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iSud nkaOkhkag fldgqù isá ldka;djka i|yd úfYaIs; jrm%idohla
újr lr ÿka fial' tjlg uq,a nei ;snQ wka;.dó woyiaj,g msgqmdñka"
O¾uh jgyd .ekSfï yelshdj mqreIhkag yd iudk j ldka;djkag o
we;s neõ ikd: l< fial' NslaIqKS Ydikh ldka;djka i|yd nqÿka
jykafia úiska" wdrïN l< Ydiksl jHdma;shls' oi oyia jirla NslaIqKS
ye¢kaùu xvii
Ydikh id¾:l j jHdma; jqj o" hqo wr., iy ÿ¾NslaI fya;=fjka

fuu mrïmrdj wNdjhg .sfhah' wNdjhg .sh fuu NslaIqKS Ydikh
kej; mK .ekaùug wd.ñl l%ufõohla nqÿka jykafia y÷kajd § ke;'
f:rjdÈ nqÿ oyu we;s rgj, ldka;djka yg iiqka .; ùug we;s tl u
ud¾.h is,a ud;djka fia iiqka .; ù" wg is,a fyda oi is,a fyda /lSuhs'
;dhs,ka;fha idudkH iïm%odh ù we;af;a wg is,a rlsk is,a ud;djka h'
Tjqka ;dhs NdIdfjka y÷kajkqfha —uhs Ö˜ hkqfjks' NslaIQka jykafia,d
fiau" wgis,a ud;djla ûhs Ö& ysifla lmd fn!oaO .syshka iudoka jk
is,a moj,g fjkia jQ YslaId mo iudoka fõ' iiqka .; NslaIqjlf.a iy
idudkH .sysfhl=f.a Ôjk rgdjkaf.ka w;sYhska fjkia jQ ksYaÑ; iqÿ
isjqre fuu is,a ud;dfjda fmdrj;s' —uhs Ö˜ ud;dj wehg iqÿiq we÷u"
yeisÍu iy meje;au iïnkaOfhka ia:djr úkh moaO;shla wkq.ukh
lrkakS h' l=,S jevg hEu" bgq l< ld¾hhka i|yd uqo,a ,nd .ekSu"
NdKav ñ,g .ekSï úlsKSï wdÈh wehg ;ykï h' f.!rjkSh fmkqu"
iy úYsIag yeisÍu" ;=<ska fn!oaO ms<sfjf;a oelafjk iqpß;h .ek wka
whg ienE Wkkaÿjla we;s l<yels neõ isys ;nd .;hq;= njg wehg
Wmfoia § we;' fndfyda ûhs Ö& is,a ud;djka jdih lrkqfha NslI
a k
Q a úiska
md,kh lrkq ,nk wdY%uhkays h' is,a ud;dfjda ál fofkl= jQ l,ay"s
Tjqkg lsÜgq NslIa q wdrduhla iómfhys ia:dms; Wmdisldrduhl úiqy'
;dhs,ka;fha Ndjkd mqyqKqj fokq ,nk wdrKHhka tfuka u

uOHia:dkhka" ldka;djkag ksoyfia ;u Ndjkd lghq;= lrf.k hEug
ksoyi iy Wmfoia ,nd§" .sysf.hska wE;ajQ m%;smodjlg yev .iajñka
tu mqyqKqj ,nd fohs' tfia fyhska fndfyda ldka;dfjda tjka mqyqKq
wdrduhlg wkqnoaê; is,a ud;d wdY%uhkays fjfiñka ;u mqyqKq lghq;=
lrf.k hEug leue;a; m, lr;s' fuu l%uh" NslaIQka yd ii|k l<
is,a ud;djka fojeks uÜgulg my< oud we;s njla fmfka' kuq;a ;rula
ÿrg fyda fuu ;;aFjh fn!oaO is;sú,s fya;= fldgf.k ;=kS ù f.dia
we;' iudch ;=< l%shd;aul jk n,h iy ks,h" tlS iudch iduldó j
mj;ajd f.k hEu i|yd ieliqKq iudc iïu;hka h' kuq;a tu iudc
moaO;sfha" ldka;djg ysñjk ;ek" flfkl=f.a i;H jákdlu ms<sìUq
jkakla fkdfõ'
xviii is,aud;d ldhsõ ( uE; ld,fha my< jQ ry;a f;rKsh
f,dj fndfyda ixialD;Ska ;=< fuu ia;%s mqreI fNaoh ;Èka uq,a nei
.;a isoaOdka;hla ù we;' tu fNaoh foi wd.ñl jYfhka ne,Su idudkH
fohls' ia;%s mqreI ,sx. fNaoh wks;H jQ iajNdjhls' th we;s ù ke;s
ù hkafkls' fmr l¾uhlska ilia jQ fohls' th ffojfha m%fNaohls'
i;a;ajhl=f.a uQ,sl yrh kula ke;s rEmhla ke;s ixl,khla fyhska
tys ia;%s mqreI ,laIK ke;' fuh nqÿ oyfï uQ,sl kHdhls' wd;aóh
jYfhka wdfrdamKh flfrk lreKq nqÿ oyfï uQ,sl yr moaO;sfhka
neyer jQjls' woaú;Sh mqoa.,fhl= ilia lrjk ish,a, iEu fudfyd;l
u fjkia fjù wjidkfha is|S ì|S ke;s fõ' iEu mqoa.,fhl= u ;u
w;S; iajNdjfhka fjkia j" w¨;a iajNdjhlg fmrf,a' uu hhs ;Èka
w,a,d .kakd idOlhka ks;H nfjka f;dr j YS>%fhka fjkia fjù hhs'
YÍrfha we;s ishü rEm fldgia" isf;ys we;sjk is;sú,s yd fõokd"
lsisÿ jákdlulska f;drj laIh jk foaj,a h' tksid YÍrhg iy is;g
we,Su" ÿla fodïkia cks; ùfï m%Odk ksOdkhhs'
ndysr ,laIKhkaf.ka ñÿKq is;" ksjk lrd hEfï m%jK;djh

ÈhqKq lsÍug fyda wvd, lsÍug fyda ia;%s mqreI Ndjh" ks, ;, fyda
iudc ;;aFjhka n, fkdmdkq we;' wm bmfok uefrk ixidr pl%fhka
.e,ùug kï uu idïm%odhsl nkaOk lvd fjka l< hq;= fõ' fï wkqj
iEu ukqIHfhl= u tlu ;,hl ,d ie,lsh hq;= jkafka" laIh l< hq;=
zfudayhZ iEu ñksfil=f.a is;lu mj;sk fyhsks'
uki ;rï úYauhckl lsisjla fkdue;' b;d Wiia uÜgulska

mqyqKq l< is;lg l< yels foa wdYap¾hj;a h' uhs Ö ldhsõf.a uki
;shqKq n,j;a tlls' wehf.a Ndjkd uki ;=<ska wkd.; isysk o¾Yk
iy ufkda ix{d o¾Yk b;d myiqfjka Èia úh' tfuka u wehf.a ;shqKq
udkisl yelshdjka jfrl wehg ydkslr jQjd fuka u jfrl ÈhqKq Ñ;a;
n,fõ.hla o úh' fuu úfYaIs; yelshdjkag weh ;Èka ne|S isá fyhska
wjqreÿ .Kkdjla weh wkaO ù isg" ;u isf;a ksjerÈ YslaIKh we;s lr
.ekSug wmyiq j isáhd h' is; yslaujd .ekSu miq l,l § mqyqKq lr.;a
miq" tu úfYaIs; Ñ;a; Yla;Ska wdYap¾hj;a wruqKq lrd fhduq lrùug
yelshdj Wod lr .;a;d h'
ye¢kaùu xix
l¾udkql+, j fuu wd;aufha ,nd .;a Ñ;a; Yla;Ska" flfkl=f.ka

flfkl=g fndfyda fia fjkia fõ' uhs Ö ldhsõ jekafkda l%shdYS,S h"
ks¾NS; h' fjk;a wh myiqfjka ;u woyia fy,s fkdlrk w;r m%fõiï
iys; o fõ' fï fowdldrfhka u Ndjkdfõ § M, m%fhdack ,nd .; yels
h' Ñ;a; úY=oaêhla ,nd .ekSu fndfyda fofkl=g b;d ÿIalr jQ fiñka
.ukls' kuq;a ldhsõ is,a ud;djf.a is;" ksjka uf.ys b;d fõ.fhka
.uka lf<a h' wehf.a Ndjkd ksmqK;djh iy Ñ;a; Yla;sh ;rï ÈhqKq
;;aFjhl isá flfkl= fidhd .ekSu t;rï myiq lreKla fkdfõ'
tksid idudkH flfkl=g weh i;= jQ úúO wdYap¾hj;a ufkda ix{djka
,nd .ekSu w;sYhska ÿIalr ld¾hhla úh' tjka oE ,nd .ekSug ldhsõ
is,a ud;dj yeoErE l%ufõohka wka whf.a Ndjkd mqyqKqj i|yd iqÿiq
ud¾f.damfoaYhla fkd ùh'
flfia jqj o .eUqßka is;oa§" ldhsõ is,a ud;djf.a Ndjkd l%uh"

ueß ueÍ WmÈk ixialdr f.dv ke.Sfuka Tíng úysÿKq úuqla;s rih
fmkajk ud¾.hla nj fmfka' fuh yoj; m;=f,ka wjfndaO lrk l<"
isf;ys we;s uQ,sl m%fNao folla we;s nj fmfka' isf;ys —oek.ekSfï
Yla;sh˜ iy —is;sú,s is; ;=<u we;s ù ke;s ù hk iajNdjh˜ hs' fuu
m%fNaoh fkd okakd l, we;s ù ke;s ù hk ;;aFjh" —ienE is;˜ hhs
wms ms<s.ksuq' kuq;a i;H jYfhka u tys we;af;a" fudfyd;ska fudfyd;
fjkia fjñka" wks;H jQ ilia fjñka hk wks;H jQ O¾u;djhls' isf;ys
wLKav j mj;sk iajNdjh kï oek.ekSfï Yla;sh hs' wms yeu fohu
mg,jd f.dv .id f.k ta yeug u —is;˜ hkqfjka y÷kajuq' kuq;a isf;ys
we;sjk iajNdjhka ish,a, u tajd oek.ekSfï Yla;sh u; r|d mj;S' isf;ys
u;=jk ÿl iy i;=g hk O¾u;djhka" isf;ka neyer j mj;sk O¾u nj
jegfykqfha" is; ;=< l%shd;aul jk oek .ekSfï Yla;sfhks' isf;ys h:d
;;aFjh kï" ilia jk ish,a, lsisjlg fkd we,S —oek.ekSu jkq we;'˜
tksid wks;H jQ fidïki fodïki hk iajNdjhkag msg;ska is; msysgd
isà' fuh oelSug wmg yels kï" idïm%odhsl j wm i;Hh hhs ms<s.kakd
oE wmg w; yeÍug yels jkq we;' tu wjfndaOh we;s l,ays w;yeÍu"
úuqla;sh isf;ys wNsu;h mßÈ u isÿ jkakla nj jegfya'
xx is,aud;d ldhsõ ( uE; ld,fha my< jQ ry;a f;rKsh
ldhsõ is,a ud;dj ûhs Ö ldhsõ& .ïno ldka;djls' ;dhs,ka;fha

Bidk Èidfõ msysá" wE; msáir .ul b;d pdï Èú fmj;la f.jQ ia;%shls'
nqÿka jykafiaf.a ÿlska ksoyia ùfï wd¾h ud¾.h Tiafia hEu i|yd .sys
Ôú;fhka wE;a ùug fjfyi oroa§" weh w;sÿIalr jQ .eg¨j,g uqyqK
ÿkakd h' wehf.a wLKav W;aidyh" wm%;sy; ffO¾hh iy m%;sNd mQ¾K
{dkh ;=<ska tjlg ;snQ idïm%odhsl lvbï" wNsnjd hEug wehg yels
úh' weh Ôj;a jQ f,dalfha iïm%odhka wehj tla whqrlska isr lr ;enQ
w;r" wehf.a is; ;=<ska u mek keÕ=Kq ndOl ;j;a whqrlska weh isr lr
;enqjd h' fuu nkaOkj,ska .e,ù" ixidr neïfuka w;a ñ§ug wehg
yels úh'
Ndjkdfhda.S Èúhlg fhduq jQ fndfyda ldka;djkaf.a ksoyi iSud

flreKq n,mEï" Tjqka bjid ord isáhd fia u" weh o ta ish,a, bjiqjdh'
tfia bjiñka" wNsfhda. Ndr .ksñka" ishqï f,i ndOd u. yßñka
wdrKHh .; idïm%odhsl mámodjlg ksis jQ YslaIKhlska" Ndjkdjg
wj;S¾K jQjd h' úáka úg uqyqK ÿka wvq ÿq~qlï weh wef.a hym;g
fmr,d .;a;d h' ia;s% mqreI fNaoh .ek wiykldÍ j meñKs,s lrñka
fkdisg" ldhsõ Wmdisld ud;dj lemùfuka" laIKslj i;sh msygs j
q d .ekSug
is; ÈhqKq fldg" wef.a is; m;=,g u ls|d nei ;snQ wd;aóh iy iudc
ixialD;sl wkkH;djhka lmd úkdY lsÍug iu;a jQjd h' f,daflda;; a r
{dkdjfndaOh ,noa§" weh fuf;la l,a Ôj;a jQ lgql f,dalh ;=< ;snQ
mx;s fNao iy úúO fjkialï jdIam ù wka;¾Odk úh'
Ndjkdfjka ÈhqKq udkisl ;;ajhla ,nd .;a meúoaoka iudc

ixialD;sl fNaohka .ek lsisÿ ;elSula ke;' wgis,a rlsk" Wkkaÿfjka
Ndjkdjg keUqre jQ ldka;dfjda b;d ÈhqKq udkisl M, lrd t<fUk
njg lsisÿ ielhla fkdue;' we;a; jYfhka u lshf;d;a ldka;djkag
O¾uh wjfndaO lr .ekSug wmQ¾j yelshdjla we;' tu wjfndaOfhka
.eUqre iudêhlg jeà" w;súYsIag kqjKla yd m%{djla j¾Okh lr
.ekSug Tjqkg Yla;sh we;' ;dhs,ka;fha fndfyda is,a ud;djka iy
Wmdisldjka yg" NslaIQka wNsnjd ÈhqKq ;,hka lrd hEug yels ù we;'
fï ksid lïuÜGdkdpdÍka jykafia,d Tjqkf.a Ndjkd l=i,;djhka
ye¢kaùu xxi
mqreIhka yd iudk ;;ajfha we;s nj ms<s.ksñka" ldka;djkag Wiia

f,i i,l;s' ;dhs,ka;fha j¾;udk f.!rjkSh wdpd¾hhka jykafia,d
wd¾h ud¾.fhys Wiia u M, ,nd .ekSug ldka;djka olaI neõ ms<s.ks;s'
tfukau meúÈ ldka;dfjda úYsIag .=rejßhka njg o fndfyda wjia:dj,
ks¾foaY lr;s' fndfyduhla wdrKH.; lïuÜGdkdpdÍka jykafia,d
yg YsIH is,a ud;djka iy YsIH Wmdisldjka isák w;r" Tjqka úfYaIs;
jQ úIhhka .ek .=reyrelï §ug fhdod f.k we;' fuu ldka;dfjda ta ta
wd.ñl lghq;=j, b;d Wkkaÿfjka fhfo;s' iuyre Ndjkd lrkakshka
f,i o" iuyre f,v iqj lrkakshka f,i o" ;j;a iuyrla .=rejßhka
f,io lghq;= lrñka ck;djf.a f.!rjdorhg m;aj we;' ldhsõ is,a
ud;dj tjka ldka;djls' wE fuka wksla is,a ud;djka o" wkd.; mrmqr
Wkkaÿ lrjñka" ia;%s mqreI fomd¾Yjhg u" m%;sM, ,nd .ekSug nqÿu.
újr lr Wreu lr fo;s'
uhs Ö ldhsõf.a pß;dmodkh fufia f.dkqfldg we;af;a ,nd .;

yels o;a; tl;= l< b;sydi pß; l;djla fuks' ug fidhd.; yels
jQ wdrxÑ" wE Ôj;a jQ ld,h iy iudc ;,h wkqj ilia flf<ñ' wE
úiska u mejiQ joka iy wef.a iuld,Skhka mejiQ joka" tfuka u
isoaëka fuhg we;=<;a lr we;' ud mjik fuu l;dj ;dhs NdIdfjka
,shQ fkdfhla uQ,dY%hkaf.ka f.dkq lr .;af;ls' wef.a Ndjkd mámodj
iïnkaê; b;d jeo.;a l;d ;u jdÑl yd ,sÅ; foaYk u.ska fy<sorõ
l<" w;smQcH uyd fndajd f;reka jykafiag uu Kh .e;s fjñ' Wka
jykafia wef.a f,daflda;a;r {dkh iy m%{dj .ek l< úia;r" ldhsõ
is,a ud;dj ksjka wjfndaOh i|yd mshjfrka mshjr .;a m%.;sh úia;r
lsÍu i|yd uu fuys§ fhdod .;sñ' weh w;smQcH uyd fndajd ysñf.a
l=i,;d mQ¾K YsIHdjkaf.ka flfkls' Wka jykafia wehf.a wdOHd;añl
ÈhqKqj .ek lsisÿ ielhla wm ;=< we;s fkd lf<a h'
mQcH bka;jdhs ysñfhda fuu fmd; ,sùfuys ,d ug uy;a jQ ffO¾hhla

jQy' ldhsõ is,a ud;dj <ore l, isg u iómj weiqre l< fyhska" w;S;
pdß;% jdß;%d§ miqìï úia;r f.dkq lr .ekSfï § jákd W,am;la úh'
uhs Ö ldhsõf.a oekg Ôj;a jk ióm {d;Ska" wef.a fm!oa.,sl Ôú;fha
xxii is,aud;d ldhsõ ( uE; ld,fha my< jQ ry;a f;rKsh
wNHka;r úia;r;a" f,!lsl Ôú;fhka wE;a j .; l< uq,a wjêh .ek;a

lreKq ud fj; ,nd ÿKs' ffjoH fmkaY%s ulrfkdka wehf.a uy¨ ld,h
;=<" uy;a jQ fjfyila f.k weh /l n,d .ksñka" id;a;= l<d h' weh"
is,a ud;djf.a wjidk ld,fha úúO <.kakd iq¿ úia;r mejiQ w;r is,a
ud;dj ;u ffjoH fiaúldjkag fm!oa.,sl j mejiQ wdYap¾hj;a l;d o
ud yg oek .; yels úh'
fuu úia;r ish,a, u wehf.a Ôú; l;dj kue;s i¿j f.;Sug

uu f.dkq lr .;af;ñ' tkuqÿ lg jpkska yd ,sÅ; j ud fj; ,nd
ÿka iuyrla úia;r tlg tl fkd .e,mSula yd iïnkaO;djfhka f;dr
njla ÿgqfjñ' tlu l;djg úúO w¾:l;k ÿka wjia:d fndfyda úh'
iuyr ;ekl wjYH u lreK tys fkd ù h' tjka wjia:djkays §
uu wehf.a w;súfYaIs; jQ widudkH Ñ;a; m%;srEmh;a wehf.a úYsIag
olaI;d;a tlalr .ksñka f.d;k i¿jg udf.a mßl,amkh ;=<ska" lgq
igyka tl;= flf<ñ' fuh Ydia;%Sh .%ka:hl iajrEmhla fkdjk w;r
fn!oaO m%;smodfjys fhfokakka Wkkaÿ lrùu i|yd jeäh;a u Ôú;
jD;dka;hla fia ilia lsÍu uf.a wruqK úh' tu wjYH;djh is;ays
ordf.k" mQ¾K úuqla;sh idlaId;a lsÍu i|yd isf;ys .eUqfrys ishqï
O¾u;djka fufkys lrñka nqÿ uf.ys hEug flfrk wdrdOkdjla fia
fuu fmd; n,kq we;ehs uu úYajdi lrñ'
NslaLq iS,r;fkd
j;a md id,d fkdhs wdrKHh
;dhs,ka;h
1
wdYs¾jdoh
2 is,aud;d ldhsõ ( uE; ld,fha my< jQ ry;a f;rKsh
3
wms fuf,djg ìysù f.ú f.ù hk

Èk udi wjqreÿj,g wef,ñka
tajdg jeo.;alula wdfoaY lruq'
wmf.a;a wka whf.a;a Ôú;hkays
jeo.;alu .ek wms úYajdi lruq'
fï fya;=j ksid wmf.a is;a
ksrka;rfhka ta ÿla fõokd .ek ie,ls,a,la olajhs'
pkaø mdIdK uq;=
kujk Y; j¾Ih uq, § ;dhs cd;slhka ol=Kq Ökfha isg" áflka

ál ixl%uKh fjoaoS" fudaiï iq<Õ iuÕ c,Odrdjka >k jkdka;r
;=<g fuka u" idrj;a ;eks;,djkag ldkaÿ ù" wyfia j¾Kh iu. uqiq
ù fmd<fõ N+ úIu;d ,laIK iqkaor o¾Yk njg m;a lrùh' fuu
wdl¾IKSh o¾Yk iuÕ t;S f.;S w;S;fha —ishu˜ kñka ye|skajQ
foaYfha" l÷ w;r yd ñáhdj;ays" ol=Kq Ökfha isg ixl%uKh jQ idudkH
ckhd" f.da;% jYfhka fn§ ;ekska ;ek úisÍ mÈxÑ jQfjdah' fuu f.da;%
fndfyduhla w;ßka —mQ ;dhs˜ fldgi iajdëk ù olaI f.dùka fuka u
olaI ovhlaldrfhda o jQy' r;= .x.dfõ bjqre winv Ôj;a jQ" ðfhdais
kï jQ mßmQ¾K Ök ck j¾.fhka mejf;k fudjqyq" l,ska l, we;s
jQ foaYmd,k fya;+ka ksid" wi,ajdiS ol=Kq ,dfjda rdcOdkSka w;ßka"
mrïmrdfjka mrïmrdj" ófldx .Õ olajd ;,a¨ fjù wjq;a mÈxÑ jQy'
Tjqyq Y;j¾I .Kkdjla rg wNHka;r j mÈxÑj isg miqj .x.dfõ
biau;af;ys" ngysr foig úysÿKq idrj;a fmfoiays úisr mÈxÑ jQy'
ishjia .Kkdjla fudjqyq ÿ¾NslaIhkag c, .e,Sïj,g" iajNdúl

jHikhkag fuka u" fYdapkSh cd;sjdoS wr.,hkag o ueÈ jQy' miq ld,hl
fuu olaI mQ ;dhs cd;slfhda foaYmd,kSh jYfhka tlg ne÷Kq ck

fldgila jYfhka" mdrïmßl j igkaldó j isá kdhlhka yd md,lhka
hgf;a Ôj;a jQy' uqlaoyka rdcOdksh tkñka ye|skajQfha .x.d bjqre
winäka fidhd .;a —pkaø mdIdK uq;=˜ yuqùfuka miqj h' fudjqkf.a
ck Ôú;fha flakaøia:dkh fuh úh'
merKs ishfuys uqlaoyka m%dka;fha ldï pd B Èia;%slalfha Ôj;a jQ"

mQ ;dhs f.dú mrïmrdjg wh;a l=vd ck fldgila —ndka yqwdhs idhs˜
kñka ye|skajqKs' fuu l=vd .u msysáfha wE;g Èj .sh ó fldx .x.dfõ
wE; ;eks;,djkag ol=K;ska msysá" mQ mdka l÷ jeáfha mduq, Wia jQ
ukyr N+ñ fmfoil h' fuu .ïudkh yqwdhs nEx idhs iy yqwdhs nEx
b .x.d w;r jQ Wia N+ñhl msysá >k jkdka;rfha msysáfha h' jdih
lsÍu i|yd ljdldrj ilid .;a N+ñ fldgil ,S lKq u; f.dv ke.+
,E,s f.j,a iuQyhlska fuu ckdjdih iukaú; úh' fuu .ïjdiSyq
pdß;% jdß;% .ek jeä jegySula ke;s" oeä pß; we;s tfy;a lmá fkdjQ
ir, Èúfmj;la f.k .sh we;af;da h' Tjqkf.a Ôúldj jQfha f.dú;ek
yd ovhuhs' jkdka;rfha iSudjkays t<s fmfy<s lr.;a idrj;a ìï
fldgiays fudjqka ù f.dú;eka lf<da h' l=Uqre msysá iSudjkaf.ka Tíng
kej; jkdka;rh wE;g úysÿKs' fuu jkdka;rh fldákaf.ka iy j,a
w,skaf.ka .yk jQjls' tfiau woaN+; jQ wk;=reodhl ;eka o ìh okjk
ia:dk o" fuu jkfhys .ykj we;s fyhska" .ïjdiS ish,af,dau tluq;=
j tla fldgilg muKla iSud ù wdrlaIdj i|yd iduQysl j Ôj;a ùug
fm<UqfKda h'
ó fldx .x.dj Tiafia Èj .sh w;súYd, ireidr N+ñ m%foaYhl msysá

uqlaoyka" fjku rdcOdkshla f,i l%shd;aul úh' miqj ishfï plaß rc
fm<m;g mlaImd; j iajdëk m%dka; rdcHhla jYfhka ia:dms; úh'
mqrdjD;a;shkag wkqj ndka yqwdhs idhs .ïudkh miq l,lÈ rc fm<mf;a
fidfydhqßhka ;sfofkl=f.a jdi N+ñh úh' - ldhsõ l=ußh" la¨ï l=ußh"
iy ld ;dhs l=ußh - fuu .ïudkh mQ ;dhs ldka;djkaf.a fmdÿ pß;
,laIKhkays fkd ueflk igyka ;nd we;' fï l=ußhka ;sfokdf.a
fm!oa.,sl pß; ,laIK" nqoaêu;a" wm%;sy; ffO¾hfhka hq;a idOdrK j
is;k m;k mrmqrla f.dv ke.Sug bjy,a úh' ;u Wreuh .ek wdvïnr
wdYS¾jdoh ( pkaø mdIdK uq;= 5
jqj o" iajdëk j odhdo lr.;a ffO¾hjka;lñka hq;a" mQ ;dhs cd;slhka

;u isß;a úß;a" NdIdj iy iïm%odhhka yd tlg ne÷Kq úfYaIs; ck
fldgila ù h' fuu Wreuhka mrïmrdfjka mrïmrdjg mQckSh j.lSula
f,i ixl%uKh úh'
19 jk Y; j¾Ih w." ishfï ndka yqwdhs idhs .ïudkfha

ufyaia;%d;ajrhd jQfha ;fidaka ishd;a.a¨ï h' Tyqf.a n,;, Tyq m;a
l< Èia;%slalfha wêm;s jQ c´ ñhqx úiska mejrE n,;, h' Tyqf.a n,
m%foaYh ;=< we;sjk wdrjq,aj,g ueÈy;a ùfuka úi£u" ikaiqka nj
/lSu" tfuka u mQ ;dhs cd;slhkaf.a iycfhka u mj;sk hq;= whq;=lï
.ek oekSu Wmfhda.s fldgf.k wi,ajdiSkaf.a iduh iu.sh we;s lsÍu
Tyq i;= j.lSï úh'
ufyia;%d;a ;fidka idudkH nqoaêhla we;s ck;djg fiajh lsÍug

ks¾foaYs; hqla;s.rel ñksfils' f.da;%h ;=< iduh mj;ajdf.k hEfuka
mq ;dhs f.da;%fha wkkH;djh /lSu i|yd Tyqf.a ld¾hNdrh tuÕska
bgqlf<ah' Tyqf.a ìß|" fvdka Ydka; .;s mej;=ï we;s lreKdjka;
ldka;djls' weh o ufyia;%d;a ks,kduh biq¨j o lSug ;rï rdcldßhla
wE i;=j fkd ;snqKs' tkuq;a weh orejka mia fofkl=f.a nr biq¨jd
h' wehg isáfha jeäuy,a msßñ orejka ;sfofkl= iy <Õ <Õ ,enqKq
.eyekq orejka fofofkls' nd, u oeßh bmÿfKa 1901 jif¾ fkdjeïn¾
ui 8 jeks Èk w¨hu h' wehf.a uj wehg z;mdhsZ hkqfjka kï ;enqjdh'
tys f;areu" zweig wdl¾IKh jkZ hkakhs'
<ore l, isg u" jpkska m%ldY lsÍug neß ;rï mqÿudldr oekqï
iïNdrhla ;mdhs ;=< Woa§mkh úh' wehg l:d lsÍug yelsj;a u wef.a
ujg uquqK uquqKd" rd;%s ld,fha wdf,dalu;a jl%dldr úudk ;=<ska
wdYap¾hu;a ia:dkj,g .sh isoaëka ryfia mejiqjd h' tu ia:dk .ek
wehg jpkska úia;r lsÍug wmyiq jqj o bÕsfhka úia;r lsÍug wE
fjfyi oerejd h' jir .Kkdjlg miq wE fn!oaO is,a ud;djla jQjdg
miq fojÕkka iu. wE yeÿKq jevqKq ieá;a" Tjqka yd ñ;%j isá whqre;a
fkd mels, j mejiqjd h' foõf,dj wef.a ñ;=ßhkaf.a m%Ndiajrh oel
.; yels jQfha wehg muKs' tu fojÕkka wiSñ; jdr .Kkla wef.a
iyldßhka j isá neõ o weh mejiqjdh' j¾;udk ldhsl iajrEmh

wehf.a wdOHd;añl Yla;sh úkdY lrkq we;ehs Tjqyq ìh jQy' wehf.a
tu wOHd;añl Yla;sh fuu mDÓú ;,hg we,S isàu je<elaùu i|yd
h' wef.a rEmldfhka .e,ù" ÈjHf,dalj, Tjqka iu. ieß ieÍug tu
foaj;dfjda weh j fm<Uqfjda h'
;mdhsf.a uj iy mshd b;d Nla;su;a fn!oaOfhda jQy' Tjqka nqÿ

uf.ys Wiia M, ,nd.;a keUqrejla úoHudk jk nj wka whg fmkqKs'
WodyrKhla jYfhka tjlg mQ ;dhs ixialD;sfha b;d m%lg j ;snQ N+;
jkaokdjkaf.ka wE;a úh' tajdg wf.!rjhla fkd jk fia ;u wOHd;añl
lghq;=j, ksr; jQy' fuu mjq, Ôj;a jQfha .fï mkai, msámi h'
mkai, jgd bÈ l< WK .ia fudjqkf.a bvug hdno j msysgd ;snqKs' tajd
fldf;la ióm j msysgd ;snqKd o lsjfyd;a .%SIau ld,fha mkai,a jeg
woaor ;snQ úYd, wU .fia bÿKq f.ä ;mdhsf.a f.ñÿ,g jegqKs' fuu
jgmsgdj iuÕ mkaif,a Wfoa iji flfrk is;a ikik jkaokdjkag
ijka foñka wdrdufha ffoksl wd.ñl rgdjg yqre mqreÿ fjñka" ;mdhs
jhiska uqyql=rd jevqKs' ;ju;a oeßhl f,i isáh o NslaIQkaf.a .d:d
iajrh ;u yoj; ;=< iamkaokh jk ;=re tu y~ flfrys ;u is;
msysgqjd tlÕ lr .ekSug weh mqreÿ jQjd h' wjqreoao ;=< mkaif,a ta ta
Èkhkays meje;afjk fn!oaO W;aijhkays we;s m%fndaOh" weh w;sYhska
l=,au;a l<dh' wef.a ksji msgqmi mkai,a N+ñfha tjeks Èkj, mej;s
ieKfl<s i|yd uq¿ .u u tla /ia úh'
;u mshd NslaIQka jykafia,dg oela jQ w;suy;a jQ f.!rjh ;mdhs

úuis,af,ka n,d isáhd h' tu f.!rjh rcfha Wiia ks, orejkg oelajQ
ìhuqiq f.!rjhla fkd ù h' th iajNdjfhka u újD; yÈka fmka jQ
Y%oaOdjka; Nla;s m%Kduhls' ;mdhs iy wef.a wïud Èkm;d u msKavmd;
jäk iajdóka jykafia,dg flfi,a fld<j, T;d lsßn;a iy jHxck
md;a;rj,g ms<s.kaj;s' wehf.a mshd NslaIQka jykafia,d .ïudkfha
iSudj miqlrk f;la miq .uka hkafka h' ;fidka fndfyda úg NslaIQka
jykafia,d msKavmd;h ,nd .kakd ;=re wE;g ù n,d isàu mqreoaola
fldg isáfha h' Tyq iuyr Èkl iajdóka jykafia,df.a wdydrj,ska
msreKq md;a;r mkai, olajd /f.k f.dia Ndr § wdmiq tkafkah' ;fidka
i;r fmdahg fkdjrojd u is,a iudoka jk flfkls' tu Èkhkays Tyq
uq¿ ojiu mkaif,ys b;d i;=áka .; lrhs' NslaIQka jykafia,df.a iq¿
iq¿ jev lr §fuka iy Wkajykafia,d iuÕ l;d ny lsÍfuka Tyq uy;a
i;=gla úkafoa h' <dnd, <oeßhla j isáh § ;mdhsf.a Ôjk Yla;sh"
f,!lsl f,dalh;a f,daflda;a;r f,dalh;a w;r ksoyfia .uka lrkakg
úh' kuq;a wehg wjqreÿ 5la .; fjoa§" tu f,dal fol u wE bÈßfha lvd
jegqKs' lsisÿ is;sú,a,la fyda wk;=re yeÕùula fyda fkdue;sj fkdis;+
wjia:djl wef.a uj wikSmj ñh .shd h' wehf.a isf;ys we;sjQ lïmkh
iy jHdl+,;ajh ksid wE úYajdi l< ish,a, u lvd jeà iS iS lv úisÍ
.sfha h'
wju.=,a W;aijh pdï j mej;=Ks' tÈk ;mdhs" fkdie,ls,su;a

fia wjqrd ;snQ ,S fldg iy o~q u; ;ekam;a lr ;snQ iqÿfrÈ fmdgj,a
lSmhlska t;+ wef.a wïudf.a YS;, j >k jQ YÍrh foi Nfhka ìrdka;
j n,d isáhd h' .sks oe,a úys§ ñksh T;d ;snQ frÈ ms<siaiS ñksfha yu
o oeù Èh mÜg k.sñka wuq wuqfõ uia udxY fmaYSka msÉÑ msÉÖ lr .|
.ioa§" wE fõokdfjka ysi fjk;lg yrjd .;a;d h' wjidkfha ishü
.sks oe,a ksù l¨mdg j ÿ¾j¾K jQ weg leì,s iy w¿ muKla b;sß jqj
o" wehg ta foi n,kakg is; bv fkdÿkafka h'
wïudf.a wNdjh;a iuÕ ;mdhs nd, úfha § u —fjkiaùu˜ —wysñùu˜

Ôú;fha tla fldgila nj;a" —fYdalh˜ iy —urKh˜ Ôú;fha fjka l<
fkd yels wjia:d nj;a jgyd .;a;d h' áflka ál wef.a mjqf,a whf.a
msysfgka úfYaIfhka ;u fidfydhqrka jk mvka iy m bkaf.a msysfgka
wehf.a ÿl ;=kS lr .ekSug yels úh' ;shqKq oEila iy oeä wêIaGdk
Yla;shla we;s ;u keÕKshg Tjqyq fnfyúka wdorh l<y' wïudf.a
wNdjfhka Tjqka o fYdalfhka isáh uq;a" ke.Ksh i;=áka ;nd wehf.a
ÿl ;=kS lsÍug Tjqyq fjfyi oerefjda h' wjidkfha ;u mshd yd ne|s
.eUqre msh fikyi wehf.a ÿla fodïki ÿre lsÍug iu;a úh'
;u ìß|f.a wNdjfhka miq ;fidka iEu i;r fmdah Èkl § u ;u

ÈhKsh ;mdhs" mkai,g f.k hEug mqreÿ j isáfha h' mkai,a N+ñfha weh
mshd iuÕ fndfyda fõ,djla wjg n,ñka wjg Yío wiñka tfuka u
oj,a isysk ujñka" kslrefKa jdä ù isáhd h' tfia jdäù isàu ÿla ;=kS
lr .ekSug msysglehs Tjqkg is;=Ks' ;mdhs mkaif,a jgmsgdj m%sh l<d
h' bv ,;a iEu fõ,djl § u mkaif,a wU .i hgg fydfrka fydfrka
f.dia jdä ù lsisjla fkd lr ksi, nfõ wdiajdoh ri úkaod h'
nqÿka jykafiaf.a Wm; nqoaO;ajh yd mßks¾jdKh isys lrk fjila

fmdfydaÈk W;aij yd mQcdjkag iyNd.s ùug ;mdhs w;sYfhka m%sh
l<dh' ndka yqwdhs idhs .ïudkh fjila udih ;=< w;sYhska wisßu;a
njla bis,Sh' jd¾Isl jeis ld,h wdrïN fj;a u iEu ;ekl u u,a msmS
j¾Kj;a úh' W;aij iufha mQcd lsÍu i|yd fndfyda fokdf.a oE;a ks;ru
mdfya iqj| u,aj,ska msÍ ;snqKs' È,sfik nqÿ rej wìhi ;Ügq lSmhlska
hq;a u,a wdikh u; kd kd j¾Kj,ska hq;a iqj|e;s u,a rdYshla w;=rd
;sfnkq oelsh yel' ijia ld,fha § ix>hd jykafia iy .sys Wmdil
Wmdisldfjda oe,afjk bámkaoï w;e;s j nqÿf.h jgd fm< .eiqKy' bka
miqj ix> r;akh uQ,sl j ish,af,da u tl;=j nqoaO jkaokd Oïu jkaokd
.d:d iÊCOdhkd lf<da h' fuu jkaokd ffY,sh w;sYfhka uk n|sk
ish,af,da u m%fndaOj;a lrjk mQcdjka h' tÈfkod Ôj;a jk ;;ajfhka
fï wh wdOHd;añl jYfhka Tijd ;eîula fuu jkaokdjkaf.ka isÿjk
nj ish,af,da u ms<s.;ay'
mshdf.a;a ÈhKshf.a;a wdOHd;añl <ne|shdj áflka ál j¾Okh

fjoa§" ;mdhs uq, § wlue;af;ka jqj o ál l,lg miqj weh w;a
ú|sk woaN+;ckl wmQ¾j ndysr f,dalh .ek úia;r ;u mshdg mejiqjd
h' ;fidka tu l;djkag úu;sfhka iy bjiSfuka ijka ÿkafka h'
fl<sf,d,a foújrekaf.a l;d" isysk f,dalfha ks¾NS; l;d" tuka u
ufkdauh pdßld .ek úia;r ÈhKsh lshoa§ bjid ordf.k wid isáh o
tajd flfrys jeä úYajdihla Tyq fkd ;eî h'
wehg jhi wjqreÿ 7 § ;mdhs wehf.a fmr Njhkays" ñksia wd;au

iy fkdñksia wd;au .ek úúO u;l igyka w;a ú£ug mgka .;a;d
h' uy;a jQ Wkkaÿjlska ;ud jfrl lsls<shl j" ffjoHjrfhl= j"
l=udßldjl j tfuka u idudkH ñksfil= j miq.sh wd;auhka ;=< Ôj;a
jQ whqre wysxil j ;u mshdg okajd isáhd h' ;mdhsf.a mshd wehf.a Èjeia
yelshdj .ek lsisfia;a i;=gq fkdjQfha h' Bg we;s ;on, wlue;a; Tyq
wehg lSfõ h' Tyqf.a lkiai,a, w;sYhska jeä úh' fuh ;u is;g jo
ÿka m%n, fya;=jla jQ ksid Tyqf.a uqyqfKa meyeh mjd fjkia úh' lgy~
;¾ck iajrEmhlg fmr¿Ks' fuu Èjeia o¾Yk .ek lsisjl=g fkd
lshk f,i Tyq ;u ÈhKshg uq,ska lreKdfjka lSj o" miqj oeäf,i
wjjdo ÿkafka h' ñksiaiq weh Wkau;a;l fl,a,la yeáhg ye|skaúh
yels hhs lshd" wehg wk;=re yeÕù h' fuu l=vd ck iudch ;=<
ye§ jefvk wehg fuh fkd uelsh yels le<,la fia Ôú;hg n,mdkq
we;ehs oekaù h' idïm%odhsl jYfhka ldka;djlf.ka mjq,g úh hq;=
hq;=lï ;u mjq, fjkqfjka bgq lsÍug weh i;=áka iQodkï jQjd h'
wehf.a jeäuy,a fidfydhqßh iuÕ .Dy md,k lghq;= fnod .;a;d h'
ifydaoßhka fofokdf.ka jvd Yla;su;a jQfha o jevm<j,g leue;a;
oelajQfha o ;mdhs h' ;u uõ b;d m%ikak f,i bgq l< f.or fodf¾
wiSñ; jevm," weh i;=áka Ndr f.k fmr fia u bgq l<d h' f.or
lõre fyda mdkaoßka ke.sg ,sm .sks fud<jd tÈk n; msiSu l< hq;= j
;snqKs' lõre fyda wdydr mss<sfh, l< miqj Ndck fidaod mfilska ;eîu
o wjYH j ;snQ jevls' w;= .Eu" msÕka fldamam fidaod msßisÿ lsÍu" frÈ
fia§u wd§ ld¾hhkag wu;r j mq¿ka leàu" frÈ úùu" breKq we÷ï
w¨;a jeähd lsÍu o wehf.a ffoksl ld¾hhkag wksjd¾hfhka tl;= úh'
fldiq w;ska iE¥ tajd h' tfuka u kd kd udÈ,sfha u¨ o ldka;dj w;ska
ieliqKs' n;a /f.k hdug ng m;=rej,ska ;ekQ l=vd Ndck o" y;= yd
m,d j¾. tl;= lsÍu i|yd fõje,aj,ska iE¥ ;eá o Tjqka i;=j ;snqKs'
l=vd l, isg u ;mdhs" fujka wfkal udÈ,sfha ld¾hhka bgqlsÍug

wêIaGdkfhka hq;=j ;u YÍrh ilia lr .;a;S h' f.or fodf¾ tla
tla ffoksl ld¾hhka i|yd fuka u tla tla .Dy l¾udka; i|yd
úfYaIs; olaI;djhka ;sìh hq;= fyhska" tu yelshdjka ,nk ;=re meh
.Kkdjla tu ld¾hhkays ksr; ùug wehg isÿ úh' tu ld¾hhkays fkd
fhfok fõ,djkays weh l=Uqre jefvys fyda hdno le,h wdY%s; fjk;a
jevl ksr; jQjd h' tu jev lsÍug mjd wjYH l=i,;d weh ÈhqKq lr
.;a;d h' wef.a uj Ôj;a j isáh §" wjg l÷ w;rg úfkdao .uka f.dia
T!IO me<Eá iy le,E m,d j¾. tl;= l<d h' tfia ke;fyd;a l=vd
fmdl=Kqj, uiqka we,a¨jd h' weh wef.a kekao,d iy {d;s fidfydhqre
fidfydhqßhka iuÕ wdydrhg iqÿiq y;= iy úI iys; y;= y÷kd .ksñka
o meKsri T!IO me<Eá iy ;s;a; T!IO me<Eá .ek bf.k .ksñka
o wjg le,Efõ ießierejd h' me< isgqùu" wiajekak fk<Su tfia;a
ke;skï wdydr j¾. tl;= lsÍu Èkm;d flreKq fmdÿ ld¾hhka h'
mQ ;dhs ckhdf.a m%Odk wdydrh jQfha wef,kiq¨ yd,lska msiQ

n;a h' fuu n;a wkqNj lsÍfuka Tjqkf.a Ôjk rgdj jvd;a Yla;su;a
úh' jeiai n,dfmdfrd;a;=fjka f.dúfhda l=vd ,shÈ ilid tys ù ;jka
lf<da h' tu ld,fha § u Tjqkf.a ó yrla fhdojd fmdf<dj ilia
lsÍu lr .;ay' jeis ld,h wdrïN ù wjYH ;rï fmdf<dj f;;a jQjdg
miq kej;;a ó yrl=ka fhdojd ,shÈ uv lr fmdare .id f.dhï me<
isgqùug fmdf<dj ilid .kS' bkamiq f.ú,sfhda lKavdhï f,i fma<s
ie§ mshjfrka mshjr msgqmig hñka f.dhï me< ufvys wksñka isgqj;s'
ù f.dú;ek" Y%uh fndfyda fia jeh jk j.djls' kuq;a ù f.dú;ek

.ïjeisfhda iduQysl j tlg ne| ;nkakls' ;mdhsf.a wïudf.a wNdjfhka
miq wef.a mjq,g {d;s jQ yeu mjq,l u ldka;dfjda wef.a mshdf.a l=Uqf¾
me< isgqùug tl;= jQfjda h' ;ju;a tjeks ld¾hhka i|yd fkd fïrE
weh w÷re wyia;,h hg kshr u; ys| jeäysá ia;%Ska f.dhï me< isgqjkq
n,d isáhd h' Tjqka yd tlg fma<s ie§ ;ud o f.dhï isgqjk oji
.ek isyslrñka" weh tfoi n,d isáhd h' wïudf.a urKfhka wjqreÿ
lSmhla .; jQ miq ;mdhsf.a mshd kej; újdyhla lr .;af;a h' Tyqf.a
w¨;a ukd,sh jQfha" uE;l ;u iajdñhd" jix.; frda.hlska ñh .sh
jekaoUqjls' jßka jr me;sfrk fuu jix.; frda." lgql Ôú; .; lrk
fuu .ïjdiSkaf.a Ôú; ;j;a ÿIalr lrkakla úh' ;mdhs wef.a l=vïud
m%sh l<d h' fï fofokd Tjqfkdjqkaf.a ióm weiqr m%sh l<y' l=vïudf.a
;reK ÈhKsh ;mdhsg .e<fmk ñ;=ßhla jQjd h' kj wdrïNhlg ;ud
uq, msrejd fia wehg yeÕ=Ks' ta .ek weh i;=gq jQjd h' Ôú;fha fuf;la
uqyqK ÿka iEu wjia:djla u weh iskd uqiq uqyqKska Ndr .;a;d h' ndysr
lghq;= i|yd wE oelajQ m%ikak wdl,amh .eñ Ôú;fha lgql ;eka ;=kS
lr§ug WmldÍ úh'
l=vïud ìys l< ì<s÷ fidfydhqrd" fuf,dj t<sh oel ál Èklska

ñh .sfha h' hula wysñ ùfï ÿl fõokdj" ;mdhs yg kej;;a oekqKs'
wks;HNdjh ;=< i;H jYfhka u mj;sk wiykh weh kej;;a w;a
ÿgqjd h' ks;r fjkia jk wysñ jk wef.a f,dalh .ek wjYH oekSu
ffofjdam.; j ,efnk nj wehg jegyqKs' Èfkka Èk" l,ska l, wef.a
f,dalh jfrl leã ì|S f.dia kej; ilia jk whqre weh w;aÿgqjd h'
fjkia jk iajNdjh Ôú;fha wLKav j isÿjk O¾u;djhls' fjkaùu
Ôú;fha idudkH fohls'
mQ ;dhs .fï jeisfhda ÿIalr Ôú; .; l< we;af;da h' ksula ke;s
jevm< ldka;djka i;= úh' wdydr msiSu" fia§u" ueySu" f.;Su" jemsÍu"
wiajekak fk<Su wd§ ld¾hhka jifrka jir lsisÿ fjkila fkdue;sj
.eñ ldka;djf.a oE;ska bgq úh' fujka ld¾hhkays ksr; fjñka ;mdhs
o" ;u l=vïud iu. b;d iu.sfhka ld,h .; l<d h' nr jev fofokd
w;r fnod yod .ksñka o úgl Wiq¿ úiq¿ lr .ksñka o i;=áka l, oji
f.jQy' ;mdhs Ôj;a jQ m%foaYfha mdie,la fkd ;snQ fyhska wehg úêu;a
wOHdmkhla ,nd .ekSug fkdyels úh' kuq;a fjk;a iajrEmhlska wehf.a
nqoaêh j¾Okh úh' wef.a ksji" l=Uqre hdh iy >k jkdka;rh wef.a
mdie,a úh' fuu wdh;kj,ska wehf.a Ôú;hg l,amj;sk úfYaIs; .eUqre
mdvï ,nd .ekSug yels úh' wdorh ms<sn| mdvï" w;ayeÍu" wiaÓrnj"
bjiSu n,dfmdfrd;a;= lvùu iy wêIaGdk Yla;s wd§ úIhhkaf.ka
,eìh yels mdvï fuka u ÿla ú£u iy ueoy;a j isàu wd§ mdvï o tu
jákd úIhhka w;r úh' fuu wOHdmkh iuÕ wef.a <ud ld,fha oekSu
jifrka jir j¾Okh úh'
Tn Tn u y÷kd.kak'
Tfí jerÈ ms<sf.k"
tajd ksjerÈ lr.ekSug lghq;= lrkak'
Tn" lsisjla Tfnka iÕjkak tmd'
ieug u jeäh" Tn Tng fndre lshd .kak tmd'
i;=gq kï uq¨ f,djg u Tng fndre lsj yel"
kuq;a" Tn Tng fndre lshd fkd .; hq;=hs'
ks¾NS; rKúre Ñ;a; ffO¾hh
j¾Ifha úh<s WIaKdêl ld,j, §" úáka úg Oq;dx.OdÍ NslaIQyq ndka

yqwdhs idhs .ïudkh yryd" yqol,d j Ndjkdjg iqÿiq úfõlS ;eka fidh
fidhd .shy' .ïudkh jglr msysá l÷ jeáh iy w;súYd, >k le,Ej
ck;dj j<lajk wk;=re okjk m%foaYhla úh' jk i;=ka ksoe,af,a
yeisreKs' kSp N+;fhda tu fmfoia rc lrñka isáhy' uq¿ fmfoiu
>k le,Efjka .yk jqj o" th ìh okjkakla fkd ù h' Oq;dx.OdÍ
pdßld NslaIQka yg Tjqkf.a fhda.djpr Èúh yqol,dfõ f.ùug fuu
jkdka;rh iqÿiq u ia:dkhla úh'
fï Oq;dx.OdÍka ish,a, w;yer" ksjka wruqKq fldg fuu md¿

le,E mdrj,ays md .ukska ksy~ j ks;r ks;r hkq olakg ,enqKs' Tjqyq
;u is; lh ixis÷jd .ekSu i|yd iqÿiq ia:dk fidhñka .shy' ksjka u.
hñka ÿla ÿre lsÍu i|yd l÷jeá" .,a.=yd" f,ka wdÈh fidhñka fudjqyq
pdßldfõ fhÿky' Ôú;fha jeä fldgila t<suyfka .; lrk fuu
Oq;dx.OdÍ NslaIQyq ld,.=Ksl úm¾hdihka" iy uQ,Od;= úmßkduhkag ,la
fjñka Ôj;a jQy' mßirh yd noaO fjñka" iajNdj O¾ufha ,laIKhka yd
tla fjñka fudjqyq ;u Ôú; f.k .shy' m¾j; .iafld<ka" we< fod<
wdYS¾jdoh ( ks¾NS; rKúre Ñ;a; ffO¾hh 13
iy .x.d" fldá j,iqka" i¾mhska j,a w,ska w;rg Oq;dx.OdÍ NslaIqj o

tla úh' Wka jykafia,df.a Èú meje;aug" jkdka;rh woaor msysá l=vd
.ïudkhka f.dÿre .ïudkhka fia i,ld" msKavmd;h i|yd jäkakg
mqreÿ jQy'
rKúrejl= i;= ks¾NS; Ndjh iy Ñ;a; ffO¾hh" Oq;dx.OdÍ

NslaIQka yd ii|k l< msßi tl iudk nj mQ ;dhs .ïjeisfhda úYajdi
l<y' fuu fya;=j ksid tu NslaIQkaf.a wjYH;d imqrd .ekSu i|yd fuu
.ïjdiSkaf.a Wmldrh Wkajykafia,dg ,enqKs' ;mdhsf.a mshd jkdka;r
wdY%s; NslaIQka flfrys jeä we,aula oelaù h' —fï kshu nqoaO mq;%hka h˜
hkqfjka" uqyqKg u| iskyjla k.d .ksñka" Tyq Wkajykafia,d w.h
lf<a h' pdßldfõ jäk tjka NslaIQka jykafia ÿgq jydu l=vd orefjl=
fuka WfoHda.su;a j Wkajykafia,d ms<s.;af;a h'
1914 jif¾ §" lS¾;su;a Oq;dx.OdÍ lïuÜGdkdpd¾h lka;iSf,d

ysñf.a jeãu;a iu." ndka yqwdhs idhs .ïudkfha wdOHd;añl ;;aFjh
oeäfia fjkia úh' wE; Èidjl isg wkq.dñl NslaIQka jykafia,d lSm
kula o legqj" Wkajykafia tla Èkl ksoe,af,a md .ukska fuu m%foaYhg
jeähy'
Tjqka udi .Kkdjla u weúÈñka" uq,k s a u ,dífha isg ishfï

kfldaka *fkdaï m%dka;hg ó fldx .x.dj yryd meñK we;' bka miqj
ifldka kfldka ys kef.kysßka msyá s l÷ jeáh wudrefjka ;rKh
fldg" uqloa ydka olajd *q *dka jkdka;rh yryd meñK we;'
mQcH id´ f;reka jykafia jhi wjqreÿ 55 la jqjo" ksj¾;k .%SIauh

bjiñka w;s ÿIalr jQ ìï fmfoia ojia .Kkdjla" fkdfjkia j tlu
m%udKfha mshjr ;nñka" .uka l< fial' Wkajykafia iy YsIH msßi
ndka yqwdhs idhs .ïudkh fmfkk f;la udkhg meñfKoa§" jd¾Isl
jeis ld,h wdrïN jQjd muKs' j,dl=¿ tlsfkl yemS YS;, fmdo jeiai
áflka ál jefgkakg mgka .;s' WKqiqï fmdf<dj f;;ukh Wrd .;a
w;r ldka;su;a ysre t<sh ;ju;a fkd wvqj wyfia me;=reKs' ld,.=Kh
fufia fjkia fjoa§" jiaidk ld,h t<fUk nj;a" jia úiSu i|yd iqÿiq
ia:dkhla fiúh hq;= nj;a wdpd¾h id´ ysñg bÕsfhka fuka oekqKs'
fuu jeis iys; udi ;=k NslaIQka jykafia,d oeä j Ndjkdfõ ksr; jk
ld,hhs' nqÿka jykafia f.a Wmfoia mßÈ NslaIQka jykafia,d Tjqkf.a
pdßld iuh kj;d tla ia:dkhlg ù" jy,la hg jdih lr;s'
wdpd¾h id´ iajdóka jykafia" ;u YsIH msßi o legqj ixjr .ukska"

;ju;a kskafoa miq jQ mQ ;dhs .ïudkhg w¨hu we;=¿ jqKs' f;;ukh;a
óÿu;a w;ßka Wkajykafia;a miqmiska fm<g wd f.da, msßi;a uq,ska u
fmkqfKa Pdhdjka fia h' <x fj;a u iur mdg isjqre fmdrjd.;a NslaIQka
jykafia,d nj meyeÈ,s j fmkqKs'
mdjyka fkdue;s j" tla Wrysil t,ajd .;a md;a;rh iys; j .uka
.kakd fuu NslaIQyq" .ï jeishkaf.a mß;Hd.hka" odk udk ,nd .ekSug
iQodkï j isáhy' n;a lrj," flfi,a hkdÈh fuka u Tjqka f.a isky
/,a,;a" f.!rjkSh kuialdrh;a tu mß;Hd.hkag wh;a úh' NslaIQka
jykafia,df.a Ydka; bßhõ iy f.!rjkSh fmkqu .ï jdiSkaf.a is;a
Nla;sfhka l=,au;a l< w;r .fï ia;%s mqreIfhda iy orefjda fï O¾ufha
yeisfrk NslaIQka yg hï wdydr fõ,la ,nd §ug lE flda .iañka tfy
fufy ÿjñka" fmdr lEy' id´ ysñ iy Wkajykafiaf.a YsIH NslaIQka
;mdhsf.a ksji bÈßfhka msKavmd;h i|yd jäoa§" f.or ish,af,da
u ksji bÈßfhka Èfjk" wmsßisÿ wä mdr g wjq;a" wdydr iaj,amhla
yduqÿrejkaf.a md;a;rj,g fnok n,dfmdfrd;a;=fjka isgf.k isáhy'
úfYaIs; jQ mska /ia lr .ekSu Tjqkf.a n,dfmdfrd;a;=j úh'
uE;l § fuu fmfoig ixl%uKh jQ NslaIQka .ek jeä úia;r

oek .ekSu i|yd ;mdhsf.a mshd" hy¿jka lSm fofkl= o iu. Wka
jykafia,d l÷mduq, ;djld,sl j ,e.=ï .;a wrK fidhd .shy' mQcH id´
f;reka jykafia" lS¾;su;a lïuÜGdkdpd¾hhka jykafia kula yeáhg
uq¿ m<df;a u m%isoaêhla biq¨j o ;fidka iy Tyqf.a ñ;=rka lsisÈkl
Wkajykafia oel fkd ;snqKs' kuq;a Wkajykafiaf.a ku lshfjkjd;a
iu. u Tjqkg ksï ysï ke;s m%S;shla Wmk' ;mdhs f.a mshd" id´ f;reka
yg jeys ld,fha ;u .u wi, jkfha jdih lsÍug wdrdOkd lf<a
h' fuu m%foaYfha N+ úIu;d ,laIK .ek ;mdhsf.a mshdg b;d fyd|
oekSula ;snqKs'
fõ.fhka c,h .,d hk we< fod<j,a o wjg m%foaYh jgd

lrlefjñka Èfjk .x.d o" l÷ jeáfha we;s .,a f,ka o" bÈßhg
fkrd msysá m¾j; fldgia o" tfuka u ;eks;,d ;DK N+ñ iy >k
jkdka;r o fuu .ïudkh wisßu;a lf<a h' fï yeu ,laIKhla .ek
u ukd oekSula ;mdhs f.a mshdg ;snqKs' ta ksidu Tyq .re;r iajdóka
jykafiag u. fmkajkafkla úh' jia jeiSu i|yd ia:dk lSmhla u Tyq
Wkajykafiag fmkaùh' .ïudkfha isg mehlska muK hd yels ÿrlska"
jkfha nekala,ex .,a f,k iy ta wjg m%foaYh jia úiSu i|yd iqÿiq hhs
id´ iajdóka jykafia ;SrKh lf<a h' ;mdhsf.a mshd ta .ek i;=gq jqKq
w;r isf;a iekiSula o we;s úh'
nqÿ oyu y÷kajd §ug m%:u mQ ;dhs jeisfhda merKs iïm%odhkag wkqj
u<.shjqka iy N+; jkaokdjkays .e,S isáhy' le,Ejg wêm;s foúhkg"
N+;hkg" mrïmrdfõ u<.sh we;a;kg ì,s mQcd mej;aùug;a jkaokd
lsÍug;a mqreÿ j isáhy' ;u mjqf,a ñh .sh whj¨kaf.a N+; wd;au jkaokd"
iEu ksjil u wksjd¾hfhka flfrk wd.ñl j;djf;ls' ta i|yd iEu
ksjil u je÷ï msÿï lsÍug ia:dkhla fjka lr ;snqKs' w;S;fha ;u
mjq,aj, ñh .sh uq;=ka ñ;a;ka i|yd úúO mQcdjka lsÍu ffoksl isß;la
j mej;=Ks' fuu ñh.sh we;af;da" Tjqkf.a mjqf,a wh jdih l< ksji
tfuka u .u wk;=rej,ska j<lajd" wdrlaId lrkq we;ehs Tõyq úYajdi
l<y' tu mQcdjka fkd lsÍfuka wjdikdjka; isoaëkag Tjqyq uqyqKmdkq
we;ehs o" Tjqka ;=< ìhla ;sìKs' tÈfkod mjqf,a flfrk ld¾hhka
fyd|ska flfrf;d;a" ñh .sh we;af;da ksjfia flfrk mqo mQcd .ek
i;=gg m;aù we;ehs Tjqyq úYajdi l<y' tfiau ksjig lror lïlfgd¨
meñKshfyd;a" tfia jQfha mQcdjka ksisfia fkd flreK fyhska ñh .sh
we;af;da wi;=áka ksid hhs o" úYajdi lf<dah' Y=N ojia n,d" <Õmd;
.ejfik foúhka N+;hka iekiSug úúO mQcdjka lsÍug o Tjqyq uy;a
W;aidyhla .;ay' N=udg foúhka iy wyfia fjfik foújre o Tjqka
wu;l lf<a ke;' iy,a iy c,h" foúhka iuÕ we;s iïnkaO;djh
.ek Tjqka w;r m%p,s; fuu merKs lshufkka ;yjqre fõ'
—wkqNj lroa§ l=Uqrg wê.Dys; foúhka wu;l fkd lrkq' wmg

uiqka ,ndfok c,hg wê.Dys; foúfhda lsisodl wu;l fkd lrkq'˜
fndfyda .ïudk uOHfha fn!oaO isoaOia:dkhla fyda je÷ï msÿï

lsÍug iqÿiq ;ekla ;snqK o" u<jqka jkaokdj .ïjdiSka f.a Ôú;j,g
b;d ;Èka ld je§ ;snqKs' wdpd¾h id´ ysñ .ï w;f¾ ießirñka Od¾ñl
Èúhl we;s .=Kd;aulNdjh Tjqkg meyeÈ,s lr ÿKs' tfiau Tjqkf.a
l%shdjka yd úYajdihka fya;= fldg we;súh yels M, úmdl o Tjqkg
jgyd ÿKs' foúhka yd N+;hka wm w;f¾ bkakd nj Wkajykafia
m%;slafIam fkd lrk ,§' Tjqka iEu ;eklg u" iEu fohlg u wê.Dys;
j fjfik neõ lSh' le,E" .ia" l÷" f,ka" .x.d" fl;aj;=" fmdf<dj
iy wyi hkdÈhg wê.Dys; we;af;da isák njo tfiau lhla fkd ue;s
Ôj fldgila o bkakd njg we;s úYajdi Wkajykafia ms<s.;s' tkuqÿ
Wkajykafia tu foúhka iy N+;hka yg" ñksidf.a ÿla fodïkia we;s
lrjk n,hla ;sfnk nj úYajdi fkd l<y' tfiau ì,s mQcd wd§ w,a,ia
§" flfkl= uqyqK fok wiykldÍ ;;ajhka f.ka wdrlaIdj ,nd.;
yel hk úYajdih o Wka jykafia fkd ms<s.;af;a h'
.ug mdhk br" jysk jeiai iy úysfok óÿu" jdf.a u fuu wi,ajdiS
foúhka iy N+;hka mQ ;dhs .ïudkfha u fldgils' Tjqka o bm§u yd
urKh fuka fjka l< fkdyelsh' fuh o id´ ysñhka m%;slafIam fkd
lf<a h' kuq;a fï wukqIHhka" .ïjdiSka fuka u Tjqfkdjqkaf.a l¾u
úmdl wkqj ta ta ;;ajhkag meñK we;s neõ Wkajykafia Tjqkg myod
ÿkay' iEu i;aFjfhl= u" .ï jeishka jdf.a u l¾uh odhdo fldg we;s
neõ jgyd ÿKs' fuu u<jqka jkaokdj iuyr úgl tajdg weíneys jQ
whg lsishï udkisl Yla;shla ,nd fohs' wdpd¾h id´ ysñf.a mKsúvfha
idrh jQfha fm!oa.,sl j.lSu iïnkaOjhs' flfkl= w;aú|sk i;=g fyda
fõokdj" m%S;sh fyda ÿl" Tyqf.a w;S; l¾uhkaf.a m%;sM,hka h' th
Tyqf.a j¾;udkfha iodpdr iïmkak hy.=K u; ilia jkakla neõ o
myod fok ,§'
jia jeiSu i|yd id´ ysñf.a wimqj bÈ lsÍfï § jeiaig Tfrd;a;=

fok l=á bÈ lsÍu wjYH j ;sìKs' tla tla ysñ kulg tla tla l=áh
ne.ska o" m%d;sfudalaIh foaYkd lsÍug iy oka je<|Su i|yd Yd,djla o

wjYH úh' ilauka Ndjkd i|yd fmdf<dj iu;,d lr ksis whqre ilia
lsÍu o" jeisls,s i|yd j<j,a iEÍu o isÿlsÍug ;snqKs' yoj; mqrd biau;=
jQ m%S;shlska tfuka u WfoHda.hlska ;mdhsf.a mshd tu fiajdjka lr §ug
iafjÉPdfjka bÈßm;a úh' w;a;sjdrï ,S fldg i|yd Bg iqÿiq .ia lmd
brd ilia lsÍu" ìu ilia lsÍug WK nïnq m,d f;rmd iqodkï lr
.ekSu" jy< fiú,s lr .ekSu i|yd Wi ;K lmd ñá ne£u l< hq;= j
;snQ ld¾hhka h' Tjqyq wä mdrj,a lmd iu;,d fldg j<f.dve,s jid"
w;=.d NslaIQkag myiqfjka hd yels fia ilia l<y' jeisls,s j<j,a ydrd
jg fiú,s lrk ,§' ;fidka iy Tyqf.a hy÷jka fuu bÈlsÍï lr ksu
fjoa§" l%u l%ufhka ck Y+kH jkdka;rhl ms<sfj<lg ileiqKq l=vd
wdrKHhla ilia ù ;snqKs'
mQ ;dhs .ïudkh ;=< áflka ál wOHd;añl fmr<shla we;súh' uq,

