බුද්ධ ඥාන

nqoaO n, nqoaO Yla;s nqoaO [dK .
%yh
inqoaO;ajhg m;au
hkafkys w:h l=ulao @
nqoaO" inqoaO" wNsinqoaO" iudinqoaO hk

f.!rjKSh mo ish,af,ysu tk zznqoaOZZ hk mofha Ou w:h
m<uqfldgu f;are lr .; hq;=h' ;=ka;rd fndahlska tla;rd
fndahlg meK" zznqoaOZZ ;;ajhg m;a jQ ish W;=uka
jykafia,d nqjrhska jykafia,d f,iska Oufha ykajhs' fuys
f,d;=rd nqoaO;ajhg m;au" mflnqoaO ;;ajhg m;au
iy wry;anqoaO;ajhg m;au hkqfjka ;=ka;rd fndah
ykajkq ,nhs' nqoaO" inqoaO" wNsinqoaO" iud inqoaO
hkd jYfhka wo Nd;fha mj;sk mohka tl mqoa.,fhl=g
fyda tl p;hlg fyda fYaIKhla jYfhka wdfrdamkh
lrka jer wdldrhg Nd;dlrkakg mgka .;af;a fn!oaO
idys;Hh ,shq mD;.ack idys;Hhlrejka isks' tfukau fn!oaO
b;sydih ,shQ mD;.ack ksiqka isks' ta Tjqka nqkajykafia fyda
nqoaO;ajh fyda mrud: jYfhka oel ykdfkd.;a fyhsks'
ksjka wjfndaO lr.;a" iir flka ioygu ksoyia jQ
ishu W;a;uhska jykafia,d nqoaO;ajhg m;ajQ fial'
zzf,d;=rd iud inqoaO;ajhZZ fuhska w.% jkfial'

thgo fya;=jla we;' f,dalh nqjrhska jykafia,df.ka ysia jQ
hq.hl" wjia:djl" iajhx N+ {dKfhkau" .=re WmfoaY
rys;ju" ;udf.au ukfia Yla;shu u;=lrka ish flf,ia
uq,a iyuq,skau .,jd Wrd oud W;= nqoaO;ajhg m;au
jeo.;au isuhs' f i|yd ;j;a ndysr .=rejrfhl=f.a .=re
WmfoaYhka fkd,ndu rd. nj" oafI nj" fuday nj iyuq,skau
Wrd .,jd oud ;ukaf.a is; flf,iaj,ska ksoyia
lr.kakg;a" flf,ia Wrd .,jd oud iir flka ioygu
ksoyia jk ksjer ud.h wjfYaI f,dalhdg o m%ldY lr
- 03 -
jkm,dfka is Oud,xldr ys
lshdfokakg;a yels Yla;shla iys; jQ W;a;uhd f,d;=rd

iud inqoaO kka ykajhs'
mfl nqoaO fyj;a mfia nqoaO;ajhg m;ajk W;a;uhd

o wkqkaf.a .=re WmfoaYhla ke;sju iajhx N+ {dKfhkau rd.
nj" oafI nj yd fuday nj Wrd .,jd oud nqoaO ;;a;ajhg
m;afjhs' kuq;a fujka hq.hl" tk wnqoafoda;amdo ld,hl
zzNjZZ Wrd ouk fuu l%ufoh ;j;a flfkl=g m%ldY lr
meye,s lr lshdfokakg fkdyelsu ksid ;uka iajhx N+
{dKfhkau wjfndaO lr.;a Ouh ;udgu muKlau iSud u
ksid mflnqoaO hkqfjka fuu nqoaO nj k l<y'
wry;a nqoaO" ;;a;ajhg m;ajk W;=ukajykafia,d

f,d;=rd nqmshdKka jykafia iska f,dalhdg foaYKdlr
fmkajd jod, ud.hu widk" tA u. wkq.ukh lrka" tA .=re
WmfoaYj,g wkql+,ju ls%hdlrka" idia;Dkajykafia .sh u.
hka ls%hdlr rd. nj" oafI nj" fuday nj iyuq,skau Wrd
.,jd u l< ksid wry;a nqoaO kka ykajhs'
fuys ;=ka;rd fndahgu fmd ,CIKh jkafka zzNjZZ

Wrd uhs' tk rd. nj" oafI nj" fuday nj h<s isf;ys
fkdWmk f,iskau rd.laLh lsuhs' oafIlaLh lsuhs'
fudaylaLh lsuhs' tk fu;=jla ld,hla iirg noao jkakg
fya;= jQ iir ne ;=ku fidhdk iyuq,skau ne lmd oud
nej,ska ksoyia uhs'
f wkqj nqoaO;ajhg m;au hkq iirg nef|k ndfkka

ksoyiauhs' thu zzksndk ip lshdZZ hkqfjka o
yekah'
- 04 -
nqoaO n, nqoaO Yla;s nqoaO [dK .%yh
nqoaO ^NjWoaO & hk ud. mofhka w: .ekajQfha f

; meje;au h,s h,s;a u;= u;=jg;a yslr.kakg fya;=jk
Yla;sh ^Nj& fyda ^nj& Wrd .,jd bj;alr ^WoaAO& bka ioygu
ksoyiau hkakhs' fn!oaOhd hkq nj Wrd oukakg lem
ls%hd lrk flfkl= hk woyihs' fufia Wrd" .,jd bj;a lr
h hq;= ^Nj& jkafka rd. nj" oafI nj yd fuday nj hk ;=ka
flf,ia Njhs'
;a; ix:dkh ;=< rd. .;s meje;Su ksid rd. nj

w;ska Wm' oafI .;s meje;Su ksid oafI nj w;ska Wm'
fuday .;s meje;Su ksid fuday nj w;ska Wm' rd. wkqihx
wkqfia;s" m>wkqihx wkqfia;s wcd wkqihx wkqfia;sZZ"
hkqfjka PPlal iQ;%fha .%y lf,a fufia w;ska wkqih Wm;
,eu ^nj& hkakhs' fuf,i rd. nj" oafI nj" fuday nj
w;ska Wmojd .kska" tAjd idrhs" jkjd hkqfjka ;SrKh
lf<a tA ms<sn|j we;a; we;s iefhka fkdkSu ksiduh' tfia
we;a; fkdokakd wjhl f .;s fyd|hs' jkjd" idrhs lshd
kspfia" iqL fia iqj fia iqn fia l w;a; fia .ekSu l<;a ka
f .;s j, we;s Nhdkl lu ksire nj" wkd: ug fya;=jk
nj h:d m l .;a wdh Y%djlhd tA flf,ia .;s iyuq,skau
Wrd wialr ug leue;af;kau ls%hd lrkafkl= njg m;a
fjhs'
f.!;u fndai;a;=uka wei;= jDCIh mduq, nqoaO

;;a;ajhg m;a jQ nj .sys me iEu flfklau okakd" Yajdi
lrk lreKls' kuq;a fu;ek is jq kshu" ksjer ixisoah
l=ulahs mrud: jYfhka f;are fkd.ekSu nqoaO;ajh
ms<sn|j o f;are fkd.ekSuhs' f.!;u fndai;a;=ud f
wjia:df udrhd iu. igkafldg udrhd mrojd" miqj meKs
;kayd" r;S" rd hk udr jkshka o mrdch lr nqoaO;ajhg m;a
- 05 -
jQ nj fn!oaO idys;Hfha yd fn!oaO b;sydifha fmkajd fok

idudkH ms<s.;a m%ldYkhhs' fuh iu; .%yhlau muKs'
fn!oaOhska hehs lshd .kakd Nla;sfhka nqka woyk

fndfyduhla mD;.ack ksiqka ;ju;a okafka;a" woykafka;a"
wid kf.k we;af;a;a" tfukau isf;a OdrKh lrf.k
we;af;a;a" ydria:dkj, yd fjk;a mQckSh ia:dkj, we| we;s
is;=j wdY%fhka l,dlrefjl=" idys;Hlrefjl= u;=lr fmkajd
ka m" nqka jykafia udr mrdch lsf l:dj i kshu
ksjer nqoaO;ajhg m;au ms<sn|j fkdf' yq ck myka
ixf.h we;s lsu i|yd l,dlrejd idys;H lrejd iska
lrk ,o fujka ksudKhka fudkafid mka;sfha ugug
kqula we;s nd,hka yg .e,fm;;a ksjka ud.hg wkq.;
jkakg W;aidy orK nqoaO Y%djlhskag fuh fkd.e,fmhs'
udrhd" jij;s udr mq;%hd" kue;s iev mreI fr!

mqoa.,fhl= iu. fndai;a;=ud hqo jeKq nj;a" fndai;a;=ukag
wfkaldldr jQ ndOd meK jQ nj;a" jo ka nj;a" f rere
igk gq fohka n%yauhska mjd nfha m,d .sh nj;a ;%hlg
ujd fmkajkafka fn!oaO idys;H lrejdh' l<dlrejdh' tfukau
;reK rEu;a ;reKshka ;=kafofkl= meK fndai;a;=uka
bfha rmEula l< nj mjikafka;a idys;Hlrejd iy l,d
lrejdh'
fn!oaO idys;Hlrejd" l,d lrejd fukau ;% Ys,amshd o

fn!oaO b;sydih ,shq fndfyda .;al;=jreka o nqoaO p;hla
f.dv k.kakg W;aidy l< nj meye,sju fmkajd h hq;=h'
kuq;a mrud: jYfhka nqoaO Oufha yrh f,i fmkajd ka
nqoaO;ajhg m;au hkq g yd;amiskau fjkia isoahls' fuh
wOHd;al mhdihls' is; yd uki uq,alrf.k ff;da
uqla;sh yd m%{d uqla;shg m;auls' fujka wOHd;alj
- 06 -
islr.;a Y=oahla" uqla;shla fmkajd fokakg wfmdfydi;a

jQ l,dlrejd ndysr jYfhka hqoaOhla lrka udrhd mrdch l<
nj nqoaOd. fmd;am;a j, ,shd ;nd l=vd orejkag W.kajk
wdldrh fkdu. hjk iq oYkhls' fuu idys;H lrejdf.a yd
l,dlrejdf.a ixl,am j,ska ksoyiaj is;d nqoaO;ajhg
m;au hkak ms<sn|j h:dN+;{dK oYkhla ,nd.kakg
fn!oaOhska yehg wm W;aidy h hq;=h' l=vd ld,fha
bf.k.;a f woaN+; wNjH foa h hk;=reu isf;ys ordf.k
isk fndfyda mD;.ack mqoa.,hska wog;a wm w;ru j;a fjhs'
;% Ys,amshd" l,dlrejd" idys;Hlrejd fukau

b;sydi{hd o nqoaO;ajh ms<sn|j wd. woykakkag"
Nla;sjka;hskag" .e,fmk wdl,amhlska nqoaO p;h foi
n,kakg ksiqkaj mqre lrk kuq;a" h:djd ;:dld f,iska
mgq wdl,am j,ska Tng f.dia" momru iu;fhka "
mrud: jYfhka nqka l .kakg W;aidy fkdlsu n,j;a
jrols' wm fn!oaOhska yehg" ksjka ud.h fidhd hkakka
yehg" yeu gu w;a hlg is;d n,d mrud: Ouhu
wjfndaO lr.kakg W;aidy h hq;=h'
zzfhda mp iuqmamdox miai;s
fida Oux miai;s
fhda Oux miai;s
fida ux miai;s
hk nqoaO NdIs;fhka fuh fudkjg meye<s lrfohs'
fuys f;areu hfula nqka olskakg k mp iuqmamdo Ouh
kue;s fya;=m, Ouh mila fldg l.; hq;=h' f moje,a
lshu fyda momru f,iska th k .ekSu fyda muKlao f
i|yd m%udKj;a fkdf'
zznqoaOZZ hk ud. mofha w:h .%y lr fmkajkakg

W;aidy lrk fndfydauhla isxy, NdIdj W.;a W.;=ka f
- 07 -
i|yd wjfndaOh ^nqoaO}wjfndaOh& hk moh fhdod f.k we;'

;j;a ;ekl nqoah - nqoau;a hk moh o f i|yd fhdodf.k
we;' nqoaO ^NjWoaO& ^N=WoaO&hk moj, Ou w:h jkafka
W.;alu" nqoau;alu fyda wjfndaOh hk isxy, moj,ska .%y
jk w:h k fkdf' th jer .%yhls' nqoaO" nqoaOx" nqoafOda
hkd ud. moj,ska .%y jkafka zzNj Wrd uQZZ hk
w:hhs' tk rd. nj" oafI nj" fuday nj ^flf,ia Nj&
Wrd uq hk w:h tys we;'
nqoau;a hk mofhys w:h jkafka NjjDh hkakhs'

f,dalh ilialr .gu mj;ajdf.k hkakg k rd. nj" oafI
nj yd fuday nj jOkh lr.; hq;=hs' Nj jDh ^nqoah&
ksid ksiqka nqoau;a hk ;;ajhg m;afjhs' tk u;af
iajNdjhls' Nj ^nj& hk mofhys yslsug Wmldr jk" hk
w:hla we;' tfukau Nj hkq c wjia:dj f,iska o fmkajdh
yelsh' Wmamc;s hk wjia:djg fmr wjia:dj zzNjZZ
wjia:djhs' c wjia:djhs'
mqoa.,fhl=f.a i;ajfhl=f.a bmu meje;au" j;au

fukau mxpialkaohka Wmdodkh lr.ekSu h,s h,s;a u;=
u;=jg;a isoaO lrkafkau" ksudKh lrkafkau ms%h foag wef,k
rd.nj" wms%h foag .efgk oafI nj yd ms%h wms%h w;r uksk
ûdkh& uq,dnj ^fudaynj& hk uQ,sl .;s ,CIKhka ;=ku ;u
;uka ;=<u ls%hd;aul jk fyhsks' f .;s ,CIKhka ;=ku
mD;.ack mqoa.,fhl=f.a is;la ;=< ksrka;rju Wm; ,nk"
ksudKh jk" iuqoh jk .;s ksidu fjd zzNjZZ hk mofhka o
.%y lr fmkajd kay' zzWmdodk mphd Nj" Nj mphd cd;sZZ
hkqfjka mp iuqmamdo .%yfha fuh meye,s lr fmkajd
we;'
- 08 -
rd. .;sh mj;skd ;=rdjg is;l h,s h,s;a zzrd. njZZ

Wmk nj;a" oafI .;sh mj;sk ;=rdjg is;l h,s h,s;a
zzoafI njZZ Wmk nj;a" fuday .;sh is;l mj;sk ;=rdjg h,s
h,s;a zzfuday njZZ Wmk nj;a" Oufha fmkajd we;' f
wkqj rd. .;s yd rd. nj hkq tllau fkdf' .;s yd Nj hkq
wjia:d folls' rd. .;sh is;la ;=< ;ekam;a jQ we;=<g .;a
fohls' zz.;sZZ hkq .kakjd" .;a;d" ;ekam;a lr.;a;d hk
w:hhs' zznjZZ hkq w;ska yslr" ksudKh lr .kakjd
hkqhs' h,s h,s;a w;ska ksudKh lr fkd.;af;a k zzNjZZ
wkq;amdo ksfrdaO fjhs' h,s fkdWmhs' f wkqju oafI nj yd
fuday nj hk moj,ska o w: .ekafjkafka w;ska yslr
ksudKh lr .;a;d hkqhs' zzmqknfjdaZZ zzhdhx ;kayd
mqknfjdaZZ zzkF odks mqknfjdaZZ hkd jYfhka fmkajd
kafka fufia w;ska ksudKh lsu yd ksudKh lsu
keje;au ms<sn|jhs' f ksid Nj" ixNj" mqknj wd ishu
moj, w:h w;ska yslr ksudKh lr .ekSuhs' fufia
w;ska ksudKh lr .kakd foa rd. wkqih" m> wkqih
wcd wkqih f,iska o Oufha meye,s lr we;'
j;au" meje;au .gu mj;ajdf.k hdu" ms<sn|j h

wjfndaOhla muKla ,enq mqoa.,hd mD;.ack mqoa.,fhls' p;=
wh iphka ms<sn|j i;HdjfndaOh îlshdh& ,nd zznj
Wrd uqZZ mqoa.,hd nqoaO;ajhg m;a jQ W;a;uhdhs' wjfndaOh
yd i;HdjfndaOh hk mo foflys w:hka o fjkiah'
wjfndaOh hkak f,dalh ms<sn|j h IhdkqnoaO kqula ,en
.ekSuhs' i;HdjfndaOh hkq f,dalh o n,d f,dalfhka tf;r
jkakg yels Yla;sh ,nd .ekSuhs' f wkqj wjfndaOh hkak
f,!ls l jQ ; a ks j kg m% u dKj;a fkdjq ; a kq u ls '
uydpdhjrfhl=f.a kqu wjfndaOhhs' fida;dm;a;s M,hg
m;ajqfjl=f.a lau i;HdjfndaOhhs' f fol iudk l<
fkdyelsuh'
- 09 -
f wkqj rd. nj" oafI nj" fuday nj is;ska Wrd bj;a

lr f {dKhkau nqoaO {dKhka f' rd. nj" fuday nj"
oafI nj Wrd ouk n,hu nqoaO n,h fjhs' rd. nj" oafI
nj" fuday nj iyuq,ska Wrd oud ,nk uqla;shu m%{d
uqla;sh f'
mp iuq q m a m do Ouh fkdk" h:dm

mpiuqmamdo .%yfha ;smjghu f;are fkdf.k"
p;=rdh i;Hhka wjfndaO lr .; fkdyelsh' Nj ksfrdaO lr"
cd;s ksfrdaO l< fkdyelsh' iud wx.hka f;are .;
fkdyelsh' iud hg m;au fyda iud iudhg m;au
fyda iud {dK ,eu fyda iud uqla;shg m;aug fyda
yelsjkafka mP iuqmamdo .%yfha l=i,uQ, Woafoaih
ksjerju k wkq.ukh lsfukau muKs'
iud inqoaO;ajhg m;au kue;s wisu;a isu

isjkafka wh mfhaIKhl fhfoka" ixLdr ksfrdaO lr" Nj
Wrd bj;alr wialr oukakg ls%hdlsu u.skau muKs' zzNj
ksfrdafOda cd;s ksfrdafOdaZZ hkak fuys imQJ lr.; hq;=h'
iud inqoaO;ajhg m;ajk ishu W;a;uhska

^;=ka;rd fndafhkau& wdh wGdx.sl ud.h imQK
lrf.k" iud {dK ,ndf.k ^nqoaO {dKhka& iud
uqla;shg m;ah hq;=uh' f i|yd iud hu uq,a f'
îud mqnx.ud& wh wIaGdx.sl ud.h imQK
lr.;a miqj muKla kjjeks wx.h jQ iud {dK tk nqoaO
{dKhka ,efnhs' tA nqoaO {dKhka ,enq W;a;uhd flf,ia uq,a
Wrd ouhs' fuys i|yka jk nqoaO {dKhka hkq Nj Wrd
ouk hk w:h f.k fok nqoaO {dKfhdahs' flf,ia Wm;
,nk uq,a jkafka rd. nj" oafI nj yd fuday nj hk uq,a ;=khs'
- 10 -
fufia flf,ia uq,a Wrd uq miqj muKla iud uqla;sh

kue;s oi wx.hu imQK wry;a M,h CId;a CId;a lr.kS'
zzfndai;ajZZ hk wjia:df Nj Wrd oukakg

