Volume Calculation of a tilted cylinder

Fig 1. C.S and L.S of the cylinder

Solution Procedure followed:

Convert all the polar co-ordinates into Cartesian co-ordinate system and then integrate along
the z-, x- and y- axis to get the volume and the corresponding limits are applied based on the
figure.

𝑉 = ∭ 𝑑𝑧 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦

Limits considered from the figure,

For volume V1,

𝑧 → 0 𝑡𝑜 {𝑠 + 𝑟 cot 𝜃 + 𝑦 cot 𝜃 }

𝑥 → −√𝑟 2 − 𝑦 2 𝑡𝑜 √𝑟 2 − 𝑦 2

𝑦 → −𝑟 𝑡𝑜 (𝐿 − 𝑠 − 𝑟 cot 𝜃) tan 𝜃

Prepared by gskumar@iitk.ac.in 23/08/17

For volume V2,

𝑧 → 0 𝑡𝑜 𝐿

𝑥 → −√𝑟 2 − 𝑦 2 𝑡𝑜 √𝑟 2 − 𝑦 2

𝑦 → (𝐿 − 𝑠 − 𝑟 cot 𝜃) tan 𝜃 𝑡𝑜 𝑟

Mathematica 11 has been used to evaluate the complex integration and substitution of limits of
y- axis is not possible in the software as it involves arcTan term. Hence integration alone is
done using the package and limit substitution is done manually. Autocad 16 has been used to
draw the figures.

1 (𝐿 − 𝑠 − 𝑟Cot[𝜃])Tan[𝜃]
𝑉1 = (3𝑟 2 ArcTan [ ] (𝑠 + 𝑟Cot[𝜃])
3 √𝑟 2 − (𝐿 − 𝑠 − 𝑟Cot[𝜃])2 Tan[𝜃]2

+ √𝑟 2 − (𝐿 − 𝑠 − 𝑟Cot[𝜃])2 Tan[𝜃]2 (3𝑠(𝐿 − 𝑠 − 𝑟Cot[𝜃])Tan[𝜃]

+ Cot[𝜃](−2𝑟 2 + 3𝑟(𝐿 − 𝑠 − 𝑟Cot[𝜃])Tan[𝜃]

πr 2
+ 2(𝐿 − 𝑠 − 𝑟Cot[𝜃])2 Tan[𝜃]2 ))) − (𝑠 + 𝑟Cot[𝜃])
2

𝜋𝑟 2 𝐿 (𝐿 − 𝑠 − 𝑟Cot[𝜃])Tan[𝜃]
𝑉2 = − 𝐿 (𝑟 2 ArcTan [ ]
2 √𝑟 2 − (𝐿 − 𝑠 − 𝑟Cot[𝜃])2 Tan[𝜃]2

+ (𝐿 − 𝑠 − 𝑟Cot[𝜃])Tan[𝜃]√𝑟 2 − (𝐿 − 𝑠 − 𝑟Cot[𝜃])2 Tan[𝜃]2 )

𝑉𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑡 = 𝑉1 + 𝑉2

𝑉𝑐𝑦𝑙 = 𝜋𝑟 2 𝐿

𝑉𝑟𝑒𝑞 = 𝑉𝑐𝑦𝑙 − 𝑉𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑡

Find the tilt angle by substituting the values of 𝑠 , 𝜃 to match with 𝑉𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑡 .

The solution has been obtained for the general case.

It can be further simplified as shown in the following figure:

Prepared by gskumar@iitk.ac.in 23/08/17

 Fig 2. Liquid free surface touches the brim of the cylinder

As a simplified approach as shown in Fig.2,

Substituting 𝑠 = 𝐿 − 2𝑟 cot 𝜃 in the equations of V1 and V2, the equations will get reduced to,

1 2
𝑉1 = 𝐿𝜋𝑟 2 − (𝑟 2 )3⁄2 Cot[𝜃]
2 3

1
𝑉2 = 𝐿𝜋𝑟 2
2

Finally,

2 2 3⁄2
𝑉𝑟𝑒𝑞 = (𝑟 ) Cot[𝜃]
3

Now you know 𝑉𝑟𝑒𝑞 , Find out 𝜃.

Prepared by gskumar@iitk.ac.in 23/08/17