§ tl mjq,lska wdrïN ù miqj wksla mjq,aj,g Y%oaOdj jHdma; j .sfhah'
nqÿrcdKka jykafia irK hEfuka ,nk wdrlaIs; n,h iudoka jk
YS,fha n,h Tjqkg ;Èka u wjfndaO úh' fndfyda fokd Tjqka fuf;la
fuf;la je÷ï msÿï l< mQcia:dk" foaj rEm N+; rEm wdÈh .sks ;nd
úkdYfldg w÷ njg m;a lrk ,§' ;j;a iuyrla wh nqÿ oyu .ek
iel my< lrñka" O¾uh je<| .ekSug miqng jQy' wm wjg ießirk
wukqIHfhda fï .ek flfia m%;sl%shd olaj;a o@ Tjqyq m,s .ks;a o@
kslrefKa l;d fkd lrk" id´ f;reka jykafia" Wkajykafia

f.a iSñ; jpk Wmfhda.s lr .ksñka" .ïjdiSka ;=< mej;s fmdÿ ìh
uÕ yrjd Y%oaOdj iy YS,h Tjqka ;=<g ld jeoa§ug iu;a úh' Tjqkg
b;d myiqfjka f;areï .; yelsjk fia" Rcqj u ir, mdvï u.ska
b.ekakqfõ h' flfkla ;=< Y%oaOdj we;slr,Su i|yd" ì,s mQcd pdß;%h
fjkqjg nqÿka" oyï iy iÕ irK hEu iqÿiq nj ta;a;= .ekaù h' YS,h
is;a ;=<g ld jeoa§u i|yd Tjqkg mxp YS,h iudoka ùug yqre lf<a
h' i;=ka ueÍfuka je<lSu" fidrlï lsÍfuka je<lSu" fndre lSfuka
je<lSu" lduh jrojd yeisÍfuka je<lSu" iy u;a øjH .ekSfuka je<lS
isàu wd§ is,a mo b.ekaùh' ;u ;ukaf.a is;a iy l%shd ixjr lr .ekSu
ir, fia fmkqK;a tys m%n, Yla;shla we;s neõ Tjqkg jegyqKs' tfiau
wka whg;a ;udg;a ydkslr yeisÍfuka je<lS isàu ;udf.a wdrlaIdj
;yjqre lr .ekSfï Wml%uhla nj .ïjeisfhda jgyd .;s'
.ïjdiSkag Woõ lsÍfï wáfhka" Tjqkf.a ìh ÿre lsÍu i|yd

Ndjkdfjka ,eìh yels wdrlaId iys; n,h Tjqkg lshd ÿKs' m<uq j"
nqÿka je£u i|yd iduQysl j nqÿ .=K iÊCOdhkd lsÍug Tjqka fm<Uqfõ
h' Tjqkf.a yoj;a msßisÿ ù" ikaiqka jQ miq" ta we;a;kaf.a ielhka yd
wiykhka ÿre lsÍug ir, niska fláfhka fufia wjjdodkqYdikd
lf<a h'
—Nh jkakg tmd" nqoafOda'''' nqoafOda'''' nqoafOda hkqfjka is; tlÕ

lr.ksñka Ndjkd lrk fldg wukqIHhka Tng ndOd muqKqjkafka
keye' Ôú; ld,h ;=< iEu flfkla u f,v fjkjd' wmg we;sfjk
wikSm" wukqIHhka fm%a;hka N+;hka ksid we;s fjkjd lshd is;Su fudav
lula' wfma YÍr iEu fudfyd;l u crdjg m;a fjñka" fjkia fjkjd'
ukqIH YÍrh iy f,v ùu tlg tl noaO ù hk tlla' Tfí ueßÉp
{d;Skaf.ka Woõ b,a,Su lsis jevla ke;s fohla' Ndjkd lr,d ta msx ñh
.sh we;a;kag wkqfudaoka lsÍu Bg jvd fyd|hs' t;fldg fof.d,a,kag
u fudlla fyda hym;la fjkjd˜
lemùfuka fn!oaO lghq;=j, fhfok .ï jdiSyq pdß;%dkql+, j

i;r fmdfydh fjka lrjd f.k wd.ñl lghq;=j, fhfo;s' Tjqyq
fuu Èkhkays NslaIQka jykafia,dg oka ms<s.ekaùu" iduQysl j .d:d
lSu" O¾u foaYkdjkag ijka §u" Ndjkd mqyqKqj wd§ foaj,aj,ska tllg
fyda lSmhlg iyNd.s fjñka oji f.j;s' ;mdhs fï jk úg wjqreÿ 16
l <oeßhls' w¨;ska bÈjqKq nExla ,Ex f,k wdY%s; wdrKHh fj; ;u
foudmshka iu. fndfyda ojil WoEikska u mhska hEug mqreÿ j isáhd
h' .eyekq orefjl= ksid NslaIQka w;f¾ ióm j yeisÍug wehg bv lv
fkd ,enqKs' tfyhska wdpd¾h id´ yssñ .syshka wu;oa§" ;mdhs Yd,dfõ
wE;g ù" Wka jykafiaf.a uqÿ fudf<dla lg y~ wefik iSudjl jdä ù"
ijka ÿkakd h'
.fï ldka;djkaf.a msgqmiska jdä ù" l=vïudf.a Wrysiska biais biaiS

n, n,d isá ;mdhs yg" wjg we;s wdOHd;añl mßirh iy W.kajk oE
wjfndaO lr .ekSug yels úh' .ïudkfha wka ish,a,ka jdf.a u ;mdhs
o" Tjqkf.a ixialD;sl Wreuhka iu. fuf;la ÿr jeã wd flfkls' weh
f,dalh foi n,oa§ o" w;S;fha isg wehg odhdo jQ tu ixialD;sl miqìfï
isg ne,Sug isÿ úh' l=vd l, isg u" foaj N+; hkaf.a Ôùkaf.a meje;aula
we;s nj oek isáh o" tu woaN+; úYajdihka wE je<| fkd .;a;S h' ta
fjkqjg weh" wehf.a idudkH oekSfuka" fya;=j;a tys m%;sM,h;a iïnkaO
j we;a; fiùug hqyqiq¿ jQjd h' wef.a ksjfia u<.shjqka isys lsÍug l=vd
mqoiqkla bÈlr ;snqK o" ;mdhsf.a is; iajNdjfhka u fm<UqfKa nqÿka
irK hEu iy nqÿ ysñhka foiQ i;H jQ oyu irK hEug h'
fuu lreKq fya;= fldgf.k wpd¾h id´ ysñf.a n,mEu" wehg

nd, úfha § u fkdfjkia j mj;sk nj jegyqKs' Wkajykafiaf.a ir, jQ
m%dfhda.sl ms<sfj;a wE f.!rjfhka w.h l<d h' Wkajykafiaf.a Ydka;
iqúfYaI ;ekam;a ú,dih" mQckSh ,S,dj" tfukau wNsudkj;a fmkqu
wehf.a is;a .;a wd¾h pß; ,laIK úh' Wkajykafiaf.a meje;au" jpk
iy p¾hdj ;mdhsf.a is; ;=< fkd fi,afjk .eUqre Nla;shla we;s lrù
h' f;reka jykafia ÿka Wmfoia wkqj" Ndjkdj i|yd ;u is; fhduq
lsÍug weh jeä ù¾hhla fkd .;a; o" id´ ysñhka w;s W;=ï Ñ;a;
iqjhla ú|sk flfkl= hhs wef.a yoj;g oekqKs' jeäl,a fkdf.dia id´
uyd f;reka jykafiaf.a fm!reIh ;=< we;s ishqï n,hlska" wehj w¨;a
ÈYdjlg wÈk njla bÕsfhka fuka wehg jegyqKs'
wu;l fkdjk tla Èkhl" fuu wdl¾IKh wehg wreu mqÿu f,i
ukdj wjfndaO úh' NslaIQka jykafia,df.a meje;au i|yd ldka;djkaf.a
oka §u .ek" id´ ysñfhda tla Èkl m%Yxid uqLfhka w.h l<y' Tjqka
Èkm;d ,ndfok msKavmd; odkh iy wfkla wjYH;d fidhd n,d
imsÍu NslaIQka jykafia,dg uy;ajQ mss<sirKla jkjd fiau" tu l=i,a
uy;a M, uydksixi jk njo mejiSh' ;j o" .sysf.ka kslaó" jk.;j
iqÿ j;a y|sk is,a ud;djkaf.a n%yaupßhd YS,fha wdksYxi" odkdksYxi yd
lsisfia;a iudk l< fkdyels nj oeka ùh'
fuu m%ldYh ;mdhs f.a yoj; ii, lrù h' is,a ud;dfjda iEu
i;a;ajhl=g u mska fl;la n÷ hhs wdpd¾h id´ f;reka jykafia
jeäÿrg;a mejiQy' fuu ksYaÑ; m%ldYh;a iuÕ u uy f;reka jykafia
fï <dnd, .eyekq orejdf.a yoj; m;=f,a l=vd îchla frdamKh lrk
,§' th miq ld,hl §" hï Èkl" oejeka; fndaê jDlaIhla jk îchla
úh'
21
Ndjkdfõ w.h .ek

lsisÿ ielhla we;s lr fkd.kak'
tfiau Tfí yelshdjka .ek o
wj;lafiare fkd lrkak' Tn hï m%.;shla ,nkafka o"
thska iEySulg m;a jkak" ta ula ksido"
Tn fidhk i;Hh thska ms<sìUq jk neúks'
tksid" Ndjkdj n,dfmdfrd;a;= ;eìh yels fohls'
Ôú; ld,hl wdYS¾jdoh
id´ f;reka jykafia ndka yqwdhs idhs .ïudkh wjg jir ;=kla"
jfrl le,E l=Üáhl o" ;j;a jfrl fjk;a le,E l=Üáhl o ießirñka
jdih l<y' Wka jykafia Ldï pd B Èia;%slalh w; yer" W;=re m%foaYfha
pdßld i|yd jäk ld,h jk úg" m%foaYfha wd.ñl uqyqKqjr fndfyda
fia hym;a w;g fmr<S ;snqKs' m%foaYjdiSka yg id´ ysñhka fld;rï n,
mEula lf<a o lshf;d;a" fï jk úg fndfyda fokd u<jqka jkaokd w;
yer fn!oaO m%;sm;a;Ska je<| Bg .re lsÍug leue;a; oelajQy'
id´ ysñhka m%foaYfha úúO ia:dkhka lrd jäoa§" ;mdhsf.a mshd o

Wkajykafia iuÕ hñka" yqol,d jQ Ndjkdjg iqÿiq ;eka fmkajd ÿkafka
h' wjYH jQ úg NslaIQka jykafia,dg fhda.H l=vd WK nïnq l=á ;u
hy÷jka iu. tl;= ù idod ÿKs' m%cdj ;=< fn!oaO mqk¾Ôjkhla we;sùu
.ek Tyq o wka wh jdf.a u i;=gq jQfha h' id´ ysñhka m%foaYh w; yer
hEu .ek ;mdhsf.a mshd fYdal jQ kuq;a" mQ ;dhs .ïjdiSkaf.a is;ai;kays
nqÿoyu ;Èka ld jeÿKq neõ oek" iekiSug m;a úh' mQcH id´ ysñhka
.u w; yer hEu;a iuÕ u" tjlg ldf.a;a w;smQckSh f.!rj m%Kduhg
m;a fn!oaO wdpd¾hhka jykafia kula fuu fmfoig meñfKa hhs Tyq
lsis úgl fkd is;=fõ h'
w;smQcH wdpd¾h uqka N+ßo;a; ysñmdfKda úfYaIs; mqrdjD;a;hla f.dv

k.;s' Wkajykafiaf.a Ôú; l;dj iy idlaId;a l< wdOHd;añl ÈhqKqj
uE; ld,fha ;dhs,ka; b;sydihg fkdfojeks jQ mQckSh ;;a;ajhla
,ndfokq we;' fï jk úg;a Wkajykafia f.a úYajikSh lS¾;s kduh
láka lg me;sÍ" Bidk È. m%dka;hka mqrd me;sÍ f.dia ;snqKs' .ïNSr jQ
ioaO¾uh iúia;rj w¾: olajoa§" tu foaYkd fudk ;rï n,hlska yd
úYajdikSh wkaoulska l<do lshf;d;a" Wkajykafia bÈßfha wukqIHfhda
mjd fu,a, jQy' foaj" kd." .re~ iy wiqr wd§ka Wka jykafiaf.a fu;a
lreKd lsrKj,ska weo ne| wjk; lr .;S' Wka jykafiaf.a w,afmaÉP
rgdj ldf.a;a meiiqug Ndckh úh' uE; b;sydifha Oq;dx.OdÍ NslaIQka
yev .eiaùfï uq,a lïuÜGdkdpd¾hjrfhla jYfhka uqka uy f;reka
jykafia m%isoaO úh' wdpd¾h uqka uy f;reka jykafiaf.a wkq.dñl YsIH
NslaIQka iy Wmdil Wmdisldjka Wka jykafiaf.a O¾u fiakdxlh úh' ta
iefjdu oeä úkhlska hq;=j mßmQ¾K rKúrejka lrùu i|yd Wkajykafia
u. fmkajk ,§' wdpd¾h uqka ysñ tla jrla uqK .eiqK fyd;a" Nd.H
iïmkak wkd.;hlg wdYS¾jdo ,efnkq we;ehs ñksiqka w;r úYajdihla
f.dv ke.S ;snqKs' Oq;dx.OdÍ kshu pdßld NslaIqjla jYfhka uqka uy
f;reka jykafia fndfyda úg jiaidk ld,fha tla ia:dkhl tla jrlg
jvd jeä jdr .Kkla fkd isáhy' jeis iuh ksu jQ miq Wka jykafia
;u f.da, msßi;a iuÕ iq<Õ yuk Èidjg" is;afia mdùhk l=re,a,ka
fia b;d ieye,a¨fjka Bidk È. jkdka;rhkays ksoyfia yeiqrefKah'
by< wyfia mdfjñka" mshdir lrk l=re,af,da i;=gq mßÈ .ila u; fyda"
fmdl=Kla <Õ fyda uv j.=rla iómfha fyda is;eÕs mßÈ mshUd wjq;a
ji;s' t;ekska kej; mshUd hoa§ lsisÿ nrla" ne£ula" <;eùula fkdue;s
j ish,a, w;yer b.s,S h;s' Oq;dx.OdÍ NslaIQka ish,a, w;yer W;=ï Ôú;
f.k hkafka o fuf,isks'
1917 jif¾" fudaiï iuh <xfjoa§ wdpd¾h uqka f;reka jykafia"

;j;a ieg kula iuÕ W;=re foiska úysÿKq le,Eno l÷ mduq, olajd
nei" ndka yqwdhs idhs .ïudkh fmfkk f;la udkhg meñKshy' Tjqyq
.ia hg" .,a f,ka iy .=ydj, tfuka u iqidk N+ñj, ,e.=ï .;ay'
ndka yqwdhs idhs .ïudkhg <Õdùu i|yd wdpd¾h ysñ fjkqfjka le,Ej
wdYS¾jdoh ( Ôú; ld,hl wdYS¾jdh 23
Y=oaO fldg iE¥ wä mdr Tiafia" Wkajykafia jäk o¾Ykh ÿgq .ïjdiSyq
Y%oaOdfjka l=,au;a jQy' ndka yqwdhs idhs .ïjdiSyq ish,af,da u fuu Oïu
.fõYS NslaIQka jykafia,d uy;a jQ Y%oaOd Nla;sfhka ms<s.;ay'
wdpd¾h uqka ia:úrhka jykafia iy Y%djl msßi Tjqkg yuqjQ kj

mßirh ;=< Oq;dx. iïm%odhhka wkqj" ir, Èúhla f.jñka Ndjkd
lghq;= wdrïN l<y' fndfyda .ïjdiSyq i;r fmdfydh Èkhkays" fuu
l÷ mduq, bÈ jQ wdrKHhg tla frdla jQy' ;mdhsf.a foudmsfhda o" tu
.ïjdiSkag wksjd¾hfhka tl;= jQy' fï jk úg wdpd¾h uqka ysñf.a
f.!rjkSh lS¾;sh weh oek isáfha ke;' wdpd¾h id´ ysñ .ek l;d
lroa§" tu ku o lshefjkjd muKla weh wid ;snqKs' Wkajykafia,d
foku tlsfkldg Woõ lr .ksñka" Wkkaÿ lr .ksñka Ndjkd mqyqKqfjys
ksr; jQ l<HdK ñ;=rka fofofkls' ;mdhs oek isáfha tmuKls' jßka
jr ;u foudmshka iu. .sh .ukaj, §" wdpd¾h uqka ysñ iy wdpd¾h
id´ ysñ w;r ;snQ fjkialï weh ÿgqjd h' wdpd¾h uqka ysñf.a fõ.j;a
l%shdYS,S m%n, pß;h;a" wdpd¾h id´ ysñf.a ;ekam;a Ydka; iajNdjh;a
wehg tla jr u jegysKs' uqka f;reka jykafia id´ ysñg jvd Wiska wvq"
fliÕ YÍrhlska hqla; jQ kuq;a l;d lroa§" fow;a úis lrñka w¾:h
meyeÈ,s lsÍug oE;a yiqrejñka foorjk lg y~lska l;d l<y'
wdpd¾h uqka f;reka jykafia .ek uq, § ;mdhs ìh jQjd h'

Wkajykafiaf.a ;shqKq ú,dih wehg pls;hla f.k ÿKs' .ug msKavmd;h
i|yd jeä iEu wjia:djl § u" Wka jykafiaf.a md;a;rhg weh wdydr
;ekam;a lroa§" uqka ia:úrfhda u|la kej;S wehg l;d fldg" wdrKHhg
wjq;a Wkajykafia yuqjk f,ig wjjdo l<y' wdpd¾hhka jykafia
bÈßfha ,Êcdfjka yd ìh.=¨lñka ñßl=Kq weh" úfYaIs; wd.ñl Èkhkays
§ muKla" wef.a foudmshka yd .ïjdiSka tl;=j yeÿKq lKavdhula
iu. wdrKHhg .shd h' wdpd¾h uqka wehg úfYaI ie,ls,a,la oelaù h'
fmdfydh Èkhkays § wef.a meñKSu .ek i;=g m%ldY fldg" jpkhla
folla weh yd l;d lf<a h' wehg widudkH wdOHd;añl l=i,;d we;s
nj;a" oeä lemùula we;s pß;hla nj;a" ;u m%;sNd {dkfhka oek.;a
Wkajykafia" wehj Ndjkd lsÍug Wkkaÿ l<y' wdpd¾h id´ b.eka jQ
uQ,sl l%u fõoh u Wka jykafia o wehg b.ekaù h' tkï" ksYaYíoj
Ndjkd jok" —nqoafOda˜ hkak fkd lvjd ksy~j lSuhs' wehf.a oekSfï
tlu wruqK fuu nqoafOda hk jpkh nj ;Èka u is;g wjfndaO jk;=re
È.ska È.g u mqyqKq l< hq;= neõ mejiqfõh' isysh fuu wruqfKys mj;ajd
.ekSu .ek wjOdrKh lf<a h'
—nqoa - fOda nqoa - fOda˜ hk ud;%d fkd lvjd lshñka" fudfyd;ska

fudfyd; tys u isysh msysgqjd .ksñka isàug ù¾h .; hq;= neõ wjOdrKh
lf<a h' fufia mqk mqkd lshoaoS" tla tla wjia:dfõ ke.Su neiSu .ek
iqmÍlaIdldÍ j wjOdkfhka isàug yels jk nj o mejiS h' fuh b;d
ir, l%uh lehs weh is;=jd h' ckaufhka u wehg ysñj ;snQ ,Êcd Nh
ksid uq, § fï wjjdo ms<s.ekSug weh wÈ uÈ l<dh'
wdpd¾h uqka f;rKqfjda fkdfhla jr wehg Ndjkd lsÍug uykais

.kakd f,ig n, l<y' ;mdhs" weh ;=< iyc yelshdjla ;sîug mq¨jkehs
iel lsÍug mgka .;a;d h' weh fufia is;=jd h'
—uu .ul bmÿK idudkH fl,a,la' ta jqkdg ug Wmam;a;sfhka

hï l=i,;djhka ;sfhkak mq¿jka' tfyu ke;skï" Wkajykafia ud .ek
fuÉpr Wkkaÿjla fmkajkafka wehs@ uu wo mgka" Wkajykafia ug
wkqlïmdfjka ÿkakq Wmfoia wkqj Ndjkd mqyqKqj mgka .kak ´ke˜
tla iekaoEjl" rd;%s lEfuka miq" weÕm; fidaod msßisÿ ù"

fõ,dikska u weh ;u ksok ldurhg .shd h' tÈk uq¿ oji mqrdu"
wef.a yoj; ;=<ska wuq;=u iekis,sodhl wêIaGdkhla u;= fjù tk
njla wehg jegyqKs' wdpd¾h uqka ysñ ÿka Wmfoia mßÈ" —nqoafOda˜
hkak fj; ;u is; iïmQ¾Kfhka u fhduq fldg" fkd kj;ajd lSug
wdrïN lrk Èkh wo nj wehg is;=Ks' w;suy;a Nla;shlska o" fuh
wehg w;HjYH fohla fyhska o" lemùfuka l<hq;= fohla hhs is;d"
Ndjkdfhda.S j ys|" —nqoafOda˜ hk moh fkd kj;ajd u iÊCOdhkd lsÍug
mgka .;a;d h' ñks;a;= myf<djla muK wLKav j iqmÍlaIdldÍ j
tfia ix.dhkd l< miq yÈisfha u" wef.a iú[a[dKl uki yoj;
m;=,g jeà" .eUqre jQ ksi,;djhlg tla jqKs' fï isÿùu" yÈisfha <sx
m;=<lg jeà" wef.a lh;a is;;a ksYap, ;ekl ke;s jQjd fia wehg
oekqKs' fuu kj;u w;a oelSu fld;rï wmQ¾j oehs lshf;d;a wehg
l=ula jQjd oehs wehg u jgyd .ekSug fkdyels úh' ál fõ,djlg miq"
wef.a uki .eUqre iudêfhka hka;ñka wE;a ù" wef.a ñh.sh isrer"
weh bÈßfha fydjd ;sfnk o¾Ykhla wehg Èia úh' th m%shckl oiqkla
fkd ù h' wE wehf.a u< isrer ksjerÈ j y÷kd .;a;S h' wef.a u
u<isrefrys ishqï fldgia mjd fld;rï meyeÈ,s j wehg fmkqfKa o
lshf;d;a" we;af;ka u ueÍ we;s njla wehg jegyqKs' yÈisfha wef.a
ukig ;j;a is;sú,a,la ke.S wjq;a" wef.a ikaiqkaNdjh foorjd"
wiykhg m;a lf<a h' tkï"
—oeka uu uereK ksid lõo ux fjkqjg f.or lEu Whkafk@

lõo fyg msKavmd; jäk yduqÿrejrekaf.a md;a;rj,g wdydr fnokafk@
wo rd;%sfha Ndjkd lrñka isáoa§ uu uereK nj wdpd¾h uqka ysñhkag
lõo lshkafka @˜
fuu wiykldÍ is;sú,s jydu u¾okh lrf.k" is; fu,a, lr

.ksñka weh fufia o l,amkd l<d h'
—uu uereKd kï uu ueß,d fï f,dafl yeu flfkla u uefrkak

kshuhs' ldgj;a urfKka .e,ùula keye' m%;dmj;a rc flfkla jqj;a
uefrkak ´kE'˜
ál fõ,djlska wef.a is; kej;;a uqKska jeà we;s wehf.a u<

isrer fj; Rcq j fhduq úh' wef.a u<ñKsfha o¾Ykh lsisÿ whqrlska
ÿ¾j¾K ù fyda fjkia ù fyda fkd ;snqKs' tfyhska weh i;H jYfhka u
ueÍ we;s njla wehg jegyqKs' urKfha M, úmdl .ek lsisÿ ;SrKhlg
fkd nei l,amkd lrñka isáoa§" .fï jeishka l=vd lKavdhula wehg
Èia úh' Tjqka bfíg u jdf.a yÈisfhka u;= úh' lsisÿ ye,fyd,aukla
ke;s" m%dKhla ke;s wef.a u< isrer" Tjqyq Tijd f.k wi, iqidk
N+ñh fj; f.k .shy' fidfydfka md¨ me;a;l" yß ueo" Tjqyq wehf.a
u< isrer ;ekam;a l<y' túg u jdf.a" wdpd¾h uqka iajdóka jykafia
;j;a NslaIQka lSm kula iuÕ wef.a u< isrer foig .dïNSr fmkqfuka
tkq weh ÿgqjd h' wdpd¾h uqka ysñ u< isrer foi fudfyd;la n,disg"
NslaIQka foig yeÍ —fï .eyekq <uhd ueß,d' uu oeka wef.a wjuÕ=,a
pdß;% bgqlrkakï'˜ hs mejiqfõ h'
NslaIQka jykafia,d ìug fy<d .;a weia we;sj" Ydka;j isá w;r
wdpd¾h uqka ysñfhda fiñka wjika lghq;= i|yd kshñ; .d:d iÊCOdhkd
l<y' —wksÉpd j; ixLdrd '''''''''''''''''''''' lh ilia jqKq fohls' lh uereK
miq tu fldgi lsisÿ m%fhdackhla fkdue;s ;;aFjhlg m;a fõ' tkuq;a
yoj; uefrkafka ke;' th fkd lvjd l%shd lrhs' th O¾udkql+, j
ÈhqKq lr.;fyd;a thska ,nk m%;s,dN wiSñ; h' kuq;a th ysxidldÍ
f,i fhojqjfyd;a" th flfkl=g wk;=re muqKqjhs'˜
fuu isoaOdka;h wdpd¾h uqka iajdóka jykafia b;d ikaiqka f,i

;=ka jrla kej; kej; m%ldY l<y' Rcq j isgf.k fkd fi,aù isá
Wkajykafiaf.a w; muKla fi,jqKs' Wkajykafiaf.a ierñáfhka u<
isrerg ;=ka jrla ;Ügq lf<a h' tfia ;Ügq l< yeu jdrhl§ u(
—lh mj;skafka ke;' bmÿK fyhska th ñh hd hq;=h' flfia

fj;;a yoj; fkdueÍ mj;S' th ljr úgl j;a bmfokafka ke;' lh
ñh hoa§" yoj; ñh fkd hhs' th yeu úg u l%shd;aul fõ' fya;= M,
O¾uhg wjYH lreKq yiqrejk whqßka" N%uKh fjù ;ekska ;ek ÿjhs˜
hkqfjka mejiqfõh'
;u ierháfha w.ska ßoauhlg wkqj u<isrerg ;Ügq lrñka"

wdpd¾h uqka iajdóka jykafia fuu i;Hh kej; kej; lshk njla
wef.a oiqkg fmkqKs' ierháfhka fiñka ;Ügq lrk iEu jdrhl §u"
wef.a isrer l%ufhka l=Kq ùug mgka .;af;a h' m<uqj ifï ÈhmÜg
u;=ù wjq;a me,S .e,ù" ifuka jeiS ;snQ uia ;Ügq fmfkkakg úh'
fojkqj ;Ügq lroa§" w;sYhska l=Kq jQ udxY fmaYSka iy wiaÒka Èhù

jeà we;=<; fldgia yd weg lgq Èiafjkakg mgka .;s' fudaykhlg m;a
jQjd fia ;mdhs ;u isref¾ weg lgq muKla b;sßjk ;=re" uq¨ isrer u
crdjg hk whqre n,d isáhd h' wdpd¾h uqka ysñ" ;u w;" weg iels,a,
w;rg ßx.jd yojf;a uoh ;u w,a,g f.k fufia m%ldY lf<a h'
—yoj; lsis odl úkdY lsÍug fkd yel' th úkdY jqKs kï Tn

kej; isysh fkd ,nkq we;'˜
fuu iïmQ¾K o¾Ykh È. yefrk ú,dYh" f.!rjh uqiq ìhlska

iy pls;hlska ;mdhs kerUqjd h' fuh flfia jgyd .; hq;af;a oehs
wehg oekSula fkd ;snqKs' wdpd¾h uqka ysñhkaf.a l;dj ksu jQ miq
wehg fuh jgyd .; fkdyels m%fya,sldjla úh"
—weg lgq muKla b;sß ù uq¿ YÍrh u l=Kq ù úkdY ù hkafka kï

kej; isysh ,nkafka l=ulska o@˜
;u wf;a fï jk f;la r|jdf.k isá" yojf;a uoh foi tl

t,af,a n,df.k u wdpd¾h uqka ysñ" wef.a ú;¾lhg ms<s;=re ÿKs'
—th iaÓr j u wdmiq meñfKa' isysh kej; f.k tk yojf;a uoh

;ju;a mj;soa§" Tng kej; isysh fkd t<U isákafka flfiao@ fyg
Wfoa mdkaor Tn kej; isysh ,nkq we;'˜
wef.a u< isref¾ o¾Ykhg iïmQ¾Kfhka u we,S .e,S uq¿ rd;%sh

u ;mdhs m¾hxlfhka jdä ù Ndjkdfõ ksr; jQjd h' wef.a is; .eUqre
iudêfhka bj;a jQfha wreK¨ kef.oa§ h' weh .ek oekSula wehg
my< fjoa§" wef|a ys|f.k isáoa§ u" weh úu;sfhka wef.a YÍrh foi
ne¨jd h' weh fkd ueÍ isák nj oek iekiqï iqiqula fy¿jd h'
m%lD;s f,i wjÈ jQjdg miq" weh fkd uereKq nj oek.;a fyhska" wehg
;rul i;=gla we;s úh' tkuq;a rd;%s ld,fha ÿgq isysk .ek is;d n,oa§"
wE kskaog hEu ms<sn|j;a Ndjkd fkd lr kskafoka isysk olsñka isàu
.ek;a weh wehg u fodia mjrd .;a;d h' wdpd¾h uqka wE .ek l<lsÍug
m;ajkq we;ehs weh úYajdi l<d h'
wdpd¾h uqka iajdóka jykafia tÈk Wfoa msKavmd;h i|yd wef.a

ksji o miq lrñka jeähy' Wkajykafiaf.a md;a;rhg weh tÈk wdydr
ms<s.kajoa§ wE foi l=;=y,fhka fuka n,d iskdiS" Wfoa lEfuka miq
Wkajykafia yuqùug meñfKk f,i oekaù h' ta wkqj" wef.a mshd ;mdhs
o legqj iqmqreÿ wä mdr Èf.a uqka uy f;reka isá ;djld,sl wdrduhg
.sfha h' wehg l=ula ksid taug oekajQfha oehs Tyq oek fkd isáfha h'
m%Yakh l=ula úh yels o@ Ndjkd ld,fha § kskao hEu ksid" ;mdhs
,Êcdfjka ksy~j mshd miqmi .uka l<d h' weh f,dl= yduqÿrejkag
fudkjd lshkako@ we;af;ka u Wka jykafia weh .ek wi;=gg m;a fõ
hhs wehg is;=Ks' jfrl" wehg ieÕfjkakg is;=Ks' kuq;a ieÕfjkafka
fld;ekl o" flfia o lshd jegySula wehg fkd ;snqKs' wdrKHfha l=á
ixlS¾Kh fj; we;=¨ jQ ú.i u" weh fudkjdfoda ;u mshdg uquqKd
lshd" j;=r f.k tau i|yd we<g f.dia isá ldka;djkag Woõ §u i|yd
Èj .shd h' ;ksju tk ;fidka ÿgq wdpd¾h uqka mqÿu ù ;mdhs .ek
úuiqfõ h' túg ;fidka l,n, ù" Èh we< wi, isá ;mdhs fidhdf.k
ú;a ysñ bÈßhg meuqKqfõ h'
Nfhka ;e;s .;a ;mdhs wdpd¾h uqka f;reka isá ;ekg oK .d

f.dia ;=ka jrla je| jegqKd h' túg u" wehg yqiaula j;a .kakg
bv fkd§ wef.ka" —fldfyduo Bfha rd;%s ld,fha Tfí Ndjkdj @˜ hs
úuiqfõ h'
—lsis jevla keye iajdóks" ñks;a;= myf<djla ú;r —nqoafOda˜ lshk

jpkh lsh lshd ysáhdg miafia ug f;areKd uf.a ys; .eUqre <s|lg
jegqKd jdf.a' Bg miafi ug kskao .shd' uq¿ rd;%sfha u uu isysk ne¨jd'
Wfoa mdkaor weyereKdg miafi" ug uf.a Ndjkdj tmd jqKd' ;du;a
uf.a ys; lvd jeá,d' uu W;aidy .kafka keye lsh,d" Tn jykafia
ug nkshs lsh,d" uu Nh jqKd'˜ hkqfjka nhdÿ y~lska ,Êcdfjka weUß
weUÍ ms<s;=re ÿkakd h'
wehg ijka ÿka wdpd¾h uqka ysñ" y~k.d iskdiS" —Tn fldfyduo
ksod .;af;@ lreKdlr,d ug lshkakfld'˜ hs Rcq j u wef.ka b,a,d
isáfha h'
weh isÿjQ ish,a, mejiQ miq Wka jykafia uy yçka iskdiqKy'

wef.a l;dfjka w;sYfhka i;=gq jQ wdpd¾h uqka ysñfhda fufia mejiQy'
—ta kskaola fkdfjhs' Tn isysk oelal;a fkdfjhs' Tn w;a ÿgqfõ

iudêh lshd y÷kajk tla ;eklg meñKs isf;a Ydka; ;;aFjh hs' fïl
fyd|ska u;l ;shd .kak' Tn isyskhla hhs is;=fõ" tald.%;djhlg

meñKs .eUqre iudêfha laIKsl j mek k.sk o¾Ykhla' fï jdf.a w;a
oelSï u;=jg;a we;sjqfKd;a l,n, fjkafk ke;=j" tajd we;sfjkak
bv yßkak' tajd .ek Nh fjkakj;a lkiai,a,g m;a fjkakj;a wjYH
keye' Tng Nh fjkak fohla keye' kuq;a fyd| l,amkdfjka" Ndjkd
lrk wjia:dfõ fudkjd isÿjqK;a" ta .ek fyd| isysfhka wjOdkfhka
bkak' uu fu;ek Ôj;a j bkakd l,a Tng wk;=rla fjkafk keye'
yenehs oeka b|,d Ndjkd lrk fldg Tn olsk ish¨ o¾Yk .ek úia;r"
lreKdlr,d ug weú;a lshkak'˜
f.dúfhl= Tyqf.a l=Uqr j.d lrkjd fiau

Tn Tfí uki o j.d lrkak'
l%ul%ufhka fmdf<dj Y=oaO lrkak'
mi ilia lrkak' ,shÈ n|skak'
îc jmqrkak' fmdfydr fhdokak'
f.dhï me<j,g j;=r n|skak'
j,a me<Eá W.=,kak' wjidkfha" Tn rkajka wiajekakla fk<d .kakjd we;'
u,afnß jÿ,
fjfyi ù jevm< lrñka ;mdhs ye§ jeã ;u kj fhdjqka ld,h

.; l<d h' weh iajNdjfhka u ffO¾h iïmkak Yla;su;a .eyekshls'
lsisjl=f.a n, mEula fyda Wkkaÿ lsÍula fyda fkdue;s j weh l<hq;=
jev fidhd n,d wdrïN fldg ksu l<d h' tla jirl wiajekak fk<d"
ù wdrlaIs; j .nvd l< miq weh b;d Wkkaÿfjka u,afnß j.djla
wdrïN l<d h'
mQ ;dhs .ïudkfha jeisfhda mgmKqjka j¾Okh lsÍfï úfYaI{fhda

jQy' Tjqyq mg mKqjkaf.a ms,d fldaIhkaf.ka ,nd.kakd wuq mg kQ,aj,ska
kQ,a ilid frÈ úùu i|yd m%fhdackhg .;s' u,afnß fld<" mgmKqjdf.a
m%Odk wdydrh fõ' u,afnß .fia f.ä bÿKq miq" tajdfha fld< lmd"
m<,a j iy fldgg iE¥ l+vj, mgmKqjka rdYshla iuÕ w;=rhs' u,afnß
j.dj wdodhï ,eìh yels ud¾.hla neõ o" th wu;r Ôjfkdamdhla nj
o weh oek isáhd h'
mgmKq j.dj .ek" weh úia;r oek.;af;a wehf.a l=vïudf.ks'

wehg oeka wjYH jQfha wehf.a u iajdëk jQ u,afnß fld< jHdmD;shla
wdrïN lsÍuhs' ;mdhs ;u mjqf,a l=Uqre iSudjg hdno jkfha" úYd, l÷
wdYS¾jdoh ( u,afnß jÿ, 31
.eghla wdikak ìï fldgila fuu u,afnß j.djg iqÿiq nj oel" b;d

Wkkaÿfjka tu bvu t<s fmfy<s l<d h' b;du;a W;aidyhlska iy
lemùulska" weh .ia fld<ka lmd Y=oaO fldg fmdf<dj j.djg iqÿiq
mßÈ ilia l<d h' tfia ilia l< N+ñfhys weh u,afnß me, frdamKh
l<d h' bvu wjg ;snQ úYd, .ia" ;o wjqfjka me< wdrlaId lf<a h'
;mdhs" u,afnß me< uq,a w,a,k ;=re j.dj /l n,d .;a;d h' u,afnß
j.dfõ .ia fïrE miq" mgmKqjka fnda lsÍug wE ie,iqï l<d h'
jeä ojila hEug l,ska" wdpd¾h uqka f;reka jykafia" <Õ tk

jia ld,fha jia úiSu i|yd iqÿiq ;ekla fidhk nj" ;mdhs .ïjdiSka
f.ka oek .;a;d h' Wka jykafiag wjYH j ;snqfKa" m<,a jQ Wia N+ñhl"
>kj jevqKq .ia fld<ka fkdue;s" ysre t<sh jefgk fmfoils' §¾>
jQ fudaiï iq<x iys; jeis ld,fha fmdf<dfõ f;;ukh" jeä ld,hla
r|d mj;sk fyhska ysre t<sh jefgk fldgila iqÿiq nj" Wka jykafia
meyeÈ,s lr we;' th lK jegqKq ;mdhs yg laIKslj is;g keÕ=fKa"
wehf.a u,afnß j.d N+ñh Bg iqÿiq bvula njhs' th" l=Uqre hdhg by<ska
msysá l÷ .eghlg hdnoj msysá bvuls' jeys j;=r myiqfjka my<g .,d
hk bvuls' l=Uqre yryd yuk iq<Õ" f;;ukh fõ,d iqjodhl isis,la
we;s lrjhs' u,afnß j.dj i|yd t<sl< bvu" NslaIQka yg wjYH l=á
iE§ug iqÿiq nj;a" yqol,dj úiSug wjg úYd, .ia m%fhdack jkq we;s
nj;a wehg jegyqKs'
;u mshd iy ifydaorhka iu. fï .ek idlÉPd l< ;mdhs" ;u

bvfï iqÿiq kqiqÿiq Ndjh fidhd ne,Sug jäk f,i wdpd¾h uqka iajdóka
jykafiag wdrdOkd l<d h' bvu iy wjg mßirh .ek Wka jykafia
i;=g m, lroa§" weh m%S;sfhka u| isky md" fuu bvu Wka jykafiag
mQcd lrk nj;a" wehg wkqlïmdfjka fuu bvu Ndr f.k tys jia
jik f,ig;a wdrdOkd lsÍug iQodkï jQjd h' kuq;a weh ta nj lSug
lg weÍug m%:u" Wka jykafia u,afnß j.dfõ ta jk úg /iaj isá
.ïjdiSkag wefik fia" <Õ tk jia iufha l=vd wdrKHhla bÈ lsÍug
fuu bvu b;du iqÿiq nj Yío k.d mejiS h'
weh ìrdka; j n,d isáhd h' ish,a, wef.a isf;a yeáhg u isÿ jQ
fyhska wehg l;d lsÍug mjd wu;l úh' wdpd¾h uqka f;reka ;mdhs
foig yeÍ iuÉp,hg fuka iskdiqfKa h' wef.a yoj;g wkqj u,afnß
f.duqj oekgu;a Wka jykafiag mQcd ù yudr h' fofokdu ta nj okS'
b;sßj we;af;a idïm%odhsl f,i Ndr §uhs' weh jydu Wka jykafia
bÈßfha oK .id" ;=ka jrla fomd je|" fuu bvï lene,a, ;u mjqf,a wh
lrk mQcdjla f,i i,lk f,i ne.Em;a j b,a,d isáhd h' uqka f;reka
jykafia ysi i,d leue;a; m%ldY fldg mska wkqfudaoka l<y' fï msk
fya;= fldgf.k weh fï wd;aufha ÿmam;a fkdjk nj o wkqYdikdfõ
§ lshejqKs'
wdpd¾h uqka ysñf.a kj wimqfõ ku —jÜ fkdx fkdx˜ úh' fuu

ku wi, l=vd ú,l kulska Wmqgd .;af;ls' ;mdhsf.a mshd uQ,sl j" .ï
jeisfhda blaukska wdrKHh bÈ lsÍfï jev wdrïN l<y' l=vd .ia lmñka"
brñka" WK nïnq m<ñka" kdhl ysñ we;=¿ NslaIQka jykafia,dg l=á bÈ
l<y' jÜ fkdx fkdx wdrKHfhys" wdpd¾h uqka ysñ iu. jia úiSug
wjir ,enqfKa fodf<dia kulg muKs' ldï pd B Èia;%slalfha úisÍ ;snQ
tla tla .ïudk wdY%s; j" jia jeiSu i|yd NslaIQka l=vd lKavdhïj,g
fnod msg;a lr yeßfha h' wdpd¾h uqka ysñ" ;u YsIHhka ys;d u;d u jÜ
fkdx fkdx wdrKHhg jeä ÿr;a fkdjk" <Õ;a fkdjk ;ekaj,g msg;a
lr yeßh o" Tjqkf.a O¾u .eg¨ úi|d .ekSug Wka jykafia fj; taug
yels ÿrlska Tjqka /|ù h' fndfyda fokd tl ;ek isàu Ndjkd mqyqKqjg
kqiqÿiq fyhska fuu l%uh jvd;a Y=Nodhl úh'
;Kfld< fiú,s l< l=á ;rula l=vd jqj;a m%Odk Yd,dj mkia
fokl=g yeg fokl=g tl jr jdä ù isàug yels jk fia bÈ úh'
i;r fmdfydh Èkj, fuu Yd,dfõ m%d;sfudalaI YS,h foaYkd lrk
neúka" th Y%jKh lsÍug fjk;a ia:dkj,ska o NslaIQka talrdYS jk ksid
;rula f,dl= Yd,djla wjYH úh' tksid .ïjdiSka Yla;su;a ,S fldg
lmd brd ilia fldg nd,al" mrd, i|yd o" wä y;rla Wiska bÈfjk
f.dvke.s,af,a w;a;sjdru i|yd o mdúÉÑ l<y' fufia Tijd bÈlsÍu
wjYH jQfha" uy jeis ksid tl;=jk c,fhka wdrlaId ùu i|yd h'
jia iudoka jk m<uqjk Èkfha mej;s wd.ñl /iaùug meñKs

;mdhs" Yd,dfõ fldkl jdä ù isáhd h' Wia wiqkl jdäù isá wdpd¾h
uqka ysñ .ïjdiSka weu;S h' Yd,dj msÍ ;snqK fyhska" bka msg; o meÿre
t,d fndfyda fokd jdä ù isáhy' wdpd¾h uqka ysñ uq,ska u oka §fï
wdksYxi foaYkd l<y' ;mdhsf.a yoj; m%S;sfhka mskd .sfha h' fuu
bvu weh mQcd l< fyhska" wo jeks Èklg iyNd.s ùug yels ùu" wE ,o
Nd.Hhla fia i,ld wE i;=gq jQjd h'
wd;au mß;Hd.fhka fok odkfha w.h Wka jykafia Wia jQ" foork
y~lska jgyd ÿkafka h' wka whf.a m%fhdackh i|yd" lsisjla wdmiq
n,dfmdfrd;a;= fkd fjñka" fkdñf,a fok odkh uy;a M, uydksixi
neõ mejiS h' tu oka §fï fya;=fjka wdOHd;añl iqjh" ;u yoj; ;=<
m<uqj cks; jk l=i,hhs' oka §ug we;s hym;a fÉ;kdj ffO¾hj;a
lrkqfha" yoj;hs' l=i,a kue;s îc jmqrkafka yoj; nj;a" wiajekak
fk<d .kafka yoj; nj;a Wkajykafia meyeÈ,s l<y' odkh wkd.;h
i|yd lrk wdfhdackhla nj;a" iq.;.dó W;am;a;shlg wä;d,ula nj;a
jeä ÿrg;a mejiSh'
bkamiq Wka jykafia w¾: oelajQfha YS,fha wdksYxihs' hym;a

ñksfil= ùfï Y%oaOdfjka mxpYS,h iudokaùfuka wdksYxi ,efnk
nj lSfõh' tla tla is,a moh úfYaIs; úmdl f.k fohs' i;=kag ysxid
lsÍfuka je<lSfuka" ksfrda.s iqjh iy §¾>dhq n,dfmdfrd;a;= úh
yel' wka i;= fohla fidrlï lsÍfuka je<lSfuka" wmf.a Okh iy
foafmd, wdrlaId fõ' lduh jrojd yeisÍfuka je<lSfuka" wUqieñhka
wfkHdakH úYajdifhka Ôj;a fjñka" ,Êcd Nfhka f;dr ;Dma;su;a
Èúhla f.ùug yels fõ' fndre lSfuka je<lSfuka" wka wh wm flfrys
yeul,ays u úYajdih ;nkq we;' wmf.a wjxl;ajhg .re lrkq we;'
ryfur mdkfhka je<lSfuka" wmf.a nqoaêh wdrlaId lr .ekSug yels
fõ' m%fndaOj;a kqjKe;af;l= f,i iudch bÈßfha isàug yelsjkq we;'
kqjKe;a;ka myiqfjka uq<d lsÍug fyda fkdu. heùug fkdyel' YS,fha
mßmQ¾K nj rlsk we;af;da" wka wh o Wkkaÿ lrj;s' YS,h wfkHdakH
úYajdih f.dvk.k nj;a" ieye,a¨ Èú fmj;l i;=g ú|sh yels nj;a
ish¨ i;a;ajhkag iy;sl fõ' YS,h wdrlaId lsÍfï iy wkqn, §fï

n,h" by< ;,hkays Wm; ,eîug fya;= jk fyhska Wiia YS,hka rlsk
wh urKska u;= ÈjHf,dalhkays WmÈk nj iaÓr h'
YS,fha M, úmdl f;areï lrfok w;r u" Ndjkdj uy;a M,

uydksYxi f.kfok nj o wdpd¾h uqka jeäÿrg;a jgyd ÿKs' uq¿
úYajfha u we;s jákdu jia;=j yoj;hs' tfiau flfkl=f.a fN!;sl yd
wdOHd;añl Y=Nisoaêh r|d mj;skafka yoj; ukdj ilia lr.;fyd;a
muKs' flfkl= Ôj;a jkafka yoj; ksid nj Wka jykafia mejiS h'
Ôú;hl iEySulg m;a ùu iy fkdùu hk wjia:d folu w;aolskqfha
yoj; ;=<sks' flfkl= uefroa§ Tyq fjka jkafka yoj; ksid h' flfkl=
kej; bmfok úg" tfia WmÈkafka yoj; m%Odk fya;=j fldg.;a l¾u
Yla;sh ksid h' yeu fohlg fya;=j yoj; neúka tu yoj; ksjerÈj
mqyqKq l< hq;= fõ' Tyqf.a j¾;udk yeisÍu iy wkd.; yeisÍu
Y=Nodhl tfiau m%;sM,odhl jkqfha" yoj; ksishdldr j mqyqKq l<fyd;a
muKs' yoj; ksishdldr j mqyqKq l< yelafla Ndjkdj ;=<sks' wixjr
is;sú,s md,kh lsÍu i|yd Ndjkdj Wmfhda.S lr .ksñka" wdOHd;añl
ikais£ulg" ksi, Ndjhlg wä;d,ula oeñh yel'
B<Õ udi ;=k ;=< § u" ;mdhs Ndjkdj i|yd oeä wêIaGdkhlska
hq;=j l%shd l<d h' wdpd¾h uqka f;reka jykafia flfrys we;s oeä
Nla;sh;a" Ndjkd jeä ÈhqKq lr .ekSu i|yd Wkajykafiaf.ka ,enqKq
m%{djka; wkqYdikd;a fya;= fldg wef.a mqyqKqj blauKska ÈhqKq úh'
W;am;a;sfhka u úúO o¾Yk oelSug;a udkisl ixisoaëka w;aú£ug;a
keUqre ù isá ;mdhs" iEu rd;%shl § u iudê Ndjkdfõ §" wmQ¾j woaN+;
isoaëka w;a ÿgqjd h'
W;am;a;sfhka weh Wreu lr .;a l=i,;d y÷kd f.k isá" wdpd¾h

uqka ysñ" wE .ek úfYaI wjOdkhla fhduq lf<a h' iEu rd;%shl § u"
Ndjkdfõ fh§ isáñka" Wka jykafiaf.a ú[a[dK Odrdj" wE fj; fhduq
fldg tjlg wef.a ukfia ;;aFjh úuid n,kafkah' tksid" wef.a
Ndjkduh w;aoelSï Wkajykafia ks;ru oek isáfial' wE Ndjkdfõ
ksr;j isáh §" wE uqyqK fok úfYaIs; wjia:djla jqjfyd;a" miq Èk

Wkajykafia yuqùug wdrKHhg meñfKk f,i wehg mKsúv heù h'
wdpd¾h uqka f;rKqfjda iy iÕ msßi" iEu Èkl u ysre ke.

ál fõ,djlg miq msKavmd;h i|yd .ug jä;s' ta yeu Èkl u
Wkajykafiaf.a md;a;rhg wdydr fnoSfï wjia:dj wE ysñlr .;a;S h'
oka fn§u i|yd .ï jdiSyq Tjqfkdjqkaf.a ms<sfh, lr .;a wdydr /f.k"
fmda,sug isg .;af;da h' ;mdhs o ta w;r isg f.k" wdpd¾h uqka yssñ odkh
ms<s.ksñka ;ud <Õg tk ;=re fkdbjis,su;a j isáhd h' msKavmd;h
i|yd jäoa§" Wka jykafia flfkl= yd l;d lf<a l,d;=rlsks' kuq;a
;mdhsf.a Ndjkdfõ m%.;shla fmr Èk rd;%sfha oel" weh oka ms<s.kajoa§"
wdrduhg wjq;a" odkh je<÷jdg miq Wkajykafia yuqjk f,i wehg
oekajQfha h' tÈk" Woh f.fjoa§ wehf.a mjqf,a wh iu. weh wdrduhg
.shd h' wdpd¾h uqka yg wef.a wiajdNdúl w;aoelSï lshoa§" wdrdufha
wfkla NslaIQyq wehg weyqïlka §ug frdla jQy' wrEm f,dal .ek wehf.a
l;d iy tajd .ek wdpd¾hhka jykafia fok Wmfoia weiSug Tjqyq
Wkkaÿjla oelajQy'
wdpd¾h uqka ysñ jykafia wehg wkqlïmdfjka" wef.a úia;rd;aul

l;d wid isáfha h' wef.a ukig Wmam;a;sfhka u úúO ixisoaëka yd
Rcq j" ks¾NS; j tfuka u fõ.fhka iïnkaO ùug yelshdjla ;snQ neõ
wdpd¾h uqka ia:úrhka oek isáfha h' tu yelshdjka idudkH wfhl=g
jgyd .ekSug wmyiq úh' fujka lreKq .ek" wdpd¾h uqka ia:úrhka
jykafiaf.a w;s uy;a jQ oekqï iïNdrh iy w;aoelSï" ;mdhsyg wjYH
wjjdo §ug m%fhdackj;a úh' jeä l,a fkd f.dia .=rejrhd iy YsIHdj
w;r oeä wdOHd;aul ne£ula j¾Okh úh' ;mdhs" wdpd¾h uqka f;reka
jykafia flfrys oelajQfha uy;a jQ Nla;shls' Wka jykafiaf.a ld,h iy
weh flfrys oela jQ wjOdkh" ta whqßka ,nd .ekSug weh jdikdjka;
jQjd hhs wehg jegyqKs'
jiaidk ld,h ksu fj;a u" tla Èkl wdpd¾h uqka ysñf.ka"
wdrKHhg tk f,ig wehg mKsúvhla ,enqKs' ta wkqj weh Wkajykafia
yuqùug meñKs úg" Oq;dx.OdÍ NslaIQka tla ;ekl fkdisg pdßldfõ
fhfok nj;a" ;j ál Èklska Wkajykafia,d o" tfia fjk;a m%foaYhlg

jäk nj;a oekaùh' wdpd¾h uqka ysñ" ;mdhs yg tfia okajd" ;u weia
neñ jgl=re jkfia Tijd" u| iskyjla mdñka" wehg fmïjf;la isà
oehs úuiqfõ h' ;mdhs ysi jkd ,Êcdfjka tfia ke;s nj yefÕõjd h'
Wkajykafia o ysi i,d th ms<sf.k" wehg .sysf.ka kslaó iqÿ j;a y|sk
is,a ud;djla f,i iiqka.; ù" Wka jykafia,d iuÕ" weh leu;s kï
pdßldfõ fhÈh yels neõ" fhdackd lf<a h' kuq;a ;u mshdf.a leue;a;
m<uqfjka .; hq;= neõ o wehg oekaù h'
f;reka jykafia l< fhdackdfjka ord.; fkdyels jQ i;=glska

weh f.d¿ jQjd h' wE Wka jykafia foi úu;sfhka n,d isáhd h' Wka
jykafia o" ksy~j wE foi n,d isáñka ms<s;=rla n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQjd h'
.eUqre iqiqula fy<Sug fjr orñka" ms<s;=re §ug Bg iqÿiq jpk fidhñka"
f.d; .iñka" wE iiqka.; ù Wka jykafia iu. Oq;dx. pdßldfõ hEug
leu;s kuq;a mshd Bg lsisfia;a bv fkd fok nj mejiqjd h' wehg
n,dfmdfrd;a;= we;slrjk iskyjlska ysi ieÆ uqka ysñ weh ksjig
msg;a lr yeßfha h'
;mdhs f.a mshd tu fhdackdj .ek lsisÿ Wkkaÿjla fkd oelajQfha

h' Tyq wehg iiqka.; ùug wjir fkd ÿkafka h' hï fyhlska Tyqf.a
ÈhKsh iqÿ is,a we÷ï yer oud" kej; .sys Ôú;hg meñKsh fyd;a wehg
iajdñfhla fiùu wudre ld¾hhla jk neúka" Tyq thg ìh úh' idudkH
.sys Ôú;fha isg wd.ñl j;dj;ays ksr; fjñka" tu i;=fgka iEySulg
m;a jkakehs Tyq wef.ka b,a,d isáfha h'
mshdf.a ms<s;=r ;ud l,ska okakd nj wÕjk iskyjlska wdpd¾h

uqka ysñ" wehg bjiSfuka isák f,i;a" wehf.a kshñ; fj,dj meñfKk
nj;a lshd" wehj Wkkaÿ lf<a h' ta w;r u Wkajykafia" .fuka msgj hoa§
ÿka wjjdo weh ms<smeÈh hq;= njo oekajQfha h' ;ud pdßldfõ msg;aj .sh
miq" Ndjkd mqyqKqj iïmQ¾Kfhka kj;d oeñh hq;= hhs wdpd¾h uqka ysñ
wehg oeä f,i wjjdo lf<a h' oekg idudkH ck Ôú;fha lghq;=j,
ksr; jkakehs jeäÿrg;a lS h' iqÿiq fõ,dj meñKs miq wehg kej;
Ndjkd mqyqKqjg wjia:dj t<fUkq we;ehs myod ÿkafka h' wkd.;fha
Bg iqÿiqlï we;s fjk;a lïuÜGdkdpd¾hhka jykafia kula jäk nj;a"

Wka jykafia wehj ksjerÈ ud¾.hg fhduq lrjk nj;a mejiS h' tf;la
bjid isák f,i wjidk jYfhka lS h'
;mdhsf.a uki iajNdjfhka u w;sOdjk l%shdYS,S tlla neõ

wdpd¾h uqka ysñ oek isáfha h' wehg wdrlaId iys; j is; md,kh
lr .ksñka ;ksj u Ndjkd mqyqKqj lrf.k hEu W.yg h' w;r u.
hï wjdikdjka; ;;ajhlg weh uqyqK ÿkfyd;a" wehg wjia:dkql+, j
wjjdo §ug Wka jykafia wE iómfha fkdue;s ùu" wehg krlla úh
yels fyhsks' weh ys;=ukdfma Ndjkd lghq;= lrf.k .shfyd;a wehj
md,kh lsÍug olaI lugyka wdpd¾hjrfhla wjYH jkq we;' tfia ke;s
jqjfyd;a wehg jkafka úYd, ydkshls' fuu lreKq ksid Wka jykafia
msgj .sh miq Ndjkd fkdlrk yeáhg wehg wjjdo ÿkafka h'
fuu oeä ;ykug fya;=j ;mdhs fkd oek isáh o" wdpd¾h uqka ysñ
flfrys uy;a f.!rjhla oelajQjd h' tksid weh wef.a Ndjkd mqyqKqj
jyd u kj;d oeóh' Ndjkdj È.gu lrf.k hEug wehg ;on, wdYdjla
;snqK o" th kj;d oeófuka ;u mmqj me<Shd oehs ielhla o wE ;=<
we;s úh'
weh Ndjkd mqyqKqj kej; wdrïN lrkqfha jir úiailg miqj h'
Tfí lh
Tfí is; Tfí Ôú;h - fï oE
Tng whs;s ke;'
tksid i;H jQ m%S;shla iqjhla
i|yd fï oE .ek
úYajdihla fkd ;nkak'
fl<jrla ke;s jevm<
wdpd¾h uqka ysñ tu m%foaYfhka kslau .sh miq ;mdhsf.a Ôú;h

miqnEulg m;aù ksy~ yqol,djlg fmr<sKs' yd;ami me;sr ;snQ wef.a
i;=g yd m%fndaOh" Ndjkdj kej;+ miq uqükska u w;=reoyka úh'
W;am;a;sfhka u ,ÊcdYS,s pß;hla ysñ ;mdhs" iudc lghq;=j, kshe<Sug
fm<UqfKa ke;' ta fjkqjg wef.a iïmQ¾K ld,h f.a fodr jevm<
i|yd fhfoõjd h'
wef.a oE;a ks;ru ld¾h nyq, úh' wef.a YÍrh ks;ru l%shdYS,S
úh' wE lmq j.d l<d h' iqÿ mdáka lmq msreKq f.ä" /f.k ú;a" tajd
mSrñka láñka" >k kQ,a idod îr¿j, t;=jd h' miqj weh tajdhska frÈ
úùu wdrïN l<d h' wE wjßh me< ^bkaäf.df*dard& isgqjd tajd lmd ;,d
ñßld ;o ks,a mdg hqI tl;= fldg" úhd ksu l< frÈj,g j¾K fmõjd
h' frÈ úhk hka;%h <Õ meh .Kkla mg kQ,a fl|s fjka lrñka" frÈ
úùfï ksr; fjñka jdä ù isáhd h' miqj tu frÈ b;d iQlaIu j lmd
idh yeÜg uid o¾YkSh mdg fhdod yev jev l<d h' mg mKqjka fnda
lsÍu u,a fnß j.dj weh È.ska È.g u lrf.k .shd h' .ïudkfha
fjfyilr nr jev lsÍfï § we|sh yels" we÷ï úùu i|yd weh wuq mg
kQ,a ilia l<d h'
wdYS¾jdoh ( fl<jrla ke;s jevm< 39
ng m;=re yd fl|sj,ska u¨ iE§ug wE ;=< ;snQ lD;yia;Ndjh o

weh iudchg fy<s l<d h' WK nïnq m;=re yd ng fl|sj,ska l,a mj;sk
úúO udÈ,sfha .uka u¨ fkdfhla yev jev oud ilia l<d h' tfuka u
isks÷ mq¿ka Tínjd wE fldÜg fuÜg wdÈh uid ksu l<d h' óg wu;rj
YS; ld,hg we|sh yels f,dñka l< we÷ï o wE ueiqjd h' l,la we|" bÍ
ÿ¾j¾K jQ merKs we÷ï kej; iQlaIu j w¨;ajeähd fldg ilia l<d
h' le,Ej, jefjk wk¾> m,d j¾. wE ÿgq muKska ke;fyd;a iqj|ska
y÷kd .;a;d h' wE jkdka;rfha oji mqrd weúo lEug iqÿiq m,d j¾.
tfuka u T!IO j¾. f;dard fidhd .;a;dh' ijia jk úg wE /f.k .sh
l+vh mqrjd f.or f.kdjd h' tfia f.kd le,E m,d j¾. isyska f,i
,shd w, j¾. iuÕ ud¿ fyda uia fyda lE,s uqiq j" úúOdldrfhka Whd
iïmQ¾K lEu fõ,la ilia lsÍug weh olaI jQjd h'
;mdhsf.a nyqúO olaI;d .ek wdrxÑ me;sfr;a u" mQ ;dhs .ïudkh

foi fndfyda fofkl=f.a wjOdkh fhduq úh' ;reKshla i;= idïm%odhsl
olaI;d fndfyda fokdf.a m%Yxidjg ,la úh' Tjqyq l=i,;d mßmQ¾K
ukd,shka f,i wjg f,dalhd ie,l+y' Bg wu;r j weh iqúfYaI
,laIKhkaf.ka iukaú; jQjd h' YÍr Yla;sh" úYajdikSh nj" idïm%odhsl
pdß;% jdß;%hka .re fldg iq/lSu" iy jeäysáhkag we;s .re;ajh ta
úfYaIs; pß; ,laIKhkaf.ka iuyfrls'
fuu wdrxÑ me;sfr;a u jeä l,a hkakg u;af;ka újdy

wfmalaIlhka tkakg mgka .;af;a h' thska tla ;reKfhla wE .ek
úfYaI ie,ls,a,la oelajQfha h' Tyq hdno .ul wehg jvd wjqreoaolska
jhiska wvq nqkaud kue;af;ls' Tyq ;mdhsf.a foudmshka fï .ek Wkkaÿ
lrùug fkdfhla whqßka ;e;a lf<a h' fï jk úg;a wdpd¾h uqka ysñf.a
.=reyrelï .ek ;Èka u meye§ isá weh" fm%au iïnkaO;d .ek fyda
újdyh .ek fyda lsisÿ Wkkaÿjla fkd oelaù h' kuq;a wehf.a foudmshka
nqkaudf.a fhdackdjg leue;a; ÿka miq" thg úfrdaOh mEug wE iQodkï
fkd ù h' ta jk úg Bg úreoaO ùug o lsisÿ bv lvla fkd ù h' Woa.; ù
we;s lreKq foi n,oa§ f,!lsl Ôú;fha fuu me;slv ms<sn|" foudmshka
fjkqfjka ie,ls,a,la oelaúh hq;= hhs ;mdhsg yeÕ=Ks'
jeys ld,h wdrïN fjoa§" oy y;a yeúßÈ ;mdhs" mQ ;dhs újdy

pdß;%dkql+, j nqkaud iuÕ újdy úh' pdß;%dkql+, j weh wef.a iajdñ
mqreIhdf.a {d;Ska iu. mÈxÑhg .shd h' tu ksji" ;u foudmshkf.a
ksjfia isg jeä ÿrla fkdù h' weh mÈxÑhg .sh tu {d;s ksji oejj,ska
iE¥ ;Kfld< ñáj,ska uqÿka jy, jeiQ úYd, ksjils' fï ksjfia o
weh mjqf,a nd,hd jQ fyhska" ksfjfia tÈfkod jevm<j, jeä nr wehg
Wiq,kakg isÿúh'
;mdhsf.a ld¾hY+r oeä iajNdjh ljo;a fkdfjkia j mej;=k

fyhska" nr jev u. yeÍug wef.a is; bv fkd ÿKs' kuq;a nqkaud wksla
wh jev lroa§ kslrefKa l;d lr lr ieye,a¨fjka úfkdaofhka l,a
.; lsÍug m%sh l< flfkls' l=Uqf¾ me< isgqùug" wiajekak fk<Sug
l=,shg .ekSu Tyqf.a isß; úh' ;u ìß| tla ,shoaol fjfyfiñka jev
lroa§" wksla ,shoafoa jev lrk fl,a,ka iu. úfkdao fjñka" wd,
nia fodvñka" oji .; lf<a h' iuyr úgl Tjqka iu. ;mdhs .ek
ryfia ´md ¥m o l;d lf<a h' weh fï ieu bjid ord isáhd h' ;mdhs
B¾Idfjka tlg tl lrkq we;ehs Tyq n,dfmdfrd;a;= jkakg we;' kuq;a
Tyqf.a wúpdru;a yeisÍu .ek lsisÿ fjkila olajkafka ke;sj" ksy~j
;u jefvys fhÿKd h'
újdyfhka miq mÈxÑhg meñKs w¨;a ksjfia oyil=;a tlla jevj,

ksula ke;s úh' ;reK ìß|la yeáhg wdydr b÷ï ysgqï wd§ fl<jrla
ke;s jev wef.a lrmsg mejrefKa h' bre ke.Sug fmr bámkaoï t<sfhka
ojfia jevm< wE wdrïN lrkakS h' wÕ=re wiqrd we;s ;ekska wÕ=re
f.k or iu. ,sm .sks fud,jd iq<x .iñka ;o .skaor wjq¿jd .kakS
h' Ndckhl j;=r WKq lr bka u;=fjk yqud,h fla;=jl yevhg ;ekQ
f.dgqjl nydÆ iy,a w;rg hjd ojfia n; ;ïnd .kakS h' uq¨ ojig u
wjYH wdydr WoEik tljr wE msi .;a;d h' wehg;a wef.a iajdñhdg;a
;=ka fõ,g u m%udKj;a wdydr msi .kakd w;r ;j;a wuq;af;l=g fyda
fofofkl=g o wjYH wdydr iQodkï lr ;enqjd h'
ksji msgqmi i;aj f.dúfmd<la o úh' i;=kag wjYH lEu j;=r

ilia lr §u o weh bgq l< ;j;a ld¾hhls' ksjig c,h imhd .ekSuo
ÿIalr lreKla úh' .ïjdiSka ;u ksfjiaj,g c,h imhd .;af;a ;ekska
;ek bÈ l< fmdÿ <sxj,ska h' ish¨ .ï jeisfhda" tu <sxj,ska j;=r weo
Ndck mqrjd lol ne| ;u ksfjia lrd lfrka f.k h;s' lSm jdrhla
fufia j;=r f.k f.dia" ;u ksfjiaj, ;kd .;a úYd, ueá Ndckj,
wiqrd .kS' fuu c,h" îug" msiSug" fia§ug" kEug wd§ ksjfia iEu
wjYH;djhlg u m%fhdackhg .ks;s'
.fï ck Ôú;h f.dú;ek yd noaO jQjls' tfiau wiajekak jeiai