Wmldr jk mfhaIKhka lrka" Bg wjYH jkakd jQ lreKq
ldrKd fidhka isk wjia:djhs' nqoaO;ajhg m;a jQ
nqmshdKka jykafiau jrla f nj m%ldY lr we;' îxhq;a;
ksldh - k.r iQ;%h& zzmqfj f NslaLf ifndaOd"
wkNsinqoaOiai" winqoaOiai" fndai;a;iafij" if;da
t;ofydaisx kspx j;dhx f,daflda wdmkafkda cdh;s p" h;s p"
h;s p" pj;sp" Wmamc;s p" w: p mksuiai laLiai
ksiairKx kmamcdkd;sZZ
nqoaO;ajhg m;ajQ miqj" ;uka jykafiau nqoaO;ajhg

m;ajkakg fmr fnda i;ajhka f,iska wjfndaO lr.kakg
nejQ fndfyda foa ka h:dN+; {dKfhka m%;HCI lr l .;a
nj fuhska meye,s lrhs'
zzmqfp f ifndaOdZZ hkqfjka m%ldY lf,a

inqoaO;ajg m;ajkakg fmr ;ukajykafia winqoaO h'
wkNsinqoaO h' fnda i;a;iai h' tk Nj Wrd fkduQ"
Nj Wrd oukakg fkdo;a" Nj Wrd ouk u. fidhka .sh
flfkl= muKla h hkak fuys f;areuhs' fya;=M, Ouh .ek
mQK wjfndaOhla fkd;snQ nj;a ^kmamcdks;s& Wm;" j;a u"
meje;au" hhdu jeks foa fya;=jla ksidu isjk fya;=M,
oyugu wod, nj h:dN+; {dKfhka wjfndaO lr .kakg
wiu;a jQ nj;a m%ldY l<y' ishu f,dali;ajhd f ;
meje;afuka ksoyiajkakg fkdk" bka h fkdyels
wdldrfhkau" W.=,lg wiq is' h,s h,s;a W.=,gu wiqu i
bka ksoyiaug u.la fkdokS ^kmamcdkd;s& Wm;la ,nhs'
j;afjhs' la hs' h mrf,dj hhs' iem yUdf.dia lu
- 11 -
Wreu lr.ekSula kd fjk;a lsis yrhla f ; meje;au

mj;ajdf.k hdf ke;s nj f;are .kakg neuu f
W.=f,kao ksoyia jkakg ne uhs'
fujka ishu m%Yak j,g" .eg j,g uq,a jQ fya;=j

jkafka wei" lK" kdih" j lh yd uk hk wdh;khka
yfhkau ms%hukdm foaj,g inkaOuhs' neuhs' wd,h"
wdorh" we,Su" ;kaydu" Wmdodkh lr .ekSu wdYdj" f,daNlu
hkd mo j,ska .%y lr fmkajd fok ,oafoa ms%h kaokh"
wdiajdoh h,s h,s;a |f" mskf wjYH;djhhs'
leue;a;hs' ukdmhhs' thu rd.S njg m;aug fya;=j o fjhs'
f,daN nj" ;kayd nj f ksidu is;l Wm; ,nhs' fujka jQ rd.
nj" f,daN nj" ;kayd nj is;ska Wrd .,jd oud WfmaCLd is;la
we;s lr .ekSu l ke;s lr .ekSf ksjer ud.hhs' thu nj
Wrd oud nqoaO njg m;auhs' fufia iirg ne| ;nk ne
ksudKh lrk rd. nj" f,daN nj" oafI nj" fuday nj
ksfil=g uki fufyhjd ;u is;skau Wrd bj;alr oud
ksoyiaf ud.hla l%ufohla ke;ak nqoaO;ajhg m;a jQ
nq flfkla f,dalhdg fujka nqoaO Ouhla foaYkd lrkafka o
ke;' f rd. nj" oafI nj" fuday nj m%dfhda.sl ls%hdud.hla
wkq.ukh lsfukau is;ska .,jd Wrd oud bka ksoyia h yels
ksidu nqoaO Ouh foaikd lr f,dalhdg ksjer u. fmka jQ
fial'
mD;.ack f,dalhd rd.fhka u;a " oafIfhka u;a "

fudayfhka u;a udkfhka u;a ls%hdlrk Ou;djhla
f,djmj;S' ms%h" wms%h foaj,aj,g fufia u;a ls%hd lrk
mD;.ack f,dalhdg ixidr flka ksoyia jk ksjer
ud.hla .ek ys;d .kakg j;a" l,amkd lrkakgj;a Yla;shla
fyda yelshdjla ke;s jkafka Tjqka rd. oafI fuday .;s ksid u;a
- 12 -
" Wkau;a;lhska f,iska ls%hd lrkakg u ksidh' zzif

m%:q.ackd Wkau;a;ldZZ hehs mejiqf tA ksidh' f wkqj
mD;.ack f,dalhd iem yUdhk kuq;a tfia iem fidhd
yUdhkafka ;ukau u;af m%;sM,hla ksidu nj Tjqkag f;are
.; fkdyelsh' f wkqj m%Yakfhka flka ksoyia jkakg
l,amkd lrk yeu glu mD;.ack f,dalhd h<s;a lrkafkau
;j ;j;a mxpialkao f,dalhu Wmdodkh lrf.k w;skA ;j
;j;a m%Yak yd .eg j,g mg,euhs' fuh woHdjhs'
fkdokakd luhs' flka ksoyia jkakg ;djld,slj fhdok
ishu ms<sh h,s h,s;a nyq, f,iu lgum;a lrjk
wdldrfha tAjduh' f ksid lg uq,ajq fya;=ju fidhd k
zzNjZZ Wrd u u.skau ksndk .d h hq;=h'
rd. nj" fuday nj" oafI nj Wmkafkau is;lh'

w;ska fufia Wm; ,nk zzNjZZ Wrd bj;a lrkakg ls%hd
lsu fnda mdCIsl Ouhka imQK lsug ls%hd lsuhs'
fndai;aj ;;ajh thhs'
2' Nj ksfrdafOda cd;s ksfrdafOda
ud. nqoaO NdIs;fha fmkajd jod, Nj îxNjx" iuqoh"

ixN+;x& hk mohka yd cd;s ^Wmamc;s" Woh" W;am;a;s& hk
moj, w:h ksjerj f;are .; hq;=h'
kQ;k .sys me fndfyda W.;=ka ,shq yd mj;kh l<

fndfyduhla isxy, fmd;a m;a j, Njh ^ njh& hkqfjka
jerhg mohla ,shd olajd Nd;d lrk w;r ud. NdIdf
Njh ^njh& hkqfjka ,shd mohla Nd;d lr ke;s nj fmkajd
h hq;=h' zzWmdodk mphd Nj" Nj mphd cd;sZZ hkqfjka
fmkajq ;ekg zhZ hkakla tl;=lr ,su fyda lshu o jerh'
th nqoaO Ouh lD;s lsuls'
- 13 -
nqoaO foaYkdf Nj" ixNj ^c& hk moj,ska fmkajqfha

fyda woyia lf,a Wm; fyda cd;s fyda fkdf' f mofhka ^Nj&
.%y lf<a lu c wjia:djhs' tk Wm;g fmr wjia:djhs'
chla ilia fkdjqk fyd;a me,hla Wmoaoh fkdyelsh'
mp iuqmamdo .%yfha tk zzWmdodk mphd Nj" Nj mphd
cd;sZZ hkqfjka fmkajd jod, wdldrh b;du msisj f;are .;
yelsh'
zzhdhx ;kayd fmdfkdNld" mqknfjda;sZZ f wd

moj,ska o fmkajd kafka zzNjZZ ^c& wjia:djhs' fuys w:h
k hula h,s h,s Wm; ,nkafkau c ksmojk ksiduh hkakhs'
c ys fkdlrk wjia:djl Wm;la isoaO h fkdyelsh' ^kF
odksmqknfjda& f wkqj mqkre;am;a;s l:djla nqoaO Ouhg
fkd.e,fma' mqk mqkdzNjZ ysu mqknfjda;s hkakhs' th nq
oyug .e,fmhs'
lu c is;la ;=< Wm; ,ef l%uh ;uka ;=<skau

f;are f.k" lu c iyuq,skau Wrd .,jd oud h,s lu c
fkdWmk f,iskau ^wkqmamdo f,iska& is; msis lr.ekSu
i|yd Nj Wrd h hq;=h' fufia Nj Wrd uq nqmshdKka
jykafiau fujka m%ldYhla lr jod,y'
{dKxp mkf oiaikx Womd"
wl=mamd f ff;da uqla;s
whuka;s ud cd;s" kFodks mqkNfjdaZZ
;uka ;=< u;= u;=;a cd;s Wmojd .kakd c Yla;sh ka

ke;s nj;a" ys lsf Yla;sh jQ zNjZ uq,skau Wrd wialr uq
nj;a" tA wkqj h,s Wm;la fkd,nk w;r f ;ukaf.a wjika
Wm;hs hkak o fuys m%ldY l< fial'
- 14 -
f wkqj ixidr flka ksoyiajkakg k u;=

Wm;la ^cd;s& ,eu" wjika l< hq;=h' Wm;g uq,a jQ fya;=j
jkafka zNjZ ils%hj mej;Suhs' Nj h,s;a ys lsu ^c ilia
lsu& kj;d uq miqj" Nj Wrd uq miqj" h,s iirg nef|k
ne o ilia fkdf' fuh nqoaO ;;a;ajhg m;auhs'
Nj Wrd oukakg Wmldr jk ls%hdldrl - lrKSh

Ou - f;are f.k th ls%hd;aul lsu NjWoao jYfhka
fmkajd ks' fn!oaO hkqfjka fuh iu; NdIdf i|yka fjhs'
lrKSh Ou lrk" wlrKSh Ou fkdlrk mqoa.,hd
fn!oaOfhls'
Nj Wrd uq miqj th w;S;hg .sh w;S; fohla f'

N+Woao nqoaO hk fuu w;S;ld, moh Nd;d jkafka Nj Wrd
uq W;a;uhska i|ydu muKs'
crd" urK" fYdal" mfoaj" la" fodkia Wmdhdi wd

ish,a,u Wm;la isoaOu;a iu.u Wreu jk m,mdlhkah' f
ish wdldr jQ la lkaordfjkau ksoyia jkakg k Wm; k jQ
fya;=fjkau ksoyia h hq;=uh' Wm; isjk yeu glu cd;s"
crd" urK" fYdal" mfoaj" la" fodkia tA iu.u Wreu fjhs'
Wm;g o ksh; jQ" uq,a jq fya;=jla we;' Wm;g fya;=j lu c
ksmou yd ksmo jQ c ils%hj meje;Suhs' luc hkqfjka
woyia lf,a flf,ia .;Skah' flf,ia .;s r|d mj;skafka
nUhla muK jQ Yr l+vqj ;=<u we;s ufkdauh lh ;=<h' f
wkqj ;ukaf.au ufkdauh lh ;=< .nvd mj;sk flf,ia .;s
ksjerju k ykdf.k tA flf,ia .;Ska Wrd oud h,s
flf,ia nj fkdWmojkakgu Wmldr jk m%;smodj wkq.ukh
lsfuka Nj Wrd u o isoaO fjhs' fufia flf,ia .;s
iyuq,skau Wrd oud h,s flf,ia fkdWmk ;;a;ajhg
mdY=oaO jQ W;a;uhd nqoaO;ajhg m;a jQ W;a;ufhls' f,d;=rd
- 15 -
nqoaO" mfl nqoaO" wry;a nqoaO hk l=uk ;;a;ajhlska

nqoaO;ajhg m;ajqj;a zzNj Wrd u wksjdhfhkau
islr.; hq;=uh' Nj Wrdoud bka ksoyia jq ishfokdu
wry;=kajykafia,dh' m%{d uqla;shg m;a jQ whh' p;=rdh
i;Hh wjfndaO lr.;a wdhhkajykafia,dh' ixidr h .uk
bhg;a meje;au kj;d uqjkah'
zzprZZ nj wjika l< ksid ldudjpr f,dalj, fyda

rEmdjpr f,dalj, fyda wrEmdjpr f,dalj, fyda h,s
fkdWmhs' f ksidu zzcdprK imkakZZ kka o ykajhs'
ldudjpr hkq ldu f,dalj, ie ieuhs' rEmdjpr hkq
rEmf,dalj, ie ieuhs' wrEmdjpr hkq wrEmS f,dalj, ie
ieuhs'
fuys rd. rd. lr" wcd y;d lr" ;fuda y;d

lr" cd w.;d" cd Womd" wf,daflda Womd hk Y=oaO jQ
;;a;ajhg o m;afjhs' pr nj kj;d u zzprKZZ hkafkys
f;areuhs'
Nj Wrd oud nqoaO;ajhg m;ajQ W;=uka zzrcx

;u,xZZ hkqfjka o nqoaO foaYkdf ykajhs' fuys rcx hkq
yh wdldr jQ rcia Wrd .,jd bj;a lsuhs' rd.h Wmkafkau
rcia Wmk ksiduh' u,x hkq u,lv ld fudg uhs'
fudayhhs' ;u,x hkq flf,ia lmd ne is| oukakg Wmldr
jk wdldrfhka ukSkash mk fmuhs'
nqoaO;ajhg m;ajQ f.!;u nqmshdKkajykafia tod

miaj. uykq;a we;= msig Ouplalmj;ajk iQ;%h foaYKd
lrk wjia:df th Y%jKh l< fldKav[a[ yduqrefjda
p;=rdh i;Hhka wjfndaO lrf.k" mpiuqmamdo Ouho
wjfndaO lrf.k" oy wei myodf.k iud hgu
- 16 -
m;ajQy' fufia oy wei myod" oiaifkak ixmkakug Wmldr

jQ lau - iud h - f,daflda;a;r iud hhs' Ofuda
ixflda" iuolaLd;d hk ;;a;ajhkag m;aj - zzhx lsx
iuqoh Oux" in;a;x ksfrdaO OuxZZ hkak o h:dm
l.;ay' tk iuqoh hkak f;are f.k - zixZ l iuqoh
ksfrdaO l< hq;=h hk f,daaflda;a;r iud hg m;aj iud
wx.hka wgu h:d m f;are .;ay'
nUhla muK jQ f Yr l+vqj wdY%fhkau ;=kaf,dalhu

mj;sk nj;a" tA lduf,dal" rEmf,dal" wrEmf,dal kue;s
;=kaf,dalhu Wmoaojd .kafka rd. wr" oafI wr yd fuday
wr ksidu nj;a nqmshdKka jykafia meye,sj fmkajd
jod,y'
rd. rd. lr" wr y;d lr" ^;fuda y;d& cd

w.;d hk ;;a;ajhg m;af fujka jQ f,dal wr re
wf,daflda Womd fjhs' cd Womd fjhs' m[a[d Womd
fjhs' wf,daflda Womd hkq ;=kaf,dal wru l" f;are f.k
flf,ia w`r re lsuhs' fN!;sljQ;a" f,!lsljQ;a f
;=kaf,dalhu ksudKh lr.;af;a ;kaydj yd woHdj mj;sk
ksidh' wr ksudKh lr.kafka flf,ia .;s ^wdij" wkqih&
Wmk ;dlal,a muKs' rd.h" oafIh" fudayh hk .;s ;=ku
;u is; ;=<u uq,anei f.k mj;sk nj f;are f.k f
.;s;=ku iyuq,skau Wrd bj;alr u zzNjZZ Wrd nqoaO
njg m;au' ;u ;a;ix:dkh ;=< Wmk" ls%hd;aul jk"
me,mh jk f jer iy.; jQ flf,ia .;s ;=k fjk;a
ndysr lsisfjl=g j;a Wrd bj;a lr oukakg fkdyels nj;a"
;ukagu th Wrd bj;alr oukakg yels nj;a" ukd fldg
f;are .;a mqoa.,hd wh Y%djlfhl=" ioaOiai l=,mq;%fhl=
njg o m;afjhs'
- 17 -
3' nqoaO;ajhg m;ajk ishu W;a;uhska my; i|yka lrkq

,nk .=Kdx.j,skao mmQK fjhs'
1' nqoaO ;;ajh" nqoaO nj" hkq ;=ka;rd fndafhka tla;rd

fndahlska nqoaO;ajhg m;auhs' Nj Wrd wialr
uhs' f,d;=rd nqmshdKka jykafia,d;a" mfia
nqjreka jykafia,d;a" ishu wry;a nqjreka
jykafia,d;a zzNj Wrd uqZZ - ish flf,iane lmd
is| uQ W;=ukah' tA ksidu nqoaO k h'
2' nqoaO;ajhg m;ajQ W;=uka jykafia,d yeu flfklau

p;=rdh i;Hhka ukdfldg wjfndaO lr.;a wdhhka
jykafia,d fj;s' laf {dKx" laL iuqofha {dKx
laL ksfrdaf {dKx" laL ksfrdaO .dKs mmod
{dKx hk wh i;Hhka y;ru ukdfldg wjfndaO
lrf.k wdih" wkqih hkq lsuehs f;are f.k" wdij
iuqoh jk wdldrh l" wdih" wkqih ksfrdaO lrkakg
ls%hdlr" wdih wkqih ksfrdaO .dKs m%;smodj ;
ld,h ;=<u ls%hd;aul lrk W;=uka fjhs' tA ksidu nqoaO
k h'
3' wdh wGdx.sl ud.h" f,daflda;a;r ksjka ud.h

f,iskau wjfndaO lrf.k iud fha mgka iud
iudh f;lao" iud {dK" iud uqla;s hk nqoaO
{dK" uqla;s {dK oYkh h:dm wjfndaO lr.;a
W;=uka fjhs' ^f,!lsl wGdx.sl ud.hl=;a mj;sk
nj;a" tA ksjkg m%udKj;a fkdfjk nj;a" tA f,!lsl
iud wx.hka wdi iys; jQ mqkHNd.S jQ" h,s m,mdl
Wreu lr fok ^WmmlaLd& nj;a" h:dm
f;aref.k f,daflda;a;r wdh wGdx.sl ud.hu
- 18 -
fidhd k wjfndaO lr.; hq;=hs'& f wkqj zziudZZ

wx. ^10& imQK lr.ekSu nqoaO njg m;auhs'
4' WNf;da Nd. uqla;shu imQK lr.;a W;=uka nqoaO

njg m;ajQ whhs' ff;da uqla;sh k jQ rd. rd.
lsu;a" m%{d uqla;sh k jq wcd y;d lrka
cd w.;d ;;a;ajhg m;au;a" WNf;da Nd.
uqla;shg m;auhs' fu;ek ,nk ff;da uqla;sh
wl=mamdff;da uqla;shhs' m%{d uqla;sh ksidu wl=mamd
ff;da uqla;sho ,nd.kS' uqla;s {dK oYkh ,eu
jf {dK oYkh my,u" mmiai {dK
oYkh ,eu m%{d uqla;sh ,ef m%;sM,hla f,iska
CId;a CId;a lr.kS' f wkqj WNf;da Nd. uqla;sh
imQK lr .ekSu nqoaO njg m;auhs'
5' ;= k a ; rd fnda hla w;ka tla ; rd fnda hls k a

nqoaO;ajhg m;a jQ ishu W;=uka zz;s% oHd w.;dZZ h'
;s% oHd,dNSka h' mqf ksjdidkqiai;s {dKh"
pQ;+mmdo {dKh" wdjilaLfha {dKh hk nqoaO {dK
;=k ;s%oHd hkakg wh;ah' wNs{d,dNS" wkdh
OHdk,enq" lsisfjl=g fyda fuu ;s%oHd {dK
fkd,efnhs' wIaG wNs{d,dNSfhl=g Wj;a ;s%oHd
{dKhka ,nd .ekSug fkdyels k" kej; kej;
wmd.; jkakg" iir ieirkakg isfjhs' ;s%oHd
{dKhka ,nd.; yels jkafka nqoaO ;;ajhg
m;afukauh'
6' nqoaO ;;a;ajhg m;afjk ishu wdhhka jykafia,d

i;r ud.hka wkq.ukh lrka" .uka u. miqlr"
i;r m,hkagu m;ajQ W;=uka fjhs' fida;dmkak ud.h
miqlr fida;dm;a;s M,hg m;ajqy' ilod.d ud.h
- 19 -
wkq.ukh lr ilod.d M,hg m;ajQy' wkd.d

ud.h wkq.ukh lrka wkd.d M,hg m;ah'
wryka; ud.h wkq.ukh lrka wry;a M,hg
m;ah' f i;r ud.hkau k" ud.hka wkq.ukh
lrka i;r M,hka CId;a CId;a lr.ekS u
wksjdfhkau nqoaO njg m;au hkqfjka o fmkajd h
yelsh' Nj Wrd oud h,s Wm;la fkd,nk ;;ajhgu
m;ajkakg k ^kF odks mqkNfjda& i;r M,hkaf.au
w.ukh imQK lr.; hq;=uh'
7' rd.la L fhda ks ndkx" oa f Ila L fhda ks ndkx"

fudaylaLfhda ksndkx - ( mqoa.,hd i;ajhd" fo nUqka
mjd" iirg ne| ;nk" noaO lrk ne ;=k rd. neu"
oafI neu" fuday neuhs' mD;.ack f,dalhd ;u
bkashhka mskf f,dalh Wrdf ls%hdj,sh
ls%hd;aul lrk ;=reu f ne ;=ku h,s h,s;a ;ukau
ilia lr.kS' ksudKh lr.kS' f ne ;=ku lmd
bj;alr is; ksoyia lr .ekSfuka u ksndk ;;a;ajhg
o m;afjhs' ne ;=fkkau ksoyiaj" ne;=ku lmd u
Nj Wrd u - nqoaO;ajhg m;au hkqfjka o nqoaO
Oufhys fmkajd fohs' h,s h,s;a iir ne w;ska
ilia fkdlrk mqoa.,hd nqoaO k f'
8' nqoaO;ajhg m;au hkq i;a;sia ^37& fndamdCIsl

