhiu.
Tuy nhin tt c kh nng ny u c hin qua cc hm sau:
Tng logic
Nghch o logic
Tch logic
A( A + B ) = A .B
(A+B)( A + B ) = B
(A+B)(A + C ) = A +BC
AB+ A C + BC = AB+ A C
(A+B)( A + C )(B +C) =(A+B)( A + C )
Cc biu thc ny vn dng tinh gin cc biu thc logic, chng
khng ging nh i s thng.
Cch kim chng n gin v p dng nht chng minh l thnh
lp bng s tht.
0.3. Cc phng php biu din hm logic:
0.3.1. Phng php biu din thnh bng:
* Nu hm c n bin th bng c n+1 ct .( n ct cho bin & 1 ct cho hm )
* 2n hng tng ng vi 2n t hp bin.
Bng ny gi l bng s tht hay l bng chn l.
V d:
Trong nh c 3 cng tc A,B,C.Ch nh mun n chiu sng khi cng tc A,
B, C u h hoc A ng B, C h hoc A h B ng C h .
Vi gi tr ca hm y cho trn ta biu din thnh bng nh sau:
Cng tc n n
A B C Y
0 0 0 1 sng
0 0 1 0
0 1 0 1 sng
0 1 1 0
1 0 0 1 sng
1 0 1 0
1 1 0 0
1 1 1 0
10 11
x2
00 01
X2
010 110
011
111
X1
000 100
001
101
X3
Cng tc n n
A B C Y
0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 1 1
2 0 1 0 x
3 0 1 1 1
4 1 0 0 1
5 1 0 1 x
6 1 1 0 0
7 1 1 1 1
f = 1, 3 ,4 ,7
Vi N =2 ,5 (cc th t t hp bin m khng xc nh )
b) Cch vit di dng tch /chun y ( hi tc tuyn ):
- Ch quan tm n t hp bin hm c gi tr ca hm bng 0.
- Trong mi tng bin xi = 0 th gi nguyn xi = 1 th o bin xi .
- Hm tch chun y s l tch cc tng , t bng trn hm Y tng ng 2 t hp
gi tr cc bin: A+B+C = 0 +0 +0, 1 +1 +0
A +B +C, A + B +C
Y =( A +B +C )( A + B +C )
* n gin trong cch trnh by ta vit li:
f = (0,6)
Vi N =2 ,5 (cc th t t hp bin m khng xc nh ).
0.3.4. Phng php biu din bng bng Karnaugh:
- Bng c dng hnh ch nht, n bin 2n mi tng ng vi gi tr ca 1
t hp bin.
- Gi tr cc bin c sp xp theo th t theo m vng (nu khng th khng
cn l bng Karnaugh na!).
*Vi iu s lc v m vng:
Gi s cho s nh phn l B1B2B3B4 G3G2G1G0 (m vng)
th c th tnh nh sau: Gi = Bi+1 Bi
V d: G0 = B1 B0 = B1 B0 +B1 B0
G1 = B2 B1 = B2 B1 +B2 B1
G2 = B3 B2 = B3 B2 +B3 B2
G3 = B4 B3 = 0 B3 =1.B3 +0. B3 = B3
x2 x2 x3 x3 x4
0 1 00 01 11 00 00 01 11 10
x1 x1 x1x2
0 0 00
1 1 01
11
10
x 3 x 4x 5
x 1x 2 000 001 011 010 110 111 101 100
00
01
11
10
x 4x 5x 6
000 001 011 010 110 111 101 100
x1x2 x3
000
001
011
010
110
111
101
100
Phng php 1 :
y = a ( b c + a) + (b + c )a b = a b c + a + ba b + c a b = a
hoc y = a ( b c + a) + (b + c )a b = a b c + a(b+ b )(c+ c )+a b c
= a b c + abc + ab c + a b c + a b c +a b c
m5 m7 m6 m5 m4 m4
(Phng php 2: dng bng s cp phn sau)
V d 1:
V d 2:
V d 3:
V d 4:
V d 5:
m
W < 2% W 2%
Nhit
t0 20oC - + + - - +
oC 0 oC
20 > t >10 + - + - + -
0 oC
t < 10 + + + + - -
Thit b chp
L1 L2 S L1 L2 S
hnh
L L1 L L2 Ca s L L1 L L2 Ca s
A B C L1 L2 S
0 0 0 1 1 1
0 0 1 1 0 0
0 1 0 x x x
0 1 1 x x x
1 0 0 1 0 1
1 0 1 0 1 0
1 1 0 0 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1
Lp bng Karnaugh cho ba hm L1 ,L2 ,S
L1 = B . C + A ; L2 = A C +A B C + B C ; S = B + C
0.4.3. Phng php ti thiu hm logic bng thut ton Quire MC.Cluskey:
a) Mt s nh ngha:
+ L tch y ca cc bin.
- nh 1 l hm c gi tr bng 1.
- nh 0 l hm c gi tr bng 0.
- nh khng xc nh l hm c gi tr khng xc nh x (0 hoc1).
+ Tch cc tiu: tch c s bin l cc tiu (t bin tham gia nht) hm c gi
tr bng 1 hoc l khng xc nh x.
+ Tch quan trng: l tch cc tiu hm c gi tr bng 1 tch ny.
V d: Cho hm f(x1,x2,x3) c L = 2,3,7 (tch quan trng)
N =1,6 (tch cc tiu)
C th nh du theo nh phn hoc thp phn.
b) Cc bc tin hnh:
Bc 1: Tm cc tch cc tiu
(1) Lp bng biu din cc gi tr hm bng 1 v cc gi tr khng xc nh x
ng vi m nh phn ca cc bin.
(2) Sp xp cc t hp theo th t tng dn (0,1,2,...), t hp gm:
1 ch s 1
2 ch s 1
3 ch s 1
(3) So snh t hp th i v i+1 & p dng tnh cht xy +x y = x. Thay bng
du - & nh du v vo hai t hp c.
(4) Tin hnh tng t nh (3).
Bt u
Cho hm vi tp L&N
3. Vit ra cc hm cc tiu
Kt thc
*Tip tc v d trn: ( Bc 2)
L0 = (2,3,7,12,14,15)
Z0 =( x1 x3,x2x3,x1x2 )
Tm E0 ?
Lp bng E0:
L0
Z0 2 3 7 12 14 15
x1 x3 (x) (x) x
x2x3 x x x
x1x2 x x
2) f (x1x2x3x4) = [2,3,7,12,14,15(6,13)]
3) f (x1x2x3x4) = [0,2,3,10,11,14,15]
4) f (x1x2x3x4) = [1,6,(3,5,7,12,13,14,15)]
5) f (x1x2x3x4) = [(3,5,12,13,14,15),6,9,11]
6) f (x1x2x3x4) = [0,2,3,4,6]
(*)n gin biu thc sau dng bng Karnaugh:
1) f = x1 x 2 x3 +x1x2 x3 + x1x2 x3+ x1 x 2 x3
2) f = x1 x 2 x3 + x1 x 2 x3 + x1 x2 x3+ x1 x 2 x3
3) f = x1 x 2 x3 x 4 + x1 x2 x3 x 4 + x1 x 2 x3 x 4 + x1 x2x3 +x1 x 2 x3 x 4 +x1 x 2 x3 x4
+ x1 x 2 x3 x 4
4) f = ( x3 + x 4 )+ x 1 x3 x 4 +x1 x 2 x3 + x1 x 2 x3x4 +x1x3 x 4
(*)
1) Mch iu khin my photocopy c 4 ng vo & 1 ng ra. Cc ng vo n cc
cng tc nm dc theo ng di chuyn ca giy. Bnh thng cng tc h v cc ng
vo A, B, C, D c gi mc cao. Khi giy chy qua mt cng tc th n ng v
ng vo tng ng xung thp. Hai cng tc ni n A & D khng bao gi ng cng
lc (giy ngn hn khong cch gia hai cng tc ny). Thit k mch c ng ra ln
cao mi khi c hai hoc ba cng tc ng cng lc, cng bn k v li dng cc t
hp khng cn quan tm .
l thp khi khng c xe v cao khi c xe n giao thng c kim sot theo quy lut
sau:
a) n xanh cho trc l chnh mi khi c hai li D & C.
b) n xanh cho trc l chnh mi khi li C hoc D c xe nhng c hai li A
& B khng c xe.
c) n xanh cho trc l ph mi khi li A hoc B c xe nhng trong khi c hai
li C & D khng c xe.
d) n xanh cho trc l chnh khi cc li u khng c xe. Cc ng ra ca cm
bin l cc ng vo ca mch iu khin n giao thng. Mch c ng ra T
lm n trc l chnh xanh khi ln cao v ng ra P lm n trc l chnh
xanh khi n gin biu thc ti a trc khi thc hin mch.
(*) Bi tp dng gin xung:
a 0 0 1 10 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0
b 0 1 1 0 00 0 1 1 1 00 0
b 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 00 0 1 1 1
c 0 1 1 1 00 0 0 1 1 1 1 1
1) y = a b c +ab
2) y = ab+ ac +b c
3) S = a1 + b a 2 a3 + b ( a1 a2 + a3)
- Tin hnh thay gi tr logic (0 ,1) cho trng thi ta c bng chn l.
V d:
Kha A B C
Kha B Kha C
A 0 0 0
Ngt Ngt Tt 0 1 0
Ngt ng Tt 1 0 0
ng Ngt Tt 1 1 1
ng ng Sng
A A
A
Y B B
B
Y Y
B ln
ln cao c AA A ln
cao trtrc ln cao
caotrtrc
c BB
Hnh 1.7: Nguyn l lm viYc ca FF_JK
R
1.6. Mt s phn t nh
trong mch trnh t: S
1. Rle thi gian:
T
S1L S2L
S3L
Hnh 1.8: S relay thi gian
Bin son: Lm Tng c - Nguyn Kim nh 19
Chng 1: Mch t hp v mch trnh t B mn T ng - o Lng _ Khoa in
Q'n+1=TQ
V d ta c bng sau:
Bin(x)
Trng
thi(S)
S1 S2/1 S4/1 S3/0
S2 S4/1 S2/0 S4/1
S3 S1/1 S1/1 S1/1
S4 S3/1 S4/0 S2/0
S5 S5/0 S3/0 S4/0
0 (+)/1
0 0
/1 4
3
0
0
5
/0
Q1/0 Q2/0 Q3/0 Q4/0
)
+
+
(+)
(
Q7/1
Q8/1
Q5/1 Q6/1
(+)
(++)
Tn hiu
vo Cu trc
iu khin Qu trnh
trnh t
+ T = {t1, t2, t3, ... ti} l tp hu hn cc chuyn trng thi, biu din bng du gch
ngang. Gia hai trng thi lun tn ti mt chuyn trng thi, chuyn trng thi ny
c dng hm Bool gn vi mt chuyn trng thi mt tip nhn .