u; r|d mj;S' jeiai jif¾ ld,.=Ksl úm¾hdihka u; r|d mj;S' jeiai
Y=N ksñ;a;la f,i ie,l+y' jeiai ksñ;s fldg úúO úYajdihka u;
W;aij o mj;aj;s' flfia jqj;a" jeiai ck Ôú;fha fndfyda lghq;=j,
wdrïNhhs' ckhdf.a Y%u Yla;sh Wr.d n,kafka jreidfõ wdrïNh;a
iu.sks' m<uqjk uy jeiafika fmdf<dj f;uqKq miq tkï uehs udih
uq, § f.dúfhda iS iEu wdrïN lr;s' oejeka; ó yrla fcdavqjla úh
.ilska iïnkaO fldg ,Sfhka ;ekQ k.=,lska by<g my<g lSm jdrhla
f.k f.dia fmdf<dj ilia lr;s' fmdf<dj uv lsÍu i|yd o Wka fufia
olalñka ,shÈ ilia lr .ks;s' óg fmr l=vd Èh mdrj,a m%fhdackhg
.ksñka ;ukag wjYH f.dhï me< ;jka lr .ks;s' me< isgjk ld,h
meñKs úg" yeu l,lg u rÕ olajk k¾;khlg iQodkï jkakd fia
ldka;dfjda rgdjlg fma<s iE§ me< isgqj;s' fï f.ú,sfhda my;g keó"
miafika miaig hñka f.dhï me< isgqj;s'
jeis iuh ;=<§ wjg .ïudk mßirh wuq;=u isßhdjla f.k ÿKs'
wE;g úys§ hk fldgq fldgq ,shÈ jeysnr wyi uq¿ m%foaYh u f;;ukfhka
hq;= iqkaor mßirhlg mßj¾;kh lrhs' fmak f;la udkfha l÷ jeá
w;súYd, WK m÷rej,ska .yK h' fkd lvjd yef,k ysß fmdo jeiai
fmdf<dfõ iajNdjh ojiska oji fjkia lrhs' j;=frka msreKq ,shÈ
mqrd fma<shg isgjQ f.dhï me< wuq;=u iqkaor;ajhla mßirhg tla lrhs'
Woh ld,h Ydka; h' ;rul WKqiqula o tla lf<a h' ijia ld,h mgka
.ksoa§ f.ïnkaf.a y~ o fmdl=Kq woaor fldl=ka f.a y~ o uq¿ mßirh

mqrd weiqKs'
tla tla jeis ld,h werfUoa§ ;mdhsf.a is;g ixldjla we;s úh'
wf.daia;= udifha ksß; È. iq<x ;=kS ù jeiai áflka ál wvqfjoa§ wef.a
yoj;g wuq;=u lkiai,a,la we;s fõ' iemaa;eïn¾ udifha .xj;=r .e,Su
;j;a ys;a wudrejls' .ïudk yryd ksj¾;k iq<s iq<Õ yud ;o jeis
fya;=fjka ;ekska ;ek c,fhka hg ùu ;j;a lkiai,a,ls' mdrj,a uvù
iEfok j< f.dve,s ó yrla iy lr;a; hEfuka ;j;a wn,ka fõ' fïjd
ksid ñksiqkaf.a iy ;sßikqkaf.a ord .ekSfï yelshdj ySk fõ' fïjd
oelSu o ;mdhsg ysirohls' jfrl OdrdKsmd; jeis jiS' jfrl fmdo
jeis jiS' fï w;f¾ f.dhï me< o¾YkSh f,i Wiska jeä fld<mdg
;Kks,a,la fia Èia fõ'
Tlaf;dan¾ ui ueo Nd.fha f.dhï mS§" rkajka lr,aj,ska keó uq÷

hdh u is;a ikik o¾YkSh mßirhla ujhs' wiajekak fk<k ld,fha §
;mdhs o ;u mjqf,a idudðlhkag tla jQjd h' ish,af,da iu;,d oEle;s
/f.k f.dhï ñá ñá lmd iu;,d fldgil f.dhï f.dv .i;s' wõ
rYañh bjiñka fuu f.dúfhda Èk .Kkla wiajekak fk<;s' Tlaf;dan¾
ui w. Nd.fha § ù md.d fõ,d ilia lr .ekSug ie,iqï lr;s'
;mdhs újdyfhka iïnkaO jQ w¿;a mjqf,a Ôjfkdamdh i|yd weh

o fldgia ldßhla úh' l=Uqre jev iy f.or fodf¾ jevm< weh lsisÿ
mels,Sulska f;drj bgq l<d h' tfuka u l=Uqf¾ j,a fk<Su" we< fõ,s
ilia lsÍu wdÈh bgq lsÍug weh uy;a jQ fjfyila oerejd h' wiajekak
fk<d .;a miq ne; wdrlaId lsÍu i|yd weh ;u iajdñhd iu. luf;a
ksÈ jeÍ h' ne; md.d iq<x lsÍu ldka;djkag wh;a jQ úfYaIs; ld¾hhls'
tu ld¾hhg o ;mdhs wfkla ldka;djkag tla jQjd h' tu Èkhkays weh
wka ia;%Ska yd t<suyfka YS;, bjiñka luf;a ksod.;a;d h'
f.ú,sfhda ù ñá oE;ska f.k ysig Wäka Tijd fõ.fhka my<g

keó fmdf<dfõ .id ù weg fjkalr .ks;s' fufia meh .Kkla keñ
keó ldka;dfjda fuu ÿIalr ld¾hfha ksr; fj;s' bka miq fuu ù WK
nïnq máj,ska ;ekQ úYd, n÷kaj, nyd yq<x lr;s' fo;=ka fofkla tlaù
fuu n÷kaj, we;s ù fõ.fhka wyig úislr kej; n÷k my<ska w,a,d"
fmd<d .ks;s' ù fmd;= iq<Õg úis ù msßisÿ ù weg n÷fka b;sß fõ' fuh
o fndfyda fõ,djla l< hq;= fjfyilr ld¾hhls' fufia fmd<d fõ,d
.kakd ù ó yrla lr;a;hl mgjd ksfjia lrd f.k h;s' tu ù ;u
mjq,g wh;a l=vd OdkHd.drj, wiqr;s'
uf.a b÷rka ksrka;rfhka fndaïn jreidjlg ,la fjkjd -

wei rEmhkaf.ka"
lk Yíoj,ska" kdih .|iqj|ska"
Èj rihka f.ka" YÍrh iam¾Yhkaf.ka"
fï yeu fohla .ek u uu mÍlaId lrkjd'
tfia lrk úg udf.a iEu bkaøshhla u
ug .=rejrfhla fjkjd'
mqxÑ ldhsõ
;mdhs fï l,n,ldÍ f,dalhg wlue;s jQ kuq;a weh ish,a, bjid

ord isáhd h' wef.a tlu iekis,a, jQfha wdrKHfha wd.ñl lghq;=
yd Ndjkd mqyqKqjhs' fuu wiykhg wu;rj iajdñhd wef.a ksoyi
iSud lsÍu ;j;a nrla úh' .eyeksh isáh hq;= iSudj wef.a mjq, iy
ksji nj;a wjg f,dalh fkdjk nj;a Tyqf.a woyi úh' wdOHd;añl
f,dalh .eyekshlg lsisfia;a wh;a fkdjk nj Tyqf.a ms<s.ekSu úh'
Wia my;a fNaoh" .eyekq msßñ fjki wd§ merKs u;s u;dka;r ksid mQ
;dhs .ïudkfha ixialD;sh o fnod fjka flreKs' ;mdhs o ueÈ ù isáfha
tu f,dalhg h' fuu wdl,amhkag úreoaO fkd úh hq;= nj;a" tajd weh
o bÈßhg f.k hd hq;= nj;a wef.a is;g l=vd l, isg u ld joaod ;snqKs'
wef.a fm!oa.,sl ksoyig ;mdhsf.a iajdñhdf.ka bv lv ,enqfKa b;d
iaj,amhls' tfia ;SrK .ekSu Tyqf.a jrm%idohhs' fuh" tlsfkld y÷kd
fkd .ksñka flfrk fhdað; újdyhl tla m%;sM,hls'
weh i;r fmdahg u wdrKHhg hEu Tyq ;ykï lf<a h' Wfoa
msKavmd;h i|yd jäk NslaIQka jykafia,dg odkh ms<s.ekaùug;a" rd;%s
ld,fha ksji ;=< msß;a lSug;a muKla Tyq wehg wjir ÿKs' weh Tyqf.a
wdYS¾jdoh ( mqxÑ ldhsõ 45
;SrKj,g lSlre jQjd h' wehg l< yels fjk;a fohla fkd ;snqKs'
ksjfia iy f.dúfmdf<a jevm< ;mdhsf.a wdOHd;añl wfmalaId fjkia
lf<a h' wef.a oji §¾> jQ fjfyildÍ tlla úh' kuq;a tu mSvdldÍ
;;aFjh uOHfha weh" wef.a is; ;ekam;a lr .ekSug fjfyi oerejd h'
wjq,a iys; mg<eú,s iys; Ôú;h ueo ;u is; tlÕ lr .ekSug weh
;ksj u mqreÿ mqyqKq jQjdh' fldamh iy wm%idoh okjk is;sú,s ;u is;
;=<ska ke. toa§" oeä wdhdihlska tajd md,kh lr weh ;u is; fu,a,
lr .;a;d h' wef.a iajdñ mqreIhd .ek isf;ys wukdmhla ke. toa§"
tu yeÕSï weh ffu;%shg lreKdjg fmr<d .;a;d h' wkqka .ek B¾IHd
is;sú,s biau;= fjoa§ weh .sysf.h yerod .sh is,a ud;djla fia is;kakg
mqreÿ jQjd h' tfuka u" ljod uq;a Èkhl ;ud .sysf.h w;er od" iqÿ j;
w|sk is,a ud;djla jk njg wdpd¾h uqka ysñhka lS wkdjelsh" wE ks;r
isys l<d h' .eUqre wdOHd;añl mqyqKqjl w.h weh wef.a iyc kqjKska
oek isáhd h' tfia jqj;a" oekg" tÈfkod Ôú;h f.fjk whqre .ek o
weh iEySulg m;a j isáh hq;= nj o weh jgyd .;a;d h'
f.or fodf¾ jevm< lsÍfï hq;=lu weh uekúka bgq l<d h'
tajdhska weh ;Dma;shla fkd ,o nj wef.a há is; oek isáhd h' weh
f.k hk Ôú;h" weh fldgqù isák iSudjka" weh ksjerÈj y÷kd
.;a;d h' tu iSud b;d l=vd tajd úh' wef.a újdyh tu iSudjka ;j;a
l=vd lf<a h' weh ÿgq ish,a," weiQ ish,a, iy weh ú|s ish,a, wehf.a
is;g lsisÿ iekis,a,la f.k ÿka tajd fkd ù h' weh jhi wjqreÿ oy
yf;a isg úis y; olajd taldldÍ jQ w;Dma;slr wiykldÍ Ôú;hla
f.õjd h' jifrka jir weh f.jQ Ôú;h" l<lsÍu iy fõokdjkaf.ka
hqla; úh' lsisÿ wka fjkila wehg w;a oelSug fkd ,enqKs' wE wjg
isÿjQ ish,a, isÿjk ish,a, foi b;d bjiSfuka n,d isáhd h' bv ,o
iq¿ fõ,djkays §" weh yqol,dj Ndjkdjg fhduq ù" ta iq¿ fudfyd; jqjo
mQckSh fudfyd;la l<d h'
ixlS¾K Ôjk rgdjlska f;dr jQ" pdï iqÿ we÷ulska ieriqKq is,a
ud;djla ùu i|yd fï f,dalh w; yer oeóug weh fkdfhla jr is;=jd
h' wef.a wêIaGdkh l,ska l< fõ.j;a ù" fjk lsisjla wjYH fkdjk
;ekg wef.a yeÕSï W;aikak úh' wjidkfha tla iekaoEjl" lEfuka

miq weh ;u iajdñhd bÈßfha oK .id f.k lreKq myod §ug fjr
oerejd h' f.or jevm<j,ska ñ§" .sysf.h w; yer iiqka .; ùug weh
;=< we;s wdYdj" Tyqg f;areï lr §ug weh uykais .;a;d h' wehf.a
iajdñmqreIhd tu b,a,Su .ek lsisÿ ;elSula fkd fldg m%;slafIam lf<a
h' ta iïnkaO j lsisÿ l;dnylg ;ud wlue;s nj o fyf;u mejiS h'
lSlre ìß|la fia ìug fy<d .;a oEiska hq;=j" ksy~ j Tyqf.a ;SrKh
ms<sf.k kej; iqmqreÿ taldldÍ Ôú;h f.k .shd h'
;mdhsf.a wiykldÍ Ôú;h ojiska oji lsisÿ fjkila fkd ù

f.ù .sfha h' wef.a wruqK .ek n,dfmdfrd;a;= iys; j bjiSfuka
weh ld,hg bv § n,d isáhd h' i;s lSmhla .; jQ miq" ;u iajdñhd
fyd| uqyqKqjrlska isák Èkhl kej; jrla wef.a ksoyi b,a,d wE Tyq
bÈßfha ne.Em;a jQjd h' tjr o Tyq wef.a wdhdpkh m%;slafIam lf<a
h' wehg is,a ud;djla ùug Tyq wjir ÿk fyd;a" ñksiqka Tyq .ek lg
l;d m;=rjñka iuÉp,hg ,la lsÍug yels nj lSfõ h' tfuka u wehg
orefjla ,nd §ug Tyqg yels lula fkd ;snqK ksid Tyq fy<d oelsh hq;=
msßñfhl= hhs" ñksiqka ´md¥m l;d lrkq we;ehs o Tyq lshd isáfha sh'
fuu .eg¨jg flfia ms<s;=re Èh hq;= oehs wehg jegySula fkd

;snqKs' Tjqka fofokd wjqreÿ oyhla orefjla fkdue;sj tlg Ôj;a jQ
nj we;a; h' fofokdf.a u mjq,aj, ¥ orefjda iy ióm {d;Ska fndfyda
h' kuq;a Tjqka fofokdf.a mjq, j¾Okh fkd ù h' iuyr úfgl fuh
l¾udkql+, j isÿjQ hym;la o úh yel' ffojfha fuu fmr<Su" wehg
ksjiska msgùu myiq lreKla lsÍug o bv ;sìKs' kuq;a tu lreK weh
ksjiska msgùu je<elaùug wef.a iajdñhd fhdod .;af;a h' weh ;j;a
jrla wjir b,a¨jd h' tjr o Tyq wehf.a b,a,Sug wjir fkd ÿKs'
mQ ;dhs .ïudkfha idudkH mjq,l idudðl ixLHdj ;rula jeä

h' iEu ore Wm;la u fjkqfjka W;aijhla f.k ieuÍu Tjqkaf.a
isß;la jQ w;r ore Wm;la Ôj;a ùug ,o rel=,la fia o ie,l=Ks' w¨;a
orejd mjqf,a jevm< lr .ekSug ,o wdYS¾jdohls' f.dú;eka lsÍug iy
f.or fodf¾ jevm< lsÍug orejka ye§ jeã jeäuy,a,kg tl;= fõ'
foudmshka uy¨ jQ miq Tjqka /l n,d .ekSu o orejka i;= j.lSula

úh' ;mdhsf.a" orefjla ke;s újdy Ôú;h .ek wef.a kekao,d iy {d;s
ifydaor ifydaoßfhda lkiai,a,g m;a jQy' wE uy¨ jQ miq wehj /l
n,d .kafka ljqreka o@
orejka lSm fofkl=f.a ujla jQ wef.a {d;s fidfydhqßhlg kej;;a

orefjl= ,eîfï ,l=Kq my< úh' orejd ìys l< miq" ì<s|d yod jvd
.ekSug ;mdhsg Èh hq;=hhs ióm {d;Ska ;SrKh l<y' ;mdhs wef.a uj
iu. fï .ek idlÉPd fldg" {d;s fidfydhqßh orejd ìys lrk Èk"
wehg Wmldr l<d h' tod ìysjQ .eyekq orejd ;=re¿ lrf.k ;mdhs tÈk
u f.or f.kdjd h' ksjig w¨;a wuq;a;d f.k wd fudfydf;a u ì<s|dg
ldhsõ hkqfjka kï ;enqjd h' wef.a —iqr;,a fmdâä'˜
ì<s|d ,enqKdg miq weh b;d i;=áka bkakd nj .ïjdiSka yg

fmkqKs' uõ fikyi mdñka" ì<s|df.a jevm< b;d i;=áka l< ;mdhs
fndfyda fõ,d isÕs;a;d lrmskakd f.k isák nj .ïjdiSkag fmkqKs'
wehg —udhs ldhsõ˜ hkqfjka kï mg ne÷Ks' —ldhsõ f.a wïud˜ fï ku
wehg ckaufhka u Wreu jQjla fuks' fu;eka mgka lõre;a fikyiska
;mdhs weu;+fõ" —udhs ldhsõ˜ lshdh'
l=vd ldhsõ ye§ jeã" läir nqoaêu;a .eyekq <ufhla jQjd h' weh
b;d Wkkaÿfjka wïudf.a tÈfkod jevm< bf.k .;a;d h' Woafhda.
fhka yd läir j wef.a wïudj wkqlrKh l< ;reK ldhsõf.a weÕm;
ta ta jevg wjYH mßÈ ,d,s;Hfhka yeiqrejd h' läir j f.or fodf¾
lghq;=j, fh§u wehg idudkH fohla úh' udhs ldhsõ f.a wïud" weh
l=vd l, n,dfmdfrd;a;= fkdjQ wjia:djl ñh .sh fyhska" f.or fodr
jevm< bf.k .ekSug wehg uy;a fjfyila oeÍug isÿ úh' tfia fyhska
udhs ldhsõ wef.a l=vd ÈhKshg lem ùfuka jev lsÍfï wjYH;djh
b.ekakqjd h'
ÈhKshla yod jvd .ekSu" udhs ldhsõ yg fl<sf,d,a" tfuka u

i;=g okjk w;aoelSula úh' weh fldgq ù isá iSudjka f.ka ;djld,sl
j ñ§ fjfyildÍ Ôú;fhka ;rula fyda wiajeis,a,la orejd ksid ,enqjd
h' wef.a wdOHd;añl wfmalaIdjka ljqreka iuÕ fyda fnod yod .ekSug
weh buy;a wdYdjlska mq, mq,d n,d isáhd h' tkuqÿ ldhsõ ;ju l=vd
<oeßhls' wE jgd we;s ÿlaÅ; f,dalh .ek oek .ekSug ;rï fudard
ke;' weh wysxil h' kuq;a udhs ldhsõ fï f,dalfha fõokdjkag iy
ÿla lkaordjg uqyqK § fndfyda l,a h' wE wjg isá wh uqyqK ÿka ÿla
mSvd" wef.a mmqfõ ;shqKq fõokd f.k fok ;=jd,hla fia wehg oekqKs'
lsisjl=f.ka lsisÿ wkqlïmdjla fkd ,nd tÈfkod jevfmdf<ys fhfok
.ïjdiSkaf.a is;a fõokd wehg jegyqKs' Tjqka ;reK úfha isg uy¨ ù
uefrk ;=rd" ksr; jQfha tÈfkod flfrk jevfmd<j, muKs'
—Wm;l i;=g urKhl ÿl miq mi Èj tkakls˜
—kshÕhl jHikh miqmi c, .e,aul úkdYh o meñfKa'˜
ldhsõ yod jvd .ekSug f.k wd jif¾ u udhs ldhsõf.a mshd ñh

.sfha h' i;=g miqmi ÿl ÿq ne| wdfha h' fujr jreidj o meñKsfha
ke;' ta fya;=fjka f.dú;eka md¿ ù iy,a fkd ,enqKs' iem yd ÿl
tlg tla ù tljr u;= ù ths' ñksfil=f.a Ôú;h urKh lrd f.k hk
lr;a;hl tlg ne|s frdao folla fuks' w¿;a frdao ilia jQ miq" th
wkd.; W;am;a;sh lrd weo f.k hhs' udhs ldhsõ fuu fjkia ùu" iy
ÿl we;sùu" Ôú;fha ueo mj;sk nj ÿgqjd h'
iem ÿla w;f¾ jqj o" hym;a whym;a ld,h ;=< jqj o" wef.a
yoj; m;=f,a ;snQ wfmalaId weh w; fkd yeßhd h' u;=msáka olsk foa
fudk wdldrfhka fjkia jqj o yoj; m;=f,a uq,a nei ;snQ .sysf.h
w;a yeÍfï wdYdj wef.a Ôú;fha tl u n,dfmdfrd;a;=j úh' jÜ fkdx
fkdx wdrKHfha" flia lemQ" pdï iqÿ is,a frÈ ye|s" is,a ud;djla jk
Ñ;%h" weh ks;r u ;u isf;a ujd .;a;dh' yqol,dj ksy~j lsisÿ ndysr
ndOdjlska f;drj Ndjkd lrk whqre wef.a is; ;=< ujd .;a;d h'
wNsksIal%uKh Ôú;fha jákd tla wx.hla nj weh jgyd .;a;d h'
wjqreÿ .Kkdjla weh fï f,dalfha w;rux fkdù Ôj;a ùug bf.k
.;a;d h' isf;a le<öu jgyd .ekSug;a th ikaiqka lr .kakd whqre;a
weh bf.k .;a;d h' iem ÿl i;=g wi;=g wdÈh wvq jeä fjù wE fj;
meñKSu úgl wef.a ikaiqkaNdjh wfydais lf<a h' tfiau jßka jr is;
rjgk is;sú,s biau;= ù wjq;a ;j;a jfrl wE uq,d lf<a h' jhiska fudard
j.lSï jeä fjoa§ wef.a wkd.; n,dfmdfrd;a;= lvjk ,l=Kq my< úh'
tu lvùï yuqfõ wef.a ksoyi o úkdY úh' wdpd¾h uqka ysñ" wjika
jrg weh hï Èkl tu isyskfha M, w;a ú|sk njg ÿka fmdfrdkaÿj"
wef.a wiykldÍ ukig ;snQ tlu iekiSu h' kuq;a oeka wehg l=vd
ÈhKshla yod jvd .ekSug isÿ ù we;' iiqka.; ùu wE fj;ska ;j;a
wE;g .sh njla wehg oekqKs'
mQ¾K ld,Sk is,a ud;djla fia l,a .; lsÍug wehg bv lv fkd

,enqK;a" flá ld,Sk wd.ñl jevigyklgj;a iyNd.s ùug wjia:dj
,nd .; yels jkq we;ehs wehg yeÕ=Ks' ;reK msßñ <uhs jia ld,fha
;djld,sl j iiqka .; ù uyK oï mqrk nj o wehg isys úh' th ksjerÈ
ms<sfj;ls' újdyl msßñka mjd .sysf.hska kslau ál l,lg uyK oï
mqr;s' fï foa wehg lrkak neß wehs@ tfia jqjfyd;a ÿj .ek ne,Su l<
hq;=j we;' kuq;a ldhsõ wjqreÿ wgl oeßhla jqjo udi ;=klg f.or
jevm< n,d .ekSu yd mshdf.a wjYH;d bgqlr §ug wE olaI jQjd h' udhs
ldhsõf.a {d;s fidfydhqßhka wehg Woõ lrk njg wehg úYajdihla
;snqKs' fï i|yd f.or nr jev wE l,ska ksu l< hq;= j ;snqks' iS iEu
iy me< isgqùu ta ÿIalr jev w;rg jegqKq ld¾hhka h' flá ld,Sk
wd.ñl jevigykg iyNd.s ù th ksujd wiajekak fk<Su i|yd wehg
kej; f.or meñKsh yel' wdOHd;añl u.l hEug wehj lsisÈkl
ksoyia fkdlrk njg wef.a iajdñhd mjid we;' lsisÿ ksoyila ke;s
jkjdg jvd flá ksoyila fyda ;sîu hym;ls' hd hq;= ud¾.fha mshjr
lSmhlaj;a hEu" uq¿ .uk ke;s ùug jvd hym;ls'
jir oyhlg m%:u ;u iajdñhd bÈßfha je| oK .id wdhdpkd

l<d fia u udhs ldhsõ fujr o Tyq bÈßfha oK .id wehg flá ksoyila
,nd fok f,i b,a,d isáhd h' yoj; m;=f,ka u <hdkaú; j lreKq
myod § wef.a Ôú;fha ;snQ tlu wdYdj ál l,lg fyda bgqlr .ekSug
l=vd ljq¨jla újr lr fok f,i lreKdfjka b,a,d isáhd h' mjq, iy
ksji ìß|lg .eyekshlg ksis ;ek nj wE ms<s.;a;d h' tkuq;a Ôú;h
mqrd weh f.k wd isyskh uqÿka m;a lr .ekSug ál l,lg fyda bv

fok f,i b,a,ñka oK.id Tyq bÈßfha ne.Em;a jQjd h' ksjfia md,kh
ie,iqï lr we;s whqre wE Tyqg f;areï l< w;r" weh ksjiska wE;aj
isák ld,fha jevm< ksishdldrj flfrk njg weh Tyqg fmdfrdkaÿ
jQjd h' udi ;=fka jia wd.ñl jev igyk ksu jQjdg miq kej; f.or
tk njg o weh iaÓr j u Tyq bÈßfha fmdfrdkaÿ jQjd h'
tla Èidjlg uqyqK yrjd .;a wef.a iajdñhd lsisÿ yeÕSula ke;=jd
fia wE tf;la mejiQ foa ksy~ j wid isáhd h' wef.a l;dj ksu jQ miq
b,a,Su wkqu; fkd lrk nj wÕjk fia ysi i,ñka wef.a uqyqK foi
weia whd n,d" uyK ùu wu;l lrkakehs mejiS h' wehg /l n,d
.kak iajdñmqreIfhla isák nj;a yod jvd .ekSug ÈhKshla isák nj;a
u;la lrñka ñka miq wef.a isyskj,g lka §ug Tyq i;=gq ke;s neõ
mejiqfõ h'
udhs ldhsõ kej;;a wef.a iSudjkag fldgq úh' bjiSu YS,hls'

lreKdj iy iudj §u o YS,hka h' ;u iajdñhd wehg mekjQ ;yxÑj,g
úreoaO ùfuka weh je<l=Kd h' weh ÈhKshg wdorh l<d fuka u ;u
ysñf.a wfmalaIdjkag .re l<d h' kuq;a wef.a wkd.; isysk ueùu wE
k;r fkd l<d h' wef.a n,dfmdfrd;a;=j bgqùu udhs ldhsõ yg wef.a
miqmi tk" wE b;sß l< l=i,hla úh' tfia fyhska" B<Õ jia ld,h
t<fUoa§ weh kej; jrla wef.a iajdñhdf.ka iykhla me;Sh' fujr
Tyqf.a ms<s;=r hdka;ñka iekis,sodhl jQ w;r th mQ¾K m%;slafIamhla
o fkd úKs'
weh uqyqK md isák wiSre ;;aFjh fome;af;a u {d;Ska w;r

l;dnyg n÷ka jQ ldrKdjla úh' iuyrla mlaImd;S jQ w;r ;j;a
fldgila Bg úreoaO;ajh mEy' ldf.a;a f.!rjhg Ndckh jQ idOdrK
;SrK .ekSfï yelshdj we;s {dkjka; udud flfkl=g fï iïnkaO
j ueÈy;a ùug {d;Syq b,a,Sula l<y' Tyq udhs ldhsõ l=vd <eoeßhla j
isá ld,fha isg okakd flfkls' wdpd¾h uqka ysñ yuqùug wef.a mshd
iu. wdrKHhg tk hk whqre Tyqg u;l ;snqKs' tfuka u wehf.a
wdOHd;añl n,dfmdfrd;a;= .ek Tyqf.a wkqlïmdj weh fj; fhduq
úh' Tyq wef.a f,a,shf.a uereKq mshd fjkqfjka wef.a iajdñhd yd l;d
ny fldg jdisodhl ms<s;=rla ,nd §ug bÈßm;a úh' Tyq udhs ldhsõf.a
iajdñmqreIhd iu. fm!oa.,slj idlÉPd lf<a h' Tyqg o" wdOHd;añl
lghq;=j, kshe<Sfuka ,nk M, úmdl f;areï lr ÿkafka h' Tyq iu.
;¾l lrñka flfuka flfuka Tyqg n, lrñka ál ld,hlg tu
Ndjkd lghq;=j,g hEug wjirh fok f,i Tyqf.ka b,a,d isáfha h'
wjidkfha nqkaud Tyqf.a ìß|g udi ;=kl jia ld,fha § muKla is,a
ud;djla fia uyK ù iiqka .; ùug wjir ÿkafka h' wu;rj jeämqr
tla Èklgj;a wjir fkd ,enqKs' Tyqf.a me;af;ka" mjqf,a f.!rjh
wdrlaId lrk yeáhg;a ;u ÈhKsh wE ke;s ld,fha n,d lshd .ekSug;a
{d;Ska tlÕ lr .;s' fuu iykh ,nd ÿka jhil udud" tu udi ;=k
;=< mxp YS,h .ek Y%oaOdj we;s lr" tu is,a mo iudoka ù weh tk ;=re
tajd /lsh hq;= njg;a udhs ldhsõf.a iajdñhd fmdfrdkaÿ lr .;af;a h'
i;=ka ueÍfuka" fidrlï lsÍfuka" fndre lSfuka" ffu:qk fiajkfhka"
iy u;a øjH .ekSfuka je<lS isák f,i Tyq tlÕ lr .;af;a h' mxp
YS,h iudoka ù" tjd /lSu .fï fmdÿ wd.ñl pdß;%hla jqj o" Tyq tajd
.ek lsisÿ ;elSula fkd l< flfkls'
yÈisfhka Woa.; jQ ;;ajh weh mqÿuhg;a Woaoduhg;a m;a lf<a h'

udhs ldhsõ oE;a tla fldg k<f,ys ;nd" ish,a,kag u mska isÿ fõjd hhs
lshñka" ta is;=ú,a, yojf;a m;=,g u ls|d neiSug bv ÿKs' wjidkfha"
wdpd¾h uqka uyd f;reka wjqreÿ úiailg m%:u l< wkdjelsh u,a
m, .efkk ,l=Kq my< úh' oEia mshd.;a weh" ;u yoj; ;=< uki
fudfyd;la tlÕ lr fï Èkd.;a flá ld,h ;=< is,a ud;djla jYfhka
Wmßu M, fk<d .kakd njg" weh ;udg u Èjqrd fmdfrdkaÿ jQjd h'
wef.a is;sú,s Odrdfõ bÈßfhka u msysá is;=ú,a, kï" Ndjkdjhs' fï
jdikdj fuf;la bgqlr .ekSug W.yg jQ fohls' ld,h úiska l,a
ur urd wm%dKsl j ;snQ is;sú,a,ls' kuq;a fï jk úg tu is;sú,a, oeä
wjOdkhlg fhduq fjñka mj;S' fudk ;rï n,dfmdfrd;a;= lvùïj,g
weh uqyqK ÿkak o" weh lsis Èkl u;= n,dfmdfrd;a;= lv lr .;af;a
ke;'
53
wNsksIal%uKh
55
uQ,sl Ndjkd mqyqKqj

mSÿKq flfi,a .ilg isgjQ rel=,la fuks'
th"
úYd, j iEfok flfi,a lek
iqÿiq ld,fha meyS boS jeãug bv fohs'
th"
wld,fha ìu weo jeàug bv fkdfoa'
ish,a, w;yer hdu
tod wei< mqka fmdfydh od h' wef.a jhi wjqreÿ ;sia yhls'
wehg wh;a hhs yeÕ=K ish,a, u" tfia u Ôú;fha weh ne| ;enqjdhhs
yeÕ=K ish,a, u" lsisÿ miq ;eùula fkdue;s j w;yer oud jÜ fkdx
fkdx wdrKHfha NslaIQka jykafia,d iy is,a ud;djka bÈßfha oK .id
fodfyd;a uqÿka § jekaod h' merKs tfuka u m%ikak jQ ir, wd.ñl
pdß;%hlg iyNd.s ù" weh úkhdkql+, j iiqka .; jQ is,a ud;djla —uhs
Ö˜ fjñ hs m%isoaêfha m%ldY l<d h'
uhs Ö ldhsõ is,a ud;d ldhsõ wef.a iiqka.; Èúh wdrïN lsÍu
i|yd tÈk mdkaor wdrKHhg meñKshd h' wdrKHjdiS is,a ud;djkag
nhdÿ iskyjlska ix.%y lrñka Tjqkg f.!rjfhka wdpdr l<d h'
.reire we;sj Tjqka yd tlg jdä ù" Wfoa wdydrh .;a;d h' wjidkfha"
wE fuf;la isysk ujñka n,dfmdfrd;a;=j isá WfmalaId iy.; wd¾h
n%yaupßhd Ôú;h" tfuka u ish,a, w; yeÍfï wjika fudfyd; <Õd
úh'
weh .sys l< fjka fldg y÷kd .;a wef.a merKs we÷ï wdhs;a;ï tlska
tl .,jd oeuqKs' bka miq <s| <Õg le|jd f.k .sh weh Wlal=áfhka
jdäùug ie,eia ù h' fjõ, fjõ,d tfia jdäjQ weh ;u fn,a, bÈßhg
fkrd ksy~ jQjd h' fcHaIaG is,a ud;dj uhs Ö vex" fudÜg l;=rlska
wef.a Èla jQ l÷ mdg flaY l,dmh" ñáka ñg w,a,d" yqre mqreÿ f,i
lmd oeuqjdh' b;d fldg ysifla lE,s muKla wehf.a ysfia b;sß úh'
ysi flia ñg ñg wef.a bÈßfha úisÍ jefgoa§" lsisÿ yeÕSulska f;drj
ñksia YÍrfha udhdldÍ iajNdjh .ek isyslrñka" ta ysifla lE,s foi
n,d isáhd h' flia hkq uu fkd fjñ ( flia uf.a fkdfõ ( YÍrfha
wka fldgia jdf.au flia o iajNdj O¾ufha fldgils( th wh;a jkafka
ug fkdj" iajNdj O¾uh keue;s f,dalhghs —uu˜ hhs ye|ska jQ flkdg
tys lsisÿ wjYH;djhla fkdue;'
bka miq ;shqKq oe<smsyshlska" wef.a ysia ln, u;=msg È,sfik iu

muKla u;= jk fia" uhs Ö vex ud;dj wef.a ysi uqvq l<d h' fo w,af,ka
wef.a ysi msßuÈñka" ish,a, w;yßñka iskdiqKd h'
wfkla is,a ud;dfjda weh jgd frdla ù" is,a ud;djlg tkï uhs Ö
flfkl=g" iqÿiq idïm%odhsl ;kslr iqÿ is,a we÷ï weka¥y' oKysfika
my<g úÜ f;la jefgk jgidh" nqre,g ueiQ fn,a, olajd fnd;a;ï
oeuQ w;a È. yeÜgh" ol=Kq lsys,a, háka f.k" jï Wrysi jgd l%uj;a j
t;+ È. W;=re i¿j fn!oaOhska f.a f.!rjdorhg m;a jQ Ydiksl we÷ï
h'
wef.a uyK msxlfï wd.ñl pdß;% jdß;% bgq lsÍfï m%Odk ;ek
biqÆ wpd¾h lï mydka ysñ bÈßfha is,a ud;d ldhsõ ;=ka jrla je|
kuialdr l<d h' je| .;a oE;ska ñßld .;a bámkaou" y÷kal+re iy
fk¿ï u, w;e;sj weh nqÿka irK .shd h'
nqoaOï irKï .ÉPdñ ''''''''

ish,a, wNsnjd hk nqÿka jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO¾uh weh irK .shd
h'
Oïuï irKï .ÉPdñ ''''''''

NslaLq NslaLqKS wd¾h ix> r;akh irK wE .shdh'
wNsksIal%uKh ( ish,a, w;yer hdu 57
ix>ï irKï .ÉPdñ' ''''''''

oeä wêIaGdkhlska iy wjxl jQ lemùulska YslaId mohkays msysgd"
weh /ia jQ ish,a,ka bÈßfha is,a ud;djlg ûhs Ö& wh;a uQ,sl is,a mo
ms<sfj<ska iÊCOdhkd l<d h' mK we;s i;=kag ysxid lsÍfuka j<lsk
njg weh iy;sl jYfhka fmdfrdkaÿ jQjd h ( kqÿka foa .ekSfuka (
wn%yaupßhd yeisÍfuka ( fndre lSfuka ( u;a øjH .ekSfuka ( ysre wjrg
.shdg miq wdydr .ekSfuka ( úfkdaoùïj,g iyNd.s ùfuka( iqj| ú,jqka
mdúÉÑfhka ( Wia wiqka yd iem myiq wiqka mdúÉÑfhka j<lsk njg
weh iy;sl jYfhka fmdfrdkaÿ jQjd h'
is,a ud;d ldhsõ YslaId mohka iudoka ù" tys msysáhdg miq j"
wdpd¾h lï mydka f;reka jykafia wE foi Rcq j n,d" iudoka jQ
YslaId mo tlska tl Wka jykafia úia;r lrk nj;a" tajdg wjOdkh
fhduq fldg weyqïlka fok f,ig;a wehg wjjdo l<y'
nqÿka foiQ ksjka u. hEu i|yd iEu fn!oaOfhl= u m<uqj

wksjd¾hfhka l< hq;= jkafka nqoaO Oïu ix> ;%súO r;akfha irK
hEuhs' wdOHd;añl ÈhqKqfõ ysKsfm;a;g hEu i|yd we;s mrudo¾Yh
nqÿrcdKka jykafia h' ksjka wjfndaOh i|yd tlu Ydia;Djrhd nqÿka
jykafia h' nqÿka irK hEfuka Tn tu mrudo¾YS W;a;uhd Tfí
.=rejrhd jYfhka ms<s.kS' ñ:HdoDIaál o¾Ykhka fiùfuka je<lSug
o" Tn thska m%;s{d fohs' ksjka idlaId;a lsÍu i|yd i;H jQ ud¾.h
iy yrh fuu O¾u ud¾.hhs' O¾uh irK hEfuka Tn tu i;Hh
Tfí tlu wruqK njg ms<s.kS' fnd<| ud¾.hka Tiafia hEfuka
iy ñ:Hd woyia ms<s.ekSfuka j<lsk njg o Tn m%;s{d fohs' ix>
r;akh tu W;=ï O¾uh ksrEmKh lrk ksjka uf.ys hk msßi fõ'
ix>hd irK hEfuka Tn nqoaO Ydikh ;=< Tfí /ljrKh ms<s.kS'
ñ:Hd oDIaálhka" ÿYaYS,hkaf.ka wE;a ùug o Tn m%;s{d fohs' fï
wdldrhg nqoaO Oïu ix> hk ;%súO r;akh irK hEfuka" ksjerÈ
wdOHd;añl mrudo¾Yhka ms<s.ekSug Tn lem fõ' flf,ia ÿre lsÍfï
uQ,sl oekSu we;slr .ekSug Tn fhduq fõ'
i;H jQ ksjfkys wä;d,u ;%súO r;akh irK hEuhs' úuqla;sh

i|yd ksjka ufÕys hEug fuu YslaId mo Bg wjYH fldkafoais iy
iSudjka ilia lrhs' YS,h Y%oaOdfjka rlsoa§" flfkl= f.a uki jrÈka yd
lkiai,af,ka ksoyia lrhs' wk;=rej,ska fírd wdrlaId lr §fï uy;a
jQ n,hla YS,h we;slrjhs' uq,ska u" fudk ;rï l=vd jqj;a mK we;s
if;la Tn fkd ueßh hq;=h( tfiau ueÍug fyda ysxid lsÍug wkqn,
fkd Èh hq;=hs' iEu mK we;s if;l=g u Ôú;h jákd fohls' tksid
tu i;d urd" W! wdorfhka wdrlaId lrk tu jákdlu Tn úkdY fkd
l< hq;=hs ( ta fjkqjg ish¨ i;aFjhka flfrys" Tfí yoj; lreKdfjka
mqrjd .kak'
Tn lsisjl=g wh;a fohla fidrlï fkd l< hq;=hs' wka wh Bg

fmd<Ujd fkd .; hq;=hs ¦ iEu i;a;ajfhl=u Wkqkg wh;a foa wdorfhka
wdrlaId lrhs ¦ jeä jákd lula ke;ehs Tng yeÕ=K o" th wh;a flkdg
tys jákdlula we; ¦ tksid wka flfkl=g wh;a lsisÿ fohla fidr
is;ska f.k" tu jákdlu úkdY lrkak tmd¦ tfia fidrlï lsÍfuka
úkdY jkafka Tjqka i;= foafmd, muKla fkdj Tjqkf.a yoj;a mjd
úkdY fõ ( tksid" §u" ;Hd.YS,S nj Tnj yiqrejk m%;sm;a;s njg m;a
lr .kak'
fu;eka isg Tn ishü ,sx.sl iïnkaO;djhkaf.ka je<lS isáh

hq;=hs' mQ¾K n%yaupdÍ Ôú;hla f.k hd hq;=hs ¦ ldfudaoa§mkh iy rd.h"
isf;a iy lfha ikaiqka nj úkdY lr" wdOHd;añl Ôú;fha wruqKg
m%;súreoaO Èidjg ÿjhs' msßisÿ ffu;%sfha n,h iy Nla;sh ta fjkqjg is;
;=< u;= ùug bv fokak'
Tn fndre lSfuka je<lS" yeu l,ays u i;H l;d l< hq;= fõ'
Tfí l%shdjkays § fyda l;djkays §" lsisúgl wkqkg jxl fkd jkak(
wkqka fkd rjgkak' fndrej" úYajdih ì| fy,k w;r" tlsfkldg
we;s f.!rjh wysñ lrjhs' Tfí is; ksoyia lsÍug i;Hfha n,hg bv
fokak'
wNsksIal%uKh ( ish,a, w;yer hdu 59
u;= i|yka l< m%Odk YslaId mo i;r wdOHd;añl .=K j.dfõ uQ,
O¾uhka jk w;r tajd Tfí lh ikaiqka lr.ekSug;a is; msßisÿ lr
.ekSug;a wjYH oE ilia lrhss' tfia ilia lr .ekSu i|yd" is; úlD;s
lrk" msßisÿ ;SrK .ekSu j<lk" ryfur mdkh lsÍfuka fyda fudku
wdldrhl u;a øjH lsisu Èk .ekSfuka fyda je<lsh hq;=hs' ln,Sldydr
ysre wjrg .sh miq fkd .; hq;=hs' Tn .S lSfuka" keàfuka" yd fjk;a
úfkdao ùfï wx.hkag iyNd.sùfuka je<lS isáh hq;= w;r ,iaik
ùu i|yd lklr wdNrK iy u,a me<£fuka o" kd kd iqj| ú,jqka
.e,aùfuka o je<lsh hq;= fõ' iqjodhl isks÷ fldÜg fuÜg iys; Wia
we|ka ys ksod .ekSfuka Tn je<lsh hq;= w;r iem odhl yev jev oeuQ
uy wiqkaj, ys| .ekSfuka o je<lsh hq;= fõ'
fuu is,a mo wg ukd isysfhka wdrlaId lrk úg" Tn .sys Ôú;fha

fodrgq ;djld,sl j jeiqjd fia jkq we;' úuqla;sh lrd hk ud¾.fha tla
ljq¿jla újD; l<d fia h' fuu is,a mo /lSfï uQ,sl mrud¾:h" Tn
lrk lshk iEu fofhys u" YslaIdmohkays wka;¾.; uQ,sl yrh we;=<;a
úh hq;= neõ isys ;nd .ekSu h' tfia l%shd lrk úg fkdkj;ajd ueß
ueÍ bmso bmso hk fuu ixidr pl%hg" Tn ne| ;nk flf,ia m%ySkh
i|yd Tfí uki mqyqKq lr .ekSug yels jkq we;'
YslaId mo /lsug mqreÿ mqyqKq ùfuka krl foa lsÍu k;r jkjd fia
u fyd| foa j¾Okh lr .ekSu ;Sj% fõ' ÿla fõokd f.k tk ysxidldÍ
yeisÍïj,ska ;u is; fu,a, lr fodr ljq¿ jid" úuqla;sh i|yd ;u
is; lh msßisÿùu" fuu YslaId moj,ska bgq jk ld¾hhls' fn!oaO mqyqKq
lghq;=j, wksjd¾hfhka ;sìh hq;= moku o fuu YslaId mo fõ' tfukau
fuu is,a mo ksjka ufÕys jeo.;a ikaêia:dkhla nj o isys ;nd .;hq;=
fõ' tksid W;=ï jQ YslaId mohkag ysñ Wodr f.!rjh wdrlaId lrñka"
WfoHda.su;a j iudoka ù wdrlaId lrkak'
wdpd¾h lï mydka ia:úrhka jykafia fuu .ïNSr l¾;jHfha

wjYH;djh .ek Wkkaÿ lr tfiau fmd<Ujd" is,a ud;djla fia
úkhdkql+, j iiqkg Ndr .ekSfï idïm%odhsl jkaokd .d:d iÊCOdhkd
l<y' th wjidk jkjd;a iu.u uhs Ö ldhsõ - is,a ud;d ldhsõ - wef.a
Ôú;fha fuf;la f.k wd n,dfmdfrd;a;=j bgq lr .;a;d h'
uf.a wêIaGdkh mÍlaId lr ne,Su i|yd

uu" fndfyda ÿla lïlfgd¨ bjiqfjñ'
fndfyda Èk .Kkla uu ksrdydr j isáfhñ'
rd;%S .Kkdjla È.d ù ksod .ekSu m%;slafIam flf<ñ'
uf.a yoj; fmdaIKh l< wdydrh bjiSuhs'
uf.a ysi ie;mSu i|yd ud ,o fldÜgh lemùuhs'
ke;s jQ ksOdkh h<s wheÈhs
is,a ud;d ldhsõ" idudkH f,dalfhka miq nei wdOHd;añl mQckSh

f,djlg we;=¿ jQjdh' wef.a isyskh u,a m, .ekqK o" weh l< hq;=j
we;s foa wdrïN jQjd muKs' tlu wdrKHfha fjka lrk ,o fldgil
is,a ud;dfjda jdih l<y' NslaIQka jdih l< iSudj fuu fldgiska fjka
jQfha" >kj jevqKq Wi WK m÷re jeáhlsks' is,a ud;d ldhsõ g ,enqKq
l=áh uE;l § ksu l< tlls' tys ìug fh¥ WK nïnq m;=rej, Èiakh
yd fld< mdg ;ju;a /|S ;snQKs' tys jy, fiú,s l< wuq ;K fld<
w¨;ska lmd" ñá ne|s tajd h'
is,a ud;djkaf.a fcHIaG ud;dj uhs Ö vex h' jir yhlg by;§ weh
is,a ud;djla ùfï m%;s{dj .;a wjia:dfõ is,a ud;d ldhsõ o tu wd.ñl
iNdfõ isáhd h' mjqf,a ióm fhfy<shla jYfhkq;a" .sysf.h w; yer
iiqka .; jQ Y%oaOdjka; Nla;su;a wfhl= yeáhg;a is,a ud;d ldhsõ wehg
.re l<dh' w.h l<d h' weh lKsIaG is,a ud;djkag wdo¾Yj;a ud;djla
jQjd h' weh foi n,ñka" weh wkq.ukh lrñka" fiiq wh ffO¾hj;a
jQy' uhs Ö vex iiqka .;ù ál Èklg miq" uhs Ö hsx is,a ud;djla jQjd
h' fï is,a ud;dfjda fofok" jÜ fkdx fkdx wdrKHfha l=vd msßila jQ
wNsksIal%uKh ( ke;s jQ ksOdkh h<s wheÈhs 61
wfkla is,a ud;djka O¾ufha msysgqùfuka iy iu.sh j¾Okh lsÍfuka

Tjqkf.a j.lSu bgq l<y'
iiqka.; jQ m<uq Èkfha § u" is,a ud;d ldhsõ wef.a w¨;a Ôú;fha
ksi, rgdjg wj;S¾K jQjd h' weh Èkm;d w¨hu 3'00 g wjÈ jQjd h'
YS;, j;=r foda;lska uqyqK fidaod" bámkaoï ,ka;Ereï o,ajd" wef.a
l=áh bÈßfha ilid ;snQ ilauka u¨fõ ilauka Ndjkdfõ fhÿKdh'
ksy~j" —nqoa ''''' fOda nqoa ''''' fOdã hk foomh tlska tl udre fjoa§"
wjOdkfhka hq;=j uquqK uquqKd lshñka ilauka l<d h' tfia fkd lvjd
iÊCOdhkd lrñka" úisreK is; tla;eka lrñka" jdäù Ndjkd lsÍug
iqÿiq ;ekam;a uki msysák f;la wE ilauka Ndjkdfjys fhÿKd h' bka
wk;=rej ysre Wodjk f;la fldkao fl<ska ;nd jdäù" Ydka; jQ tlÕ
jQ is; tla wruqKl msysgjd .;a;d h' bkamiq yks ykslg m%Odk Yd,dj
fj; f.dia NslaIQka jykafia,d iy is,a ud;djka tl;=j flfrk" iuQy
nqoaO jkaokdjkag iyNd.s jQjd h'
jkaokd .d:djkays Yíoh flfuka wvq ù wjika jQ miq" NslaIQka iy

is,a ud;dfjda úkdä lSmhla Ndjkdfhda.S j isá;s' bkamiq is,a ud;dfjda"
t<suyfka iE¥ l=iaishg ú;a n;a iy jHxck tlla folla msi;s' NslaIQka
jykafia,d msKavmd;fha jev" f.fkk wdydrj,g wu;rj fufia ilia
lr .kakd wdydr o yS,a odkh i|yd tl;= lr .ks;s' is,a ud;d ldhsõ
b;d i;=áka wdydr ms<sfh< lsÍug iydh ù" miqj is,a ud;djka iuÕ
ojfia tlu wdydr fõ, je<£ug tl;= jQjdh' NslaIQka jykafia,d iy
is,a ud;dfjda o wkqNj lf<a Èklg tla wdydr fõ,la muKs' Ndjkd
fhda.S Ôjk rgdjg fuh o tla mqyqKqjls' wvqfjka wdydr .ekSu ksid
Ndjkd lghq;= ieye,a¨fjka lr .ekSug yelsfõ ¦ jeäfhka wdydr
.ekSu uki WodiSk lrjhs ¦ Wkkaÿj ySk lrjhs ¦ wdydrj,g we;s
;Kaydj iy lEorlu is; ls,sá lrk úila fõ' iduQysl j wdydr msi"
msßisÿ lsÍï ksu l< miq is,a ud;dfjda ;u iïmQ¾K ld,h Ndjkd
mqyqKqj i|yd fhojQy' wdydr .ek lsisÿ ;elSula fkdue;s j" ieye,a¨
jQ is;la lhla we;s j" Ndjkd mqyqKqj i|yd muKla ojfia b;sß ld,h
iïmQ¾Kfhka u fhojQy'
wdydr msiSï" msßisÿ lsÍï wd§ ir, wjYH;d is,a ud;djka iduQysl
j bgq lrk fyhska" uq¿ wdrKHfha u Y=N idOkh bfí u ie,iqKs'
iEu iekaoEjl § u wdrKHfha ish¨ u is,a ud;dfjda ikaiqka is;ska yd
i;sfhka bo,a iy fldiq f.k ;u ;ukaf.a l=á wjg Y=oaO mú;% lr
.ks;s' tfiau tla tla is,a ud;djkaf.a l=á iïnkaO flreKq l=vd wä
mdrj,a o" Tjqyq iu.sfhka w;=m;= .d msßisÿ l<y' bka miq l=iaish wjg
o" tfuka u Whk msyk Ndck o ¥ú,s .id ksis fia ;ekam;a lr;s' miq
Èk yS,a odkh i|yd iy,a álla Èfha odkak o Tjqka wu;l lf<a ke;'
bkamiq <s| wi,g f.dia ksy~ j ;u ;ukaf.a we÷ï fidaod Èh kd
.ks;s' bre nei h;a u" ish¨ u is,a ud;dfjda" NslaIQka iuÕ iji nqoaO
jkaokdjg m%Odk Yd,djg f.dia iQodkï fj;s' jkaokd lsÍu wjika jk
úg w÷r jeà we;s fyhska" È. bámkaoï o,ajd f.k ;u ;ukaf.a l=á
lrd f.dia rd;%s ld,fha fndfyda fõ,djla hk;=re u Ndjkd lr;s'
fndfyda fjfyila orñka is,a ud;d ldhsõ rd;%s ld,h ilaukska iy

jdäù Ndjkd lr" miq.sh ld,fha wehg wysñ jQ .eUqre iudêh" is; tla
;eka lr .Ksñkaa kej; ,nd .ekSug fjfyi oerejdh' wdpd¾h uqka ysñ
oekg wjqreÿ 20lg l,ska" ;u .ïudkh w; yer .shod isg" wehg l%uj;a
Ndjkd mqKqjlg fhduq ùug fkdyels úh' wef.a .sys Ôú;fha lgql
w;aoelSï iy f.or fodf¾ jevm, .ek fndfyda fkdjeo.;a foa" wef.a
is; ;=< fmdÈ nef|kakg úh' tfia jqjo" weh ù¾hfha jákdlu .ek
ukdj oek isáhd h' tksid fkdìh j" wef.a is; l=Uqrla hhs is;ñka" iS
idñka" ,shoafoka ,shoao ìï ilia lsÍu wdrïN l<d h' '''''' nqoafOda '''''
kej;;a ''''' nqoafOda ''''''
fkdmiqng W;aidyfhka lghq;= lsÍug weh fyd|ska oek isáhd

h' wehg úYajdih ;eìh yelsj ;snqfKa tu .=Kdx. u; muKls' weh"
wef.a f,!lsl Ôú;h iaÓr j is;ska wE;a fldg" ;u wruqK fj; ;Sj%
j is; fhduq lroa§" uq,a mshjr fol ;=<§ u" weh wdYap¾hu;a udj;lg
laIKsl j fhduq úh' fuu laIaKsl ÈhqKqj weiQ flfkl= mqÿu jkq
ksh;h' ksi, jQ ueÈhï /h weh fj<df.k isáh §" tfukau msßisÿj
Ndjkdj bÈßhg flÍ f.k hoa§" yÈisfha u wef.a is; iy lh fy<lska
ìug jegqKd fia" .eUqre <s|lg jegqKd fia oekqKs ( ish,a, w;=reoyka
ù .eUqre ksi,;djhlg m;ajqKs' wef.a oekSu ;=< lsisjla igyka jQfha
o ke;' oekSu muKla b;sß úh' - oekqu úksúo .sh ks¾u, jQ ;shqKq is;
lh blaujd .sh wjfndaO {dkhl msysáfha h' fuu w;aoelSu mej;sfha
iq¿ fudfyd;la muKs' tu fudfyd; w;sYfhka msreKq Ydka; Ndjhls'
tu Ydka; ;;a;ajfhka kej; iudêh biau;= ù meñKs úg" wef.a is;
§ma;su;a j mú;% j" ;SlaIK j msysá nj wehg jegyqKs' l,la wehg wysñ
j ;snQ ksOdkh" kej; whe§fuka ,nd .;a nj weh oek .;a;d h'
.eUqre iudêfhka áflka ál msìfok úg" kqyqre kqmqreÿ u;= isÿjk

foa oelsh yels udkisl ;;a;ajhlg wef.a is; m;a jQjd fia wehg oekqKs'
th isyskhla oel wjÈ jQ fudfyd;la fia oekqKs' yÈisfha u" fldfyafoda
isg ysi l|ska fjka jQ úYd, ñksfil=f.a ìhlre wj;drhla mdù wjq;a
wef.a o¾Yk m:hg we;=¿ jqKs' pls;fhka tfoi n,d isá wehg" ysifla
ke;s" ta ìysiqKq ñksidf.a mmqj ueo r;= mdáka È,sfik tl weila msysgd
we;s nj;a" ta weiska ;¾ckd;aul j" fr!ø f,i wE foi tl t,af,a n,d
isák nj;a weh ÿgqjd h' iQodkula fkd ue;sj isá weh" wk;=rla fõ hhs
ìfhka" fíÍ m,d hkakg is;=jd h' wef.a isf;ys tald.%;djh úisfroa§"
wE ;=< ;snQ ìh iy ielh ;j ;j;a j¾Okh úh' wef.a ìh jeäj;a u" ta
ìhlre wj;drh o áflka ál m%udKfhka úYd, ù" wef.a ìh ;j ;j;a
jeä lf<a h' wef.a ìfhka ;e;s .;a yoj; ief,kakg mgka .;af;a h'
ta laIKfha u wdpd¾h uqka f;reka jykafia ÿka wjjdoh wef.a u;lhg
wdfha h'
—ìh ù lsis Èkl ÿjkak tmd' i;sfhka yd wjfndaOfhka thg

uqyqK fokak'˜
tu isyslsÍu;a iuÕ u" mú;% oekSu biau;= ù" j¾;udkfha msßisÿ

ix{djl is; k;r jqKs' ysi ke;s ìhlre wj;drfhka is; bj;g f.k"
yojf;a we;sjQ ;shqKq ;e;s.;a fõokdj fj; muKla is; fhduq fldg"
wef.a isf;ys we;s jQ Woafõ.h iy ìh áflka ál iukh ùug bv
yeßhd h' ta iu. u wef.a ukfia we;s jQ ìhlre o¾Ykh o ;=kS ù f.dia
w;=reoyka úh'
iudêfhka ke.S isg" kej; mshú ;;a;ajhg is; m;a jQ l,a ys"
is,a ud;d ldhsõ Nh ksid we;sjk wk;=re .ek .eUqßka is;d ne¨jd
h' isf;ys we;sjk Nhùu u" tys ;snQ tl u wk;=r nj;a" weh we;s
l,d hhs is;k rEmfha lsisÿ ìhla wka;¾.; j ke;s nj;a wef.a m%;sNd
{dkfhka oek.;a;d h' Ndjkdfõ § olsk rEm udkisl ixisoaê muKla
nj;a" ta rEmhkag flfkl=f.a is;g fyda lhg fyda wk;=rla f.k
taug lsisÿ Yla;shla fkdue;s nj;a weh oek .;a;d h' tajd wl¾ul"
lsisÿ f;areula ke;s" tajd ;=<ska u mek k.sk o¾Ykhka h' o¾Yk olsk
wjia:dfõ §" tu o¾Ykj,g ;u is; ;=<ska fok w¾:l:kh ;SrKd;aul
h' wk;=r f.k tk fya;=j o fuhhs' is; wmg okjk w¾:l:kh wkqj"
Nh iy wm%ikak;djh W;amdokh lrjhs' th isf;a iu;=,s;;djhg
ydks muqKqjk m%lD;s isysh wjq,a lrjk úI iys; is;sú,s W;amdokh
lrkakls' ìhlre rEmh .ek bfíg u ;u wjOdkh fhduq l< úg"
wY=Njd§" is; ii, lrjk is;sú,s u;= lr" wk;=r fo.=K f;.=K lrhs'
is; tu ìhlre Ñ;a; rEmfhka uqojd" ìys jQ Nh .ek muKla wjOdkh
fhduq l< úg" rEmfha >k;ajh ;=kS ù f.dia is; fmr ;snQ ;ekg
tkï j¾;udkhg" f.k ths' tfia jkafka" tu rEmhg iy Nh keue;s
ixisoaêhg tlg tlaù isáh fkdyels neúks' tksid —Nh˜ fu,a, fkd
l<fyd;a" ;u Ndjkdjg ydks isÿúh yels nj is,a ud;d ldhsõ yg ;shqKq
m%{dfjka jegyqfKa h'
wdpd¾h uqka wehg b.ekajQ Ndjkd l%uh" b;d ir, jQjls' nqoafOda
hkak fkd kj;ajd Y%oaOdfjka rgdjlg lSu myiq l%uhls' kuq;a jir
.Kkdjla w;miq lr isg" kej; tla wruqKlg is; tlÕ lr .ekSug
wehg uy;a jQ ù¾hhla .ekSug isÿ úh' uq, § tmd jk ;;a;ajhkag weh
uqyqK ÿkakd h' iuyr wjia:djl wef.a is;;a lh;a iunr ;djfhka
l%shd fkdlr fome;a;lg wÈk njla jegyqKs' is;g tla fohla wjYH jQ
úg lhg fjk fohla wjYH fõ' is;g fuh ´kE jQ úg lhg th ´kE
fõ' isf;ys;a lfhys;a tlÕ;djhla we;s njla fkd fmkqKs' jeäfhka
wdydr .;a l< w,i nj we;s lf<a h' wdydr u|la .;a l< wiïu;
is;=ú,sj, mg,ejqfKa h' lEu" îu" ys|Su" ksod .ekSu" weú§u" fm!oa.,sl
lghq;=" iduQysl lghq;=" fï yeu tlla u iunrj f.k hkafka flfia
oehs weh fidhd ne¨jd h' ojfia flfrk yeu lghq;a;l § u" fjkia
jk yeu fudfyd;l § u ;u is; ta ta wruqfKys ;nd .ekSu flfia l<
hq;= oehs weh ks;r fjfyi orñka is;=jd h'
ksrdydrj Èk lSmhla l=i .skafka isáñka is,a ud;d m¾fhaIK

l<dh' wdydr wvq ùu" WodiSk;ajh yd w,ilu we;slrk nj;a wiykldÍ
is;sú,s jßka jr we;s lrk nj;a" wef.a wdOHd;añl Yla;sh ySk lrjk
nj;a jegyqKs' tu ishqï ndOdj ksid wE ;=< Ndjkd ÈhqKqj i|yd we;s
Woafhda.h wvqjk nj o" wjfndaO úh' kuq;a wdpd¾h uqka f;reka hgf;a
mqyqKqj ,nk fndfyda NslaIQka" ksrdydr j isàu Ndjkdfõ ÈhqKqjg
we;s jákd WmfoaYhla hhs ms<s.;s' Wka jykafia,d ks;ru jdf.a wdydr
fkdf.k ysßyer ú|sñka" iúu;a ukila we;slr .ekSug;a udkisl
iqmÍlaIdj jeäÈhqKq lr isf;a tald.%;djh we;s lr.ekSug;a fuh
rel=,la fõ hhs ms<s.;ay' kuq;a is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a uki tu woyig
keUqrejla fkd oelaù h' wef.a is; l%shdldÍ jk iajNdjh wkqj" wdydr
fkdf.k isàu iqÿiq fkdjk nj weh wjidkfha ;SrKh l<d h'
fkd ksod isàu fjku lreKls' wef.a jia iufha" fojk udih"
weh bßhõ ;=klska muKla .; l<d h' jdäù" isgf.k iy weú§fuks'
tkï ìu È.d jQfha ke;' weh —ys|s mqyqKqj˜ .ek o mÍlaIK meje;ajQjd
h' wef.a iajdNdúl Yla;sh Wmfhda.S lrf.k Ndjkdfõ ÈhqKqj YS>%.dó
lr .ekSug .kakd m%h;akhla neõ jgyd .;a;d h' fkd ksod isàfuka
wef.a uki §ma;su;a j" ;Sj% jk nj;a" ksi,j Ydka; njlg m;ajk nj;a
weh fidhd .;a;d h' bkamiq weh Èk úis tlla nu È.d fkdù isáhdh'
fkdksod isá iEu ojil u wef.a Ndjkdj .eUqre wählg jegqKq w;r
Ndjkdfõ ÈhqKqj flfrys wE ;=< we;s úYajdih o ;j ;j;a jeä úh'
wef.a wdOHd;añl bkaøshhka ;shqKq lr" wehj ks¾NS; wNsfhda.hkag
uqyqK Èh yels ud;djla l<d h' wE W;am;a;sfhka ,o pß; ,laIK iu.
fuu lreKq ukdj tlsfkl .e,mqfKa h' wE olsk wiajdNdúl o¾Yk"
fjkodg jvd ks;r ks;r fmkqKq w;r tajd w;súfYaI o¾Yk úh( iuyr
tajd u;= isÿúh yels o¾Yk h' iuyrla wrEm ;,hka fj;ska ,o ix{d
h' ;j;a úfgl nqoaO foaYkdjkays wka;¾.; .ïNSr i;Hhka o t<sorõ
úh'
tla rd;%shl" .eUqre iudêfhka ke.S isá is,a ud;d ldhsõ" wef.a
u< isrer frÈ úhk hka;%hla bÈßfha fydjd ;sfnkq ÿgqjd h' u< isrer
ks,a mdg ù bÈó" l=Kq ù me<S ći .,ñka ;snqKs' f,dl= mqxÑ mKqjka"
l=KqjQ uia ;=<ska u;=ù wjq;a isrer mqrd .ejiqKs' tfia crdjg .sh isref¾
i;H iajNdjh ÿgq weh" lïmdù ìh jQjd h' yÈisfhka wdpd¾h uqka ysñ
;udg msgqmiska" ióm j isák njla jegyqKs' wef.a isrer Wäka tu úrEmS
iqrer foi Wka jykafia n,k f,ila wehg jegyqKs' fiñka kuq;a
j.lSfuka" urKh bm§fï iajNdúl m%;sM,hla hhs wehg isysm;a lf<a
h' fï f,dfjys WmÈk iEu i;a;ajfhl= u wjidkfha urKhg m;a fõ'
tu u< isrere crdjg m;a ù" tajd l,ska ;snQ uQ,Od;=j,g ta wdldrfhka
u wdmiq fmrf<hs' ienúka u fï úYajfha ish,a, wks;Hh h" iEu
fudfyd;l u fjkia fjñka mj;S' iEu fohla u l=vd fldgiaj,g ì£
w;=reoyka fõ' urKh yeu úgu wm <Õ ;snqK o" wm ta .ek l,amkd
lrkafka l,d;=rlsks' wdpd¾h uqka ysñ" wef.a Wm; .ek;a jhig hEu
.ek;a wikSm iy urKh .ek;a b;d Wkkaÿfjka isys lsÍug wdrïN
lrk f,i oekaù h'
67
jpkfha mßiudma;fhka u is,a ud;djla jkak'