Ouhkau wjfndaO lr .ekSuhs' zzfndamdCIslZZ hk
mofhka .%yjkafka nqoaO mdCIsl - Nj Wrd wialr
oukakg Wmldr jk Ouh fldgia 37lg fnod fmkajd
uhs' i;r i;smGdkhka jeu" i;r iumam%Odk
jeu" i;r bmdo Ouhka imQK lr.ekSu" mxp
bJsh Ouhka u;=lr .ekSu" mxp n, Ouhka
- 20 -
n,.ekau" i;a; fndcx. ^Nj WoaO lrk Ou

fndcx. kf'& Ouhka imQK lr.ekSu yd wdh
wGdx.sl ud.h îud wx.& imQK lr.ekSu
fufia wkqms<sfj,ska mQKlr.; hq;= Oufhdah' f
i;a;sia fndamdCIsl Ouhka iEu tllskau isoaO
lr.; hq;= jkafka ;u is; ;=<u Wm; ,nk flf,ia
.;s ^Nj& Wrd bj;alr wialr oukakg Wmldr jk
m%;smodj m%dfhda.sl jYfhkau wkq.ukh lrka nqoaO
njg m;auhs' h,s h,s;a flf,ia fkdWmk
wdldrfhkau flf,ia uq,a Wrd oud ;u is; yd uki
hk fo;eku msis lr .ekSuhs'
9' iS, - i;r ixjr iS,h iud - iu:" miaikd -

wkqmiaikd jefuka ixis|u yd m[a[d - ixud
wx. wg imQK lr .ekSu u.ska o hful=
nqoaO;ajhg m;afjhs' f wkqj iS," iud" m[a[d
hk ;s%YsCLd imQK lr .ekSu u.ska o Nj Wrd
oud nqoaO;ajhg m;ah yelsh' zzixZZ l Ofuda
ixflda - iuolaLd;d - iud hk ;=ka
wdldr jQ YsCLd imQK lr.; yels jkafka zzixZZ
f;are .;a muKguh' f wkqj iS," iud" m[a[d
hk ;s% YslaLd imQK lr .ekSu o nqoaO;ajhg
m;auh'
10' mxpldu kSjrK Ouhka ;u is;ska .f;ka"ls%hdfjka

iyuq,skau bj;a lr u o nqoaO njg m;auhs'
ksndk.d uhs' mD;.ack f,dal i;ajhdg ksjka
wjfndaO lr.; fkdyels jk fia ksjk wdjrKh
mj;skafkaufuu mxpldu kSjrKOuhkaf.ka ksjk
wdjrKh mj;sk fyhsks' lduPkaoh" jHdmdoh"
koaOh" Woaop l=lal=p" ls;djh hk f
- 21 -
Ou;djhka my ksidu flfkl= ;u ksjk jidf.k iir la

ka fkdkj;ajdu .uka lrhs' zzprZZ njg m;afjhs' f wkqj
mxpldu kSjrK Ouhka iyuq,skau bj;alr u o nqoaO;ajg
m;auhs'
fuu mxpldu kSjrK Ouhka ksid hful=f.a is;la

ls,s lr wre lrhs o Tyq mxpialkao f,dalhu idrhs lshd
Wmdodkh lr.kS' h,s h,s;a flf,ia .;s isf;a Wm; ,eu;a
iu.u ixidr .uk mj;ajdf.k .ska .gu iir .ufka
.uka lrkakg wjYHjk [a[dK Yla;sh" [a[dK c
ksmojd .kS' nqoaO njg m;au hkq f mxpldu kSjrK Ouhka
iyuq,skau is;ska Wrd .,jd bj;aalr wialr oud h,s tjka
mxpldu kSjrK Ouhka ;u is; ;=< fkdWmojkakgu wjYH
m%;smodj wkq.ukh lsuhs' oi ixfhdackhka m%ydKh jkafka
f wkqjuhs'
fuu lreKq ldrkd oyh .eku .eUqka is;d n,d

f;are.kakd g Tng wjfndaO h hq;= jeo.;au fohla o uu
fu;ek Tng meye,s lr fokafk' f lreKq ldrkd oyh
;=< fld;ekl fyda OHdk .ek fyda wNs{d .ek fyda
bmd;sydh .ek fyda lisk Ndjkd .ek fyda OHdk imQK
lr.ekSf wjYH;djhla .ek fyda fmkajd ke;s nj f;are
.; hq;=h' h flfkla OHdk ,eug" wNs{d ,eug"
bm%d;sydh mEug" n%yau;ajhg m;afjkakg n,dfmdfrd;a;=
fjka h ud. m%;smodjla wkq.ukh lrkafka k tjka foa
,nd.; yels jk w;r tA u.skao ksjka u. jeiS hgm;a jkafkah'
f wkqj f;are .;hq;= jeo.;au ldrkh jkafka OHdk fyda
wNs{d fyda ,nd.ekSu" nqoaO njg m;aug" u.M, ,nd.ekSug
wksjdhfhka wjYH jQ wx.hla fkdjk njhs'
- 22 -
nqoaO;ajhg m;ajkakg fmr fndai;a jQ f.!;u

nq ka j yka f ia o wkdh OHdkhka wggu m;a h'
wNs { d,dNs f hl= o h' kuq ; a ;uka tA jk g;a
wNsinqoaO;ajhg m;afkdjQ" wkNsinqoaO jQ fndai;a;iai
muKla jQ nj nqoaO;ajhg m;a jQ miqj nqmshdKka jykafiau
m%ldY lr we;' ^Nh fNarj iQ;%h& OHdkhka ,eu" wNs{d
,eu" ff;da uqla;shg m;au" iud ,eu fukau
bm%d;sydhhka mEu f.!;u nqmshdKka nqoaO;ajhg
m;ajkakg fmr;a j;a jQ ksiqka w;f m%dfhda.slju ms<s.;a"
Nd;fha mej;=k foaj,ah' kuq;a flf,ia ^nj& Wrd oud
nqoaO;ajhgm;af l%uhla tA lsis wNs{d,dNsfhl= oek
fkdishy' f wkqj rd." oafI .;sfol ;djld,slj hgm;a
lrf.k f,!lsl jYfhka hlsis f,!lsl iqjhla ,nd.kakd
l%u fohla fmr mgkau f,dalhd Nd;d l<y' k ishy' th
;djld,sl iqjhls' g fmr nqoaO idikhka mej;s hq.hkays o
ksiqka rd. nj" oafI nj" fuday nj iyuq,skau Wrd wialr
oud nqoaO;ajhg m;aj isnj iuyr ksiqka wid k ishy'
kuq;a tA i|yd wkq.ukh l<hq;= kshu ksjer ud. m%;smodj
Nd;fhka bj;aj OHdk ,ef wNs{d ,ef l%uhla muKla
Nd;fha mej;=ks' f.!;u Y%uKhka jykafia fidhd k
f,dalhdg foaYkdlr jodf,a Nj Wrd oud ksoyia jk
l%ufohhs'
fmr nqoaO idikhkays fukau f f.!;u nqoaO idikh o

h iS; jQ ld, mrdYhla ;=< muKla Nd;fha mej;S l%ufhka
Ouh wNd;hg f.dia nqoaO njg" wry;a nqoaO njg m;af
ksjer l%ufoh o ksiqka w;ka wNdjhgu m;a jkafkauh'
kuq;a f moje,a momru f,i Nd;fha mj;skafkah'
wkqrdOmqr hq.fha w.Nd.fha fukau fmdf,dkakre

hq.fha o ;djld,slj wNdjhg .sh nqoaO idikh foaj wd.
- 23 -
ixl,am j,g hg iyuq,skau nqoaO Ouh hgm;a wd.ula

muKla njg m;au meye,sj fmkajd h yelsh' fufia
;djld,slj hgm;aj ;snq nqoaO idikh tk nqoaO ;;ajhg
m;af ksjer m%;sm;a;s ud.h" h,s u;= lr Nd;hg .kafka
o ;j;a ksfil= iskauh' fofhl=g" n%yaufhl=g fyda fjk;a
wukqiaifhl=g fyda i;ajfhl=g fyda nqoaO idikhla u;= lrka
wjfYaI f,dalhdg;a nqoaO ;;ajhg m;af ksjer ud.h
u;=lr fmkajdf yelshdjla fyda Yla;shla ,efnkafka o ke;'
4' nqoaOx" Oux" ix>x
1' zz.Pd irKx nqoaOx

.Pd irKx Oux
.Pd irKx ix>xZZ
2' zzkF f irKx w[a[x nqoafOda f irKx jrx"

kF f irKx w[a[x Ofuda f irKx jrx"
kF f irKx w[a[x ixf>da f irKx jrx"ZZ
ud. NdIdfjka foaikd lrk ,o f m%ldYK folu

nqoaO Yla;sh hkq l=ulahs f;are .kakg Wmldr jk m
w: .%y lr f;are .; hq;=h' f m%ldYK foflysu fmkajd
u;=lr ka nqoaO" Ou" ix> hk ;s%Odldr r;akhkau Wmldr
lr.; hq;= jkafka iir ieieu kj;d ugh' iir ne
Wrd .,jd bj;a lr uu fuys wjOdrKfhka m%ldY lr
we;' pr" ir" ie ir" wd moj,ska ud. NdIdf fmkajqfha
ixidr .uk idrj;a tlla fia l .ska .gu iir meje;au
mj;ajdf.k hkakg Wmldr jk ls%hdldrl lsf m%;sM,hla
f,i Wreu jk .uka lsuhs' nqoaO" Ou" ix> hk ;s%O
r;akhu ksfil= iska Wmldr lr.; hq;= jkafka ;
- 24 -
meje;au ;=< h,s h,s;a Wm; ,nk flf,ia .;s ^mqkNfjd;s&

Wmoaou kj;d oukakgh' flf,ia .;s iyuq,skau Wrd bj;a
lr oud la iy.; meje;au wjika lrkakgh' iuqoh f;are
f.k ksfrdaOh CId;a CId;a lr .kakgh' tk p;=rdh
i;Hhkau wjfndaOlr .kakgh'
ldudjpr" rEmdjpr" wrEmdjpr hk ;=kaf,dalh ;=<u

mj;skafka zzprZZ njls' .uka lsf iajNdjhls' zprZ nj hkq
fkdkj;ajdu hk .ukl fhfok iajNdjhls' f fkdkj;ajdu
hk .uk hkakg ^h .ukg& - h Yla;s m%Njhla wjYH fjhs'
zixZ idrhs lshd olsk ;=rdjgu f Yla;sh ysfjhs' ixidr
.uk hdf l ksudKh lr fohs' flka ioygu ksoyia
jkakg k h,s h,s;a Wm;a ,n ,nd ue ue hk ixidr .uk
^pr nj& zprKZ njg m;alr" .uk wjika l< hq;=h' zprZ hkq
.uka lsuhs' zprKZ hkq .uk keje;auhs' f wkqju zirZ
hkq .uka lsuhs' zirKxZ hkq .uka lsu keje;aug wjYH
ls%hdldrl lsuhs' f ksjer ls%hdldrl lsfuka Nj Wrd
h hq;=h' Nj Wrd ^nqoaO& wialr u u.ska zprKZ njg
m;au o isfjhs' f i|yd wjYH ud. m%;smodj fidhd k
u. wkq.ukh lsu z.PdZ hk mofhka meye,s lrhs' f
wkqj zz.Pd irKx nqoaOxZZ hehs nqoaO foaikdf m%ldY l,
foa mrud: Ouhla f,i l .;a g zziir ieieu kj;d
ug Nj Wrd bj;a lrk u. wkq.ukh l< hq;=hZZ hkak
wjfndaO f'
zixZ idrhs lshd" idrj;a fia fuf;la l,la gqf"

inkaO;d we;s lr.;af;a" rd. nj oafI nj" fuday nj
ls%hd;aul f m%;sM,hla yehghs' f .;sj, ksiaidr;ajh"
widr;ajh is fia" ukdm fia mj;ajkakg " kj;ajkakg
fkdyels nj h:dm l.;a miqj tA .;s ;=ku h,s h,s;a
yslsu kj;d oud zzcd prK ixmkakZZ ;;a;ajhg m;auu
- 25 -
.pd irKx nqoaOx hk moj,ska o .uH fjhs' zzprZZ nj

mj;skafka zzNjZZ Wrd ouk f;la muKs' Nj Wrd uq
W;a;uhd pr nj kj;d oud zzprKZZ ;;ajhg m;ajQfjls'
f wdldrfhkau fya;=M, Ouhg nyd .,md n,d"

khg ii|d n,d zzprZZ ^wkh& ;;a;ajhg fya;= mdol jQ
fya;=M, mrmrdfjka o ksoyia u zz.Pd irKx OuxZZ
hkafkys w:hhs' fu;ek Oux hkq fya;=M, Ouh - mp
iuqmamdo Ouhu kf.k wkq.ukh lsuhs' mp iuqmamdo
Ouh h:dm mila fldg l.;a flfkl=g i" ksjka
wjfndaO lr.kakg Wmldrjk" iuqoh ksfrdaO lrkakg Wmldr
jk" W;= nqoaO Ouh l.;a flfkl=hehs mejish fkdyelsh'
nqoaO Ouh fmkajd jod, ud.h wkq.ukh lsu ;=<ska rd.
nj" oafI nj fuday nj Wrd oud ksoyia jkakg yels
Yla;shla ,efnkafka woHd uQ, mp iuqmamdo ls%hdj,sfhys
wdkj wdksixi l l=i,uQ, mpiuqmamdo ls%hdj,sfhka
flf,ia uq,a Wrd fuks' f ksid Ouh Wmldr jkafka o
zzprZZ nj wjika lr zzprKZZ ;;ajhg m;augh'
tAjdf.au zz.Pd irKx zix>xZ hkafkys Ou w:h

jkafka" zixZ l" Ofuda ixflda hk ;;a;ajh f;aref.k
ixj,ska ksoyiajkakg zixZ .id | yer ksoyia h hq;=h
hkakhs' f wkqj zix>Z hk moh zixZ ^rd." oafI" fuday& .id
| yer uq hk f;areu we;s mohls' iud hg m;au
isjkafka o iuqfo m%ydKfhka zix WrdZ fuks' ix> hk
mofhys fhdod.;a z>Z ^>xGdr& .hkafkka woyia lrkafka hula
.y, |, lmd oud is| u hkakhs' idudkH Nd;fha tk z.
hkak Nd;d lrkafka hulg .Eu ydu hk w:h .%y
lrkakghs' ix.Ksld fodaIh hkq idrj;a foa tl;=lr Bgu yd
isu .e isu hk w:hhs' we,Sf" .ef" Wmdodkh
- 26 -
lr.ekSf fodaIh ix.Ksld fodaIhhs'
zzkF f irKx w[a[x nqoafOda f irKx jrx"

Ofuda f irKx jrx" ixf>da f irKx jrxZZ wd jYfhka
tk ud. moj,ska m%ldYjk Ou w:h f wkqidrfhkau
f;are .; hq;=h' zirKxZ hkq ^prK& pr nj keje;au iir
ie ir nj keje;au hk w:fhks'
1' Nj Wrd u u.ska zprZ nj wjika l<yelsh' tA rd.

Nj" oafI nj yd fuday nj Wrd bj;a lr uhs'
nqoafOda hkq Nj Wrd uq hkakhs' nqoaOx hkq Nj Wrd
f ls%hdj,sfha ksr; uhs'
2' fya;=m, Ouhg nyd .,md n,d khg ii|d n,d l=Kq
i,d yeu u.ska pr nj wjika lrka prK ;;a;ajhg
m;ah yelsh' tA Ofuda f irKx hkakhs'
3' ixjr ixisjd iud ;;a;ajhg m;au zixf>daZ hk
;;a;ajhg m;auhs' tA ix>x irKx hkakhs'
kuq;a wo jkg nqoaO NdIs;fha tk fuu moje,a j,g

momru w: .%yhla bm;a lrka iu; ms<s.ekSula
yehg m%ldY lrkafka"
zznqkaf.a irK i ug fjk;a irKla ke;'

Oufha irK i ug fjk;a irKla ke;'
ix> irK i ug fjk;a irKla ke;'ZZ hkqfjks'
nqoaO foaYKdf meye,sju m%ldY lf,a zzwF:dys w;a; fkd
kdf:da - fldys kdf:da mrdishdZZ hkqfjks' tfia k tod
nqoaO;ajhg m;ajQ tod msksjka md jod, nqmshdKka jykafia
fyda msksjkamd jod, uyd ix>r;akh fyda wmg l=uk
wdldrhlska wo msysgjkako@ f l< fkdyels fohls' ;u
- 27 -
;ukaf.au is;a ;=< nUhla muK jQ f Yrl+vqj ;=<u mj;sk

;=kaf,dalhu l f ;=ka f,dalfhkau ksoyia jkakg k
zzNjZZ Wrd h hq;=h' fya;=M, oyug nyd .,md n,d khg
ii|d n,d ls%hd l<hq;=h' zzix>ZZ ;;a;ajhg m;ah hq;=h' tfia
l< yels jkafka zixZ l.ekSfukauh' iir ieir iajNdjh
kj;d oukakg k w;HjYHfhkau Nj ksfrdaO l<hq;=h' tk
rd. nj" oafI nj" fuday Nj is;ska Wrd oud nqoaO njg
m;ah hq;=h'
irK" ms<sirK hk isxy, NdId jHjydrfha Nd;fha

tk mofha w:h msysgla Wmldrhla jeks ndysrfhka b,a,d" heo
,nd.; yels ;;a;ajhls' kuq;a irKx ^prK& hk ud. mofha
fujka ndysr mqoa.,fhl=f.a" fofhl=f.a fyda n,f.hl fyda
Wojla" Wmldrhla" msysgla ,nd.ekSula fu;ek woyia
fkdf' ka woyiajkafka zprZ nj zwkhZ nj ke;slr .ekSu
hk w:hhs' ;ud ;=<u .nvd mj;sk flf,ia .;s" h,s
Wmk flf,ia nj fjk;a ldgj;au wialr bj;alr .,jd
Wrd oukakg fkdyelsh' f Ou;djh ksidu nqjrhska
jykafia,d u. fmkajkakka iy u. lshdfokakka muKla nj
nqoaO foaikdf meye,sju fmkajd we;' f fmkajd jod,
ksjer ud.h wid k" fidhdf.k" tA ksjer u. wkq.ukh
lsfukau ;j;a ndysr flfkl=g o ksjka u.g msish yelsfjhs'
p;=rdh i;Hhka" mpiuqmamdo Ouh" iS, iud

m[a[d hk ;s%YslaLd" oaj;djh" ;smjgh" ix foaikdj"
i;a;siafndamdCIsl Ou hk fjd yeu ld,hgu idOdrK
yeu l,aysu mj;sk Oufhdah' fujeks W;= Ou lreKq
ldrkd ksfil= iskau fidhd u;=lr foaYKdlrk w;r" ;j;a
ksiqka iska jerhg w: .%y lrka Ouh lD;s lr
ld,fhka ld,hg jer foa Nd;hg yqre lrka Ou w:h
wNdjhg m;a lrkafkah' f ish,a,u ukila we;s ksiqka lrk
- 28 -
fyd| krl f;kdjka yd kSu fkdkSu hk O;ajh ksidu

lrk foaj,ah' f wkqj kshu ld,hg W;= nqoaO Ouh o u;=
" ksjka wjfndaO lr.kakg yels wdldrhg w:" Ou"
ksrela;s" miNdodw: .%y lr ksjka u. jD; lr fokafka
o ksfil= iskauh' zzNjZZ Wrd ug ^rd. nj" oafI nj"
fuday nj& iir flka ioygu ksoyia jkakg wkh nfjka
ksoyia jkakg zzirKxZZ hkqfjka fmkajd jod, zzprZZ
nfjka iyuq,skau ksoyiajkakg w;HdjYHfhkau wkq.ukh
l<hq;= l%ufoh jkafka nqoaOx irKx" Oux irKx" ix>x
irKx .f;da ^.pd& uhs' ^jl iQ;%h&
ksfil=j Wm;,;a yeu flfkl=gu Wm;skau ukila

Wreu we;' f ukfia Yla;sh msis lrf.k uki myod
Wmoaojd .; hq;=h' ^Womd& tg m%{dj u;=fjhs' m[a[d
Womd ;;a;ajhg m;a jQ ksidg flf,ia iyuq,skau .,jd
Wrd bj;alr f Yla;shla o ,efnhs' fuhu ukqiailuhs'
foaj wd. ixl,am ish,a,u yeugu ksfil= i;=j

mj;sk wOHd;al Yla;sh hgm;a lrka Nla;sfhka wd.
woykafkl= njg ksidj m;alrjhs' Ysj wd.u" fo wd.u
fukau ngysr rgj, mj;sk fndfyda foaj wd.j, o we;af;a
weoys,a, uq,alr.;a Nla;sfhka ms<s.;a hd{d lsfuka
fohkaf.ka ms<sirKla" foaj msysgla hef jer ixl,amhls'
wo jk g nqoaOd.ug o fmr. wd. j, ms<s.;a fndfyda
wd. ixl,am hd{d l%u l%udkql+,j we;=,;a W;= nqoaO
Oufha fmkajd jod, ksjka ud.h hgm;aj f.dia we;'
wOHd;aljQ;a udkisl jQ;a ukfia Yla;sh - m%{dj - hgm;aj
Nla;sh u;=u ksid wo m%dfhda.sl jYfhkau nqoaOd.u o ;j;a
tl wd.ula njg m;a we;' tod nqmshdKka jykafia fidhd
u;=lr fmkajd jod, W;= nqoaO Ou ud.h - Nj Wrd u -
hgm;aj tA fjkqjg - Nj ilialsf - wdi ms<sfj;a j,g
- 29 -
uq,a;ek ls%hdlsf - l%ufohla wo m%p,s;j nqoaOd.fo

