 

EF

 

٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬٢٦٢  ‫א‬
   EF  
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
K K١
K K٢
K K٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
 K‫א‬ K٥
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٦
 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬٢٦٢  ‫א‬
   EF  
 

 W ١ J٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ،
 K
 W ٢ J٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
F‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬ J‫א‬
 W
∞
  F ( s) = L( f (t )) = ∫ f (t )e− st dt
0

 W
KE s = σ + jω F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WF(s) E
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Wf(t) E
KWL E
 W‫א‬
L−1 ( F ( s )) = L−1 ( L( f ( s ))) = f ( s )
  1
c + j∞

2πj c −∫j∞
= F ( s )e st ds

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬

 W ٣ J٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬٢٦٢  ‫א‬
   EF  
 

W‫א‬ E
L( af (t ) + bg (t )) = aF ( s ) + bG ( s )
 W‫א‬ E
  L( Af (t )) = AL( f (t ))
 W‫א‬‫א‬ E
  L( f (t ) ± g (t )) = F (s) ± G (s)
 W‫א‬‫א‬ E
⎛ f (t ) ⎞ n
n
  L⎜⎜ d n
⎟⎟ = s F ( s ) − ∑ k =1 s n − k f ( k −1) (0)
n

⎝ dt ⎠
 WK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬f(0)
k −1
f (t )
  f ( k −1) (t ) = d k −1
dt
 W‫א‬‫א‬ E
( f (t )dt )t =0
  L(∫ f (t )dt ) = F ( s) + ∫
s s

(
L ∫∫ f (t )dtdt = ) F (s)
+
(∫ f (t )dt ) t =0
+
(∫∫ f (t )dtdt )
t =0
s2 s 2
s
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E
L( f (t − T ) = e − sT F ( s )
 Ws‫א‬‫א‬ E
  L(e at f (t )) = F ( s − a )
W‫א‬ E
1 s
L( f ( at )) = F( )
a a
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E
‫א‬‫א‬ lim sF ( s ) ‫א‬
s →∞
 W‫א‬f(t)‫א‬‫א‬
  f (0) = lim sF ( s )
s →∞

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬٢٦٢  ‫א‬
   EF  
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬ E
‫א‬‫א‬ lim sF ( s ) ‫א‬
s→0
 W‫א‬f(t)‫א‬
  lim f (t ) = lim sF ( s)
t →∞ s →0

 WE١ J٢F
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
A t≥0
  x(t ) = ⎧⎨
⎩0 t < 0
 W‫א‬
 W،‫א‬
∞ ∞
− st
X ( s ) = ∫ x (t )e dt = ∫ Ae − st dt
0 0

∞
A A
X ( s ) = − e − st =
s s
0
u(t)،A=1‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬،‫א‬
1
U ( s) =
s
 WE٢ J٢F
 W‫א‬‫א‬
⎧ at
t≥0
  x(t ) = ⎨ Ae
⎩ 0 t<0

 W‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
∞ ∞ ∞
X ( s ) = ∫ x(t )e dt = ∫ Ae e dt = ∫ Ae − ( s − a )t dt
− st at − st

0 0 0

∞
A − st A
X ( s) = − e =
s−a s−a
0

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬٢٦٢  ‫א‬
   EF  
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٤ J٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١ J٢F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

1 r (t ) = δ (t ) ‫א‬‫א‬
A ⎧ A; t ≥ 0
u (t ) = ⎨ ‫א‬‫א‬
s ⎩ 0; t < 0

A ⎧ At ; t ≥ 0
r (t ) = ⎨ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
s2 ⎩ 0; t < 0
A
r (t ) = At 2 ‫א‬‫א‬
s3
A
Ae− at ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
s+a
Aω
A sin ωt ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
s + ω2
2

As
A cos ωt ‫א‬‫א‬
s + ω2
2

n!
(s + a )n +1 t n e − at (n = 1,2,3,....)