ÿ.| yuk f,!lsl Ôú;fha
ne|Sïj, meg,S" Tn fï f.k hk is,a ud;d Ôú;h
kdia;s lr.kak ´kE keye'
ta ksid" Tfí ksji iy ¥ orejka foi fod<ÿlska
kej; hka;ñkaj;a yeÍ n,kak tmd'
fonr l+vqj weúiaiqKs
mqxÑ ÿj ldhsõ" jeis ld,fha ksji wjg jev lrñka wef.a {d;s
fidfydhqßhka yd fi,a,ï lrñka ld,h .; l<d h' weh ks;r u i;=áka
bkakd oeßhla jqj o" ksji ;=< wef.a wïudf.a ;ekam;a jQ Ydka; yeisÍu
fkdue;s ùu" wehg ;Èka oefkkakg úh' wef.a mshd" nqkaud i;=áka
;eîug weh f.or fodf¾ jevm< uy;a fjfyila f.k" Wkkaÿfjka
bgq l<d h' kuq;a Tyqf.a is; ;=< l=ula fyda le<öula we;s nj fmkS
.sfha h' w¨hu ksjiska msgj hk Tyq fndfyda Èkhkays kej; meñKsfha
fndfyda ? fnda ùh'
fmdfydh Èkhkays ldhsõ .fï ldka;djka iuÕ jÜ fkdx fkdx

wdrKHhg f.dia wef.a wïud iuÕ nqoaO jkaokdjkag iyNd.s jQjd h'
f.or isÿjk foa .ek ish¨ úia;r weh fkdkj;ajd u ujg lshdf.k
lshdf.k .shd h' ÿjf.a úia;r weiQ is,a ud;d ldhsõ" wef.a iajdñhd jßka
jr f.or fkd tau .ek lkiai,a,g m;a jQjd h' Tyq iuyr Èkl îu;a
j f.or tk nj o ta l;dj,ska wEg jegyqKs' ta ksid mqxÑ ÿj fjkqfjka
b|ysg f.or f.dia jevm<j,g wehg iydh ù" tuÕska iajdñhdf.a
yeisÍu .ek o ;rula wjOdkfhka isàug;a weh ;SrKh l<d h'
f.org we;=¿ fjoa§" wef.a iajdñhd f.or fkd isá neõ wehg tl
jrg u ta;a;= .sfha h' ojia lSmhla u" weh wef.a ÈhKshg Woõ ùu i|yd"
Whd msyd" frÈ fidaod" f.or fodr msßisÿ lsÍï wd§ jevm<j, fhÿKd
h' kuq;a nqkaud f.or meñKsfha ke;' jia úiQ wka;su udifha i;shlg
tla Èkla weh f.or .sh uq;a" ta tl o Èkhl § j;a ;u iajdñhd uqK
fkd .eiqKs' wi, f.orl jekaoUqjla iuÕ Tyq fm%au iïnkaOhla f.k
hk njg ´md ¥m me;sfrkakg úh' tajd wef.a lkg o jegqKs' Tyq u;a
meka fndk nj;a wehg fydrd u;a meka fndk ;ekaj, ks;r .ejfik
nj;a wdrxÑ úh'
is,a ud;d ldhsõ wef.a iajdñhdf.a yeisÍu .ek l<lsÍug m;a jQjd
h' widrj;a újdy Ôú;hla f.k hñka" kej;;a ksji lrd tau wehg ord
.; fkd yels úh' wd¾h ud¾.fha .uka lsÍug weh is; ;=<ska m%d¾:kd
l<d h' is,a ud;d ldhsõ weh ÿka fmdfrdkaÿfõ f.!rjh wdrlaId l< o"
wef.a iajdñhdg újdy Ôú;fha iodpdrd;aul uQ,sl isoaOdka; mjd /lSug
wmyiq jQ fyhska" Tjqkf.a újdy Ôú;fha wkd.;h wk;=rg m;a úh'
jia úiSfï wjika Èk lSmh <x fjoa§" wef.a ó<Õ mshjr l=ula
úh hq;= oehs is;ñka is,a ud;d ldhsõ fjfyfikakg jQjd h' kej;
fuu újdy Ôú;hg fldgq ùug wehg lsisfia;a wdYdjla we;s fkdjQ
kuq;a wef.a ÈhKshf.a wkd.;h .ek weh lkiai,a,g m;a jQjd h' mqxÑ
ÈhKshg ióm j isàug wehg jqjukdj ;snqK o" wjqreÿ oyhla jhi we;s
wehj" wdrKHfha ;nd .ekSu l< fkdyels fohla nj o wehg jegyqKs'
.sysf.h w;er od" meñKs flfkl=g" ;j;a oeßhla wdrKHh ;=< yod
jvd .ekSug lsisÿ yelshdjla fkd;snqKs' wdrKHfha ms<sfh, jQ wdydr
m%udKj;a jQfha tys isá whf.a hemSu i|yd muKs'
fuu fõokd f.k fok is;sú,s weh" i;s .Kkla ie,ls,a,g fhduq
lrñka" l=ula l< hq;= oehs" l,amkd l<d h' tys§ wehf.a wdrKHh Ôú;h
iy .Dy Ôú;h hk f,dal folu ;u ffoksl Ôú;hg iïnkaO lr
.; yels neõ wehg jegyqKs' ujla f,i iy ìß|la f,i wef.a hq;=lï"
oyj,a ld,fha § ksjfiys § l< yels nj;a" rd;%s ld,fha wdrKHfha
Ndjkd lrñka wef.a wdOHd;añl wruqKq bgq lr .ekSug fjfyi oeßh
wNsksIal%uKh ( fonr l+vqj weúiaiqKs 69
yels nj;a wehg jegyqKs' fuu ie,iqu iodpdr iïu;fhka neyer jqj
o" w;d;aúl jqj o" weh tfia lrf.k hEug wiykfhka jqj;a uykais
.;a;d h'
jia jiSu wjidk jQ Èkfha §" is,a ud;d ldhsõ ;u ksji lrd
meñKshd h' kuq;a weh wef.a iqÿ is,a we÷ï w; fkd yeßhd h' tfia u
weh iudoka jQ YS,h mjdrKh lf<a o ke;' iiqka .; jQ is,a ud;djla
f,i È.ska È.gu isàug wE ;SrKh l<d h' wef.a we;a; ;;aFjh
f,dalfhka ieÕùug" l¿ yeÜghla iy l¿ idhla" ;u iqÿ is,a we÷ï
u;= msáka weka|d h' Woh jrej iy oyj,a jrej" weh ldhsõ ÈhKsh
iu. .; lrñka" f.a fodr jevm, iy wdydr msiSï wdÈh l<d h'
rd;%s wdydrh ilia fldg fïih u; ;nd" l¿jr ke.S taug m%:u
wdrKHh lrd hEug weh ie,iqï l<d h' is,a ud;d ldhsõ" wef.a
iajdñhd iu. rd;%s lEug ys| .;a; o Tyqg muKla wdydr fnod" weh
fkdld isáhd h' weh wdrKHfha wka is,a ud;djka fuka oyj,a lEfuka
miq wdydr .ekSfuka je<lS" tu YslaId moh È.gu wdrlaId l<d h'
is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a rd;%s ld,fha ksjfia fkd /|Su" wef.a iajdñhdf.a
fl%daOh W;aikak ùug fya;=jla úh' wef.a wuq;= yeisÍu .ek ksoyig
lreKq lSug Tyq wehg ;¾ckh lr" Tyq iu. tlg jdäù rd;%s lEu
lEug n, lf<a h' weh tu b,a,Su m%;slafIam l<úg" Tyq fldamfhka
ke.sg wef.a w;ska ñßld w,a,d .;af;a h' w; .id oeuQ weh" Tyqf.ka
ñ§" fõ.fhka msh.eg fm< nei" ksjiska msg ù ÿjkakg jQjd h'
nqkaud wef.a miqmi ÿjkakg úh' kuq;a jdikdjlg wef.a jeäuy,a
ifydaorhd w;r uÕ§ yuqjQ fyhska" Tyq wehg hkakg bv fok f,i"
nqkaudg wjjdo lf<a h' Tjqkf.a újdyh úkdY jQfha hhs nqkaud fldamfhka
lE fudr fokakg úh'
—WUg wfma foafmd,j,ska fldgila ´kE jqfkd;a" ug úreoaO j

Èia;%sla uy Widúfha kvqjla odmx˜ hs lshñka nqkaud lE .eiqfõh' is,a
ud;d ldhsõ br nei hoa§" .u yryd fjfyi fkd;ld È.gu ÿjkakg jQjd
h' wef.a f,!lsl Ôú;fha wiSñ; ÿla lïlfgd¨ fõokd .ek is;ñka"
oeä wiykhg m;a jQ weh" lsis Èkl ;u is,a we÷ï fkd .,jkakg ta
fudfydf;a ;SrKh l<d h'
is,a ud;d ldhsõ kej; wdrKHh fj; toa§" wka ish¨ is,a ud;djka
wE .ek w;sYfhka lkiai,a,g m;aù isák njla fmkqKs' wehg isÿjQ
wlr;eính" Tjqkg úia;r lroa§" fcHIaG is,a ud;d vex" tkï uhs Ö
vex" wehg neK jeÿKdh'
—fudlgo Tn wdfhu;a iajdñ mqreIhd <Õg .sfha @ Tn lrkafka

fonr l+vqjla wjqiaikjd jdf.a jevla' mdvula bf.k .kak' .skaorg
w; Èla lrkak hkak tmd' Tfí w; msÉpqfka ke;;a" Tn Tfí wd;au
f.!rjh mqÉpd .kakjd˜
is,a ud;d ldhsõ" wef.a iajdñhd iu. we;s ishü iïnkaO;d ì|

oeóug ;ksju ;¾l l<d h' kuq;a wehf.a fidfydhqfrda" iajdñhd iu.
we;sjQ wdrjq," ;u iajdñhd iu. uq,ska úi|d .ekSug uykais .; hq;=hhs
wef.ka b,a,d isáhy' Tjqkg lSlre jQ weh" Èk lSmhlg miq kej; f.or
f.dia" Tjqkf.a újdyh iïnkaOj iajdñhd iu. idlÉPd fldg iqÿiq
;SrKhlg taug uykais .;a;d h' kuq;a wef.a iajdñhd lsisÿ ;SrKhlg
t<öug leue;a;la fkd oelaú h' újdyfhka miq weh ,nd .;a ish,a,
u Tyqg whs;s úh hq;=hhs Tyq ;rfha lshd isáfha h' ;SrKhla .; hq;=j
;snqfKa" mdrïmßl j wef.a foudmshka f.ka weh i;= jQ foafmd< .ek h'
oekgu;a ish,a, w;yer" .sysf.ka ksla u isák is,a ud;d ldhsõ yg" wE
i;= ish,a, nqkaud yg mejÍu b;d iq¨ fohla úh' mqjla Y=oaO lsÍug wE
i;=j ;snQ l=vd msysh yer fjk lsisjla Tyqf.ka n,dfmdfrd;a;= fkdjk
nj weh Tyqg mejiqjd h' fldamfhka lE .eiQ nqkaud" tu msys lE,a,;a
Tjqkf.a oEjeoao;a iu. ,enqK fohla fyhska th o whs;s jkafka Tyqg
nj fnßyka foñka lSh' tu m%;slafIam lsÍu;a iuÕ u is,a ud;d ldhsõ"
wef.a .Dy Ôú;hg iïmQ¾Kfhka u msgqmd wE i;= ishü f,!lsl jia;+ka
.ek lsisÿ we,Sula fkdlr w;yeßhd h'
ish,a, ks.ukh l< miq weh ÈhKshg ryfia l;d l<d h' wehf.a
is;g ord .; yels jk ;rug isÿjQ ish,a, wehg myod §" Tjqkf.a
Ôú;j, mßj¾;kh jgyd §" tajd .ek bjiSfuka wjfndaO lr.kakd
yeáhg wdorfhka b,a,d isáhd h' wïudf.a wruqK jgyd .;a l=vd
ldhsõ" weh o wdrKHhg f.k f.dia fofokdu tlg Ôj;a ùug wysxil
j wjir b,a,ñka ne.Em;a jQjd h'
wNsksIal%uKh ( fonr l+vqj weúiaiqKs 71
is,a ud;d wdrKHfha úkh fr.=,diSkag wkqj th l< fkdyels

fohla nj weh flfrys uy;a lreKdfjka fõokd uqiq j ms<s;=re ÿkakd
h' wE i;= ish,a, wef.a mshdg Ndr ÿka ksid" wehj yod jvd fmdaIKh
lsÍug wehg j;alula oekg ke;s nj weh mejiqjd h' tfuka u is,a
ud;d wdrKHh" l=vd <oeßhla yod jvd .ekSug iqÿiq ;ekla fkdjk
nj o mejiqjd h' is,a ud;d ldhsõ wehg wef.a mshd iuÕ" fï ld,fha
/£ isák f,i b;d ikaiqka j tfy;a ;rfha lshd isáhd h' wef.a mshdg
wehj n,d lshd .ekSug ish¨ myiqlï yd iïm;a we;s nj mjid ta ish¨
u j;alï yd foafmd, mrïmrdfjka wehg whs;s jk nj o mejiqjd h'
weh jeäúh meñKs miq fï wdYdj túg o mej;sh fyd;a" wehg wïud
iuÕ Ôj;aùug wdrKHhg meñKsh yels neõ o mejiqjd h' wef.a wïud
tÈk uq¿ yoj;ska u wehj ms<sf.k" wef.a wdOHd;añl Ôú;fha .=rejßh
ùug o fmdfrdkaÿ jQjd h' wlue;af;ka jqjo" wïudg lSlre j" ÿka wjjdo
ms<sf.k" mshd iuÕ Ôj;aùug weh tlÕ jQjd h'
ÿla uqiqj l,amkd lrñka is,a ud;d ldhsõ wdrKHh n,d msh ke.=jd
h' ish¨ {d;Skaf.ka iy ys; ñ;=rkaf.ka iaÓrj u wE;a ù hEug .;a
fuu ;SrKh .ek fyd| krl is;ñka wE fiñka fiñka .uka l<d h'
tfia hk wehg isys jQfha ish¨ rdclSh iem iïm;a yd jia;+ka w;yer
isoaOd¾: l=ure hfidaOrdj iy mq;a rdyq, ;kslr ud<s.dfjka msgj .sh
whqre h' Tyq foudmsh hq;=lïj,g msgqmd .sysf.h w;yer tu wNS; .uk
msg;ajQfha" uq¿ úYajh u .re l< úYsIag wd¾h i;H O¾uh wjfndaO fldg
bm§u iy urKh wvx.= ixidr pl%h iïmQ¾Kfhka u úkdY lsÍfï
oDV wêIaGdkfhks' iïnqoaO;ajhg m;a jQ nqÿrcdKka jykafia ishü
f,!lsl mß;Hd.hkaf.ka Tíng f.dia" ish¨ u iïuq;s O¾uhka blau
jQ nqoaO;ajh idlaId;a l< fial' ÿlska ksoyia jQ Wka jykafia wkka; jQ
i;a;aj ixLHdjlg ÿlska ksoyia ùug ud¾.h lshd ÿka fial' n%yaup¾hd
Èúfha wruqK uekúka" lsisÿ fjkila fkdue;s j is;ays OdrKh lr.;a
is,a ud;d ldhsõ" nqÿka jykafia .;a u. hEug w;s uy;a Wkkaÿjlska
wêIaGdk lr .;a;d h'
Tfí uki ¥IKh lsÍug" mßydKshg m;a lsÍug

.,d tk flf,ia m%jdyhka foi
úuis,af,ka n,d isákak'
Tn /jàug tajdg bv fkdfokak'
tu flf,iaj, yeisÍu y÷kd .ekSug
Tn olaI jqj fyd;a" tu wY=NjdoS Yla;Ska Y=NjdoS wdOHd;añl Yla;Skag
fmr<Sug Tng yelsjkq we;'
oji mqrd j;=r weo weo''''''
is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a tä;r ;SrKh" ndka yqwdhs idhs .ïudkfha ldf.a;a
yeÕSï wjqiaik fya;=jla úh' fomd¾Yjfha u j.lsj hq;= {d;Ska fuu
isoaêh .ek oeä úIu woyia lshd mEy' jÜ fkdx fkdx wdrKHfha
iiqka.; j isá fndfyda ldka;dfjda o" fuu .ïudkhg kElï we;s
whj¨ka neúka" fuu l,ne.EKshg iïnkaO fkdù isàug fkdyels úh'
Tjqka is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a ;SrKhg tlÕ jQy' jeä fokd wehg iydh
ÿkay' fuu isoaêh" .fï wkjYH ´md¥m me;srhkag o wjldYhla ,nd
ÿka w;r" is,a ud;djkaf.a wdrKHh ;=<g .fï m%Yak we;=¿ùug wkjYH
f,i bka bv ie,iqKs' wdrKHh" .ug wdikakj msysgd ;snQ fyhska
bka je,lS isàug o wmyiq úh' lreKq flfia fj;;a .fï .sys m%Yak
wdrKHfha wdOHd;añl ikaiqka njg ydkshla fkdlr .ekSug" bÈßfha§
Bg iqÿiq ;SrKhla .ekSfï wjYH;djh mek ke.=Ks' .sys m%Yakj,ska
wE;a ùu i|yd wdrKHh .fuka wE; fjk;a ;eklg f.k hd hq;= hhs
is,a ud;dfjda idlÉPd l<y' wdrKHfha fcHIaG is,a ud;dj jQ uhs Ö
vex ud;dj" tu woyig tlÕ jQjd h' .fï lghq;= ksid wdrKHfha we;s
iduldó jd;djrKhg ydkslr fkd jk fia ÿrlska wdrKHh ia:dms;
úh hq;= nj wef.a o woyi úh'
wNsksIal%uKh ( oji mqrd j;=r weo weo'''''' 73
wdpd¾h lï mdka ysñfhda jÜ fkdx fkdx wdrKHfha fiakdikdêm;s

jQy' Wkajykafia Ndjkdfjka is; ÈhqKq lr .;a oeä úkhlska hq;a"
Oq;dx. NslaIqjla jYfhka fndfyda fokdf.a f.!rjdorhg md;% jQ" wdpd¾h
lka;iSf,da ysñf.a f.da, ysñ kuls' wdrKHfha úkh" iqN idOkh iy
Y%djl Y%dúldjkaf.a wdOHd;añl .=K j.dfõ j.lSu Wkajykafia i;=
úh' .syshkaf.a m%Yak" wdrKH.; is,a ud;djkag ;Èka n,md we;s fya;=j
ksid" is,a ud;d vex iy is,a ud;d hsx" fuu lreK wdpd¾h lï mdka
ysñ iu. §¾> j idlÉPd l<y' wjidk ;SrKh Wkajykafiaf.a h'
wdrKHfha NslaIQka yd is,a ud;djka iu. woyia yqjudre lr .ekSfuka
miqj" wdikakfha l÷jeáhl kj wdrKHhla bÈlr tys jdih i|yd
hEug Wkajykafia ;SrKh l<y'
mQ .d´ lkao msysáfha" l=vd l÷jeáhla jk mQ mdka l÷jeáfha md

uq,h' ndka yqwdhs idhs isg ie;mqï yhla jhU foiska msysáfha h' b;d
merKs wä mdrj,a iy ó yrla lr;a; mdrj,a fuu l÷ mduq,g jkdka;rh
yryd jeà ;snqKs' ;ekla fidhdf.k tu mdrj,a Èf.a flfkl=g hEu
ÿIalr ld¾hhls' by< l÷jeáh" l÷.,a fy,aj,ska iukaú; úh' m¾j;
m%md;hka nyq, j msysgd ;snQ w;r Wig jevqKq WK m÷re Bg .Efjñka
jeã ;snqKs' o¾YkSh l÷ .,a m%md;" l÷jeáfha È.g ;o ÿUqre mdáka úys§
.sh w;r" úh¿Kq fm| mdis tajdfha we,S mej;sKS' bÈßhg fkrd .sh
iajdNdúl j u ks¾udKh jQ .,a f,ka jeiafika yd ;o wõfjka flfkl=g
wdrlaIdj ,nd ÿKs' uq,§" iqÿiq l=á idod .ekSug l,a fõ,d .;jk
fyhska tf;la tu .,a f,kaj, NslaIQka iy is,a ud;djka ,e.=ï .;ay'
;djld,slj WK ngj,ska l=vd ueis ne| f;; fmdf<dj fkd.Efjk
f,i ilid .;ay' tla tla flkd" fjk fjk ia:dkj, idod .;a ueis
u; ksoñka Ndjkd lrñka jdih l<y' jeisls<s fkd ;snQ fyhska Tjqka
f,ka ixlS¾Kh fl<jr ;u ;ukaf.a YÍrlD;H lf<a" .ia Wv isá
j÷rka úu;sfhka n,d isáoa§ h'
uQ,sl wjYH;djh jQfha j;=r h' msßisÿ j;=r f.k taug meh Nd.hla
muK ÿIalr .ukla hdug isÿúh' l÷ folla w;ßka my<g nei" .,amr
w;ßka l÷ mduq, we;s l=vd Tfhka j;=r f.k taug isÿ úh' ldf.a;a
tlÕ;djh u; lksIaG is,a ud;djkag j;=r f.k tafï ld¾h h Ndr

úh' NslaIQyq iy wi, .ïjdiS f.dúfhda kj wdrKHhg wjYH uQ,sl
bÈlsÍïj, ksr; jQy'
Èkm;d yS,a odkfhka miq wfkla is,a ud;djka iu. j;=r f.k
tau i|yd is,a ud;d ldhsõ o iyNd.s jQjd h' ysia Ndck folla" ,Shl
fofldfka ne|" lola fia ilid j;=r f.k tafï rdcldßhg weh o
tl;= jQjd h' l÷ mduq, Thg nisk ;=re" weh iSrefjka nEjqï iys; .,a
w;ßka .ia w;ßka" idod .;a wä mdr Tiafia m%fõifuka .uka l<d h'
.,dhk Th bjqf¾ oK .idf.k" Ndckj,g msßisÿ j;=r msfrk ;=re
weh i;=áka n,d isáhd h' lo fome;af;a j;=r msreKq Ndck fol t,a,d
f.k" j;=r lo tla lrlg f.k kej;;a tu ÿIalr wä mdfrka u lkao
ke." w¿;ska bÈ fjk wdrKHhg wE meñfKkakS h' .,a mr k.sñka"
.ia .,a w;ßka ßx.ñka" lo iu nr j ;nd .ksñka" weo .;a j;=r ál
m%fõifuka wrKg f.k tkakS h' y;s ouñka wrK fj; tk is,a ud;d
ldhsõ" fjfyi fkdn,d fofjks jrg o" j;=r f.k tau i|yd my<g
niskakS h' ;=ka jeks jrg o weh lkao k.skakS h' niskakS h' ;j;a
jrla'''' k.skakS h'''''''' niskakS h'
j;=r f.k tau w;sYhska fjfyilr ld¾hhls' Èkm;d tlu taldldÍ

fjfyi lr ke.Suls' neiSuls' weh lsis whqrlska miq fkdnei iEu
Èklu wehg wh;a j;=r we§u bgq l<d h' wef.a uQ,sl wêIaGdkfha lsisÿ
fjkila we;s fkd jqKs' f,!lsl Ôú;fha úm;a wdOHd;añl Ôú;fha
l=i,a njg fmr,d .ekSug wÈgka lr.;a is,a ud;d ldhsõ" weh ;nk tla
tla mshjrla mdid nqoafOda nqoafOda lshñka" isysfhka Wvg my<g .uka
l<d h' ol=Kq mh ;noa§ nqoa hkako" jï mh ;noa§ fOda hkako lshñka
i;sfhka .uka l<d h' wef.a yoj; Ydka; úh' j;=r Ndck ieye,a¨
úh' uykaish wvq úh' j;=r f.k tau wehg b;d myiq ld¾hhla úh'
yeu fudfyd;lu weh i;sfhka .; l<d h' iEu mshjrla u i;sfhka
;enqjd h'
is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a fidfydhqfrda fofokd weh ne,Sug mQ

.d´ wdrKHhg b|ysg meñKshy' wE f.k hk ÿIalr Ôú;h oel
wNsksIal%uKh ( oji mqrd j;=r weo weo'''''' 75
fidfydhqfrda fofokd mqÿu jQy' wehg Tjqkaf.a iydh ;sfnk

nj TjQyq wehg oekajQy' TjQyq fofokd o is,a ud;djkag j;=r weo
§ug Woõ jQy' tfia jqj;a NslaIQka yh fofkl=g;a is,a ud;djka mia
fofkl=g;a tu c,h m%udKj;a fkd ù h' wE ú|sk ÿIalr Ôú;h ÿgq
ifydaorfhda" wjidkfha wehg Tjqka iu. ndka yqwdhs idhs .ug kej;
tk f,i weúá,s lf<da h' Tjqka fofokd ;u ke.Ksh n,d.kakd
njg;a" wef.a wjYH;d imqrd fok njg;a fmdfrdkaÿ úh' wef.a iajdñhd
kej; újdyhla lrf.k" ldhsõ ÈhKsh o legqj ksji o úl=Kd fjk;a
m%dka;hlg mÈxÑhg .sh nj oekajQy' kuq;a is,a ud;d ldhsõ wef.a wdrKH
.; Ôú;h fjkia fkd lr wdpd¾h lï mdka ysñ iuÕ Ndjkdfhda.S j
mQ .d´ lkao wdY%s; j jdih lsÍug bgd .;a;d h'
ál Èkla .;fjoa§ wdrKHfha bÈlsÍï lghq;= áflka ál ksu

úh' kuq;a c, m%Yakh W.% jkakg úh' l÷ mduq, Tfha isg Èkm;d j;=r
by<g f.k tñka" jeä l,la jdih lsÍug wmyiq neõ ldg;a jegyqfKa
h' <Õ md; j;=r W,am;a fiùu o ksIaM, m%h;akhla úh' c,h .ek
iqka jQ n,dfmdfrd;a;= we;s j" Èkla is,a ud;d ldhsõ oeä wêIaGdkhlska
Ndjkdjg ys| .;a;d h' m¾hxlfhka" l| fl,ska fldg jdä jQ weh" ;u
yoj; ;=<g is; fhduq lrjñka wêIaGdkhla l<d h'
—ug;a wdrKHfha wka whg;a È.g u fuu wdrKHfha jdih lsÍug

jdikdj we;akï" fï <Õmd; c, W,am;a wmg yuq jkak ´ke'˜
weh fufia wêIaGdkfhka hq;=j Ndjkdjg fhduq jQjd h' tÈk

ueÈhï rd;%sfha weh .eUqre iudêfhka msìfooa§ W,am;a tfldf<dila we;s
o¾Ykhla wehg Èia úh' tu W,am;a ;=re je,aj,ska" È. ;K fld<j,ska
jeiS ;snqKs' weh fuu lkao wjg weúo yqre mqreÿ neúka" fuu W,am;a
we;s biõj weh Ndjkdj ;=<ska y÷kd .;a;d h' m%Odk f,fka isg tu
W,am;aj,g we;af;a b;d flá ÿrla njo wE ÿgq oiqfkka jgyd .;a;d
h'
miq Èk is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a fkdbjis,su;a b,a,Su mßÈ wfkla is,a

ud;dfjda o W,am;a fiùug mgka .;ay' m%Odk f,kg wdikakfha" weh
oekajQ mßÈu ;=re je,aj,ska jeiqKq W,am;a .Kkdjla yuqúh' wdpd¾h

lï mdka ysñ ,o wdrxÑfhka i;=gq j is,a ud;dfjda iy .ïuqka o tl;= j
j,a ìysù ;snQ W,am;a mdod Y=oaO lrkakg jQy' iuyr W,am;a wä úiaila
muK .eUqrg yEÍ ;snqKs' u;=msg /|S ;snQ mdis fld< frdvq Y=oaO fldg"
ish,af,da u msßisÿ c, W,am;a mdod .;s' Y=oaO mú;% lsÍu ksu jk õg uq¿
wdrKHhg u wjqreoao mqrd lsisÿ wvqjla fkdue;sj c,h we;s ;rï ;sfnk
nj Tjqyq oek .;s'
77
ñksiqka ÿlg m;ajkafka

w;yßkafka ke;sj ;Èka w,a,d .kakd fyhsks'
iEySulg m;a fkdùu" Tjqka miq mi"
hk hk ;ek yUd hhs'
Tn Tfí yoj; foi iqmÍlaIdldÍ j n,d
ÿlg fya;=j fidhd th w;yßkak'
i;HdjfndaO fodrgqj ;=<ska ''''
mQ .d´ l÷ jeáfha .,a f,kaj, jdih lrk ld,fha" rd;%S ld,fha

Ndjkd lroa§" fndfyda wjia:dj, wreu mqÿu wiajdNdúl ixisoaëkag is,a
ud;d ldhsõ uqyqK mEjd h' tajd weh lsis Èkl w;a kqÿgq woaN+; o¾Ykhka
h' .eUqre iudêfhka ;rula msìÿKq miq" wef.a uki wdOHd;añl Yla;Ska
tlsfkl yryd hk" yqremqreÿ f,djla lrd t<fUk nj wehg jegyqKs(
tu f,dal" N+; fm%a; Ôùka fjfik .sKsh fkdyels ;rï ;,hkaf.ka
iukaú; h' fuu ;,hkays" fjfik we;eï i;ajfhda" w÷re my;a
;,hkag wh;a lhla ke;s i;aFjhka h' fiiq Ôùka Wiia ;,hkag wh;a
m%Ndiajr jQ ÈjH n%yau f,dalhkag wh;a Ôúka h' wef.a Ndjkd is; fufia
tjka ;,hkag fhduq ùu" wehj fjk;a úYajhlg we;=¿ jk fia újD;
fodrgqjlg ;,a¨ l<dla fuka wehg yeÕ=Ks'
n, Yla;Ska folla fome;a;g wÈñka wef.a wjOdkh ,nd .ekSug

;r. lrkakd fia wef.a yoj;g oekqKs' fuu wjia:dj wdpd¾h uqka
y÷kajd § ;snqfKa Wmpdr iudêh hkqfjks' fï fudfyd; <Õd fjoa§"
wehg fuu úYaj Yla;Skag f.dÿre ùfï wjOdkh fndfyda fihska we;s
nj;a" fuu fodrgqfjka t<shg hEug m%:u" ;u is; oeä tald.%;djhlska
md,kh lr.; hq;= nj;a Wkajykafia wk;=re wÕjd ;snqKs' tu wjjdoh

is,a ud;d ldhsõ ms<s.;a; o wka;rdodhl ;;a;ajhlg uqyqK §fï
tä;rlu wE i;=j ;snQ fyhska" msg; ne,Sfï l=;=y,h wehg j<lajd .;
fkdyels úh'
weh tu fudfydf;a ÿgq foa weh jYS l<d fuka u Nfhka ìrdka;
lf<a h' isrerla ke;s N+;fhda l;d lr;s' - iuyrla y~ñka ú,dm k.;s'
weh jglr .;a fï we;af;da Tjqkag msysg b,a,d lE.iñka" wf|dakd
k.ñka" wdhdpkd lrkakg úh' Tjqka l< lS foa ksid m;aj we;s fï
ÿlaÅ; ;;a;ajfhka Tjqkg wkqlïmdfjka" uqojd .kakd f,i ne.Em;a
jkakg úh' iuyrla úldr rEm iy úrEmS ÿudrhka fia iEÿKq N+;
rEm Tjqkg we,S ;snqKd fia wehg fmkqKs' fmr wd;auj, Tjqka i;= jQ
iuyrla rEm fldgia Nhdkl fmkqfuka hqla;j Tjqka miqmi mdfjk
wj;drhka fia we,S tk njla o fmkqKs' fuf;la ksu fkdjQ Tjqkaf.a
Nhdkl È.= .ukl fuho tla fldgila neõ ta ìysiqKq o¾Ykhka ÿgq
wehg jegyqKs' fï ish,af,da wef.a wjOdkh wkqlïmdj lreKdj b,a,d
y~ñka mskafiKavq jQy' wef.a wkqlïmdj ,fod;a tu wkaOldr jf<ka
f.dv taug hka;ñkaj;a rel=,la ,efnkq we;ehs iuyr N+;fhda bÕs
l<y'
wef.a Ndjkd o¾Yk m:hkag fndfyda wjia:dj, § urKhg m;ajQ"

ysi l|ska fjkajQ ;sßika i;=ka f.a N+; rEm Èia úh' Tjqka w;suy;a jQ
ÿla fõokd ú|sk nj;a thska w;a ñ§ug Tjqkg wef.ka mska álla ,nd
fok f,i;a b,a,ñka ne.Em;a jQy' tla Èkla ueÈhï rd;%sfha is,a ud;d
ldhsõ .eUqre iudêfhka msìfooa§ uE;l § urkq ,enQ" ú{dkh muKla
we;s ysi l|ska fjka jQ ó yrfll=f.a o¾Ykhla wE bÈßfha Èia úh'
Wf.a ffojh .ek ,;fjñka fõokdfjka weh bÈßfha lE fudr ÿkafka
h' N+; wj;drhla fia wef.a o¾Yk m:fha t,a,S isá tu N+; iajrEmh"
Wf.a ÿlaÅ; w;S; l;dj weh bÈßfha jy jyd ixksfõokh lf<a h'
is,a ud;d ldhsõ wef.a ukiska tu mKsúvh Wrd .ksoa§" ó .jhd Wf.a
whs;slrejd oreKq l=ßre ñksfil= nj;a Tyq yojf;a lsisÿ lreKdjla
ke;s" fikyila ke;s ñksfil= nj;a mejiS h' Tyq ;u ó .jhd Wfoa
wNsksIal%uKh ( i;HdjfndaO fodrgqj ;=<ska'''' 79
isg ijia jk ;=re u k.=f,ka iS iEug fyda lr;a;h we§ug fyda fhojQ
kuq;a ojfia nr jev ksu jQjdg miq W! flfrys lsisÿ ie,lSula fkd
olajk nj lS h' tmuKla fkdj fï lDDr ñksid ks;ru W!g myr
fokak;a fkdfhla wdldrfha YÍr jO nkaOk fokak;a mqreÿ j isá
kmqre ñksfil= nj o lSfõh' wka;sfï§ fï wysxil ó .jhd .ilg ysr
lr ne| l=ßre f,i >d;kh lr uig .;a nj o fõokdfjka mejiS h'
uefrkakg l,ska jpfkka f;areï .kakg neß;rï oreKq fõokd jO
ysxid úkao nj oeä ys;a fõokdfjka hq;=j is,a ud;djg ixksfõokh
lf<a h' ta oreKq ñksid oejeka; fmd,a,lska ta i;df.a ysig tl È.g
myr fokakg jQ nj;a wjg wyi fodaxldr fokak ;rï uy yçka lE
fudr ÿka nj;a isysika ke;sj ìu weo jefgk ;=re myr ÿka nj;a lSfõ
h' fï l;dj lshk ó .jhdf.a isrerla ke;s ú{dkh fï jk úg;a
NS;sfhka ;e;s .ksñka Wf.a merKs .jrEm l,dmhkag we,S isáfha h'
tfia úrEmS iajrEmfhka isáñka is,a ud;d ldhsõf.ka msx b,a,d ne.Em;a
jQfha h' fufia y~ñka msx b,a,d isákafka u;= ñksia wd;auhl bm§ug
bka yelshdjla we;ehs W! ;=< úYajdihla we;s fyhskehs o lSfõ h'
is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a ldreKsl yoj; bfjka fuka y÷kd.;a ta .j

N+;hd W! wh;a i;aj j¾.hd fmdÿfõ ú|sk ÿla fõokd .ek È.ska È.g u
wehg úia;r lf<a h' l=Uqre jevg .kakd ó yrla fudk ;rï ñksidf.a
l=ßrelï bjid ord isáh hq;= oehs úia;r lf<a h' ñksiqka Wka flfrys
lsisÿ ohdkqlïmdjla olajkafka ke;s nj oekaù h' wksla ;sßika i;a;=
o ks;ru jdf.a ó .jhdg fjkialï lr;s' f.dúfmd<j,aj, bkakd
i;=ka fkdfhla jo ysxid ÿla fõokd ú|sñka fldmuK wf.!rjhkag
,lafjkjd o@ kuq;a b;du my;a uÜgfï Ôj;ajk kSp ÿmam;a ñksfil=j;a
tjka wf.!rjhkag md;% fkdjk nj o oeä ÿllska lSh' fï lreKq ksid
ó .jhd u;= wd;aufha § ñksfil= ùug oeä leue;a;la olajk nj o
wjidkfha lshd isáfha h'
ñksidf.a l=ßrelï iïnkaOj ó .jhd lS l;dj is,a ud;d ldhsõ

mqÿufhka wid isáhd h' kuq;a wE okakd y÷kk .u wjg fjfik fndfyda
f.dúfhda lreKdjka;" ñ;%YS,S wh nj fyd|ska okakd ksid" wehg tu
l;dfjka we;sjQ ielh" Ndjkdj ;=<ska u ó .jhdg oekajQjd h' Wf.a

iajdñhd lsisÿ udkqIsl iodpdrhla fkd okakd" kmqre l=ßre ñksfila nj ó
.jhd wehg oekajQfha h' ó .jhdf.a yoj; fl%daOfhka iy m,s.ekSfuka
hqla; fyhska l;dj úlD;s lrkakg we;ehs wehg iel is;=Ks' iuyr úg
ó .jhdf.a yeisÍu o fkdfydìkd fyhska iajdñhd W!g ysßyer lrkakg
we;ehs o wehg is;=Ks' ó .jhdf.a whs;sldrhd W!g ;,kakg we;af;a
iuyr úg iOdrK fya;=jlg jkak;a ms<sjka nj wehg ta;a;= .sfha h'
fuu woyia wef.a yoj; újD; fldg ó .jhdg ikaksfõokh l<d h'
—Tn ljod fyda wka wh isgjQ t<j÷ ta f.j;=j,g je§ lEjd o@

l=Uqrej,g hdno j j.d l< t<j¿ fldgq Tn ld úkdY lf<a o@ fï
.ïudkh wjg Ôj;a jk ñksiaiq lreKdjka; fyd| f.dúfhda' Tn;a jerÈ
lf<a ke;skï Tjqka Tng jO ysxid lrkafka fudlg o@ ug ysf;kafk
Tn;a jerÈ jev lrmq ksid ta jdf.a o~qjula ,efnkak we;s lsh,hs' uu
yß fka o@˜ hs weh ukiska úuiqjd h'
ó .jhd tu m%Yakhg ÿka ms<s;=r is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a yoj; ii,

lrùh' —uu ta foaj,a lf<a uf.a u fudavlu ksihs' uf.ka uq¿ oji
;siafiau jev wrf.k udj ál fõ,djlgj;a ;Kfld< álla lkak
;Kìulg ksoyia lf<a keye' uf.a nv.skak uf.a f;fyÜgqj ksid ug
lkak mq¿jka ´kEu .ila me<Eáhla fldfya ;snqK;a uu lEjd' fudk
j¾.fha t<j¿jla jqk;a uu lsisu ie,lSula ke;sj ldf.k ldf.k .shd'
iuyr t<j¿ j.djkag whs;slrefjla we;ehs fkao lsh,dj;a ug ys;=fka
keye' uu fydrlula lrkjd lsh,d ug fldfydugj;a ys;=fka keye'
nv.skak ksid lEjd' ñksiaiq l;d lrk NdIdj uu oek isáhdkï uu ta
je/oao lsisodl lrk tlla keye' ñksiaiq ;sßika wmg jvd nqoaêu;a' ta
ksid ;sßika wfma ckau .;s .ek ñksiaiq óg jvd wkqlïmd lr,d iudj
fokak ´ke' ñksiqkaf.a iodpdr iïmkak isß;a úß;a" ;sßika jQ wms w;ska
levqfKd;a" ta we;af;d wmg wkqlïmd lrkak tmdhe' tfyu ke;sj
Tjqkaf.a n,h mdúÉÑ lr,d wmg ysßyer lrk tl fyd| keyefk@
fyd|g yeÈÉp iodpdr iïmkak ñksfyla ta jdf.a ,Êcd ke;sj
yeisfrkafk keye' Tn lSjd jdf.a u fï m<df;a fndfyduhla f.dúfhda
lreKdjka; ;ekam;a ñksiaiq' kuq;a uf.a whs;sldrhd" fgdx uy;a;hd

ukqIH iodpdrh fkd okakd uyd kmqre ji ñksfyla' ta jeo.ïulg
ke;s crd ñksyd ysf;a f;;a .;shla ke;s iudj §ula lreKdjla ke;s
ÿIag ñksfyla' Tyq Tyqf.au j¾.hdg kmqrelï lrk ñksfyla' wms jdf.a
;sßika i;=kag fldfydu i,lhs o@˜
l=vd l, isg u f.dúfmd< i;=ka .ek" is,a ud;d ldhsõ yg ;snqfKa

yoj; m;=f,ka u mek ke.s lreKdjls' wE Tjqkaf.a t< yrl=kag iy ó
.jhkag f.or msiQ n;a ál ál lEug ÿkakd h' tfia lEug §" Wkaf.a
lkg ryiska fufia lSjd h' —Thf.d,af,dkq;a wfma l=Uqf¾ uykais fj,d
jev lrmq ksid n;a lkak Th f.d,a,kag;a whs;shla ;shkjd˜ hs lshñka
Wka lk foi n,d i;=gq jQjd h' fï ksid f.dúfmd< i;=ka wehg
wdorh l<d h' wE Tjqka .ek ie,ls,su;a jk nj tu i;a;= oek isáhy'
.jhka wehg fld;rï fldmuK ys;j;a jQjdoehs lshf;d;a Tjqkf.a
fn,af,a ne|s iSkqj leã ìu jegqKq l,ays" wE <Õg ÿj f.dia iSkqj
jegqKq ;ekg weh legqj f.dia" kej;;a th fn,af,a n|jd .kS' iSkqj
ke;sùu .jhkag ksoe,af,a yeisÍug bvla ,efnk lreKla jqj;a Wka
weh iuÕ fifkfynr tluq;=lula we;slr .;s'
lreKq flfia fj;;a ;u iajdñhdf.ka fyd| ie,ls,s ,enqj;a

Tjqka ;sßika wd;auhkays W;am;a;sh ,nkafka" l¾u kHdhkag wkql+,j
ÿlaÅ; Ôú; .; lsÍu Wreu lr .;a wh nj is,a ud;d ldhsõg ryila
fkd ù h'
fl%daOh iy m<s.ekSu ÿ.;s.dó j bm§ug m%Odk fya;+ka nj is,a

ud;d ldhsõ oek isáhd h' weh bÈßhg meñKs wjdikdjka; wuq;a;df.a
fldamh úksúo ÿgq is,a ud;dj fl%daOh iy m<s.ekSu flfkl=f.a ukig
we;=¿ lr .;a úg thska we;sjk Nhdkl úmdl .ek tu .j fjiska wd
N+;hdg b.ekakqjd h' tjka is;sú,s we;sùu B<Õ Njfha ñksia wd;auhla
,eîug ndOdjla jk nj o lshd ÿKs' Tyq ñksia wd;auhla ,eîug
we;af;ka u wfmalaId lrkafka kï tu úkdYldÍ flf,ia md,kh
lr.; hq;= fõ'
YsIag iïmkak ñksfil=f.a Ôú;fha moku mxp YS,h nj weh

tu N+;hdg myod ÿkakd h' fï N+; Ôúhdg kej; ñksia wd;auhla
,eîug lsishï bv m%ia;djla we;af;a kï" fuu uQ,sl is,a mo rlsk njg
fmdfrdkaÿ úh hq;= neõ myod ÿKs' Tyq i;=ka fkd ueßh hq;=hs¦ i;=kag
ysxid fkdl< hq;=hs ¦ fidrlï fkdl< hq;=hs" wka whg wh;a foa fkd.;
hq;=hs ¦ ñksiqkaf.a f.j;=j, j.d l< t<j¿ jdf.a foa¦ lduh jrojd fkd
yeisßh hq;=hs ¦ Tyq fndre fkd lsh hq;=hs ¦ Wjukdfjka wkqka fkd /
jáh hq;=h¦ u;ajk fjß jk lsisjla mdkh fkd l< hq;=hs'
i;=ka ueÍfuka" fidrlï lsÍfuka" lduh jrojd yeisÍfuka" iy

fndre lSfuka wkqkg jrola lrkjd fia u ñksiqka w;r wfkHdakH
iyfhda.h we;s lsÍfï wjxlNdjh iy újD;Ndjh bka lv flf¾' u;a
øjH iy ryfur .ekSfuka msßisÿ uki jid ouhs' by;ska lS jerÈ lsÍug
myiq wdOdrlhla fõ' l¾udkql+,j ne¨jfyd;a fuu l%shdjka ;sßika
wd;auj," fm%a; wd;auj, krldÈj, Wmam;a;s ,eîug fya;= fõ' ÿ.;s.dó
j bmÿKq l<" ú|sk ÿla w;suy;a h' wdOHd;añl ÈhqKqj we;slr .ekSug
we;s wjia:d ySk lrjhs' iq.;s.dó W;am;a;s ,eîug wjYH ixialdr
we;slr .ekSu W.yg fõ' tuksid mxp YS,h iudoka ù /lSfuka wmdhd§
ÿ.;s.dó ;,hkays bm§fuka je<fla' ñksia wd;auhla ,eîug Woõ fõ'
tksid Tn fufia mxp YS,h Y%oaOdjka; j /lSfuka iy jerÈ is;sú,s"
jerÈ jpk" jerÈ l%shd" fkdlr isàfuka ñksia wd;auhla ,eìh yels hhs
we;af;ka u wfmalaId l< yelsh' fuu wd;aufha neß jqjfyd;a ,nk
wd;aufha yelsjkq we;'
n,dfmdfrd;a;= iqka jQ tfuka u úkdYhg m;a jQ N+;hd .ek uy;a

jQ wkqlïmdjlska is,a ud;d ldhsõ tu N+;hdg wef.a mska iy l=i,a
wkqfudaoka lrùug is;=jd h' wju jYfhka tu mqKH îc ñksia wd;auhla
,nd.ekSug hï ;rñkaj;a Tyqg Wmldr fõ hhs weh is;=jd h'
—ud tl;= lr .;a l=i,aoï" mska Tng wkqfudaoka lrñ" wkqfudaoka

fõjdæ ta fya;=fjka Tfí hym;a l%shdjka wdrlaId fldg fuu wd;auh
fmdaIKh lr" iq.;s.dó wd;auhl bm§ug wjYH wdOHd;añl .=KO¾u
jefvk ud¾.hg fhduq ùug Tng fya;= jdikd fõjdæ˜
is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a W;a;u YS,h .ek w;sYhska Woaoduhg m;a jQ ó

.jhdf.a ysi l|ska fjka jQ wj;drh" ta N+;d;auh Wka is;k m;k fyd|
wd;auhl bm§ug oeka jdikdj ,enqfKa hhs i;=gq is;ska m%fndaOj;a j
wef.ka fjka ù fkd fmkS .sfha h'
miq Èk w¨hu .ïudkfha flfkl= le|jd" fmr Èk rd;%sfha wE w;a

ÿgq ixjdoh .ek ryfia Tyqg úia;r fldg wi, .ïudkhl fgdx keue;s
mqoa.,fhl= isákafka oehs úuiS h' Tyqg ó .jfhl= isáfha o hkak;a"
W!g l=ula isÿù o hkak;a fidhd n,d okajk f,i Tyqg oekajQjd h'
fgdx kue;af;l= isáhfyd;a Tyqg fuu úuiSu .ek lsisjla fkd lshk
f,i o wjjdo l<d h' tfia wdrxÑ jqjfyd;a Tyq wmlS¾;shg m;ajQfha
hhs is;d" wE .ek mdm is;sú,s we;slr ;j;a mõ Tyq isÿlr .kq we;ehs
weh ìh jQjd h'
is,a ud;dj tu .ïjeishdf.ka wod< úia;rh úuiQ jyd u" fgdx

kue;af;l= ;ud Ôj;ajk .fï isákd nj;a Tyq fyd|ska y÷kk nj;a
wehg lSfõ h' Bfha rd;%S fï fgdx keue;s ñksid Tyqf.a ó .jhd .il
ne| uerE njo Tyq okakd neõ lSfõ h' ta wirK i;d urK fõokdfjka
lE .eiQ ú,dmh uq¿ .ug u weiqK nj;a Tyq lSfõ h' .jhd uerejdg
miqj Tyqf.a ñ;=rkag f,dl= idohla mj;ajd" Wf.a yrla uia neo ix.%y
l< nj;a ms<sl=f,ka lSfõ h' Wfoa mdkaor jk ;=reu ta idoh ;snqKq nj;a
iyNd.s jqKq ñksiaiq u;a meka ìî lE flda .iñka iskdfiñka úfkdao
jQ nj;a mejiS h'
fujka mdmsIag l%shd is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a is; fYdalfhka ii, lrù
h' ord .; fkdyels ;rfï is;a fõokdj" wehg fm!oa.,slj we;s jQ
udkisl mSvdjla f,i wehg oekqKs' ñksia j¾.hd Wreu fldg we;s
iodpdrd;aul úYajdihg fødays jQ Tyq wef.a u mqf;l= f,i wehg
oekqfKa h' wmrdOlrejd iy urKhg ,la jQ i;d" ;ekska ;ek jßka
jr fï ixidr pl%fha fpdaokdj iy m<s.ekSu" lDDr;ajh iy fldamh
hk flf<iays .ef,ñka" bmsfoñka uefrñka lerls lerlS ÿ.;s.dó
w÷re wd;auhkays ießirkq we;' urKhg ,la jQ ó .jhdg we;s tlu
ms<sirKh" Wf.a isf;ys yg.;a fl%daOh iy ffjrh w;yer wka whf.a
mqKH l%shd oel i;=gq ùuhs' N+; fm%a; wd;auhkag mqKHl%shd lsÍug
yelslula fkd ;snqK o wka whf.a mqKH l%shd wkqfudaokd ùfuka
hym;la jk njg ;ud ;=< úYajdihla we;s lrf.k i;=gq úh yel'
ñh .sh ó .jhd is,a ud;d ldhsõ iuÕ ióm iïnkaO;djhla we;s lr
jdisodhl Wm;lg uq, msrefõ h' ixidrfha fuf;la ießirk i;a;ajfhda
fï isoaëka .ek úfYaI wjOdkhla fhduq l< hq;= fõ' YS,h m%;slafIam
lrk" YS,fha fkd msysgk" uQ,sl ixjr YS,h /lSu meyer yßk ´kEu
flfkl=g fujka ;;a;ajhlg uqyqK mEfï wjodku we;'
85
idudkH ;sßifkl= jdf.a

kslï ld,d î,d ksod .kak tmd
f,!lsl Ôú;fha iem iïm;a ú|Sug we;s wdYdfjka
tajd miq mi fkd ÿjkak ys;g .kak'
B<Õ wd;auh" flfia úh yelsoehs idOdrK ielhla we;slr .kak'
Tfí Ôú;fha
w¿ hg .skaor fuka fifuka oeú oeù
;sfnk .sks f.dv foi
w,i j jdä ù kslrefKa n,d fkdisákak'
j,a W!rd
is,a ud;d ldhsõ N+;hka fm%a;hka iuÕ" tkï ñksia weig

fkd fmfkk Ôùka iuÕ ñksiqka l;d lrk NdIdfjka fkdj" iEu
i;a;ajfhl=g u fmdÿfõ Wkaf.a is;aj,ska l;d l< yels ú{dk NdIdfjka
l;d lsÍug yelslula oelajQjd h'
Tjqkf.a ú{dk Odrdj ;=<ska Tjqka wfmalaIs; wruqK wvx.=

is;sú,s iy yeÕSï ;j flfkl=g oekaùfï Yla;sh we;' fuh ñksia
ú{dkfhka" flfkl=g oekaúh hq;= woyig mßj¾;kh ù tla;rd
ú,dihlska ikaksfõokh jk l%uhls' ú{dk Odrdjlska kslaujk
tla is;sú,s ;rx.hla úfYaIs; wre;la yd wjYH;djhla ilid wejeis
mqoa.,hdg ikaksfõokh lrhs' th ksjerÈ msßisÿ mKsúvhla jkq we;'
;j flfkl=f.a oekSu wvx.= ú{dk Odrdjla iuÕ fuu is;sú,s ;rx.h
fþokh jQ úg" ikaksfõokh ,nd .kakd ú{dkhg b÷rd u nqoaêu;a
woyila fyda mKsúvhla iïmQ¾Kfhka tuÕska okajd isàfï yelshdj
we;'
jdÑl fkdjk fuu ixjdo l%uh" Wmfhda.s lr.ksñka is,a ud;d

ldhsõ mshú weig fkdfmfkk N+; wuq;a;ka iuÕ Tjqkf.a l;dj,g
ijka foñka Tjqkf.a w;S; isoaëka .ek m%Yak l<d h' wehg jqjukd
lf<a Tjqkg Woõ lsÍuhs ¦ wehg l< yelsj ;snqfKa wef.a Ôú; ld,h
;=< wdOHd;añl j tl;= lr.;a ish¨ mska yd Ndjkdfjka ,;a l=i,a
Tjqkg wkqfudaoka lsÍuhs' tfia mska wkqfudaoka ùfuka hym;a M, fk<d
.ekSu Tjqka i;= fohls'
is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a iudê is; ;=<ska ;j;a woaN+; o¾Ykhla w;aoelSug
wehg yels úh' urKhg m;a ysi l|ska fjka jQ j,a W!frl=f.a ú{dkh
N+; iajrEmhlska wef.a Ndjkd o¾Yk m:hg fhduq úh' mQ .d´ lkaog
;rula wE;ska ;ksj u wdydr fidhñka jkfha Tn fudn yeisfroa§" .fï
ovhlaldrfhl= w;ska fï W!rd ureuqjg m;a j we;' jk i;=ka j;=r
îug ks;ru tk hk Èh lä;a;la iómfha fï ovhlaldrhd ieÕù isg
tu i;d urd we;'
Èkla w¨hu" ysre ke.Sug m%:u is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a o¾Yk m:hg
ksrdhdifhka u j,a W!frl=f.a N+; rejla ueù fmkqKs' fujka oiqka
oel mqreÿ weh jydu wef.a ú{dk Odrdj W!rd fj; fhduq fldg ;ud
yuqùug meñKs fya;=j úuiqjd h' ;ju;a ìfha .efyñka" f.d; .iñka
melsf<ñka W! l;dlrkakg úh' vqï kue;s ovhlaldrhd" W! Èh lä;a;
foig toa§ uerE nj lSfõ h' Èh lä;a; <Õg toa§ ovhlaldrfhl=f.ka
;ukag wk;=rla ùug bv lv we;ehs ielhla we;s fkdjQfha ukao
hkak;a tfuka u m%fõiï fkd jqfKa ukao hkak;a weh Wf.ka m%Yak
l<d h'
iEu fudfyd;l u ovhlaldrhkaf.ka fnfyúka m%fõiï ùug W!

ks;r u fiú,af,ka bkakd nj wehg ne.Em;a fjñka lSfõ h' Wkaf.a
Ôj;a ùu r|d mj;skafka tfia úuis,af,ka isáhfyd;a muKla nj W!rd
lSfõ h' jki;=kaf.a Ôú; w;sYfhka ÿIalr jQ is;sh fkdyels ;rï
.eg¨j,g uqyqK fok" oeßh fkd yels ;rï ÿlaÅ; jQ tlla nj lS h'
iajNdjO¾ufha ohdkqlïmdj u; mQ¾K úYajdih ;nd" jkdka;rfha jdih
lrk j,a W!rka iEu fudfyd;l u Ôj;a jQfha ìfhka yd ielfhks'
Wkaf.a Ôú; iajNdj O¾ufha úmßhdihkag ksrka;rfhka ,laù úkdY
jkakls' ovhlaldrhkaf.a iy W.=,a wgjkakkaf.a urKSh ;¾ckhkag
wNsksIal%uKh ( j,a W!rd 87
o fldhs fudfydf;a ,la fõfoda hk ìfhka iy ;%difhka fï i;=kag

Ôj;aùug isÿ ù we;' jir .Kkdjla ;u Ôú; /l.ksñka fï W!rd
Ôj;a jqj o wjidkfha fï ovhlaldrhdg f.dÿre ùug isÿ úh'
kej; jrla jk if;l= j bm§ug bvlv we;ehs hk ìh ;udg

we;s nj j,a W!rd is,a ud;d ldhsõ yg lSfõ h' úYajdi lrkakg neß
;rï ksrka;r Nhlska yd ielhlska o oeä ÿla fõokd lkaordjlg ueÈ
fjñka o kej;;a jk if;l= fia Ôj;a jkak isÿ fõ hhs ;ud w;sYh
Nhska isák nj W!rd fjõ,ñka lSfõ h' W!frl=g lsisÈkl úfõlfhka
isàugj;a ìhla iella ke;s j isàugj;a fkdyel' kej;;a ;sßika
if;l= j bm§u fkd je<elaúh yels hhs oek ìhg m;a W!rd is,a ud;d
ldhsõ yuqjg meñKsfha wef.a YS,fha iy l=i,a n,fhka mska wkqfudaoka
ù" ukqIH wd;auhla ,nd .ekSu i|yd uykais ùughs' W!re fjiska ueù
isá N+;hd iq.;.dó wd;auhla ,eîug W! i;=j m%udKj;a l=i,a iy
mska tl;= ù fkdue;s neõ oeä fYdalfhka mejiS h' jákdlñka hq;a
lsisjla wehg §u i|yd W!rd ika;l j fkd ;snqKs' kuq;a Bfha rd;%S
fjä ld uereKq Wf.a w¨;a msßisÿ uia muKla b;sß j we;sneõ W! oek
isáfhah' W!rdf.a ú{dk Odrdj ;=<ska" W!rd ;u uia j<|k f,i is,a
ud;d ldhsõf.ka b,a,d isáfha h' t;=ñhf.a W;=ï wdOHd;añl Ôjk
rgdj bÈßhg f.k hEu i|yd Yla;su;a YÍrhla we;slr .ekSug ta uia
W! flfrys wkqlïmdfjka j<|k f,i b,a,d isáfha h' tfia ;u uia
oka §fuka W!g l=i,a /ia lr .ekSug yelsjkq we;ehs o oekaù h'
fmr Èk ;udg fjä ;nd uerE ovhlaldrhdf.a" mjqf,a idudðlhka

ta uia ms<sfh, lrf.k yS,a odkh i|yd miqÈk WoEik f.k taug
kshñ; nj W!rd wehg oekajQfha h' tfia f.fkk uia W! flfrys
wkqlïmdfjka j<|k f,i;a" tu udxY odkh u;= Njfha ukqIH wd;auhla
,nd .ekSug ;rï l=i,a tla /ia lr .ekSug yels odkhla jk njg
;ud ;=< úYajdihla we;s nj;a oekaù h' ;udg jqjukd lrkafka ;u
YÍrfha fyd| u uia ál is,a ud;djg mQcd lsÍug nj;a" kuq;a ñksiqka
iajNdjfhka u f,daN iy.; fyhska fyd| uia ál ovhlaldrhdf.a
f.or ;nd b;sßh wdrKHhg f.k taug bv we;s nj;a W!rd jeä ÿrg;a
wehg oekaù h'
wE bÈßhg meñKs tu wuq;a;d l< b,a,Su wid isá is,a ud;d

ldhsõ úu;sfhka jYS jQjd h' jir .Kkdjla Ndjkd l< o ñh .sh
;sßifkl=f.a ú{dkhla ;u YÍr udxY mQcdlr mska n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk
wjia:djlg weh lsis Èkl uqyqK md fkdue;' W!rd m;aù we;s wirK
;;a;ajh i,ld n,d yojf;a Wmka oeä wkqlïmdfjka ffu;%s lsrK
tu N+; iajrEmh fj; fhduq fldg ksYaYío j tu odkh ms<s.kakd
njg wefÕõjd h' is,a ud;d ldhsõ j,a W!rdg odkfha wdksYxi myod §"
hym;a l=i, l%shdjkaf.ka ,nk hym;a m%;sM, .ek i;=g m< l<d h'
ÿ.;s.dó j WmÈk iEu i;a;ajfhl=g u mxp YS,fhka ,eìh yels hym;a
úmdl myod ÿkakd h' tu YS,h ñksia wd;auhla ,eîu i|yd uQ,sl moku
jk nj;a" is; lh jpkh yslaujd .ekSu i|yd fuu mxp YS,h iudoka ù
rlsk f,i weh" W!rdg ;rfha wjjdo ÿkakd h' j,a W!rdf.a isf;ys we;s
ñksia wd;auhla ,eîfï wdYdj u,a m, .ekaùug weh wef.a YS,dksYxi
iy l=i,a wkqfudaoka lrjk nj ikaksfõokh l<d h' is,a ud;dj ;ud
flfrys ;enQ úYajdih .ek w;sYhska i;=gq jQ j,a W!rd wef.a wdYS¾jdo
fya;=fjka ;udg msgqjy,la fõh hk úYajdifhka iy f.!rjfhka wef.ka
iuqf.k fkd fmkS .sfha h'
miqÈk mdkaor ysre ke. t;a u m%Odk Yd,djg tla /ia jQ NslaIQkag
iy is,a ud;djkag tu úYauhckl úia;rh ikaiqka j lSjd h' j,a W!rdf.a
iïmQ¾K l;dj;a Wf.a ldreKsl b,a,Su;a is,a ud;dj Tjqkg meyeÈ,s j
úia;r l<d h' ta woaN+; fYdalS l;dj wid ovhlaldrhdf.a mjqf,a Woúh
W!re uia yS,a odkhg f.k wdfjd;a" tu ;sßikdg wkqlïmdfjka tu uia
ms<s.kakd f,i b,a,d isáhd h' ;sßikdf.a Wodr udxY odkh W! flfrys
f.!rjfhka ms<sf.k j<|k f,ig;a tu W!rdg ñksia wd;auhla ,nd
.ekSug yels fõjd hhs m%d¾:kd lrñka mska wkqfudaoka lrk f,i;a
weh /ia jQ yeuf.ka b;d lreKdfjka b,a,d isáhd h'
yS,a odkhg fõ,dj <xfjoa§ ovhlaldr vqï uy;df.a ìß| wdrKHh

fj; meñK f;f,ka neo ilia lrk ,o W!re uia wdpd¾h lïmdka iy
wfkla NslaIQka jykafia,dg f.!rjfhka ms<s.ekajQjd h' Wkajykafia,d
tu W!re uia ,enqKq l%uh .ek úuioa§" ovhlaldrhdf.a ìß| tu uia
,enqKq wdldrh lsisjla fkd iÕjd meyeÈ,s l<d h' is,a ud;d ldhsõ
wNsksIal%uKh ( j,a W!rd 89
l< úia;rh wl=rgu ksjerÈ nj ldg;a jegyqKs' tu wjdikdjka;