Nd;d lrk nj lK.dgqfjka kuq;a fmkajd h hq;=uh'
ms<sfj;ska fm< .eish hq;af;a" ms<sfj;a msh hq;=jkafka

nUhla muK jQ Yr l+vqj ;=< fkdkj;ajdu Wm; ,nk zzNjZZ
Wrd bj;a lr wialr oud zzNjZZ ksfrdaO lsfuka cd;s ksfrdaO
lr ixidr flka ioygu ksoyia u i|ydh'
5' fndcX. - fndcx. - fnda wx. - hkq l=ulao @
ksjka wjfndaO lr .ekSf wksjdfhkau imQK

lr.; hq;= i;a;sia fndamdCIsl Ouhka w;ka i;a;
fndcx. Ouhka b;du;au jeo.;a fohls' fndcx. - fnda
wx. nqoaO wx. - hk moj,ska .%ylr fmkajQ mohkays Ou
w:h ksjerj f;are .ekSu;a" m%dfhda.sl jYfhkau fuys
lr.; hq;= flf,ia m%ydKhg Wmldr jk lrKSh Ouhkq;a
f;are .;a flfkl=g muKlau u.M, w.uhg Wmldr jk
fia ksjka u. imQK lr.; yelsfjhs'
f ksid ;s%msglfha - miNsod u.a.mamlrKfha-

fndaccx. .%yh meye,slr ka wdldrh flfrys wjOdkh
fhduql, hq;=h'
zzfndcX.d;s flakfGak fndcX.dZZ
^lsk Ou w:hlska fndcx. hk moh .%y flfo @&
1' fndaOdh ixj;a;ka;S;s fndcX.d
2' nqka;S;s fndcX.d
3' wkqnqka;S;s fndcX.d
4' mnqka;S;s fndcX.d
5' inqka;S;s fndX.d
f mia ^5& wdldrfhka fndcx.hka jeu hkak fuys
w: .kajd we;' fufia miNsodu.a. m%ldrKfha l<
- 30 -
.%yh isxy,hg ;s%msglh mj;kh l< wh f i|yd Nd;d

l< ^.%y l<& isxy, mohka o f;are .ekSu l< hq;=h'
1' wjfndaOh msKsi mj;s;akqhs'
2' wjfndaO flfr;akqhs'
3' wkqfndaO flfr;akqhs'
4' m%;sfndaO flfr;akqhs'
5' fudkjg wjfndaO lrKqhs'fndcx. kf'
fuys fndcx. ^fnda wx.& hkq wjfndaO lsu"
wjfndaO lr.ekSu" hk isxy, NdIdf tk moh Nd; lr
.%y lr we;' zzfndX.ZZ fnda wx. hk mofhys
wjfndaOh" wjfndaO lr.ekSu hkd w:hla lsisfia;au .e
ke;' fndcx. hkq nqoaO wx. fnda wx. mqK lr.ekSu hk
w:hhs' Nj Wrd u hkak fnda wx. kfjhs'
f ; meje;au h,s h,s;a ksudKh lr u;= u;=;a

zzmqknfjda;sZZ ;;a;ajhg m;a lrjkafkau Nj îxNj"
ixN+;x& ilia lr .ekSu fya;=fldg f.khs' Nj hkq rd. nj"
oafI nj" fuday nj hk ffokslj w;ska ksudKh lr.kakd
flf,ia iy.; ^wkqih& Oufhdah' fufia ; meje;au
.gu mj;ajdf.k hkakg Wmldr jk" w;ska ksudKh lr
.kakd f flf,ia .;s ^Nj& w;ska fkdWmojd j;udk
fudfyd; iyuq,skau tAjdhska ksoyia u l< yelafla - Nj
Wrd fuks' f wdldrhg Nj Wrd u hk w:fhka
fndX. k h'
1' Nj Wrd u msKsi ls%hdlsu' îxj;a;ka;s&
2' Nj Wrd u m%dfhda.slj .gu lrf.k hdu'
3' w;ska Wm; ,nk ^wkqih& Nj Wrd u'
4' Nj Wrd u ksid ne îir ne& lemSu'
5' h,s u;=jg Nj fkdbmou' ^ne ilia fkdlsu&
zzrd. wkqihx k wkqfia;s
m> wkqihx k wkqfia;s
- 31 -
wcd wkqihx k wkqfia;sZZ
hk w:fhka fndcx. h' nqoaO wx. k h' i;a;

fndcx. f,i Oufha fmkajd fokq ,nk"
1' i;s ixfndcx.
2' Ou ph ifndcx.
3' h ifndcx.
4' mS;s ifndcx.
5' miai ifndcx.
6' iud ifndcx.
7' WfmaCLd ixfndcx.
hkqfjka wx. y;ls' f wx. y;u imQK lr
.ekSfuka rd. nj" oafI nj" fuday nj iyuq,skau Wrd bj;a
lr u l< yelsh' th flf,ia h,s fkdWojkakgu;a fya;=
fjhs'
fufia rd. nj" oafI nj" fuday nj Wrd oukakg

Wmldr jk m%;smodjla ksidu fndcx. kka k l< nj
b;du meye,sh' f nj miNsod u.a.m%lrK .%yfha ;j
rg;a .%y fjhs'
1' mphfgGk fndcx.d ^lu fya;= Wrd oukakg

Wmia:nl jk neka fndcx. kf'
2' Y=oaOfgGk fndcx.d îma; Y=oah mmQK
jkakg Wmldr jk ksid fndcx. h'&
3' wkjcfgGk fndcx. ^jer foa" flf,ia .;s"
bj;a lr oukakg Wmldrjk ksid fndcx. h'
4' fklaLufgGk fndcx.d ^lh rukh lsf
ls%hdj,sfhka ksoyiajk fyhska fndcx. k h'
5' uqla;fgGk fndcx.d - flf,ia fjkalr
lf,iaj,ska ksoyia jk w:fhka fndcx.
- 32 -
h'
6' wkdijfgGak fndcx.d ^wdih wkqih ke;slrk"
m%ydKh lrk" fkdWmojk w:fhka fndcx. k
h'
7' flfGk fndcx.d ^ldh ^ls%hdj&
fokdjkaf.ka fjkajk iajNdjhla we;sjk ksid
fndcx. k h'
8' fjdiai.a.fGk fndcx.d ^Wmdodkh lr.;a
ish Wmka uq,ska .,jd kej; fkdWmk f,i
yermS lrk w:fhka fndcx. k h'
f yeu wjia:djlu .%y lr fmkajqfha rd." oafI"

fuday nj ^h,s h,s;a f .;s w;ska is;l Wm; ,eu'&kj;d
oukakg Wmldr jk w:fhka f ish ls%hdldrl lsu
fndcx. k jQ njhs' fndcx." nqoaO wx." fnda wx. hk f
moj,ska w: .ekajqfha Nj Wrd oukakg Wmldr jk foa hk
w:fhks'
;s%msglh isxy,hg mj;kh lsf fuu moh

^fndX." fndawx.& wjfndaOh hk mofhka jer f,i
w: .ekauls' tA iyuq,skau W;= nqoaO Ouh lD;s lsuls'
wjfndaOh hkak mD;.ack mqoa.,fhl= ;=< mj;sk ndysr
f,dalh ms<sn|j we;s kqu .%y lrk mohls' f,dalh hkq
rd.fhka" oafIfhka" fudayfhka wre jQ meje;auhs' wjfndaOh
Wmldr jkafka f,dalh ^wr& ilia lr.kakgh' f,daflka
f,daflda;a;r ;;a;ajhg m;ajkakg k mQK i;HdjfndaOhu
,nd.; hq;=h' th wdh ;;a;ajhg nqoaO ;;a;ajhg m;auhs'
fndcx. imQK lr.ekSf .%yfha fmkajdfok ishu
mshjrhka Wmldrjkafka Nj Wrd oud la iys; meje;au
wmje;aula njg m;alr .kakgh'
- 33 -
fndfyda wry;= k a jyka f ia , dg fuka u f.!;u

nqmshdKka jykafiag;a h h ldhsl wndOhka we;s jQ
wjia:dj, fndcx. ms;a icdhkd l< nj fn!oaO
b;sydifha O ;ekaj, i|yka lr we;' fufia fndcx.
ms; icdhkd lrka wry;a M,hg m;a jQ W;a;uhskag;a h<s
fuh isysm;a lf<a f Yrhg we;sjkakd jQ ish wdndOhkag
fokdjkag fya;=j rd. nj" oafI nj" fuday nj uq,a fldg
f.ku w;S;fha ilia lr.;a ;u Yr l+vqj wksp ksid
wkF: ksid fufia l Wreu jk nj isysm;a lr tA flka
ksoyia jkakg fndcx. kej; isysm;a lrkakg Wmldr jk
wdldrhghs' u;= ixidr flka ioygu ksoyia jQ - ksiairK
m%ydKfhkau flf,ia Wrd uq wry;=ka jykafiag;a" f
cd;sfha Wm; ,nk wjia:df Wreulr .;a Yr l+vqj -
lrc lh - ;jrg;a f,v frda. j,g wdndOj,g fya;= N+; jk
nj;a" th mj;ajdf.k hk;=rdjg jeh lr f.jd oukakg ;j
;j;a h h fmr lrk ,o mqkH" mdm lu Yla;Ska b;s
mj;sk nj;a fmkajd fokakgh' Nj Wrd uq ;rd.S" ;
oafYs" ;fudayS wry;=ka jykafiag o Yr l+vqjg fokd
we;sfjhs' tu ldhsl fokdjka WfmaCLd is;ska bjid uid
iekfikakg Wmldr jkfia ;uka ,nd.;a nqoaO n,hka biau;=
lrkakgu fndcx. ms;a icdhkd l< nj b;du;au
meye,sh'
f .%yhka ish,af,kau fmkajd fokakg W;aidy

.;af;a nqoaO" nqoaOx" fnda" nqoafOda wd jYfhka wm ks;r ks;r
Nd;d lrk fuu ud. jpk j,ska .%y lrk ,o mrud:
Ouhu u;=lr fmkajd fokakgh' nqoaO" nqoafOda" fnda wd
mohka tl p;hlg tl mqoa.,fhl=g fyda tl W;a;ufhl=g
fyda wh;a tAjd fkdf' Nj Wrd oukakg iu;a jQ rd. nj"
oafI nj" fuday nj ;u isf;ka iyuq,skau Wrd h,s;a tjeks
- 34 -
is;=,s fkdWmojkakgu iu;a jQ W;a;uhd nqoaO k f'

inqoaO f' iud inqoaO f' wNs inqoaOf' f ish k
hlsis tla;rd p;hlg wdfrdamkh lr mqoa.,fhl=f.a
p;hla f.dv k.kakg" biau;= lr fmkajkakg" miq ld,Skj
idys;Hlrejka" b;sydih ,shq l;=jreka W;aidy .ekSu ksid wo
jk g nqoaO" inqoaO" wNsinqoaO iud inqoaO hkd moj,
tk W;= Ou w:h hgm;ajk ;;a;ajhgu f moje,a
jHjydr NdIdj, iu; f,iska Nd;d lrk nj fmkajd h
hq;=h'
rd. nj" oafI nj" fuday nj h,s h,s;a isf;a fkdWmk

wdldrhgu ^wkqmamdo ksfrdaOh& Nj Wrd uQ ishu
W;a;uhska jykafia,d nqoaO;ajhg m;a jQ W;=ukau jkafkauh'
th ksi;a nj f;are f.k" fhdaksfidaukisldrfhka ls%hdlr"
Oudkq Ou mmodfjys yeisfuka kEu ksfil=g u.M,
CId;a CId;a lr.; yels nj fmkajd jod, W;= nqoaO Ouh
f;are .ekSuhs'
nqoaO .=K" nqoaO {dK" nqoaO n," nqoaO Yla;s nqoaO Ouh
hkd mo ish,af,kau .%y lrkafka" .%y lr fmkajkafka rd.
nj" oafI nj" fuday nj Wrd is;ska wialr oukakg Wmldr
jk wx.hka yehg;a" tfia Nj Wrd uq W;a;uhska ish
fokd ;=< mj;sk Yla;Ska yelshdjka yehg;ah'
f,d;=rd iud inq mshdKka jykafia,d f w;ka

w.%.kH jkafka fujka W;= nqoaO Ouhla Nd;fha fkdmej;s
hq.hl" ;ukaf.au Yla;sfhka iajhxN+ {dKfhkau" .=re
WmfoaY rys;ju ish wdldrfhkau wx. imQK f W;=
m%;smodj fidhd k" tA m%;smodj wkq.ukh lrka f,d;=rd
nqoaO njg m;au ksid;a" wjfYaI f,dalhdgo nqoaO ;;a;ajhg
m;af ksjer ud.h meye,sj m%ldY lr foaYKd lrk
- 35 -
ksid;ah'
1' f wkqj NjWoaO } nqoaO hkak msisj f;are .;

hq;=h'
2' NjjDoah } nqoah ixjOkh lrf.k u;au

^nqoau;a& hkak o fjkafldg f;are .; hq;=h'
3' rd. wkqih}rd. nj" m> wkqih}oafI nj woHd

wkqih } fuday nj hkak o f;are.; hq;=hs' fuys
wkqih } w;ska Wmojd ksudKh lr.kakd
flf,ia W;amdokh hkak o f;are .; hq;=h'
4' fufia Nj ^nj& hk moh yd wkqih hk moh o w:"

Ou" ksrela;s" mixNsod f,iskau .%yfldg
f;are .ekSu ksjkg Wmldr fjhs'
- 36 -
nqoaO [dK
budks f;i;a;;ss [dKks" bfuix f;i;a;shd

[dKkx" i;a;i [dKdks idjl idOdrKdks" c [dKdks
widOrdKdks idjflays'
nqoaO {dKhka ^73& ye;a;E ;=kls' fuhska yeg y;la

^67& nqoaO [dKhka Y%djlhkago idOdrKh' ord.; yelsh'
nqoaO {dKhka ^6& yhla f,d;=rd nqoaO ;;ajhg m;ajq
W;=ful=g muKla ord.; yelsh' tajd widOdrK nqoaO {dKhka
f,iska .%y fjhs'
nqoaO {dKhka hkq flf,ia nj Wrd oukakg Wmldr

jkakdjQ {dKhkah' flf,ia nj iyuq,skau Wrd oeuq
W;=ful=g Wreufhkau whs;sjk ord.; yels" ,nd .; yels
{dKhka nqoaO {dKhka f,iska klr we;' flf,ia nj hkq
rd. nj" oafI nj yd fuday nj hk ;=ka Nj f' f iir
.uk .ska .gu mj;ajdf.k hkakg ksh; f,iskau Wmldr
jkafka rd. nj" oafI nj yd fuday nj .ska .gu h,s h,s;a
is;l Wm; ,euhs' Nj Wrd wialr bj;a lr ouk ;=rdjg
Nj W;amdofjhs' ixNj" mqknj fjhs' mqknj hkq mqk"
mqkdu h,s h,s;a" u;= u;=jg;a fkdkj;ajdu Nj ysuhs' h
khl hfula Nj iyuq,skau Wrd wialr oeuqfha k tkg
k;a odks mqknfjda hkqfjka ;ukagu m%ldY l< yels fjhs'
whuka;sud cd;s" k;a odks mqknfjda;s hkqfjka Ou
plalmj;a;k iQ;% foaYKdf fmkajd jodf<a fuu
Ou;djhhs' Nj Wrd oud meje;au wjika lsuhs'
f wkqj nqoaO {dKhka hkq Nj Wrd oukakg
- 37 -
Wmldrl Oufhda f,iska meye,s l<y' yeu nqoaO {dKhlau

,nd .ekSug k m[a[d ^m%{dj& uQ,sl h hq;=uh' my; .%y
jk ishu nqoaO {dKhka ms<sn|j lrK fuu .%fha fldgia
folla Tng oel .; yels h hq;=h' fida;djOdkfha m[a[d"
iq;ufha [dKx hk m<uqjk nqoaO {dKh .%y lrk ;ek
mgkau ishu nqoaO {dKj, fldgia folla .%y we;s nj
f;are .; hq;=h'
fuhska m<uqj .%y jkafka m%{djhs ^m[a[d& m%{dj

ke;sj nqoaO {dK W;amdokh fyda ls%hd;aul u fkdjk njhs'
tfia;a ke;sk yeu nqoaO {dKhla ,nkakgu ^Nj Wrd
oukakg& m%{dj w;HdjYHu Yla;shla yd n,hla njhs' nqoaO
{dK hkq flf,ia Nj is;ska Wrd oeuhs' flf,ia .;s is;ska
Wrd bj;alr wia lr iyuq,skau flf,ia j,ska ksoyia h
yelafla m%{dj u;=lr .ekSfuks' ^m[a[d Womd& fuys
m%{dfjka flfrkafka flf,ia m%ydKh lr flf,ia uq,a myod
flf,ia uq,a Wrd oukakg wjYH is;l Y=oaO m;% lsu
ls%hd;aul lsuhs' fu;ek nqoaO {dKhka ,nd .ekSug k
m[a[d Yla;sh wjYHu nj meye,s l,;a m%{dj ,efnkafkao
;ksju fkdf' thgu wkqmqrl ;j;a ldrKdfjda lsysmhlau
we;' ioaOd" h" i;s" iud" m[a[d hk mxp bkashhka" mxp
n,hka Bg mqnx.u fjhs' tk wkqmqrl fjhs' ioaOd" h"
i;s" iud" m[a[d hk wx. mykau .%y lrKq ,nkafka
flf,ia Nj uq,skau Wrd oukakg Wmldrl jkfia is; myod"
flf,ia uq,a oek f;dard frd f.k Wrd bj;a l< hq;= foa
;SrKh lsuhs' ^;SrK m[a[d& miNsod u.a. m%lrKfha
ud. niska .%y lrkq ,nk wdldrhg b;du;a flfhka fuu
nqoaO {dKhka ye;a;E ;=k ^73& ms<sn|j fuys .%yhla bm;a
lr'
1' fida;djOdfka m[a[d - iq;ufha {dkx

- 38 -
l;f fida;djOdfk m[a[d" iq;ufha [dKx@

if ixLdrd wkspd;s" fida;djOdkx
;xmcdkkd m[a[d iq;ufha [dKx
if ixLdrd laLd;S fida;djOdkx"
;xmcdkkd m[a[d iq;ufha [dKx" if Oud
wk;a;d;S fida;djOdkx" ;x mcdkkd m[a[d
iq;ufha [dKx" bf Oud wNs[af[Hd;S
fida;djOdkx" ;x mcdkkd m[a[d iq;ufha [dKx"
bf Oud m[af[hshd;S fida;djOdkx ;xmcdkkd
m[a[d iq;ufha [dKx" bf Of myd;nd;S fida;d-
jOdkx" ;x mcdkkd m[a[d iq;ufha [dKx" bf Of
Ndf;nd;s fida;djOdkx" ;xmcdkkd m[a[d iq;ufha
{dKx bf Oud ild;nd;S fida;djOkx" ;xmcdkkd
m[a[d iq;ufha [dKx
Ydia;Dka jykafia foaYkdlr jod, Ouh m<uqj

wjOdkfhka hq;=j widoek ;u ;ukaf.a is; ;=<u Wm; ,nk
flf,ia kej; kej;;a h,s h,s;a Wmkakg fya;=jo wid oek"
flf,ia h,s fkdWmk f,i Wiia ugfukau h:dN+;
{dkfhka i;Hh oel .ekSu fuu nqoaO {dKhhs' wksp"
laL" wk;a; hkd ;s%,laLKh h:d m oek l msis| oel
.ekSu m<uqjk nqoaO [dKfha wvx.= jk yrhhs'
2' iq;ajdk ixjf m[a[d - iS,ufha [dKx

iS,ka;s f;kd iS,x" f;sisl iS,x" ixjfrda iS,x
w;slalfuda iS,x
l;s Ou ifudaodkx iS,ka;s - ixjrfGak iS,x"

w;slalufGak iS,x" mydkfGak iS,x" fruhd iS,x
- 39 -
f;kd iS,x
mxp iS,dks
1' mhka; mdY=oaO iS,x ^wkqm imkak iS,h&
îx oel fkd.;a" Ofuda ixflda fkdjq
whf.a iS,h&
2' wmhka; mdY=oaO iS,x ^Wmimkak mmod&
3' mmqkak mdY=oaO iS,x ^fiaLmhka; iS,h&
fida;dmkak ud. iS,h&
4' wmrduG mdY=oaO is,x ^fida;dmkak wd
u.M, ,enqjkaf.a iS,h&
5' mmiaioa mdY=oa iS,ka;s ^f,d;=rd nqoaO
mfl nqoaO" wry;a nqoaO wd wry;=ka
jykafia,df.a iS,h&
weiq Ouh wkq.ukh lsfuka" bkash ixjrh wdydf

u;[a`C;dj" cd.hx wkqhqlaf;da hk ;s%Odldr ixjrfhka
hq;=j ; meje;au f.k hkafka iS,ufha {dKhka imqK
wkql%ufhka mD:.ack l,HdK ;;ajfha isg l%ufhka flf,ia
m%ydKh lrka wry;a u.M,hg m;ajkakg Wmldr jk m%{dj
ksid iS,ufha [dKh kue;s nqoaO [dKh imqK jkafkah'
3' ixj;a:d iudoyfka m[a[d - iud Ndjkdufha [dKx

;x {d;fGak [dKx" mcdkkfGak m[a[d f;ak jqp;s
ixj;ajd iudoyfka m[a[d iud Ndjkdufha [dKx
fu;a;dkqiai;s jYfhka ;a; tal.a.;djhg m;au

iudhls' wiqNdkqiai;s jYfhka ;a; tal.a.;djhg m;au
iudhls' urKdkqiai;s jYfhka yd nqoaOkqiai;s jYfhka
;a; tal.a.;djhg m;alr.ekSu iudhls' f i;r lugyka
ksjerj wkq.ukh lsu u.ska flf,ia Nj Wrd oukakg
- 40 -
we;sjk yelshdj Yla;sh nqoaO {dKhls' fuys f,!lsl jQ

wkdh iudhl=;a" f,daflda;a;r jQ miaikd wkqmiaikdjl=;a
imQK u iudNdjkdufha [dKx kue;s nqoaO {dKhhs'
4' mphm.a.fya m[a[d - Ou;s [dKx

wcd ixLdrdkx Wmamdo;s p - mj;a;;s p -
ks;a;;sp - wdhqyk;s p - i[af[da.;s p -
m,sfndaO;sp - iuqoh;sp - fya;=;s p - mh;s p -
bfuys kj wdldrfhys wcd mphd ixLdrd mph
iuqmamkakd" Wfndafmaf;a Oud mphiuqmamkakd;s - mphd
m.a.fya m[a[d Ou;s [dK
Ou;s {dKx nqoaO {dKhls' kj wldr jQ wl=i,a is;a