Vic thc hin chuyn trng thi tj hnh 1.14 c thc
tj hin bi tch Ev.a. c , trong Ev l bin c trng cho s
Ev.a. c
hot ng trng thi Ev, cn a, c l cc bin vo. iu kin
chuyn trng thi tj l tj = Ev.a. c .
Hnh 1.14
+ A = {a1, a2, a3, ... ai} l tp cc cung nh hng ni gia 1 trng thi vi 1 chuyn
trng thi hoc 1 chuyn trng thi vi mt trng thi.
+ M = {m1, m2, m3, ... mi} l tp cc gi tr (0,1). Nu mi = 1 th trng thi i l hot
ng, ngc li trng thi i khng hot ng.
1.8.3. Mt s k hiu dng trong Grafcet:
a) Hnh vung c nh s nh hnh 1.16 a), b) biu th trng thi; hnh ch nht
bn phi dng m t hot ng ca trng thi .
b) Hai hnh ch nht lng vo nhau c nh s, biu th trng thi khi u.
c) Hnh vung nh s c km theo du chm . biu th trng thi hot ng.
a) b)
c) d)
Hnh 1.16
a, b k hiu trng thi ; c trng thi khi u; d trng thi hot ng
3 5 7 9
b c d t/q/2s
4 6 8 10
a) b) c) d)
Hnh 1.17
1
7 8
t79 t89
t12 t13
2 3
9
a) OR b) OR
1
7 8
t123
t789
2 3
9
c) AND d) AND
Hnh 1.18
d) Du gch ngang biu th cho vic chuyn trng thi. Trng thi c chuyn
khi iu kin chuyn c tho mn. Xem hnh 1.17
e) Cc k hiu phn nhnh hnh 1.18:
Hnh 1.18 a) khi TT1 ang hot ng nu t12 tho mn th TT2 hot ng; nu
t13 tho mn th TT3 hot ng; nu t12 v t13 cng tho mn th TT2 v TT3
cng hot ng gi l TT OR. Tng t cho hnh 1.18 b).
Hnh 1.18 c) TT1 ang hot ng nu t123 tho mn th c hai TT2 v TT3 hot
ng gi l trng thi AND.
Hnh 1.18 d) TT7 v TT8 ang hot ng nu t789 tho mn th TT9 hot ng
trng thi ny gi l TT AND.
f) Hnh 1.19 a) cho php thc hin bc nhy, nu ang hot ng TT2, iu
kin a tho mn th h thng s chuyn hot ng t TT2 sang TT5 b qua TT3
v TT4; ngc li nu a khng tho mn th cc trng thi 3, 4, 5 ln lt s
c thc hin.
2 6
a a d
3 7
b e
4 8
c f
5 9
a) b)
Hnh 1.19
Hnh 1.19 b) nu iu kin f cha tho mn th TT8 s quay v li TT7, nu f tho mn
th TT8 mi chuyn sang TT9.
1.8.4. ng dng Grafcet:
Ta xt mt v d c th m t hot ng ca h thng t ng iu khin qu
trnh. H thng trn c s cng ngh hnh 1.20. Thng X dng cha nc
chun b cho h thng trn. Trc khi ng c M ko cnh khuy trn yu cu
thng Y phi c nc; cn 1 v 2 cn vt liu; lc ng c M khi ng cnh
khuy cng l lc hai bng ti C1, C2 c khi ng a hai vt liu A, B vo
thng trng Y.
V2
1
V4 V3
2
C1 V5
P C2
V1
Nlim
Nma
x
M Nmin
Ev Sn phm ra
Y
S cu trc ca h thng:
M
AU P
C1
AUTT C2
V1
REP Cu trc ca V2 Cc thit b
h iu khin ca qu trnh
V3
V4
V5
Ev
Nlim
Nmax
Nmin
A
B
y:
M, P, C1, C2, V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, Ev l bin iu khin qu trnh: AUT, AU, REP.
A, B, Nmin, Nmax, Nlim l tn hiu qu trnh a v iu khin trng thi.
Vi v d c th ny chng ta cn lu n hai phng thc iu khin sau:
1. Phng thc lm vic t ng theo chu k. Chu k y l chu k trn, ngha
l h thng thc hin xong mi m trn. Mt m trn c bt u bng tn
hiu iu khin AUT (iu kin bt u l P, M, V1, V2... trng thi cha lm
vic).
2. Phng thc kho khi c s c, khi c s c ngu nhin th h thng phi c
dng khn cp bng lnh AU. Lc ny phi cht li ngay kt qu ang x l,
n khi no s c c khc phc xong th c hot ng theo trnh t t li
bng lnh REP vi vic tnh n hoc khng tnh n iu kin khi ng ban
u.
Ban u chng ta bt u i vo thit k h thng cha c lnh AU v REP tham gia,
l Grafcet hnh 1.22. Trng thi khi u trong trng hp ny l TT1. Gi s cc
iu kin u l thng mc min, c cu chp, hnh trng thi tt (sn sng lm
vic)
th trng thi 2, 3, 4 c thc hin (van V1 m, bm P quay, van V2, V3 m a vt
liu xung cn 1, 2). Khi nc trong thng dng ln n mc max (Nmax) th h thng
chuyn sang trng thi 5. Khi khi lng trn cn 1 (tn hiu bo A), khi lng
trn cn 2 (tn hiu bo B) th h thng chun sang trng thi 6, 7. Trng thi 5, 6, 7
biu hin cho nguyn liu trong mt m trn chun b xong. Khi cc iu kin Nmax,
A, B tha mn th h thng s chuyn sang trng thi 8, tng ng ng c trn M
hot ng, thi gian t2 c tnh, van V4, V5 m, bng ti C1, C2 hot ng. Khi x ht
liu trn hai cn 1, 2 th van V1, V2 dng v thi gian t1 c tnh hai bng ti chy
thm 1 thi gian na (t1). Sau thi gian ny bng ti dng v tn hiu Ft1 xut hin v
h thng chuyn sang trng thi 9, ti y M vn cn hot ng n khi thi gian t2 kt
thc h thng s chuyn v trng thi ngh chun b cho chu k tip theo.
AU_Nmin 10
Mmin
REP_ AU AU
P, V1 2 3 V2 4 V3
Nmax A B 11
5 6 7
Ft1
9 M, t2
Ft2
Hnh 1.22
Hnh 1.22 b) xt cho trng hp s c v khc phc xong s c tin hnh chy
li h thng.
AU_Nmin.M10 10
Mmin.M10
REP. AU AU
2 P, V1 3 V2.M10 4 V3.M10
5 6 7
M10
Nmin.M10 Ft1.M10
15 16
Hnh 1.23
15
AU .REP 14
14 REP.M14
Ev:M14 15 15 C1,C2,t1:M14
M14.Nmin Ft1.M14
15 15
AUT.M14.Nlim
M14
AU
M,V4,V5,C1,C2,t1 15
F1. AU
AU
M,t2 15
F2. AU
Hnh 1.24
kh nng iu khin thit b d dng v linh hot da trn vic lp trnh trn cc lnh
logic c bn; kh nng nh thi, m; gii quyt cc vn ton hc v cng ngh;
kh nng to lp, gi i, tip nhn nhng tn hiu nhm mc ch kim sot s kch
hot hoc nh ch nhng chc nng ca my hoc mt dy chuyn cng ngh.
Nh vy nhng c im lm cho PLC c tnh nng u vit v thch hp trong
mi trng cng nghip:
Kh nng khng nhiu rt tt.
Cu trc dng module rt thun tin cho vic thit k, m rng, ci to nng
cp...
C nhng modul chuyn dng thc hin nhng chc nng c bit hay
nhng modul truyn thng kt ni PLC vi mng cng nghip hoc mng
Internet...
Kh nng lp trnh c, lp trnh d dng cng l c im quan trng xp
hng mt h thng iu khin t ng .
Yu cu ca ngi lp trnh khng cn gii v kin thc in t m ch cn
nm vng cng ngh sn xut v bit chn thit b thch hp l c th lp trnh
c.
Thuc vo h sn xut linh hot do tnh thay i c chng trnh hoc thay
i trc tip cc thng s m khng cn thay i li chng trnh.
Panel lp B nh Khi ng vo
trnh, vn chng
hnh, trnh Qun
gim st. n v l
B nh x l
d liu vic
trung tm phi
ghp
Ngun Khi ng ra
Tp xc vt l B nh kh lp trnh
2. Cng tc chn ch :
Cng tc chn ch RUN: Cho php PLC thc hin chng trnh, khi
chng trnh gp li hoc gp lnh STOP th PLC s t ng chuyn sang ch
STOP mc d cng tc vn ch RUN (nn quan st n trng thi).
Cng tc chn ch STOP: Khi chuyn sang ch STOP, dng cng bc
chng trnh ang chy, cc tn hiu ra lc ny u v off.
Cng tc chn ch TERM: cho php ngi vn hnh chn mt trong hai
ch RUN/STOP t xa, ngoi ra ch ny c dng download chng
trnh ngi dng.
3. Vt chnh nh tng t: Mi CPU c t 1 n 2 vt chnh nh tng t, c th xoay
c mt gc 270, dng thay i gi tr ca bin s dng trong chng trnh.
4. Pin v ngun nui b nh: S dng t vn nng v pin. Khi nng lng ca t b cn
kit PLC s t ng chuyn sang s dng nng lng t pin.
