2012

ANU College of Engineering & Technology

Department of
Electronics & Communication Engineering

Subject: Electromagnetic Field Theory &

Transmission Lines

B. Tech IInd Year I Semester

Faculty:
Mr. S NagaKishore Bhavanam
Assistant Professor
ANU College of Engineering & Technology
Guntur - 522 510
Hello: +91-99895 41444
Email: kishore.ece.anu@gmail.com
ANU College of Engineering & Technology
Acharya Nagarjuna University
Nagarjuna Nagar, Guntur – 522 510
www.anu.ac.in
 CONTENTS

TOPIC Pg.No
1. Introduction about Electromagnetics …………………………………………………………….. 1
2. Vector AnalysiS………………………………………………………………………………….. 1
Unit vector………………………………………………………………………………………… 1B
Vector Addition & Subtraction…………………………………………………………………… 2
Position & Distance Vectors …………………………………………………………………….. 2B
Vector Multiplication …………………………………………………………………………….. 2B
Dot Product……………………………………………………………………………………….. 3
Cross Product…………………………………………………………………………………….. 3
Scalar Triple Product……………………………………………………………………………... 3
Vector Triple Product……………………………………………………………………………..3B
Properties of Dot Product………………………………………………………………………… 3B
3. Coordinate Systems: Orthogonal………………………………………………………………… 4
Cartesian Coordinates……………………………………………………………………………. 4
Circular Cylindrical Coordinates………………………………………………………………… 4
Spherical Coordinates……………………………………………………………………………. 4B
4. Differentiation: The ▼ operator………………………………………………………………… 5
5. International System of Units……………………………………………………………………. 6
Elemental Units……………………………………………………………………………………6
Derived Units…………………………………………………………………………………...... 6

ELECTROSTATICS
6. Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………… 7
7. Coulomb’s Law………………………………………………………………………………….. 7
8. Electric Field Intensity…………………………………………………………………………… 8B
9. Problems…………………………………………………………………………………………. 9
10. Field due to a Continuous charge Distribution…………………………………………………. 10
11. Electric Displacement Density (D: Electric flux density)……………………………………… 10B
12. Gauss’s Law…………………………………………………………………………………….. 11
13. Examples………………………………………………………………………………………… 11B
14. Applications of Gauss Law……………………………………………………………………… 12
Point charge………………………………………………………………………………………. 12
Infinite Line charge……………………………………………………………………………….. 12B
15. Electric potential………………………………………………………………………………….. 13
16. Problems………………………………………………………………………………………….. 14
17. Relationship between E & V…………………………………………………………………….. 15
18. Problems………………………………………………………………………………………….. 15B
19. Energy density……………………………………………………………………………………. 16
20. Problems………………………………………………………………………………………….. 18
21. Convection & conduction currents……………………………………………………………… 18B
22. Dielectric constant……………………………………………………………………………….. 20
23. Linear, Isotropic & Homogeneous Dielectrics………………………………………………….. 20
24. Continuity Equation……………………………………………………………………………… 20B
25. Relaxation Time………………………………………………………………………………….. 21
26. Example…………………………………………………………………………………………… 22
27. Poisson’s and Lapalace Equations……………………………………………………………….. 22
28. Capacitance……………………………………………………………………………………….. 23
Parallel Plate Capacitor…………………………………………………………………………… 23B
Coaxial Capacitor………………………………………………………………………………… 24B
Spherical capacitor……………………………………………………………………………….. 25

MAGNETOSTATICS
29. Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………….. 26
30. Biot-Savart’s Law………………………………………………………………………………… 26
31. Ampere’s Circuit Law……………………………………………………………………………. 27
32. Applications of Ampere’s Law………………………………………………………………….. 28
Infinite Line Current……………………………………………………………………………… 28
Infinite Sheet of Current………………………………………………………………………….29
Infinitely Long Coaxial Transmission Line……………………………………………………… 29B
33. Magnetic Flux Density……………………………………………………………………………. 31
34. Maxwell Equations for Electrostatic & Magnetostatic Fields…………………………………… 31B
35. Magnetic Scalar & vector Potentials……………………………………………………………… 32
36. Force due to Magnetic Fields:……………………………………………………………………. 33
Force on a charged particle………………………………………………………………………. 33
Force on a current element………………………………………………………………………. 34
Force between two current elements……………………………………………………………. 34B
37. Inductances………………………………………………………………………………………. 35B
38. Magnetic Energy………………………………………………………………………………….. 37B

MAXWELL EQUATIONS (TIME VARYING FIELDS)

39. Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………. 39
40. Faraday’s Law…………………………………………………………………………………….. 39
41. Transformer EMF…………………………………………………………………………………. 40
42. Inconsistency of Ampere’s Law…………………………………………………………………. 40B
43. Displacement Current Density…………………………………………………………………… 41B
44. Maxwell’s Equations in differential Final Forms……………………………………………….. 42
45. Conditions at a Boundary Surface………………………………………………………………. 43
46. Word Statements of the Field equations…………………………………………………………. 46

EM Wave Characteristics –I

47. Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………. 47
48. Wave equation for a conducting medium………………………………………………………. 47
49. Wave equation for free space (Dielectric Medium)……………………………………………… 48B
50. Uniform Plane Waves……………………………………………………………………………. 49B
51. Relation between E & H in a uniform plane wave……………………………………………... 50B
52. Sinusoidal time variations………………………………………………………………………… 52
53. Wave propagation in a lossless medium………………………………………………………… 53B
54. Wave propagation in a conducting medium……………………………………………………… 54
55. Conductors and Dielectrics………………………………………………………………………... 55
56. Wave Propagation in good dielectrics……………………………………………………………. 55B
57. Wave Propagation in good Conductors………………………………………………………….. 57
58. Depth of Penetration……………………………………………………………………………… 57B
59. Polarization……………………………………………………………………………………….. 58
Linear Polarization………………………………………………………………………………… 58
Elliptical Polarization……………………………………………………………………………… 58
Circular Polarization……………………………………………………………………………… 58B

EM Wave Characteristics –II

60. Reflection by a perfect Conductor – Normal Incidence………………………………………….. 59

61. Reflection by a Perfect Conductor – Oblique Incidence……………………………………….. 61
62. Reflection by a perfect Dielectric – Normal Incidence…………………………………………. 64
63. Reflection by a perfect Insulator – Oblique Incidence………………………………………….. 65B
64. Brewster Angle……………………………………………………………………………………. 67B
65. Total Internal Reflection………………………………………………………………………….. 68B
66. Surface Impedance……………………………………………………………………………….. 69
67. Poynting Theorem………………………………………………………………………………….. 71
68. Poynting Vector…………………………………………………………………………………… 72B
69. Reactive Power…………………………………………………………………………………… 73
70. Power Loss in a Plane Conductor………………………………………………………………… 74
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MAXWELL Equations (Time Varying Fields)