Wmkakg uq,ajQ fya;= jQ ksOdk jQ" m%;H jQ lrekq h:dm
oekf.k m%{dfjka flf,ia Nj Wrd oeu ^m.a. fya& nqoaO
{dKhls' mp hkq uq,a jQ" ksOdk jQ" m%;H jQ fya;= hkakhs'
tu fya;=ka ksid woHdj ksid ixLdr Wmojhs" mj;ajhs' ks;s
we;s lrhs' tajd M, mdl f,iska Wreu lrfohs wd jYfhka
fjd oel flf,ia Wrd oukakg Wmldr jk {dKh
Ou;s {dkhhs'
5' w;S;" wkd.;" mpqmamkakd kx Oudkx ixms;ajd

jj;a:dfk m[a[d - iuiaifka {kx
hx lsx rEmx w;S;dkd.;mpqmamkdkx wCO;a;xjd"
nysoaOjd" ,dlx jd" iqLquxjd" ySkxjd" m;x jd" hxf jd"
i;a;sfla jd" inx rEmx wkspf;da jjf;a:;s" talx
iuiaikx" laLflda jj;af:;s" talx iuiaikx wk;a;f;da
jj;af:;s talx iuiaikx
iuiaik {kh nqoaO {dkhls' rEm" fokd" ix{d"

ixLdr" [a[dK wd mxpialkaohu w;S; wkd.; wd
- 41 -
jYfhka jk tlf,dia wdldrfhkau ixLdr jYfhka ls%hd;aul

lr is;lskau Wmdodkh lr.ks' fufia is;lg ,efnk ish
ixLdr wksp jYfhka" laL jYfhka" wk;a; jYfhka"
fufkys lr ix uiaikh lsu iuiaik {dKhhs' Nj W rd
oukakg n,j;a fiau Wldrjkafka fuu ;s%,laLKh fufkys
lsuhs' ;s%,laLKh hkq wksp" laL" wk;a; il wks;Hhs"
lhs" wkd;auhs hk jer mj:kh fkdf'
6' mpqmamkakdkx Oudkx mkdu wkqmiaifka m[a[d -

Wohnhdkq miaifka [dKx
cd;x rEmx mpqmamkakx" ;iai ksn;a;s ;s,laLKx
Wofhda" mkdu ,laLKx jfhda" wkqmiaiKd [dKx rEm"
fokd" ix{d wdoS Wmdodkh lr.; yels ishu mxpialkao
wx.hkau j;auka fudfydf;aoS Wm; ,nkafka is;luh'
j;udkfha is;l Wm; ,nk rEmdoS ish wruqKq wNskj
;;ajfhka w;ska Wm; ,eu Woh uhs' rEmdoS wruqKq
mkduhg m;au jeh hduhs' f Woh yd jeh u oel
.ekSu Wohnhdkq miaifka [dKhhs' fuys woyi fkdlvjdu
fufia Woh u yd jehu isjkafka fya;=m, mrmrdjla ksid
muKla nj;a" th kspjQ fohla fkdjk nj;a oel .ekSu
miaifka {dKhhs'
7' wdruKx mi`XLd Ndx.dkqmiaifka m[a[d miaifka

[dKx
rEmdruK;d ;a;x Wmam;ajd Nsc;s" ;x wdruKx
mixLd ;iai ;a;iai Nx.d wkqmiai;s
wkspf;da wkqmiai;s - fkd kspf;da
laLf;da wkqmiai;s - fkd iqLf;da" fkdiqn f;da
wk;a;f;da wkqmiai;s - fkd w;a;f;da
ksxo;s - fkd kkao;s" fkd wNskkao;s
- 42 -
rc;s - fkd rc;s" fkd rd.;s

ks frdafo;s - fkd iuqfoa;s
mksiai.a.;s - fkd Wmdosh;s
wksp" laL" wk;a; ;%s,laLKh ksjerosju f;are f.k

wkqmiaikd lsfuka ksp" iqL" iqn" w;a; ix{d m%ydKh lsu
miaikd {dKhhs' fuh ;%s,laLK Ndjkdjhs' urKdkqiai;s
Ndjkdj yd nqoaOdkqiai;s Ndjkdjhs' nqoaO Ndjkdjla f,iska
Ndjkd lr flf,ia uq,a ^Nj& lmd oukakg Wmldr jkafka fuu
miaikd wkqmiaikd Ndjkdjka h:dmos f;are f.k Ndjkd
lsuhs'
fya;=x mp ixN+;x" fya;= Nx.d ksrecCO;s hkak

wjfndaO lr.ekSu mixLd Nx. lsugo Wmldrl fjhs'
fuh m%{djls' tA u.ska miaikd wkqmiaikd nqoaO {dKhka
,efnhs'
mixLd iy mpfjla;nx hk mo foflys fjkila

we;s nj fuysoS wjfndaO lr.; hq;=h'
8' Nh;=mGdfka m[a[d - wdoSkf [dKx

Wmamdfoda Nhka;s" mj;a;x Nhka;s" ks;a;x Nhka;s"
wdhqykx Nhka;s" mikax Nhka;s" .;sx Nhka;s" ksn;a;sx
Nhka;s" Wmmam;a;sx Nhka;s" cd;s" crd jHd urK" fYdal
mfoaj Wmdhdfida Nhka;s'
Nh;= mGdfka m[a[d wdoSkf [dKx

wkqmamdfoda fuka;s" wmamikax fuka;s' w.;sx
fuka;a;s wksn;sx fuka;s" wkqmm;a;sx fuka;s" wcd;s"
wcrd wjHd" wur" wfYdal wmfoaj wkqmhdfida fuka;s'
- 43 -
fuka;s ika;smox [dKx" wdoSkf [dKx
Wm; Nhg fya;=jhs' wkq;amdo u Ydka;s mohhs' ksjkhs' th

fux hk Ydka;s mohhs' Lka;s" fux hkq Ydka;s mohhs' Nh
hkq fux hk mofha reoaO mohhs' Nfhka oS ksoyiau Nh;=
mGdfka m[a[dhs' nfhka oS ksoyia uu wdoSkf [dKh
kue;s nqoaO [dKh wjfndaO lr.ekSuhs' f mp iuqmamdo
.%yhu fjk;a wdldrhlska bosm;a lsuls' Nhg uq,sl fya;=j
Wm;hs' Wm;ska oS ksoyia uu wdoSkj [dKh wjfndaO uhs'
9' uqx;=luH;d mixLd ika;sGkd m[a[d ixLdr

WfmlaLd [dKx
if ixLdrd wkspd;S h:d m[a[dh miai;s"
w;ksfo;s lafla tai u.af.da uq;a;shd
ish ixLdrhka WfmlaLd is;ska bjid uid n,d uqla;shg

m;af ks iekiSu ,ef {dKh ixLdr WfmlaLd {dKhhs'
f i|yd Wmldr jkakdjQ m%{dj ^m[a[d& uqx;=luH;d"
mixLd" ika;sGkd m[a[dhs' uqx;=luH;d hkq - h:dN+;
{dKh ,ndf.k isf;a kej;" u;=jk flf,ia .;s is;ska Wrd
.,jd bj;a lr oukakg leue;af;kau l%shdlrkakg ,efnk
Yla;sh hkakhs' ^flf,ia uq,a Wrd oukakg leu;s u&
is;lg m%sh ukdmjq" ysjq" iqjhs iqNhs lshd ;SrKh l<foa

îxLdr& leue;af;kau is;ska bj;alr ff;da uqla;sh;a"
m%{duqla;sh;a ,eug Wmldrjkafka ixLdr WfmalaLd {dKh
kue;s nqoaO [dKhhs'
mixLd - ika;sGkd hkq m%;Hfd {dKhka yd isf;a

ix l%shd;aul jk wdldrh oelSu îuolaL;d& ms<sn|
m%{djhs' ixLdr WfmlaLd {dKh nqoaO {dKhka ^Nj Wrd
- 44 -
oukakg Wmldrl {dKhka& w;ka b;du;au n,j;a

{dKhls' l;Sydldfys ixLdr WfmlaLdh ;a;iai
wNskSydfrda fyda;s - wGydldfys ^8& ixLdrefmlaLdh
;a;iai wNsksydfrda fyda;s" ixLdr WfmlaLd {dKh wg
wdldrh lska .%yfjhs' mD;.ack mqoa.,hskago ixLdr
WfmlaLd {dKh fohdldrlska wjfndaO fjhs' fida;dmkak wdoS
u.m, ,enq fial' mqoa.,hskag ;=ka wdldrhlska ixLdr WfmalaLd
{dKh wjfndaO fjhs' ;rd.iai jQ wry;=ka jykafia,dg ;=ka
wdldrhlska ixLdr WfmalaLd {dkh wjfndaO fjhs'
fu;=jla l,la idrhs" jkjd" m%shhs ukdmhs lshd ;SrKh

l<" l%shd;aul l<" rd.fhka we,Su" oafIfhka .eu"
fudayfhka uekSu hk l%shdjkays ksiaidr nj" wkd: nj" widr
nj oel leue;af;kau fujka jQ flf,ia .;s is;ska Wrd bj;a
lr oef Yla;sh ixLdr WfmalaLd {dKhhs' f flf,ia
leue;af;kau is;ska Wrd bj;alr oukakg;a" flf,ia uq,a
Wrd bj;a l< nj m%;HflaLd {dKfhka fufkys lrkakg;a"
Ofuda ixosflda ;;ajfhka ix oel bka oS ksoyia jkakg;a"
we;s leue;a; m%{djhs' uqx;=luH;d" mixLd" ix;sGkd hk
mo ;=fkkau .%ylf,a ishu ixLdrfhda WfmalaLd is;ska bjid
uid l%shdlrkakg ,nd.;a Yla;sh .%y lsuhs' nqoaO
{dKhka hkq Nj Wrd oukakg Wmldr {dKhkah' rd. nj"
oafI nj" fuday nj Wrd oukakg ksh; jYfhkau yd n,j;a
f,iskau Wmldrjk {dKh ixLdr WfmalaLd {dKhhs' if
ixLdrd wksp nj" laL nj" wk;a; nj oel.; yelsjkafka
fuu nqoaO {dKfhks'
10' nysoaOd jqGdkjgfka m[a[d f.da;%N+ [dKx

Wmamdox jqGd;S;s f.da;%N+" mj;a;x jqGd;S;s f.da;%N+
ks;a; jqGd;S;s f.da;%N+" wdhqyk jqGd;S;s f.da;%N+"'''' nysoaOd
- 45 -
ixLdr ks;a;d jqGd;S;s f.da;%N+" ndysoaOd ixLdr ks;a;

jqGys;ajd ksfrdaOd ksndkx" mlaLJo;S;s f.da;% N+" nysoaOd
ixLdr ks;a;d jg;S;s f.da;%N+
;u is;ska flf,ia uq,a Wrd bj;a lr ouk msis

f;kdfjka hqla;u;a woHd uQ,fhka isf;a Wm; ,enq
wruqKq" ls%hd;aulj mj;sk" ksks jYfhka .kakd" .;s yehg
uq,anei .kakd flf,ia .;s" f.a isf;kau frdao fkdlr tajd
is;ska Wrd bj;a lr tajdhska ksoyia jk [dKh;a f.%da;N+
{dKh jYfhka fmkajd fohs' fuho flf,ia nj uq,ska Wrd
oud is; ksoyia lr oukakg Wmldrl jk ksid nqoaO {dKhls'
11' Nf;da jqGdk jfGak m[a[d u.af.a [dKx

fida;dm;a;s u.a.laLfka ^1& oiaikfGk iud "
Pdhd jqGd;s" ;okqj;a;llsf,afiaysp Lkafoaysp
jqGd;s" nysoaO p in ks;af;ays jqGd;s f;ak jqp;s(
ii. wNsksfrdamkfGak iudixlmafmda" Pd ixlmafmda
jqGd;s
iii. m.a.yfGak iud jdpd Pdjdpdh jqG;s'
iv. iuqGdkfGak iud lukaf;da Pd lukaf;da
jqG;s'
v. fpdaokfGak iud wdfjda Pd wdfjda jqGd;S'
vi. m.a.yfGak iud jdhdud Pdjdhdfuda jqGd;S'
vii. WmGdkfGak iud i;s Pd i;shd jqGd;S'
viii. wlafmfGak iud iud Pd iudf;da jqGd;s'
fuu nqoaO [dKh fida;dm;a;s ud.h" ilDod.d

ud.h" wkd.d ud.h yd wy;a ud.h hk ud. y;ru
imQK ug Wmldrl jk" iud wx.hka imQK
lr.kakg wjYHjk flf,ia Wrd ouk m%{dj .%y
- 46 -
lrfokakls' wdh wIagdx.sl ud.h imQK fjoa tl

tllau iud wx.hka imQK jkafka ;kau uq,a nei.;a
flf,ia uq,a tlsfklu Wrd oefuks' iud hg
m;ajkafka Pd hg fya;= jQ flf,ia uq,a .,jd oefuks'
^jer oelau& iud ixlmam imQK jkafka ;kau
uq,aneif.k mej;s ;Hdixl,am Wrd oefuks iud jdpd
imQK jkafka ;kau uq,aneif.k mej;s ;Hd jdpdjg fya;=
jQ flf,ia uq,a .,jd Wrd oefuks' iud luka; imQK
jkafka Pd luka; ;;ajhg uq,a jQ flf,ia uq,a iyuq,skau
uq,ska Wmqgd oefuks' iud wdj imQKjkafka Pd
wdjhg uq,a jQ ;ka nei.;a flf,ia uq,a iyuq,skau .,jd
bj;a lsfuks'
iud jdhdu imQK jkafka Pdjdhduhg uq,ajq

;kau uq,anei.;a flf,ia uq,a ^.;s mqre& iyuq,skau Wrd
oefuks' iud i;s imQK jkafka Pd i;shg fya;= jQ
;kau uq,a nei .;a flf,ia uq,a .,jd bj;a lsfuks'
iud iudh imQK jkafka Pdiudhg fya;= jQ

;kau uq,anei.;a flf,ia uq,a .,jd Wrd oefuks'
f wdldrhg fida;dm;a;s ud.h" ilDod.d ud.h"

wkd.d ud.h" wryka; ud.h hk i;r ud.fhau fujka
jQ wdh wGdx.sl ud.hla imQK ;ka isf;a uq,anei.;a
flf,ia uq,a y;rjrlu Wrd bj;a lr wialr ouhs' fuh
nqoaO {dKhka imQK uhs' flf,ia Nj Wrd oeuhs'
flf,ia uq,a ^Nj& Wrd ouk ;=re Pd .;s mj;S'
12' mfhda.mmiaioa m[a[d Mf,a [dKx'

ud.h imQKlr.;a miq ,nk w.u u. M,hkag
m;af nqoaO {dKhhs' f meye,s lsu i|yd lrK ,o
- 47 -
.%yh fida;dmkak wd ud.hka y;r i|yd ia;r lrK ,o

flf,ia Nj Wrd oefukau u.M, ,dNS jk wdldrh ia;r
lsuhs' fuho nqoaO {dKhls' ud. M,hka i;r wjia:djlu
imQK jkafka i;a;sia fnda mdlaIsl Ouhka wkqmQrlj
imQK lr .ekSfuks'
13' kakjgukqmiaifka m[a[d uqla;s [dKx

fida;dm;a;s u.af.ak ilaldh ls;d iS,n;
mrdudfida" Gdkqifhda" lspdkqifhda w;a;fkda ;a;iai
Wmlalsf,aid iud iuqkakd fydka;S" bfys mxp
Wmlalsf,afiays mhqGdfkays ;a;x uq;a;x fyda;s" iquq;a;x
ilod.d u.af.ak ,dlx ldurd. ixf[dackx

m>ixf[ackx" ,dflda ldurd. wkqifhda m>dkqifhda
w;a;fkda ;a;iai Wmlalsf,aid iud iuqkakd fydka;S'
wkd.d u.af.ak wkqiy.;x ldurd. ixf[dackx

m> ixf[dackx wkqiy.f;da ldurd.wkqifhda m>dkq ifhda
wryka; u.af.ak rEmrdf.da" wrEmrdf.da" udfkda" Woaopx
wcd" udkdkqifhda" wcdkqifhda" Njrd. wkqifhda
f wdldrfhka ixfhdack oyh iy wkqih Ou y;u

kakjgukqmiaikd îyuq,ska flf,ia Nj Wrd oeu& uska
uqla;s [dKh imQK fjhs' fuh fida;dmkak" ilod.d"
wkd.d wry;a hk i;r u. M,hkag m;ajk wjia:dkaysu
flf,ia uq,a lmd" ixfhdack m%ydKh lr wkqih h,skQmk
wdldrhg is; uqla;s ud.hg m;alr.; hq;=h' m%{d-
uqla;shg m;ajkafka" u.m, ,nd ksndk ;;ajhg m;ajkafka"
fuu nqoaO {dKfhka flf,ia Nj iyuq,skau lmd Wrd
- 48 -
oefuks' wkqih Ouhka is;l w;ska W;amdokh u tl

.gu k y;la iyuq,skau kj;d oefuka uqla;s {dK
oYkh imQK wry;aM,h laId;alaId;a lr.kS'
kak jg hkq jgh lmd oeu i|yd wkqmiaikd
lsuhs' jgh hkq rd.fhka" oafIfhka" fudayfhka ilia lr
idod.;a ixidr jghhs' f jgh jg lsug Wmldrjkafka
kakjg lsuhs' fuh uqla;s {dKhhs'
14' ;od iuqod.f;a Of miaifka m[a[d mpfjlaLfka

[dKx
mpfjlaLfka [dKh hkq m%;HflaId {dKhkah' miq
mr lr m%;s,dN - m%;sfO jYfhka ;uka me u. wdmiq
ye n,d h:dN+; {dK oYkh ,eu fuys isfjhs'
wdmf;HfGak bkashd ;od iuqod.;x"
wlmshfGak n,d ;od iuqod.;d"
kshHdkfGak fndCOÒ.d ;od iuqod.;d"
fya;=fGak u.af.da ;od iuqod.;d"
WmGdkfGak i;smGdkd ;od iuqod.;d"
myokfGak iumamOdkd ;od iuqod.;d"
bcCOkfGak b oamdod ;od iuqod.;d"
;:fGak ipx ;od iuqod.;d"
wlafmfGak iu:x ;od iuqod.;d"
wkqmiaikfGak miaikd ;od iuqod.;d"
talrifGak iu: miaikd ;od iuqod.;d
wk;sj;a;kfGak hq.koaOx ;od iuqod.;d
ixjrffGak iS,Y=oax ;od iuqod.;d"
wlafmfGak ;a; Y=oax ;od iuqod.;d
oiaikfGak Y=oax ;od iuqod.;d"
uqla;s wfGak fudlaLd ;od iuqod.;d"
mfokfGak cd ;od iuqod.;d"
mpd.fGak uq;a;S ;od iuqod.;d"
- 49 -
iuqfofGak Lfha [dKx ;od iuqod.;d"

fuys i|yka jkafka bkash Ou" n, Ou" i;r
i;smGdk" i;r iumamOdk i;r boamdo wd jYfhka
i;a;sia fnda mdlaIsl Oufhda;a" miqj ima; Y=oaka i;a
m%;HflaId {dKfhka fufkys lr fuf;la l,la idrhs"
jkjd" lshd is;= fndfydauhla foaj,a j,g ;kau inkaO
ne|S is ;uka tu nej,ska oeka tajdhska ksoyia jk" msis
jk wdldrh miqmr lsuhs' ;od iuqod.;d hkqfjka yeu
mshjrlu .%y lr fmkajqfha fuf;la ixidrhg ne|S ;kau
inkaO is ne j,ska ksoyia jk wdldrh yd ksoyia jQ
wdldrh miqmr lr ne,Suhs' i;a;sia fndamdlaIsl Ouhka
tlla tlla mdidu h nqoaO Yla;shla ^flf,ia Nj Wrd
oeug Wmldrl Yla;shla& ;uka ;=<u W;amdokh jk nj;a
wka;sug iuqfokh lsf tk ixidr ne iyuq,skau lmd
ne is| oef nqoaO {dKhka imQK jQ nj;a fuys fmkajd
fohs' fuh Lfha {dKhhs' tk wdijlaLfha {dKh"
rd.laLfha {dKh" oafI Lfha {dKh" fudylaLfha {dKh"
lulaLfha {dKh wdhhs' fjd nqoaO {dKhkao fjhs'
flf,ia nj is;ska Wrd wialr oeu l< yelsjkafka nqoaO
{dKfha ud.fhkau mu'
16' nysoaOd jj;a:dfka m[a[d f.dapr kdk;af;a [dKx

l;x nysoaOd Of jj;af:a;s - rEfma nysoaOd
jj;af:a;s" ioafoda nysoaOd jj;af:a;s" .kafOda nysoaOd jj;af:a;s"
rfia nysoaOd jj;af:a;s" fmdGf nysoaOd jj;af:a;s' Of
nysoaOd jj;af:a;s'
rEmd" wcd ixN+;d" ;Kayd iN+;d" luixN+;d"

wdydr iN+;d" p;=kakx uyd N+;dkx Wmdodh;s" jj;af;a;s'
rEmd" wkspd" ixL;d" mpiuqmamkakd" Lh Oud