;sßikdf.a ÿla fõokd hï wdldrhlska fyda ;=kS fõjd hhs wkqlïmdfjka
yd ffu;%sfhka is;d tu udxY odkh ms<s.;ay'
;Kaydj" urKh yd kej; bm§ug iïnkaO lreKla nj;a ta

fya;=fjka ksula ke;s ÿla fõokd Ôú;j,g ,ndfok nj;a is,a ud;d
ldhsõ oek .;a;d h'
f,daNfhka uki mqrjd .;a ñksiaiq oafõIfhka fm<UqKq ñksiaiq

tfia u ;u ;ukaf.a l¾uhka ksid fudayh kue;s uyd iuqøfha
ms<sirKla fyda wruqKla fyda ke;sj msyskk ñksiaiq wehg uqK.eiS
we;' ÿ.;s.dó my< ú{dk ;,hkays isrù isák i;a;ajhka yg wjYH jQ
;kays" /l.;a YS,hla fkdue;' /ia lr.;a mskla fkdue;'
fmr wd;auhkays tu N+;hka ñksia wd;aufhys bmso isáh §

mrd¾:ldó j oka § ke;' YS,fhka ,eìh yels wdrlaIdj .ek lsisÿ
;elSula lr ke;' ukqIHd;aufhys isáh § Tjqka ;u wkd.;h i|yd
mska /ia lr .ekSug wfmdfydi;a j we;' tksid urKh;a iuÕ w÷re
wd;auhkays bmso mska /ia lr.ekSug wfmdfydi;a j ÿla ú|s;s' fufia
mska /ia lr .ekSug fkd yels j w÷f¾ isákd N+;fhda" fm%a;fhda"
msidpfhda mskla lr lshd .ekSug fkd yels j wirK j wka whf.ka
msysg m;;s' ukqIHd;aufha Ôj;a jk YS,jka; ñksiqka ;u is; lh jpkh
ixjr lr .ksñka" /ia lr.kakd mska fuu wukqIHhka yg wkqfudaoka
lsÍug wfmdfydi;a jqjfyd;a" Tjqka iq.;s.dó ;,hl bm§ug fkdyels
j w;rux jkq we;' tu ÿlaÅ; wd;aufha wfkalúO ÿla fõokd ú|sñka
Tjqkf.a l¾u Yla;sh f.ù hk ;=re fyda tu ms<sl=,a wd;auNdjfha wdhq
ld,h ksu jk ;=re fyda ÿla lkaordjlg ueÈù Ôj;a ùug isÿfõ' fï
N+;hka is,a ud;d ldhsõ yg fmkqfKa" whdf,a Èfjk i;a;aj fldÜGdihla
yeáhg h' .yla fld<hla ke;s uy fmdf<djla ke;s wjldYhl ksoe,af,a
mdú mdù hk" lsisÿ ysñlrefjla fkdue;s ;uka we;sl< ÿla .skaorj,
oefjñka ießirk N+; msßila yeáhg h' ;ud úiska lrk ,o wl=i,
l%shd fya;=fjka Wod lr.;a wjdikdjka; ;;aFjhkays ÿlska Ôj;a fjoa§
Tjqka ú|sk wkka; jQ ÿla fõokd lïlfgd¿ yuqfõ fld;ekl bmÿK;a
lï ke; hk yeÕSu we;s jkq we;'
ish¨ ú{dk úIh m:hka iy

ish¨ i;a;ajhka isf;ka wdrïN fõ'
tfyhska Tn Tfí is; foi
oeä wjOdkhla fhduq lsÍu
b;du;a u fhda.H h'
t;ek oS Tng uq¿ úYajh u yuqjkq we;'
l÷ jeáfha N+;d;au
wdpd¾h lï mdka ysñf.a kdhl;ajh hgf;a mQ .d´ lkafoys

wdrïN l< wdrKHh b;d Wiia wdOHd;añl mßirhlg m;a ù ÈhqKq úh'
NslaIQka jykafia,d iy is,a ud;dfjda oeä lemùulska yd Wkkaÿjlska
Ndjkd mqyqKqfjys ksr; jQy' wdpd¾h lï mdka ysñ b;d m%isoaO
lïuÜGdkdpd¾hjrfhla jQ wdpd¾h id´ hgf;a uyK oï msrE ysñ kuls'
;u .=rejrhd fia u wdrKHfha tÈfkod lghq;= oeä Wkkaÿjlska bgq
lf<a h' mQ .d´ lkao wdY%s; j Ôj;a jQ yefudau ifydaor neïfuka ne÷Kq
ish,af,da iu.s j jdih lrk mßirhlg Wreu lsjQy' NslaIQka jykafia,d
iEu WoEikl u msKavmd;h i|yd jäk o¾Ykh is;a ikik oiqkla
úh' is,a ud;dfjda wdrKHfha kej;S t<suyka l=iaisfha yS,a odkhg .ekSu
i|yd wu;r n;a jHxck iq¿ m%udKhla msiqfjdah' wdrKHhg msúfik
fodrgqj iómfha È. nxl=jla bÈlr ;snqKs' is,a ud;dfjda ta wi, fm<g
isg f.k Tjqka ms<sfh, l< wu;r wdydr msKavmd;fha f.dia jäk
NslaIQka jykafia,df.a md;%j,g ms<s.ekajQfjdah' m%Odk Yd,djg tla/ia
jk iajdóka jykafia,d ksy~ j ;u fcHaIaGFjh wkqj wiqka f.k yS,a
odkh j<|;s' Wkajykafia,d oka j<|d wjika jQ miq j wdYS¾jdo ,nd is,a
ud;dfjda ;u wxYfha oka Yd,djg f.dia oka j<|;s' NslaIQka jykafia,d
wNsksIal%uKh ( l÷ jeáfha N+;d;au 91
oka je<ª miq ;u md;% fidaod msßisÿ lr fyd|ska fõ,d frÈ wdjrKhlska
jid mfilska ;ekam;a lr;s' is,a ud;dfjda o wdydr ms<sfh, l< Ndck
ish,a, fidaod msßisÿ lr ilid ;ekam;a lr l=iaish o fyd|ska msiod
msßisÿ lr;s'
Wfoa rdcldÍka ksu l< miq wdrKHhfha iefjdu ;u ;ukaf.a

l=áj,g f.dia yqol,dj ys|sñka fyda ilaukska fyda ;u Ndjkd mqyqKq
wdrïN lr;s' iji y;rg mejf;k nqoaO jkaokdjkag ld,h t<fUk
;=re Tjqkf.a l=á wdY%s;j we;s le,fha ld,h .; lr;s' l;sld lr.;a
fõ,djg bka msg;g tk Tjqyq wdrKH N+ñh w;=m;= .d msßisÿ lr;s' bka
miq iduQysl j Èh lä;s lrd f.dia j;=r /f.k ú;a l,ska ms,sfh,
lr.;a ;ekays ;enQ Ndckj,g j;=r mqrj;s' fuu j;=r îug" md fia§ug
mdúÉÑ lrkq ,nhs' md;% fia§ug iy wdydr msiSug mdúÉÑ lrkq ,nhs'
blaukska Èh kd .kakd NslaIQka iy is,a ud;dfjda Tjqkf.a Ndjkdjkag
fhduq fj;s' O¾u idlÉPd fkd flfrk rd;%Skays fndfyda ? jk ;=re
Ndjkd fldg kskaog h;s'
idudkHfhka i;shlg jrla i;r fmdah jefgk Èkhka ys wdpd¾h

lï mdka ysñ wdrKHfha yefudau /ia lr" tu Èkhka ys ysre nei
h;a u nqoaO Oïu ix>" ;%súO r;akfha .=K wka;¾.; jkaokd .d:d
iduQysl j iÊCOdhkd lr;s' nqoaO jkaokd .d:d y~ flfuka ;=kS ù hoa§"
wdpd¾h lï mdka ysñ Ndjkd mqyqKqj ms<sn| j wdo¾Yj;a O¾u foaYkdjla
mj;ajkafka h' tu O¾ufoaYkdfjka miq Ndjkd mqyqKqfõ .eg¨ iys;
;eka iel iys; ;eka .ek úuid Bg iqÿiq ms<s;=re § Ndjkdj bÈßhg
f.k hd hq;= whqre ish f.da,hkg Wkajykafia lreKdfjka myod ÿkay'
.eUqre fm!oa.,sl m%Yak u;= jQ úg Wkajykafia ´kEu myiq fõ,djl
yuqù .eg¨ ksrdlrKh lr .ekSug wjir § ;snqKs'
wdpd¾h lï mdka ysñ mj;ajdf.k .sh Ndjkd ms<sfj; Wkajykafia

hgf;a isá ldf.a;a is;a m%fndaOj;a lf<a h' Wkajykafiaf.a lreKq jgyd
§u Ydka;h ¦ tfukau ldreKsl h' w,afmaÉP .;s ,laIK we;s Wkajykafia
b;d ir, j wjYH lreKq myod ÿkafka h' Wkajykafia f.a wdOHd;añl
mqyqKqj iy W;=ï YS,jka;Ndjh iajdóka jykafiaf.a ;ekam;a Ydka;
uki ms<sìUq lf<a h' tfuka u iudê Ndjkdfõ úúO isoaOdka; .ek
ukd wjfndaOhla Wkajykafiag ;snqKs' fï yelshdj fya;=fldg f.k
Wkajykafiaf.a udkisl ÈhqKqj is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a wNHka;r yelshdjka
yd ixikaokh l< yels úh' Wkajykafiaf.a uki b;d myiqfjka .eUqre
iudêhg fhduq ù N+; f,dalfha fndfyda i;a;ajhka yd iïnkaO ùug
yelshdjla ;snqKs' Wkajykafiaf.a .=reyrelï is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a l=i,;d
ÈhqKqlr .ekSug;a iudê Ndjkdfõ fkdfhl=;a wdYap¾hj;a ikaêia:dk
y÷kd .ekSug;a m%fhdackj;a úh' wdpd¾h lï mdka ysñf.a u. fmkaùu
ms<sn| weh Wkajykafiag lD;{ jQjd h'
mQ .d´ l÷lr wdrKHhfha .; l< wjqreÿ .Kk wehf.a Ndjkd

mqyqKqfõ m%;sM, ,enQ ld,hhs' w÷re N+; f,dalhg msúis iEu wjia:djl
§ u tu fm%a; wd;au .ek úfYaIs; oekSula weh ,nd.;s' wdpd¾h lï mdka
ysñf.a Wmldrfhka ÿ.;s.dó fm%a;d;au iïnkaê; úúO isoaOdka;hka
.ek ukqIH ú{dk m:hg wiq fkdjk iSudjka lrd hdug o yels
l=i,;djhka ;j jeä ÈhqKq lr .;a;d h' fuu w;aoelSï w;súYd,h'
úúOh' kuq;a fuu wdOHd;añl úYajh ;rKh lsÍfuka weh lsis Èkl
fjfyig m;a fkd úKs' iuyrla N+; ixúOdk ñksia ixúOdk fuka
ilia j we;s neõ fidhd.;a is,a ud;d ldhsõ mqÿuhg m;a úh' b;d
meyeÈ,s fjkialï we;s fï whdf,a yeisfrk tla tla N+; ixúOdk
tla kdhlfhla hgf;a md,kh fõ' Tyq Tjqkaf.a iqNidOl lghq;=
.ek fidhd n,ñka Wka w;f¾ iduh mj;ajdf.k hhs' fndfyda l=i,a
/ial< uq;a fmr wl=i, l¾uhla yÈisfhka úmdl § fuu w÷re fm%a;
f,dalfha bm§ ÿla ú|sk N+;fhda o olskakg we;' fuu is,ajka; N+;fhda
mõ /ialr.;a wksla N+;hka w;r Tjqkf.a l=i,uh n,h fmkaj;s' N+;
iudcfha hym;a foa lr ,efnk M, úmdl whym;a foa lr ,efnk M,
úmdlj,g jvd fndfyda n,iïmkak h' tfll= i;= YS,fha n,fhka u
muKla úYd, N+; iud.ula md,kh l< yel'
N+; ixúOdk l=, u, fNaohkaf.ka fjka ù fkdue;s neõ o is,a

ud;d y÷kd .;a;d h' tla tla N+;hdf.a l¾u úmdl Yla;sh wkqj Tjqkf.a
Wia my;alï fnÿKq w;r th Tjqkf.a md,k jHqyh ;rfha ms<smÈk
l%u fõohls' ukqIHhka fia fjk fjk fya;=ka u; mQ¾j úksYaphka

u; ;SrK fkd .kS' fm%a; f,dalfha tla tlaflkdf.a iudc uÜgï
tlsfkldg fjkia jkqfha Tjqkf.a w;S; l¾u M, úmdl wkqj h'
iuyr Èkl N+; f,dalfha m%Odkshd fm%a;hkaf.a Ôjk ;;a;ajhka

fmkajñka is,a ud;d ldhsõ Wkaf.a f,dj jgd /f.k .sfha h' N+; f,dalfha
o ria;shdÿldrhka isák neõ wehg meyeÈ,s lf<a h' l,flda,dy, lrk
krl fm%a;fhda jglr w,a,d tla fldgil isrlr ;n;s' ñksiqka tjeks
ia:dkhlg isrf.h hhs kï lr we;' isrf.g heõ fm%a;fhda kSp yoj;a
we;af;da nj N+; m%Odkshd lSfõ h' Wka l< jrog wkqj ta ta fm%a;hd
isrlr ;nk neõ o Tyq lSfõ h' fyd| yeisÍula we;s wh Tjqkf.a l¾u
úmdl ksu jk;=re idudkH Ôú; f.k .shy' fuu N+; fm%a; wj;dr hk
kï ñksiqka úiska yod .;a kï njo fuu N+; fm%a; wj;dr hk kïj,ska
y÷kajkafka úYajfha isák úúO Ôùka w;r tla;rd ú{dk iajrEmhla
muKla njo lS h' tla tla N+; fm%a; fldÜGdi tla tlaflkdf.a l¾u
úmdl wkqj kd kd ú{dk iajrEmhkaf.ka iukaú; j fmkS isà'
foaj ú{dkh ldu Njfha Ôj;a jk" l¾u kHdh wkqj md,kh jk
tla;rd Ôj iajNdjhls' is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a iudê Ndjkdj fjk;a Wiia
f,daflda;a;r o¾Yk m:hkag o wehj iïnkaO fldg y÷kajd ÿKs' iuyr
úgl wef.a ú{dkh lfhka .s,syS bj;g hhs' tfia bj;g hk wef.a
ú{dkh kd kd ÈjH f,dal iy úúO j¾.fha n%yau f,dal wd§ ;,hkays
.fõYkhl fhfohs' weh foaj kñka y÷kajk b;d ishqï j ilia jqKq
úúO woaN+; Ôùka yuqùug o .shd h'
fuu foaj kñka y÷kajk Ôj fldÜGdih" ÈjHuh wdêm;Hhl

w;sYfhka ishqï jQ msßisÿ ;;a;ajhlska fmr hym;a l¾u úmdl fya;=fjka
jdikdjka; j m%S;sfhka fjfik Ôj fldgils' weh N+udg foújre yuq
jQjd h' tkï-.iaj,g" jkdka;rj,g ;=rejÿ¨j,g wê.Dys; wdf,dalj;a
foújreh - fudjqka mDÓú ;,hg w;sYfhka we,afuka iïnkaO jQ Ôùka
ksid tfia bm§ we;' fuu foújre idudkH ukqIH weig fkd fmkqK o
is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a Èjeig Tjqka meyeÈ,s j fmkqKs' fuu foaj fldÜGdih
yeu fudfyd;lu bkaøshhka mskjñka i;=áka ;Dma;su;a j yeisfrk Ôj
fldgila f,iska is,a ud;d ldhsõ ÿgqjd h' fuu w;sYh m%S;su;a ia:djrh
Tjqka /ia l< mska fya;=fjka ,o ;;a;ajhka h' fudjqka ñksiqka j isáh
§ fndfyda mska /ia lr is,a /l" Ndjkd lr tl;= lr.;a l=i,aj, úmdl
fya;=fjka ,o ÈjH wd;auhka h' fï foaj;djkaf.a mska uysuh flfia jqj;a
tu foaj;ajfhys u È.ska È.gu /£ isáñka w¨;ska l¾u /ia lsÍug we;s
wjia:d w,am úh' foaj;ajfha /£ isàug mdol jQ uQ,sl l=i,a úmdl ;=kS ù
wfydais jQ miq" kej; ukqIH f,dalfha Wm; ,en l=i,a /ia lr .ekSug
wjia:dj we;' fm%a; N+; f,dalj, Ôùka yd ii|k l," Tjqkaf.a wl=i,a
úmdl fya;=fjka ÿla ú¢ñka w÷re ÿ.;Skays ießirk w;r foajd;auhkays
isákd Ôùka Tjqkf.a l=i, l¾u Yla;Ska fya;= fldg kej; iq.;s.dó
ùug we;s wjldY fndfyda h' tkuqÿ ldu Njhkays Wm; ,nk iEu
i;a;ajfhl=u w;aú¢k tla isoaOdka;hla foúfhda o w;a ú¢;s' oeä f,i
ukfia l%shd;aul jk —yeÕSï nr wdYdjka ˜ iEu ldu fNda.S i;aFjfhl=
u fl<jrla fkd fmfkk iif¾ uefrñka bmfoñka /f.k hdug
fya;= fõ'
fuu f,dalhka fN!;sl ;,hkaf.ka iukaú; fkdjk w;r tajd

ú{dk ;, jYfhka meje;afjk neõ jgyd .; hq;= hs' wNHdjldYfha
mj;sk fuu ;,hka j¾. lsÍfï§ m%.;sh w;ska ÈjHuh ;,hka —Wiia˜
f,i o mú;% f,io" fm%a; N+; f,dal ta wkqj —my;a˜ f,io y÷kaj;s' Wia
my;a fjki wdOHd;añl ú{dkuh fjkila muKs' kuq;a wjdikdjlg
fuu fjki f;areï lroa§ thg jerÈ iy.; whqßka fN!;sl jQ øjHuh
;;a;ajhla Bg wdfrdamKh lr we;' —by<g hEu˜ iy —my<g hEu˜
jYfhka w¾:l:k lroa§ idïm%odhsl jYfhka fN!;sl YÍr by<g hEula
yÕj hs' ú{dk Odrdjka .ek l;d lroa§ by; oelajQ w¾:l:khkag
we;af;a b;d u| bvla muKs' ú{dk Odrdfõ ishqï p,kh f,!lsl
jYfhka flfrk ixikaokhkaf.ka Tíng .sh tlls' fN!;sl jYfhka
by<g my<g hEug fjfyila .; hq;= h' ù¾hhla .; hq;= h' kuq;a
uki by< my< ú{dk ;,hkag úysÿùfï§ tjka ù¾hhla fjfyila
wjYH fkd fõ' wjYH ÈYdjg is; fhduq lsÍu muKla iEfya'
ÈjH f,dal iy n%yau f,dal tlsfklg by<ska ilia ù we;s ÈjHuh

;,hka hhs" jpkfha woyi muKla f.k f;areï fkd.; hq;= hs' ;Ügq
lSmhlska hq;a m%didohla hhs fkdis;sh hq;=hs' fuu ÈjH ;,hka msysgd
we;af;a ú{dkuh m%fNao wkqj h' by<g hEu wdOHd;añl .ukls' isf;ys
we;sjk ú{dk Odrdj b;du;a ishqï ú{dk ;rx.hkag m;a lr úysÿjk
.ukls' fuu by<g hk .uk isf;ys we;slr .kakd wdOHd;añl
n,hlska hk .ukls ( odk YS, Ndjkd ;=<ska ukdj ilia lr.;a is; g
fuu yelshdj we;' wmdh we;af;a —hg˜ hs lSfuka fmdf<dj hg .eUqre
w.dOhlg hk .ukla woyia fkd flf¾' wdOHd;añl jYfhka ySk jQ
ú{dk ;,hlg hk .ukla woyia flf¾' ÈjHf,dal iy ksrhka oelSug
yels wh tu yelshdj ,nd we;af;a Tjqkf.a wNHka;r wdOHd;añl
bkaøshhka ,nd we;s ÈhqKqj mokï lrf.k h'
iudê Ndjkdj m%.=K fldg woaN+; oE lsÍug l=i,;d we;s whg

ufkdauh jYfhka ikaksfõokh lsÍug we;s yelshdj" idudkH ñksfil=g
idudkH fohla lsÍug we;s yelshdj yd iudk jQ myiq fohla h' heùug
wjYH mKsúvh isf;ka mekk.sk ú{dk Odrdj ;=<ska —is;sú,s NdIdj˜
Wmfhda.S fldg iïmQ¾K woyila fuka ikaksfõokh lrkq ,nhs' tu
is;sú,s NdIdfjka ,nd.kakd mKsúvh" idïm%odhsl NdIdjlska ,nd.kakd
mKsúvhla fia ,nd.kS' iEu is;sú,s ;rx.hla u yoj; ;=<ska W;amdokh
fõ' th isf;ys mj;sk i;H yeÕSu ikaksfõokh lrhs' ksjerÈ f;areu
ikaksfõokh lrhs' kej; meyeÈ,s lsÍula wjYH fkdfõ' jdÑl j
flfrk fonia o is; ;=<ska wrUd we;s lrjk udOHhls' kuq;a jpkj,ska
flfrk ikaksfõokhl § fndfyda úg yojf;a we;s i;H yeÕSï jgyd
§ug wmyiq fõ' tksid wfmalaIdjka ikaksfõokh lroa§ fkdfhla
wvqmdvqlï b;d f,fyisfhka isÿ fõ' fï ÿ¾j,;djh yoj;ska yoj;lg
Rcqj flfrk ikaksfõokhl § u. yrjd .; yel'
Tfí l%shd jpk iy is;sú,s .ek

oeä úuis,af,ka isáñka yeu l,ays u
ixys|shdfjka hq;=j yeisfrkak'
Tn jeä mqr l;d lsÍug f.dia
lror jeä lr.kak tmd
Tn l;dlrk wdldrh .ek
ie,ls,su;a jkak
iskdfioaoS ixhufhka iskdfikak
fkdla l%dnd f,k
jifrka jir .;fjoa§ is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a Ndjkdj tla ÈYdjlg

tfukau tla rgdjlg jeämqr ÈhqKq úh' N+; f,dalfha tla tla yuqùï
wehf.a Ndjkd fõ.h ;Sj% lf<a h' fï fm%a; f,dalhkays i;a;ajhkaf.a ÿla
fõokd .ek úu¾Ykh lrñka weh meh .Kka ld,h .; l<d h' kuq;a
weh" ;ud foi ne,Su w;miq l<d h' ueß ueÍ WmÈk ixidrfha uq,a nei
we;s ukfia Wmdodkh .ek fidhd ne,Su wE milg ;enqjd h' we;=<g
fhduq l< wjOdkfhka hq;=j wE fuu olsk o¾Yk" ukfia wNHka;r
bkaøsh m:h yd iïnkaO ùula jk fyhska wehg wêudkisl yelshdjla
we;s nj o" weh wef.a ukfia l%shdldß;ajh .fõIKh lrkafka hhs
is;ñka o l,a.; l<d h'
iudê Ndjkdj ;=<ska u;=jk ixisoaëka .ek ksÍlaIKh lsÍfuka

tajd .ek i;H f;dr;=re oek.ekSug yels nj;a tu.ska ukfia wjfndaOh
m%;HlaI j oek .ekSug yels nj;a weh úYajdi l<d h' kuq;a wehf.a
Ndjkd o¾Yk m:hg wiqfjk fuu f,dal" ukqIH f,dalh yd iudk j
;d;aúl jQ ksYaÑ; jQ o¾Yk fuka fmkqK o tajd o Ndjkd lrkakdf.a
oiqkg fhduq jk ndysr o¾Ykhka h' fuu o¾Yk m:hg wiqjk rEm >k
wNsksIal%uKh ( fkdla l%dnd f,k 97
fkdjk w;g fkd oefkk rEm jqj o tu ixisoaëka tajdg u wdfõKsl

jQ ix{d ud;%hla muKs' th" tu ix{dj úiska y÷kd.;a oekSug mßndysr
j we;s jQjls' fuu o¾Yk .ek úfYaI wjOdkhla fhduq l< is,a ud;d
ldhsõ wef.a Ndjkd Yla;sfhka ndysr úYajh .ek jeä ie,ls,a,la oelajQ
kuq;a" wef.a yoj; iy uki ;=< mej;s úYauh ckl wNHka;r f,dalh
.ek fiùu weh w;miq l<d h'
is,a ud;d ldhsõ wef.a Ndjkd mqyqKqfõ § fuu uQ,sl jro jgyd
.ekSug wfmdfydi;a jQjdh' wdpd¾h lïmdka ysñg o tu wvqmdvqj
fmkajd fokakg ;rï m%{djla fkdùh' Wkajykafia iudêfhka iy tys
w;=re M,j,ska Tíng Ndjkdj ÈhqKq fkd l< flfkls' ta ksid wehf.a
uq,d ùfuka .,jd bÈßhg f.k hEug Wkajykafia wfmdfydi;a úh'
iudêfha uq,a nei .;a w;súfYaI n,h fuu iajdóka jykafia w;aúkao;a
fuu wdOHd;añl ixisoaëkays we;s wks;H;djh iy ÿl ksjerÈj oek
.ekSug ;rï m%{dj ÈhqKq ù fkd ;snqKs' is,a ud;d ldhsõ" wdpd¾h lï
mdka ysñ olaI lïuÜGdkdpd¾hjrfhl= hhs úYajdi l< o wehg úfYaIs;
.=rejrfhl=f.a uÕ fmkaùu ;sìh hq;= hhs wehg fkd jegysKs'
kd kd m%ldr ú{dk ;,hka iïnkaOj wef.a uq,dùu tkak tkak

u jeä úh' w¨;a w;aoelSï iy w¨;a wjfndaOhka we;slr .ekSug
wehg oeä wdYdjla ;snqKs' fuu N+; f,dalfha i;a;ajhka ksula ke;s
ixidrfha ießirkafka fï wdYdj" ;Kaydj fya;=fjks' is,a ud;d ldhsõ
yg ÿlaL i;Hh .ek;a tys uQ,sl fya;=j .ek;a fï jkf;la oek.ekSug
wmyiq úh' wdpd¾h lï mdka ysñ iudêfha m%n, Yla;Ska Wreu lr
isáh o" m%{djg jvd iudêhg we¨ï lsÍfuka we;sjk Nhdkl m%;sM,
.ek wehg Wmfoia §ug wfmdfydi;a úh' fï fya;=fjka weh iudêfha
Ydka; ksi,Ndjfha we,S .e,S bka u;a jQjd h' úúO ix{djka fya;=fjka
Wmojd.kakd wdl¾IKSh Yla;Skaj,g weh weíneys ù uq,d jQjd h'
is,a ud;d ldhsõ mQ .d´ l÷lr wdrKHfha 1937 isg 1945 olajd jdih
l<d h' fï ld,h ;=< cmdkh ;dhs,ka;h wdl%uKh fldg hqoaOhlg
fmd<Ujd fojk f,dal ix.%dufha m%Odk hqO msáhla njg m;a lf<a h'
hqO wyia hdkd fndaïn fy<Sfï wruqKska fiakdikh msysá jkdka;rh
Wäka mshdir lrkakg úh' wdikakfha msysá .=jka m:hg f.dv neiSug
l,ska iuyrla .=jka hdkd Tjqkf.a b;sß fndaïn mQ .d´ lkaog fy<d
hdkd ieye,a¨ lr .;ay' jßka jr lka ìysß lrjk fndaïn msmqreï
y~ fya;= fldg NslaIQka jykafia,d iy is,a ud;dfjda .,a f,ka ;=<g
iSud jQy' is,a ud;d ldhsõ muKla lsisÿ le<öula fkdue;s j Ydka; j
Nhla fyda mSvdjla fkdue;s j ;u Ndjkd mqyqKq lghq;= lrf.k .shd
h' O¾uh fidhd .ekSug weh wef.a is; lh mß;Hd. lr fyda bÈßhg
hEug wêIaGdk lr isáhd h' fï Njfha § u ÿlska ñoSug kï tu O¾u
ud¾.fha hEug wêIaGdk lr.; hq;= neõ weh oek isáhd h'
tla lf,l mQ .d´ l÷ jeáhg fkdlvjd fy¿E fndaïn jreidj

ksid is,a ud;djkaf.a Ndjkd mßirh úkdY ù .sfha h' bkamiq is,a ud;d
ldhsõ iy wka is,a ud;dfjda jvd;a yqol,dj isáh yels l%dnd f,k fj;
.shy' tllg tlla ne|s l÷ hdfhys tla tla lkao md .ukska ;rKh
lrñka" cmka hqO .=jka hdkd Èfjk .=jka ud¾.fhka wE; lkaola lrd
is,a ud;dfjda meñKshy' fuu lkafoa .,a f,ka rdYshla tl <Õ tl
msysgd ;snqKs' tla is,a ud;djlg tla .,a f,k ne.ska fjka fldg ;u
Ndjkd lghq;= yqol,dj lrf.k hEug bv lv ilia jqKs'
tys .sh m<uqjk rd;%sfha § u is,a ud;d ldhsõg wef.a .eUqre

iudêh ;=<ska úYd, kd.fhl= jka foaj;dfjla uqK .eiqKs' tu o¾Ykh
ÿgq jyd u" ta kd. f,dúka wd kd. foaj;djla neõ y÷kd .;a;d h'
Tjqka idudkHfhka .ejfikafka yqUia iy c,h wdY%s; N+ñ wê.Dys;
j h' kd.hskag Wka is;k mßÈ fkdfhla fjia .ekSfï yelshdj we;s
fyhska is,a ud;d ldhsõ tu oiqkaj,g jYS jQjd h' kd.fhda fndfyda úg
fjiaj,d .kafka ukqIHhka yeáhg h' kuq;a fuys isá úYd, kd.hd
lsisÿ ;elSula fkdue;sj Wf.a ìhlre È.= YÍrfhka weh ;Èka fj,d
f.k fmKh mqïnd wef.a uqyqK bÈßhg f.k" msôñka ysre ke.Sug
m%:u ishü is,aud;djka urd ld ouk njg ;¾ckh lf<a h' is,a ud;d
ldhsõ urKhg ìh fkdù isàfï wdOHd;añl n,h weh ;=< we;s fyhska
Bg ìh fkd jQjd h' uqyqKg uqyqK ,d isá kd.hdg weh b;d ikaiqka j
iodpdr O¾uhkag úreoaOj lDDr l%shd l< úg bka we;sjk M, úmdl
.ek u;la lr .kakd f,i oeä f,i oekajQjd h' fuys isák ishü
is,a ud;djka nqÿrcdKka jykafiaf.a orejka nj;a" wdOHd;añl .=Kj.
dfõ mrudo¾Yh Tjqka nj;a" tjka is,a ud;djkag lsisúgl ysxid fkdl<
hq;= nj;a weh kd.hdg lSjd h' oIaG lsÍfï bßhõfjka isá kd.hdg" W!
we;af;kau Wmdisldjka urd lEug iQodkï jkafka kï" kd.hd uq,ska u
urd ld oeñh hq;af;a ;ud nj is,a ud;dj oekaù h' kd.hd wef.a uqyqK
bÈßfha Wf.a fmKh mqïnd úYd, lg wer oIag lsÍug iQodkï úh' kuq;a
is,a ud;djf.a YS,fha wdYap¾hj;a n,h fya;=fldgf.k kd.hdf.a lg
.skafkka oefjkakg mgka .;s' .skafkka lg oefjoa§ W! fõokdfjka
lE.ikakg úh' fudfyd;lska yslaó ixjr jQ kd.hd ,Êcdfjka ;reK
msßñfhl=f.a fjia f.k ñ;%YS,S j wjk; úh'
;reK ñksia fjiska isá kd.hd fuu f,ka ixlS¾Kh is,a ud;djka
yd iu.sj mßyrKh lsÍug tlÕ úh' kuq;a Tyq oÕldr fld,af,l=
fia yeisfrñka oÕ,ñka ;ekska ;ek ÿjkakg úh' fï wreu mqÿu kd.
;reKhd f,ka ixlS¾Kh ueo .,la u; jdäù uy yhsfhka msöug mgka
.;af;a h' Tyq Bg m%sh njla we;s nj fmkqKs' ngk,d yf~ fodaxldrh
.,af,ka isidrd úys§ .sfha h' kuq;a Tyq tu ngk,dj msôñka Ndjkdfhda.Sj
jdä ù isá ldhsõ is,a ud;dj iómhg tk iEu wjia:djl§ u tys iajrh"
Yíoh yßyeá u;= fkdù fkd weiS hhs' fï wreuh Tyqg m%fya<sldjla ù
bÉPdNx.;ajhg meñKsfha h'
ld,h áflka ál f.ù hoa§ Tyqf.a ngk,d kdoh is,a ud;djf.a

hï n,hlska wfydais lsÍug yelslula we;s neõ Tyq jgyd .;af;a h'
ta iu. u wef.a widudkH Yla;Ska .ek Tyq mqÿuhg m;a jQ w;r wehj
mrdch lsÍug fkdyelsùu .ek lK.dgq úh'
Èkla Tyq ngk,dj o /f.k tkq ÿgq is,a ud;d ldhsõ Tyq fldys
hkafka oehs úuiqjd h' wehg iroï lsÍfï wáfhka ;ud .ïudkfha
.eyekshl iu. wd,nia fodvkakg l,ska ys;df.k wdj;a miqj weh
iu. wd, rx.khl fhfokak wdYdjla meñKs nj lSfõ h'
weh ;¾ckd;aul ne,aulska Tyq foi n,d weh iodpdr YS,hla

rlsk ldka;djla nj;a msßñ .ek lsisÿ wdYdjla wE ;=< ke;s nj;a Wia
iajrhlska lSjd h' weh" Tyqg uQ,sl iodpdrd;aul pß; ,laIK Tyq ;=<
j¾Okh lr.ekSug Wmfoia ÿkakd h' iEu i;a;ajfhl=g u fmdÿfõ
;sìh hq;= pß; ,laIKhkays moku jkafka nqÿka jod< iodpdr .=K
nj;a tajd f.!rjfhka /lsh hq;= nj;a mejiqjd h' fuu iodpdrd;aul
ixjrh tlsfkldf.a wd;au f.!rjhka rlsk nj;a Tjqkf.a fN!;sl yd
wdOHd;añl jia;+ka fkdukd f,i mdúÉÑ lsÍu j<lk nj;a mejiqjd
h' is; ;=<ska u ndOlhka f.dv k.d Tjqka ixjr lrk nj weh Tyqg
myod ÿkakd h' tfuka u flfkl=f.a wNHka;r YslaIKh Tmj;a lrk
nj o lSfõ h' YS,h ksjerÈ j wdrlaId lsÍu ke;s ;ek w;miqùï iy
fkdie,ls,su;a ùï wiSñ; f,i jHdma; fõ'
tfia jHdma; jQ f,dalfha iduh iy wdrlaIdj mj;sk rgla fidhd.;

fkdyels jkq we;' wdOHd;añl .=K j.djka .ek Tyq ;=< mj;sk
my;a fkdie,ls,a, jyd u ÿre lr .kakd f,i;a nqoaO O¾ufha úkh
m%;sm;a;Skag wkqj Tyqf.a iodpdrd;aul wdl,am j¾Okh lr.ekSug;a
is,a ud;dj kd.hdg Wmfoia ÿkakd h' Tyqf.a yoj; ;=< we;s tu my;a
m<sfndaOhka bj;a lr.; fyd;a Tyqg;a wka yefudag;a b;d ixjr j
i;=áka jdih lsÍug yelsjkq we;s nj jeäÿrg;a mejiS h'
is,a ud;djf.a ;¾ldkql+, j l< úia;rh wid ;reK kd.hd Tyqf.a

jerÈ ms<sf.k wef.ka Bg iudj whe§ h' Tyqf.a yojf;a ikaiqka nj ÿgq
is,a ud;d ldhsõ mxpYS,h iudoka jk f,i wkqYdikd l<d h'
m<uqj Tn mK we;s i;=kag ysxid lsÍfuka je<flkak ´kE' tfia

lsÍfuka Tng Tfí fldamh j,lajd .ekSug yels ù" wkqkg ffu;%sh
jvkak Wkkaÿj Tng we;s fjkjd'
wkqkg wh;a fohla Tjqkf.a wjirhla fkdue;sj .ekSfuka

j<lskak ´kE' fidfrl=g we;sjk udkisl;ajh neyer lsÍfuka f,daNh
md,kh ù w;yeÍfï .=Kh j¾Okh ùug u. mEfoa'
ish¨ kqiqÿiq ldu fiajkhkaf.ka je<lS tu yeisÍï w;yßkak ´kE'

ta wehsoehs lshfyd;a lduh jrojd yeisÍfuka je<lS isàu ldudYdjka
uev,Sug Wmldß ù iEySulg m;ajk .=Kh j¾Okh fõ'
fndre lSfuka je<lSu iy yeu l,ays we;a; l;dlsÍu" fndrelSu

i|yd we;s keUqrej md,kh lrhs' tfiau Tfí iEu lghq;a;l§ u
i;Hjd§ j l%shd lsÍug is; mqreÿ fõ' we;a; lSug Wkkaÿ lrjhs'
u;aøjH .ekSfuka je<lSfuka wk;=reodhl is;=ú,s biau;= ùug bv

fkd§ tu W;af;ack u¾okh lrhs' ksjerÈ isysh j¾Okh lrhs' fuh
/lSfuka wka ish¨ YslaIdmo lsisÿ ndOdjla rys;j myiqfjka /l .ekSug
wjYH uQ,sl moku we;s lrhs'
fuu uQ,sl YslaIdmo ms<s.ekSug kd. ;reKhd tlÕ jQ miq is,a

ud;d ldhsõ odkh iy Ndjkdj óg wu;rj w;sYfhka jeo.;a O¾u
lreKq nj meyeÈ,s l<d h' fï oE fuu Ôú;fha o u;= Ôú;fha o
wdOHd;añl wd;auúYajdih f.dv k.d .ekSug wä;d,ula jkq we;ehs o
mejiqjd h' ish¨ i;a;ajfhda ;u ;ukaf.a l¾uhkays m%;sM, fya;=fjka
Wmka fyhska tajdfha M, úmdl .ek mQ¾K j.lSu Tjqka i;=jk w;r
wka lsisjl= Bg j. lsj hq;= fkdjk nj o mejiqjd h'
fkdla l%dnd f,ka ixlS¾Kfha jdih l< is,a ud;dfjda wi,

.ïudkhl .ï jeishka lSm fofkl=f.ka iy,a iy wdydr øjH ,nd
.ekSug yels hhs úYajdih ;nd isáhy' Tjqka jkdka;rfha weúo le,E
m,d j¾." wdydrhg .; yels w, j¾. iy le,E y;= Tjqkf.a wdydr
i|yd wu;rj fidhd ÿKs' kuq;a iy,a iy lrj, .%dóh fj<÷ka f.ka
,nd .ekSug Tjqkg isÿ úh' w;HjYH wdydr øjH wdrKHhg f.k wd
ldka;dfjda Y%oaOdjka; odhsldfjda jQy' Tjqkaf.a Nla;su;a lemùu w.h
lrñka is,a ud;d ldhsõ wef.a Ndjkd w;aoelSï wdo¾Yj;a mdvï yeáhg
lshdfoñka YS,fha W;=ï jákdlu o lshd ÿkakd h' kuq;a kd.fhl=
fu,a, l< wef.a n,h .ek úia;r .ï jeishka w;r me;sr hoa§ Tõyq
wia:dk ìhg;a tfuka u wiykhg;a m;a jQy' w;S;fha isg" iÔj wÔj
iEu jia;=jl u wd;auhla we;ehs hk ñ;Hd úYajdihkays t,an isá fuu
.ï jeisfhda tu m%foaYhg wrla .;a foúhka wNsNjd hk ´kEu flfkl=

.ek wúpdr ìhla iy ielhla we;slr .;ay' is,a ud;d ldhsõ ueðla
n,hlska kd.hd fu,a, lsÍu Tjqkf.a úiauhg;a ìhg;a fya;= úh' fkdla
l%dnd .,a f,ka msysá jkdka;rh ovhï lsÍug iy m,d j¾. tl;= lr
.ekSug .ïuqka yg msysg jQ le,hls' is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a Ñ;a; n,h
.ek wdrxÑ jQ .ï jeisfhda ta .ek ìh ù iel Wmojd le,hg we;=¿ùug
wlue;s jQy' fï .ek fkdfhla úlD;s meñKs,s u;=fjkakg mgka .;s'
fuu ld,fha§ u ld,.=Ksl úm¾hdihla isÿ ù" Èjd ? uq¿,af,a uy jeis
jeà my< .ïudk c,fhka hg úh' wld,fha uy jeis jeàu .ek;a c,
.e,au .ek;a .ï jeisfhda is,a ud;d ldhsõ yg fpdaokd lf<da h'
wia:dk fpdaokd je, fkdleã .,d wd ksid fï m%foaYh w;yer

fjk;a fmfoilg hd hq;= hhs is,a ud;d ldhsõ ;SrKh l<d h' fkdla
l%dnd f,ka ixlS¾Kh yqol,d jdihg fndfyda fihska fhda.H jqj o wjg
mßirfhka f.dv ke.=Kq jd;djrKh t;rï ys;lr fkd ù h' wE .ek
.ï jeishka we;slrf.k isák jerÈ wjfndaOh ksid ;j ÿrg;a fuys
/|Sfuka wfkla is,a ud;djkag wjevla ysßyerhla jkq we;ehs weh is;=jd
h' tksid wef.a is,a ud;d lKavdhu o legqj kej; mQ .d´ l÷lrhg
hEug ;SrKh l<d h'
103
Tn W;am;a;sfhka Wreu lr f.k wd

i;sh iy m%{dj
jeä ÈhqKq lr.ekSu w;miq lrkak tmd
WodiSk j Ndjkd mqyqKqfjys ksr; jqj fyd;a
Tn hk ud¾.fha ndOl tkak tkak u jeä ù
ksjka u. iïmQ¾Kfhka u w÷re lr
.ufka fl<jr iodld,slj u w÷frys u .s,ajd ;nkq we;'
wdOHd;añl Yla;sfha mßydKsh
wdpd¾h lï mdka ysñ mQ .d´ wdrKHfha m%dKkd,sh úh' is,a ud;djka

yg O¾udjjdo § Tjqka wd¾h ud¾.h ;=< ilia lsÍu Wkajykafiaf.a
j.lSu úh' tksid .sysf.h w;er wd is,aud;djka jßka jr uqK .eiS
Tjqkf.a w;aoelSï yd .eg¨ iuQy jYfhka iy fm!oa.,sl idlÉPd
fldg Tjqkg wjYH wjjdo wkqYdikd ,nd fokafkah' Wkajykafiaf.a
jhi iy fcHaIaG;ajh" Wkajykafiaf.ka .=reyrelï .;a ldka;djka yd
f,!lsl ne§ï we;slr .ekSu j<lajd ,Sh'
wfyda æ
uia f.dvl ÿ¾j,;djh iy wdOHd;añl Yla;shl msßySu
is,a ud;d ldhsõ iy msßi fkdla l%dnd f,kg .sh miq wdrKHfha
is,a ud;djka lSm fofkla muKla b;sß úh fï ld,fha ;ud .=rejrfhla
nj wu;l fldg Tyqf.a ;;aFjh .ekj;a lsisÿ ;elSula fkdue;s j
wdrKHfha /÷Kq tla is,a ud;djla iu. Tyq fkdukd fifkyila
we;slr f.k we;' Wkajykafiaf.a iudê Ndjkd uÜgu wfkla msgia;r
f,dalhkays Ôùka .ek fiùug ;rï m%n, jqjo i;s bkaøsh iy m%{d
bkaøsh Wkajykafia ksishdldrj fkd jevQ fyhska ;u is; úksúo

oelSu w;miq úh' nqÿrcdKka jykafia b.ekajQ uQ,sl úkhdkql+, p¾hd
O¾uhka wkq.ukh lsÍu Wkajykafia u. yeßfha h' ;u isf;ys iy
lfhys l%shd;aul jk Wmdodkhka .ek Tyq .eUqßka ksÍlaIKh lf<a
ke;' Wmdodkhka jy jyd fjkia jk nj;a th ÿlaÅ; ;;a;ajhla
we;slrk nj;a" uu uf.a lshd .kakg lsisjla fkdue;s nj;a oek.ekSug
Wkajykafiag fkdyels úh'
iudê Ndjkdfõfh§ .eUqre tald.%;djhlg meñKs miq is;;a

lh;a ú{dkuh jYfhka taldnoaO ù tl ixhq;shlg m;afõ ( isf;ys
iajNdjfhka u mj;sk —oek .ekSfï yelshdj˜ msßisÿh" ir,h" ksy~h"
tfukau fkd ief,kafkah' fuu taldnoaO ixhq;sh" flfkl= msßisÿ
iu;=,s;;djhlska hq;a i;a;ajfhl= we;af;a hhs yeÕSï W;amdokh lrhs'
th jpkska úia;r lsÍug wmyiq w;sYhska úYañ; jQ i;=g okjk wef,k
iq¨ iajNdjhls' fuu .eUqre iudê ;;a;ajh Wiia udkisl ;;ajhla hhs
fmkqk o th ;Kaydj oafõYh yd fudayh hk flf,iaj,ska hqla; h'
fujka iudê w;aoelSï f,!lsl iajNdjhla ñi fjklla fkdfõ' fuu
iajNdjh we;s ukilska ,nd.kakd wdOHd;añl {dkh flf,iaj,ska nr
jQ f,!lsl m%{djls'
iudê Ndjkdj ;=<ska ishqï tald.%;djhlg f.kd is; .eUqre msßisÿ

Yla;su;a is;ls' f,daflda;a;r m%{dj lrd t,ôh yelafla fufia tlÕ
lr.;a is; wruqfKys ;SlaIK j fufyhùfuks' ;Kaydj fl%daOh iy
fudayfhka jk úm;a;s Wÿrd oeñh yelafla is; lh fõokd .ek ;Sj%
úo¾Ykdjlska úu¾Ykh lf<d;a muKs' fuu ish¨ ixisoaëka ys Y+kH
nj wjfndaO lr ;Kaydj m%ySK fldg ueß ueÍ WmÈk ixidrfhka
.e,ùula ,eìh yelafla tjka ;Sj% úo¾Ykd Ndjkdjlska muKs' iudêh
iy m%{dj Ndjkdfõ wjidk wruqK lrd f.k hk ;=re tlg ne£ l%shd
l< hq;= fõ' lr;a;hl frdao fol l%shd lrkakdla fuks' iudêfhka
,nk isf;a tlÕlu iy ixis£u m%{dj wjÈ lrhs' isf;a .eUqf¾ we;s
flf,ia bka ÿre lsÍug úfYaIs; Ndjkd l%uhla Wmfhda.s lr.kS' fuu
oreKq flf,ia uq,skqmqgd oeófuka miq m%{dj isf;a ikaiqka nj ;j;a
wNsksIal%uKh ( wdOHd;añl Yla;sfha mßydKsh 105
jeä lrhs' tksid iudêh iy m%{dj tlsfkld miqmi hñka nqÿka jod<
uf.ys ksjk lrd Ndjkdkqfhda.shd fufyhjhs' iudêfhka ,;a isf;a
tald.%;djh iy ixis£fuka wdpd¾h lï mdka ysñyg <x ùug yelsjQfha
wdOHd;añl Yla;Ska msÍ we;s ndysr f,dalfha fodrgqj iómhg muKs'
tfia ,o .eUqre iudêh ;u wNHka;rh úu¾Ykh lsÍug Wkajykafia
m%fhdackhg fkd.;af;a h' ta fjkqjg fyf;u msg ilaj, ishqï ú{dk
Odrdjka lrd muKla fhduq lsÍug ;u Ndjkd Yla;sh Wmfhda.s lr
.;af;ah' fuu nd, wdYdjkaf.ka ;u is; wdrlaId lr úuqla;sh lrd
m%{dj ÈhqKq fkdfldg rd.hg wiqfjñka bkaøshhka mskjñka fudayfhka
msß iif¾ w;rux jqKs'
fkdla l%dnd f,fka isg wdrKHhg wdmiq tk ld,h jk úg

wdpd¾h lï mdka iy lKsIaG is,a ud;djf.a fkdukd iïnkaO;djh
ÿrÈ. f.dia ;snqKs' Wkajykafiaf.a fcHIaG;ajh kdhl;ajh iy Ndjkd
.=rejrfhl= jYfhka ,;a lS¾;skduh .ek i,ld n,d fuu wh:d l%shdj
.ek lsisfjla l;d lsÍugj;a wlue;s jQy' wdrKHfha NslaIQyq iy is,a
ud;dfjda fuu wfYdaNk ;;a;ajh ksid wdrKHh msßfyk nj is;+y'
kuq;a tla Èkla yÈisfha u lï mdka ysñ Tyq;a ;reK is,aud;dj;a isjqre
yer újdy ù .sys Ôú;hla .; lsÍug ;SrKh l< neõ m%ldY lf<a
h' fuu wdrxÑh ldf.a;a is;a ii, lrù h' ldg;a woyd .kakg neß
lreKla úh' is,a ud;d ldhsõ Tyqf.a mßydKsh .ek fYdal jQjd h'
weh;a wfkla is,a ud;djkq;a Tyq flfrys ;enQ úYajdih Tyq ì| oeuQ
fyhska Tyq flfrys ms<sl=,la o we;slr .;s' fudyq isjqre yer msgù hk
ld,h jk úg wdrKHfha Tyqf.a f.da, msßi jir wgla Tyqf.ka Wmfoia
,nd ;snqKs' Tyqf.a fuu wmlS¾;su;a yeisÍu w;sYhska ms<sl=,a iy.;
tlla úh' wdrKHhg .=rejrfhl= ke;s úh' wdrKHfha b;sß NslaIQka
jykafia,d iy is,a ud;dfjda fjk;a iqÿiq mßirhlg hEu jvd;a fhda.H
neõ l;sld lr .;a y' is,a ud;djkaf.a kdhsldjka jQ is,a ud;d vex iy
is,a ud;d hsx Tjqk;r yÈis /iaùula le|jd yeuf.au leue;a; wkqj
;ukaf.a Wmka .u iómhg jydu hdhq;= nj;a ta wi, jkdka;rfha is,a
ud;djkag muKla jdih i|yd iqÿiq wdrKHhla ilia lr.; hq;= nj;a
;SrKh lr .;ay'
tu wruqKq is;ays ordf.k is,a ud;d ldhsõ iy ;j;a is,a ud;djka

yh fofkl= 1945 j¾Ifha jika; iufha ndka yqwdhs idhs .ïudkh
iómhg .shy' is,a ud;djka uqyqK mE wlr;eính jgyd .;a .fï
jeo.;a jeäysáhka fofofkla Tjqkg lemlrejka ùug tlÕ ù Tjqkf.a
.fï isg ol=Kq foig ie;mqula muK ÿßka wlalr 20 l muK N+ñ
Nd.hla is,a ud;djkaf.a wdrKH idod .ekSug mQcd l<y' tu bvu
.fï l=Uqrej,g by<ska msysá" l,ska w;=re fNda. j.d l< bvuls' úYd,
WKnïnq m÷rej,ska jgjQ fijK fok úYd, .ia jeù ;snQ fuu N+ñNd.h
yqol,dj Ndjkd lghq;= lrf.k hEug b;du;a fhda.H jQ bvula úh'
is,a ud;dfjda Tjqkf.a mQcdj b;d f.!rjfhka iy mqKHdkqfudaokdfjka
Ndr f.k jy jyd is,aud;d wdrKHhla f.dvke.Sfï lghq;= wdrïN
l<y'
.ïudkfha ia;%s mqreI fomlaIfha u Woõ Wmldrfhka >k j jeù

;snQ m÷re lmd Y=oaO lr wjYH mßÈ ìï ilia lr is,a ud;djkag iqÿiq
;djld,sl l=á bÈ flßKs' WKnïnq m,d tu m;=rej,ska Tjqkg ys|Sug
iy ie;mSug fmdf<dfjka wä tlyudrla muK WiajQ ueis ilia lr
ÿkay' .u wjg fndfyda fihska jevKq Wi ;K ñá jYfhka ne| jy,
fiú,s l<y' tllg tlla wE;a jkfia is,a ud;djkag l=á f.dv k.d
tu l=á bÈßfhka ilauka Ndjkdj i|yd ilauka u¨ ilia lr ÿkay'
wdrKHfha újD; N+ñNd.hl WKnïnq Wmfhda.s fldg l=vd Yd,djla

o bÈlr ÿkay' fmdf<dfjka Wiajk fia ,S fldg isgqjd ,E,sj,ska Yd,dfõ
ìu ilia lr ÿka w;r wdydr ms<sfh, lr .ekSug ueáj,ska ,sma ne|
l=vd l=iaishla o ms<sfh, lr ÿKs' tÈfkod Ôj;a úug wjYH WmlrK
ysÕhla ;snQ fyhska is,a ud;dfjda WKnïnqj,ska fldamam ye|s wdÈh ilia
lr .;ay' w,q;a wdrKHhg wjYH c,h Èkm;d wi, Thlska /f.k wdy'
wjYH fifrmamq fkd;snQ ksid Tjqka mqjla ykiq fõ,d pdï fifrmamq
idod .;ay' le;s Wo¨ ij, wd§ WmlrK jßka jr .fuka wjYH mßÈ
b,a,d .;a w;r .ïjdiSkag lrorhla fkdjk fia is,aud;dfjda ÿIalr
Ôú;hla f.k .shy' ta yeu ysßyerhla u Tjqka O¾ufha kdufhka bjid
ordf.k ffO¾h iïmkak j ;u mqyqKq lghq;= fkdlvjd f.k .shy'
wNsksIal%uKh ( wdOHd;añl Yla;sfha mßydKsh 107
ndka yqwdhs idhs is,a ud;d wdrKHh l=vd pdï wrKls' Ndjkd mqyqKqj
i|yd wjk; úh hq;= úkh ir, kuq;a oeä h' Tjqkf.a Ôj;aùu i|yd
w;HjYH foa tys fkd ù h' is,a ud;dfjda ojfia jeä ld,h Ndjkdj
i|yd fjka l<y' iEu iekaoEjl § u pdï j bÈ jQ O¾u Yd,djg tla
/ia jk is,a ud;dfjda nqoaO jkaokd .d:d tlaj iÊCOdhkd lrñka nqÿka
oyï iÕ .=K fufkys lr;s'
;u Ndjkd .eg¨ úi|d .ekSug kqiqÿiq .=rejrfhl= isákjdg

jvd fufia YdÍßl ÿla fõokd ú|sñka ;uka u O¾ufha .eUqr fiùu
fhfylehs is,a ud;d ldhsõ lSjd h' lï mdka ysñ rd.hg f.dÿre jQ whqre
weh b;d lK.dgqfjka isys l< w;r tu isoaêh wef.a yoj;g uyd nrla
úh' tÈfkod ñksidg u;= fjù mek k.sk ldudYdjka fu,a, lsÍug
Tyqf.a Ndjkdjg yqre uki wfmdfydi;a jQfha flfia oehs wehg jgyd
.ekSug wiSre úh' fuu lreK wef.a ielhg;a uy;a lkiai,a,lg;a
Ndckh jQ lreKla úh' wef.a Ndjkdj kshñ; msßisÿ ud¾.fha hkafka
oehs jfrl wehg ielhla Wmks' weh wef.a Ndjkdfõ jeo.;a fldgila
w;miq lr weoao@ ms<s;=rla fkdue;s fujka .eg¿ ueoafoa wirK jQ is,a
ud;d ldhsõ i;H jYfhka u iqÿiqlï we;s lïuÜGdkdpd¾h ysñ kula
fidhd .; hq;= hhs ;SrKh l<d h'
fcHaIaG is,a ud;d vex iy hsx wdrKHfha tÈfkod md,k lghq;=j,

ksr; jQy' wjqreÿ wgla tlg Ôj;a jQ is,a ud;dfjda w;yer" kuq;a Tjqkf.a
wdYS¾jdoh ,nd wdrKHh w;yer wef.a wêIaGdkh bgqlr .ekSu i|yd
.=rejrfhl= fidhd msg;aj .shd h' jia ld,h ksujQ jydu is,a ud;d
ldhsõ ;j tla lksIaG is,a ud;djl o legqj mQ mdka l÷ jeáh ;rKh
fldg" W;=re foig jeà we;s wämdrj,a Tiafia ÿIalr m¾j; ;rKh
lrñka oejeka; ñáhdj;a yryd mhska u wdpd¾h fldx.aud Örm[af[d
f;rekaf.a wimqjg meñKshd h'
ukqIH YÍrh
;Kaydj iy we,Su
we;slrjk oejeka; ldu.=Khls'
ÿl tys fkd je<elaúh yels m%;súmdlhls'
YÍrh foi n,kak th yeu fudfyd;l u fjkia jk
wä folla m<, wä yhla È.
uia f,a f.dvls'
ldh.;d i;sh
wdrKHfha m%Odk Yd,dj ;=< § is,a ud;d ldhsõ wdpd¾h fldx.a

ud ysñ uqK .eiqKd h' Wkajykafiag je| kuialdr lr Ndjkdj ;=<
§ weh uqyqKmdk .eg¨ meyeÈ,s l<d h' wef.a isf;ys iudêh iy
Ydka;Ndjh ;=rkalr lkiai¨ iajNdjhla we;s lrñka wef.a we;=<;
Ñ;a; iajNdjh j,d mg,hlska jeiS hdug ;=vq ÿka fya;+ka wehg yels
mßoafoka Wkajykafiag úia;r l<d h' lï mdka ysñ isjqre yeÍu;a iu.
wef.a Ndjkd mqyqKqj l%uj;aj fkd flrefKa h' is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a ;Sj%
Ñ;a; tald.%;djh ndysr rEm fj; wef,k nj;a th wka w;lg fhduq
l< hq;= nj;a úfYaIfhka ldh.;d i;s Ndjkdj wdrïN l< hq;= njg;a
Wkajykafia wehg ms<s;=re jYfhka lS h' tfiau ;u YÍrfha ms<sl=,a
fldgia foi o Wmam;a;sfhka u ñksia YÍrfha we;s l=Kqmhka foi o
wjOdkh fhduq lrjñka Ndjkd mqyqKqj bÈßhg f.k hk f,i wehg
wjjdo ÿkafka h' m<uqj" flia f,dï ksh o;a iy yu .ek o miqj YÍrh
;=<g wjOdkh fhduq fldg uia - kyr - weg - wegñÿ¿ - jl=.vqj -
yDohudxYh - wlaudj - nvÈj - mmqj - nvje, - w;=Kqnyk - Worh
- wiQÑ - ms; - fiu - ierj - f,a - oyÈh - fïO - l÷¨ - jqreKq f;,a
- fl< - fidgq - i|ñÿ¿ uq;%d hkdÈhg fhduq lrk f,i lSfõ h'
wNsksIal%uKh ( ldh.;d i;sh 109
wE fuf;la wdiajdohla ,enQ ndysr ixisoaëka .ek fhduql< isf;a

wjOdkh oeä wdhdihla f.k ;u YÍrh ;=<g fhduq lr tys l=Kqm
fldgia .ek úu¾Ykh lrñka uf.a YÍrhhs lshñka y÷kd .;a YÍrh
foig u fhduq lsÍug Wmfoia ÿKs'
f.!rjfhka kuq;a fo.sähdfjka tu Wmfoia is,a ud;d ldhsõ

úreoaO;ajhla fkd md Ndr .;a;d h' kuq;a weh iEySulg m;a fkd jQjd
h' —we;=<;g wjOdkh fhduq lsÍu˜ hkqfjka wE oek isáfha nqoafOda hk
uka;%h È.ska È.g u ue;sÍfï§ uki .eUqre ksi,;djhlg m;ajk nj
muKs' wdpd¾h uqka uyd ia:úrhka wjqreÿ .Kkdjlg fmr lshd ÿka tu
ir< l%uh fjkia l< hq;= ke;ehs wef.a uqrKavq is; lshd isáfha h'
wehg Ndjkdj .ek ;rul oekSula ;snQ nj we;a; h' kuq;a wdpd¾h
fldx.aud ysñf.a Ndjkd WmfoaYh ú.%y lr ne,Sug weh iQodkï jQfha
ke;' wehg ,enqKq kj Wmfoia .ek fkdi,ld wehg yqre mqreÿ Ndjkdj
u weh lrf.k .shd h' thska wid¾:l m%;sM, ,enqK o" ÈhqKqjla fkd
fmkqK o weh wef.a mrK Ndjkd l%ufhys u /|S mqyqKq lghq;= lrf.k
.shd h' wdpd¾h fldx.aud ysñg wjk; fkdù isá ;dla wehg wef.a is;
.eUqre iudêhg m;alr .ekSug wmyiq úh' udi .Kkdjla hk ;=re
u wef.a uqrKavqlu" wehg iudê .; is;la we;s lr .ekSug wmyiq
;;a;ajhla we;s lf<a h'
Ndjkdfõ m%.;shla fkdÿgq is,a ud;d ldhsõ wêlf,i wiykhg

m;a jQjd h' wef.a nqoaêfha fl,jr lrd meñK we;ehs wE ÿla jQjd h' tla
rd;%shl ilauka Ndjkdfõ fh§ isáh § weh wehg ;Èka fodaIdfrdamKh
lr .;a;d h' uq¿ rd;%sh mqrd ;o jeis jeiafia h' kuq;a weh l=áhg
hEu m%;slafIam l<d h' wehg mdvula W.ekaùug ld,h meñK we;'
uq¿ rd;%sfha u by<g my<g ilauka lrñka wef.a uqrKavq udkdêl
wdl,amh yslaujd .ekSug w;sYhska fjfyi oerejd h' wef.a jerÈ .ek
wE kej; kej; isys lrñka bka .e,fjk ;=re oeä wêIaGdkhlska
wef.a ukfia fkd kefuk .;sh .ek úuis,su;a jQjd h' wdpd¾h fldx.a
ud ysñ wef.a Ndjkd ÈhqKqj i|yd wehj fldmuK ilia l< o Bg
wjk; ùug wef.a is; fkdkeuqfKa h' weh bkakd ia:djrh widOdrK
nj;a th ilia lr .; hq;= nj;a wjidkfha wehg jegyqKs' weh wef.

ka u m%Yak l<d h' uu i;Hh ksjerÈ j u oek.kafka flfia o@ jrla
i;Hh wkqu; l< fuu is; u fï ;rï fudayfhka fj<S isáh § uu
flfia i;Hh fidhï o@
miqÈk w¨hu wef.a ÿ¾j,lï ukdj wjfndaO lr wef.a wlSlre

iajNdjh fjkia lr .ekSug wêIaGdk lr .;a;d h' nqÿrej wìhi
w;sf.!rjfhka je| jeà wdpd¾h fldx.aud f;reka jykafiaf.ka ksy~j
yoj; m;=f,ka u iudj whe§ h' nqoaO jkaokd ksu l< miq nqÿrej bÈßfha
weh Wkkaÿfjka ñksia lfha iajNdjh .ek Ndjkd lsÍug mgka .;a;d
h' lfha iajNdjfhka u msysgd we;s ms<sl=,aNdjh fufkys lrñka weh
Ndjkd l<d h' Ôj;aj isáh§ YÍrfha ms<sl=,g Ndckh jk" meyeÈ,sj
crdjg hk fldgia .ek weh uq,§ ;u i;sh msysgqjdh' kdih fidgqj,ska
msf¾ ¦ lka l,d÷rej,ska jefia ¦ iu oyÈfhka iy f;,ska f;;a fõ (
YÍrh fkdlvjd u, uQ;%d msg lrhs( fï oE ks;ru fidaod msßisÿ fkdl<
fyd;a bjid ord isàug neß ;rï ÿ¾.kaOhla jykh fõ'
weh ks;r fofõf,a ldh.;d i;sh jevqjd h' fuu l=Kq YÍrh
uf.ah hkqfjka ;Èka w,a,d .;a ksid wehg we;sjQ ish¨ wiykhka
wdrïN jQ neõ uekúka jegyqKs' lh Ôú;fha yrh nj;a —uu˜ hkakd
tys ueo isák flkd f,i l,ska ms<sf.k isá neúka fuu wiykldÍ
;;a;ajh we;sjQ neõ wehg jegyqKs' fuh wef.a idudkH ukig
fkdjegyqk o fuu uQ,sl úYajdih yojf;a m;=,g u nei l%shd;aul
jQ fyhska wE lrk lshk iEu fohlu ;o n, f,i —uu uf.a ug˜
hk yeÕSï ;Èka u l%shd;aul úh' flfkl=f.a Ôú;fha ish,a, ys;d
u;du ie,iqï lrkqfha YÍrh iïnkaO wdYdjka mokï lrf.k nj
wehg jegyqKs' ;ud wkqkg fmfkk wdldrh iïnkaO j ks;r ys;g
tk yeÕSu" ú,dis;d" wd;audNsudkh" iy fm!oa.,sl iem iïm;a iy
myiqlï hkdÈh wd;auhla we;ehs hk úYajdih u; f.dv ke.=Kq oE
neõ jegyqKd h'
lfha ms<sl=, .ek Ndjkd l< is,a ud;d ldhsõ yg ñksia YÍrfha
wmsßisÿ nj" fkd mj;sk nj" wdl¾IKhg jvd tys ms<sl=, we;s nj weh
w;aoelSug mgka .;a;d h' Èkm;d ldh.;d i;sh jeãfuka ;Kaydj ;=kS
lr .;a;d h' ;Kaydj ;=kS fj;a u" lhg noaO ù we;s —wd;au˜ kue;s
oeä úYajdih o wehg ;=kS lr.; yels úh'
weh Èkm;d Ndjkd mqyqKqfõ § wef.a YÍrh fldgfika fldgi