2.6.2. Giao tip vi thit b ngoi vi:
a) Thit b lp trnh loi PGxx c trang b sn phn mm lp trnh, ch lp trnh c
vi ngn ng STL.
b) My tnh PC: H iu hnh Win 95/98/ME/2000/NT4.x.
Trn c ci t phn mm Step7 Micro/Win 32 v Step7 Micro/Dos. Hin nay hu
ht s dng Step7 Mcro/Win 32 version 3.0, 3.2, 4.0. V4.0 cho php ngi lp trnh c
th xem c gi tr, trng thi cng nh th ca cc bin. Nhng ch s dng c
trn my tnh c ci t h iu hnh Window 2000/ WinNT v PLC loi version mi
nht hin nay. Sau y l cch ci t v giao tip gia PC-PLC:
Hnh 2.7: Giao tip gia PC/PG vi PLC thng qua PC/PPI cable
Sau khi tin hnh lp t phn cng xong, ta tin hnh thit lp truyn thng gia
PC/PG vi PLC. l thit lp tc , s bit d liu truyn/nhn, bit chn l, cng
COM, a ch PLC, thi gian Time out... c tin hnh nh sau:
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
VW180
VB180 (byte cao) VB181(byte thp)
Tt c cc byte thuc vng d liu u c th truy nhp bng con tr. Con tr
quy nh trong vng nh V, L hoc cc thanh ghi AC1, AC2, AC3. Mi con tr gm
4 byte, dng lnh MOVD. Quy c s dng con tr truy nhp nh sau:
Truy nhp con tr a ch:
&a ch byte (cao) l ton hng ly a ch ca byte, t hoc t kp m con tr ang
ch vo. V d:
- AC1=&VB10, thanh ghi AC1 cha i ch ca byte 10 thuc vng nh V.
- VD100=&VW110, t kp VD100 cha a ch byte cao (VB110) ca t n
VW110.
- AC2=&VD150, thanh ghi AC2 cha a ch ca byte cao (VB150) ca t
kp VD150.
Truy nhp con tr d liu:
*con tr d liu l ton hng ly ni dung ca byte, t hoc t kp m con tr
ang ch vo. V d nh i php gn a ch trn th:
- *AC1 = VB10, ly ni dung ca byte VB10.
- *VD100 = VW110, ly ni dung ca t n VW110.
- *AC1 = VD150, ly ni dung ca t kp VD150.
Php gn a ch v s dng con tr nh trn cng c tc dng vi nhng
thanh ghi 16 bit ca Timer, b m thuc vng i tng hay cc vng nh I, Q, V, M,
AI, AQ, SM.
AC1
VB109 a ch VW110 MOVD &VW110, AC1 to con tr a ch bng cch
VB110 1 2 a a ch ca byte cao VB110 vo thanh ghi AC1.
VB111 3 4 AC0
VB112 5 6 MOVD *AC1, AC0, a gi tr trong word VW110
VB113 7 8 1 2 3 4
vo trong thanh ghi AC0.
AC1
VB109 a ch VW112 +D +2, AC1 cng 2 vo gi tr a ch ca con tr
VB110 1 2 VW110 ri lu gi trong thanh ghi AC1.
VB111 3 4
VB112 5 6 MOVD *AC1, AC0, a gi tr trong word VW112
VB113 7 8 AC0 vo trong thanh ghi AC0.
5 6 7 8
Thng h
+ Cun dy (coil): ( )
+ Hp (box): M t cc hm khc nhau, n lm vic khi c tn hiu a n
hp. C cc nhm hp sau: hp cc b nh thi, hp cc b m, hp di chuyn
d liu, hp cc hm ton hc, hp trong truyn thng mng...
+ Mng LAD: L mch ni cc phn t thnh mt mng hon thin, cc phn t
nh cun dy hoc cc hp phi c mc ng chiu. Ngun in c hai
ng chnh, mt ng bn tri th hin dy nng, mt ng bn phi l dy
trung tnh (neutral) nhng khng c th hin trn giao din lp trnh. Mt
mch lm vic c khi cc phn t c mc ng chiu v kn mch.
3.1.2. nh ngha v STL: L phng php th hin chng trnh di dng tp hp
cc cu lnh. to ra mt chng trnh bng STL, ngi lp trnh cn phi hiu r
phng thc s dng 9 bit trong ngn xp (stack) logic ca S7 200.
Ngn xp l mt khi 9 bit chng ln nhau t S0S8, nhng tt c cc thut ton
lin quan n ngn xp u lm vic vi bit u tin v bit th hai (S0 v S1) ca
ngn xp. gi tr logic mi c th c gi hoc ni thm vo ngn xp. Hai bit S0 v
S1 phi hp vi nhau th ngn xp c ko ln mt bit.
Ngn xp ca S7 200 (logic stack):
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
3
2
2
Hnh 3.5: M t cy lnh can thip vo thi gian h thng
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Hnh 3.7: M t cy lnh so snh
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Hnh 3.10: M t cy lnh cc b nh thi
2
2
2
2
2
Hnh 3.11: M t cy lnh iu khin ngt
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Hnh 3.12: M t cy lnh hc kiu Floating-Point
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Hnh 3.14: M t cy lnh php tnh logic bin i
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Hnh 3.15: M t cy lnh di chuyn d liu
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Hnh 3.17: M t cy lnh iu khin chng trnh
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Hnh 3.18: M t cy lnh lm vic vi chui
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Hnh 3.19: M t cy lnh lm vic vi bng d liu
! 1_Cc lnh khng iu kin.
2_Cc lnh c iu kin.
3_Cc lnh iu khin chng trnh.
3.4. C php v cch ng dng SIMATIC struction S7-200:
3.4.1. Ton hng v gii hn cho php:
Bng 3.1: Gii hn ton hng ca CPU S7-200 series CPU 22x
Kiu d
M t Ton hng liu
STL LAD
(Description) (Operands) (Data
Types)
LD bit
Tip im thng m s c bit: I, Q, M, V, SM,
Bool
A ng khi bit = 1 T, C, S, L
O
LDN
bit
Tip im thng ng s c bit: I, Q, M, V, SM,
Bool
AN m khi bit = 1 T, C, S, L
ON
LDI Tip im thng m s ng
bit
tc thi (khng ph thuc vo bit: I Bool
AI
chu k vng qut)
OI
LDNI bit Tip im thng ng s m
tc thi (khng ph thuc vo bit: I Bool
AIN
chu k vng qut)
OIN
o gi tr logic ca bit u tin
NOT NOT Khng Khng
trong ngn xp
Bit u tin trong ngn xp c bit: I, Q, M, V, SM,
gi tr bng 1 (trong khong thi T, C, S, L
EU P gian ng bng 1 chu k vng Bool
qut) khi pht hin sn ln ca
tn hiu u vo.
Bit u tin trong ngn xp c bit: I, Q, M, V, SM, Bool
gi tr bng 1 (trong khong thi T, C, S, L
ED N gian ng bng 1 chu k vng
qut) khi pht hin sn xung
ca tn hiu u vo.
Hnh 3.20: V d minh ho lnh LD, NOT, ED trong chng trnh LAD v STL
Kiu d
M t Ton hng
STL LAD liu
Description Operands
Data Types
bit Cun dy u ra trng thi ON bit: I, Q, M, V, SM,
= bit khi c dng in iu khin i T, C, S, L Bool
qua.
Cun dy u ra trng thi ON bit: Q
=I bit bit tc thi (khng ph thuc vo Bool
chu k vng qut) khi c dng
in iu khin i qua.
Set 1 mng gm n tip im, bit: I, Q, M, V, SM,
tnh t tip im "bit" (n <= T, C, S, L
bit n: IB, QB, MB, Bool
S bit, n
S
128 tip im).
VB, SMB, SB, LB,
n
AC, Constant, VD,
AC, LD
Hnh 3.22: V d minh ho lnh so snh trong chng trnh LAD, FBD v STL
EN l ON.
TON Txxx, PT Khi gi tr m tc thi
Txxx trong thanh ghi CT >=
TON gi tr t trc trong
EN
thanh ghi PT th bit
PT trng thi Txxx ca b
Timer l ON.
Gi tr m tc thi
trong thanh ghi CT =
0 v bit trng thi v
off khi tn hiu u
vo l off. Ngc li PT: IW, QW,
vi b TON, thanh MW, SMW,
ghi CV v bit trng VW, LW, SW,
thi vn gi nguyn INT
AIW, T, C, AC,
tr khi c lnh Reset Constant, VD,
Txxx b TONR. Ngoi ra AC, LD
TONR c th s dng lnh
EN
TONR Txxx, PT Reset xo thanh
PT ghi tc thi cng nh
bit trng thi ca b
TON.
Ta c th s dng
ton hng Word (INT)
tng ng vi lnh
INT hay ton hng bit
tng ng vi bit
trng thi.
Trng thi ca bit
Txxx
Txxx c cung trng
TOF
thi vi tn hiu ti
EN chn EN u vo,
PT ti thi im ny gi
tr trong thanh ghi
TOF Txxx, PT CT= 0. Ti thi im
khi c sn xung
ca tn hiu chn
EN gi tr trong thanh
ghi CV bt u tng
dn n khi CT = PT
bit Txxx xung mc
thp v CT gi
nguyn gi tr ny cho
n khi c tn hiu
(mc cao mi kch
vo chn EN).
C th xo CT v
Txxx bng lnh Reset.
Bng 3.3: Gi tr t ti a cho tng loi v trng thi lm vic ca cc loi Timer
To khong thi gian tr 300ms bng cc loi timer c phn gii khc nhau:
.
Hnh 3.25: V d cch s dng b TOF
Khai bo b m li theo sn
Cxxx ln ca tn hiu u vo CD.
CTU Khi c sn ln ti LD, gi tr
CD
CTD Cxxx, PV t trc PV c load vo
LD thanh tc thi C-Word. Mi
PV
khi c sn ln ti CD, gi tr
trong C-Word gim i 1 n
v, cho n khi C-Word = 0 th
bt trng thi Cbit = 1.