- 50 -
jhOud" rd. Oud" ksfrdaO Oud jj;af;a;s'

rEfma wkspf;da jj;af;a;s" fkd kspf;da" laLf;da
jj;af;a;s" fkd iqLf;da" wk;a;f;da jj;af;a;s" fkd w;a;f;da'
kskao;s" fkdkkao;s' rc;s" fkdrc;s' ksfrdafO;s" fkd
iuqfoa;s" fkdfrdao;s" mksiaic;s" fkd wh;s' fkdWmdh;s'
wkspf;da wkqmiaikaf;da" kspx mcyd;s' laLflda wkqmiaika
f;da" iqLi[a[x mxy;s' wk;a;f;da wkqmiaikaf;da" w;a;
ix[a[x mcy;s' ksxokaf;da kkax mcy;s' rckaf;da
rd.x mcy;s' ksfrdafOkaf;da iuqohx mcy;s' mksiaickaf;da
wdodkx mcy;s' înqm mcy;s& rEfma nysoaOd jj;af;a;s'
rEm" Yo" .kaO" ri" fmdGn" Ou hk yh wdldrjQ

ndysrfhka mefkk ish foa flfrys f wdldr jQ fufkys
lsu Nd; lrkafka" Ndjkd lrkafka wkqmiaikd lrkafka"
j;a:qkd;a: {dKh imQK f' mD;.ack f,dalhd rEm" Yo"
.|" iqj|" ri" iqj myi fukau Ou kspfia iqjfia" w;a; fia
.kS'
jj;af;a;s hkq i;sfhka Ouhg iQ;%hg nyd .,md

ne,Su" yd Kh-kh-i,ld khg ii|d ne,Suhs' h f,ilska
kh f k bka fjka ksoyia h hq;=uh' ;s%,laLKhg .,md
ne,Su l< hq;=uh' fuh j;a;=kdk;a; [dKhhs'
17' jhdjj;a:dfka m[a[d phd kdk;af;a [dKx

^phd ;=kls'& ;siafida phd'
1' [a[dK phd
2' w[a[dK phd
3' [dK phd
w[a[d [a[dK phd" w[a[d w[a[dK phd"

w[a[d [dKx phd ;x [d;fGak [dKx mcdkkfGak
- 51 -
m[a[d phd jj;af;ak m[a[d phd kdk;af;a [dKx

[a[dK is;ska yeisu tlls' w{dK is;ska yeisu
;j;a tlls' {dK is;lska yeisu ^pr& ;j;a tlls' f
yeis ;=ku h:d m ;uka ;=<skau f;are f.k [dK
phdfjka yeisu nqoaO {dKhls' rd.h" oafIh" fudayh
is;ska Wrd bj;a lr is; msis lr .kakg ls%hd lsu [dK
phdjhs' oaj;djh oek" kfhys msysgd" Kh fkd Kfhka
ksoyia jkakg ls%hd lsu phd kdk;af;a {dKhhs' fuho nqoaO
[dKhls' flf,ia nj Wrd oukakg Wmldr jk oekquls'
phd jj;a:dk hkq ;uka tfkod yeisfrk wdldrh

uYkh lr tys we;s fodia ksfodia oel ksfodia yeisu
f;dardf.k ls%hd;aul jkakg we;s yelshdjhs'
18' p;=Oujj;a;dfka m[a[d N+ kdk;af;a [dKx

p;iafida N+hd
1' ldudjpr N+
2' prEmdjpr N+
3' wrEmdjpr N+
4' wmhdmkak N+
wkdhhka yeisfrk N+ ;=kls' tajd ldudjpr N+
rEmdjpr N+ yd wrEmdjpr N+ k f' wdhhka yeisfrk
N+h jkafka wmhdmkak N+hhs' wdh ud. yd wdh M,hka
wmhdmkak N+j,g wh;ah' f yeis rgdj f;are .;a pr
yd prK hk mofol h:d m f;are .;a wh Y%djlhd N+
kdk;af;a [dKh ,enqfjls' yeisu hkq pr njhs' ;uka
yeish hq;af;a l=uk ud.hl hdug oehs oek f.k wl=i,a Nj
Wrd oukakg yeisu prK k fjhs' th wmhdmkak
N+hhs'
- 52 -
19' kjOu jj;a:dfka m[a[d Oukdk;af;a [dKx

ldudjpr Oufhda fufkys lr;au isf;a mj;sk
flf,ia wialrkakg fyda wiafkdlrkakg fyda tfukau fjkila
fkdjkakgo fya;=jk Ou fufkys ls we;' ^l=i,f;da
jj;af;a;s' wl=i,f;da jj;af;a;s' wLHdl;f;da jj;af;a;s&
rEmdjpr Oufhda fufkys lr;au flf,ia m%ydKh

lrjd ^l=i,f;da jj;af;a& tjka lsisjla is fkdjk
wLHdl;f;da jj;af;a;s& fufkys ls we;'
wrEmdjpr Oufhda fufkys lsfukao flf,ia m%ydKh

jk ^l=i,f;da jj;af;a;s& l=i,a fyda wl=i,a fkdjk ^wLHdl;
jj;af;a;s& fufkys lso we;' tfukau wmhdmkak Ou
fufkys lsf o ^l=i,f;da jj;af;a;s& flf,ia myj hk yd
flf,ia fjkila fkdjk ^wdLHdl; jj;af;a;s& fufkys ls
we;' f kj wdldr jQ is;a fjka lr fjkfjku oek ykd
.ekSu kj Ou jj;a:dfka m[a[djhs' th Oukdk;af;a
[dKhhs' fuho flf,ia Nj Wrd oeug Wmldrl jk ksid
nqoaO [dKhls'
20-21-22-23-24
20' wNs[a[d m[a[d [d;fGa [dKx

21' m[a[d m[a[d ;SrKfGa [dKx
22' mydfka m[a[d mpd.fGa [dKx
23' Ndjkd m[a[d talrifGa [dKx
24' idlshd m[a[d MqikfGa [dKx
fha fha Of wNs[a[d;d fydka;s f;a f;a Oud {d;x
- 53 -
fydka;s h h Ouhla h:dN+; {dKdfhka fufkys lrhso" ta

ta Ouhka ms<sn| Wiia oekqula mQK fjhs' oelaug Wmldrl
oekqu wNs[dKhs'
fha fha Oud m[a[d;dfydka;s" f;a f;a Oud ;Sld

fydka;S h h Ouhla ms<sn|j ms%h" wms%h is| ^msis|&
WfmalaLd is;ska olskakg yelsfjhso th ;SrK m[a[d
{dKhhs' m%ydKh l, hq;= oE iy Nd;d l, hq;=foa ;SrKh
lrhs'
fha fha Oud mySkd fydka;S" f;a f;a Oud mp;d

fydka;s h h Ouhla flf,ia f,i oel m%ydKh lrhso@ ta
ta Ouhka w;aye is; ksoyia fjhs' ^pdf.da&
fha fha Oud Nd;d fydka;s" f;a f;a Oud talrid

fydka;s h h hym;a Ouhla Nd;d lf,ao ta ta Nd;d
lsu u.ska ys; tal.a.;d ;djhg m;a isisf'
fha fha Oud il;d fydka;s" f;a f;a Oud Mqis;d

fydka;s' h h Ouhla laId;a laId;a lr.;af;ao ta ta Ouhka
is; m%ikak njg m;a lrhs' ^ta;x ix;x ta;x mkS;x&
fuu nqoaO [dKfhda myu p;=rdh i;Hhka wjfndaO

lr .kakg;a" iS, iud m[a[d ;s%YslaLd mQK lr.kakg;a
fnfykau Wmldrl jk nqoaO {dKhka fjks' fuhu wdkdmdk
i;sh jeu" i;r i;s mGdkh jeu" Ndjkd lsu" f,iska o
fmkajd h yelsh'
25-26-27-28
25' w;a:kdk;af;a m[a[d w;a:miNsfo [dKx

- 54 -
26' Ou kdk;af;a m[a[d OumiNsfo [dKx

27' ksrela;skdk;af;a m[a[d ksrela;smiNsfo [dKx
28' mNdkkdk;af;a m[a[dmNdkmiNsfo [dKx
mxp bkashhka" mxp n, Ouhka" i;a;fndcx. yd
iud wx. wg ^w wg u.& ms<sn|j fukau mpiuqmamdo
Ouh" p;=rdh i;Hhka yd flf,ia Nj Wrd oef
ls%hdj,sh ms<sn|j w;a: kdkd;ajh" Ou kdk;ajh" ksrela;s
kdk;ajh yd mNdk miNsod kdkd;ajh .%y lrka
flf,ia .;s iy uq,skau Wrd bj;a lr oukakg Wmldrl
f,iskau nqoaO foaYkdj bm;a lsf Yla;sh" yelshdj
isms<sishdm;a {dK fyj;a miNsod {dKhka y;r
yehg fmkajd fohs'
fufia w;a:" Ou" ksrela;s" mNdk kdk;ajh .%y l<

hq;af;a f,dalhla yokakg Wmldrl jk f,!lsl w:fhka fyda
f,dj mj;ajdf.k hkakg Wmldrl Ouhla hk iu;
w:fhka fyda fkdf' f,!lsl" f,daflda;a;r hk w:hka
folu .%y lrks' WNh w: idOkh i|ydu Wmldrl jk
whqks' WNf;da Nd. uqla;shu laId;a laId;a lr.kakg ud.
jD; lr fokakgh'
mxp Of ixfoiafia;=x LH[ck ksre;a;dNs,dmd"

mxp w;af:a ixfoiafia;=x n[ck ksre;a;dNs,dmd wd jYfhka
jHdxck ksrela;s jYfhka ixfoaikdjla w;a: Ou .%y lsug
uq,a lr .;a foaikdjo isjqms<sishd .%yfhau we;=,;ah'
ix fnod fldgialr .%ylsu;a" jHxck" ksrela;s

f,iska fnod bm;a lsug;a" fuys bm;a lrK ksidu fuu
nqoaO NdIs;h miNsod {dKhka f,iska k lr we;' f
wkqj w;a:miNsod {dKh Ou miNsod [dKh ksrela;s
miNsod [dKh" mNdk miNod [dKh f,iska fuu
- 55 -
nqoaO [dKhka k lr we;'

29- 30- 31
29' ydrkdk;af;a m[a[d ydrfGa [dKx
30' ixudm;a;skdk;af;a m[a[d ixudm;a;fGa [dKx
31' ydr ixudm;a;skdk;af;a m[a[d ydriudm;a;fGa
[dKx
fuys ydr ;=kla" ixudm;a;s ;=kla yd ydr
iudm;a;s ;=kla nqoaO {dKhka f,iska .%y lrhs' wks;a;
ydr" wmamys; ydr" iq[a[; ydr hkqfjka ydr ;=kls'
wks;a; ixudm;a;sh" wmamys; iud m;a;sh" iq[a[;
iudm;a;s [dKhka ;=kla" wks;a; ydr iudm;a;sh"
wmamys;ydr iudm;a;sh iq[a[;ydr iudm;a;sh
hkqfjka ydr iudm;a;s [dKhka ;=kls'
ks ;a ; x Nhf;da imia i udfkda " wks ;a f ;a

wuq;a;;a;d Mqiai Mqiai jhx miai;s" mj;a;x wcCOqfmla;ajd
ksfrdaOx" ksndkx" wks;a;x wdj;ajd ixudmc;s'
wks;a; ydrixudm;a;s'
mx Nhf;da imia i udfkda wma m ys f ;a

wuq;a;;a;d Mqiai jhx miai;s" mj;a;x wCOqfmla;ajd
ksfrdaOx ksndkx wmamys;x wdj;ajd ixudmc;s"
wmamys;x ydriudm;a;s'
wNs k s f jix Nhf;da imia i udfkda iq [ a [ f;a

wuq;a;;a;d Mqiai Mqiai jhx miai;s" mj;a;x wCOqfmla;ajd
ks f rda O x ks ndkx iq [ a [ ;x wdj;a j d ixudmc;s
iq[[;dydr iudm;a;s'
fuu y%yfha ydr hkqfjka nqoaO {dKhlao

iudm;a;s hkqfjka nqoaO {dKhlao ydriudm;a;s
- 56 -
hkqfjka nqoaO [dKhlao fmkajd we;' ydr hk ud.

mofha w:h ^ydr& hkq flf,ia f;dard frd fjka lsu
hkakhs' ydr hkq w;ayer ksoyia u hk Ou w:hhs'
is;l Wmk Wmk ^Mqiai Mqiai& flf,ia Nj f;dar f;dard fjka
lr fjkalr flf,ia j,ska ksoyia ug ls%hd lsu ydr
hk ud. mofha f;areuhs' wms wo ydrh hkqfjka Nd;d
lrkafka fufia flf,ia uqojd ykakg Nd;d l, ia:dkhhs'
iudm;a;s îxudm;a;s& hk mofha f;areu ix hkq

rd.h" oafIh" fudayh hk flf,ia ksid iirg inkaOuhs'
ud hkq f flf,ia j,ska îx j,ska& ksoyiauhs' flf,ia
j,ska ksoyia jQ miqj m;ajk ;;ajh m;a;s hk mofhka
.%yfjhs' f wkqj iudm;a;s hkq isf;a Wmk rd.fhka"
oafIfhka" fudayfhka ^flf,ia j,ska& is; ksoyia lr.;a
miqj ,nk Y=oaOm;% ;;ajhhs' iudm;a;s hkq is;l Wm;
,nk msis m%NdIajr ;;ajhhs' ta;;ajh .gu mj;ajdf.k
hduhs' ydr iudm;a;sh hkq f whqka msis jQ flf,ia
j,ska f;dr jQ is;la tl .gu mj;ajdf.k hduhs' fuu
[dKhka ;=ku nqoaO [dKhka f,iska Nd;hg .; hq;=h' fuh
wid oek .ekSu muKlau lsisfia;au m%udKj;a fkdf' iud
m;a;Skag m;au m%dfhda.sl jYfhkau ;ukau w;a | .; hq;=
tlls'
32' wlafmmY=oaO;a;d" wdijiuqffoa m[a[d wdkka-

;l iudiax [dKx
fklaLu jYfhka ;a;iai tal.a.;d wlaffmd
iud ^ldufhka ksoyia jQ is; mdmfhka wl=i, ls%hdjkaf.ka
fjka jQ is; fklaLu is;hs'& tjka is;la wlafm ^tk
laIsma; fkdjq"& fkdiqreKq tald.a.;djhg m;a jQ is;ls'
fujka tal.a.;djhg m;a jQ is;la iud is;la f,iska ykajhs'
fujka is;l nqoaO {dK Wm; ,nhs'
- 57 -
Wmamc;s [dKx" f;ak [dfKak wdijd hka;s b;s

mGux iuf:da mpd [dKx" f;ak [dfKak wdijdkx Lfhda
fyda;s fuu wlafmmY=oaO;d wdijiuqffoa m[a[d
wdkka;l nqoaO [dKhhs'
lduij" Ndjdij" dij yd wcdij hk wdij

ish,a,ulaLh l< hq;=h' ^lmd is| oeh hq;=h&
fida ; dm;a ; s ud.fhka Gdij" Gdkq i h"

lspdkqih iy wmdh.dkS" ldudij" Ndjd ij yd
wmdh.dkS" wcd ij lmd is| ouhs' ^wdifjda h;S&
ilDod.d ud.h jef ,dl ldudij yd

;foa l fGa ^;ka u uq , a n ei.;a & Ndjdifjda fuka u
wcdifjdao lmd is| ouhs' wkd.d ud.h jef
fYaIhlaj;a b;s fkdjk fia ldudij lmd is| ouhs' tajdf.au
lfoalfGa Ndjdifjda ^h;s& lmd oeu flfrhs' wcdij
fldgilao lmd yhs'
wryka; ud.fha wkjfiaid Ndjdifjda h;s'

wkjfiaid wcdifjda h;s' rEm rd." wrEm rd." udk
Woaop" wcd hk ish wdldr jQ wdih wkqih Ouhka
iyuq,skau lmd is| ouhs' wkjfiaid hkq fYaIhlaj;a b;s
fkdjkfia lmd oeu hkakhs'
fufia wdih wkqih ish,a, lmd oud ,nk ;a;

tal.a.;dj;a" m%{duq;a;sh;a" uq,alr f.k ,nk ixudm;a;sh
i[a[d fohs; ksfrdaO iudm;a;sh fyj;a wdkka;l iud
[dKfhka ,nk ksndk iqjhhs'
- 58 -
wYaGdk l< wdldrhg tl .gu w;rla ke;sju ^wka

wka;lj& iudm;a;sfha msysgd ksjka iqjh" tk by;d;au iqL
ydrKh w;a |sk nqoaO [dKh wdkka;l iud [dKhhs'
fuh ish wdij wkqih iyuq,skau lmd oeuq wry;=ka
jykafiagu ,nd.; yels" wYaGdk lrka iudm;a;shg
iuje|Sfukau ,nd.; yels nqoaO [dKhls'
33' oia i kdmf;Hhx ika f ;da p ydrd.fuda mkS ; -

wuq;a;;d m[a[d wrK ydf [dKx
wkspdkq miaikd" laLdkq miaikd" wk;a;dkq miaikd
oiaikdmf;hsHhx - rEm" fokd" ix{d" ixLdr" [a[dK
wd jYfhka mxpialkaOh ms<sn|ju yd mp iuqmamdo wd
yeu wx.hla flfrysu wksp nj laL nj wk;a; nj
fufkys lrka ksp nj" iqL nj" w;a; nj" m%ydKh lr is;
Y=oaO ;;ajhg m;a lr .ekSu fuys islr .; hq;=h'
wks;a;" wmamys;" iq[a[; iudm;a;s j,g

iuje|Sfuka flf,ia iys; jQ ks;af;ka wdi iqjhla
|Sf mys; ^msKu& ;;ajfhka fjka is; rd.fhka iq[a[
lr.; hq;=h' oafIfhka iq[a[ lr.; hq;=h' fudayfhka
iq[a[ lr.; hq;=h' th m;d uq;a;;d is;hs' f wkqj
wrK ydr [dKh kue;s nqoaO [dKh laId;a laId;a lr.;
yels fjhs' kSjrKhka neyer ^m%ydKh lsu& lsu uska isf;a
mj;sk fkdikaiqka nj ke;slr ikaiqka is;la we;slr .ekSu
uska OHdk iudm;a;sfhys msysgd ls%hd lrkakg yels Yla;sh
^rKfuka ksoyia u& wrK ydr [dKhhs' fuho flf,ia
nj Wrd oukakg Wmldrl nqoaO {dKhls'
- 59 -
34' oa yS nf,a y s iuka ; d.f;da " ;fhda p ixLdrdkx

mmiaioahd" fid<fiays [dKphdys" kjys iud phdks"
jiSNj;d m[a[d ksfrdaOiudm;a;shd [dKx
oays nf,a hkq iu: miaikd n,hka folhs" ;fhda p
ixLdrd hkq j ixLdr" ldh ixLdr ufkda ixLdr hk ;=khs'
fid<fiys hkq wdih ^16& wdldr jQ {dK phdjhs' kjys iud
phd hkq kj mdfudcld uq, Ou;djfhdahs' fujka wdldrjQ
ish,af,ys jiSNd;djh hkq flf,ia iyuq,skau lmd is| oud
mdY=oaO ;;ajhg is; m;a lr .ekSuhs' fuu lreKq tlska tl
g fmr .% lrK ,o nqoaO {dK j,ska tlska tl .%y lr
fmkajk ,' fuys isoaO jkafka ta ta nqoaO {dKfhka ,enq
mY=oaO ;;ajh isf;a mj;ajdf.k hdu u.ska frdao ksfrdaO lr
iuqoh îxLdr& ksfrdaO lr ne is| oud ksndk ;;ajhg is;
m;alr .ekSu u.ska ksjka iqjh" ksrdi iqjh ,euhs' fuh
ksfrdaO iudm;a;sh f,iska .%y lrK ,o nqoaO [dKhhs'
bkashhkag ^plaLq fida; wd& ,efnk rEm fokd wdfhka h
fokdjla Wm; ,nhs' f fokdj mskj mskjd" |j |jd
fyda uek uek isfuka frdao lsu ixLdr is;l iajNdjhhs' f
mskfuka" |fuka" uekSfuka f;drj ksfrdaO ^frdaO fkdlsu&
WfmalaLd is;la meje;auhs' tal.a.;djhg m;auhs' nqoaO
{dKhka Wmldrjkafka f i|ydh'
35' imcdkiai mj;a;mhdodfka m[a[d mksndfka