;Ügqfjka ;Ügqj fjka l<d h' ;u úu¾Ykh lroa§" iu YÍrfha uia
iy wNHka;r fldgia wdjrKh l< ishqï mglhla nj weh ÿgqjd h'
neÆ ne,aug msßisÿj uk n|sk fohla f,i iu fmkqK o ióm j
mÍlaId lroa§ th fldrfmd;= iys; yels¨Kq ks;ru oyÈh iy f;,a
j.=rejk mg,hla neõ fmkqKs' yu ;udg;a wkqkag;a ms<sl=f,ka f;dr
j ;nd .ekSug kï ks;ru fidaoñka msßisÿ lr ;nd .ekSug wjYH
fohla nj o jegyqKs' ysifla mSrd yev oud tys uk n|sk iajrEmh ksid
wdvïnr fõ( kuq;a lEu msÕdkg ysifla lSmhla jeàug ie,eiaiqjfyd;a
th nv.sks mjd ke;s lsÍug ;rï ms<sl=,la W;amdokh lrhs' ysifla
iy f,dau Wm;ska u ms<sl=,a iy.; h' tksid ks;ru tajd kyjd fidaod
msßisÿ l< hq;= fõ' ukqIH YÍrfha ´kE u fldgila iïnkaO jQ fohla
jeä fõ,djla msßisÿ j mj;skafka o ke;' fï YÍrfha iajNdjh crdjg
m;a ùuh' wfma YÍrfha we;s wmsßisÿNdjh iy ÿ.| fya;= fldg wfma
we÷ï we| we;sß,s ks;r ks;r fidaod msßisÿ l< hq;= fõ' wm wdYdfjka
lk wdydr o lg ;=<g f.k fl< iu. ñY% jQ miq th w;sYhska ms<sl=,a
iy.; h' uq¿ YÍrh u fuu ms<sl=,a ,laIK iajNdj fldg we;af;a h'
YÍrfha ndysr fldgiays we;s iajdNdúl ms<sl=, .ek fufkys l<

is,a ud;d ldhsõ YÍrfha wNka;r fldgiays o Y%djhka iy ÿ.| wiQÑ
u,uq;% .ek fufkys lsÍu wdrïN l<d h'
flia f,dï ksh o;a iy iu b;d ;shqKq ksÍlaIKhlg Ndckh l<

miq" t;=<ska wef.a ms<sl=,a is;sú,s j¾Okh j;a u is,a ud;d ldhsõ wef.a
YÍrh jid ;snQ iu ukiska .,jd thska jeiS ;snQ f,a ñY% wuq uia foi
ukiska ne¨jd h' f,a ñY% È,sfik iï mg,h foi neÆ wehg jukh
hk ;rï ms<sl=,la we;s úh' fï o¾Ykh uq,djla fkd jk nj;a ;u Ôú;
ld,fha § u YÍrfha ;snQ i;H ;;aFjh fuh nj;a weh jgyd .;a;d h'
tfia jegfy;a u weh ;u uki kyr olajd o weg iy wNHka;r fldgia
olajd o úksúo hjd ne¨jd h' udxY fmaYSka weg lgqj,g wuq uia l=Üá
fuka ne£ we;s ieá weh ÿgqjd h' wef.a uki bkamiq úysÿfKa Wl=,a
wegfhka by< b,weg l+vqfjka jg jQ fmfoig h' yDoh jia;=j" wlaudj"
jl=.vq" ma,Sydj" fmky¨" wdudYh" w;=Kqnyka" nvje,a' hk fï ish,a,
Wl=,aweghg Wäka b,weg l+vqj ;=< fïo fiï fidgq wdÈfhka ñY%j
msysgd ;snqKs' fl|s iys; ;=kS isúj,ska jg ù ;snqKs' tu fldgia tlska
tl l%udkql+, j wef.a ksÍlaIKhg Ndckh l<d h' fïo ;Ügq iu. f,a
úiqrejñka Wl= Y%djHhkaf.ka jgù tl tlla crd wiQÑ uQ;%d iu. tla j
lskï fudfydf;a fyda msg lsÍug iQodkï j f.dv.eiS ;snqKs'
wef.a b;du;a n,iïmkak jQ udkisl n,h YÍrh ;=<g úksúo

hjd YÍrfha wNHka;r YÍrdx.j, i;H ;;a;ajh m<uq j;djg úo¾Ykd
{dkfhka ÿgqjd h' fï oE m%{dfjka úu¾Ykh fldg YÍrfha ish¨ u
fldgia tlu iajNdjhla .kakd nj weh ÿgqjd h' uq¿ YÍrh u crdfjka
ms<sl=f,ka msreKq fohla nj;a tys ks;H jQ lsisjla fkdue;s nj;a" iEySulg
m;a úh yels lsisjla fkdue;s nj;a" tfia kï wd;auhla lshd .ekSug
lsisjla fkdue;s nj;a wehg ;yjqre úh' tu .ïNSr wjfndaOh;a iu.
u laIKhlska wef.a is; oeä ksi,;djhlg jegqKs' b;d ishqï wdf,dal
,laIhla yoj; m;=f,a ksú ksù wdf,dalu;a fjñka áflka ál j¾Okh
úh' iamkaokh fjñka úYd, jQ wdf,dalh §ma;su;a j nn<ñka mú;% j
kuH j mdfjk wdf,dal loïnhlska wef.a ú{dkh iïmQ¾Kfhka fj,d
.;a;d fia wehg oekqKs'
mdkaor Ndjkdfjka msìÿKq weh nqoaO jkaokd ksu l<d h' iEu
fudfyd;l u b;d ishqï iqixhuhla ;ud yd;ami we;sù ;sfnk njla
wehg yeÕ=Ks' idudkH Ôú;fha wehg óg l,ska ;snQ fo.sähdj l=,Eálu"
ieluqiq nj iïmQ¾Kfhka u ke;s ù .sfha h' Wfoa yS,a odkh NslaIQka
jykafia,dg ms<s.kajoa§ weh b;d m%fndaOj;a j i;=áka th bgq l<d
h' wef.a fjki fudfyd;lska y÷kd .;a wdpd¾h fldx.aud ysñ ldg;a
wefik fia ¦
—is,a ud;d ldhsõ Tn ksjerÈ ud¾.hg jegqKd' fkdie,S bÈßhg

hkak'˜
ksjerÈ ud¾.hg jegqKq is,a ud;d ldhsõ wdpd¾h fldx.aud

ysñ jik tu wimqfjys udi lSmhla /£ Ndjkd l<d h' fyd|
wdpd¾hjrfhl=f.a Wmfoia ,nñka wef.a i;sh iy m%{dj jeä ÈhqKq
lr.ekSfï Nd.Hh weh Wod lr .;a;d h' lï mdka ysñ rEmhg we,S
;Kaydjg jd,a ù is; wdrlaId lr .ekSug wmyiq jQ fya;=j wehg
fyd|dldr j jegyqKs' Nhdkl lduÉPkaofha we,Su;a" th wl¾ul lrk
l%uh;a weh jgyd .;a;d h'
weh wef.a Ndjkdfõ m%.;sh .ek" tkï iúu;a wä;d,ul msysá

njg oeä wd;au úYajdihla we;s jQ miq ndka yqwdhs idhs is,a ud;d
wdrKHfha ud;djkag Woõ lsÍu i|yd hEug ;SrKh l<d h' Tjqkg
iqÿiq .=rejrfhl=f.a u. fmkaùu fkdue;slu .ek weh ie,ls,su;a
jQjd h' tu wvqj is,a ud;djka fjkqfjka wehg imqrd,sh yels neõ weh
úYajdi l<d h'
wmg is,a ud;djka yeáhg

wfma pdï Ôú;fha fkd je<elaúh yels
ysÕmdvq lror ndOl fndfyda úg yuq fõ'
w,i fkdù wiykhg m;a fkdù
ta yeu bjiSfuka ú| ord .; hq;=hs
tjka iEu wjia:djl oS u Tfí laIKsl m%;spdrh úh hq;af;a
ffu;%sh iy lreKdj oelaùuhs'
mrudo¾YS fn!oaO is,a ud;dj
hym;a wdOHd;añl mßirhla we;s ndka yqwdhs idhs is,a ud;d

wdrKHh fj; ldhsõ is,a ud;dj kej; meñKshd h' weh wdrKHfha fkd
isá ld,fha § .syshka fuu wdrKHh foi ne¨fõ ;u .ug wh;a jeo.;a
iudchSh wdh;khla f,i h' Tjqyq tfia is;ñka wdrKHh iu. ióm j
ne£ isáhy' mß;Hd.h iy YS,h iïnkaO j nqÿrcdKka jykafia f,djg
ÿka Wmfoia m%cd j¾Okh i|yd fu;a is;ska lrk ,o wdrdOkdjla f,i
Tjqyq ie,l+y' úfYaIfhka .sysf.h w; yer iiqka.; jQ msßi /l n,d
.ksñka Tjqkg Woõ lsÍug tu mdvï Tiafia Tjqka wdrdOkd ,nk nj
f;areï .;s' Ndjkdfhda.S is,a ud;djka mQ ;dhs .ïudkfha isàu iodpdr
iïmkak iudchla ìys lsÍfï m%n, wdh;khla yeáhg Tjqyq ie,l+y'
th Tjqka ,;a —mska fl;la˜ fia i;=áka ms<s.;s'
ksjka u. fidhd hk ldka;djka O¾ufha fmd<Ujd mrudo¾YS

fn!oaO is,a ud;djlf.a Ôjk rgdj yev.iajk úYsIag wdh;khla
jYfhka ndka yqwdhs idhs wdrKHh m%isoaO úh' is,a ud;dj idukH ck
Ôú;fhka neyer jQ" ;u iajdñhd orejka iy mjq, w;yer ffu:qk
fiajkfhka je<lS isàug fmdfrdkaÿjla .;a;d jQ mskanr ldka;djls'
wNsksIal%uKh ( mrudo¾YS fn!oaO is,a ud;dj 115
is,aud;djla fia weh fmkS isák úg wef.a wdOHd;añl iajrEmh bka

fmkakqï lrhs wE ysi uqvq l<d h' weh iqÿ is,a frÈ fmfrõjd h' .sys
Ôjk rgdj iïmQ¾Kfhka w;yer weh mQ¾K wdOHd;añl Ôjk u.la
.;a;d h' ;udf.a iSñ; wjYH;d odkuh jYfhka ,ndf.k wkqkaf.ka
hefmk is,aj;a .eyekshla jQjd h'
.sysf.h yerod meñKs is,a ud;djlf.a Ôjh r|d mj;skafka flfkl=

lemùfuka rlsk YS,h iy oeä Ndjkd mqyqKqj u; h' YS,h iy mqyqKqj
wehj ksjka u.g fhduq lr wef.a wdOHd;añl úuqla;sh lrd f.k
hkakls' wdOHd;añl .=Kj.dfõ wNsjDoaêh r|d mj;skafka weh rlsk
YslaId mo u; h' iiqka .;j O¾ufha yeisfrk we;af;da fuu YslaIdmo
/lSfï jákdlu iïnkaOj b;d oeä ie,ls,a,la olaj;s' i;a;ajhd
ixidr pl%hg ne| ;nk l¾u úmdl iy ixialdr wfydais lsÍfï n,hla
fuu YS,fha we;' tys jákdlu thhs' fõokd f.k fok l¾u úmdl
ilia lrjk l%shdj,ska je<lSfï wä;d,u fuu YslaIdmo /lSfuka
Yla;su;a lrhs' ta iu. u ÿlska ñ§u i|yd we;s lr.; hq;= ldhsl iy
udkisl l%shdjkays msßisÿlu YS,fhka mßmQ¾K lrhs' wdrKHhl Wiia
mú;%;ajh rlsñka tys hym;a m%.;sh i|yd lghq;= lrñka .sys iudchg
mrudo¾YS jQ is,a ud;djla ilia ùu o YslaIdmo /lSfuka wh;a jk
úfYaIs; m%;s,dNhls'
ndka yqwdhs idhs is,a ud;d wdrKHfhys is,a ud;djlf.a wIaGdx.sl

YS,h oeäj /lSu iïnkaO j úfYaI wjOdkhla fhduq fjhs' weh i;=kag
ysxid lrkafka ke;¦ weh kqÿka fohla .kafka ke; ¦ weh mQ¾K
n%yaup¾hdj rlS ¦ weh fndre fla,dï mreI jpk iïmm%,dm fkd lshhs(
u;a øjH fkd.kS ¦ weh kegqï .ehqï úfkdao ùï Wiq¿ úiq¿ o¾Yk"
u,a ud,d me<£ï iqj| ú,jqka .e,aùï fkdlrhs ¦ Wia wiqka uy wiqka
mßyrKh fkd lrhs' fláfhka lshf;d;a fuu ir, ixjr úkh kS;s"
ish,a, w;yeÍfï iy m%{dj jeä ÈhqKq lsÍfï yelshdj we;slrk w;r
Wiia pß; j¾Okhla o we;s lrhs'
wdrKH.; Ôú;hl YS,fha moku ksrEmKh lrkqfha YslaIdmohka

ys uq,a is,a mo i;frks' i;aFj ysxidfjka je<lSu" fidrlï lsÍfuka
je<lSu" fndre lSfuka je<lSï" lduh jrojd yeisÍfuka je<lSu h'

wfkla is,a mo i;r wdOHd;añl mqyqKqj j¾Okh lsÍfuys ,d is; lh
yslaujd .ekSug WmldÍ fõ' tksid fuu is,amo i;r uQ,sl YslaId mo
i;f¾ úldYkhls' is,a ud;djla msßisÿ j uq,a YslaIdmo i;r iudoka
ù f.!rjfhka th wdrlaId lrk úg wfkla is,a mo /lSu wehg
myiq fõ' tajd W,a,x>kh lsÍu b;d nrm;, jrola fia ms<s.efka'
ÿlska ksoyia ùfï .eg¨j úi£u i|yd wka i;=kag fudkhï wdldrhlska
fyda ysxid lsÍu oafõYfhka iy fudayfhka mek ke.=K fkdu.
heùuls' kqÿka fohla .ekSfuka is,a ud;djka w;r mej;sh hq;= uQ,sl
wfkHdakH úYajdih ì| jefÜ' n%yaup¾hd m%;sm;a;sh /lSug Ôú;h
lem l< is,a ud;djkaf.a iy Tjqkg ohdfjka odkudk ms<s.kajk
whf.a o úYajdih fidrlï lsÍfuka ì| jefÜ' n%yaup¾hdj fkd/lSu
is,a ud;djlf.a uQ,sl pß; ,laIKh úkdY lrkakls' .sysf.h w;yer
hEfï W;=ï ,laIKh W,a,x>kh lrkafkls' ffu:qk fiajkfhka
neyer ùfuka Tjqkf.a Yla;Ska wdOHd;añl Ñ;a; j¾Okh i|yd fhoúh
yels jkq we;' fndre lSfuka iy fla<dï lSfuka ldf.a;a úYajdih m¿ÿ
jkjd fia u m%Odk jYfhka ;udf.a u is; .ek ;enQ úYajdih o úkdY
fõ'
iodpdr iïmkak nj Woa§mkh lrk YS,h b;d ishqï jQ o ixlS¾K

jQ o O¾u;djhls' th YslaIdmoj,g iy úkhg muKla iSud fkdjQjls'
YS,h ndysr kS;sj,ska ueksh fkdyelalls' YS,h ukfia mú;%;djh ms<sìUq
lrkakls' nqÿ uf.ys uQ,sl wruqK isf;a mj;sk flf,ia ÿre lsÍuhs'
tksid mdßY=oaO YS,h /lsh yelafla f,daN fodaI fuday uq,skqmqgd oeóug
yels ud¾.hl .uka lsÍfuks' wdOHd;aul mqyqKqfõ § YslaIdmo wksjd¾h
wxYhls' YS,fhka n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk wjidk m%;sM, Ndjkd mqyqKqjg
fhduq fkdù ,nd .; fkdyel' YS,fha mú;%;ajfha fmdaIKh ,nñka
msßisÿ fÉ;kd we;sj mj;ajdf.k hk uki meyeÈ,s Ydka; ;;a;ajhlg
m;a jkq we;' tksid YS,fha mßmQ¾K;ajhla we;s is,a ud;dj ksle,e,a
yoj;lska is; mqrdu me;sreKq i;=gla ú|skq we;'
ndka yqwdhs idhs is,a ud;d wdrKfha tÈfkod lghq;= ksYap, j

pdï f,i flÍf.k .sfha h' ojfia jeä ld,hla —i;sh˜ ÈhqKq lsÍfï
wNsksIal%uKh ( mrudo¾YS fn!oaO is,a ud;dj 117
mqyqKqjg is,a ud;djka fhduq flßKs' is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a Ndjkd l=i,;d
iy w;aoelSï yuqfõ lksIaG is,a ud;djkag Ndjkd Wmfoia foñka
wdrKHfha kdhl;ajhg bfí u m;ajqjd h' weh wka is,a ud;djkag
wdo¾Yj;a j ksy;udkS j ;u fidfydhqßhka iu. l,a.; l<d h' w¨hu
;=kg msìfok weh mdkaor my jk ;=re ilauka Ndjkdfjys fhÿKd h'
ysre t<ssh hdka;ñka wdrKHN+ñhg jefgoa§ yS,a odkh ms<sfh, lrk
wfkla is,a ud;djkag Woõ lsÍu i|yd weh t,suyka l=iaish fj;
.shd h' ms<sfh, lrk wdydrj, iqj| w¿hu yuk ukaoudre;h yd
fj<S wdrKHh mqrdu úys§ me;=reKs' ilia l< wdydrj,ska jeä fldgi
msKavmd;h i|yd jäk NslaIq wdrKHfha jev jik ysñjreka i|yd
fjka lr ;eìKs' NslaIQka jykafia,dg oka ms<s.ekajQ miq m%Odk Yd,djg
tla /ia jk is,a ud;dfjda ksYaYío j Tjqkf.a yS,a odkh je<ªy' is,a
ud;dfjda wdydr .ekSug m%:u pdß;%dkql+,j m%;HfõlaId l<y' ,o
wdydrh n%yaupßhdj /lSug muKla wjYH mßÈ tu wdydr j<|sk njg
TjQyq m%;HfõlaId l<y' yS,a odkfhka miqj Ndck fidaod msßisÿ lr
;u ;ukaf.a l=áj,g f.dia Ndjkd mqyqKqj wdrïN lf<da h' ojig tla
fõ,la muKla je<ª fuu is,a ud;djka yg Tjqkf.a wdOHd;añl ÈhqKqj
fjkqfjka muKla ojfia b;sß ld,h fjka lr .ekSug yelsjqKs'
w¨hu nqoaO jkaokdfjka miq is,a ud;d ldhsõ wef.a mQ¾K wjOdkh
Ndjkdj fj; fhduq l<d h' úYd, f;alal iy ufyda.ks .iaj,ska o
Wig jevqKq úYd, WK m÷rej,ska o jg jQ" wef.a l=vd l=áh fj; f.dia
uki fjk;l fkd hefjk ksi, jQ Ydka; mßirhl ojfia b;sß ld,h
lsisÿ ndOdjlska f;dr j yqol,d j .; l<d h'
jkfha ;=re ysia hg ìu iu;,d fldg .ïjdiSka úiska ilauka

u¨jla ilia lr ;snqKs' ilauka m:h w;=.d msßisÿ lr is,aud;d ldhsõ
tla fldkl Rcq j iSrefjka isg .;a;d h' bÈßhg .;a oE;a bKg
my<ska ol=Kq msá w,a, u; jï w,a, nqref,ka ;nd w,a,d .;a;d h'
ìug fy¿E oEia we;sj is; tlÕ fldg ilauka u¿fõ tla fldkl isg
wksla fldkg Ydka; ixjr .ukska ilauka l<d h' ilauka m:fha tla
fldklg meñKs miq ikaiqka ,d,s;Hfhka wdmiq yeÍ kej; bÈßhg
ilauka l<d h' fufia È.ska È.g lrk ilauka Ndjkdj" w,ilu"
lEfuka miq we;sjk u;h" tfuka u ksÈu; ke;s lrkakla neõ wehg
jegysKs' mdoh fmdf<djg jÈkjd;a iu. u nqoafOda jpkh fkd wefik
fia lshñka Ydka; ßoauhlska meh lSmhla iEu WoEikl u weh ilauka
Ndjkdfjys fhÿKd h' isf;a iudêh;a nqoafOda hkak is; m;=f,a .s,Su;a
fya;=fldgf.k ilaufkys ßoauh flfuka fjkia úh' tu fjki;a
iu.u i;sh ÈhqKq úh' i;sh;a iudêh;a b;d id¾:l f,i tla ù ;sfnk
fuu wjia:dfõ § wef.a uq¿ YÍrh u w;sYhska ieye,a¨ njla weÕ ùh'
;u .; wyfia mdfjñka hkakla f,i o wehg oekqKs'
kj mKla kj m%fndaOhla ,enqjd fia wehg oekqKs' ;ekam;a jQ

is;lska yd ieye,a¨ lhlska hq;=j is,a ud;d ldhsõ" w,xldr f,i w;=
úysÿKq mfhdaï .ila hg ys| .;a;d h' fuu .i wef.a ilauka u¿j
wi,u ;snQ .ils' tfia jdä jQ weh iji ;=k jk ;=re Ndjkd l<d h'
ta wfkla is,a ud;djka nqoaO jkaokd lrk fõ,djhs' ish,af,da tl;= ù
wdrKH N+ñh w;=.d msßisÿ lr wjYH ;ekaj,g" wi, <sf|ka j;=r weo
msrjQy' bkamiq Tjqyq wi, le,hg f.dia wdydrhg iqÿiq m,d j¾. y;="
WK fudfghshka wdÈh tl;= lr f.k t;s' ijia hdufha Èh kd .kakd
is,a ud;dfjda kej; m%Odk O¾u Yd,djg nqoaO jkaokd i|yd tla fj;s'
bkamiq ;u ;ukaf.a l=áj,g kej; hk Tjqyq wjg le,fha yqol,dj
Wreu lrksñka Ndjkd mqyqKq lghq;=j, ksr; jQy' is,a ud;d ldhsõ
kej; ilauka Ndjkdfjys meh lSmhla /£ isg miqj wef.a l=áh ;=<g
ú;a uOHu rd;%sh f;la ys| Ndjkd lrkakS h'
wdpd¾h fldx.aud hgf;a isg fuu wdrKHhg meñKs udi lSmh ;=<
is,a ud;d ldhsõ b;d Wkkaÿfjka ldh.;di;s Ndjkdfjys ksr; jQjd
h' kuq;a lh .ek fiùfï Wkkaÿj áflka ál wehf.ka .s,syS f.dia"
ndysr Yla;Ska .ek wehg óg fmr ;snQ Wkkaÿj kej; biau;= ù wdfõ h'
ldh.;di;s Ndjkdj wehf.a wdfõKsl wdOHd;añl keUqrejg m%;súreoaO
j l%shd lsÍug mgka .;s' wjidkfha weh wef.a m%n, wka;rdhldÍ
Ñ;a; wêfõ.hg f.dÿre úh' oEia mshfjkjd;a iu. u weh m%md;hlg
jefgkakd fia wehg oefkkakg mgka .;s úYajhg ;j;a ljq¿jla újD;
jQjd fia h' fudfyd;lska weh ;j;a wjodkï .fõIKhlg fkd oekqj;a
j u fhduq jQjd h'
119
bmÿK iEu ñksfil= u uefrkjd ¦ kej; WmÈkjd'

ÿla lkaordjla we;s fï ixidr pl%fha
kej; kej; WmÈkjd ¦ uefrkjd'
iuyr úg wm Wfoa fjkfldg uefrkak mq¿jka
iuyr úg iji uefrkak mq¿jka
wms okafk keye kuq;a ksis fõ,dj wd úg
urKh wm lrd meñfKk nj kï iaÓrhs'
jkaokd .uk
YS; ld,h ksu fj;a u ol=Kq wyfia ysre by<g u k.sñka ojfia
WKqiqï ld,h È.= lrhs' fï ld,fha is,a ud;d ldhsõ lksIaG is,a ud;djka
lKavdhula o legqj ifldaka kfldaka kue;s hdno Èia;%slalfha ta jk
úg jdih l< wdpd¾h uqka N+ßo;a; ysñ neye oelSug jkaokd .ukla
ie,iqï l<d h' fï jk úg YS; ld,fha weo ye¿eKq wjidk jeiai;a
ksu ù ;snqKs' wU .iaj, fmdl=re fmdl=re mSÿK u,a jgd u,a meKs îug
nv.skafka .=uq .=uq ko foñka ó ueis fmdÈ uq¿ m%foaYh mqrd u me;sr
mshdir lr;s' jkaokd .uk Èk fod<yla mhska hd hq;= È.= .ukls' mQ
mdka l÷ jeáh ;rKh lr ifldaka kfldaka m<d;g nei kdh .sh
l÷ w;ßka ndka mshq kd kdhs kï jQ úYd, ñáhdj;lg hdug kshñ;
j ;snqKs' .ukg wjYH wdydr nßka jeä jQ fyhska m%Odk l÷ ;rKh
lsÍug muKla iEfyk wdydr f.k hEug ie,iqï flreKs' l÷lrfha
.ïudk msysáfha ke;' ñáhdj;a iómfha wE;ska wE;ska .ïudk msysgd
;snQ w;r tllg tlla ojil .uklska hd yels jk fia msysgd ;snqKs'
tu .ï jeishkaf.a mß;Hd.YS,SNdjh lrK fldg Tjqkf.a yS,a odkh
msßuid .ekSug yelsjkq we;ehs Tjqyq l,amkd l<y' WKm;=rej,ska
iE¥ u¨j, iy,a yiqrd .;s' ueá fcda.=j, lg ok ud¿ wÉpdre nyd
ó báj,ska ;Èka mshka w,jd jid ilia lr.;a w;r úh<s uia iy
ud¿" wdydr fõ,a lSmhla ilid .ekSug ;rï ms<sfh, lr .;ay' .uk
w;ru. § m,d wdÈh tl;= lr .ekSug is;d .;ay'
is,a ud;dfjda tlsfkld msgqmi ;ks fma<shlg is,a ud;d ldhsõ

uQ,sl j ndka yqwdhs idhs wdrKHfhka msg;a jQy' tla tla is,a ud;djka
.ukg w;HdjYH jk iq¿ iq¿ WmlrK o wdydrj,g wu;rj /f.k .sh
w;r l+vhla wdldrhg ieleiQ l=vd oe,a l+vdrula o tla tla ud;djlf.a
Wrysia nE.fha f.k .shy' tu l=vd uÿre oe,a l+vdru rd;%s ld,fha
uÿrejkaf.ka wdrlaId ùu i|yd h' w;ska ueiQ fifrmamq ÿIalr wämdrj,a
Tiafia .uka lsÍug m%udKj;a úh' ;o ysre wõfjka wdrlaIdùu i|yd
Tjqkf.a ysia iqÿ frÈ lE,a,lska T;d jid .;ay'
uq,a oji f.ù hoa§ Tjqka mQ mdka l÷ mduq,g ióm jQy' jkdka;rh
fldá j,iqka f.ka yd i¾mhkaf.ka .yk jQjls' ksire fyaka f.dú;eka
l< l=vd .ïudk wE;ska wE;ska msysgd ;snqKs' foaY.=Kh n,dfmdfrd;a;=
fkdjQ whqßka fjkia úh' tfia jqj o mßirh b;d ruKSh úh' úYd,
ks,a WK nïnq m÷re iy ufyda.ks .iaj,ska o Wi ;K m÷rej,ska o
mßirh ;j;a w,xldr úh' w;ßka m;r msmS ;sfnk le,E u,aj,ska wjg
mßirh j¾Kj;a úh' l÷ .eg w;ßka iEÿKq lfmd¨ úYd, .iaj,ska
wdjrKh ù ìxf.hl yevh .;af;a h' ;ekska ;ek t,a,S jegqKq je,a
iys; le,E frdoj,a flfkl= f,fyisfhka u w;rux lsÍug iu;a úh'
is,a ud;djkaf.a .uka ud¾.h jeà ;snqfka fujka mßirhl h'
w;sYhska f;fyÜgq ù l÷ k.sñka nisñka .uka lrk is,a ud;djkag

l=vd .ïudkhla yuq jQ l< .ïjdiSka Tjqkg wdydr oka §ug hqyqiq¨
jknj Tjqkaf.a l;d niska jegyqKs' fifkyiska msß tu .ïjeishkag
wkqlïmdfjka Tjqka msßkuk iq¿ foa jqjo msx §fuka ndr .;ay' tu .fï
iqÿiq Èh lä;a;la fidhd Èh kd tu Èkhkays rd;%sh o tys .; lf<a h'
l=vhla fia w;ska uid idod .;a wdjrKh isksÿ lmq froaolska jg lr
l=vd l+vdrula fia ksujd" th .il w;a;l t,a,d tla tla is,a ud;djg
wejeis ksok l+vdru ilia lr .;ay' msÿre Tínjd idod .;a fldÜgh
Ndjkd lsÍug;a ksod .ekSug;a m%fhdackhg .;ay'
wNsksIal%uKh ( jkaokd .uk 121
iuyr rd;%Skays is,a ud;d ldhsõ wdpd¾h uqka f;reka jykafiaj

isysfkka ÿgqjd h' Wkajykafia wE foi b;d Wkkaÿfjka iy l=;=y,fhka
hq;= j n,d fufia úuik njla yeÕù h'
—Tn fuf;la l,a fldfya o ysáfha@ ud yuqfjkak fuÉpr l,a

.;af;a wehs @ uu ojiska oji uy¨ jk nj Tng fmakafk keoao @˜
wehg fï woyia f;areKd fia weh Wrysia .eiaiqjd h' Wkajykafia

b;d blaukska yuqúh hq;= neõ tu y~ wehg yeÕù h' iEu WoEikl u
is,a ud;dfjda Tjqkf.a ojfia tlu wdydr fõ, wkqNj l<y' n;a iu.
le,Efjka fidhd .;a m,d j¾. iy w, j¾. tu wdydr fõ,g we;=<;a
úh' Tjqkf.a fuu wdydr fõ, YÍrh iy uki mj;ajd .ekSu i|yd
muKla m%udKj;a j ilia lr .;s' .ufka § is,a ud;dfjda mshjfrka
mshjr fudfyd;ska fudfyd; i;sh msysgqjd f.k ixjr j .uka lf<da
h'
ÿIalr l÷ k.sñka nisñka ñáhdj;a yryd is,a ud;d ldhsõ iy

lKavdhu jkaokd .uk msg;a ù fodf<diajk Èk jk úg wdpd¾h uqka
ysñ fjfik wdrKHh fmfkk f;la udkhg meñKshy' Tjqka uq,ska
u uqK .eiqfKa fkdx mshq .ïudkfha .ï jeishka h' tys ldka;dfjda
wd.ka;=l i;aldrfhka msß b;d lreKdjka; msßila jQy' is,a ud;djkag
Èh kd .ekSug iy is,a frÈ fidaod .ekSug TjQyq fnfyúka Wmldr
l<y' Èh kd fjfyi ksjd .;a is,a ud;dfjda lkafoa wjidk fldgi
;rKh fldg wdpd¾h uqka iajdóka jykafia jev isá wdrKHhg msh
ke.+y'
wdpd¾h uqka ysñf.a wimqj msysáfha >k jkdka;rh jg lr

.;a úYd, ñáhdj;l fl<jr h' l÷ msysgd we;s wdldrh Oq;dx.OdÍ
ysñjrekag wjYH yqol,dj iy úfõlh i|yd u iajdNdúl j f.dv
ke.=Kq mßirhla fuka úh' l÷ jeáfha ;ekska ;ek ;Kfld, fiú,s
l< l=vd f.j,a myla yhla muK msysgd ;snqKs' Tjqka fyaka f.dú;eka
l< w;r iuyre ovhñka Ôj;a jQfjda h' wdrKHjdiS NslaIQka jykafia,d
msKavmd;h i|yd jeäfha fï l=vd f.j,a l=Üáh fj; h' is,a ud;d
ldhsõ iy wef.a msßi o fï .uk toa§ fndfyda úg hemqfKa tjka l=vd

ksjdi l=Üáj, Ôj;a jQ jeishkaf.ka h'
wdpd¾h uqka ysñ nKuvqfõ ueo mqjla lE,a,la ymñka jev isákq is,a
ud;dfjda wimqjg we;=¿ fj;a u ÿgqfjda h' yks ykslg fifrmamq .,jd
md fidaok Ndckfhka md fidaod" l=vd ,S msh .egfm, ke. nKuvqjg
we;=¿ jQy' is,a ud;d ldhsõ oelSu wdpd¾h uqka ysñ yg ljo;a i;=gg
lreKla úh' fuÈk o weh ÿgq fudfydf;a mQ ;dhs .eñ jyfrka wehg
wdYS¾jdo fldg ysi mfilg yrjd iskdiqfKa h' is,a ud;dfjda ish,af,da
u tlg ;=ka jrla b;d .reire j Wkajykafiag je| kuialdr l<y'
Tjqkaf.a mdo milg kud f.!rjkSh f,i u| isky mdñka mfilska
jdä jQy' Wkajykafiaf.a oeä úkhOr pß;h okakd yefudau Wkajykafia
bÈßfha b;d m%fõiï jQy'
wdpd¾h uqka ysñ o is,a ud;djka f.!rjfhka ms<sf.k i;=gq idóÑ

l;djkaf.ka miq tÈk rd;%shg wdrKHfha fl<jr WKm÷re f.duqjl
Tjqka f.kd l=vd l+vdrï bÈlr úfõl .kakdf,i okajd" miqÈk iaÓr
l=á idod fok njg Tjqkg fmdfrdkaÿ úh' is,a ud;d ldhsõ yg leu;s
ld,hla tys /£ isàug wjirh o ,nd ÿkafka h' fmdfrdkaÿ jQ mßÈ miq
Èk .ï jeisfhda is,a ud;djkag iqÿiq l=vd ueis iys; l=á WK nïnqj,ska
idod ÿkay' is,a ud;d ldhsõ ;u mjqf,a u fidfydhqßhl fia kdhl ysñ
ie,l+fõ h'
WoEik yS,a odkfhka miq wdpd¾h uqka ysñ NslaIQka jykafia,d

iy is,a ud;djka Tyq jgd ys÷jd f.k" ál fõ,djla Tjqkg iqÿiq O¾u
wjjdohla ÿkafka h' fndfyda úg Tjqkf.a w,ilï .ek ù¾h fkdue;s lu
iy wêIaGdk Yla;sh we;s fkd lr .ekSu .ek Tjqkg neK jeÿfKah' ta
yeu idlÉPdjla u b;d M,odhs úh' is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a Ndjkd w;aoelSï
.ek;a ndysr f,dalhka yd we;slr .;a ú{dkuh iïnkaO;d .ek;a
úia;r oek .ekSug kdhl ysñ leue;a; m< lf<a h' kuq;a ta yeu
wjia:djl § u tu ndysr o¾Ykhkaf.a ksjerÈ;djh .ek úreoaO;ajhla
fkd mE w;r tu m%{d wei ndysr o¾Ykj,g fkdj ;u yoj; ;=<g
fhduq lr.kakd f,i Wkajykafia wehg lreKdfjka wjjdo § Wkkaÿ
l<y' is,a ud;d ldhsõ yg ;u úYsIag yelshdjka wkqkg fmkaùug

wdYdjla ;snQ w;r ta .ek weh wdvïnrlula o oelajQjd h'
wdpd¾h uqka f;reka jykafia ÿgq kqÿgq tfukau o;a fkdo;a ish¨
f,dalhka ms<sn| úia;r okakd .=rejrfhls' Bg;a jvd w;smsßisÿ úYsIag
ukila we;s .=rejrfhla o úh ( wef.a yelshdjka .ek Wkajykafia i;=gq
jqj o tu yelshdjkaf.ka wehg úh yels wk;=re .ek o ie,ls,su;a
jQfhah' ldg;a jvd tu o¾Ykhkays we;s wk;=reodhl nj iy tu.ska
,nk oekSfï uq,dj .ek o Wkajykafia oek isáfha h' msßisÿ uki
ish,a, ta wdldrfhka u meyeÈ,sj olS' kuq;a bka tllgÿ fkd wef,a'
wdpd¾h uqka ysñ weh olsk o¾Yk .ek iy w;aoelSï .ek weh olajk
woyia fjkia lr .ekSug fkdfhla l%u iy ms<sfj;a lshd ÿkafka h'
flfia jqjo mqreoafoka is;g ;Èka ld jeÿKq m%jK;djhka ta weíneys
ùï ksid u is; ;=< wêfõ.hla we;s lrhs' wjqreÿ .Kkdjlg m%:u is,a
ud;d ldhsõ ksis uf.ys heùug n,j;a jQ l%shdYS,S .=rejrfhl= wkd.;fha
yuqjk nj wdpd¾h uqka ysñ oek isáfha h' wjidkfha thg ksis ld,h
ffojhg Ndr § ;snQ w;r wef.a mQ¾K msì§u i|yd lreKq ilia ùu o
ffojhg Ndr § ;snqKs'
jifrka jir is,a ud;d ldhsõ wks;Hh wjfndaOfhka ÿgqjd h' –

ksrka;rfhka fjkia jk iajNdjh – wdpd¾h uqka ia:úrhkaf.a ldhsl
iajNdjh ÿ¾j, fjñka fjkia jk whqre weh ÿgqjdh' Wkajykafiaf.a
YÍrh blaukska jhig hk whqre o wehg fmkqKs' kuq;a Wkajykafiaf.a
uki w;sYhska nenf<k Èhuka;shla fia úh' is,a ud;d ldhsõ
Wkajykafia iu. wd.ñl jQ;a wdOHd;añl jQ;a ióm ine|shdjla we;s
j f.!rjfhka weiqre l<d h' wef.a is,a ud;d wdrKHh l÷jeáj,ska
ñáhdj;aj,ska wE; msysáh o wef.a rd;%s Ndjkdjkays § Wkajykafia Bg
iïnkaO ù ukiska /£ isák neõ weh oek isáhd h' Wkajykafiaf.a
o¾Ykh m%Ndiajr jQ wdl¾IKSh oiqkls' kuq;a tu o¾Ykfha weh miq.sh
jika;fha Wkajykafiaf.ka iuqf.k wd miq b;d widOH wikSmhlg
f.dÿre jQ njla oelafjk oiqkla fkd fmkqKs'
ld,h f.ù h;a u frda.d;=r j isá uqka f;reka jykafia f.a wikSm
;;a;ajh W.% jkakg úh' wef.a rd;%S oiqkays Wkajykafia fmkS isàfï
iajNdjh fjkia úh' tla rd;%shl ÿgq oiqkla ;=< weh bÈßfhka fmkS
isáñka mud ùug l,ska tla j;djla Wkajykafia yuqùug tk f,ig
is;a ii, lrjk wkqfõokSh iajrhlska wehg l;d lf<a h' iajNdj
O¾ufha i;H ;;a;ajh weh oek isáh o Wkajykafia urKhg m;a
jkafka hhs is;Sug weh ìh jQjd h' – Ôj;a ùfï;a urKfha;a iajNdjh
yd tajdfha fkd je<elaúh yels wia:djr iajNdjhhs – tjka b,a,Sula
ukig ,enqKo weh Wkajykafia oelSug hEu l,a oeuqjd h' lSm jdrhla
u wef.a o¾Yk ;=<ska mud fkdù Wkajykafia yuqùug tk f,ig mKsúv
,enqKs' Wkajykafiaf.a wikSmh W.% ùu tfuka u urKhg wdikak ùu
.ek fkd;ld tu wikSmh iqj w;g yef¾úh hk n,dfmdfrd;a;=j weh
;=< j¾Okh úh' tksid Wkajykafia neyeoelSug hEu weh l,a oeuqjd h'
wef.a wdOHd;añl úu¾Ykhka fya;=fjka o Wkajykafia wef.a o¾Yk ;=<
ks;r fmkS isák fyhska o weh tu .uk l,a oeuqjd h' weh iuyr úg
lïue,sjkakg o we;' lreKq flfia jqjo Wkajykafia yuqùu wef.ka
w;miq úh' weh fkdfhla jr ;u is,a ud;djkag wdfh;a È.= jkaokd
.uklg iQodkï jk f,ig oekajqj o" Bg kshñ; Èkhla weh Tjqkg
oekajQfha ke;'
uOHu rd;%sh miqù tla fydardjla .; jqKs' w÷re jegqKq fudfydf;a isg
weh Ndjkd lf<a ys|s bßhõfjka h' fudfyd;lska .eUqre fkd fi,afjk
ksi,;djhla we;sj ;sìh § wdpd¾h uqka ysñf.a §ma;su;a o¾Ykh wef.a
Ndjkd oiqkg wka;su jrg fmkqKs' Wkajykafiaf.a o¾Ykh m%Ndiajr
h' .s.=reï y~lska wehg l;d l< iajNdjh oel weh fjõ¨jd h' wef.a
fkdie,ls,su;alu .ek Wkajykafia Wia yçka wehg fpdaokd l<y'
ohdnr msfhla wdorKSh ÈhKshlg f,v we| iómhg tk f,i jßka
jr l< wdhdpkd weh neyer l< nj Wkajykafia fooreï y~lska lSfõ
h' oeka Bg mud jeä h' ;j fudfyd;lska Wkajykafia msßksjka mdkq
we;' f,dalfhka iodld,slj u iuq .kq we;' weh Wkajykafia oelSug
.shfyd;a Wkajykafiaf.a uD;foayh muKla oelsh yels jkq we;' weh
ms<s.ekSug tys ú{dkhla fkd mj;skq we;' fkdie,ls,su;a nj yd
w,ilu ksid jdikdjka; wjia:djla .s,sySu isÿ úh'
—is,a ud;d ldhsõ flf,ia iys; yeÕSïj,g Tnj hg lr .kak

bv fokak tmd tajd ueß ueÍ WmÈk ksula ke;s fmryerlg uq,
msÍug fya;=jk foaj,a h' udkisl flf,ia jeä wk;=rla ke;s iq¿
foaj,a yeáhg lsis Èkl is;kakg tmd' ta m%fhda.ldÍ /já,s mrdch
l< yelafla ffO¾hh wêIaGdkh we;s yoj;lg muKs' is; ;=<g tî
n,kak' O¾uh Tfí u. fmkajkakd lr .kak'˜
—mGú wdfmda f;afcd jdhq ¦ fmdf<dj wyi l÷ .ia ¦ ÈjHf,dal" wmdh

iy fm%a;fhda hk fïjd ud¾. M, fyda ks¾jdKh fkd fõ' fïjd Tng
i;H fy,sorõ lrkafka ke;' ta ;ekaj, ksjk we;ehs n,dfmdfrd;a;=
jkak tmd' tajdg wh;a idudkH úIh lafIa;%h ;=< i;H njla fmkqK o
Tn fidhk i;Hh tys fkdue;' tajdg we,Sfuka ksula ke;s fï l=ßre
ixidrfha Tn j /f.k hkq we;' tl ;ek lerflkak tmd' yoj;
;=<g tî n,kak' O¾ufha h:d¾:h biau;= ù tkafka yoj; ;=<ska muKs'
th §ma;su;a j nenf<kafka yoj; ;=< muKs' j,dl=¿ fkdue;s wyil
nenf<k mqr y| fuks'˜
w¨hu ysre t<sh jeàug;a m%:u is,a ud;d ldhsõ iudê Ndjkdfjka
ke.S isáhd h' YS;, oyÈhlska wef.a iqÿ is,a frÈ weÕg we¨Kd fia
oekqKs' wef.a is;g;a lhg;a fjfyila l<lsÍula oekqKs' yoj; m;=f,a
fõokdldÍ isÿrla we;s njla yoj;g f;areKs' weh álla ydkais jqj o
ksod .ekSug kï wmyiq úh'
u;=ù wd yeÕSïj, Yla;sh b;d m%n, h' weh fiñka yqiau .ksñka
;ksju y~kakg jQjd h' fõokdj ;=rka lr .ekSug fjfyi oerejd h'
ysre t<sh ;u l=áhg jefg;a u is,a ud;d ldhsõ ke.sg is;g Èß f.k
läir .ukska wksla is,a ud;djka uqK .eiSug O¾u Yd,dj fj; .shd
h' l;d lsÍug lg wßkjd;a iu. u wef.a fofk;ska l÷¿ lvd ye¿Ks'
Wkajykafiaf.a oekuq;=lï" b.ekaùï iy urKh f.dkq lr .;a" wdpd¾h
uqka uyd f;reka jykafiaf.a wjidk o¾Ykh wef.a f;d,a w;ßka yd
lïuq,a Èf.a .,d f.k .sh l÷¿ iu. Èh ù .sfha h' is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a
ÿr olakd {dk Yla;Ska .ek wka ish¨ is,a ud;dfjda oek isáh o fï
fYdalS mqj; tieKska u Ndr .ekSug Tjqka iQodkï jQfha ke;'
is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a ÿla uqiq l;dj ksu j;a u ish¨ is,a ud;dfjda tl
fmdÈhla ù tl tl woyia lshjkakg jQy' tfõf,ys Yd,dfõ msh .eg
fm< wi,g meñKs .ï uq,doEkshd —l=ï udhs" ;ju Tn,dg wdrxÑ keoao@
Tn,dg wdrxÑh ,enqfKa keoao@˜ hs wiñka Tyq È. iqiu q la fy<d isyk s a
iajrfhka —wdpd¾h uqka iajdóka jykafia Bfha rd;%s ifldka kfldkays §
msßksjka mE neõ uu úkdä lSmhlg l,ska f¾äfhdafjka wid oek .;a;d'
rd;%s 2'23 g Wkajykafia msßksù nj Tjqka oekqï ÿkakd'˜ hs lSfõ h'
is,a ud;dfjda oeä fYdalfhka y~kakg jQy' .ï uq,doEKshd iudj

whÈñka —l=ka udhs" - ug iudfjkak uu ys;=jd Tn,d fï wdrxÑh oek.;
hq;=hs lsh,d'˜ hs ÿlska mejiqfõ h' wdpd¾h uqka uy f;reka jykafia
1949 fkdjeïn¾ ui 10 jeks Èk msßksù fial' ta is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a
y;,sia wgfjks ckau Èkh miqù Èk follg miqj h' Wkajykafiaf.a
wjika wdodyk lghq;= ckjdß ui w.g fh§ ;snqKs' ta jk úg is,a ud;d
ldhsõ tla jrla wef.a wjika f.!rjh mqo lsÍu i|yd ifldka kfldka
fj; f.dia ;snqKs' is,a ud;d ldhsõ foayh ;ekam;a lr ;snQ foK bÈßfha
oK .eiqjd h' uQK; ùÿrefjka idod ksu l< ñkSfmÜáh ;=< nyd
;snQ Wkajykafiaf.a wm%dKsl ksi, foayh ÿgq wef.a fõokdj ord.;
fkdyels ;rï jeä úh' ldg;a fkd wefik fia wef.a ish¨ jerÈj,g
Wkajykafiaf.ka iudj whe§ h'
—uyd f;fr mudfok ''''''''''˜ hs wheo wkd.;fha fkd ie,ls,u

s ;a
fkdùug;a w,i fkd ùug;a lïmd fkd ùug;a ksy~ j fmdfrdkaÿ jQjd
h'
wdodyk Èkh <x fj;a u is,a ud;d ldhsõ iy msßi kej; jrla
ifldka kfldka n,d msg;a j .shy' NslIa k
Q a jykafia,d foK Tijdf.k
Ñ;lh fj; hk fudfydf;a Tjqyq wdodyk N+ñhg meñKshy' is,a ud;d
ldhsõ we;=¿ ish,af,da foayh /.;a fok Tjqka miqlr hoa§ y~kakg jQy'
Wkajykafia óg l,lg fmr ksjka wjfndaO l< W;a;u ysñ kuls'

Wkajykafiag kej; bm§ula fkdue;' fYdal mßfoaj ÿla fodïkia
Wkajykafia miqmi fkd tkq we;' ueÈhï /fhys § Ñ;lhg .sks oe,a
jqKs' is,a ud;d ldhsõ .,a .eiS n,d isáhd h' i|t<sh" oe,afjk Ñ;lh
u; jefgoa§ Wkajykafia wehg ióm j isákakd fia wehg yeÕ=Ks'
127
h:d¾:h oelSfï
Yla;sh wvx.= ukfia
w;smdßY=oaO idrh
129
;ukaf.a uqrKavqlu oel nqoaêu;ayq

uqrKavqlu y÷kd.ks;s'
isf;ys lkiai,a, oel
lkiai,a, y÷kd.ks;s'
fudayh oel th o yß yeá y÷kd .ks;s'
kqjKe;af;da Tjqkf.a wvq ÿq~qlï oel y÷kd.ks;s'
wkqkaf.a wvq mdvq fiùug fkd h;s'
l¾u m: úÉfþokh
is,a ud;d ldhsõ ;u ù¾h fo.=K l<d h' weh Ndjkd lrk yeu
wjia:djl u ;u wjOdkh yoj; ;=<g fhduq lr tys r|jd ;nd .ekSug
wêIaGdk l<d h' kuq;a yoj; ;=< is; r|jd .ekSug ;e;a l< yeu
wjia:djl § u weh udkisl w.dOhlg weo jegqKs' weh weia msh jQ yeu
wjia:djl § u wehg yeÕ=fKaa uyd Wi lkaola Wv isg ysia wjldYhlg
jefgkakd fia h' rEm ix{d lE,s lE,s ukig jßka jr iq¿ fudfyd;la
o¾Ykh úh ¦ bkamiq ksi, nfjls' Ydka; ;ekam;a nfjls ¦ ''''''''''' ksi,
i;=fgls' kuq;a fuu ksi,;djfha we;=<; isg meK k.sk wef.a ú{dk
Odrdj laIKsl j fõ.fhka wdmiaig mek" kd kd rEm ix{d we;s ;,hl
/÷Ks' fuu mdfjk wjldYhg we;=,a jQ miq is,a ud;d ldhsõ kej;
;udg yqre mqreÿ ksjig meñKshdla fia yefÕkakg úh' fuu wNsryia
ux udj;a Tiafia ksoyfia yeisÍug weh oek isáhd h' fudfyd;lska
weh ;j;a f,dalhla y÷kd tys /÷Kd h' yeÕSula" fhduqùula" YÍrhla
ke;s ú{dk ix{d .Kkdjla we;s" bkaøsh l%shdldß;ajhla muKla we;s
wdYap¾hj;a ;,hl wef.a ú{dkh msysghs'
w;S;fha i;Hh wjfndaO lsÍug weh ;=< ;snQ wdYdj ixidrfha

ießirk fjk;a i;aj f,dal oel .ekSu i|yd fhduq úh' ks;r ks;r
u fuu o¾Yk oel n,d .ekSfï mqreoaola ;snQ weh" tu f,dalhkays Ôj;a
jk Ôùkaf.a woyia yqjudre lr.kakd l%u" Tjqkf.a isß;a úß;a iy
úYajdihka oek .;a;d h' fuu ÈjH{dkh weh wdOHd;añl jYfhka
úYajh mqrd úysÿjñka nqÿrcdKka jykafia b.ekajQ m%{dj iy i;Hh
ms<sn| fydavqjdjka fidhd .ekSug yels oehs fidhd ne¨jd h' fufia
weh kej; jdrhla ndysr f,dalhg ;u is; fhduq lrñka wk;=rg ,la
fjñka isáhd h'
is,a ud;d ldhsõ fufia ;u Ndjkd mqyqKqfõ w;rux ù oÕ,k

ld,fha § wdpd¾h uqka f;reka jykafiaf.a b;d ióm f.da, kula
O¾udjfndaOfha wjidk mshjr lrd t<U isá nj weh oek fkd isáhd h'
tfia u Wkajykafiaf.a;a wehf.a;a l¾u m: tlsfklg wkd.;fha yria
jk nj o weh fkdoek isáhd h'
wdpd¾h uqka ysñf.a wdodykfhka miq wdpd¾h uyd fndajd

{dkiïmkafkd ysñfhda mQ mdka l÷lr wdrKHh lrd meñfKñka
isáfha h' Èk .Kkdjla md .ukska jeä Wkajykafia wdpd¾h fldx.a
ud ysñ jev isá jÜ fvdahs Oïufp;s wdrKHhg <Õd jQfha h' fuu
wdrKHh wjqreÿ lSmhlg fmr is,a ud;d ldhsõ ;u wyxldr is;sú,s
iu. igka lrñka wdOHd;añl iekiqu fijQ wdrKHhhs' wdpd¾h uyd
fndajd ysñ ukfia flf,ia i;=rka wdl%uKh l< mßmQ¾K wdOHd;añl
rK úrefjls' Wkajykafia flf,ia i;=rka foi ne¨fõ ;ud ueÍug
tk i;=rka f,i h' tjka i;=rka úkdY lsÍu úkd bka fuyd lsisjlg
Wkajykafiaf.ka bvla fkd ,enqKs' Wkajykafiaf.a wjqreÿ .Kkdjl
Ndjkd mqyqKqj iïmQ¾Kfhka u hqO ix.%duhla fuka úh' m¾hxlfhka
ys| l< iEu Ndjkdjla u i;=rka yd w;ska mhska l< igkla n÷ úh'
ilaukska l< iEu Ndjkdjla u Ôú;h;a urKh;a w;r jQ igfkls'
yoj; we;=f<a isá m%;sjd§ka tla tlaflkd miq neiSug ,la l< w;r
Wka yg lsisÿ lreKdjla fkd oelaù h' lsisÿ hqO isrlrefjl= r|jd
.;af;a o ke;' ks¾oh f,i flf,ia miqmi ÿqne| hñka Wkaf.a n,h
h:d¾:h oelSfï Yla;sh wvx.= ukfia w;smßY=oaO idrh ( l¾u m: úÉfþokh 131
/£ we;s ;eka fiùug W;aiql jQfha h' myiqfjka y÷kd.; yels ks;r u
u;= fjù tk flf,ia uq,ska u y÷kd .ekSug ù¾h .;af;a h' ix.%duhl
mdn, fin¿ka u;= fjù toa§ Wka iu. igka lrñka" ud¾.h msßisÿ
lr.ksñka" úYsIag yelshdjka we;s fin¿ka isá N+ñhg we;=¿ úh' ishqï
f,i ie,iqï lrk lmálïj,ska rjgñka udhdldÍ f,i" mek hdug
udk n,ñka isák fin¿ka bÈßhg uqyqKg uqyqK ,d wdfõ h' ta i;=re
fikam;shd" Wf.a is; ;=< we;s i;H ;;aFjh tkï fudayh fkd fmkakd
wka flf,ia yiqrejkafkls'
rd.h iy oafõIh W;amdokh lrjk m%Odk flf,i jk fudayh

yoj; m;=f,a iEu fõf,a u lmá f,i ieÕù isà' fl,jrla ke;s
ixidr .ufka § m%Odk md,lhd jk fudayh uefrk ;=rd flf,ia kue;s
yuqodfjka wdrlaId lrkq ,nhs' fuu mSvdldÍ wk;=frka uki fírd
.ekSug kï fudayfha /ljrKhg bkakd flf,ia fin¿ka ksrdhqO lr
Tjqkaf.a m%fhda.ldÍ n,h uq¿ukska u úkdY lr oeñh hq;= h' m%Odk
n,fldgqj jk fudayh úkdY lsÍu i|yd wdpd¾h uyd fndajd ysñ Tyqf.a
úfYaI mqyqKq ,o yuqodjka jQ i;sh iy m%{dj tla /ia lr" fudayh ,e.=ï
f.k we;s i;=re n,fldgqj jg,d fldgq lrk ,§' i;=re wdrlaIl
n,uq¿ —i;s˜ fiakdfjka uqyqKg uqyqK yuqfjñka" —m%{d˜ n,fhka
wl%sh lrñka l%u l%ufhka m%Odk n,fldgqfõ iSud f;la meñKshy'
ish¨ flf,ia m%ydKh l< miq yoj; keue;s n,fldgqj ;=< wka;sug
b;sßjQfha flf,ia yuqodjg wKÿka m%Odk fikam;shd muKs' ta wmj ur
urd Wmojñka ixidr .uk ilia lrjk fudayhhs'
wjidk wdl%uKh mgka .;s' úÿ,sh n÷ fõ.fhka iy wjg nnq¿jk

n,hlska fudayfha wjika uQ,ia:dkh iyuq,ska u úkdYlr ouk ,§' ta
iu. u iir .uk kue;s uyd n,fldgqj lsisjla b;sß fkdù lvd jeà
ìug u iu;,d ù fkd fmkS .sfha h' b;sß jQfha flf,ia j,ska f;dr"
h:d¾:h oelSfï Yla;sh wvx.= ukfia w;smdßY=oaO idrh muKs'
;j;a uy ry;ka jykafia kula f,dj my< jQ j.hs'
tu jif¾ jia úiSu ksu jkjd;a iu. u is,a ud;d ldhsõ"

wef.a Ndjkd o¾Yk ;=<ska tla Èkl wyfia È,sfiñka ;snQ ;drldjka
ìug jefgkq oel we;' tu oiqkg wef.a w¾:l:kh jQfha w;súfYaI

lïuÜGdkdpd¾hka jykafia kula iy mskajka; YsIH msßila ndka yqwdhs
idhs fj; <Õ § u tk njhs' tu o¾Ykfha iajNdjh .ek w;sYhska
m%fndaOj;a jQ weh" wjqreÿ .Kkdjlg fmr wdpd¾h uqka f;reka jykafia
wehg i|yka l< .=rejrhd fuu o¾Ykfhka bÕs l< wdpd¾hjrhd úh
yels njg oeä úYajdihla we;s lr .;a;d h'
is,a ud;d ldhsõ wfkla is,a ud;djkag fuu wdrxÑh meyeÈ,s l<d
h' ,nk jif¾ w;súfYaI lugyka .=re;=fula iu. Oq;dx.OdÍ NslaIQka
lKavdhula fï fmfoig jäk neõ oeä úYajdihlska hq;= j weh Tjqkg
oekajQjd h' is,a ud;d ldhsõ weh n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQ iajdóka jykafia
lõreka oehs ksYaÑ; jYfhka oek fkd isáh o weh ÿgq o¾Ykfha wvx.=
ix{dfjys lsisÿ ielhla wehg fkd ;snqKs' weh l=vd oeßhl j isáh §
tjeks u ix{djla oel udi lSmhlg miq wdpd¾h uqka ysñ iy msßi ;u
.u wdikakhg meñKs w;S; isoaêh wehg isys úh' fujr o¾Ykh oel
udihlg muK miq ixpdrl NslaIQka lKavdhï lSmhla tys meñKsh o"
meñKs lsisfjl= weh n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQ úfYaIs; ysñku fkd ù h' lSm
úgla tfia n,dfmdfrd;a;= iqka ù weh idxldfjka ;u wrKg .shd h'
1951 j¾Ifha ckjdß udifha § wdpd¾h uyd fndajd uyd f;reka

jykafia ;j;a Oq;dx.OdÍ ysñjre lKavdhula o legqj mQ mdka l÷
jeáh nei ndka yqwdhs idhs .ïudkhg W;=ßka we;s le,fha ,e.=ï .;ay'
Wkajykafia,d tu le,fha .,a f,kaj," m¾j; l=yr ;=< .ia hg ;u
l=vd l+vdrï bÈlr .;ay' Tjqka Oq;dx. NslaIQka wkq.ukh lrk Ndjkd
l%u mqyqKq fjñka pdï Ôú; f.k .shy' wdpd¾h uyd fndajd ysñ jdih
i|yd tla .,a f,kla f;dard .;a w;r th .ïudkfha tla fldkl
isg ie;mqulg jvd u|la ÿßka msysáfha h' Wkajykafia f;dard .;a
f,k —fkdla wka˜ kï úh' tla idufKar ysñ kula Wka jykafiag
wdjf;ajlï lsÍug kï lr ;snqKs' th m<,a j È.á j msysgd ;snQ w;r
f,k bÈßh l¿.,a w;=< fia iajNdúl j ilia ù ;snqKs' f,k we;=<;g
isis,a nj iy jd;dY%h hyñka ,enqKs' fuu ruKSh iajNdjh yqol,d
Ôú;hla f.k hEug w;sYhska WÑ; mßirhla úh'
wdpd¾h uyd fndajd f;reka jykafiaf.a meñKSu wdrxÑ jQ jyd u

;j;a is,a ud;djka lSmfofkl=;a iu. is,a ud;d ldhsõ Wkajykafia neye
oelSug .shd h' ;rula ÿIalr lkaola ke. wä mdrla Tiafia Wkajykafia
jev isá f,k wi,g hk úg wE; § u l=vd .,a mrhla Wv Ydka; j
jdä ù isá ysñ kula ÿgqjd h' tu o¾Ykfhka bjid.; fkd yels i;=gla
wef.a is; ;=<ska u;= ù wdfõ h' weh ;udg u fufia lshd .;a;d h'
—fï jev bkafka Wkajykafia ;uhs' ug ,efnkjd hhs lS ta úYsIag

lugyka .=rejrhd'˜
wE; isg u uy;a jQ f.!rjhlska ysi kud f.k Wkajykafia

iómhg meñKs is,a ud;dfjda oKska jeà ;=ka jrla wdpd¾h uyd fndajd
ysñg jkaokd l<y' uQ,sl i;=gq idóÑ l;dj,ska miq weh l=vd wjÈfha §
uq,ajrg wdpd¾h uqka uyd f;reka jykafia wehg uqK .eiqKq whqre lSjd
h' bkamiq áflka ál Wkajykafia hgf;a Ndjkdj bf.k .;a whqre;a
miqj Wkajykafia m%foaYh w;yer hoa§ wehg Ndjkdj kj;k f,ig ÿka
wjjdoh we;=¿ úia;r weh uyd fndajd ysñ bÈßfha fkd iÕjd lSjd h'
bkamiq wjqreÿ .Kkdjla Ndjkd fkdlr isg is,a ud;djla j iiqka .;
jQ miq kej; Ndjkdj wdrïN l< nj;a weh mejiqjd h'
wdpd¾h uqka ysñf.a b;d ióm f.da, ysñ kula jQ uydfndajd ysñ
wef.a l;dj wid l=;=y,hg m;aúh' weh Ndjkd lsÍu keje;ajQfha wehs@
is,a ud;d ldhsõ wef.a Ndjkd m%.;sh iu. úúO o¾Yk olsk úia;r
lshoa§ Wka jykafiag tu m%Yakhg ms<s;=re ,eî ;snqKs' tfia lSug
fya;=j Wkajykafiag jegyqKs' wdpd¾h uyd fndajd ysñ uqK .efik
ld,h jk úg is,a ud;d ldhsõ wef.a iudê Ndjkdj ;=<ska jir oyhla
muK ld,hla úúO úIu ixisoaëka ñY%j oelSug mqreÿ j isáhd h' weh
tu o¾Yk kqÿgq wjia:djkays § Ndjkdj fyd|ska fkd flrefKa hhs wehg
is;=Ks' tu ndysr o¾Ykhkag weh fldhs ;rï weíneys ùo lshf;d;a ÿl
ksu lsÍfï ksjerÈ u. th neõ wehg ;o úYajdihla we;s úh' wdpd¾h
uyd fndajd wef.a jro ta fudfydf;a u jgyd .;af;a h' m<mqreÿlï
we;s olaI lugyka .=rejrfhl= fkdue;s j" weh iSudjka blaujd f.dia
h' wef.a m%n, udkisl yelshdjka u.ska wehj jerÈ b,lalhka fj;
/f.k f.dia we;s neõ Wkajykafiag jegyqKs' tfiau weh jeks m%n,
udkisl Yla;shla we;s ;eke;a;shlg ksjerÈ u. lshd § mqyqKq l<fyd;a
O¾uh ksjerÈ j jgyd .; yels ud¾.hg msúish yels neõ Wkajykafia
jgyd .;a fial' wdpd¾h uqka ysñ is;=jd fia u uyd fndajd ysñ o weh i;=
m%n, udkisl yelshdjka ksjerÈ j yiqrejk whqre wehg myod ÿkfyd;a"
wehg blauKska ÿlska ksoyia ùug yels nj;a" wka wh o ÿlska ksoyia
lsÍug yelsjk nj;a Wkajykafiag fmkqKs'
wE;ska isá is,a ud;d ldhsõ jßka jr wdpd¾h fndajd jev isá
wdrKHhg hEu isß;la lr .;a;d h' i;shlg jrla" i;r fmdfydh
Èkj, weh wef.a ifydaor is,a ud;djka o legqj lkao k.sñka ijia
jk úg Wkajykafia je| f.!rj oelaùu i|yd tu wdrKHhg .shd h'
tu Èkhkays rd;%s ld,fha Wkajykafia úiska isÿ lrk is;a.kakdiq¨
wikakkaf.a WfoHda.h jeä lrjk wk¾> O¾u foaYkdjlg ijka §ug o
wu;l fkd l<d h' O¾u foaYkdj ksu jQ úg is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a Ndjkd
m%.;sh .ek Wkajykafia wef.ka úuiQy' tfia úuiQ yeu wjia:djl §
u is,a ud;d ldhsõ wef.a uki ndysr f,dalhg hk whqre;a fm%a; N+;
Ôùkaf.a o¾Yk oelSu muKla ms<sn|j;a úia;r Wkajykafiag oekajQjd
h' wef.a ÈjH f,dal fm%a; f,dal ;rKh lsÍu iy tu o¾Yk oelSfuka
tu i;a;ajhkaf.a Ôjk rgdj .ek wjfndaOhla we;slr .ekSug o
wehg yels neõ oekajQjd h' wehg fm%a;hkaf.a udkisl ;;aFjh .ek
lSug yelshdjla ;snqKs' tu fm%a;hka N+;hkaf.a merKs l¾u úmdl
fya;=fjka tu wjdikdjka; wd;au Ndjhka ,enQ whqre úia;rd;aul j
lSug wehg yelshdjla ;snqKs' fuu woaN+; o¾Yk iy ta wkqidrfhka wE
,;a oekqu fya;= fldgf.k weh wef.a tu yelshdjkag jYS ù jd,a ù
isá njla meyeÈ,sju fmkqKs' fuu lreK wdpd¾h uyd fndajd ysñf.a
lkiai,a,g fya;= úh' ndysr f,dalhka fj; wef.a uki fufyhùfï
úYsIag yelshdjka .ek Wkajykafia uy;a fia mqÿu jQ kuq;a" wef.a uki
ksis fia md,kh lr .ksñka Ndjkdj bÈßhg f.k hd fkdyels neõ
Wkajykafiag jegyqKs' is; ndysr wruqKq lrd fkd hjd tlÕ lr .;a
uki ;u lh foig;a is; foig;a fhduq lrjk whqre bf.k .ekSug
Wkajykafia wehg wjjdo ÿkay' Wiia udkisl ÈhqKqjla lrd hEug wef.a
is; m;=f,a ;snQ flf,ia bv fkdfok fyhska ksjerÈ i;sh msysgqjd

.ekSfuka muKla th ilia lr.; yels neõ o myod ÿkay'
Ndjkdfõ uQ,sl wruqK úh hq;af;a iïud iudêh ÈhqKqlr .ekSu

nj wdpd¾h fndajd ysñ myod ÿkafka h' iudêh yßyeá mqyqKq lsÍug kï
wef.a is; ;Èka ne£ ;sfnk tfuka u i;sh fkdu. hjk wef.a is;sú,s
iy ix{d w;yeßh hq;= njg wjjdo lf<a h' mqreoaola fia wef.a is;
fnfyúka u tu ndysr ix{d iy o¾Ykj,g we§ hdula fmkqKs' iudêh
ksjerÈ j mqyqKq lsÍfï § isf;ys mj;sk h:dN+; {dkfha iajNdjh oek
.ekSug yels jk w;r tu oekSu fN!;sl yd udkisl jia;+ka flfrys
lsisÿ we,Sulska f;drj tu oE jgyd .ekSug Wmldr jkq we;' h:dN+;
{dkh ukfia my< jk ix{d" o¾Yk" is;sú,s iy yeÕSïj,g jvd mq¿,a
jQ oekSuls' th ndOlj,ska f;dr j ish,a, ord .kakd kuq;a lsisjla fkd
r|jd .kakd ukfia wNHka;r ksi, ;ekls' fuu udkisl msì§fï n,h
we;slr .;fyd;a th wiSñ; .eUqrlg úysÿùug yels jkq we;' fuu
wjia:djg <Õdùug m%:u ndysr wruqKq lrd is; fhduq ùu fjk;lg
fhduq lrhs'
uq,§ is,a ud;d ldhsõ" wE olsk ndysr f,dalhkays woaN+; o¾Yk