Kiu d
M t Ton hng liu
STL LAD
Description Operands Data
Types
Add Integer and Subtract Integer
Lnh cng hai
MOVW IN1, OUT s nguyn 16
ADD_I
+I IN2, OUT EN bit IN1 + IN2
hoc kt qu cha
+I IN1, IN2 IN1 OUT IN1, IN2: IW, QW, MW,
IN2 trong OUT (16 SMW, VW, LW, SW,
bit) AIW, T, C, AC, Constant,
Lnh tr hai s VD, AC, LD INT
SUB_I nguyn 16 bit OUT: IW, QW, MW,
MOVW IN1, OUT EN
IN1- IN2 kt SMW, VW, LW, SW, T,
-I IN2, OUT IN1 OUT qu cha trong C, AC, VD, AC, LD
hoc IN2
OUT (16 bit)
-I IN1, IN2
hoc
SUB_R
+ IN2 kt qu HC,AC, Constant, VD,
-R IN1, IN2 EN cha trong AC, LD
OUT (32 bit) OUT: ID, QD, MD, VD,
IN1 OUT
IN2 SMD, SD, LD,AC, VD,
AC, LD
Miltiply Integer and Divide Integer
Lnh nhn hai
MULL_I
s nguyn 16
MOVW IN1, OUT EN bit IN1*IN2
*I IN2, OUT kt qu cha
hoc IN1 OUT
IN2 trong OUT (16 IN1, IN2: IW, QW, MW,
*I IN1, IN2
bit) SMW, VW, LW, SW,
AIW, T, C, AC, Constant,
Lnh chia hai VD, AC, LD INT
s nguyn 16 OUT: IW, QW, MW,
MOVW IN1, UT DIV_I bit IN1/IN2 kt SMW, VW, LW, SW, T,
EN
/I IN2, OUT qu cha trong C, AC, VD, AC, LD
hoc IN1 OUT OUT (16 bit)
IN2
/I IN1, IN2
Multiply Integer to Double Double Integer and Divide Integer to Double Double Integer
Lnh nhn hai IN1, IN2: IW, QW, MW,
MUL s nguyn 16 SMW, VW, LW, SW, AIW,
EN
MOVW IN1, OUT bit IN1*IN2 T, C, AC, Constant, VD, INT
MUL IN2, OUT IN1 OUT kt qu cha AC, LD
IN2
hoc trong OUT (32
MUL IN1, IN2 bit) OUT: ID, QD, MD, VD,
SMD, SD, LD,AC, VD, DINT
AC, LD
IN OUT
IN OUT
N
Kiu
M t Ton hng d liu
STL LAD
Description Operands Data
Types
Add to Table
Lnh ghi thm vo bng mt DATA:
d liu kiu t n, c xc IW, QW, VW,
ATT DATA, AD_T_TBL nh bng ni dung ca ton LW, SW, MW,
TABLE
EN ENO hng DATA trong lnh. Bng SMW, AIW, T, C, INT
DATA c ch nh trong lnh bng AC, Constant,
TBL ton hng TBL xc nh t u VD, AC, LD
tin ca bng tc l TL Nu
Bng 3.5: S khc nhau gia bng d liu nh ngha bng lnh ATT, FIFO, LIFO v
lnh FIN
Kiu d
M t Ton hng liu
STL LAD
(Description) (Operands) (Data
Types)
Fisrt - In - Fisrf - Out
Lnh ly d liu u TBL: IW, QW,
tin ca bng ra khi VW, LW, SW,
bng. Nu bng trng MW, T, C, VD,
c ngha l d liu trong AC, LD INT
c ly ra ht, hay
EC=0, bit SM1.4=1. D
FIFO
FIFO TABLE, EN ENO liu ly ra c ghi vo
DATA DATA (kiu t). Cc d
TBL DATA
liu cn li c dn ln DATA: IW, QW,
v tr trn lp ch VW, LW, SW,
trng va mi b ly i. MW, SMW, AIW, Word
Khi lnh thc hin xong T, C, AQW, VD,
ni dung ca EC gim AC, LD
i mt n v.
Kiu d
M t Ton hng liu
STL LAD
Description Operands Data
Types
Last - In - Fisrf - Out
Lnh ly d liu cui TBL: IW, QW,
cng ca bng ra khi VW, LW, SW,
bng tc l d liu c MW, T, C, VD,
nhp sau cng. Nu AC, LD INT
bng trng c ngha
l d liu trong c
LIFO
EN ENO ly ra ht, hay EC=0, bit
LIFO TABLE, SM1.4=1. D liu ly ra
TBL DATA
DATA ghi vo DATA
(kiu t). Cc d liu DATA: IW, QW,
cn li c dn ln v VW, LW, SW,
tr trn lp ch trng MW, SMW, AIW, Word
va mi b ly i. Khi T, C, AQW, VD,
lnh thc hin xong ni AC, LD
dung ca EC gim i
mt n v.
Kiu d
M t Ton hng
STL LAD liu
Description Operands
Data Types
Memory Fill
IN: IW, QW, VW,
LW, SW, MW, SMW,
Lnh in gi tr AIW, T, C, AC, Word
cha trong Word IN Constant, VD, AC,
FILL vo mng bt u t LD
EN ENO
a ch Word OUT. N: IB, QB, MB, VB,
FILL IN, OUT, IN OUT SMB, SB, LB, AC,
N N
N l s t n ca Byte
mng, 1<=N<=255 Constant, VD, AC,
LD
OUT: IW, QW, VW,
LW, SW, MW, SMW,
Word
AIW, T, C, VD, AC,
LD
thc hin nhng php ton ca phng trnh c nhiu biu thc con. Sau y l bng tm
tt c php v hng dn cch s dng lnh.
Kiu d
M t Ton hng liu
STL LAD
Description Operands Data
Types
And Load
Lnh t hp gi tr u tin v gi tr ca bit
th hai trong ngn xp bng php tnh .
ALD none Kt qu c ghi li vo bit u tin ca none none
ngn xp. Gi tr cn li c ko ln 1 bit.
Or LoaD
Lnh t hp gi tr u tin v gi tr ca bit
th hai trong ngn xp bng php tnh .
OLD none Kt qu c ghi li vo bit u tin ca none none
ngn xp. Gi tr cn li c ko ln 1 bit.
Logic PuSh
Sao chp gi tr ca bit u tin vo bit th
LPS none hai trong ngn xp. Ga tr cn li b y none none
xung 1 bit. Bit cui cng b y ra ngoi.
Logic ReaD
Lnh sao chp gi tr ca bit th hai vo bit
LRD none u tin ca ngn xp, cc gi tr cn li none none
ca ngn xp vn gi nguyn.
Logic PoP
Lnh ko ngn xp ln 1 bit theo nguyn
LPP none none none
tc bit sao ln bit trc.
LoaD Stack
Lnh sao chp gi tr ca bit th n (ngn
xp c 9 bit th bit th nh c tnh l
1...n bit cui cng l 8) ca ngn xp ln
LDS n none n: 18 Byte
bit u tin. Cc gi tr cn li ca ngn xp
b y li xung 1 bit, bit cui cng b y
ra khi ngn xp.
Hnh 3.44: V d v cch s dng lnh ALD, OLD, LPP, LPS, LRD
IN OUT
Truncate
IN: ID, QD, VD, LD,
MD, SMD, AC, Real
TRUNC Constant, VD, AC,
TRUNC IN, Hm chuyn i s thc
EN ENO LD, SD.
OUT 32 bit c du sang s
IN OUT
nguyn 32 bit c du. OUT:ID, QD, VD,
LD, MD, SMD, AC, DINT
HD, VD, AC, LD,
SD.
Double Integer to Integer and Integer to Double Integer
IN: IW, QW, VW,
LW, MW,SW, SMW,
I_DI AIW ,AC, T, C, INT
EN ENO Lnh chuyn i s
Constant, VD, AC,
ITD IN, OUT nguyn 16 bit sang s
IN OUT LD.
nguyn 32 bit.
OUT: ID, QD,VD,
LD, MD,SD, SMD, DINT
AC, VD, AC, LD.
IN: ID, QD,VD, LD,
MD,SD, SMD,
DINT
DI_I AC,Constant, VD,
Lnh chuyn i s
EN ENO AC, LD.
DTI IN, OUT nguyn 32 bit sang s
IN OUT OUT: IW, QW, VW,
nguyn 16 bit.
LW, MW,SW, SMW,
INT
AC, T, C, VD, AC,
LD.
Integer to Real, Byte to Integer and Integer to Byte
Khng c lnh chuyn
i trc tip ny. Ta c
th thc hin c bng
cch dng lnh ITD
(Integer to
(chuyn s nguyn 16 bit
Real) none none none
thnh s nguyn 32 bit)
sau dng tip lnh
DTR (chuyn s nguyn
32 bit sang s thc ).
Kiu d
M t Ton hng liu
STL LAD
Description Operands Data
Types
Decode
IN: IB, QB, MB,
Lnh t gi tr logic 1 vo SMB, VB, SB,
bit ca t n OUT c ch Byte
DECO LB, AC, Constant,
s (trng s ca bit thuc
EN ENO
VD, AC, LD
Word) bng s nguyn
DECO IN, OUT IN OUT OUT: IW, QW,
nm trong nibble (4 bit)
VW, LW,
thp ca byte u vo IN.
MW,SW, SMW, Word
Cc bit cn li ca t n
AC, T, C, AIW,
c gi tr logic bng 0.
VD, AC, LD.
IN: IW, QW, VW,
LW, MW,SW,
Lnh xc nh ch s ca SMW, AC, T, C,
bit thp nht trong t n Word
ENCO AIW, VD, AC,
EN ENO IN c gi tr logic 1v ghi
ENCO IN, OUT LD.
IN OUT kt qu ny vo nibble
OUT: IB, QB,
thp nht ca byte u ra
MB, SMB, VB,
OUT. Byte
SB, LB, AC, VD,
AC, LD.
Kiu d
M t Ton hng liu
STL LAD
(Description) (Operands) (Data
Types)
Segment
IN OUT
4146 (c s 16, ng
LEN vi cc k t t 09,
AF ). Nu m ho mt
k t b sai th qu trnh
m ho b dng li v bit
SM1.7 c gi tr logic
bng 1.