ω
e − at sin ωt
(s + a )2 + ω 2
s+a
e − at cos ωt
(s + a )2 + ω 2
 K‫א‬‫א‬،E١ J٢F

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬٢٦٢  ‫א‬
   EF  
 

 W‫א‬ ٥ J٢
،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  F ( s) = F1 ( s) + F2 ( s) + ......... + Fn ( s)
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  f (t ) = f1 (t ) + f 2 (t ) + ......... + f n (t )
 W‫א‬،F(s)‫א‬‫א‬
  F ( s) = B( s)
A( s )
Ks‫א‬‫א‬ A(s)‫א‬B(s)‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  F ( s) = B( s) = K ( s + Z1 )(s + Z 2 )...(s + Z m )
A( s) ( s + P1 )( s + P2 )...( s + Pn )
‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬  Pn, ..., P2, P1 Zm, …., Z2, Z1
 n ،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ Km
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ Pn, ..., P2, P1 ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
‫א‬،،
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K‫א‬  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬١ J٥ J٢
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  F ( s) = B( s) = a1 a
+ 2 + ..... + n
a
A( s ) s + P1 s + P2 s + Pn
  ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ an ,...., a2 , a1 ‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬٢٦٢  ‫א‬
   EF  
 

  a1 = (F ( s)(s + P1 ) ) s = − P 1

  a2 = (F (s)(s + P2 )) s = − P 2

 KKKKKKKKKKKKKK
  an = (F (s)(s + Pn ) ) s = − P n

 WF(s)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  f (t ) = a1e− P t + a2e− P t + ..... + ane− P t
1 2 n

 WE٣ J٢F
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
s+2
  F (s) =
s(s + 1)(s + 3)
 W‫א‬
 s=-3, s=-1, s=0‫א‬
  F ( s) = a1 + a2 a
+ 3
s s +1 s + 3
 W‫א‬‫א‬
  a1 = (sF ( s) ) s = 0 = 2 , 1
a2 = ((s + 1)F ( s) ) s = −1 = − , a3 = ((s + 3)F ( s) ) s = −3 = −
1
3 2 6
 W‫א‬F(s)‫א‬‫א‬
2 1 1
  F (s) = 3− 2 − 6
s (s + 1) (s + 3)
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١ J٢F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  f (t ) = 2 u (t ) − 1 e−t − 1 e−3t
3 2 6
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬٢ J٥ J٢
،‫א‬ P2, P1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
α1 s + α 2
  F ( s) = B( s) = +
a3
+ ..... + n
a
(s + P1 )(s + P2 )
A( s) s + P3 s + Pn
 W s = − P1 ‫א‬ (s + P1 )(s + P2 ) ‫א‬ α 2 , α1 
  α1s + α 2 s = − P = F ( s)(s + P1 )(s + P2 ) s = − P
1 1

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬٢٦٢  ‫א‬
   EF  
 


 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬P1‫א‬
،
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K α 2 , α1 

 WE٤ J٢F
 W‫א‬‫א‬
  F (s) = (s + 1)
s (s 2 + s + 1)
 W‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
  F ( s) = α21s + α 2 +
a
s + s +1 s
 W‫א‬‫א‬
  s = 0, s = −0.5 ± j 0.866
 W
  P3 = 0, P1 , P2 = −0.5 ± j 0.866
 W s = −0.5 ± j 0.866 ‫א‬ (s 2 + s + 1) ‫א‬
  s +1 = α1s + α 2 s = −0.5 − j 0.866
s s = −0.5 − j 0.866

0.5 − j 0.866
  = α1 (− 0.5 − j 0.866) + α 2
− 0.5 − j 0.866

  0.5 − j 0.866 = α1 (0.25 + j 0.866 − 0.75) + α 2 (− 0.5 − j 0.866)

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
− 0.5α1 − 0.5α 2 = 0.5
 
0.866α1 − 0.866α 2 = −0.866
∴ α1 + α 2 = −1
  α1 − α 2 = −1
α 2 = 0 , α1 = −1
 W‫א‬‫א‬
s(s + 1)
  a = sF ( s) s = 0 = =1
s (s 2 + s + 1) s = 0
−s 1
  F (s) = +
s + s +1 s
2

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬٢٦٢  ‫א‬
   EF  
 
1 s + 0.5 0.5
  = − +
s (s + 0.5) + (0.866) (s + 0.5) + (0.866)2
2 2 2

‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١ J٢F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  f (t ) = 1 − e−0.5t cos(0.866t ) + 0.578e−0.5t sin (0.866t )
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬٣ J٥ J٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ r‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
  F ( s) = B( s) = br
+
br −1
+ ... +
b1
A( s) (s + P1 ) (s + P2 )
r r −1
(s + P1 )
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ b1 ,...., br −1 , br ‫א‬‫א‬
 W، s = P1  (s + P1 )r ‫א‬ E
  br = (s + P1 )r F ( s) s = − P
1

