Name: Bobier , Fitzgerald

Cuervo , Maricar B.

Ocba , Flordeliza A.

Perez , Graciella

Section Code: CEIT – Common – 404P

Group Title: “The Fifth Republic”

I. OBJECTIVES

1. A study that is aimed to dig and discover facts that shall not only enhance

and complement our own knowledge but to also aggravate and intensify

our adoration and care for our beloved Pearl of the Orient.

2. An output set out to enrich our familiarity to the former Presidents

‘projects and programs that is to help the people of the Philippines.

3. And lastly, to share and teach our fellow students the importance of the

late Presidents and their own way of making the country a better place to

live in, in any way they know how.

II. STRATEGY
III. CONTENT

The world‟s eye was on the Philippines after it successfully toppled down almost

a decade of dictatorship rule through a peaceful demonstration tagged as the EDSA

People‟s Power Revolution. After the widowed wife of former Senator Benigno "Ninoy"

Aquino, Sr. was elected into office, President Corazon Cojuangco-Aquino faced both

economic and political problems of the country. Her rule as president began on

February 25, 1986 after taking oath at the Club Filipino in San Juan, Metro Manila. She

was the 11th president of the Philippines and the first woman to become president of

the country. She was tasked to put together a nation devastated by the rule of her

predecessor Ferdinand E. Marcos. It was not an easy task since the country‟s economic

condition was in its worse state since 1982. Filipinos living below the poverty line is

alarmingly increasing in number. Aquino also struggled with Marcos‟ supporters in the

Armed Forces of the Philippines who attempted to remove her from power. The group of

soldiers, who called themselves members of the „Reform the Armed Forces Movement‟

or RAM, staged seven coup attempts against the Aquino administration. The attack held

in August 28, 1987, which killed at least 53 people and injured more than 200 others,

was the most serious attack the government experienced. These attacks worsened the

economic condition of the Philippines as investors became wary about Aquino‟s ability

to rebuild the country. The International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank and the

United States also forced the government to fulfill its obligations to pay an estimated

$27.2 billion worth of debt Aquino inherited from the previous administration. To be

eligible for IMF‟s rehabilitation programs, Aquino instigated reforms towards a freer
economy. These reforms ended monopolization of the agricultural industry of the

country, reduced tariffs and lifted import controls in the Philippines.

Former President Corazon Cojuangco-Aquino The political condition of the country

at that time did not look any better. To resolve the issue, Aquino commissioned a

referendum that would be the framework for the new government. It tackled various

issues from shifting the government from presidential to parliamentary, to economic

reforms involving foreign participations. Due to its immediate necessity, details of the

referendum were left to the legislature to determine. Released in February 1987, the

new charter easily won the approval of the public.

Fidel V. Ramos The rule that followed Aquino‟s presidency established

steadier governance of the Philippines. Fidel V. Ramos took office in 1992 and

immediately worked on the country‟s recovery. Ramos initiated the Social Reform

Agenda or SRA that was geared towards alleviating poverty. The Gross National

Product reached an average of 5 percent annually, which translated to a growth in the

average family income of the Filipinos. He undertook the implementation of Build-

Operate-Transfer (BOT) law which improved public infrastructure and deregulated

several industries to help liberalize the economy. The country also saw improvements in

its relations to secessionist Moro Islamic Liberation Front or MNLF as Ramos achieved

a peace agreement with the group. Ramos bagged the first UNESCO Peace Award yet

given to an Asian for this effort. He also came to be known as the „Centennial‟ President

for his successful supervision of the 100th anniversary of the country‟s independence
from the Spanish rule celebrated in June 12, 1998.

Former president Joseph Ejercito Estrada A film actor, Joseph Ejercito

Estrada, succeeded Ramos as president in 1998. He was the previous mayor in the

municipality of San Juan, Metro Manila and vice president of Ramos, Estrada was

placed into office by a wide margin of vote. He gained support in the election for his

promise to begin a pro-poor administration that his predecessors failed to promote in

their respective platforms. This support dwindled down as his administration was rattled

by corruption. Critics accused him of failing to live up to his promises due to the

resurfacing of cronyism in the government. Efforts made by Ramos to resolve political

conflicts in Mindanao were also threatened as Estrada launched an all-out war against

the Islamic group in Mindanao called the Moro Islamic Liberation Front in March 21,

2000. In the same year, Ilocos Sur Governor Luis “Chavit” Singson accused Estrada of

receiving Php 400 million from him as payoff from illegal gambling profits. The revelation

led to Estrada‟s impeachment in November 12, 2000 and his ouster from presidency in

January 20, 2001. Then Supreme Court Chief Justice Hilario Davide, Jr. swore-in vice-

president, Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo as president the same day.

IV. BIBLIOGRAPHY

 David D. Newsom
- Crisis in the Philippines: The Marcos Era and Beyond

 Marc E. Divondo
- The Presidents, Their Achievements, Their
Programs and Their Contributions.

 Pinky Rezote-Monie
- Growth and development of the Philippines Through the Years

V. CURRICULUM VITAE