.ek úia;r lshoa§ wdpd¾h fndajd ysñ tu l;d wid isáhd muKs' wef.a
ukfia wdOHd;añl Yla;sfha m%n,;djh Wkajykafia oek isáhy' tfia
oek weh i;= ú{dkh is; ;=< u th wdrïN jQ ;ekg fhduq lrjk f,i
b;d ikaiqka j b,a,d isá fial' ú{dkh isf;ys mj;sk l%shdldß;ajhla
muKla nj;a isf;ys mú;% jQ idrh th fkdjk nj;a Wkajykafia wehg
fndfyda wjia:dj, okajd we;' weh ú{dkh w; yeßh hq;=hs" tfuka u
ixialdr u.ska ilia l< oekSu o w; yeßh hq;=hs' túg ukfia i;H jQ
h:d ;;a;ajh b;sß jkq we;'
i;s lSmhla miq jqj o Wkajykafiaf.a wjjdo weh fkdi,ld isák

nj fmkqK fyhska wehg ;rfha wjjdo foñka" Ndjkdj ;=< § uki
;ud ;=<g fhduq lr.kakd f,ig;a ndysr wruqKq fj; fhduq fkd lrk
f,ig;a oeä f,i lSy' b|ysg ndysr wruqKq lrd is; fhduq l<;a is;
we;=<g fhduq lsÍu .ek jvd;a u ie,lsh hq;= neõ wehg ;rfha lshd
isáhy' ;u is; we;=<g yd msg;g fhduq lrk l%uh bf.k .kakd

yeáhg o Wkajykafia wehg wjjdo ÿka fial'
ndysr j wE olsk oiqka wef.a isf;ys wNHka;r ufkda bkaøsh;a

iu. tlajk fyhska is,a ud;d ldhsõ tajd ;u is; úiska lrkq ,nk
msßisÿ .fõIKhka hhs jrojd f;areï .;a;d h' wef.a iudê Ndjkdfjka
,nk ixisoaëka .ek úu¾Ykh lsÍfuka" ix{djka úiska y÷kd jgyd
ÿka ú{dkfha h:d ;;a;ajh oek.; yels hhs weh úYajdi l<d h' wef.a
uqrKavqlu biau;= ù" weh mqyqKq l< ud¾.h fjkia lsÍug weh iQodkï
jQfha ke;' Wiia ;;a;ajhlska mj;sk wef.a oekSu iy m%{dj wE ;u
Njkd ;=<ska ,nk neõ lshñka ;¾l l<d h' th fjkia lsÍug lsisÿ
fya;=jla weh kqÿgqjd h'
wdpd¾h uyd fndajd ysñ" weh olsk o¾Yk úYajfha idudkHfhka

mj;sk foaj,a nj b;du;a bjiSulska wehg myod ÿkafka h' mshú weiska
olsk foaj,a yd iudk j tajdfha lsisÿ úfYaI;ajhla fkdue;s neõ o jeä
ÿrg;a myod ÿkafkah' weh olsk ndysr f,dalhkays Ôùka yd i;a;ajhka
ukqIH f,dalfha weh olsk i;a;ajhka yd iudk fõ' ta o¾Yk foflys
fjkila fkdue;' ndysr f,dalj,g wh;a i;a;ajhka ukqIH f,dalfha
i;a;ajhka fuka w;ska we,a,sh fkdyels f.dfrdaiq fkd jk rEm jqj o"
tajd ;ukaf.a oekSfuka mßndysr jQ oE h' we;a; jYfhka u fï o¾Yk
olsk ;eke;a;df.a me;af;ka is;f;d;a fN!;sl foa oelSfï;a ndysr
jQ i;ajf,dal ukiska oelSfï;a lsisÿ fjkila fkdue;' fï wjia:d
foflys § u olskafka ndysr f,dalhl we;s ndysr wruqKq h' fufia msgg
úysfok wjOdkh kj;d ÈYdj fjkia lr tu ú{dkh ;ud foig yrjd
ukfia i;H jQ iajNdjh" yrh" idrh oek .kakehs Wkajykafia wehg
oeä j Wmfoia ÿkay' h:dN+; {dkfha W,am; y÷kd .kakehs lSy'
is,a ud;d ldhsõ È.ska È.g u Wkajykafia ÿka tu woyiaj,g úreoaO

jQjdh' uiska iEÿKq weiska olsk rEm fuka fkdj Èjeiska wiajdNdúl
mqÿu foa oelsh yel' Èjeig fm%a;hka N+;hka oelSug yelshdjla we;'
Èjeig ish¨ ÈjH f,dalhka yd iïnkaO ù foújreka oel Tjqka yd
ióm;djhla we;slr .; yels h' Èjeig fmr wd;au oelsh yels h'
ksjerÈ j wkd.; isoaëka oelsh yel' fufia ,nk oekSu iy olsk

o¾Yk idudkH bkaøshkaf.ka oek y÷kd .kakd oehg jvd Wiia hhs
is;k ia:djrfha weh isáhd h'
wdpd¾h uyd fndajd È.ska È.g u isÿfjñka mj;sk wef.a uqrKavqlu

bjid isàug iQodkï jQfha ke;' wehg wjjdo ÿka ikaiqka l%uh fjkia
lr iefrka yd Wia yçka l;d fldg ndysr f,dalhkays o¾Yk fj; ;u
uki fhduq fkd lrk f,i Wmfoia ÿkafka h' jerÈ ÈYdjg fhduq l<
ukiska ,nk oekSfuka wehg bm§u" crdjg hEu" jHdêh iy urKh
iïnkaê; uQ,sl fya;= m%ySK lsÍug fkdyels nj oeä f,i wehg lshd
isáfha h' wef.a u hym;g fuu wjjdo fok nj;a Wkajykafiaf.a
wjjdohkag lSlre ùu wef.ka n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk nj;a ;rfha lshd
isáfha h'
wdp¾h uyd fndajd ysñf.a wjjdo fkd ie,l+ weh wef.a oekSu yd
jegySu .ek úYajdifhka fmr mßÈ u wef.a Ndjkd mqyqKqj lrf.k
.sh w;r tys ksrjoH;djh iy jákdlu ms<sn| kej;;a ;¾l lsÍug
fm<UqKd h' wef.a fkd kefuk oro~q iajNdjh .ek fjfyig m;aù
l=ms; jQ uyd fndajd ysñ oreKq wdl,amhla wE flfrys fmkajñka Wia
yçka wehg neK jeÿfKah' kej;;a ndysr ixisoaëka flfrys wef.a
uki fhduq fkd lrk f,i iefrka wjjdo ÿkafka h' wef.a woyiaj,g
Wkajykafia lsisÿ m%;spdrhla fkd oelajQy' .=rejrhdf.a wjjdo ms<sf.k
;u Ndjkd lghq;= Wkkaÿfjka lrf.k .sh fyd;a wef.a uki jid
f.k isák flf,ia bj;a lr .; yels jkq we;ehs Wkajykafia wehg
oeä f,i lshd isáfial'
tla oyj,l § is,a ud;d ldhsõ uqrKavqfjka ;u woyia .ek ;¾l

lrkakg iQodkï jQjd h' wdpd¾h uyd fndajd ysñfhda tu ixjdoh ysá
wäfha kj;d oud jpfkka foflka t;ekska msgù hk f,ig ;¾ck
iajrfhka neK je§ wehj msgux l<y' jyd u f,fkka msg ù hk
f,i;a kej; lsis Èkl fuu wdrKHhg fkd tk f,ig;a lE .id
lSfõ h' is;g ld jÈk oeä jpfkka neK je§ wfkla is,a ud;djka
bÈßfha wdrKHfhka m,jd yeßfha h' is,a ud;d ldhsõ Wkajykafiaf.a
jpkj, ìhlre nj iy ìysiqKq nj oel ;e;s .;a;d h' ;u Ôú;h

;=< tjekaklg weh uqyqK md fkdue;' l÷¿ msß fofk;ska hq;=j
ish¨ n,dfmdfrd;a;= iqka ù bjid ord .; fkdyels fYdalfhka weh
Wkajykafiaf.a wdrKHfhka y~ y~d msg;a j .shd h' wdpd¾h uyd
fndajd ysñf.a oeä fodaIdfrdamKh lka w. fodaxldr foñka le,Ej ueÈka
jegqKq wä mdr Èf.a wisysfhka fuka ;u wdrKHhg msh ke.=jd h'
ñka miq ljrodlj;a Wkajykafia yuqùug fkdhEug o weh ;SrKh
l<d h' WNf;dafldaál .eg¨jl meg¿Kq weh oeä l,lsÍulg m;a
jQjd h' wdpd¾h uyd fndajd yuq jQ m<uq Èkfha § wef.a Ndjkd ÈhqKqj
.ek iqÿiq u .=rejrhd yuqjQjd hhs is;ñka i;=gq jQ whqre wehg isys úh'
tfia n,dfmdfrd;a;= ;enQ .=rejrhd wehj wf.!rjkSh f,i m,jd yeÍu
bjid ord .; fkdyels úh' oeka weh fudk .=rejrhd .ek úYajdihla
;nkak o@ wjqreÿ .Kkdjla wef.a Njkd mqyqKqj ÈhqKq lr .ekSug
iqÿiq lïuÜGdkdpd¾hhka jykafia kula weh fidhñka isáh o ta ish¨
n,dfmdfrd;a;= wo jk úg úkdY ù f.dia h'
139
Tfí is;
m;=f,ys ;ekam;a j we;s
h:dN+; {dkfha u,a msìfooaoS
ÿla ú|sñka fuf;la ÿr meñKs w;soS¾> udjf;a
fl<jr áflka ál
fmfkkakg mgka .kS'
O¾ufha fmr ksñ;a;
is,a ud;d wimqjg we;=¿ jQ weh WK nïnqj,ska ;ekQ wef.a l=vd

l=áh ;=<g .shd h' wehg ál fõ,djla ;ks ù isákakg jqjukd úh' wo
Èk wehg fyK myrla .eiqjd fia meñKs Ñ;a; mSvdj .ek ;ks j u
is;kakg ld,h wjYH j we;' kuq;a l=áh ;=<g we;=¿ jQ wehg yeÕ=fKa
wef.a u l=áh ;=< isáh;a weh tys wuq;af;l= nj h' yo llshjk
fYdalfhka oji f.fjoa§ w÷r o flfuka flfuka wE jgd oejfgkakg
úh' i|;a ;re;a fjkod fuka iqkaor j fkd fmkqKs' fjfyi jQ .;ska
yd ii, jQ is;ska l=ula lrï foda hhs is;ñka isáoa§" jydu fjkila lr
ne¨jfyd;a fyd| fkaoehs wuq;= u is;sú,a,la wef.a uki ;=<g ßx.d tys
;Èka kej;=fKa h'
weh m;a jQ wiSre ;;a;ajh .ek kej; kej; wdj¾ckh lroaoS wdpd¾h
uyd fndajd ysñg wehj wdrKHfhka t,jd oeóug idOdrK fya;=jla
;sìh yels fkdfõoehs wehg is;=Ks' weh is;d u;d u Wkajykafiaf.a
wjjdo meyer yeßhd h' wef.a woyia fjkia lsÍug lsisÿ ´kElula
uykaishla weh .;af;a o ke;' fï lreKq .ek È.ska È.g is;;a u wef.a
mqyq udkh ksid fï ish,a, isÿ jQ nj wehg jegfykakg mgka .;s' wef.a
Ndjkd l%uh wkqu; fkd lr fjk;a u.lg yerùug" Wkajykafiag

idOdrK fya;=jla ;sìh yels nj wef.a ukig ;Èka jegfykakg mgka
.;af;a h' kuq;a Wkajykafiaf.a b.ekaùu weh ms<sfkd.;af;a wehs @
wef.a weíneysùïj,g hg ù Wkajykafiaf.a wjjdoj,g msgqmEfuka wehg
,enqKq m%;s,dNhla o fkdue;' Wkajykafia ÿka wjjdo wkqj Ndjkd lghq;=
fjkia lr ne¨fjda;ska krl o@ iEu wjia:djl § u wlSlre fkdù tla
jrla fyda Wkajykafia lS whqßka lghq;= lsÍu YsIH is,a ud;djla yeáhg
wef.a hq;=lu nj wehg jegyqfKa h' wef.a jro wehg jegfykakg úh'
weh ;udg u fodaIdfrdamKh lr .;a;d h' Wkajykafia Tfí .=rejrhd
f,i Tn ms<s.;a;d' th tfia kï Wkajykafia fok Wmfoia ms<s.kak
neß wehs @ .=rejrhd lshk foa lrkak' Wkajykafiaf.a .=reyrelï .ek
i;H ;;a;ajh túg Tng jegfyaú' uq¿ rd;%s ld,h ;=< u weh fuu
lreK .ek hym;a fia úu¾Ykhl fhÿKd h' w¨hu <Õd fjoa§ is;g
jo ÿka fo.sähdj áflka ál ;=kS jkakg úh' weh uqyqK mE .eg¨fjka
jydu ñÈh hq;= hhs ;SrKh l<d h' Wkajykafiaf.a Wmfoiaj,g wjk;
úh hq;= njg wef.a uki wehg n, lf<a h' .=rejrhd fok wjjdo wkqj
,efnk M, úmdl leue;af;ka Ndr .; hq;= hhs weh is;d .;a;d h'
miqj od w¨hu yS,a odkfhka u| fj,djlg miq is,a ud;d ldhsõ

ojfia wksla rdcldßj,ska weh uqojk f,i b,a,d" yks ykslg wef.a
l=áh fj; .shd h' l=áhg we;=,a jQ jydu weh Ndjkd bßhõfjka jdä
jQjd h' wef.a Ñ;a; ù¾h Yla;Ska msg; ießieÍug bv fkd§ ;u is; lh
fj; muKla fhduq lsÍug ;rfha bgd .;a;d h' ndysr ixisoaëka flfrys
is; fhduq ùug bv fkd §ug weh ;rfha wêIaGdk lr .;a;dh' w;S;fha
N+;hka fm%a;hka foúhka oel .ekSug is; neyerg fhduq lsÍfuka úfYaI
,dNhla fkd jQ neõ wehg fï jk úg jegyS ;sìKs' ukqIH f,dalfha
ñksfil= mshú weiska rEm olskafka flfia o@ fuh o tjeks u idudkH
ixisoaêhls' tys lsisÿ udkisl ÈhqKqjla olskakg fkdue;' wehg o th
oeka oeka jegfykakg mgka .;s' flf,ia wef.a is; ¥IKh lrñka"
flf,iaj,g lsisÿ wdmodjla fkdlr .ksñka ys;=ukdfma yeisreKs' tu
flf,ia oel tajd m%ySK lsÍug kï is; ;=<g tî n,d tys l%shdldß;ajh
úuid ne,sh hq;= fõ'
h:d¾:h oelSfï Yla;sh wvx.= ukfia w;smßY=oaO idrh ( O¾ufha fmr ksñ;a; 141
fuu m%;sm;a;sh .ek mQ¾K úYajdih ;nd wef.a wjOdkh is;

wNHka;rfha we;s —nqoafOda˜ hkak .ek muKla fhduq fldg ish¨
ukisldrhka wfydais lr is; tald.%;djhlg f.k yoj; m;=f,a .eUqre
iudêhlg is; m;a lr .;a;d h' wE w¨f;ka y÷kd .;a Ñ;a; n,h
mdúÉÑ fldg fN!;sl YÍrh iïmQ¾Kfhka ke;s ù hk ;=re fhdaksfid
ukisldrfha /£ isá úg wef.a uki fkdfi,a ù isák wjia:djlg
fmr<sKs' .eUqre iudêfhka ;rula .s,sfyoa§ weh ;j;a o¾Ykhla ÿgqjd h'
fujr ÿgqfõ Ndjkd ksñ;a;la h' wNHka;r m%{d wei újr fjoa§ wdpd¾h
uyd fndajd ysñ wE foig tñka isákjd weh ÿgqjd h' Wkajykafiaf.a
w;l È,sfik msyshla we;s nj o wehg fmksKs' ;shqKq msysh wE fj; Èla
l< Wkajykafia wE foi n,d" wfma YÍrh yßhg u fidaÈis lrk whqre
fmkajd fokakï hhs lSy' tfia lshñka wef.a YÍrh lE,af,ka lE,a,
lemSug mgka .;af;a h' wef.a YÍrfha fldgia lE,af,ka lE,a, lemS wE
bÈßfha jeà f.dv .eiqKs' is,a ud;d ldhsõ wef.a YÍr len,s tlska tl
wE bÈßfha jefgk whqre ìrdka; j n,d isáhd h' uyd fndajd ysñhka
wef.a YÍr fldgia b;d l=vd fldgia jk ;=re lm lmd f.dv .eiqfõ
h' wE bÈßfha uia" lgq" fmaYSka úYd, m%udKhla f.dv .eiqKs' wef.a
wNHka;r uki ;=<ska uyd fndajd ysñ —fudk lE,af,o Tn bkafk@
fudk lE,af, o mqoa.,fhla bkafk@ yeu lE,a,la Èyd u n,kak' ta
lE,s ixikaokh lr n,kak' fudk lE,af, o .eyeksfhla bkafk@
fudk lE,a,o msßñhd@ fudk lE,a, o ,iaik@ fudk lE,a,g o Tn
wdYd lrkafk @˜ hkqfjka weiqfõ h'
ta fudfyd; jk úg weh f,a ú,la ueo" úisreKq weg uia kyr

f.dvla ueo isgf.k isáhd h' ta o¾Ykh w;sYhska ms<sl=,a iy.; h'
fuÉpr l,la fï crdfjka msß fldgia wefÕa t,a,d f.k ;ud isáfha
oehs uy;a jQ ms<sl=,la we;s jqKs' wef.a YÍrfha lE,s tlska tl úisÍ me;sÍ
l=vd ù f.dia wjidkfha lsisjla fkd fmkS .sfha h' ta fudfydf;a wef.a
uki we;=<g we§ hk njla wehg oeksKs' ú{dk Odrdfõ ÈYdj fjkia
ù wef.a yojf;a .eUqreu ;ekl kej;=Kd fia wehg oekqKs' b;d ishqï
wjfndaO {dkhla muKla b;sß jQjd fia h' tu oekSu b;d msßisÿ h' jpkska
úia;r lsÍug wmyiq h' th we;s ;;= ta wdldrfhka u okS' fuu we;a;
we;s ieáfha oekSu" yd;ami úys§ .sh" msßisÿ ishqï j lreKq oek.kakd
{dkhls'
oeä wêIaGdkhlska ;u ú{dk Odrdj ;u is; ;=<g fhduq lsÍfuka

is,a ud;d ldhsõ h:dN+; {dkh y÷kd .;a;d h' wjfndaOfha W,am;
ke;fyd;a wjfndaOfha i;H ;;a;ajh yojf;a uOHu ,laIHfha" .%yKh
lsÍug neß ;rï" ksula ke;s wjldYhl me;sreKq {dk Yla;shla jka
wjfndaOhla we;s nj w;aÿgqjd h' rEmhla fkdue;s úiañ; wjfndaOfha
ksOdkh ÿgqjd h' fufia ;u wjOdkh we;=<g fhduq lr isá wehg" tu
wjOdkh isysfhka bj;a ù" wef.a is; b;d Ydka; ksjqKq wjia:djlg
fudfyd;lska we;=¿ úh' lsisÿ ukisldrhla is;=ú,a,la u;=jQfha ke;'
iEu fohla u ksy~ jQ Y+kH ;;ajhls' is;;a lh;a wruqKq ish,a,;a
w;sYhska ksoyia jQjd fia h' wef.a YÍrh;a fidhd .ekSug fkdyels
whqßka w;=reoyka úh' tu yqol,d Ydka; ksi, ksjqKq ;ek wehf.a is;
meh .Kkdjla /£ isáfha h'
.eUqre iudêfhka is; ;rula bj;a fjoa§ ú{dkfha ishqï fi,ùula

.ek wef.a wjOdkh fhduq úh' uq,ska th y÷kd .ekSug neß ;rï ishqï
úh' tu fi,ùu ukfia .eUqre ,laIHhla ;=<ska wdrïN ù hhs wehg
ishqï oekSula we;s úh' th áflka ál j¾Okh ù ndysr wruqK lrd
hEug fõ.h jeä l< neõ wehg jegyqKs' tfiau ndysr ix{d ne,Sfï
´kElula ta ;=<ska jeä ù f.k tk neõ o wehg jegyqKs' óg l,ska
j;dj,aj, § fï w;aÿgq —ndysr o¾Yk lrd hEfï ´kElu˜ fldhs;rï
idudkH isoaêhla j ;snqKd o lshf;d;a fujr th y÷kd .ekSug neß
;rï ishqï úh' ta fudfydf;a u by;ska lS ´kElu" oekg ukfia jeã
we;s we;a; we;s ieáfha oekSu yuqfõ meyeÈ,s j msysáfha h' ndysr wruqKq
lrd is; we§ hdug ork m%h;akh u¾okh lr is;" yß ueo fkd fi,aù
;nd .ekSug wehg uy;a mßY%uhla oeÍug isÿ úh' wdpd¾h uyd fndajd
ysñ f.a ;¾ckd;aul wjjdo wef.a isyshg wdfõ h' Wkajykafia wehg
oeäf,i ÿka wjjdofha i;H;djh wehg oeka jegyqKs' uki msg;g
fhduq lsÍug ´kE lula we;af;a ukig u nj wehg jegyS" tfia bv
fkd §ug wêIaGdk lr .;a;d h'
ó<Õ Èk lSmh ;=< uki wNHka;rfha u r|jd .ekSug iqÿiq

l%uhla .ek fiùug weh is; fhduq l<d h' .eUqre iudêfhka msì§
is; ndysr wruqKq lrd fhduq ùfï wdYdjka is;a ;=<ska biau;= ù ke.S
toa§ th jyd u y÷kd" j<lajd .kakd whqre wehg is; ;=<ska u jegysKs'
tfia wjfndaO lr is; whdf,a hEu id¾:l j j<ld .ekSug weh
iu;a jQjd h' is; ndysr wruqKq lrd we§ hdu is; ;=<ska u WmÈkd
is;sú,s yd ukisldrhkaf.a mßl,amkd l%shdldß;ajhka fya;= fldg
f.k isÿjkakls' tfia ndysr j we§ hk ú{dk Odrdj ifÉ;ksl
úYajhla ks¾udKh lr mj;ajdf.k hhs' kuq;a tjka is;=ú,a,la my<
fkdjQ úg ta laIKfhka u i;sh kej; Wm§' fuu msßisÿ oekSfï
fudfyd;la /£ isák úg j¾;udkfha muKla msysgk tu oekSu"
iqmÍlaIdldÍ ;shqKq ksjqKq oekSula fõ' tu oekSu kdu rEmhkaf.ka
mßndysr jQ fN!;sl rEm yd ufkdaix{d úiska uq,d fkd lrk oekSuls'
w;S;fha§ .eUqre iudêfhka msìfok úg" neyerg is; fhduq lrjñka
lsisÿ fya;=jla fkd ue;sj kd kd úO ix{d ueù fmkqKs' tu o¾Yk
fmkSu keje;aúh fkdyels nj wehg jegyqKq w;r tys /§ isàu iqjodhl
nj o wehg yeÕ=Ks' kuq;a iïud i;sfha /£ isák úg wiSñ; ix{d iy
ukisldrhka we;s ù ke;s ù hk whqre weh ÿgqjd h' tu o¾Yk .ek
lsisÿ yeÕSula fyda we,Sula we;s fkd l<d h' h:dN+; {dkhg is; fhduq
l< miq we;sjk fjki .ek oek.;a weh fyd| .=rejrfhl= hgf;a
Ndjkd bf.kSfï jákdlu y÷kd .;a;d h'
is; whdf,a hd fkd§ j¾;udkfha r|jd f.k isàug yelsnj o;a

is,a ud;d ldhsõ" wdpd¾h uyd fndajd ysñf.a wi;=g ms<sn| f.!rjfhka
lreKq meyeÈ,s lr wE ,o ÈhqKqj .ek úia;r lSug is;d fkdla wka
f,kg hEug ;SrKh l<d h' Wkajykafia jev isá f,k bÈßhg hoa§
weh ms<s.ekSug wlue;s njla fmkajñka wE foi rjd f.k fuka isá
uyd fndajd ysñf.a uqyqK weh ÿgqjd h'
—fudlg o kqU wdmyq wdfõ @˜ Wkajykafia uy yhsfhka weiQy'
—uu kqUg lSfõ fufyka wE;a fj,d bkakhs' fu;ek uyd bisjßhkag
iqÿiq ;ekla fkdfjhs˜
weh b;d bjiSfuka ldreKsl j wehg l;d lsÍug bv fok f,i;a"

wehg wkqlïmdfjka weyqïlka fok f,ig;a ne.Em;a jQjd h' tod wE
m,jd yeßhdg miq ukfia wjOdkh ;u uki ;=<g fhduq l< nj;a
tfia l< wehg wef.a jro jegyqKq nj;a Wkajykafiaf.a jákd Wmfoia
wkqj bÈßfha § ;ud oeä Wkkaÿjlska lghq;= lsÍug ;SrKh l< nj;a
wE fkd kj;ajd lshdf.k .shd h' weh ;u Ndjkdfõ § uE;l w;aÿgq
kj w;aoelSï Wkajykafiag meyeÈ,s l<d h' lsisjlg fkd we,S is;
mj;ajdf.k hEug weh bf.k .;a nj o lSjd h' ndysr ixisoaëka .ek
fiùug hEfuka wehg Ndjkdfõ lsisÿ ÈhqKqjla we;s fkd jQ nj jegyqKq
nj o meyeÈ,s l<d h' tu jro wehg fmkS .sh nj o f;areï l<d h'
weh Èk lSmhla b;d uykais ù ndysr wruqKq lrd we§ hdug we;s isf;ys
we;s jk m%n, ´kElu md,kh lr .;a whqre;a" tfia md,kh lr .;a
is; yoj; ueo ;ndf.k /l .ekSug;a weh oek .;a nj f;areï l<d h'
Ndjkdfjka m%.;shla ,nd lD;{;dmQ¾jl j ;u wdpd¾hhka jykafiag
f.!rjfhka lreKq myod § je| kuialdr fldg iudj whe§ug meñKs
nj is,a ud;d ldhsõ ikaiqka j lshd isáhd h'
wdOHd;añl ksjerÈ ud¾.h yßyeá y÷kd .;af;a Ndjkdfõ fhÿKq

wh muKs' ksjerÈ j Ndjkdj bf.k .ekSug kï iqúfYaI l=i,;djhka
we;s .=rejrfhla wjYH h' úfYaIfhka YsIHhd b;d Wiia uÜgulg
meñK Ndjkd mqyqKq fjoa§ .=re Wmfoia wkqj hf;d;a iq¿ jrola fyda
ùug bvlvla fkdue;' .=rejrhdf.a wjjdo wkqj YsIHhd bÈßhg hEug
kï .=rejrhd YsIHhdg jvd Ndjkdfjka oek W.;a úh hq;= h' ;udf.a
oekSï Yla;shg jvd by<ska we;s foa b.ekaùug hEu .=rejrfhl= fkd
l< hq;a;ls' YsIHhd tfia ,nk Wmfoiaj,ska lsisÿ ÈhqKqjla fkd ,nkq
we;' úo¾Yk m%{dfjka úksúo ÿgq i;Hh lreKq mdol fldg Wmfoia
fok úg olaI YsIHhdg ksjka u. hñka m%{dj ÈhqKq lr.; yel'
wef.a Ndjkdj oeka ksis u.g jeà we;s neõ fmkqKq wdpd¾h uyd
fndajd ysñ wE flfrys wkqlïmdfjka kej; wdrKHhg Ndr .;af;a h'
ukfia wj;dr iu. wE fndfyda l,a .;lr we;s neõ Wkajykafia wehg
oekajQy' wksjd¾hfhka neyerg fhduq l< ú{dk Odrdj Tiafia .ukalr
fm%a; N+;hkaf.a ´kE tmdlï wkqj jdih lrñka ;u uki úiska u

ilia l< udhdldÍ oDIaáj, meg,S isàug wehg isÿ úh' ú{dk Odrdj
;u uki ;=<g wd miaig f.k tafuka l,ska ;snQ wêfõ.h ;djld,sl j
kj;d we;a; we;s ieáfha oelSfï {dkh we;s ;ek weh is; r|jd .;a;d
h' weh w;a ÿgqfõ h:dN+; {dkhhs' ukfia ffki¾.sl nj oek .ekSfï
iajNdjhhs' ú{dkh ukfia h:d iajNdjfha l%shdoduhls' kuq;a ú{dkfha
l%shdldß;ajh jyd fjkia jk iq¨ h' we;a; we;s ieáfha olsk {dkfhka
f;dr h' ta ta ú{dkhkaf.a meje;au tajd oek y÷kd .ekSu;a iu.
mj;skakls' h:dN+; {dkh hkq tu oek y÷kd .ekSfï" uQ, Od;=jhs'
ú{dk Odrdj we;s fjù ke;s fjù hk" ilia fjñka mj;sk ixisoaêhls'
kuq;a h:dN+; {dkh lsisjlska ilia fkdjk iaÓr O¾u;djhls'
is; m;=f,a ,laIHhl isg ukfia mú;% jQ idrh ;=<ska ú{dkh

u;=msgg .,d ths' túg oreKq f,i yukd rd. fodaI fuday iq<s iq<x
fya;=fjka tfia u;=msgg meñKs u;=msg ú{dkh fudfyd;ska fudfyd;
tys iajNdjh" yevh" ;;a;ajh fjkia lrhs' kuq;a h:dN+; {dkh tjka
l%shdldß;ajhla fmkakqï lrkafka ke;' ixialdr f.dv k.kafka o ke;'
mú;% jQ oekSula muKla tys we;s fyhska" we;af;a wjfndaOh muKs'
fudfyd;ska fudfyd; ilia fjñka u;=msgg tk ú{dkfhka

f,!lsl f,dal iy f,daflda;a;r f,dal ms<sn| oekSula ,noa§" tu oekSu
we;s fjñka ke;s fjñka ,nd fok oekSula fõ' tksid tu oekSu wiaÓr
h' tu oekSu flfrys úYajdihla ;eìh fkdyel' msg;g úysfok ú{dk
Odrdjka bkaøshka úiska .efgk ndysr wruqKq yd iïnkaO jQ úg thska
,nk oekSu" ndysr ix{d iu. ñY% jQfjls' wei rEmhla yd iïnkaO jQ
úg olsk njg oekSula we;s fõ' ^plaLqú[a[dKh& tu oekSu rEm ix{dj
yd fudfyd;ska fudfyd; tla jk úg fudfyd;ska fudfyd; ú{dkh o
ialia lrhs' túg ú{dkh
zolskjdZ njg m;a fõ'
ú{dkh lk iu. iïnkaO jQ úg Yíoh ú{dkh ilia lrhs' túg

tu ú{dkh zwefikjdZ njg m;a fõ'
wfkla bkaøshkag o tfia u h' tu ksid bkaøshla Tiafia ú{dkhla

WmÈk úg h:dN+; {dkh ieÕ fõ' fidhd .ekSug W.yg h' kuqka
th wka;¾Odk jQjd fkd fõ' fuu oek .ekSfï iajNdjh ú{dkhlg
fjkia ùuls' idudkH Ôú;fha § ñksiqka ;u weia lka rEm Yío yUd
f.dia Tjqka olsk wik foa .ek kd kd yeÕSïj,g k;= ù" miqj tu
wruqKq ke;s jQ l, kej;;a fmr mej;s fkd le<UqKq ;;aFjhg fmrf<a'
ksula ke;s ndysr N+; fm%a; rEmhka idudkH kqjKska olsñka h:dN+;
{dkh uq¿ukska u u. yrjd f.k isà'
ú{dk Odrdj wd miaig yrjd .;a l, ndysr is;sú,s w;aysgqjd kj;S'

is;sú,s kej;=Kq l, ú{dkh we;=<g fhduq ù is; ;=< mú;% j mj;sk
h:dN+; j oek .ekSfï Yla;sh yd tla fõ' fuh ks;r ks;r mqreÿ l<
úg wik olsk ú|sk yeu wjia:djkays § u" îs; fkdu. fkd hjk&
fkd fi,afjk wä;d,ula njg m;a fõ' ;j o fufia mqreÿ mqyqKq jQ miq
.eUqre iudêfhka ñÿKdg miqj o isf;ys we;=<; wjOdkh b;d Yla;su;a
j mj;skq we;' fuu iudêh ;=<ska flfkl= ÿlska uqojd,sh fkd yels
jqj o fuu wä;d,u ÿlg fya;=jk ish¨ u flf,ia úkdY lsÍug
WmldÍ jkq we;' ;u ksÍlaIKhka iajNdjfhka u ksjerÈ j flfrk
w;r ks;ru iïud i;sfhka msysgqjk ;;a;ajhlg muqKqjkq we;' fuu
wjia:dj ;shqKq m%{djla we;s lrjk wjia:djhs' fuu w;sYh ;Sj% jQ
iudêfhka f.dv ke.=Kq ksi,Ndjh iy tald.%;djh iajNdjO¾uh .ek
h:d ;;aFjh wjfndaO lr .ekSfï ;shqKq úo¾Ykdj f.dv k.d .ekSug
myiq jk wä;d,ula fõ'
ixialdrhl îs;sú,a,l& l%shdldß;ajh kj;d,Sug wruqKq folla

we;' m<uqj is;sú,af,a iajNdjh oek .ekSu i|yd wjYH bv lv ,nd
.ekSuhs' fuh idudkHfhka flfrk is;Su yd oeä jqjukdjlska flfrk
is;Su;a w;r fjki w;HjYHfhka fmkajd fohs' fojkqj ix{d úrys;
úo¾Ykdj we;slr .ekSug wjYH is;sú,sj,g bvlv i,id .ekSuhs'
fuu wjia:d fol u m%{dfõ jeo.;a w;HjYH fldgia folls'
ksjerÈ j mqyqKq jqjfyd;a iudêh ;=<ska is;sú,a,la ukisldrhla

;djld,sl j kj;d oeñh yels h' kuq;a fya;=j úlD;s fkdlrhs' fuh"
flfkl= iajNdúl j l,amkd lrkq fjkqjg ´kElulska is;Sug fhduq

lrjhs' fujka uki we,Sulska f;drj ksÍlaIKh lsÍug yels is;sú,sj,g
úYd, fmfoila újD; lr fokafka h' b÷rd u hula y÷kd .ekSfuka
is;sú,s Odrdfõ wruqK myiqfjka oel .; yel' iajhx úo¾Ykdj ;=<ska
wkjYH is;sú,s neyer lr wjYH is;sú,s r|jd .ekSug yels jkq we;'
fuhska f,daflda;a;r m%{d j¾Okh i|yd Yla;su;a wä;d,ula jefgkq
we;'
is; WÉp;u ksi,;djhg m;ajk ;=re thg ksjerÈ j is;Sug neß

h' ks;r fofõf,a fkd kj;ajd Èfjk ú{dkh mokï lr we;sjk
l,amkd wl%ñl j iEÿKq tajd h' w;HdjYH msßisÿ l,amkdjka fkd
fõ' ix{djla u; we;slr.;a is;sú,a,lska wÕjk oekSu yrhla ke;s
oekSuls' tjka wjfndaOhla flfrys úYajdihla ;eìh fkdyels h' .eUqre
m%{djlska ,nd .kakd úo¾Ykd {dkh tys fkdue;'
jgmsg is;sú,sj,ska iy yeÕSïj,ska úlaIsma; fkd jQ is; iqúfYaI

msßisÿ isysfhys î;s iïm[a[fhys& msysghs' th wkqudk jYfhka ,nk
oekSula fkdj i;H úu¾Ykh fldg ,nk wjfndaOhls' fuh jeo.;a
isoaOdka;hls' úo¾Ykdj ksjerÈ j l%uj;a j flfrkq we;' fjk;a ú;¾l
u;s u;dka;rj,g jeà fkdu. fkd hhs' msßisÿ m%{dfjka úu¾Ykh
lrhs' .eUqre Ndjkduh ukilska wjfndaO lr .kS'
idudkH ú{dkfha wka;rdhlr w;=re M,hka yd noaO fjñka

fndfyda l,a.; l< is,a ud;d ldhsõ yg ukfia i;H ;;aFjh jgyd
f.k h:dN+; {dkh w;aoelSu i|yd lghq;= lsÍu óg fmr l< hq;=
j ;snqKs' fuu w;aoelSu .ukl wjidkh fkd j tla;rd Wml%uhls'
kSjrK O¾uhkaf.ka is; uqojd .ekSfï Wml%uhls' isf;a m%.;sh i|yd
;enQ Yla;su;a wä;d,uls' ix{djka u; ilia jk ú{dkh mdol fldg
we;sjk wjfndaOh" h:dN+; {dkfhka w;aolsk wjfndaOh hhs úYajdi
lr fkdu. hdug yels nj wdpd¾h uyd fndajd ysñ wehg lSfõ h' tksid
is; ;=<ska u;=jk iEu is;=ú,a,la u .eUqßka úu¾Ykh l< hq;= neõ
fuhska wjOdrKh úh' .eUqre iudêfhka ke.S isá iEu wjia:djl §
u ú{dkfha l%shdldß;ajh úu¾Ykh lsÍfï wjYH;djh mek ke.=Ks'
fN!;sl rEmhkag ufkdmúpdrhkag iy ufkda ixialdrhkag wef,ñka

l%shdldÍ jk ú{dkh weh úu¾Ykhg ,la l<d h'
fï wdldrfhka yoj; m;=f,a we;s flf,ia uq,skqmqgd ouk whqre

uyd fndajd f;reka jykafia is,a ud;d ldhsõ yg myod ÿkay' iïu;
f,dalfha mj;sk wiSñ; ix{d fn!oaO mámodfõ idrh fkdjk nj
Wkajykafia kej; kej; lshd isá fial' wef.a udkisl Yla;sh ;=<ska
m%:ufhka wef.a YÍrh ilia ù we;s wNsryia ;;aFjh .ek is; fhduq
lr" bka wk;=re j is; tu rEmhkag we,S we;s ieá úuid n,k l%uh
wehg jgyd ÿkafka h' m%{dj ÈhqKq lsÍu wdrïN jkafka ñksia YÍrfhka
nj lshd § tfia l< hq;af;a YÍrfha i;H ;;aFjh úksúo oelSfuka nj;a
th l< yels fohla nj;a lshd ÿkafka h'
ldh.;d i;s Ndjkdfõ §" tkï lh .ek úu¾Ykh lroa§

ksrdhdifhka u u;= flfrk úo¾Ykd n,h Wmfhda.s lr.kakd whqre
Wkajykafia wehg lshd ÿka fial' th ilia fjñka u;=fjk is;=ú,sj,g
wiq fkdù flfrk Ndjkdjls' tu Ndjkdj" iqmqreÿ w¾:l:k foñka"
u;su;dka;rj,g hg fjñka" Wml,amkh lrñka isÿflfrk Ndjkdjla
fkd fõ' isf;ys mú;% i;H jQ idrh .eí.;a ksOdkfhka u;=fjk ú{dkh
foi iïud i;sh Wmfhda.S lr n,k Ndjkdj weh m%.=K l< hq;= j we;'
laIKsl j úo¾Ykd m%{dj we;slr .ekSug kï tÈfkod is;k l%uh"
wkqudk j is;k l%uh hgm;a l< hq;=hs' wruqKq foi n, n,d tajdg tla
tla w¾:l:k fkd§ wruqKq ish,a, ;u is;g fmfkk wdldrfhka u
ksÍlaIKh l< hq;= fõ' msßisÿ is;ska olsk fuu ixialdrhka widOdrK
f,i y÷kajd §ug;a f,an,a we,ùug;a is; fhduq l<fyd;a f,!lsl
jYfhka iajNdúl j ilia jk is;sú,s ilia ù is; jHdl+, ;;a;ajhlg
m;a lrhs' fuh i;H msú;=re úo¾Ykdfõ w¾: úm¾hdihls' ksrka;r j
iïud i;sfhka wruqKq foi ne,Sfuka weh y÷kd .kakd foaj,ska hï
ksoyila ,nkjd fuka u m%{dfõ úfYaIs; mú;%Ndjh o ,nkq we;'
149
;u lhg
we¨ï lsÍfï fya;=fjka
we;sjk ÿl oelSu
we;a; we;s ieáfhka oelSu
flfkl=f.a is; O¾uhg fhduq lsÍfï
uQ,sl m%{djhs' ;u lh úksúo olsk we;af;da
jy jyd O¾uh wjfndaO lr;s'
lh ;=< u<ñksh
uyd fndajd ysñ uqK .eiSfuka miq ldhsõ is,a ud;dj tÈk iji ;u
is,a ud;d wdrKHhg msh k.oa§" wef.a is;g;a lhg;a wuq;=u m%fndaOhla
ieye,a¨jla oekqKs' w÷r jefg;a u ;u l=áh fj; .sh weh iqmqreÿ
mßÈ Ndjkdjg jdä ù wef.a Ndjkd mqyqKqj .ek .eUqßka iudf,dapkh
lrkakg jQjd h' iudê Ndjkdfõ M, is,a ud;d ldhsõ yg b;d myiqfjka
,nd.; yels j ;snqKs( fï jk úg wef.a is; myiqfjkau tald.%;djhg
m;a fõ' w;súYd, úYajfha mj;sk wdOHd;añl Yla;Ska w;aoelSug yels
jkqfha tjka tald.%;djhlg m;a jQ ukilg muKs' wef.a ú{dk
Odrdj isf;ys .eUqrg fhduq ù" h:dN+; {dkh ksOdk .; ,laIHfha
fudfyd;lg /÷Ks' ta laIKfhka u is; kej; t<shg mek" óg l,ska
ú{dkh yeiqreKq iajdNdúl ms<sfj;g u l%shdldÍ úh' is; tfia /÷Kq
fudfydf;a weh ,;a w;aoelSu" b;d iqúfYaIS wjia:djls' kuq;a weh tu
iqúfYaI wjia:dj yß yeá wjfndaO fkd lr f.k" bka miqj we;sjQ ix{d
fya;=fjka yg.;a ú{dkh l%shdldÍ jQ whqr" isf;a we;sjQ m%.;shla hhs
jrojd ms<s.;a;d h'
wef.a is; m;a jQ ksi, tald.%;djfhka ksis m%fhdack .ksñka" isf;ys

jyd fjkia jk iq¨ ;;aFjh ^wks;Hh& .ek wjOdkh fhduq fkd fldg"
ú{dkh úiska ilia lrk o¾Yk ;=< Ôj;afjñka olsk olsk o¾Ykj,g
w¾:l:k foñka Ndjkd lsÍug weh fhduq jQjd h' fufia ,nk oekSu
fjkia fjù mejf;k ix{d u; f.dv ke.=Kq ú{dkfhka ,o oekSula
nj wehg fkd f;areKs' th udhdldÍ oekSuls' h:dN+; {dkfhka ,eìh
yels we,Sfuka f;dr h:d¾:jd§ oekSula wehg fkd ,enqKs' tfia wE ,;a
ú{dkuh oekSu weh j yeÕSï nr is;=ú,s lrd f.k .sfha h' we;a; we;s
ieáfha oelSfï wjia:dj tuÕska wehg wysñ ù u.yeÍ .sfha h' is,a ud;d
ldhsõf.a is; mqreÿj isáfha fuu wk¾:ldÍ l%shd ms<sfj; Tiafia ks;r
ks;r yeisÍug h' ;u is; jerÈ ud¾.fha hñka ;ud uq,d lrk neõ
wehg fkd jegyqKs'
wdpd¾h uyd fndajd ysñf.a oeä wkfmalaIs; n,mEu" wef.a ta uq,d

ùu fjkia lrùug fya;= úh kuq;a th oeka fjkia ù we;' wef.a ú{dk
Odrdj yoj; uOHhg fhduq fjoa§ isf;a —we;a; we;s ieáfha oekSu˜
mj;sk isf;ys idrh iu. tl;= ù mú;% jQ i;sh we;s fkd le<UqKq
;ekl is; ;ekam;a fõ' t;ek § lh we;s njla fkd oefka' th wfydais
ù we;ehs yefÕa' ú{dkh o wfydais h' jpfkka úia;r lsÍug wmyiq
ishqï iïud i;sh muKla b;sß fõ' tys hka;ñkaj;a fi,ùula fkdue;'
ú{dkfhys o uo jQ fi,ùula ke;' wef.a uki tu ksi,;djfha ;rul
fõ,djla /£ isáh miq" b;d ishqï /,a,la fia yoj; uOHfhka bj;aùu
wdrïN fõ' ú{dkh isyska /,a,la fia u;= ù ke;s ù hkakg mgka .kS'
fufia /,s wdldrfhka iajdNdúl j u;= ù ke;s ù hhs' fuh is;d u;d
lrkakla fkd fõ' b;d ishqï fi,ùulska miq jydu kej; ksYap,
;;a;ajhlg m;a fõ' Ñ;a;laIK we;s fjñka ke;s fjñka áflka ál
tys fõ.h jeä lrñka ú{dk Odrdfõ idudkH YS>%;djh lrd meñK
l%shdldÍ fõ'
ndysr jia;+ka .ek wef.a i;sh kej; ,nd.;a; o ix{djka u;

is;sú,s W;amdokh ùu wl%sh ù we;' idudkHfhka isf;ys" is;sú,s we;sjk
iajNdjh u¾okh lrñka we;a; we;s ieáfha wjfndaO jk ksrdhdifhka
l%shd;aul jk isysh muKla b;sß j we;s Èhdre ;;aFjhlg wef.a is;
jegqKs' fuu ;;aFjh úfYaIs; ix{djla u; muKla l%shd;aul jk" lsisÿ
h:d¾:h oelSfï Yla;sh wvx.= ukfia w;smßY=oaO idrh ( lh ;=< u<ñksh 151
;ekl fkd we¨Kq iajNdjhls' wef.a is; lh .eUqre jQ úo¾Ykdjlska oel

wjfndaO lr.; yels ;;a;ajhls' h:dN+; {dkh l%shd;aul jkafka fuu
wjia:dfõ nj;a" is; fu;ek u r|jd ;nd .; hq;= nj;a wehg jegyqfKa
h' kdu rEm O¾u;d úo¾Ykd {dkfhka jgyd .; yels ;;aFjh fu;ek
nj wehg wjfndaO úh' ixisoaëka úu¾Ykh lroa§ is; fu;ek r|jd
;eîfuka msßisÿ m%{dj biau;= jk nj wehg wjfndaO úh' fuu wjia:dj
m%{dj b;d msßisÿ j l%shd;aul jk wjia:djhs' idudkH ú{dk Odrdj
;=< u m%{djg M,odhS f,i l%shd;aul ùug yelslula fuys we;' ;j;a
ishqï bkaøshlska ,nk m%;sNd {dkfhka ,nk wjfndaOhlg wjysrhla
fkdue;'
tÈk uOHu rd;%sfha .eUqre iudêfhka ke.S isáoa§ is,a ud;d

ldhsõf.a ú{dk Odrdj flfuka flfuka wef.a YÍrfha iEu fldgila
flfrys u fhduq ù laIKhlska wef.a uq¿ YÍrh u wE bÈßfha ueù fmkqKs'
YÍrh .ek wE ;=< ;snQ mQ¾j ixl,amhka wef.a fuu wjfndaOhg ndOdjla
fkdùh' weh Ndjkdfõ jdä ù isáh § u wef.a YÍrfha rEm fldgiays
we;a; ;;aFjh wehg Èia úh' msßisÿ isysh î;siïm[a[h& wef.a YÍrfha
i;H iajNdjh wehg jgyd ÿkafka h' fudfyd;ska fudfyd; crdjg m;a
ù" urKhg m;a ù úkdY jk whqre weh ÿgqjd h' wef.a mú;% ukiska
tu o¾Ykh ÿgq weh tu h:d¾:hg kej; kej; is;a fhduq l<d h'
iEu fudfyd;l u isÿ fjñka mj;sk crdjg hEfï isg fkd je<elaúh
yels urKh olajd Èj hk iajNdj O¾ufha l%shdj,sh foi n,d isáhd h'
crdjg hñka l=Kqùu YÍrfha wNHka;r fldgiaj,ska wdrïN ù YÍrfha
wka iEu fldgilg u fiñka fiñka me;sÍ .sfha h' weh tu l%shdj,sh
foi wjfndaOfhka n,d isáhd muKs' ta .ek jeäÿr is;Sug" l,amkd
lsÍug fkd.shd h' wef.a tu wjOdkh ;=< u wef.a YÍrh fldgiaj,g
ì£ hEug bv yer tfoi n,d isáhd h' wef.a u<ñksh fudfydf;ka
fudfyd; ojiska oji ksrka;rfhka crdjg hñka l=Kqùu" weh n,d
isáh § u fõ.j;a j l%shd;aul jkakg úh'
is,a ud;d ldhsõ ;u u<isrer foi ysfia isg my<g fiñka wjOdkh
fhduq lr n,ñka tys rEm fldgia crdjg hk whqre meyeÈ,s j olsk
f;la n,d isáhd h' crdjg f.dia urKh olajd /f.k hk iajNdjh
m%{dfjka n,d isá fyhska fkd kj;ajd u fuu crdjg hk iajNdjh
foi weh oeä wjOdkhlska n,d isáhd h' uq,ska u wef.a u<isrer
we;=<;ska bÈfukakg mgka f.k ly mdg .ekaù miq j ks,ajka j
l¿mdg j¾Khlg fjkia úh' bÈuqKq u<ñksfha yu áflka ál we§
f.dia ;ekska ;ek mqmqrkakg úh' tfia msmsrE ;ekaj,ska l=Kq udxY
fldgia o mqmqrd ta ;=<ska ćia .,kakg úh' ći .,;a u ks,ueiafida
l=Kq ù ÿ.| yuk u<ñksh mqrd jikakg úh' l=Kq jQ u<isrefrka yeuQ
ÿ¾.kaOh wef.a wNHka;r b÷rkag ord.; fkdyels ;rï jukh tk
;rï jQ ÿ.|ls' ks,ueiafida l=Kq ù Èh fjk uia w;f¾ ì;a;r oeuQy'
me¨Kq uia w;ßka u;= jQ mKqfjda u<isrer mqrd weUß weUÍ wefoñka
olskakg neß ;rï ms<sl=,la we;s lr ù h' mKqfjda u<isref¾ yu ld
oud yudr jk úg we;=<; lKavrd u.ska yd wiaÓ u.ska f.dkq lr ;snQ
udxY fmaYSka o Èhù úkdY ù weg iels,a, muKla b;sß j o¾Ykh úh'
miqj lsisjla b;sß fkdjk fia uia kyr Èh ù f.dia weg iels,af,a
fldgia o ;ekska ;ek .e,ù .sfha h'
ld,h f.ù h;a u ld,.=Kh iy jeiai b;sß jQ l=vd uia jeo,s

lKavrd fidaod bj;g úiqrejd iqÿ mdáka È,sfik weg lgq iuQyh
muKla b;sß lf<a h' miqj iels,af,a o weg ;ekska ;ek úisÍ f.dvj,a
.eiqKs' ysia ln, tl ;ekl h' Wl=,a wegh ;j;a ;ekl h' wjidkfha
fuu weg lE,s o f.ù f.dia l=vd len,sj,g ì£" fï mGú Od;= wdrïN
jQ fmdf<djg u tla ù fkd fmkS .sfha h' laIKhlska uy fmdf<dj o
wka;¾Odk úh' b;sßjQfha w;sYhska msßisÿj yeu ÈYdjlg u úysfoñka"
È,sfik iïud i;s h muKs' áflka ál wd;auhla we;ehs hk yeÕSu tu
m%fndaOj;a i;sh ;=< wfydais úh' ta iu.u uu uf.a ug hhs lshk yeu
ixisoaêhla u wka;¾Odk úh'
is,a ud;d ldhsõ fï wdldrfhka Èkm;d u Ndjkd l<d h' weh" wef.a
u<isref¾ wNHka;rh n,ñka" crdj urKh hk iajNdúl O¾u;d wehg
idudkH o¾Yk njg m;ajk ;=re fkd lvjd Ndjkd l<d h' fufia Èk
.Kkdjla u ;u foayh crdjg f.dia l=Kq ù úkdY ù uy fmdf<djg
tlajk l%shdj,sh foi úo¾Ykd {dkfhka n,ñka wef.a Ndjkdj m%.=K

l<d h' wjidkfha uy fmdf<djg tla jkafka mGú Od;=j fyhska is,a
ud;d ldhsõ miqj fuu lh iE§ we;s uQ, Od;= .ek wjfndaOh fhduq
l<d h' ish¨ rEm fldgia mGú wdfmda f;fcda jdhq hk m%Odk Od;=j,ska
iukaú; h' uia weg o;a kshfmd;= flia iy f,dauj," mGú Od;=fõ we;s
;o .;sh tajdfha o we;' f,a uq;%d fiï fidgq iy wfkla Y%djhkaj,
wdfmda Od;=fõ ,laIK wka;¾.; h' YÍrfha we;s WIaKh Yla;sh cjh
f;afcda Od;= ,laIKh h' jdfhda Od;= ,laIK wm yqiau .ekSfuka yd
YÍrh ;=<ska yd w; mh yeisr ùfuka oek .; yel'
crdjg hEfï O¾u;djh YÍrfha mGú Od;=fjka iEÿKq fldgia

is| ì| oud kej; tu uQ,sl ;;ajhg u m;a lrjk whqre is,a ud;d
oeä wjOdkfhka hq;= j n,d isáhd h' urKh;a iu." tkï ú{dkh
isrefrka neyer jQ miq Ôjh f.k ÿka ;dmh iy jd;h ta ta uQ,Od;+ka
yd tla fõ' tu l%shdj,sh o weh úu¾Ykh l<d h' YÍrfha øj fldgia
fmdf<djg ldkaÿ ù fyda jdIam ù fyda f.dia ke;s ù .sh miq YÍrfha
b;sß fldgia fõ,S" weg muKla b;sßjk ;;a;ajhg m;a jk whqre o weh
n,d isáhd h' tu weg leì,s o ld,hdf.a wejEfuka fmdf<djg mia fõ'
th isÿ jk whqre o weh wjfndaOfhka n,d isáhd h'
is,a ud;d ldhsõ ñksia weg iy uyfmdf<dj tlg tl;= ù tlu Od;=
fldgila njg m;ajk whqre b;d m%fndaOj;a f,i wjfndaOfhka n,d
isáhd h' ñksia weg l=vq njg m;aù fmdf<dfõ mia yd tla ù tlu Od;=
fldgilg m;a fjoa§ ukqIH YÍrh h:dN+; fkdjk udhdldÍ iajNdjhla
nj wef.a yoj; m;=f,ka u;= ù wd h:dN+; {dkfhka wjfndaO lr
.;a;d h' ñksia isrer iE§ we;s ish¨ u fldgia mGú wdfmda f;fcda
jdfhd hk i;r uyd N+; fldgiaj,ska iukaú; neõ wehg iaÓr j
oekSfï wjfndaOh my< úh' tfuka u tu YÍr fldgia wjidkfha i;r
uyd N+;hkag u mßj¾;kh jk nj o wehg jegyqKs' laIKhlska wef.a
úo¾Ykd o¾Yk m:fhka yd oekSfuka uy fmdf<dj o fkd fmkS f.dia"
wef.a zwe;a; we;s ieáfha oek .ekSfï yelshdjZ iEu ÈYdjg u me;=reKq
wdf,dalhla njg m;a úh' ta laIKfhka u wef.a wjfndaO {dkh kqyqre
kqmqreÿ ;ekla yd taldnoaO ù" t;eku tfia /f|;a u l,ska ;snQ §ma;su;a
wdf,dalh ke;s ù .sfha h'
jpfkka meyeÈ,s lsÍug wmyiq Y+kH;djhlg m;a jqKs' th iaÓr

tald.%;djhls' oaú;aj l%shdldß;ajhlska mßndysr jQ talSh ;;a;ajhls'
mú;% wjfndaOhla muKs' W;alDIag jQ f,daflda;a;r ksi,Ndjhls' y÷kd
.ekSfï ix{d lsisjla fkdue;s f,daflda;a;r Y+kH ;,hls' th isf;ys
meyeÈ,s h:dN+; idrh mj;sk ;ekls'
wef.a YÍrh" mGú wdfmda f;fcda jdhq hk Od;= fldgiaj,g

fn§ hk whqre is,a ud;d ldhsõ úo¾Ykd jevQ iEu wjia:djl § u
meyeÈ,s j wjfndaO úh' uyd N+; lsisjla fkd uefrk nj wehg
jegyqKs' ysifla" kshfmd;=" o;a" yu" uia" weg ¦ tajdfha uQ, Od;=jg
kej; fmrf<a' fï yeu mGú Od;=jhs' mGú Od;=j ljoo uerefKa@
mGú Od;=j crdjg f.dia úkdY jQ miq l=uk ;;a;ajhlg o fmrf<kafka@
mGú wdfmda f;fcda jdhq hk i;r uyd N+;fhda tajdfha cd;s ,laIKhkag
kej;;a fmrf<a' lsisjla úkdY ù ke;' fuu Od;+ka tl f.dvlg talrdYS
jQ ;ek ú{dkh tys mÈxÑ fõ' rEm l,dm f.dvlg noaO jQ is; th mK
.kajd ta jgd wd;au ixl,amhla f.dv kxjd mSvdldÍ ;;a;ajhlg f.k
hhs' fuu fN!;sl YÍrhg fm!oa.,sl;ajhla wdfrdamKh lr" uki
wiSñ; ÿla fõokd ú£ug mgka .kS'
is; lsis Èkl uerefKa o ke;' fuf;la ;snqfKa fjkia fjù hk

l%shdj,shls' ksula ke;s ixidr pl%fha iEu ú{dk fudfyd;la we;s ù
ke;sù hk fudfyd;l § ueß ueÍ WmÈk we;s ù ke;s ù hk l%shdj,shla
muKla olakg ;snqKs' uyd N+; i;f¾ l%shdj,sh foi i;sfhka n,k
wjia:djkays §" is,a ud;d ldhsõ yg tu Od;+ka uQ,sl Od;+kag kej;
kej; m;ajk whqre ukdj is;g jegyqKs' tfia kï urKh fld;eklska
fidhd .kak o@ uereKq foa l=ula o@ Od;= i;r h' mGú wdfmda f;fcda
jdhq fudjqka uerefKa ke;' is; .ek ne¨jfyd;a is; flfia uefrkak
o@ fufia wjfndaO fjoa§ wef.a is; m%lg j fmfkkakg úh' jeä oekSula
iy jeä úuis,s kqjKla we;s úh'
WÉp;u ksi,Ndjfhka ke.S isá is,a ud;d ldhsõ rEmldhla we;s

j isàfï wjq,a iy.; ;;ajh úo¾Ykd Ndjkdfjka úu¾Ykh l<d h'
rEmldh ;=< wd;auhla we;ehs ;ud ;=< m%n, yeÕSula we;s lrùu tla
n,hla jYfhka weh y÷kd .;a;d h' Wmka od isg weh wef.a f,dalh
ilid .;af;a fuu rEmh hk ix{dj u; h' fuu wd;aóh yeÕSu ksid"
rEmh tkï YÍrh wdrlaId lr .ekSu i|yd fkdfhl=;a foa lsÍug weh
fm<UqKd h' lhg wjYHh oE imhd §ug fndfyda fia fm<UqKdh' lh
ksid we;s lr .kakd is;=ú,s wehj bmfoñka uefrñka /f.k hk
ixidrfha r|jd ;eîug fya;=jk l¾u nj wehg jegyqKs' lfha u;=msáka
fmfkk wmsßisÿ ms<sl=,a iajNdjhg jvd fuu rEmh iu. iycfhka u
mj;sk wmú;%;djh jvd jeä neõ wehg ta;a;= .sfha h' fuu lfhys we;s
wmsßisÿlug jvd lh olajk wdl,am iy lfhka isÿlrk l%shd Nhdkl
jk wjia:d o fndfyda h' lh fya;=fjka udkh yg.kS' lh fya;=fjka
ldudiajdoh" rd.h we;sù tuÕska wdrjq,a we;sfõ' lfhka flfrk
fkdfhl=;a mdm l%shd iy YÍrh fya;=fjka isÿ flfrk wi;amqreI l%shd
o fndfyda h' YÍrh ksid we;slr .kakd ksula ke;s is;=ú,s ixidrh ;=<
flfkl= isrlr ;nkq ,nhs' rEmhg we,Sfï fya;=j fidhd .ekSug kï
Bg wkqrEm jQ flf,ia is;sú,s .ek úuis,su;a úh hq;= neõ o weh jgyd
.;a;d h'
msßisÿ c,h we;s

ksi, fmdl=Kl m;=f,a we;s ish,a,
wmg meyeÈ,s j fmfka'
úfõlS yoj; ksi, h' ksi, yoj; ;=<ska
m%{dj myiqfjka u;= ù
iq.u j .,d hhs' m%{dj .,dhoa oS
mú;% wjfndaOh ta miqmi tkafka h'
laIKsl wjfndaOh
is,a ud;d ldhsõ wef.a W.% Ndjkd mqyqKqfjys fhfoñka ;ekam;a

ukilska hq;=j udi lSmhla .; l<d h' Wfoa yS,a odkfhka miq weh wef.a
yqol,d l=áh fj; f.dia meh lSmhla l=áh wìhi ;kd we;s ilauka
u¿fjys ilauka Ndjkdfjys fhÿKd h' wef.a ilauka u¿j wehg iir
ÿla ke;slsÍug Wmldr jk ix.%du N+ñhla úh' is,aud;d ldhsõ fhdaksfid
ukisldrfhka hq;=j ilauka Ndjkdfjys fhfooa§ wef.a YÍrh .ekj;a
fmdf<dfõ .Efjk wef.a fomd .ekj;a wehg l,amkdjla fkd ù h'
wef.a Ndjkd wruqKq is;" fudk;rï isf;ys m;=,g ls|d neiafia oehs
lshf;d;a iuyr wjia:djkays § wE ilauka m:h blaujd f.dia jkhg
fkd oek u we;=¿ jQ wjia:d o úh' tjka wjia:djkays §" isf;ys iudêhg
ydkshla fkd jk fia fhdaksfida ukisldrfha u msysgd weh kej;;a
ilauka u¿jg msúi fmr mßÈ i;sfhka hq;=j Ndjkdfjys fhÿKd h'
wef.a ilauka Ndjkd m:h" wyia l=i isidrd me;sreKq uyd

jDlaIhkaf.a fijK hg bÈ jQjls' tla me;a;lska úYd, WK m÷re keó
Bg wdjrKhla ,nd ÿKs' ilauka u¿fõ tla fldkl isyska j Wig
jevqKq mfhdaï .fia fijK hg wä ;=k y;rla Wig WK nïnqj,ska
h:d¾:h oelSfï Yla;sh wvx.= ukfia w;smßY=oaO idrh ( laIKsl wjfndaOh 157
;ekQ l=vd ueiails' tu ueiai is,a ud;d ldhsõ úiska ;kd .;af;ls'
.%SIau ld,fha oyj, u| fõ,djla ydkais ù úfõl .ekSu i|yd weh tu
ueiai mdúÉÑ l<d h' tfia u ilauka Ndjkdfjka miq t<suyfka ys|s
bßhõfjka Ndjkd lsÍug o tu WK ng ueiai m%fhdackhg .;a;d h'
mfhdaï .i ufyda.ks oej mjq,g wh;a le,E .ils' tys msfmk u,a ly
mdáka hqla; h' fï ld,fha tu .fia u,a msmS jkdka;rh w,xldr lrhs'
lymdg u,a fm;s .s,syS jeà" ly mdg ;s;a ;s;aj,ska is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a
ilauka u¿j o ruKSh f,i w,xldr lf<a h' ufyda.ks .fia Yla;sh;a
tys fijK iy w,xldr u,a jreidj;a mßirhg tl;= l< ukialdka;
nj" is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a ukfiys ukialdka; iajNdjh lshdmdkakla
úh'
tla iekaoEjl weh Ndjkd fhda.S j isáoa§ tla o¾Ykhla ÿgqjd h'
weh ukiska ÿgqfõ o¾YkSh fmdl=Kls' tys rkajka mdáka fk¿ï u,a msmS
;snqKs' tu u,a u;= msg mdfjñka ;snqKs' u;= msg mdjqKq tu fk¿ï u,a
lr;a; frdaohla muK úYd, h' rkajka mdg fm;s isyska msydgq fl|sj,ska
iEÿKd fia w;sYhska ruKSh úh' wksla fk¿ï u,a fm;s yels¿Kq" wyig
úysÿKq" rkajka mdg foajia:dkj, uqÿka fld;a fia Èia jqKs' wfkla u,a
msßisÿ c,fha .s,S ;snqKs' ta u,aj,ska .s,syqKq Èiakh fmdl=K mqrd rkajka
/,s wdldrfhka úysÿKs' fmdl=fKys c,h fld;rï mú;% o lshf;d;a
m;=f,a uv b;d meyeÈ,s j fmkqKs' u,aj,ska .s,syqKq iuyrla fk¿ï
fm;s j;=f¾ mdfjñka ;snqKs' ta f;;a fk¿ï m;% c,h u; È,sfiñka
wk¾> iqj|la oi w;u me;=refõ h' is,a ud;d ldhsõ fmdl=K foi
f.!rj iïm%hqla; ìhlska n,d isáhd h' ta fudfydf;a rkajka mdg
yxifhl= wyfia isg mshdUd mdù wjq;a" fmdl=Kg md;a ù fmdl=fKa u,a
w;ßka ta fï w; i;=áka msyskkakg úh' mdfjk fk¿ï fld<j,g
fydáka fldgñka l=vd fm;s lE,s ld ouñka iql=ud, f,i fmdl=fKa
tyd fuyd msysKqfõ h' u,a fm;s y;rla lE yxihd bka ;Dma;shg m;a j
ksi, j isáfha h' fmdl=fKa bjqr woaorg ù is,a ud;d ldhsõ tfoi n,d
isáoa§ weh j,dl=<la fia by<g mdù f.dia c,h u; mdù hkakd fia
wehg yeÕ=Ks' rkajka yxihd iómhg <x fjoa§ wef.a fomd fomig úysod"
yxihd u; jdäùug iQodkï jQjd h' yxihdf.a msg u; jdäfjkjd;a
iu. u is,a ud;dj;a yxihd;a tflla úh' ta laIKfhka u rkajka

yxihd ;ud nj wehg jegyqKs' jydu iudê Ndjkdfjka msìÿKq weh
mshú isyshg meñKshd h'
is,a ud;d ldhsõ wE ÿgq o¾Ykfha f;areu .ek Èk lSmhla l,amkd

lrñka l,a.; l<d h' rkajka yxihd – rkajka fk¿ï u,a lEu – nqÿka
jykafia foiQ wd¾h ud¾.fha idrh jQ O¾uh irK hñka flfrk
mqo mQcd fk¿ï u,aj,ska w¾:j;a lrhs' rkajka mdáka wdf,dalh ms<sìUq
lrhs" tkï ukfia wdf,dalhhs ¦ ukfia wdf,dalj;a msì§u msmqKq fk¿ï
u,a w¾:j;a lrhs' fk¿ï fm;s i;r p;=rd¾h i;Hh nj;a ry;a M,h
lrd f.k hk uf.ys m%Odk u. i,l=Kq i;r nj;a weh jgyd .;a;d h'
rkajka yxihd iqj| úys¥ fia is,a ud;d ldhsõ o m%{dfõ wdf,dalh oi;
úysÿjdh ¦ fuu wd;aufha § u tu .uk iïmQ¾K fldg weh tu m%{d
wdf,dalh ,nkq we;'
wNHka;rj;a ndysrj;a úysfok ú{dkh" oekSu we;s lrjñka