[dKx
bO imcdfkda fklaLfk lduPkaoiai mj;a;x
mhd;s" wLHdmdfoak LHdmdoiai mj;a;x mhdh;s"
wf,dali[a[dh koaoiai mj;a;x mhdh;s" wlaffmak
WoaOpiai mj;a;x mhdh;s" Oujj;a:df;ak lspx
mj;a;x mhd;s' nqoaO [dfKk wPdh mj;a;x mhdh;s"
mdfudfk wr;shd mj;a;x mhd;s" COdfkak kSjrKx
- 60 -
mj;a;x mhd;s' fida;dm;a;s u.af.ak" ilDod.d u.af.ak

wkd.d u.af.ak wry;a; u.af.ak in lsf,iaidkx mj;a;x
mhdh;s' ^mhdh;s hkq mqK jYfhka Wrd oud fjka
uhs'&
w:jd mk imcdkiai wkqmdfiaidh ksndk Od;=hd

mksndkiai boxf[ap plaLq mj;a;x mhdh;s' mj;a;
mhdodfka m[a[d mksndfka [dKx' iu: miaikd
jYfhka mxpldu kSjrk Ouhka iu:hg m;alr .ekSu;a"
ksjK wdjrKh l< flf,ia .;s meje;au iyuq,skau Wrd
oud ^mhdh;s& kej; flf,ia fkdWmk f,iskau is; msis
lr .ekSfukq;a ish flf,ia m%ydKh lsfukq;a wkqmfiai
ksndk iqjhg m;au fuu nqoaO [dKhhs' fuys fuf;la
Wmdodkh lrf.k mj;ajdf.k .sh mxpialkaOfhkau
iyuq,skau ksoyiau yd kej; mxpialkaOh Wmdodkh
lr.ekSfuka je<lS isu wkqmfiai ksndkhhs' Wm hkq
Wmdodkhhs' wkqm hkq Wmdodkh lr.ekSfukao je<lS
Wmdodkh lrf.k is ish,a,u w;yer ksoyia uhs'
fuh wkqmfiai ksndk ;;ajhg m;auhs' wry;a

;;ajhgu m;auhs' fuf;la .%y lrK o< ish nqoaO
{dKhka oek fyda fkdoek fyda imQK lr.;a ishu u.M,
,dNSka wry;=ka jykafia,dh'
36' in Oudkx iud iuqffoa ksfrdafOp wkqmGd-k;d

m[a[d iuiSifGa [dKx
in Ou hkq
1'& mxpialkaOhka
2'& oajdoi wdh;k
3'& wGdri Od;=
4'& l=i,d Oud
- 61 -
5'& wl=i,d Oud

6'& wnHl:d Oud
7'& ldudjpr Oud
8'& rEmdjpr Oud
9'& wrEmdjpr Oud
10'& wmhdmkak Ou
iud iuqffoa;s hkq ix oel ixj,ska ksoyiaj"

iuqoh Wmk uq,a flf,ia uq,a is| oud h,s flf,ia fkdWmk
f,iska Nj Wrd bj;a lsuhs' ksfrdafO;s hkq frdaO fkdlsuhs'
wruqKq f.a frdao lsfuka h .uk hhs' ksfrdaO lsfuka wh
;;ajhg m;a fjhs' wkqmGdk;d hkq h<s h<s;a w;ska flf,ia
fkdWmk wdldrhgu is; msis lr .ekSuhs'
fuu nqoaO [dKh iuiSiG {dKh f,iska k lr

we;'
37' mq:qkdk;af;al;a;f;acmhdodfka m[a[d i,af,a-LfGa

[dKx
rdf.da mq:q" oaffida mq:q" fudfyda mq:q" in Ndj.d
lud mq:q ^mq:q hkq tal;a; kdk;a; oaj;djh oelSuhs'&
lduPkafoda kdk;a;x - fklaLux tal;a;x
LHdmdfoda kdk;a;x - wLHdmdfoda tal;a;x
koaOx kdk;a;x - wf,dal i[a[d tal;a;x
in flf,aid kdk;a;x - wry;a; u.af.da tal;a;x
nqoaO [dKhka f;afcda n,h iys;h
i,af,aL hkq ish flf,ia j,ska ksoyiauhs'
if,af,aL [dKho f wkqj Nj.d luhka tk ish
flf,ia Wrd bj;a lr oukakg Wmldrl Ouhkah'
- 62 -
38' wi,a,Sk;a; mys;;a;m.a.yfGa m[a[d hdrfNa

[dKx
wkqmamkakdkx mdmldkx wl=i,dkx Oudkx wkqmamd-
odh wi,a,Sk;a;d mys;;a;d m.a.yfGa m[a[d hdrfNa
[dKx ^kQmka wl=i,a fkdWmojd isu&
Wmamkakx mdmldkx wl=i,Oudkx mydkdh'''
wkqmamkakdkx l=i,dkx Oudkx Wmamdodh'''
Wmamkakdkx l=i,dkx Oudkx ;shd wifudaidh
NsfhHdNdjdh fjmq,a,dh Ndjkdh mmqhd
wi,a,Sk;a;d mys;;a;d m.a.yfGa m[a[d
hdrfNa [dKx
kQmka wl=i,a u;= h<s fkdbmfuka Wmka wl=i,a

m%ydKh lr is; ksoyia lr .ekSug;a "
kQmka l=i,a is;a Wmojdf.k flf,ia m%ydKh lsug;a"

Wmka l=i,a is;a .ska .gu mj;ajdf.k hka flf,ia .;s
Wmqgd oukakg;a ls%hd lsu hdrN {dKhhs' fuho nqoaO
[dKhls' fuhu i;r boamdo imQK lr.ekSfuka ,nk
nqoaO [dKhhs'
39' kdkd Oumldik;d m[a[d w;a;ixoiaik [dKx
40' in Oudkx talixÒy;d kdk;af;al;a; mffO

m[a[d oiaik Y=oa [dKx
mxpialkaO" oajdoidh;kd;s" wGri Od;= wd ish wdldr jQ
Ouhka wkspfia" laL fia wk;a; fia m%ldY lsug"
oel.ekSug we;s yelshdj" wjfndaOh w;a; ixoiaik {dKhhs'
tys oelau" oYk Y=oahhs' fuu oYK Y=oah i;r
ud.fhau yd i;r M,hkaysu Y=oaO m;% f' ta wkqj
- 63 -
p;=rdh i;Hhka ms<sn|j ;snq oekqu" oelaula njg m;a

m%;HlaIfjhs' kdk;ajh ;=<ska tal;ajh oelSu fuu Y=oa
[dKhhs' kdk;ajh frdo .eiSuhs' tal;ajh ksfrdaOhhs'
41' ;;a;d m[a[d Lka;S [dKx

rEmx wkspf;da ;x rEmx laLf;da ;x" rEmx
wk;a;f;da ;x" hx hx ;x ;x ;x Lu;S;S ;;a;d
m[a[d Lka;S [dKx fokd" ix{d" ixLdrd" [a[dK"
plaLq" fida; >dK wd ish wx.hka ms<sn|j ;s%,laLKh
h:dm fufkys lr h:dN+; {dKh u.ska i;HdjfndaOh
,eu Lka;s [dKhhs'
42' MqG;a;d m[a[d mfhda.dyk [dKx

wksp" laL" wk;a; wd ;s%,laLKh u.ska ksp" iqL"
w;a;" m%ydKh lsf Yla;sh m%{dj mfhda.dyk [dKhhs'
43' ifudaoyfka m[a[d mfoaiydf [dKx" Pd -

iud " Pd ixlmam - iud ixlmam wd jYfhka wdh
wIaGdx.sl ud.fhys tk ishu wx.hka ms<sn|j oaj;djh
fufkys lr Bg fya;= jQ m%;H jQ Pkaoh ^leue;a;& ;lalhka yd
i[a[djka ms<sn|j oaj;djh fufkys lrkakg we;s yelshdj
iy fokdj uid ls%hdlr iekiSu ,nd .ekSu mfoaiydf
[dKhhs'
44-49 jf {dKhka yhls'
1'& wdm;a;d m[a[d i[a[djf [dKx

2'& kdk;af;a m[a[d ff;dajf [dKx
3'& wGdfka m[a[d ;a; jf [dKx
4'& iq[a[f;a m[a[d [dKx jf [dKx
5'& fjdiai.af.a m[a[d fudlaL jf [dKx
- 64 -
6'& ;:fGa m[a[d ipjf [dKx

jg hkq mxpialkaOh tl;=lr îxLdr lrka&
Wmdodkh lr ilia lr .;a ixjgh" ixidr jgh f;are
f.k fuu ixidr jgfhka ksoyiajkakg wjYH ls%hd
ud.hka wkq.ukh lsu jf [dKhhs' ixjgfhka
ixidr jgfhka ksoyia u jg ;;ajhg m;auhs'
i[a[d jg" ff;dajg" ;a;jg fudlaL-

jg" ip jg hk yh wdldrhlshkau ls%hdlr fuu idod
ilia lr.;a ixidr jgfhka ksoyia h hq;=h' f yhu
tlsfklg inkaOh'
1' lduPkaoh" jHdmdoh" koaO" Woaop l=lal=p"
ls;d hk mxpldu kSjrK Ouhka ksid ksjk
wdjrK lr ksjk jid ixidr jghla ilia lrK nj
h:d m oek" oel - ixcdkkh jk wdldrh înkaOh
Wm; ,nk wdldrh& oel bka ksoyia ug lghq;=
lsu i[a[d jf [dKhhs' i[cdkk;af;da
jg;S;s i[a[d jfgda [dKx
2' f;hkaf;da jg;S;s ff;dajg [dKx lduPkao
wdoS mxpldu kSjrKhka osf.a h,s h,s;a is;ska frdao
.eiSu ^ ixLdr lsu& ksid ff;da jghla iliajk nj
oel bka oS ksoyia jkakg ksfrdaO .dKS u. wkq.ukh
lsu'
3' cdkk;af;da jg;S;s" ;a; jfgda [dKx
lduPkaoh wdoS kSjrK Ouhka h,s h,s;a cks; jk
whqre oel bka oS ksoyiau cdkkhhs' ;a;
jghhs'
4' [dKx lfrdkaf;da jg;S;s [dK jf [dKx
lrKSh Ou oek ^fklaLu" wjHdmdo" wf,dali[a[d"
Ou jj;af;ak wdosh& tAjd wkq.ukh lsu [dK
- 65 -
jf [dKhhs'
5' fpdiaickaf;da jg;S;s fudlaL jf [dKx
fjdiai.a. mkd ;;ajfhka is; msis lr .ekSu
fudlaL jf [dKhhs'
6' ;:f jg;S;s ipjf [dKx" p;=rdh
i;Hhka h:d mos wjfndaO lr.ekSu ip jf
[dKhhs' p;=rdh i;Hhka wjfndaOh;a iu.u
mxpldu kSjrK Ou j,ska" mxpialkao Wmdodkfhka
jg ieliS mj;ajdf.k .sh ixidr jgh lmd oud
ksoyia fjhs'
50' ldhms" ;a;ms" tAl jj;a:dk;d" iqLi[a[d[ap" ,yq

i[a[[ap" wGdk jYfhka bCOkfGa m[a[d"
boafO [dKx
fuh boaO keu;s" b m%d;sydhhka mEug
Wmldrjk nqoaO [dKhls' pxo iud" h iud" ;a;
iud" uxid iud hk iud i;ru Wmldr lrf.k îud
mOdk ixLdr iukakd.;x boamdox Nfj;s& hk wdldrhg
boamdo jvd Ndjkdlr ldh jYfhka yd ;a; jYfhka
wYaGdk lr ;a;mdY=oaO ;djfhka hq;=j wNs{d ,eu
boaO [dKhhs'
fuu i;r boamdohka nyq, fldg jv;au lukShx

ldhms ;af;a ifudaoy;s" ;a;ms ldfha ifudaoy;s" ldh
jifhak ;a;x mkdfu;ajd" ;a;x jifhak ldhms
mkdfu;ajd" ldh jifhk ;a;x wGd;s" ;a; jifhka
ldhx wGd;s f wdldrhg h:d mos Nd;hg .;a is;
msis fjhs' ieye,a fjhs' ^mY=oafOk" mfhdaodf;ak&
boaO [dKx wNskSyr;s' wNskskakdfu;s' f wkqj wNs[a[d
Yla;sh yd ff;da uqla;sh ,nd boaO [dKhka ,euo nqoaO
[dKhls'
- 66 -
51' ;lal mamdr jifhk kdk;af;al;a; ioaOd ks;a;dkx

mfhda.dyfka m[a[d fida;Od;= Y=oa [dKx
boaO [dKh ,nd.;a miqj ;jrg;a pkao iud" h
iud" ;a; iud" uxid iud jvd is; msis lrf.k"
ff;dauqla;shg m;ajQ miqj ioaO ks;a; yd inkaOj
fhdaksfida ukisldrfhka fufkys lr h:d mos Nd; is;la
njg mqre lr.;a miqj fida;Od;= Y+oa {dKh ,efnhs' fuh
osj lk ôsn fida;Od;=& ,euhs' fuho wNs{dj,gu wh;a
tla nqoaO [dKhls'
52' ;sKaKx ;a;dkx maMdr;a;d bkashdkx midojifhk

kdk;a;l;a; [a[dKphd mfhda.dyfka m[a[d
ff;damh [dKx
l,ska ia;r l< boaO [dKh yd fida;Od;= Y=oa
[dKh yd iu.u fuu [dKho ,efnhs' f i|ydo fmr
mosu pxo iud" h iud" ;a; iud yd uxid iud jvd
ff;da uqla;sh imQK lr.;a miqj fuu nqoaO [dKh ,nhs'
fuh fidaukiai bkash yd fodaukiai bkash yd inkaO
oelSuls' fuh WfmalaLd bkash u;=ulshs h:d mos oel .kS'
f wkqj mr mqoa.,hskag mr i;a;hska f.a is; lshug Yla;sh
,efnhs' ird.S is; ird.S i;hs oek.kS' rd.S is; rd.S hehs
oek.kS' ifodaix ;a;x ifodaix ;a;h hehs oek.kS'
;fodaix ;a;x ;fodaix ;a;h hehs oek.kS' ifuday
;a;h fuday ;a;h hehs oek .kS' ; fudayx ;a;h ;fudays
f,iska oek.kS' f wdldrhg isf;a O me;slvhka
oaj;djhla iys;j oelSu ff;damh [dKhhs' fuho nqoaO
[dKhls'
- 67 -
53' mphmj;a ; dkx Oudkx kdkd;a f ;a l ;a ; lu

mamdrjfiak mfhda.dyfka m[a[d mqfksjdidkqiai;s
[dKx ^;%soHd [dK&
mph mj;a;dkx hkq mp iuqmamdo Ouh k jQ
fya;=m, Ouhhs' fya;=m, Oufha ;smjghgu oel" h:d
mos wjfndaO lrf.k" kdk;a; tal;a; lu Nx. .%yh
h:d mos f;are f.k" fya;=m, mrmrdjla osf.a w;S;h
wdjckh lrkakg yels Yla;shla ,eu" mY=oaO ;;ajhg
m;alr .ekSu mqf ksjdidkqiai;s [dKhhs' wfkaflays
ixjg lmafma" wfkaflays jglmafma" wfkaflays ixjg
jg lmafma" wuq;%disx tAjkakdfuda" tAjx f.d;af;da tAjx
jKa f Kda " tA j udydfrda " tA j h iq L la L mixfoS
tAjudhqmhkaf;da" fida ;f;da pqf;da bOqmmkafkda;s" b;sidldrx
Woafoaix wfkalys;x mqf ksjdix wkqiair;s' fya;=m,
mrmrdjla osf.au w;S;h wdjckh lrka ixidr jgh
ilialr.;a whqre tA ixidr jg kdY .sh whqre wij,a
wij,a ;ekaj, fuk we;sj f.da;% we;sj fujka cd;sj, rgj,
fujka wdhqI we;sj fujka rciem kaoy" wmdla kaoy'
fujka msxl l<y' fujka ml l<y' fujka w;S; nqjreka
oel.;ay' fujka nk weiqy' wdoS jYfhka wdjckd lrkakg
Yla;sh ,eu mqf ksjdidkqiai;s [dKhhs'
fuu nqoaO [dKh ;%soHd [dKj,ska uq,au [dKhhs'

mpiuqmamdo Ouh h:dmos wjfndaO lr.;a ;rug"
fya;=m, mrmrdj osf.a wdjckh lrkakg Yla;sh ,nd.;a
;rug fuu nqoaO [dKfha Yla;sho n,j;a fjh's
54' Ndijfik kdk;af;al;a;rEmks;a;dkx oiaikfGa

m[a[d osnplaLq [dKx
osnplaLq ôsjeia we;s nj& fyj;a pq;sWm; ms<sn| [dKh
- 68 -
;%soHd [dK w;ka fojekakhs'

m%NdiajrjQ is;ska tA tA mqoa.,hskaf.a" i;ajhskaf.a"
fonUqkaf.a N+; fma;hskaf.a pq;sh yd Wm; fya;=m,
mrmrdjla ;=,ska osjeiska oelSu pq;+mmd; [dKhhs' ^;uka f.a
yd ndysr mqoa.,hskaf.a& j Iap;fhka" ldh Iap;fhka"
ufkda Iap;fhka fkdfhl=;a jeros l%shd l< mqoa.,hska"
wdfhdamdohka l< mqoa.,hska" PdoDIafhka l%shd l<
mqoa.,hskag wmd.; jkakg isjQ whqre" rcl lrka" iem
|ska whq;= widOdrK l l< rcjrekag wmdla |skakg jQ
whqre ;u ;ukaf.au w;S;h fufkys lsfukq;a i;H jYfhkau
oel.kakg ,efnk [dKh osnplaLq [dKhhs' fuho nqoaO
[dKhls' osn plaLq [dKh ,nd.kakg k mQj.dj mqf
ksjdidkqiai;s [dKh ,eh hq;=uh'
55' p;=ihd wdldfys ;sKakx bkashdkx jiSNdjkd m[a[d

wdijdkxLfha [dKx
p;=>hd hkq yeg y;r wdldrhlska hk f;areuhs' ^64&
;sKaKx bkashdkx jiSNdj;d hkq nqoaO foaikdfjys fmkajd
jod, ;%soHd mmQrKhg wksjdhfhkau Wmldrl jk"
ksfil=f.a wOHd;auh ;=,skau myod.; yels" Wmojd.; hq;=
bkashhka ;=kls' tAjd k
1' wk[a[;[a[iaid;s bkash
2' w[a[bkash
3' w[a[d;dbkash hk ;=khs'
f bkashhka ;=ku flf,ia m%ydrKh lr" wialr Wrd

.,jd oukakgu Wmldrjk ksid tAjd jiSNdj;d hkqfjka
klr we;'
wdijdkx Lfha [dKx hkq wdih" wkqih h,s u;= isf;a

fkdWmosk wdldrfhkau flf,ia uq,a is| lmd oeuhs' Lh hkq
- 69 -
lmdoeu" is| oeu" hk w:hhs'

fida;dm;a;s ud.fha oS lemsh hq;= flf,ia lmd oeug
fuhska m<uqjk bkash jQ wk[a[;[a[iaid;s bkash
Nd;d l< hq;=h' bkashhla hkq hula msis lr" fmrd f;dard
frd hym;a foa Nd;hg .kakg;a" wmsis foa neyer
lrkakg;a we;sjk Yla;shls'
ioaOd bkash" h bkash" i;s bkash" iud bkas yd

m[a[d bkash hk bkashhka n,.ekafuka miqj tA wkq.ukh
ls fuka u " mxp bka s h hka yd n,hka Nd;fhka u
fida;du.a.laLK bkashjQ fuu m<uqjk bkashh l%shd;aul
fjhs'
mqf ksjdidkqiai;s [dKh yd pq;+mmdo [dKho

wkqmQrl f,iska fuu bkashhka ;=k Wmod myod .ekSug
fnfykau Wmldr fjhs' fjk;a jpkj,ska mejiqfjd;a
wdijlaLfha [dKh ,nd.ekSug mqf ksjdidkqiai;s [dKh
yd pq;=mmdo [dKh wksjdhfhkau wkqmqnx.u f,iskau
Wmldr fjhs' fuys i|yka lrK ,o wdih wkqih lmd oukakg
Wmldrl jk [dKhka yegy;frka wgla fida;dm;a;s
ud.fhaoS imQK fjhs'
fida;dm;a;s ud.fhaoS iuqGgdk jYfhkau" Wmka Wmka

flf,ia Wrd oukakgu" ifj l=i,d fydka;s" ifj
wkdijd fydka;s" ifj kshHdksld fydaka;s" ifj wkdijd
fydka;s" ifj kshHdksld fydaks;" ifj wmph .d
fyda k a ; s " ifj f,da l = ; a ; rd fydka ; S " ifj
ksndkdrukdfydka;S' fuu lreKq wfgkau is;l Wm;,nk
^cd;d Oud& ish,a,u iyuq,ska u lmd Wrd ouk l%shdj,ska
l%shd;aul jk nqoaO [dKhkays Wmu Yla;shla ,efnk
Wmldrl Ou wgla l%shd;aul fjhs' fuu Wmldrl Ou
- 70 -
wgk"
1' ioa bkashd wfudlaL mjdrd - iycd; mjdrdfydka;s

