Experiment No.

14

APPLICATIONS OF GIS USING QGIS

Aim: To identify and obtain spatial information of significant features in a given area.

Procedure:
Procedure can be classified into 2 main activities: 1. Geo-referencing the aerial Map
and 2. Marking Main features & viewing Attribute Table
Geo-referencing the Aerial Image
1. Open Google Earth software and zoom to the area of interest
2. Use the ‘Add Placemark’ option and point the placemark at all 4 corners of area. Note
Down the Latitude and Longitude of all the placemarkers.
3. Go to Edit and select ‘Copy Image’ option
4. Open paint software and paste the image. Save the image.
5. Now, open QGIS software and follow the procedure
6. Raster -> Georeferencer -> Georeferencer -> Open Raster -> Chose file saved in step 4 ->
WGS84 -> Select Add point -> Click exactly on one of corners Pacemarked -> In the
window appeared fill Latitude and Longitude (noted in step 2) -> Repeat Add point for all
four place marked corners -> Start Georeferencing -> Fill the Transformation Settings ->
OK
Marking Main features & viewing Attribute Table
Load Georeferenced Image Layer
1. Layer -> Add Layer -> Raster Layer -> Select the Georeferenced Image previously saved-
> Open
Add Point layer
2. Layer -> Create Layer -> New Shape file -> Point -> Add as many fields required -> OK -
> Specify saving location -> Save
3. Now in left Panel select newly created layer -> Toggle editing -> Add feature -> Click on
locations of interest in the image and enter the field data
Add Line layer
4. Layer -> Create Layer -> New Shape file -> Line -> Add as many fields required -> OK -
> Specify saving location -> Save
5. Now in left Panel select newly created layer -> Toggle editing -> Add feature -> Trace on
path of interest in the image and enter the field data
Add Polygon layer
6. Layer -> Create Layer -> New Shape file -> Polygon -> Add as many fields required ->
OK -> Specify saving location -> Save
7. Now in left Panel select newly created layer -> Toggle editing -> Add feature -> Trace on
boundary of interest (Building/Camnpus/Political boundary..etc) in the image and enter
the field data
View Attribute Table
8. In the Layer Panel Select a particular layer -> Right Click -> Open Attribute Table
9. To add Auto-generated fields like Latitude, Longitude,Length, Area..etc
Open Attribute Table Window -> Open Field Calculator -> Enter Output Field Name and
other details -> In the Expression tab area type the expression for desired output
Example: $y, $x, $length, $area ...etc -> OK
Imported Geo-referenced image

Sample Attribute Table