Thc hin i mt dy IN, OUT:
ch vit trong h c s IB, QB, MB, SMB,
16 thnh chui k t m LB, VB, VD, AC,
ASCII. Dy s u vo SB, LD.
c lu trong mng bt
HTA IN, u bng IN v c Byte
OUT, LEN di l LEN. di cc LEN:
i ca dy s l 255. IB, QB, MB, SMB,
Chui k t u ra c LB, VB, AC,
ghi vo mng c byte Constant, VD, AC,
u l OUT. SB, LD.
CPU S7-200 khng thc hin kim tra li ngy thng, ngy ca tun iu chnh
li ngy thng. Gi tr v ngy thng nh l February 30 c th c chp nhn. Do
bn s phi chc chn rng ngy thng ca bn a vo l ng.
Kiu d
M t Ton hng liu
STL LAD
Description Operands Data
Types
Read Real-Time Clock and Set Real-Time Clock
Lnh c ni dung
ca ng h thi
READ_RTC
EN ENO gian thc vo b
m 8 byte c ch T: VB,IB, QB, MB,
TODR T T
nh trong lnh bng SMB, SB, LB, VD,
ton hng T.
AC, LD.
Lnh ghi ni dung
Byte
ca b m 8 byte
c ch nh trong
SET_RTC
lnh bng ton hng
TODW T EN ENO
T vo ng h thi
T
gian thc.
Kiu d
M t Ton hng liu
STL LAD
(Description) (Operands) (Data
Types)
Jump to Label and Label
Kiu d
M t Ton hng liu
STL
LAD Description Operands Data
Types
Subroutine and Return Subroutine
SBRn
EN
Hnh 3.53: V d cch s dng lnh gi v thot khi chng trnh con
Cc lnh sau s can thip vo thi gian vng qut, n c dng kt thc
chng trnh ang thc hin hoc ko di thm thi gian ca vng qut.
Trong chng trnh chnh, kt thc chng trnh bng lnh MEND, nhng trong
son tho chng trnh chng ta khng cn lnh kt thc ny m Step 7 MicroWin
mc nh ri. Lnh END cng l lnh kt thc chng trnh nhng l lnh kt thc c
iu kin.
Khi chng trnh chnh hoc chng trnh con gp lnh STOP th chng trnh s
kt thc ngay ti cui vng qut hin thi v CPU chuyn sang ch STOP.
Nu trong chng trnh x l ngt gp lnh STOP th ngt cng c dng li
ngay lp tc, cc tn hiu x l ngt ang cn nm trong hng i s b hu b, phn cn
li ca chng trnh s khng thc hin.Vic thc s chuyn sang ch STOP xy ra
cui chu k vng qut hin thi sau giai on xut tn hiu cho u ra.
Lnh WDR s khi ng li ng h quan st (Watchdog Timer), chng trnh
tip tc thc hin trong vng qut ch quan st. Nn cn thn khi s dng lnh ny.
Khi trong chng trnh s dng lnh lp, hoc thi gian tr qu ln th nhng qu trnh
sau b hn ch:
- Truyn thng (loi tr kiu Freeport).
- Cp nht vo ra (tr nhng lnh vo ra tc th).
- Cp nht cng bc.
- Cp nht cc bit kiu SM.
- Chun on thi gian chy.
- Vi cc vng qut ln hn 25 giy th cc b Timer c phn gii10ms v
100ms s khng c chnh xc.
Nu thi gian ca vng qut ln hn 300ms, hoc khi gp mt ngt c chng
trnh x l ngt vi thi gian chy chng trnh lu hn 300ms th cn phi s dng lnh
WDR khi ng li ng h quan st.
Vic chuyn cng tc phn cng sang ch STOP hoc thc hin lnh STOP
trong chng trnh s l nguyn nhn t ch iu khin vo ch dng trong
khong thi gian 1.4s.
Kiu d
M t Ton hng liu
STL
LAD (Description) (Operands) (Data
Types)
End and Stop and Watchdog Timer
Lnh kt thc chng
END END trnh hin hnh c iu
kin.
Lnh kt thc chng
STOP trnh hin hnh v
STOP
chuyn sang ch none none
STOP.
Lnh khi ng li ng
WDR WDR h quan st.
5. Khi thc hin lnh quay sang tri RLB (quay cc bit ca byte sang tri), RLW
(quay cc bit ca Word sang tri) v RLD (quay cc bit ca t kp sang tri), ti
mi ln quay gi tr ca bit cao nht c ghi vo bit bo trn SM1.1.Sau khi lnh
thc hin, bit SM1.1 s c gi tr logic ca bit th N - 8, N 16, N 32, trong
N l s m ln quay.
6. Bit bo kt qu 0 (bit SM1.0) s c gi tr logic bng 1 nu nh sau khi thc
hin lnh quay ni dung ca Byte, Word, DWord bng 0.
Cc lnh dich chuyn hoc quay vng nh hng n kt qu ca cc bit
c bit nh sau:
SM1.0 SM1.1 SM1.2 SM1.3
Lnh Kiu lnh
(kt qu 0) (bo trn) (kt qa m) (chia cho 0)
SRB khng du c c khng khng
SLB khng du c c khng khng
SRW khng du c c khng khng
SLW khng du c c khng khng
SRD khng du c c khng khng
SLD khng du c c khng khng
RRB khng du c c khng khng
RLB khng du c c khng khng
RRW khng du c c khng khng
RLW khng du c c khng khng
RRD khng du c c khng khng
RLD khng du c c khng khng
SHRB khng du khng c khng khng
Nhng iu sau y ch ng vi cc hm dch chuyn bit ca byte, t n v t kp:
+ Nu b m chuyn dch c gi tr ln hn 0 th bit nh trn SM1.1 c gi tr
logic ca bit cui cng c y ra.
+ Bit bo kt qu 0 SM1.0 c gi tr logic 1 nu sau khi lnh c thc hin, byte,
t hoc t kp c ni dung bng 0.
Nhng iu sau y ch ng vi cc hm dch chuyn bit ca byte, t n v t kp:
+ Nu b m chuyn dch khng phi l b s nguyn ca 8, 16, 32 i vi byte,
Word, DWord th gi tr ca bit cui cng b y ra ngoi s c gn cho bit
nh trn SM1.1.
+ Nu bit bo kt qu 0 c gi tr logic bng 1 th gi tr ca byte, t hay t kp
bng 0.
M t Ton hng Kiu d liu
STL LAD
Description Operands Data Types
Hnh 3.56: V d v cch s dng lnh dch chuyn v quay vng thanh ghi
Lnh lm vic vi thanh ghi c di tu :
Lnh thuc nhm ny cung cp mt phng php ni tip v iu khin dng sn
phm hoc d liu. Thanh ghi c xc nh trong lnh bi ton hng S_BIT ch a ch
bit thp ca thanh ghi v di l gi tr tuyt i ca ton hng N trong lnh (ngha l
thanh ghi c di |N| bit). D liu c chuyn vo trong thanh ghi c tn l DATA
(DATA = Bool), mt ln trong mt vng qut.
S_BIT l bit thp nht ca thanh ghi, nu gi cao nht trong thanh ghi l MSB.b
th MSB.b s c tnh theo cng thc sau:
MSB.b = [(byte ca S_BIT) + phn nguyn ca(|N| - 1 + bit ca S_BIT)/8].[phn cn
tha ca php chia 8]
L do tr i 1 bi v S_BIT chim mt 1 bit ca thanh ghi.
V d S_BIT l V33.4 v N = 14 th MSB.b s l:
MSB.b = [(33) + (|14| - 1 + 4)/8]*remainder of the division by 8
= (33 + 2)*remainder of the division by 8
= 35.1
MSB.b l: V35.1
Chiu thc hin php dch chuyn ph thuc vo du ca ton hng N trong lnh.
Min gi tr cho php ca ton hng N l: -64 N 64.
Hnh 3.57: M t hng dch chuyn ca thanh ghi vi ton hng m v dng
Bng 3.8: Lit k cc tn hiu bo ngt tng ng vi tng loi CPU 22x
CPU CPU
Kiu CPU CPU
M t tn hiu ngt 214, 226,
ngt 221 222
224XP 226XM
0 Ngt theo sn ln ca I0.0 Y Y Y Y
1 Ngt theo sn xung ca I0.0 Y Y Y Y
2 Ngt theo sn ln ca I0.1 Y Y Y Y
3 Ngt theo sn xung ca I0.1 Y Y Y Y
4 Ngt theo sn ln ca I0.2 Y Y Y Y
5 Ngt theo sn xung ca I0.2 Y Y Y Y
6 Ngt theo sn ln ca I0.3 Y Y Y Y
7 Ngt theo sn xung ca I0.3 Y Y Y Y
8 Ngt nhn k t Port 0 Y Y Y Y
9 Ngt bo vic truyn d liu hon tt Port 0 Y Y Y Y
10 Ngt thi gian 0, SNB34 Y Y Y Y
11 Ngt thi gian 1, SMB35 Y Y Y Y
Ngt theo HSC0, khi gi tr tc thi bng gi tr t
12 Y Y Y Y
trc CV=PV.
Ngt theo HSC1, khi gi tr tc thi bng gi tr t
13 Y Y
trc CV=PV.
Ngt theo HSC1, khi c tn hiu bo i hng m
14 Y Y
t bn ngoi.
15 Ngt theo HSC1, khi c tn hiu Reset t ngoi Y Y
Ngt theo HSC2, khi gi tr tc thi bng gi tr t
16 Y Y
trc CV=PV.
Ngt theo HSC2, khi c tn hiu bo i hng m
17 Y Y
t bn ngoi.
18 Ngt theo HSC2, khi c tn hiu Reset t ngoi Y Y
19 PLS0 Ngt bo hon tt vic m xung Y Y Y Y
20 PLS1 Ngt bo hon tt vic m xung Y Y Y Y
21 Ngt theo b nh thi T32, khi gi tc thi CT=PT. Y Y Y Y
22 Ngt theo b nh thi T96, khi gi tc thi CT=PT. Y Y Y Y
23 Ngt bo hon tt vic nhn 1 gi tin Port 0 Y Y Y Y
24 Ngt bo hon tt vic nhn 1 gi tin Port 1 Y
25 Ngt nhn k t Port 1 Y
26 Ngt bo vic truyn d liu hon tt Port 1 Y
Ngt theo HSC0, khi c tn hiu bo i hng m
27 Y Y Y Y
t bn ngoi.