2' h bkashd m.a.ymjdrd - w[a[u[a[ mjdrd fydka;s
3' i;s bkashd WmGdkmjdrd - ksYaih mjdrd fydka;s
4' iud bkashd wlafm mjdrd - ixmhqla; mjdrd fydka;s
5' m[a[ bkashd oiaik mjdrx - iy.;d fydka;s
6' ukSkashd cdkk mjdrx - iycd;d fydka;s
7' fidaukiais bkashx wNsixok mjdrx - ixiGd fydka;s
8' ;s bkashx mj;a;ix;;dm;af;Hh mjdrx -
imhq;a;dfydka;s
fuu wdldrfhkau fida;dm;a;s wdoS ud. y;foSu;a

fida;dmkak m, wdoS m, y;foSu;a wg wdldrhlska wdih
wkqih uq,ska lmd Wrd oeula isfjhs' tA i|yd bkashhka
wgla ^by; i|yka mos& wg wdldrhlska ^mjdrx& Wmldrl
fuka wg wdldrhlskau flf,ia uq,a wdih wkqih Wm; ,eu
j,ld,hs' h,s fkdWmosk f,iskau flf,ia ne lmd ouhs'
f wkqj fida;dm;a;s ud.fha oS osGdij wkjfiai

jYfhka ^fiaihl= b;s fkdjkfia& lmd ouhs' ilDod.d
ud.fhaoS ,dl ldudij lmd ouhs' wkd.d ud.fhaoS
ldudij iyuq,skau lmd ouhs' Njdij wcdij hk wdij ;=kS
lr lemSug myiq lrhs' wry;a; ud.fhaoS Njdij wcdij
iyuq,skau lmd bj;alr h,s lsisu wdldrhlska wdij wkqih
Wmoskakg fkdyels wdldrhg is; msis lr.kS'
56" 57" 58" 59" 60" 61" 62" 63
56' m[a[ wfGa m[a[d lafL [dKx

l meje;au yd fya;=m, Ou ms wms folu is| ^msis|&
oel.kakd w:fhka wh ;;ajhg m;au laf [dKhhs'
- 71 -
lhkq"
1' mS,k w:fhka" la mSvdj,ska fmf,k udkisl ldhsl
mSvkhg m;a lrK"
2' ixL; w:fhka" l ilialr l%shd;aul lrK fohls
hk w:fhka
3' ika;dm w:fhka ^la iqiq fida ;ejq,a Wmojd ;jk
w:fhka&
4' mkdu w:fhka ^mj;sk ;;ajh ksrka;rfhkau
fjkia jk& ksid l kue;s M,h is;l Wm; ,nk nj
msis| oel.; hq;=h' f ldrKd y;r uq,alr la
|jhs' msis| olskakg mqreu laf {dKhhs'
57' mydkfGa m[a[d iuqofha [dKx îxidr inkaOh &

Wm; ,nk wdldrh oel - iuqoh oel inkaOh isjk
whqre oel th m%ydKh lrkakg Wmldr jk Ou ud.h
wkq.ukh lsu iuqofha [dKhhs'
iuqoh hkq
1' wdhqykfGda îir oslalrK& iir osla lrkakg ksOdk
fya;=jla jk
2' ksodkfGda oi ixfhda.hka ilia lr iirg ne| ;nk
3' î[a[.fGda&
4' ^m,sfndaOfGda& ish ndOl la llfgd Wmokakg
fya;=j m,sfndaOhla whqka oel .; hq;=h' f ksidu iuqoh
m%ydKh l<hq;= neyer l<hq;= fohla f,iska oel .ekSu
iuqofha [dKhhs'
58' ilshfGa m[a[d ksfrdafO [dKx

ksfrdaO hkq frdao lsu keje;au hk w:fhka oek.;
hq;=h' is;ska frdao lsu hkq ;a; osf.a h h wruqKq osf.a
rjq .eiSuhs' rjq .ik ;=rd ixLdr Yla;shla WmoS' tA
- 72 -
[a[dK Yla;shhs' flf,ia Yla;shhs' Nj Yla;shhs' îxNjx

} iuqoh } ixN+;x& f Yla;sh fkdWmojkakg k wruqKq osf.a
frdao fkd.id rjq fkd.id ksfrdaO l< hq;=h'
1' ksiairKfGda ksfrdaOiai - pr îr& fkdlrK w:fhka

2' flfGda - l%shdf f.fhka fjkaf w:fhka
^fldh&
3' wixL;fGda - ixLdr fkdlr ixL; ilia fkdlsf
w:fhka
4' iplshfGda - we;s ;;= h:dmos d;a d;a lr .kakd
w:fhka iuqoh ksfrdaO lsu ksfrdafO [dKhhs' hx lsx
iuqoh Oux" in;a;x ksfrdaO Oux lSf f
Ou;djhhs'
59' NdjkfG m[a[d u.af.a {dKx

fida;dmkak wdoS u.m,hka ,nkakg Wmldrl jk nqoaO
[dKh u.af.a [dKhhs' fuh Ndjkdufha m[a[d hkqfjka
fmkajhs' Ndjkdj hkq Nd;d lsuhs' is; msis jk flf,ia
lmd oS ksoyia jk" flf,ia .;s bj;a lrK" rd.h oafIh
fudayh is;ska lmd bj;a lrK" l%shdud. Nd;d lsu
Ndjkdjhs' tAjdf.au is; msis jk is; oS ksoyiajk
kslaflf,ia Ouhka Nd;d lsuo Ndjkdjhs' fuh wdkmdk
i;s Ndjkdjhs' ^yqiau .ekSu msglsu fuysoS woyia fkdlrhs'&
1' kshHdkfGda
2' fya;=fGda
3' oiaikfGda
4' wdmf;hshfGda Ndjkd w:hhs'
iir .ukg fya;=ka oel fya;= j,ska oS ksoyia jk Ndjkdj

Nd;d lsu wdkd mdkd i;sfhka i;r i;smGdkh imQK
lsu u.af.a [dKhhs'
- 73 -
60-63' laf [dKx

61' laL iuqofha [dKx
62' laL ksfrdafO [dKx
63' laL ksfrdaO.dkshd mmh [dKx
fuu [dK y;ru p;=rdh i;Hhka mQK jYfhka oel
ksndkh d;a d;a lr.ekSu f,iskao fmkajd osh yelsh'
fufia fldgia y;rlg fnod fjka l<;a iuqoh" ksfrdaO lsu
hkak fuys yrhhs' iuqoh lg uq,h' l iuqohg ksOdk
fya;=jhs' ksfrdaOh ms<shuhs' ksfrdaO.d ud.h os.gu
wkq.ukh l< hq;= Nd;d l<hq;= ms<sfj;hs' i;a;sia
fndamdsl Ouhkau h wdldrhlg f;are f.k" flf,ia
Wmosk Wmosk ;ekoSu" ta ta wjia:djkaysoSu" flf,ia lmd is;ska
flf,ia m%ydKh lroud flf,ia uq,a h,s fkdWmoskakgu
iyuq,skau Wrd lmd oukakg k f meje;af we;s wksp"
laL" wk;a;" fufkys lr ksod" rd.d" ksfrdaOd
mksiai.a.d Ndjkd lsu fuu [dKhka y;rgu uq,ajQ
m%{djhs'
64-67 iqoal miNs [dKhka y;r

64' w;a: miNsod [dKh - wfF:iq [dKx
65' Ou miNsod [dKx - Ofiq [dKx
66' ksrela;s miNsod [dKx - ksrela;Siq [dKx
67' mNdk miNsod [dKx - mNdfkaiq [dKx
fuu isjqms<sishdm;a {dKhka 4u kj ^9& wdldrhlska

f;are f.k" h:dN+; [dK oYKh ,en flf,ia m%ydKh
lr flf,ia uq,a lmd is| oukakg Wmldr jk wdldrfhka Ou
.%yhla bosm;a lrkakg" f,dalhdg Ouh jD; lr foaikd
lr fmkajd fokakg" f,dalhdg ksjka u. m, ,nd.kakg
Wmldr jk wdldrhg u. lshdoS m%ldY lr" .%ylr Nckh
- 74 -
lr fnod olajkakg yels Yla;sh" yelshdj n,h isjq

ms<sishdm;a [dKhka f,iska nqoaO foaikdfjys fmkajhs' yeu
u.M,,dNsfhl=gu f nqoaO Yla;Ska y;ru ,nd.kakg k
fmr nqjrekaf.ka f W;= Ouh ukdfldg widoek" m%.=K
lrf.k mpiuqmamdo Ouh h:dmos oel fuu {dKhka
,nd.ekSf wYaGdkh we;sj u. wkq.ukh l< hq;=uh'
fndfyda wry;=ka jykafia,d iqlaloiailh' ;j;a wry;=ka
jykafia,d wNs{d,dNSkah' b;d iq msila wry;=ka jykafia,d
muKla isjqms<sishd,dNS uy wry;=ka jykafia,dh'
isjq ms<sishd ,dNh i|yd wjYH jkakdjq Yla;Ska 9la fufia

.%y l< yelsh'
1' w;a: kdk;a;h" Ou kdk;a;h" ksrela;s kd;a:h yd

mNdk kdk;a:h ms<sn| oekqu' f,!lsl w:h
f,daflda;a;r w:h" iu; w:h m[a[d;a;s ^mkjd.;a&
w:h" mrud:h yd Ou w:h oekSu yd .%y lsu fuu
kdk;ajhhs' iu;h o n,d mrud:h f;are f.k .%y
lrkakg yelsjkafka f kdk;ajh oelSfuks'
2' w;a: jj;a:dfka m[a[d" Ou jj;a:dfka m[a[d" ksrela;s
jj;a:dfka m[a[d" mNdkjj;a:dfka m[a[d hk
jj;a:dfka [dKhka y;r fojekakhs' mpiqumamdo
Ouhg" iQ;%hg" khg .,md ii| n,d .%y lsug yd
wkq.ukh l<hq;= yd w;ayeh hq;= foa fmkajd oSf yelshdj
jj;a:dfka m[a[dhs'
3' w;a: i,a,laLfka m[a[d" Ou i,a,laLfka m[a[d"

ksrela;s i,a,laLfka m[a[d" mNdk i,a,laLfka m[a[d
;=kajk [dKhhs' i,dyer m%ydKh l<hq;= ,K jYfhka
flf,ia oelSu tAjd fjkafldg f;are .ekSu tAjd m%ldYlr
fmkajdoSf yelshdj fuu [dKhhs'
- 75 -
4' w;a : q m ,la L fka m[a [ d" Ouq m ,la L fka m[a [ d"
ksre;a;sWm,laLfka m[a[d" mNdkqm,laLfka m[a[d
y;r jeks {dKhhs' Wm,laLk jYfhka fnod n,d
mpiuqmamdo .%yfha tk" i;a;sia fnda mdsl
Ouhkau m%dfhda.slju wjfndaO lr.kakg Wmldr jk
oekqu fuu w: Wm,laLK [dKhhs'
5' w;a:mamfNafoa m[a[d OumamfNao m[a[d ksrela;smam-

fNafoa m[a[d" mNdkmamfNafoa m[a[d miajeks [dKhhs'
fuh ta ta m%fNao jYfhka Nckh lr Nx. lr fnod
ne,Sf oel .ekSf Yla;sh - ix fnod ne,Sf ix
m%ckkh jk wdldrh îxcdkkh& oelSf Yla;sh" Ouh
m%fNao jYfhka oelSf {dKhka y;rhs'
6' w;a:m%Ndjfka m[a[d" Oum%Ndjfka m[a[d ksrela;smam-

Ndjfka m[a[d mNdkmamNdjfka m[a[d miNsod
{dKfhdah' by; i|yka lrK ,o lreKq wjfndaOfhka
Nd;hg .ekSu fukau neyer l<hq;= flf,ia neyer
lsuo NdjkdmOdfka m[a[d hk w:fhka w: .kajhs'
wo Ndjkd hkqfjka jerhg wkq.ukh lrkafka m%dKhdu
l%uhls' Nd;hg .; hq;= foa yd neyer l<hq;=foa hk
fome;a;u oel wdkmdk i;s Ndjkdju Ndjkd lsu fuu
miNsod {dKfhka fudkjdg y%ylr fmkajd fokq ,nhs'
7' w;a: mfcda;fka m[a[d" Ou mfcda;fka m[a[d

ksrela;smfcda;fka m[a[d" mNdkmmafcda;fka m[a[d
y;ajeks isjqms<sishdm;a {dKhhs' mfcda;kh hkq
t,soelau" nnqu" u;=lr we;a; fmkau hk w:h
f.fkk jpkhls' ;fuda hkq wrg jeiS uqjy u hkakhs'
- 76 -
mfcda;k hk mofha reoaO moh ;fuda hkakhs' ;fuda ;u

mrdhfkda fcda;s fcda;s mrdhfkda hkqfjka p;=:l ksmd;fha
f fome;a; .%y lr we;'
8' w;a: frdapfka m[a[d Ou frdapfka m[a[d" ksrela;s

frdapfka m[a[d" mNdk frdapfka m[a[d hk i;r
{dKhka ms<sishdm;a {dKhkah' jg;s frdap;s hkq
jD; jQ miq wdjrK .,jd oeuq miq nenf,hs' ,sfihs
hkakhs' f wkqju fuu isjqms<sishdm;a {dKhka ,nd.;a
miqju Ouh ksjka olsk wdldrhg m%{d f,dalh is;l
Wmk wdldrhg .%y lr fmkajd h yels Yla;sh
rdapfka {dKhhs' fuho t<s oelauls'
9' w;a : ma m ldifka m[a [ d" Ouma m ldifka m[a [ d

ksrela;smamldifka m[[d mNdkmamldifka m[a[d hk
y;ru miNsod {dKfhdahs' by; i|yka lrK ,o uq,a wg
wdldrfhkau oek.;a" msis Ouh w;a: jHdxck iys;j"
ir, f,iska f,dalhdg;a f;are f.k wkq.ukh lrka
uqla;s {dK oYKh ,nd .kakg Wmldrjk wdldrhg
foaikd lsu" m%ldY lsu fuu miNsod {dKhhs' nqoaO
Ouh f wdldrfhka jD; lr" jeiqkq ;eka u;=lr
wNdjhg .sh ;eka Nd;hg .kakg iqiq whqka m%ldY lr
t<solajkakg yels Yla;sh isjq ms<sishdm;a Yla;shhs'
wjfiai f,dalhdg;a ksjka wjfndaO lr .kakg Wmldr jk
Ouh foaYkd l< yelafla " ud.h myod h yelafla fuu
isjqms<sishdm;a [dKhka iys; u.M, ,dNsfhl=g mu'
68' ;:d.;iai bkashmfrdamh;a; [dKx

69' ;:d.;iai wdihdkqihd[dKx
70' ;:d.;iai hulmdySf [dKx
71' ;:d.;iai uydlreKd iudm;a;s [dKx
- 77 -
72' ;:d.;iai in[aC; [dKx

73' ;:d.;iai ;F: wdjrKx k;a:s;s wkdjrK [dKx
f,d;=rd nqoaO;ajhg m;a jQ W;a;ufhl=g muKlau

oekf.k" ordf.k" .%lr oelah yels fYaIs; jQ [dKhka
yhla widOdrK [dKhka f,iska .%y fjhs' fjd widOdrK
[dKhka f,iska k lf,a nqoaO Y%djlfhl=g fyda uywry;=ka
flfkl=g fyda ord.; fkdyels fyhsks' f,d;=rd nqmshdKka
jykafiag fuka ord.; fkdyels fyhsks' m%dfhad.slj ls%hd;aul
l< fkdyels fyhsks' .%y lr fmkajd h fkdyels fyhsks'
f,d;=rd nqmshdKka jykafia flfkl=g mr;a; cdkk

{dKhg jvd by< jQ" ff;damh [dKhg jvd by< jQ
nplaLq [dKhg jvd n,j;a jQ nqoaO [dKhla jk bkash
mfrdamh;a; {dKh ,efnhs' ndysr f,dalhd ms<sn|j w,am jQ
rcia" udydrcia we;s nj fjka fldg olS' bkaShhkaf.a ^Y%oaOd
bkash wd& ;shqKq nj yd fkdjevqKq nj fjka fldg olS'
mqoa.,hska ;=< mj;sk Odldr wre f,dal iajNdjhka fukau
wf,dal iajNdjho oel ykd.kS' mqoa.,hska ;=< we;s flf,ia
.;s" Yap; .;s Nj .d lu .;s oel.kS' fmr l< mqkH
Yla;Skao oel.kS'
mqoa.,hska ;=< wdih" wkqih Wm; ,nk yd ;ekam;a jk

tfukau ls%hd;aul jk Odldrhkao okS' f,dalhdg tajd
meye,s lrugo yelshdj we;s fjhs' mqoa.,hska ;=< ldudij"
Ndjdij Gdij fukau wcd ij ls%hd;aul jk wdldrh;a"
rd. wkqih" m> wkqih wcd wkqih Wm; ,nk wdldrh;a"
wkqih" lspd wkqih Wm; ,nk wdldrhka udk
wkqih ilia jk wdldrhka olS' tajd .%y lr ia;r lr
fokakgo f;are lr lshd fokakgo okS'
- 78 -
tlu wjia:df m%;sreoaO lreKq ldrKd folla lsf

Yla;shlao mj;S' th hul mdySr [dKhhs'
uydlreKd iudm;a;s [dKh f,dalhd foi n,d Wmldr

lsf Yla;shlao ,efnk iudm;a;s {dKhls' ix .%yhla
lr ix mo y;r .%y lr f,dalhdg ixidr Nh .%y lr
ixfoaYkdjla lsf Yla;sh ,efnkafkao fuu nqoaO [dKhka
,eu;a iu.uh'
ish wdldr jQ fuu nqoaO {dKhka ,efnkafka ksfil=gh'

nqoaO;ajhg m;ajkafkao ksfil=uh' nqoaO;ajh hkq flf,ia
Nj Wrd oeu ksid m;ajQ Y=oaO ;;ajhhs' ta ksid f,d;=rd"
nqoaO;ajhg m;a jQ W;=ful= f,dalhdg fujka nqoaO {dKhka
m%ldY lr fmkajd jodf,a wjfYaI f,dalhdg ^fo ksiqkag;a&
flf,ia Nj iyuq,skau Wrd oud Nj .d lu laLh lr oud
iir lska ioygu ksoyia jkakgh'
fujka nqoaO [dKhka lgmdv lrf.k icdhkd lsfuka

muKlau lsisu flfkl=g flf,ia Nj Wrd bj;a lr oud
ksndk .d h fkdyels nj ish ksiqka iska h:d m
wjfndaO lr .; hq;=h'
ish nqoaO {dKhka ,nd .kakg k mhdma;s" m%;sfO"

m%;sm;a;s hk ;s%Odldr ls%hdud.hka m%dfhda.slju wid oek"
fufkys lr" OdrKh lrf.k m%dfhda.slju wkq.ukh lr ;u
;ukau w;a oel .; hq;=h' jir ishhla wd;au ishhla lshj
lshjd" icdhkd lrka" je je|ska" he hka" me;=
m;ka" ms mqoka" mQcd mj;ajka ish;a tlo nqoaO
[dKhla fyda ,efnkafka ke;' Nj .d luhka Wm; ,nkafka
is;luh' Nj .d lu flf,ia Nj Wrd oukakg Wmldrjk
ishu ls%hd ud. nqoaO [dKfhdah' fhdaksfida-ukisldrfhka
ls%hd lr uki Wiia msis ;;ajhg m;alr.;a ksfil=f.au
is;l ish nqoaO [dKfhda ls%hd;aul fjhs'

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;% Ys,amshd" l,dlrejd" idys;Hlrejd fukau

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j;au" meje;au .gu mj;ajdf.k hdu" ms<sn|j h

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mp iuq q m a m do Ouh fkdk" h:dm

iud inqoaO;ajhg m;au kue;s wisu;a isu

iud inqoaO;ajhg m;ajk ishu W;a;uhska

fufia flf,ia uq,a Wrd uq miqj muKla iud uqla;sh

zzfndai;ajZZ hk wjia:df Nj Wrd oukakg

nqoaO;ajhg m;ajQ miqj" ;uka jykafiau nqoaO;ajhg

zzmqfp f ifndaOdZZ hkqfjka m%ldY lf,a

Wreu lr.ekSula kd fjk;a lsis yrhla f ; meje;au

fujka ishu m%Yak j,g" .eg j,g uq,a jQ fya;=j

mD;.ack f,dalhd rd.fhka u;a " oafIfhka u;a "

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rd. nj" fuday nj" oafI nj Wmkafkau is;lh'

2' Nj ksfrdafOda cd;s ksfrdafOda

ud. nqoaO NdIs;fha fmkajd jod, Nj ^ixNjx" iuqoh"

kQ;k .sys me fndfyda W.;=ka ,shq yd mj;kh l<

nqoaO foaYkdf Nj" ixNj ^c& hk moj,ska fmkajqfha

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fuys rd. rd. lr" wcd y;d lr" ;fuda y;d

Nj Wrd oud nqoaO;ajhg m;ajQ W;=uka zzrcx

nqoaO;ajhg m;ajQ f.!;u nqmshdKkajykafia tod

m;ajQy' fufia oy wei myod" oiaifkak ixmkakug Wmldr

nUhla muK jQ f Yr l+vqj wdY%fhkau ;=kaf,dalhu

rd. rd. lr" wr y;d lr" ^;fuda y;d& cd

3' nqoaO;ajhg m;ajk ishu W;a;uhska my; i|yka lrkq

1' nqoaO ;;ajh" nqoaO nj" hkq ;=ka;rd fndafhka tla;rd

2' nqoaO;ajhg m;ajQ W;=uka jykafia,d yeu flfklau

3' wdh wGdx.sl ud.h" f,daflda;a;r ksjka ud.h

fidhd k wjfndaO lr.; hq;=hs'& f wkqj zziudZZ

4' WNf;da Nd. uqla;shu imQK lr.;a W;=uka nqoaO

5' ;= k a ; rd fnda hla w;ka tla ; rd fnda hls k a

6' nqoaO ;;a;ajhg m;afjk ishu wdhhka jykafia,d

wkq.ukh lr ilod.d M,hg m;ajQy' wkd.d