،s‫א‬‫א‬ (s + P1 )r ‫א‬ E

W، s = P1
  br −1 = d
(s + P1 )r F ( s)
ds s = − P1

W،s‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E
1 d2
br − 2 = 2
(s + P1 )r F (s)
2 ds s=−P 1

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E
W‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
1 dk
br − k = ( s + P1 ) r F ( s )
k! ds k s=−P 1

 WE٥ J٢F
 W‫א‬‫א‬
s 2 + 2s + 3
  F (s) =
(s + 1)3
 W‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬٢٦٢  ‫א‬
   EF  
 
b3 b2 b
  F (s) = + + 1
(s + 1) (s + 1) (s + 1)
3 2

 K s = −1, s = −1, s = −1 ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
  b3 = F ( s)(s + 1)3 s = −1 = s 2 + 2s + 3 s = −1 = 2
  b2 = 1 d 2
1! ds
(
s + 2s + 3 ) = 2 s + 2 s = −1 = 0
s = −1

  b1 = 1 d
(2s + 2) = 2 = 1
2! ds s = −1 2
 WF(s)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
2 1
  F (s) = +
(s + 1) (s + 1)
3

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١ J٢F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  f (t ) = t 2e −t + e−t for t≥0

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٦ J٢
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬،
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
n
y (t ) d n −1 y (t ) dy (t )
  an d n
+ an −1 n −1
+ ...... + a1 + a0 y (t ) = x(t )
dt dt dt

F‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬KKKKK‫א‬‫א‬،y(t)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬KE ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  Y ( s) = B( s)
A( s )

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  y (s) = L−1⎛⎜⎜ B( s) ⎞⎟⎟
⎝ A( s ) ⎠

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬٢٦٢  ‫א‬
   EF  
 

 WE٦ J٢F
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
d 2 y (t ) dy (t )
2
+4 + 5 y (t ) = 5 x(t )
  dt dt
dy (0)
y (0) = 1, =2
dt

 W‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W

  ⎛⎜ s 2Y ( s) − sy (0) − dy(0) ⎞⎟ + 4(sY ( s) − y (0) ) + 5Y ( s) = 5 X ( s)

⎝ dt ⎠

  (s 2Y ( s) − s − 2) + 4(sY ( s) − 1) + 5Y ( s) = 5 X (s)
  (s 2 + 4s + 5)Y ( s) = 5 X ( s) + s + 6
  X ( s) = 1  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬x(t)‫א‬
s
 W‫א‬
s 2 + 6s + 5
  Y (s) =
s ( s 2 + 4 s + 5)
  s = −2 ± j, s = 0   W‫א‬‫א‬
 W
a1s + a2
  Y (s) = a
+ 3
(s + 2 ) + 1 s
2

  a1 = 0 , a2 = 2 , a3 = 1  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  Y (s) = 1 + 2
s (s + 2)2 + 1
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١ J٢F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  y (t ) = 1 + 2e −2t sin t t≥0

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬٢٦٢  ‫א‬
   EF  
 

 W
W‫א‬‫א‬ K١
t≥0،x(t) = 10 E
t≥0،x(t) = -10 E
t≥0،x(t) =-3t E
t≥0،x(t) = 2t E
t≥0،z(t)=e5t E
WE١ J٢F‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
t≥0،z(t)=10e-7t E
t≥0،x(t)=2sin3t E
t≥0،y(t)=10Cos5t E
t≥0،v(t)=eatCosωt E
t≥0،w(t)=eatsinωt E
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
1
F (s) = E
s (s + 1)(s + 2)
s+3
F (s) = E
(s + 1)(s + 2)2
13
F ( s) = 2 E
s (s + 4s + 13)
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
2 y '' (t ) + 7 y ' (t ) + 3 y (t ) = 0 , y (t ) = 0 , y ' (0) = 0 E
  y ''' (t ) + 4 y '' (t ) + y ' (t ) + 3 y (t ) = 0 , y (t ) = 0 , y ' (0) = 0 , y '' (0) = 0 E

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