28 Ngt theo HSC0, khi c tn hiu Reset t ngoi Y Y Y Y
Ngt theo HSC4, khi gi tr tc thi bng gi tr t
29 Y Y Y Y
trc CV=PV.
Ngt theo HSC4, khi c tn hiu bo i hng m
30 Y Y Y Y
t bn ngoi.
31 Ngt theo HSC4, khi c tn hiu Reset t ngoi Y Y Y Y
32 Ngt theo HSC3, khi gi tr tc thi bng gi tr t Y Y Y Y
trc CV=PV.
Ngt theo HSC5, khi gi tr tc thi bng gi tr t
33 Y Y Y Y
trc CV=PV.
Detach Interupt
Lnh hu ngt EVENT: xem
DTCH cc b tng ng bng lit k cc
EN
DTCH EVENT vi kiu ngt tn hiu bo ngt Byte
EVENT EVENT. tng ng vi
tng loi CPU
Enable Interupt
Lnh kch ngt
ENI ENI ton cc. none none
Disable Interupt
Lnh hu tt c
DISI DISI cc ngt cng none none
mt lc.
Conditional Return from Interupt
Lnh thot tc
thi khi chng
CRETI trnh ngt khi
CRETI none none
chng trnh
ngt cha kt
thc.
Return from Interupt
Lnh kt thc
chng trnh x
RETI
RETI l ngt, cui none none
chng trnh.
bo v chng trnh STEP t ng khai bo ging nh lnh MEND (kt thc chng
trnh chnh), lnh RET (lnh kt thc chng trnh con).
Chng trnh x l ngt cn phi c vit ti u, cng nhanh cng tt, khng nn
thc hin chng trnh x l ngt qu lu.
Khng c s dng cc lnh sau trong CTXLN: DISI, ENI, CALL, HDEF,
FOR...NEXT, END.
gi d liu
Port SMB2 SM3.0 Vng mong
RS485 Bufer Recive Parity test mun
CHNG 4
NGN NG LP TRNH LADDER
(Phn ny s c nhc cc chng trc )
CHNG 5
K THUT LP TRNH IU KHIN TRNH T
ca qu trnh thc hin lnh. Cn cc vn logic gia lnh SCRE v lnh LSCR
(bn ngoi ni dung ca chng trnh iu khin trnh t) khng ph thuc vo kt
qu cu S stack.
- Lnh SCRT set S bit cho php thc hin on lnh SCR k tip v cng reset S bit
c thc hin trc .
+ Cc vn hn ch khi s dng lnh iu khin trnh t:
- Bn khng th s dng nhiu S bit ging nhau cho nhiu hn mt chng trnh. V
d, nu bn s dng S0.1 trong chng trnh chnh, bn khng th s dng n trong
chng trnh con hoc chng trnh x l ngt.
- Khng s dng lnh nhy JMP v lnh khai bo nhn LBL trong on SSR. Ngha l
khng cho php nhy vo trong on SCR t bn ngoi hoc bn trong hoc t bn
trong nhy ra. Bn c th thc hin cp lnh JMP v LBL xung quanh on SCR.
- Bn khng th s dng lnh FOR...NEXT v lnh END trong on chng trnh
SCR.
5.2.2. AND nhnh SCR:
V d cch s dng lnh SCR (y cng l v d v cch s dng lnh AND nhnh):
Trong v d ny, bit SM0.1 c s dng set bit S0.1 tng ng vi trng
thi SCR1 hot ng trong vng qut u tin.
Sau thi gian delay 2s, bit T37 s chuyn tip n trng thi SCR2. Trong qu
trnh chuyn tip ny, n s lm ngng trng thi SCR1 v bt u hot ng trng
thi SCR2 (S0.2).
Trong vng nh d liu ca PLC S7-200 c vng nh S 32 byte dnh cho iu
khin trnh t.
State L
Transition Condition
State L State L
5.2.4. iu khin hi t:
Cng nhiu trng hp tng t pht sinh khi hai hoc nhiu dng trng thi tun t
phi kt hp li thnh dng n. S kt hp gi l hi t. Tt c cc dng n phi
hon tt trc khi trng thi tip theo c thc hin. Xem m t hai dng phn k
hnh 5.3.
State L State M
Transition Condition
State N
iu khin dng hi t c th b sung vo trong chng trnh SCR bng cch truyn t
trng thi L n trng thi L v t trng thi M n trng thi M. Khi hai bit trng
thi c trnh din l ng th trng thi N tip theo c cho php, xem v d sau:
ng dng: Dng kt thc mt hoc nhiu thit b ca qu trnh iu khin khi khng
mun n tip din trong chu trnh.
5.2.5. S lp li hot ng trnh t:
c ng dng trong nhng bi ton cng ngh hot ng theo tng bc (step) v
theo mt chu trnh nht nh khng c php thay i. V d iu khin my gp-
t; n giao thng; iu khin my trn nhin liu ...c th m t nh sau:
Switch: 1 3 5 7 9 11
ON OFF ON OFF ON OFF
Cch lp ghp cm bin vi module EM235 xem hnh 3.
Chng trnh vit trn Step 7 bng ngn ng STL:
Network 1: Initialize the Current for the Pt100
LD First_Scan_On:SM0.1 // In the first scan cycle,
MOVW +4000, AQW0 // move 4000 into analog output
// word AQW0 to initialize a
// 2.5 mA current for the Pt100.
Network 2: Load the Measured Value and Calculate the Temperature
MOVW AIW4, VW200 // load measured value from AIW4
// in VW200.
-I VW252, VW200 // Subtract the 0 C offset from
// the temperature value.
DIV VW250, VD198 // Divide the result by C.
MUL +10, VD196 // Multiply the remainder by 10. . .
DIV VW250, VD196 // Divide the result by the C
// value and add the resulting
// value to the first
// position after decimal.
MOVW VW198, VW160 // Move VW198 to temporary
// location VW160.
MOVW +0, VW198 // Clear VW198.
MUL +10, VD198 // Multiply the temperature value
// by 10.
+I VW160, VW200 // Add the temperature value and
// the value in the first position
// after the decimal to determine
// the exact temperature.
Network 3: Enable Message 2 On the TD 200
LDW>= VW200, VW260 // If the temperature value measured
// >= the high limit,
R V12.5, 3 // reset all three TD 200 messages.
= V12.6 // Enable the TD 200 message,
// "Temperature>".
MOVW VW260, VW136 // Move the high limit into the
// TD 200 embedded value display.
JMP 1 // Jump to Label 1.
Network 4: Enable Message 3 On the TD 200
LDW<= VW200, VW262 // If the temperature value measured
// <= the low limit,
R V12.5, 3 // reset all three TD 200 messages.
= V12.5 // Enable the TD 200 message,
// "Temperature<".
MOVW VW262, VW156 // Move the low limit into the
// TD 200 embedded value display.
JMP 1 // Jump to Label 1.
Lm trn v a ti u ra Word
(analog)
Kt thc chng
trnh chnh
+ Module FM STEPDRIVE:
Module ny c th iu khin bng tn hiu clock mc cao l u im ni bt.
Mi mt xung clock tng ng vi mt bc ca motor. Ngi ta c th n nh gi tr
ca dng pha, s bc, suy gim dng bng cc la chn trn cc cng tc ca module.
+ Input Signals:
PULSE Clock pulse Mi sn ln to nn mt bc, in p 24VDC
Drection of Chn chiu quay thun ngc
DIR
rotation
Nu c tn hiu vo l cho php th b phn ngun s sn
ENABLE Enable
sng cung cp
Mc dng pha ca motor c set ln, n c th thay i
PWM Current Control
c bng cch iu bin rng xung.
+ Out Signals:
READY1_N Ready Status Sau khi u vo enable cho php hot ng, b phn
ngun s c bo co sn sng hot ng cho u ra READY1_N.
+ Tn hiu giao tip:
Tn hiu ca b iu khin mc cao c cung cp bng xung iu khin u vo
24VDC, c th cho php iu khin motor u vo GATE_N.
+ Inputs:
GATE_N Enable the clock pulse signal : Khi c 24V cng vo GATE_N, tn hiu
ang ch i cho vic iu khin stepper motor. Nu cho 0V, tn hiu ch b hu b.
+ Outputs:
V tr zero ca b m vng quay bn trong, in
ZERO Zero signal right counter
p 24V c cp cho u ra zero ny.
Sau khi u vo cho php hot ng, b phn
READY2 Ready status
ngun bo co l c c bi u ra ready2.
Nu tn hiu clock b hu bi u vo GATE_N
MSTILL Motor Stepped v motor dng li, s dng li ny l s chp nhn
bi tn hiu MSTILL.
+ B chuyn i in p cho b iu khin Stepper Motor:
Xem hnh sau y bn c th d dng to mt mch in kt ni b iu khin
lp trnh ti b drive ca stepper motor. Tt c cc u vo ca b FM STEPDRIVE l
5V.
M t chng trnh:
Trong vng qut u tin (SM0.1=1) cc gi tr quan trng cho vic to xung c
t li. y tc hot ng cng nh s bc theo danh ngha l thuyt.
Cch la chn hng quay ca motor:
Bn c th s dng cng tc I0.5 la chn hng quay. Nu u vo I0.5 = 1
u ra Q0.2 c set ln mc cao v chiu quay ca ng c lc ny l ngc chiu kim
ng h. Nu u vo I0.5 = 0, u ra Q0.2 c reset xung mc thp v chiu quay ca
motor lc ny l cng chiu kim ng h. Trong trng hp trnh motor mt bc,
hng quay ch c th thay i c khi bit nh trng thi hot ng ca motor l off
(M0.1 = 0).
Cc bc khi ng motor:
1. n nt Start, iu c ngha l c sn ln truyn ti u vo I0.0.
2. Khng c kho lin ng, iu c ngha l bit nh lin ng b reset.
3. B iu khin chuyn sang ch off, c ngha l bit nh hot ng b
reset.
Nu cc yu t c hi t, bit nh M0.1 c reset v b iu khin s dng
lnh PLS khi ng vic pht ra dy xung cng Q0.0. iu cn thit cho vic pht
xung l phi c d liu c khai bo tng ng trong vng nh c bit tng ng vi
lnh PTO/PWM v u ra Q0.3 c set.
Cch dng motor:
1. n nt Stop, iu ny tng ng vi vic truyn xung ln n port I0.1
2. B iu khin bt ln on, iu tng ng vi M0.1 c set.
Nu cc yu t c hi t, bit nh M0.1 c reset. Sau xung ra ti port
Q0.0 b ngt i bi v qu trnh iu bin rng xung b gii phng kt ni vi lnh
PLS0. Khi iu ny xy ra, rng xung b gim xung zero. Sau ngt 0 c x l,
bit nh M0.1 c reset ln na chun b cho vic khi ng b iu khin ln tip
theo.
Cu trc chng trnh iu khin:
Khi ng CT chnh
No
Bt motor sang
off?
Yes
No Nt khi ng
Motor hot ng v
removebit lin ng?
Yes
Yes
Kt thc
CT chnh
Hnh 6.12: Kt ni S505 v S7 trong mng qua module giao din trng MIF
6.6.4. Truyn thng Freeport kt ni mng vi S7-200 CPUs trong trng hp I/O
xa:
Hnh 6.20: Kt ni truyn thng S7-200 vi sensor v c cu chp hnh qua mng AS-I
CHNG 7
NHNG NG DNG CA PLC
S
31 33 36 41 42 43 >43
vch
Bnh
L1 T1 L1 T1 T1 T1
tri
Bnh
T2 T2 T2 T2 L2 T2
phi ngng & b bng
ch
chy chy r chy
lm r tri r tri
thng thng phi thng
vic
t vn :
Lm th no phi
liu theo gi tr t trc
ca 3 cht clanhke, thch
cao, ph gia tng ng
l 70%, 20%,10%
nghin xi thnh xi mng.
Trong tng khi
lng cn phi vo
my nghin l A tn/h.
Ngoi ra, h thng lm
vic cn ph thuc vo
cn liu hi v u vo
ca my nghin (sau khi
ra khi my nghin
nhng ht c khi lng
ln c hi v nh
phn ly ng) v in
Hnh 7.2: S cng ngh ca h thng phi liu
y ca my nghin. C
ngha l lc no h thng lm vic cng phi m bo c yu t u tin l in
dy ca my nghin 80%. Nu lng liu t h thng phi liu a n cng vi liu
hi v lm cho in y ca my nghin vt mc 80%B tn/h th h s t ng
270 B chun
ho
B t
hp
chuyn
PID_1 Thch cao
mch
PV
CV SP MM4 M Bng ti
Cn liu
hi v
chun
ho
in
PID_2 Ph gia
y ca
PV
MN MM4
CV SP M Bng ti
Manual chun
ho
Hnh 7.6: S cng ngh ca h thng cp liu, nhin, phn loi, phn phi xi mng
Cc sil cha y.
Du thu lc cp cho my nghin p sut.
Cc bng chuyn khng b trt ai.
Sau khi chn sil v kim tra cc iu kin an ton cho vic khi ng, h thng
phi c khi ng theo trnh t nh sau: MK2, MK3 MK1 M van
Qut ht (lc bi) Gu ti Phn ly ng M van du My nghin BTC
BTTG BTCL, BTPG, BTTC.
T yu cu cng nh nh trn ta tin hnh thit k chng trnh nh sau:
1. V gin thi gian hoc vit lu thut ton.
2. Tnh chn PLC v module m rng.
3. Phn cng I/O.
4. Quy nh cc nh gim st li, khi ng hoc dng t xa.
5. Tin hnh dch sang ngn ng ca PLC t gin thi gian hoc vit lu
thut ton.
7.4. ng dng PLC trong mng thu nhn d liu t bin tn:
iu khin bin tn thng qua PLC ngi ta thng dng cc cch sau:
+ Cc lnh
USS s lm tng b
nh ca chng trnh
ln n 3450 byte.
Tu thuc vo loi
lnh USS m dung
lng ca b nh c
th tng t 2150 byte
n 3450 byte.
+ Cc lnh
USS khng th s
dng trong chng
trnh con. Hnh 7.7: Kt ni PLC v bin tn theo giao thc USS
* Lu :
thay i phng thc truyn thng ca Port 0 tr li PPI truyn thng vi
STEP 7 - Micro/Win, cn phi s dng lnh USS _ INIT khc n nh li phng
thc cho Port 0.
Cng c th nh li phng thc bng cch chuyn S7-200 sang ch STOP,
vic ny s Reset cc tham s ca Port 0.
7.4.2. Thi gian yu cu cho vic truyn thng vi bin tn:
Truyn thng vi cc MicroMaster (MM) khng ng b vi vng qut ca S7-
200. S7-200 hon thnh vi vng qut trc khi mt MM hon thnh vic truyn
thng. Cc yu t gip xc nh thi gian yu cu: s MM c trong mng, tc baud,
v thi gian vng qut ca S7-200.
C vi loi yu cu thi gian tr di hn khi s dng cc lnh truy xut thng
s. Thi gian yu cu cho vic truy nhp cc tham s tu thuc loi thit b v tham s
c truy nhp.
Sau khi lnh USS _ INIT n nh Port 0 cho giao thc USS, S7-200 s thc hin
hi vng tt c cc bin tn trong nhng khong thi gian theo di y.
Bng 7.1: Thi gian yu cu cho truyn thng vi MM
Tc Thi gian hi vng gia cc bin tn
1200 240 ms (max)
2400 130 ms (max)
4800 75 ms (max)
9600 50 ms (max)
19200 35 ms (max)
38400 30 ms (max)
57600 25 ms (max)
115200 25 ms (max)
Lnh USS_ INIT c s dng cho php thit lp hoc khng cho php
truyn thng vi cc MM. Trc khi bt k mt lnh USS no khc c s dng, lnh
USS_INIT phi c thc hin trc m khng c xy ra li no. Khi lnh thc
hin xong v bit Done c set ln ngay lp tc trc khi thc hin lnh k tip.
Lnh ny c thc hin mi vng qut khi u vo EN c tc ng.
Khi lnh USS_INIT kt thc, u ra Done c set ln. u ra Error (kiu byte)
cha kt qu thc hin lnh.
4.2. Lnh USS - CTRL:
Cu trc lnh:
Bng 7.3: Kiu d liu v ton hng ca cc u vo/ra trong lnh USS _CTRL
u vo/ra Kiu d liu Ton hng
RUN, OFF2, OFF3,
BOOL I, Q, M, S, SM, T, C, V, C, L, Power Flow
F_ACK, DIR
Resp_R, Run_EN,
BOOL I, Q, M, S, SM, T, C, V, C, L
D_Dir, Inhibit, Fault
VB, IB, QB, MB, SB, SMB, LB, AC, *VD,
Drive, Type BYTE
*AC, *LD, Constant
VB, IB, QB, MB, SB, SMB, LB, AC, *VD,
Error BYTE
*AC, *LD
VW, T, C, IW, QW, SW, MW, SMW, LW,
Status WORD
AC, AQW, *VD, *AC, *LD
VD, ID, QD, MD, SMD, LD, AC, *VD,
Speed_SP REAL
*AC, *LD, Constant
VD, ID, QD, MD, SMD, LD, AC, *VD,
Speed REAL
*AC, *LD
vo b nh RAM v MM3 khng h tr chc nng ny, do , cn phi chc chn rng
u vo khng c set lnh ch lm vic vi MM3.
Bng 7.5: Kiu d liu v ton hng ca cc u vo/ra trong lnh USS_WPM_x
u vo/ra Kiu d liu Ton hng
XMT-REQ BOOL I, Q, M, SM, T, C, V, L
EEPROM BOOL I, Q, M, S, SM, T, C, V, L
Drive BYTE VB, IB, QB, MB, SB, SMB, LB, AC, *VD,
*AC, *LD, Constant
Param, Index WORD VW, IW, QW, MW, SW, SMW, LW, T, C,
AC, AIW, *VD, *AC, *LD, Constant
DB-Ptr DWORD &VB
Value WORD VW, IW, QW, MW, SW, SMW, LW, T, C,
AC, AQW, *VD, *AC, *LD
DWORD,REAL VD, ID, QD, MD, SD, SMD, LD, *VD,
*AC
Done BOOL I, Q, M, S, SM, T, C, V, L
Error BYTE VB, IB, QB, MB, SB, SMB, LB, AC, *VD,
*AC, *LD
P0304 = in p ng c (V)
P0305 = dng in ng c (A)
P0307 = cng sut ng c (W)
P0310 = tn s ng c (Hz)
P0311 = tc ng c (RPM)
Cc thng s ci t ny c th thay i tu thuc vo loi ng c c s
dng.
Trc khi ci t cc thng s P0304, P0305, P0307, P0310, P0311, cn thit
phi set thng s P0010 ln 1 trc. Sau khi kt thc vic ci t, t thng s P0010
v 0. Cc thng s P0304, P0305, P0307, P0310, P0311 ch c th thay i trong ch
quick commissioning.
4. nh ch iu khin t xa hay ti ch (Local/Remove):
P0700 Index0 = 5
5. t la chn tn s setpoint cho USS cng COM
P1000 Index0 = 5
6. nh thi gian tng tc (tu chn), l thi gian ng c tng tc n tc
max:
P1120 = 0 650,00 (s).
7. nh thi gian gim tc (tu chn), l thi gian ng c gim dn tc
cho n khi dng:
P1121 = 0 650,00 (s).
8. t tn s tham chiu:
P2000 = 1 n 650 Hz
9. Tiu chun ho USS:
P2009 Index0 = 0
10. t gi tr tc baud cho chun RS-485:
P2010 Index0 = 4 (2400 baud)
5 (4800 baud)
6 (9600 baud)
7 (19200 baud)
8 (38400 baud)
9 (57600 baud)
10 (115200 baud)
11. Nhp a ch Slave:
P2011 Index0 = 0 n 31
12. t thi gian trng gia hai bc in, y l khong thi gian cho php
gia hai ln truy nhp d liu bc in. N c s dng ct bin tn trong khong
thi gian xy ra li truyn thng. Thi gian ny tnh t lc sau khi mt d liu hp l
ca bc in c nhn. Nu c mt d liu khng c nhn, bin tn s ngt v hin
th m li F0070. t gi tr 0 ngng iu khin.
//DB_Ptr_dnh b m
16 byte cho vic ghi cc
d liu t PLC n bin
tn, ghi c gi tr ti
y ta phi dng bin con
tr &VB630.
//Param=009_cho php
c/ghi tt c cc gi tr
t bin tn.
Chng trnh cng c tin hnh tng t i vi n bin tn trong mng USS, vi
n = (0 31), t cc b m, t kp, t n, byte v bit trng thi chng ta c th dng
cc phn mm khc nh VisualBasic, Delphi... thit k giao din, to lp c s d
liu, nht k, cnh bo c th hnh thnh mng SCADA mini iu khin v gim
st h thng. Ngoi mng bin tn dng PLC iu khin, chng ta cng c th tch
hp mng bao gm nhiu PLC v bin tn c s iu khin v gim st t PC. lm
iu ny rt kh khn nu nh khng c s h tr ca gi phn mm Microcomputing
ca Siemens. Phn mm ny khi c ci t, n s c cc tool, file .ocx, .dll rt hu
ch cho vic nh ngha ng truyn, qut v cp nht theo s kin, to lp giao din,
truy xut d liu t PLC...Phn mm ny ch h tr cho VisualBasic.
7.5. ng dng PLC trong h thng iu khin gim st:
Cc bc tin hnh thit lp h thng iu khin v gim st t PC:
+ Cp trng:
1. Thit k phn cng da vo yu cu ca qu trnh cng ngh.
2. Thut ton iu khin cho mi trm trong mng.
3. Quy nh a ch ca trm, giao thc truyn thng, thut ton truyn thng gia
cc trm trong mng, quy nh trm master/slave nu l trong mng PPI; cc
trm l ngang cp nu l mng Freeport (giao thc ny gi l iu khin cng t
do_mi trm u l trm ch v cng u l trm t). y l vic rt cn thit
trong qu trnh tch hp mng.
4. Lp bng quy nh cc a ch, m hiu, li... cn thit cho vic truyn thng.
5. Vit chng trnh iu khin tng ng cho tng trm.
+ Cp iu khin v gim st:
1. Ci t cc phn mm h tr nh: Prodave, microcomputing...
2. Thit kt giao din HMI trn cc mm VisualBiasic, Delphi...
3. Lp trnh hng i tng tng ng vi tng thit b trn s cng ngh kt
hp vi bng quy nh c tin hnh bc 4.
4. Thit lp c s d liu, nht k vn hnh, cnh bo, bo co, v th, truy xut
n my in nu cn thit.
5. Kim tra ton b v tin hnh th tc kt ni.
CHNG 8
LA CHN, LP T, KIM TRA V BO TR H THNG
T bng cu hnh trn cho thy CPU S7-200 ch thch hp cho nhng ng dng
nh v va. Da vo quy m ca h thng, nu h thng sn xut theo dy chuyn th
c th phn dy chuyn ra lm nhiu cm da trn c im cng ngh. Sao cho mi
M s :
S n v hc trnh: 04(LT:3.5;TN:0.5)
Ging vin ph trch: ThS. Lm Tng c
ThS. Khng Cng Minh
KS. Nguyn Mnh H
M T MN HC
Mn hc iu khin logic trnh by cc kin thc c bn h thng iu khin logic.
Cc vn c cp n iu khin logic, cc phng php phn tch v thit k h
thng iu khin logic. ng thi gio trnh ny trnh by cc kin thc c bn v b lp
trnh PLC. S dng b lp trnh PLC v nghin cu cc vn c lin quan ti ngt,
truyn thng, x l li.
MC TIU MN HC:
Cung cp cho sinh vin nhng kin thc c bn v chuyn su v h thng iu khin
logic. Sinh vin nm vng cc phng php phn tch v tng hp h thng iu khin
logic v nm bt c cc vn c lin quan n thit b lp PLC.
CHNG 0
L THUYT C S (5 LT)
1.1. Khi nim v logic hai trng thi.
1.2. Cc hm c bn ca i s logic v cc tnh cht c bn ca chng.
1.3.Cc phng php biu din hm logic.
1.4. Cc phng php ti thiu hm logic.
CHNG 1
MCH T HP V MCH TRNH T (7 LT)
CHNG 2
B IU KHIN LP TRNH PLC (7 LT)
CHNG 3
PHNG PHP LP TRNH PLC (10 LT)
CHNG 4
NGN NG LP TRNH LADDER (5 LT)
(Phn ny s c nhc li cc chng )
4.1. Thit k chng trnh.
4.1.1. Cc khi chc nng h thng.
4.1.2. V d v mch kho ln.
4.1.3. V d v mch iu khin trnh t.
4.2. Thit k mch logic t hp.
4.2.1. V d mt mch logic t hp.
4.2.2. V d nhiu mch logic t hp.
4.3. Thit k mch iu khin trnh t.
4.3.1. Phng php lp trnh trnh t.
4.3.2. V d iu khin c cu cp phi cho my dp.
4.3.3. Phn nhnh trong iu khin trnh t.
Tm tt.
Cu hi n tp.
CHNG 5
K THUT LP TRNH IU KHIN TRNH T (5 LT)
V d v cc bc th tc tng qut.
5.1. iu khin trnh t dng thanh ghi.
5.1.1. Nguyn l c bn iu khin trnh t dng thanh ghi.
5.1.2. V d v iu khin tay my dng thanh ghi.
5.2. iu khin trnh t dng STEPLADDER.
5.2.1. Hot ng ca mch trnh t STL.
5.2.2. Lnh STL v lp trnh STL.
5.2.3. OR nhnh STL.
5.2.4. AND nhnh STL.
5.2.5. S kt hp cc loi nhnh STL.
5.2.6. S lp li hot ng trnh t.
5.3. V d lp trnh STL iu khin my gp-t.
5.4. ng dng v iu khin trnh t dng lnh ng dng IST.
Tm tt.
Cu hi n tp.
CHNG 6
CC CHC NNG CHUYN DNG TRN PLC (4 LT)
CHNG 7
NHNG NG DNG CA PLC (5 LT)
CHNG 8
LA CHN, LP T, KIM TRA V BO TR H THNG (5 LT)
TI LU THAM KHO
FILE : S7-200-e.pdf
FILE : S7-200New.pdf
FILE : S7-21x-e.pdf
FILE : S7-200N-e.pdf
FILE : S7-200N-e.pdf
FILE : 2h_prime_en.pdf
bit
R
n
MOV-B
EN ENO
IN OUT
NOP P
MOV-B
EN ENO N
IN OUT
BI THC HNH
IU KHIN LOGIC
LU !
Phn a ch vo/ra:
u vo (Input) u ra (Output)
Start I0.0 Khi ng t Q0.0
Stop I0.1 K1 Q0.1
Circuit Breaker I0.2 K2 Q0.2
K3 Q0.3
Yu cu:
Khi ng ng c ng khi ng t Sau 3s ng Relay K1
Sau 2s ng Relay K2 Sau 2s ng Relay K3 Stop Dng ng c,
a cc Relay v trng thi ban u.
Nu ng c ang hot ng m xy ra s c ngn mch Dng ngay lp tc.
Phn a ch vo/ra:
u vo (Input) u ra (Output)
Start I0.0 K1 Q0.0
Stop I0.1 K1 Q0.1
Reset I0.2 K3 Q0.2
S1 I0.3 K4 Q0.3
S2 I0.4 n Run Q0.4
n Stop Q0.5
Yu cu:
Khi ng n RUN sng ln; K1, K2 khi ng, liu khc nhau c cung
cp bi hai bng ti S3 tc ng Dng K1, K2; Khi ng K3 bt u trn
Sau 15s Dng K3; Khi ng K4 xut liu ra khi bnh trn S2 xung mc
thp K4 dng; Qa trnh t ng lp li trong 2 ln na v t ng dng h thng;
n (n stop) sng ln v xanh tt i.
Nu ang lm vic bnh thng m gp s c th n Stop dng khn cp h
thng; sau khi khc phc xong, trc khi chy li phi n Reset xo gi tr c trong
thanh ghi tc thi ca b m bt u li t u.
Phn a ch vo/ra:
u vo (Input) u ra (Output)
Start I0.0 n Xanh 1 Q0.0
Stop I0.1 n vng 1 Q0.1
n 1 Q0.2
n Xanh 2 Q0.3
n vng 2 Q0.4
n 2 Q0.5
Yu cu:
iu khin cc n hot ng theo gin thi gian trn.
Phn a ch vo/ra:
u vo (Input) u ra (Output)
Start I0.0 A1 Q0.0
Stop I0.1 A2 Q0.1
Reset A3 Q0.2
S1 A4 Q0.3
S2 A5 Q0.4
S3
S4
Yu cu:
Cnh tay my thc hin gp vt trn bng chuyn A b sang bng chuyn B.
Trc khi xut pht, v tr ca cnh tay v tr bng chuyn B (S1 tc ng).
n nt Start Cnh tay quay ngc chiu kim ng h S2 tc ng
Dng quay, bng chun A hot ng S3 tc ng Dng bng chuyn A, gp vt
(A5 = 1) S4 tc ng Cnh tay quay cng chiu kim ng h S1 tc ng
Dng Quay, nh vt (A5 = 0; S4 = 0); Sau thc hin lp li hnh trnh nh trn.
Khi c s c bt thng xy ra, n Stop Dng h thng; sau khi khc phc
xong s c n Reset Cnh tay t ng quay v li v tr xut pht ban u v
dng ti y.
CHNG 0: L THUYT C S
CC BI TH NGHIM......................................................................................................190
TI LU THAM KHO