È.ska È.g u f.k hk O¾u;djhla nj is,a ud;d ldhsõ oek isáhd h'
weh w;aÿgq lsisjla ú{dkfhka neyer fkd jQjls' iEu ixisoaêhla u
ú{dkfhka .%yKh fldg ukiska w;aolskafka fï wkqjh' fufia .;a
l, lh .ek wjfndaOh ú{dkfha iajdNdúl l%shdoduhlska ,nkakla neõ
wehg jegyqKs' fláfhka lshf;d;a weh lfhys wNHka;rh úu¾Ykh
lf<a lh .ek ukiska ilia lr.;a ix{d u; h' ú{dkh YÍrh mqrd
me;=reKq fohls' th bkaøshhka m%dKj;a lrñka bkaøshhka úiska ,nk
oekSï l%shd;aul lrjñka iEu ;ekl u úys§ l%shd lrhs' lh kue;s
uQ¾;sh w;aoelSu - lh uu f,i - bkaøshhka úiska y÷kd .;a úfYaIs;
ix{d u.ska okajk mßÈ YÍrh wef.a nj;a thg ;Èka we,S lh zuf.aZ
hhs ms<s.ekSu;a isÿ fõ' ksrdhdifhka u isf;ys my< jQ w;yeÍfï
fÉ;kdjlska hq;= j ufkdauh jYfhka fï YÍrh ilia jQfjle hs i,ld
tfuka u ú{dkh fya;=fjka o ilia jQjla hehs oek" ta wkqj is,a ud;d
ldhsõ wef.a lh foig wjOdkh fhduq l<d h' lh Od;+kf a .ka ilia jQ
;djld,sl ixhq;h s la kï" uf.a lh hk yeÕSu u;= jQfha fld;eklska
o@ tfuka u YÍrh .ek wm%ikak is;ú s ,a, wdrïN jQfha l=ula ksid o@
iajdNdúl j crdjg m;a ù úkdY jk YÍrfha l%shdj,sh oel ms<sl=,a

iy.; yeÕSï u;= ù meñKsfha l=ula ksid o@
YÍrh crdjg m;afjñka úkdY jk wNHka;r ix{d .ek is; fhduq

lrñka" is,a ud;d ldhsõ ta tla tla ix{djkays § ;udg we;sjk ukdmh
fyda wukdmh .ek fyda úfYaI ie,ls,a,la oelajQjd h' we,Sfuka wE;a
jQ wmlaImd;S idlaIslrefjl= yeáhg ukfia fjkialï y÷kd .ekSug
wehg yels úh' ukig tu ufkdauh ix{d y÷kd .ekSug;a ta wkqj tajdg
fok w¾:l:k Tiafia m%;sl%shd oelaùug;a weh wef.a is;g ´kE;rï
ksoyi ÿkakd h' weh wef.a lfha ;;a;ajh .ek oek .;af;a bkaøshhka
úiska yd ix{d u.ska y÷kajd fok wdldrhg h' kuq;a tfia ,nd .;a
oekSu weh ks;H yd ukdm jYfhka fyda wks;H wukdm jYfhka fyda
w;aÿgqjd h' wehg oek .ekSug wjYH jQfha" uki tu ix{d ks¾udKh
lf<a wehs o hkak;a uki" Bg w¾:hla ,nd § yd;ami me;=refõ flfia
o hkak;a .ek h'
ldh.;d i;s Ndjkdj jvoa§ wef.a ukig ksrdhdifhka ke.S wd

yeÕSï .ek úfYaI wjOdkhla is,a ud;d ldhsõ oelajQjd h' ú{dk Odrdj
.,d hEu kj;d kej; wd miaig tys wdrïNh lrd f.k hEug wehg
yelshdjla ;snqKs' tksid tu l%uh mdúÉÑ lrñka Woa.; jk is;sú,s iy
yeÕSï tys uQ,drïNh fj; hjd úu¾Ykh lsÍug weh fm<UqKd h' weh"
crdjg m;a l,la .;jQ YÍrhla f.k" fldgia fldgia jYfhka ix{d
fkd f.k uq¿ lh u tla ix{djla jYfhka f.k ta .ek wjOdkh fhduq
l<d h' ksrdhdifhka tlg l%shd;aul jk wjfndaO {dkh iy y÷kd
.ekSu" isf;a m;=f,ka u mek k.sk ms<sl=,la laIKsl j tu tla tla
YÍr ix{dj úksúo hjñka u;= jk nj weh jgyd .;a;d h' wruqK iy
wruqK n,kakd tla ixhq;shla jk;=re" weh tu wruqK wef.a wjOdkfha
r|jd .;a;d h' ta fudfydf;a § ix{dj iy yeÕSu áflka ál yels,S
is; m;=<g ls|d nei ú{dkfhka fï folu Wrd.kakd ;=re mej;=Ks' ta
iu. u tu ;;a;ajh w;=reoyka úh' fufia ÿgq jydu weh kej;;a YÍr
ix{dj foi;a thg we¨Kq ms<sl=,a yeÕSug;a ;u wjOdkh fhduq l<d h
¦ kej;;a weh tfia l<d h' tjr o ix{dj" yeÕSï is;sú,a,;a iu. ñßlS
tlla ù" th wdrïN jQ ;ekg f.dia ú{dkh wNHka;rfha w;=reoyka

úh' fufia È.ska È.g u lrf.k hoa§" ta yeu wjia:djl § u ix{dj iy
yeÕSu wdmiaig wjq;a w;=reoyka úh' ñka wk;=re j lsisÿ mßY%uhlska
f;dr j ix{d iy yeÕSï uki ;=< wdrïNl ia:dkhg wdmiq wjq;a
laIKhlska w;=reoyka ùug wef.a uki ilia úh'
is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a ldh .;d i;s Ndjkdj ;SrKd;aul wjia:djlg

t<UqfKa h' rEmh flfrys" lh flfrys isf;ys we,Sug we;s uQ,sl
fya;=j meyeÈ,s j wkdjrKh úh' laIKhlska u;= jk ms<sl=,a yeÕSu
tys uQ,sl fya;=j iu. kej; iïnkaO jQ úg b;d meyeÈ,s wjfndaOhla
ta CIKfhka u Wod úh ¦ ms<sl=, iy wdl¾IKh hk yeÕSï folu
W;amdokh lf<a ukihs ¦ m%ikak nj iy wm%ikak nj hk ix{d folu
uki úiska ks¾udKh lrk ,oafoa h' tu ,laIK ndysr wruqfKys fkd
;snqKs' ,iaik wj,iaik neõ we;slr we;af;a uki h' ndysr wruqKg
th we;s lsÍug yelshdjla fkdue;' i;H jYfhka u isÿjkafka ú{dkh
fudfydf;ka fudfyd; ix{djka yd iïnkaO fjñka ta ta wkqj yeÕSï
we;s lsÍuhs' wef.a uki yeu fudfyd;l u wmQ¾j Ñ;% ueõfõ h' -
wE .ek Ñ;% iy ndysr f,dalh .ek Ñ;% - fï Ñ;% miqj úYajdihla
we;slrjk i;H foa njg rjgd we;'
fuu wjia:dj t<fUoa§ wkka; jQ wjldYfha me;=reKq isf;ys

fhdaksfid ukisldrh iy ix{dfõ iúia;r;ajh tljr l%shd lrkakg
mgka .;af;a h' tfuka u ufkdix{djka ys mej;s udhdj áflka ál is£
ì£ hkakg úh' ú{dk Odrdj ;=< yevhla ke;s ix{d wiSñ; ixLHdjla
tl;= fjñka ta laIKfhka u th wfydais ù .sfha h' rEm ix{dj we;sjQ
fudfydf;a u Bg wdYdjla fyda yeÕSula we;slr .ekSug m%:u fhdaksfid
ukisldrh th jg,df.k wka;¾Odk fldg Y+kH ;;aFjhla we;s lf<a
h' .sKsh fkdyels ;rï lfha fldgia ^rEm& yd is;=ú,s ^kdu& lsisÿ
ms<sfj,la fkdue;s j tlla miqmi tlla u;= fjù ke;s fjù Y+kHhg
hEug mgka .;af;a h'
óg fmr lh iïnkaO j ix{d u;= jQ úg" Bg leue;a;la olajd

wd;au ix{dj ;yjqre lf<a h' kuq;a wo tu ix{d ukig we;=¿ fj;a u
wfydais ù hk ;;a;ajhla Wod ù we;s fyhska tys zwd;auZ ix{djla f.dv

ke.Sug lsisfia;a bvla ke;'
fuu ix{djkaf.a we;sùu ke;sùu b;d YS>%fhka isÿjk fyhska y÷kd

.;a ix{d wNHka;r tajd o ndysr tajd oehs oek .ekSug wjYH;djhla"
´kElula is; ;=< we;s fkd fõ' wjidkfha ú{dkh ;=< fuu rEm
l,dm bmso bmso ke;s fjù w;suy;a fõ.hlska l%shd;aul jk fyhska
tajd f;areï .ekSug fkdyels ;;aFjhla Wod jqKs' ix{djla w;=reoyka jQ
jydu t;ek we;s jQfha Y+kH ;;aFjhls' - ix{djkaf.a Y+kH ;;aFjhls'
- rEmhg fkd wef,k Y+kH ;;aFjhls' w;sYfhka mßY=oaO jQ wjfndaO
{dkhla muKla isf;ys b;sß úh' ix{djla úÿ,s ierhla fia we;s ù
ke;s ù hk laIKfhka u Y+kH ;;ajhla we;sjk nj ukdj wjfndaO
úh' fuu fudfydf;a isg is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a uki wdYap¾hj;a w;smsßisÿ
;;aFjhlg m;a jqKs' lh mej;=K o" oekSu Y+kH h' lsisÿ ix{djlg
wef.a isf;ys /£ isàug fkdyels úh'
fuu m%{dj is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a Ôú;fha uy;a fmr,shla we;s lf<a
h' weh i;Hh we;s ieáfhka u oek .;a;d h' ú{dk Odrdj we;s lrk
ix{d udhdldÍ nj o tu udhdldÍ ;;aFjh u; ilia jk ms<sl=,a iy.;
iy wdl¾IKSh yeÕSï ñ;Hdjka njo wehg jegyqKs' ukdm wukdm
is;sú,s fol u isf;ys m;=f,ys wjHla;j kdurEmhka úlD;s lr ú{dk
Odrdj Tiafia mek ke.=Kq ix{d nj wehg jegyqKs'
tu ix{djkays i;H ;;a;ajh jegyqKq l, tu ix{djkays lsisÿ

jákdlula o ke;s neõ wjfndaO úh' túg ix{djkays u;=msáka fmfkk
f,dalh úkdY ù hhs' tajdg wE ;=< ;snQ we,au o ta iu. u ke;s ù .sfha
h' uki úiska ks¾udKh l< ish¨ ix{djka ke;s jQ l, tu rEmhkag
;snQ we,Su o ke;s ù .sfha h' bkaøshkaf.ka we;slrk iEu ;;aFjhkaf.ka
u wef.a uki wE;a jQ l< wef.a udkisl ;;aFjh .ïNSr jQ Ydka; jQ
wjia:djlg m;ajQ njla wehg jegyqKs'
wjidkfha YÍr ix{d k.ak tajd jqj o wef.a ukfia ú{dk jmißfha
mej;=fKa ke;' wef.a ukfia lsisÿ rEmhla yevhla ;Èka w,a,d .ekSu
i|yd fkd /÷Kq fyhska weh rEm we;s ;,hl lsisod fkd WmÈk njg
is,a ud;d ldhsõ jgyd wjfndaO lr .;a;d h' idudkH ukil mj;akd
fN!;sl rEm ix{d iy rEm iïnkaê; iSud iïmQ¾Kfhka wfydais ù
f.dia h' wehg weh Èh ù .shdla fuka oekqKs' m%idrKh ù wka yeu
jia;=jla iu. ñY% jQjd fia yeÕ=Ks' úYajh;a iu. tlajQjd yd iudk
yeÕSuls ¦ we;=<; ;ekam;a h ¦ Ydka; h ¦ ndOdjkaf.ka f;dr h ¦
lsisjlg hg;a j fkd mj;sk njls ¦ W;a;Í;r Y+kH;djhls ¦ msßisÿ h¦
m%Ndiajr h ¦ ksi, h'
163
mdßY=oaO;ajh
l=¿÷,a ukfia i;Hh iajNdjhhs
th ÿn, jkqfha n,y;aldrfhka we;=¿ jk
ndysr wruqKq uki ms<s.kakd fyhsks'
fodïkia fidïkia yeÕSï Wmojd
ta u; ;j ;j;a is;sú,s f.dv kxjd
ukfiys i;H iajNdjh wkaO lrjk ;=re mj;ajdf.k hhs'
ukfia m%Ndiajr mú;%;ajh
is,a ud;d ldhsõg wh;a l=áh" ilauka u¿j" ufyda.ks .i hg ;ekQ

l=vd ueiai jir mqrd wef.a fkdfjkia ñ;=frda jQy' wfkla is,a ud;djka
iuyr i;r fmdfydh Èkhkays § wdpd¾h uyd fndajd ysñ neye oelSug
.sh o" is,a ud;d ldhsõ Tjqkg tla fkd jQjd h' tu Èk jljdkq ;=< § o
wef.a Ndjkd mqyqKqj ;Sj% lr .ksñka jeä ÈhqKq l<d h' Ndjkd mqyqKqj
i|yd ojfia jeä ld,hla lem ùfuka fhfoõj o wdpd¾h uyd fndajd
ysñg wE ;=< ;snQ w;suy;a lD;{;d mQ¾jl f.!rjh ì|la j;a wvq fkd
ù h' iEu Èkl u WoEik weh Wkajykafia fjkqfjka l=vd n;a uq,la
iy nq,;a mqjla u,a,la ilid ms<sfh, l<d h' Èkm;d Wkajykafiag
odkh /f.k f.dia ms<s.ekaùug tla is,a ud;djla kï l<d h' uyd
fndajd ysñg odkh weh fm!oa.,sl j /f.k .sfha b;d l,d;=rlsks' tfia
.sh Èkj, § mjd Wkajykafia iu. idlÉPd lsÍug .; lf<a b;d ál
fõ,djls'
wdpd¾h uyd fndajd ysñf.a wdrKHh msysgd ;snqfKa k.rhg

Bidk foisks' is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a wdrKHh Bg ie;mqï folla wE;ska
msysgd ;snqKs' ndka yqwdhs idhs msysáfha yß ueo h' wdpd¾h uyd fndajd
Wkajykafiaf.a yqol,d pdßld .ek lsisfjl=g fkd lSj o is,a ud;d

ldhsõ Wkajykafiaf.a .uka ìuka .ek wef.a wdOHd;añl Yla;sh ;=<ska
oek isáhd h' Wkajykafia wdrKHfhka msg j .sh Èkh iy kej;
wdrKHhg taug kshñ; Èkh weh fyd|ska oek isáhd h' wdpd¾h uyd
fndajd ysñ" wrKska msg jQ l< wjg mßirh wuq;= YS;,lska msfrk nj
wehg yefÕk nj o udi .Kkla Wkajykafia msgj isáh;a kej;
meñfKk úg mßirh wjg wuq;= WIaK;ajhla me;sfrk nj o weh
mejiqjd h' YS;, iy WKqiqu wehg yeÕ=fKa ndysr j we;s jQ ix{d
fya;=fjks ¦ kuq;a wjfndaOh mek ke.=fKa yoj; ;=<ska h'
wdpd¾h uyd fndajd ysñ wdrKHfhka msgj f.dia we;s neõ oek.;a
jyd u is,a ud;d ldhsõ Wkajykafia fjkqfjka n;a iy nq,;a mqjla
iQodkï fkd lrk f,ig wfkla is,a ud;djkag oekajQjd h' udi lSmhla
miq jqj o fndajd ysñ kej; tk neõ oek .;a jyd u weh tu oE ms<sfh,
lrk f,ig fidfydhqß is,a ud;djkag Wmfoia ÿkakd h' wdpd¾h uyd
fndajd f;reka jykafia wdrKHfha jev isák wjia:djkays fnß jQ n;a
idudkHfhka Wkajykafia i|yd ms<sfh, flßKs'
kuq;a pdßldjka ksu ù Wkajykafia kej; wdrKHhg tk Èkfha §

fnß fkd lr úfYaI l%uhlg n;a ms<sfh, lsÍug Tjqkg Wmfoia ÿkakd
h' tjka Èkhkays mdkaoßka n;a nq,;a /f.k hk is,a ud;djkaf.ka ;uka
wdrKHhg tk Èkh oek .;af;a flfia oehs Wkajykafia úuiQy' fmr
Èk rd;%f s ha Wkajykafia wdrKHhg meñKs nj oek .ekSug lsif s jl=g
ld,hla ke;s neõ Wkajykafia okakd fyhska tfia úuiQy' is,a ud;dfjda
Wkajykafiaf.a meñKSu .ek is,a ud;d ldhsõ Tjqkg oekajQ nj;a tneúka
iqmr
q eÿ wdydr f.k taug Wmfoia ,o nj;a oekajy
Q ' fuh fndfyda wjia:dj,
isÿ úh' Wkajykafia hk tk Èkhka oek.ekSfï yelshdjla wehg ;snK q 's
th lsis Èkl jerÿfKa ke;'
ukfia ffki¾.sl j mj;akd mú;%;ajh Wmfhda.s fldgf.k" tlla

miqmi tlla Èj hk úfYaIs; ú{dkuh ix{d u.ska" úúO udkisl isoaëka
úu¾Ykh lrk wdldrh ldhsõ is,a ud;dj oek isáhd h' mú;% ukila
;=<ska ksrdhdifhka u .,d hk ú{dkh ix{d ìys lsÍfï l%shdldß;ajh
h:d¾:h oelSfï Yla;sh wvx.= ukfia w;smßY=oaO idrh ( ukfia m%Ndiajr mú;%;ajh 165
isÿ lrk neõ weh oek isáhd h' tu ls%hdj,sfha § tla tla ix{djka
y÷kajd foñka" tajdg w¾:l:k foñka l%shdldÍ fõ' tys uQ,drïNh jQfhaa
ksi, mú;% uki h' tksid is; m;=f,a .eUqre ksi, mú;% ksOdkfha isg"
hka;ñka fi,ù wdrïN jk ú{dkh" u;=jk fudfyd;g weh wjOdkh
fhduq l<d h'
iEu Ñ;a;laIKhla fyda yeÕSula fyda oefkk laIKsl fudfydf;a

§" uki ;=< isyska ;rx.hla isyska j u;=lr" talaIKfhka u w;=reoyka
fõ' fuu tla tla ;rx.hka fjk fjk u .;a l, tajdfha lsisÿ w¾:hla
fkdue;' tu ;rx. úÿ,s ierhla fia zoekSulaZ we;slr" i,l=Kla fkd ;nd
w;=reoyka fõ' wiïmQ¾K woyia" ixiaLdr uQ, Od;=" laIKhla laIKhla
mdid u;= fjñka wdrïNhla iy wjidkhla meyeÈ,s j fmkajñka .sks
mqmqre fia l%shd;aul fõ' kuq;a tla tla Ñ;a;laIKfhka okjk ye¢kaùu
uki ;=< fiñka l%shd;aul fõ' mQ¾K ixl,amuh ix{djla f.dv ke.Sug
m%:u ú{dk Odrdj fufia óÿula f,iska fudfyd;ska fudfyd; ilia
fõ' fufia we;s fjù ke;s fjù l%shd;aul jk u;lh iy Ñ;a;laIK
mqoa.,fhl=f.a meje;aula we;s nj ujd mdhs'
iajdNdúl j fudfyd;ska fudfyd; is;l we;sjk ke;sjk

udkisl ixisoaëka ixl,amuh ix{d we;s lrhs' fuu udkisl ixisoaëka
yg wjfndaO {dkhla fkdue;' tkuqÿ fuu ixisoaëka .ek ksjerÈ
wjfndaOhla ,nd .; yelafla ukfia mú;%;djh ;=<ska h' fuh h:d
;;aFjh úksúo oel we;sjk wjfndaOhhs' mú;% uki oaú;aj l%shdj,shla
fkd fõ ¦ th tl u il%Sh h:d¾:hls' yoj; m;=f,ka wdrïNjk ú{dk
Odrdj oaúixl,amhla udhdldÍ j u;= lrhs - we;=<; iy msg; - oek.kakd
foh iy oek.kakd mqoa.,hd'
rEm iy ixl,am ixisoaëka ilia jkqfha ú{dk Odrdfõ l%shdldß;ajh

fya;= fldg f.k h' iEu i;a;ajfhl=f.a u is;l mj;sk ishqï fudayh
fya;= fldg f.k rEm iy ixl,am y÷kd .ekSfï wjfndaOh ú{dkfha
ks¾udKhkag wdl¾IKfhka wef,a' mqoa.,fhla h" i;aFjfhla h"
hkqfjka ;Èka w,a,d .kakd uki Tyq ;=< wd;au ixl,amh we;s lrhs'
kuq;a is;sú,s iy yeÕSï ukfia ilia jQ O¾u;djhka h ¦ ukfia mú;%
idrh fkd fõ' ukfia mú;%;ajh ú{dk Odrdjg tla jQ l, wmsßisÿ

ix{duh ixisoaêhla f.dv k.hs' wd;au hk ix{duh O¾u;djh oeä j
.%yKh lr .ekSfï wruqK fya;=fjka mek ke.=Kls'
mú;% uki" rEmhkaf.ka iukaú; fkd jk nj;a ix{djka j¾Okh

fkd lrk nj;a" is,a ud;d ldhsõ oek .;a;d h' mú;% ukiska" tkï
iïud i;sfhka isf;ys my<jk ixisoaëka foi ksrdhdifhka n,d isák
l,ays ix{d mdol fldg we;sjk ixialdrj,ska weh ksoyia jQjd h'
ixialdr we;slr uki ;=< iaÓr meje;aula we;s lsÍug fmr weh bka
ksoyia jQjd h' ix{d u; ixl,amkdjka fyda is;sú,s iïmQ¾K j ilia
ùug fmr fhdaksfid ukisldrh fhdojd u;=ùug wd is;sú,s w; yer
Y+kH ;;aFjhlg hEug bv yeßhd h' wjidkfha" w; yeÍfï .=Kdx.h
j¾Okh jQ mú;% ukfia l%shdldß;ajh b;d m%n, j l%shdlrkakg úh'
tfia l%shdlrñka is; ;=< ;Èka ld je§ug h;ak ork is;sú,s" ukisldr
ta ta fudfydf;a u wfydais lrñka yeÕSï ke;s Y+kH ;;a;ajhlg is;
f.k hEug yels úh'
fuu wjia:dj t<UqKq l< is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a uki ix.%du

N+ñhlg mßj¾;kh úh' ú{dk n,fiakd fndfyduhla we,Sï iys;
j jglr f.k we;' tajd u¾okh lrñka uki ;=< lsisjla b;sß fkd
jk fia jkid Y=oaO l<d h' wiSñ; rEm l,dm u;= fjù toa§" .eUqre
Y+kH;djh tajd Èhlr yeßfha h' tfia fyhska ukfia h:dN+; {dkh
iEu fudfyd;l § u mú;% j m%NdYajr j bÈßfhka isáfha h'
fudayfhka jgjQ udkisl ixisoaëka m%{dfjka úksúo olsoa§ mú;%

oekSu ish¨ ixl,amhka w; yer oeó h' ta yeu ixl,amkdjla u ukfiys
we;sjQ wk¾: ix{d ;rx.hka muKls' udkisl jYfhka tu ix{d flfia
u;= ù meñKsh;a ta yeu rEmhla u ixL; h" ilia jQ rEmhka h' Y+kH
lrd hk ukfia iïu; l%shdj,sh h' úfYaI;ajhla fkdue;'
l,am .Kkla ixidrh mqrd wE iu. meñKs ixl,amkd ks¾udKh

jQ l%uh wef.a Ndjkdj ;=<ska is,a ud;d ldhsõ úkdY lr oeuqjd h'
ksrdhdifhka WmÈk isysh hkqfjka olajk lsisÿ is;sú,a,lg ke.S isàug
h:d¾:h oelSfï Yla;sh wvx.= ukfia w;smßY=oaO idrh ( ukfia m%Ndiajr mú;%;ajh 167
fyda ilia ùug fyda bvla fkd ,oafoa h' wef.a is; ;=< fï jk úg
ksrdhdifhka l%shd;aul jk h:dN+; {dkh msßisÿ h' udhdldÍ fkdjk
wjOdkhls' msßisÿ j m%{dj biau;= lr ÿkakls' we;a; we;s ieáfha
olsk m%{dfjka uki ;=< ilia jk ukisldrhkays wd;au ixl,amhla
fkdue;s neõ oek .kakd úg tu is; we,Sula fkdue;s úuqla;shla lrd
is; u fufyhjhs' isf;ys wjOdkh flájk úg isf;ka W;amdokh
jk ;rx. o wvq ù iSñ; fõ' is,a ud;d ldhsõ ;u is; ;=<ska WmÈk
ix{duh ixisoaëka we;a; jYfhka l%shd;aul jk whqre úu¾Ykh fldg
fyd|dldr j oek .;a;d h' mú;% m%Ndiajr is; tfia WmÈk ix{d iu.
lsisÿ iïnkaO;djhla we;s fkd lr .kakd nj weh ;rfha oek .;a;d
h' is;sú,s iy ixl,amkd is; ;=<ska u;=ùu iïmQ¾Kfhka u k;r úh'
h:d N+; {dkfhys muKla is; r|jd ;eìK'
w;sYhska ishqï mú;% wjfndaOhla yer uq¿ úYajfha u me;=reKq iïud

i;shls' lsisjla fmfkkakg fkdue;' ld,h iy wjldYh ilia ùu
wnnjd .sh ukils' uq¿ úYajh u úksúo olsk we,Sulska f;dr §ma;su;a
jQ úYañ; Y+kH jQ mú;%;ajhls' lsisjla fkd mejf;k nj yÕjk tfy;a
ishqï oekSula muKla mj;skakls' isf;ys mú;%;ajh fuf;la l,a jid
isá ish,af,ka msßisÿ jQ wef.a uki i;H jQ Ñ;a; n,h wkdjrKh lr
ÿKs'
fudayh okjk flf,ia iïmQ¾Kfhka u úkdY l< úg wef.a

uki w;sYhska §ma;su;a jQ kHIaáhlg tl;= úh' flfkl= fudaykhlg
m;alrjk ;rï jQ ukfia we;sjQ tu m%n, m%Ndiajr w;sW;alDIag ;;aFjh"
ÿla ke;slsÍu i|yd weh fuf;la l,a ú¢ ÿIalr ld,h ksu jQfha hhs
yÕjk mKsúvh iaÓr jYfhka u ,enqfKa hhs wehg jegyqKs' wd;au
ixl,amh ilia lsÍug n,mdk ish¨ u lreKq w; yeßhdg miqj wef.a
is; ueo b;sß jQfha w;sYhska m%Ndiajr jQ ;;aFjhla muKs' jpkska f;areï
lr ú.%y lsÍug fkdyels ;rï wehf.a h:dN+; {dkh ;Sj% j ishqï j
l%shd;aul úh' w;sYhska ishqï §ma;su;a m%{djls' fuu wjia:dfõ fmr
w;a fkd ÿgq úYauhckl m%S;shla wef.a uki mqrd me;=reKs' tu i;=g
ixisoaëka ilia lrjñka Ôùka Wmoaojk ;;aFjfhka weh w;añÿKq nj
yÕjk m%S;su;a wjia:dj fuh nj wjfndaO úh' tu m%{df,dalh lsisÿ

wjodkulg ,la fkd jk wef.a uki mqrdu jEiaiqKq ;;aFjhls' lsisjlg
n,mEula l< fkd yels W;a;u ;,hls' is,a ud;d ldhsõ yg weh ksjka
uf.ys wjika ysKs fm;a;g ke.s nj ilaiqola fia wjfndaO úh'
169
laIKsl úo¾Ykd úÿ,s ierhlska

fudayh meyeÈ,s j ÿgq l,
fufia ÿla lkaordjlg hg ù we,S .e,S isàu .ek l<lsÍ
oeä j w,a,df.k isàu ,sys,a lrkq we;'
tu isis,a fudfyd; ;=< oS wm yoj;aj, oefjk .skaor wvq ù hhs'
túg yoj; ;=<ska iajdNdúlj u
ÿlska ñoSu u;= fõ'
u,ska msreKq ufyd.ks
1952 Tlaf;dan¾ ui ueo Nd.fha wef.a ilauka u¿j biau;af;a we;s

oejeka; ufyd.ks .i mqrdu u,a msmS wjg mßirh u §ma;su;a lrjk
o¾Ykhla ujd mEfõ h' tla iekaoEjl" tu u,ska msreKq .i hg bÈlr
;snQ ueiai u;" is,a ud;d ldhsõ jdä ù isáoa§ wef.a ldka;su;a ukig
woyila u;= ù wdfha h' weh uqyqK ÿka wNsfhda.h .ek wdpd¾h uyd
fndajd iajdóka jykafiag oekaùug iqÿiq ld,h meñK we;ehs is;=ú,a,la
u;=ù h' wehg fujka m%Ndiajr ukila ,nd .ekSug ffO¾h § wehj
Wkkaÿ lf<a Wkajykafia h'
Wkajykafia wE flfrys ;enQ úYajdih u;" weh ,o ch.%yKfha

u,am,j,ska ;u wdpd¾hjrhdg lD;.=K ie,lSfï ld,h meñK we;s
neõ wehg jegysKs' i;r fmdfydh Èkhkaf.ka tla fmdfydh Èkhla jQ
tÈk" ijia hdufha is,a ud;d ldhsõ ;j;a is,a ud;djka lsysm fofkl=;a
iu. ;u wdrKHfhka msg jQjd h' l=Uqre hdh woaorg meñKs is,a ud;d
lKavdhu ÿIalr nEjqï iys; lkao ke. wdpd¾h uyd fndajd ysñ jev
isá .,a f,k fj; meñKshy'
.,a f,k bÈßfha jdä ù isá uyd fndajd ysñ ÿgq is,a ud;d ldhsõ ;u
wdpd¾hka jykafiaf.a mduq, oKska jeà uy;a f.!rjhlska jkaokd l<d
h' wk;=rej i;=gq idóÑ l;dfjys fhÿKd h' iqyo flá idlÉPdjlska
miq" oE;a tlafldg ;u wdpd¾hhka jykafiag ysi kud je| f.k u
mdfmdÉpdrKhlg wjir me;=jd h' miq.sh jir ;=< wE ,o m%.;sh
mshjfrka mshjr b;d m%fõifuka úia;r l<d h' ixL; jia;+ka f.ka
mßndysr jQ uq¿ úYajh u úksúo oelsh yels §ma;su;a Y+kH;ajhla lrd .sh
wef.a uki .ek weh zisxy kdoZ l<d h'
wef.a iúia;r foaYkhg ijka §fuka wk;=rej wdpd¾h uyd fndajd

ysñ ysi Tijd ;ekam;a iajrfhka —tÉpr o @˜ hs weiqfõ h'
is,a ud;d ldhsõ ysi ie¨jd h'
wdpd¾h uyd fndajd uo fõ,djla ksy~ j isg wkqYdikdj wdrïN

lf<a h'
—udkisl ixisoaëka úu¾Ykh lroa§" Tn bka iïmQ¾Kfhka u

Tíng hñka úu¾Ykh fufyhjoa§" flf,ia wxY= b;sß j we;s ú{dkh"
§ma;su;a wjfndaOh msysgd we;s kHIaáh lrd f.k f.dia mú;% ukfia
iajNdjfhka u mj;sk m%Ndiajrh yd tla ù ñY% fõ' fufia we;sjk
m%Ndiajrh fldhs;rï jYS lrjk m%n, tlla oehs lshf;d;a ksrka;rfhka
l%shd;aul jk i;s bkaøsh iy m%{d bkaøsh mjd Bg jYS fõ' túg ukfia
we;sjk §ma;sh" meyeÈ,s nj wka lsisjla yd ixikaokh lsÍug neß ;rï
.re .dïNSr §ma;su;a meyeÈ,s njls' fuu §ma;su;a mú;%;ajh W;=ï YS,h
yd Wiia pß;j;a nj ixfla;j;a lrk wdOHd;añl WÉp;u m%S;shhs'
ta Tfí uq,a u wd;aóh yeÕSfï wdrïNhhs' Tnf.a mqoa., Ndjh okjk
kHIaáh hs'
kuq;a fï ishqï wd;aóh yeÕSu we;s fjñka ke;s fjñka Èfjk

ixidrhg we,Su we;s lrjk uQ,sl ksOdkh o fõ' fï fudfyd; jkúg
ukfia my< ù we;s m%Ndiajrh fj; flfkl= fmd,Ujd weo .ekSu" tu
i;a;ajhd wkka; jQ ixidr pl%fha bm§u Wmdodk lrñka urKh bjid
h:d¾:h oelSfï Yla;sh wvx.= ukfia w;smßY=oaO idrh ( u,ska msreKq ufyd.ks 171
ord .ksñka fkd kj;ajd /f.k hdug fya;= fõ' fuu uQ,sl we,Su
Tng wd;aóh ixl,amh frdamKh lrk uq,djhs" fudayhhs' ú{dkfha
wvx.= jk ish¨ u flf,iaj,g j. lsj hq;af;a fudayhhs' bka .e,ù
m,d hd yelafla o ú{dk Odrdj l%shd;aul jk fõ.h ;=<ska u h' fï
lafIa;%fha § fudayh w;sm%n, j md,kh lrhs' kuq;a i;sh iy m%{dj"
ú{dk l%shdldß;ajh wfydais lsÍug olaI jkafka kï" fuu msg;g m,d
hEu jid oeñh yel' tkï ixl,amkd u.ska we;slrk fudayh wl%sh ù
kj;S' fufia msg;g .,d hk ish¨ ud¾. lmd úkdYfldg wl%sh l<
miq" is; wNHka;rfha l%shdldÍ ùug fudayhg wjldYhla fkd ,efí'
kuq;a ish,a, okakd {dkh mj;sk tu §ma;su;a kHIaáhg nf,ka tl;=
fõ' fuu ish,a, okakd kHIaáh Y+kH jQ §ma;su;a ;ekls' uú;hg m;a
lrjk m%n, ;ekls'
kuq;a fuu §ma;su;a Y+kH;djh ks¾jdKfha w;aolsk Y+kH;dj hhs

jrojd fkd is;sh hq;=hs'
fuu wjia:d fol oyj, iy rd;%sh fuka f,dl= fjkila we;'

§ma;su;a uki" ksrka;rfhka we;s ùfï pl%h l%shd;aul lrk wdrïNl
ukihs' kuq;a bm§u iy urKfhka ksoyia jQ w;smsßisÿ ukfia idrh th
fkdfõ' tu §ma;sh b;d ishqï jQ iajdNdúl ;;aFjhls' taldldr j mj;sk
meyeÈ,s §ma;sh" Y+kH ;;a;ajhla we;ehs hk yeÕSu we;s lrhs' fuu
;;aFjh kdu rEm iajNdjh we;s ùug m%:u Tnf.a iajNdjhhs'
kuq;a Tn ;ju ksjkg meñK ke;'
fuh h:dN+; wjfndaOh muKla m%lg j we;s w;sYhska msßisÿ ukfia

tla úYauhckl" W;=ï wjia:djls' wjidkfha § uki ish¨ rEm iy
ix{djkag we;s we,Su w;ayeßh miq" h:dN+; {dkh w;smsßisÿ ;;aFjhka
we;slr .kS' th ish,a, w;yer we;' kuq;a th' w;a yer ke;'
úksúo .sh fudayh we;s j tys i;H ;;aFjh fkd oek zthZ tys u
/£ isà' fï fya;= fldg f.k fuu §ma;su;a h:dN+; idrh" b;d ishqï
wd;aóh ;;aFjhlg Tn fkd oek u jeà we;'
fuu wjia:dfõ w;aolsk m%S;sh iy §ma;sh" ukfia wixL; idrhla

hhs úYajdi lsÍug Tn fkd oekqj;a j u fm<fò' fudayh fya;=fjka
fufia iEÿKq zixL; idrhZ fudayh .ek ;elSula fkd lr" Tn fuu
Yla;su;a uki wjidk m%;sM,h hhs jrojd ms<s.kS'
Tn fuu wjia:dj ksjk hhs úYajdi lrhs'
ish,a, m%ySK l< mdßY=oaO ukfia Y+kH;dj hhs Tn jrojd

ms<s.kS'
kuq;a Tn fufia w;a ú¢k Y+kH;djh §ma;sh meyeÈ,s nj iy

m%S;sh hkdÈh ;ju;a fudayfhka ne¢ b;d ishqï wjia:djka h' Tn fuu
Y+kH;djh b;d m%fõYfuka úo¾Ykdfjka ,;a msßisÿ wjOdkh tys u
r|jd ;Sj% j n,d isáhfyd;a th" ûki tjlg m;aj we;s ;;aFjh& we;a;
jYfhka u taldldr j fkd ;sfnk nj;a iaÓr j mj;skakla fkd jk
nj;a fmfkkq we;' fuu ;;aFjh fudayfha uQ, îc we;slrk" b;d ishqï
ixialdrhkaf.a l%shdldß;ajhla fya;=fjka we;s lrjk Y+kH;djhls'
iuyr úgl tys hdka;ug fi,ùula we;s lr fjkia ùula we;s lrk
njla fmfka' ukfia fuu ;;aFjh o jyd fjkia jk iq¨ ;;aFjhla nj
Tng jegySug tu fi,ùu m%udKj;a h' ish,a, ixL; ixisoaëka fyhska
b;d ishqï fjkiaùï mjd wkdjrKh lr .; yel' fudk ;rï ishqï
§ma;su;a .ïNSr ;;aFjhla we;s jqj;a tys wiaÓr jQ wks;H jQ ,laIK
wksjd¾hfhka my< lrhs'
fuh ks¾jdKh kï" ukfia we;s jQ fuu msßisÿ wdl¾IKSh ;;aFjh

fjkiaùïj,g Ndck jk nj fmkakqï lrkafka l=ulg o @ th ks;H j
mj;sk i;H jQ ;;aFjhla fkd fõ' §ma;su;a wdf,dalh úysfok kHIaáh
foi wjOdkh fhduq lrkak' fuu §ma;su;a wdf,dalhg we;af;a o wks;H
,laIKhkau h' jy jyd fjkia jk wiïmQ¾K wiaÓr ;;aFjhls' ksjka
u. toa§ Tn jßka jr w; yer oeuQ wka iEu udkisl ixisoaêhla fuks'
fjkilg we;af;a Tn tys olsk ldjÈk §ma;sh" wka iEu wdf,dalhlg
u jvd m%Ndiajr nj muKls'
lsisjla ke;s ysia ldurhl yß ueo Tn isgf.k isákjd hhs is;kak'

Tn jg msg n,oa§ Tng fmfkkafka yeu w;ska u ysia jQ ldurhls' yeu
;ek u ysia h' Tn yer wka iEu ;ek u ysia h' Tn jgd we;s uq¿ ldurh
u ys ysia h' ldurfha yß ueo Tn isgf.k wjg we;s ysia nj w.hñka isà'
kuq;a Tn tys isák nj Tng wu;l úh' ldurfha yß ueo we;s bfvys
Tn isgf.k isà' túg ldurh ysia jkafka flfia o@ lõre fyda tu
ldurfha /£ isák ;dla ta ldurh ysia ke;' we;af;ka u ysia ldurhla
njg m;a jkqfha Tn ldurfhka msg jQjdg miq j nj Tng jegysh hq;=
h' Tn ;=< we;s fudaydêl wd;aóh ixl,amh m%ySK jkafka fufia wE;ajQ
fudfydf;ys § h' ù;fuday jQ" mú;% jQ ksoyia ukila we;sjkafka fï
fudfydf;ys § h' is;" iEu udkisl ixisoaêhla u w; yer W;a;Í;r
Y+kH;djg f.k wd l," tu Y+kH;djfha úiañ; nj w.h lrñka i;=gq
jkakd ;ju;a fkd keiS Ôj;a fõ'
fuu wd;au ix{dj fudayfha m%d:ñl wjia:djhs'

fuu meje;au"
§ma;su;a ishqï Y+kH ukil
iy
ù;fudayS jQ f,daflda;a;r Y+kH ukil
fjki meyeÈ,s j ksrEmKh lrhs'
uu uf.a hk wd;aóh is;sú,a, uyd m<sfndaOhls' th is£ ì£

w;=reoyka jQjdg miq lsisÿ m<sfndaOhla b;sß fkdfõ' f,daflda;a;r
Y+kH;djh Èia fõ' ysia ldurhla ;=< isák ñksid fiau" is; i;H
jYfhka u Y+kH jkqfha zwd;auZ ixl,amh ioyg u ;=rka jQ miqj h'
fuu f,daflda;a;r Y+kH;djh mQ¾K" iaÓr Y+kH;djhls' ish,a, iaÓr
j w;yeß wjia:djhs' tu ;;aFjh ta wdldrfhka u bÈßhg mj;ajdf.k
hEug lsisÿ fjfyila .; hq;= ke;'
fudayfha ffki¾.sl ,laIKh" wkaO wi;H wjfndaOhla ,nd

§uhs' fudayh §ma;su;a j fmkS isáñka" meyeÈ,s f,i iy m%S;su;a j
fmkSisáñka wm ieu u rjghs' jHdc j fmkS isà' tksid fudayhg"
zwd;auZ ixl,amfhys /f|ñka" wdrlaId iy.; j mej;Sfï ÈjH f,dalh

thhs' fuu jeo.;a wjia:dfõ mj;sk ishü jákd ,laIK o" b;d ishqï
j l%shdldÍ jk fya;= M, l%shdj,shl ;j;a m%;sM,hls' úuqla;sfha i;H jQ
Y+kH;djh mj;skqfha ishü ixL; O¾uhka wfydais jQ úg h'
Tn kej; yeÍ meyeÈ,s wjfndaOfhka tfoi n,d jgyd .;a úg

ñ:Hd wjfndaOh tflfKys u w;=reoyka fõ' fudayh" Tnj m%fndaOj;a
lrñka §ma;su;a j fmkS isáñka" Tfí ksjerÈ oelau wkdÈu;a ld,hla
j,dl=<lska jidf.k isáñka Tnj rjgd we;'˜
is,a ud;d ldhsõ ;u wdrKHhg meñKs miq tÈk iji Ndjkdjg

fhduq jQjd h' ukfia §ma;su;a nj ,enqjdg miq tu uki weÈ we§ wehg
we,Sula we;s l< whqre úu¾Ykh l<d h' ukfia §ma;sh weh w.h
l<d h' tfuka u wdrlaId l<d h' Bg ndOd lsÍug weh i;=gq fkd
jQjd h' wehf.a uq¿ lh;a is;;a .;a l, ukfia we;sjQ §ma;sh ;rï
w;sYhska jeo.;a fohla wehg fkd;snqKs' wef.a is;" wNHka;rfha úiañ;
;;aFjhla mj;ajd f.k hEug Wkkaÿ lr ù h' thg ;Èka we,S isàu
wdrlaIs; iqkaor yeÕSuls' wka lsisjla thg ndOd lsÍu .ek weh wi;=gq
jQjd h'
ish,a, okakd {dkh mj;S hhs" fudayh ksid /jà isá is,a ud;d
ldhsõg tu §ma;su;a ukfia l%shd;aul jk we;a; ;;a;ajh .ek úuid
ne,Sug wu;l úh' ukfia úIh Odrdj" is; ;=<g fhduq jQ úg oeä
§ma;su;a kHIaáhl talrdYS úh' th /ia úysÿjk wdf,dalhls" i;=g
okjk §ma;shls" meyeÈ,s h' iEu Ñ;a; ixialdrhla u wdrïN jQfha fuu
flakaøfhka h' ffp;isl ilia jQfha t;ek h' yeu i;=gla u t;ekg
talrdYS jQ njla wehg yeÕ=K's tksid yeu l,ays u §ma;u
s ;a j meyeÈ,s j
fmkqKq wef.a yoj;a flakøa h ks¾jdKh hhs weh jrojd úYajdi l<d h'
kuq;a tu kHIaáh i;H jYfhka u ÿla yg .ekSfï flakaøh nj

weh oeka iaÓr j jgyd .;a;d h'
tä;r j fkdie,S Ndjkdjg kej; jdäjQ is,a ud;d ldhsõ b;d

iQlaIu f,i wef.a ukfia my< jk úYañ; §ma;sh .ek úu¾Ykhl
fhÿKd h' tu §ma;sh wiaÓr oehs .eUqßka úuiqjd h' uq,§ tu §ma;sh
ksle,e,a" ndOd rys; w;sYhska mú;% njla fmkaù h' kuq;a ;Sj% j tfoi
oeä wjOdkfhka n,d isáoa§ jßka jr ta yd iudk ishqï w÷rla o u;= ù
wjq;a tu §ma;sh ;=<ska ,nd ÿka wjfndaO Tmh fl,ik nj weh ÿgqjd
h' fuu wl%uj;a fi,fjk ;;aFjh" iEySulg m;a fkdjk wiaÓr njla
u;= lrk nj wehg jegyqKs' yo m;=f,a §ma;sh foi ;j ÿrg;a oeä
wjOdkfhka n,d isáoa§ tu ishqï fi,ùu wehg wiq úh' thska wehf.a
ielh ;yjqre jQ w;r oeä wêIaGdkhlska ;j;a bÈßhg hEug wehj
Wkkaÿ lf<a h' bka miqj weh tlS fi,ùu .ek úfYaI wjOdkhla
oelajQ w;r ta i|yd .;jk ld,h .ek lsisÿ yeÕSula wehg fkdù h'
wehg Èjd ld,h .ek wu;l úh' ksod .kakd fõ,dj wu;l úh' ;jo"
weh fld;rï fjfyiS isáfha o hkak .ekj;a l,amkdjla fkd ù h'
fufia weh Èk .Kkdjla fjfyiqKd h' weh w;aÿgq §ma;su;a wjfndaOh
laIh ù ke;s ù hk ;=re" tys hdka;ñka isÿjk ishqï fi,ùu .ek b;d
oeä iqmÍlaIdfjka ld,h .; l<d h'
1952 fkdjeïn¾ ui 1 fjks Èk w¨hu ysre ke. toa§ is,a ud;d

ldhsõ yg wef.a lh fjfyig m;a jQ njla oekqKs' iïud i;sfhka
hq;=j weh meh .Kkdjla wehf.a ilauka m:fha mdjyka ke;sj ilauka
Ndjkdfjys fh§ we;' NslaIQka jykafia,dg wdydr ms<sfh, lsÍug
l=iaishg hEug m%:u ál fõ,djla úfõl .;fyd;a fyd| hhs wE is;=jd
h' w¨hu ysre ke.S tkjd;a iu.u úys§ tk uq,au ysre lsrK ufyda.
ks .i uqÿkg jeà ly mdg u,a kyjd mqnqÿ lf<a h' weh fiñka fiñka
ufyd.ks .i hg ;ekQ WKnïnq ueiai fj; md k.d" ta u; jdä ù lsisÿ
fi,ùula ke;sj iefyk fõ,djla isáhd h' lsisÿ wruqKlg is; fhduq
fkd l< o we;af;a Ydka; njls' ksi, h' .eUqre h' fuu fudfydf;a
lsisjla bÈßhg .sfha ke;' lsisjla wdmiaig wdfõ o ke;' lsisjla iaÓr j
msysáfha o ke;' Bg miqj isysh we;s nfjls" kuq;a úfYaI fohla fkd okS'
Y+kH;djhl /£ isà' fuf;la l,a weh iq/ls isf;ys §ma;sh laIKfhka
u;= ù ke;sù .sfha h' yoj; mqrd ish,a, okakd w;smdßY=oaO oekSula"
wjfndaOhla u;= ù me;sÍ úYajh mqrd úisÍ .sfha h' wjfndaO lrkakd iEu
;ekl u bkakd nfjls ( kuq;a oek.;a fohla ke; ( lsisÿ ,laIKhla
fkdue; ¦ uQ,dY%hla fkdue; ¦ ksOdkhla fkdue; ¦ úfYaIs; jQ ;eklska

mgka .ekaula o fkdue; ¦ uq¿ úYajfha u ksrka;rfhka me;sr mj;sk
wjfndaOhla muKs' §ma;su;a j mej;s iú{dkh fudfyd;lska Èh ù
w;=reoyka j we;' ukfia mú;%;ajh b;sßj we;' mdßY=oaO O¾ufha idrh
iy ksoyi muKla b;sß lr we;' fudkhï whqrlska fyda ilia ùulg
hg;a fkd jqKq oekSula muKs' fudku wdldrhl ukqIH ixl,amkhlska
Wmdodkhlska f;dr m%;sikaêhlska neyer jQ oek .ekSuls'
wjfndaOhls'
is; lh iy h:dN+; {dkh hk yeu
meyeÈ,s h:d¾:hka h'
taldka;fhka ish,a, u okS'
mGú-fmdf<dj" wdfmd-c,h" f;fcd-WKqiqu" jdfhd-jd;h
rEm" fõokd" ix{d" ixialdr" ú{dk ¦
rEm" Yío" .kaO" ri" iam¾Y" yeÕSï ¦
f,daN" oafõI" fuday
fï ish,a, okS'
fï iEu O¾u;djhla u h:dN+; j mj;sk whqre
uu oksñ'
kuq;a Tjqka iu. ud fudk;rï .egqk o"
Tjqkg uqyqK ÿkak o"
Tjqkg uf.a yoj;g n,mEï lsÍug
yels tla fudfyd;l=ÿ ug fidhd .; fkdyel'
Tjqka we;s fõ' Tjqka ke;s fõ'
yeu l,ays u Tjqka fjkia fõ'
kuq;a Tjqka mj;sk njg we;s oekSu
lsisúgl fudfyd;l=ÿ fjkia fkd fõ'
th iodld,sl j kQm§' tfuka u lsisodl fkd uef¾'
fï ÿla lkaordjl fl<jr h'
177
mú;%;ajh
179
ñksiaiq ksjka olskak ´kEh lshñka

fn,a, ßÿï fok ;=re
ksula ke;s wNHdjldYh foi n,d isá;s'
fldmuK fjfyi uykais ù wE; n,d isáh;a
ksjk tfia fidhd .; fkdyels nj
Tjqka oek .kafka ke;' fláfhka lshf;d;a
ksjk iïu; úIh m:h ;=< fidhd .; fkdyel'
.x.dj iy iuqøh
.x.dfjda fkd kj;ajd u uqyqo foig u .,d nis;s' Tjqkg wdfõKsl

yev ;, iy tla tla .x.dj y÷kajk kï o we;' fï yeu .x.djla u
uqyqog .,d f.dia uqyqÿ c,h yd tlg tlajQ l< Tjqkg fmr mej;s
fm!oa.,sl ye|skaùï ,laIK lsisjla fkd mj;S' .x.d c,h uy uqyqog
jegqK o" Tjqkf.a ,laIK uqyqfoa fkdue;' .Õ;a uqyqo;a tlla fkd fõ'
.x.d c,h uqyqfoa we;s neúka" fjkia jQjla o fkd fõ' tfuka is,a ud;d
ldhsõf.a mú;% jQ i;aFj mqoa., meje;au" ksula ke;s ne£ula ke;s uyd
id.rh jka ks¾jdKh iu. ixfhda. úh' mú;% meje;au fmr ;snQ mßÈ
u h' th fjkia jQfha ke;' kuq;a ksjfkys wvx.= mú;% O¾ufhys uQ,
Od;=j iu. fjka fldg y÷kd .; fkd yel' uqyqog tlajQ .x.d c,h
kej; .x.dj yd tla ùug fkd yelald fia ksjk yd ñY% jQ ukfia mú;%
jQ idrh" fmr mej;s fudaydêl wd;aóh ixl,amhg Ôjh ÿka ú{dkuh
ixisoaëka iu. kej; tla fkd fjkq we;'
ld,hla fkdue;s j¾;udkfhys muKla Ôj;a fjñka" w;S;hla yd

wkd.;hla ke;s" merKs l¾u úmdl fkd ú¢k mú;% idrhlska hq;a" kj
l¾uhka i|yd îc fkd jmqrk meje;auls' tys meje;au iksgqyka lsÍug
ishqï jQ i,l=Kl=ÿ fkd r|kq we;'
Èk .Kkla hk ;=re fuu W;=ï w¾y;a M, Ñ;a; iajNdjh is,a

ud;d ldhsõf.a wjOdkfhka neyer fkdù h' fuf;la l,a b;d w.fka
hhs is;+ ukfia §ma;sh w¾y;a M, is; yd ii|k l< fldhs ;rï r¿
ÿ¾j¾K iajdNdjhla oehs wehg jegyqKs' rka iy f.du jeks h'
wjidkfha § iajNdúl ú{dk l%shdj,sh ;=<ska ukfia mú;%

meje;afï idrh" kej; bkaøshhka f.ka ,nk oekSu iu. iy wef.a
fN!;sl lh iu. iïnkaO ùu wdrïN flreKs' f,!lsl f,dalfha wehj
bm§u iy urKh iu. fï jk úg;a n|jd ;nk idOl iu. iïnkaO
ù kej; wdrïN úh
is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a ú{dkh iy fN!;sl YÍrh" l,am .Kkdjla

uq¿,af,a f.k wd merKs l¾u úmdl fya;= fldg f.k fuf;la mj;sk
wjika fYaIh h' wehf.a lh iy ú{dkh fï wd;aufha urKfhka úkdY
jk;=re merKs l¾u úmdl w;a ú|skq we;' fïjdg we;s ish¨ u we,Sï
ks¾jdKh kue;s uyd id.rh yd ñY% jqj o lh iy uki tajdfha jmißh
;=< idudkH f,i È.g u l%shdldÍ fõ' tkuqÿ ukfia meje;au w;smsßisÿ
fyhska iEu ixialdrhla u ù; fudayh fmkajkakls' iEu fÉ;kdjla
u m%nqoaO w¾y;ajh lshdmdkakls' weh idudkH f,dalfha Ôj;a jkakshls"
kuq;a f,dalfhka Ôj;a jkakshl fkdfõ' is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a uki
f,!lsl wdYdjkag lsisÿ whqrlska fkd wef,k ukils'
wef.a is;;a lh;a merKs l¾u úmdl fya;=fjka weÈ we§ meñK
ilia jQjla fyhska ta wjq, ,syd wef.a fmr wd;au fudk fudk ;ekaj,g
f.k f.dia we;s oehs fidhd ne,Sug weh is;=jd h' wef.a Èjeia n,h
mdúÉÑ fldg uq,la fkdfmfkk wef.a fmr wd;au b;sydih foi is;
fhduq l<d h' fld;rï jdrhla weh bm§ weoao" fld;rï jdrhla weh ueÍ
weoao hkak fidhd n,oa§ weh uú;hg m;a úh' .Kka lsÍug fkdyels
;rï wiSñ; jdrhla ldu Njfha weh ießird we;' is,a ud;d ldhsõ w;
yer oeuQ u<isrere ;u rfgys w;=rejd ne¨jfyd;a ysia bvla fidhd .;
fkdyels jkq we;' tmuK jdrhla bmfoñka uefrñka fï .uk hEug
fldmuK ld,hla .; fjkakg weoa o@ bmÿKq jdr .Kk fyda uereKq
jdr .Kk fyda .Kka lsÍu lsisfia;a lsÍug wmyiq ld¾hhls' tfia
lsÍug fjr oeÍu o ksIaM, l%shdjls' wef.a w;S;h fidhd n,oa§ wehg
oeä ika;dmhla oekqKs'
mú;%;ajh ( .x.dj iy iuqøh 181
wehs uu fï ;rï jdr .Kkla ÿla ú|skak bmÿfKa @
kej; kej; bmfokakg wehs uu fï ;rï uykaishla oerefõ @
bkamiq weh f,dalfha ñksiqka w;yer oeuQ wkka; jQ u<isrere

foi wjOdkh fhduq l<d h' neÆ neÆ yeu w;u wehg Èia jQfha tlu
o¾Ykhls' ia;%s fõjd mqreI fõjd ieugu w;aù ;snqKq tlu brKu
bm§u iy urKhhs' iefjdu fuu l=ßre ixidr pl%hg wiqù we;' ta
w;ska yefudau tl iudk h' lsisfjl=g widOdrKhla whqla;shla isÿù
ke;' l¾u fya;= M, l%shdoduh Tjqka úúO wd;auj, Wmoaojñka urjñka
l%shd;aul lr we;' fndfyda wE;g uki úys¥ wehg ldu Njfha i;aFjhka
crdj iy urKh bÈßfha fm< .eiS talrdYS ù isák whqre wehg fmkqKs'
th wu;l fkdjk o¾Ykhls'
is,a ud;d ldhsõ ksrka;rfhka lreKdjka; h' wef.a ifydaor

ukqIH m%cdj wdOHd;añl jYfhka uqyqK md we;s brKu ms<sn| wkqlïmd
l<d h' kuq;a fï jk úg wef.a yoj; i;H jQ W;=ï O¾ufhka msÍ mej;s
fyhska weh ish¨ u udkqIsl ix{d u.ska ixialdr W;amdokh ùfuka
Tíng .sh ;eke;a;shls'
fï i;H O¾uh weh wkqkg flfia myod fokak o@ weh O¾uh

myod §ug uykais .;a; o" ñksiqka fudayfhka wkaO ù isáh § tjka
W;=ï mú;% ukila Tjqka flfia wjfndaO lr .kak o @ fuu O¾ufha
jákdlu f;areï f.k Bg weyqïlka §ug leu;s lSm fofkl= j;a
fidhd .ekSug wmyiq jkq we;' wef.a w;aoelSu .ek wkqkg lSug uq,
§ weh ;rula fm<UqKd h' .e,ùug ud¾.hla fidhd f.dia wehg ;ksj
u fíÍug yels jQ nj wkqkg lSug wehg is;a úh' tkuqÿ wehg bÈß
jir lSmh ;=< W;=ï yqol,dfjka hq;=j jdih lsÍug ksoyi ,enqfKa h'
uq¿ Ôú;h mqrd u weh fmreï mqrñka isá ksjk idlaId;a lsÍfuka weh
iEySulg m;a jQjd h' wkqkg W.ekaùfï ÿIalr ld¾hhg Wr § ta nr
bis,Sug fya;=jla weh kqÿgqjd h'
;j ÿrg;a fï .ek is; fhduq l< is,a ud;d ldhsõ yg nqÿka

jykafia;a" ÿlska ñ§ug .; hq;= ud¾.h lshd §ug Wkajykafia ÿka
mrudo¾Yh;a isys úh' f,daflda;a;r O¾uh;a" th jgyd .ekSug weh .;a

ud¾.h;a kej; i,ld neÆ wehg" wehf.a w;S;h wfkla whf.a Ôú;
yd ixikaokh lr ne,Sug bvla ,enqKs' weh l,ska isáfha o wka wh
jdf.a h' Tjqk o wE fuka ffO¾hj;a j wdOHd;añl ÈhqKqj lrd uki
fufyh jkafka kï ta we;a;kag o O¾ufha m%;sM, fk<d.; yels jkq
we;' f.!rjkSh f,i nqÿrcdKka jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO¾uh kej; kej;
isys l< is,a ud;d ldhsõ yg uq¿ f,dj mqrdu Ôj;ajk ñksiqkag fuu
O¾ufha w;HjYH;dj meyeÈ,s j f;areï .sfha h' ksjerÈ j O¾udkql+,
m%;sm;a;shlg wkqj mqyqKqjkakdf.a id¾:l wjidk m%;sM, o wehg
fmkqKs' fuu m%{djka; is;sú,s wehj Wkkaÿ lf<a h' weyqïlka §ug
leu;s whg Woõ lsÍug weh ;SrKh l<d h'
úuqla;sh lrd hEug is,a ud;d ldhsõ wjqreÿ folla muK" fndfyda
úg yqol,d j isáñka" tlu wêIaGdk is;lska hq;=j wLKav m%h;akhl
fhÿKd h' kuq;a oekg" weh is,a ud;d wdrKHfha tÈfkod jevm,j,g
fjkodg jvd ld,h fhdojñka iyNd.s jQjd h' wef.a wdOHd;añl
yelshdjka wdrKHfha wfkla is,a ud;djka o ÈhqKq lr.kq we;ehs weh
n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQ w;r Tjqkg yels whqßka u. fmkaùug weh iQodkï
jQjd h' is,a ud;d ldhsõ W.ekaùfï yelshdjka w;ska ÿ¾j, jQjd h'
weh .sys l," wE; .ul úiQ idudkH f.ú,shls' mdie,a fkd .sh kQ.;a
È<s÷ .DyKshls' olaI .=rejrfhl= fuka wkqkg W.ekaùfï l=i,;djh
wehg fkd ;snqKs' weh lÓl;ajfhka ÿ¾j, h' meyeÈ,s f,i WÉpdrKh
lrñka ;u woyia wkqkg ta;a;= .efkk fia lshd §ug weh wfmdfydi;a
jQjd h' l¾udkql+, j weh f,daflda;a;r ;,hlg m;a jqj o" idudkH .eñ
l;lf.a pß; ,laIK ta wdldrfhka u weh /l .;a;d h' weh fndfyda
úg ;u woyia m%ldY lf<a mQ ;dhs m%foaYfha Ndú;d l< m%dfoaYSh .eñ
jyfrks' wef.a woyia m%ldY lsÍu b;d u ir, jQ .eñ niska l< m%ldYhka
h' jHdc f,i woyia m%ldY lsÍu iy w;sYfhdala;sfhka ;u woyia lshd
mEu weh lsis Èkl fkd l<d h' tfia l;d lsÍug weh oek isáfha o
ke;' tksid wE ÿka Wmfoia Rcq h' ir, h' flá h' meyeÈ,s h' wef.a
ÿq~q ixlaIsma; meyeÈ,s lsÍï yoj; m;=,g u ld jÈk wdldrfha tajd
h' tfia u tu Wmfoia wikakdg o ;SrKhkag t<öug bv ie,fik fia
mú;%;ajh ( .x.dj iy iuqøh 183
ieliS ;sìKs' wjjdo ,nd .ekSug wE <Õg meñKs whf.a YS, .=Kh .ek
wehg ukd wjfndaOhla ;snqKs' tfiau tla tla wfhl=g wjYH úfYaIs;
WmfoaYhka .ek o weh ukd jegySulska hq;=j Wmfoia ÿkakd h'
tfia jqj o iuyre §¾> úia;r olajñka" wjYH wkjYH fndfyda lreKq
mg,jñka weiSug o mqreÿ j isáhy' i;Hh jgyd .kakd wh fndfyda úg
ksy~ nj weh oek isáhd h' i;Hh .ek jeämqr l;d lrk wh" u|la
oek f.dvla l;d lrk wh nj o weh oek isáhd h'
ndka yqwdhs idhs is,a ud;d wdrKHh hq;=lï follg ueÈ ù tajd
iunr j f.k .shd h' wdrKHfha Ndjkd mqyqKqj iy .eñ ck;dj i|yd
wd.ñl fiajdj fuu hq;=lï h' is,a ud;d ldhsõ fuu wjYH;d fol u
bgq lrñka fiajdfõ uOHia: j isáhd h' tla tla is,a ud;djf.a Ndjkd
m%.;sh .ek fidhd n,ñka Tjqkg fm!oa.,sl j Wmfoia foñka Wkkaÿ
l<d h' iEu mshjrla u iu¾: jQ ishü ndOl u¾okh lrñka bÈßhg
.sh flfkl= fia ieug wkqlïmdfjka wjYH Wmfoia ÿkakd h' lsisjlg
hg;a fkdjk pß; ,laIKhlska fyì is,a ud;d ldhsõ" wfkla is,a
ud;djkag wdo¾Yhla úh' tfuka u wE ,;a yelshdjka Tjqkg o ,nd .;
yels hhs lshd mdk iÔù idlaIshla o úh'
oYl lSmhl w;aoelSï ;=<ska ÿIalr .eñ Ôú;h .ek ukd wjfndaOhla
we;s weh úfYaIfhka .eñ ldka;djl tÈfkod uqyqK fok lgql Ôú;h
.ek b;d wkqlïmdfjka iy ffu;%s is;ska ne¨jd h' tÈfkod Ôú;fha
iq¿ iq¿ lreKq .ek weh Tjqkg b;d jákd m%{djka; wjjdo ÿkakd
h' Tjqka yd woyia yqjudre lr .;a weh Tjqkf.a wd;au f.!rjh o
rlsñka wod< .eg¨ úi|ñka wjYH Wmfoia ÿkakd h' wehf.a wjjdo
wkqYdikd ,nd .ekSug wdrKHhg meñKs whg wef.a mQckSh fmkqu
iy weh oelSfuka we;s jQ i;=g ;=<ska Tjqyq wuq;= u f,djlg f.k
.shy' wehf.a wjjdo f,!lsl f,dalfhka wE;g f.k hk tajd nj Tjqyq
oek isáhy' ;jo úfYaI lreKla úh' mshú weig fkdfmfkk fN!;sl
lhla fkdue;s i;aFjhkaf.a Y=NidOkh .ek o weh úfYaI Wkkaÿjla
oelajQjd h' uOHu rd;%sfha § fndfyda úg weh fjk;a f,dalj,ska meñKs
Ôùka jQ wuq;af;da o ms<s.;a;d h' fm%a; N+; f,dalj,ska meñKs Ôùka
yd iudk j ÈjH f,dalj,ska meñKs Ôùkag o iufia wjjdo Wmfoia

ÿkakd h' w;S;fha m%.=K l< ksy~ NdIdfjka Tjqka yd ióm idlÉPdj,
fhÿKd h' ukiska l< tu idlÉPd jpfkka flfrk idlÉPdj,g
jvd ;shqKq meyeÈ,s woyia yqjudrejla jQ fyhska wef.a ffu;%sh iy
lreKdj meyeÈ,s j Tjqkg jegyqfKa h' Tjqkg ÿka Wmfoia b;d Ydka;
j wjysrhlska f;dr j ishqï j .,d .sfha h' weh Wreu lr .;a fuu
úfYaI yelshdj ksid fjk;a f,dalj, Ôùkag fuu Ôú;h ksu jk ;=re
Wmldr ùu ;udf.a hq;=lula yeáhg weh ie,l=jd h' uy¨ j wikSm j
isáh;a weh tu hq;=lu fkd msßfy,d È.g u bgq l<d h'
185
wms bmÿK od isg <ud ld,h ksu ù

jeäúh meñfKk ;=re
wmf.a foudmshka iy .=rejreka hgf;a
yeoS jeã mßK; Ndjhg meñKsfhuq'
wm wo fï ;;aFjfha isákafka
Tjqka wmg wkqlïmdfjka oelajQ iydh ksihs'
wms Tjqkg uy;a fia Kh .e;s fjuq
Tjqkg lD;{ úh hq;=hs
ks¾f,daNS lD;{;djh
jir lSmhla hk ;=re wdpd¾h uyd fndajd iy Wkajykafiaf.a f.da,

msßi ndka yqwdhs idhs .u wjg jdih l< y' is,a ud;d ldhsõ" ish úfYaI
l=i,;d Yla;sfhka Wkajykafia,df.a hEï Bï .uka úia;r oek isáhd
h' 1953 jif¾ jia úiSu yudr jkjd;a iu.u wdpd¾h uyd fndajd ysñ
;u wdOHd;añl Yla;sfhka wkd.; isoaêhla ÿgqfõ h' OHdk n,fhka
wyig ke.s Wkajykafia wkq.dñlhka rdYshla weu;Sug iQodkï jQy'
my< neÆ Wkajykafia" ;u uy¨ wïud Wkajykafiag je| kuialdr
lrk whqre ÿgqfial' l÷¿ msß oEiska Wkajykafia foi tìlï lrñka
wehj wu;l lrk f,i b,a,d isáhd h'
—mqf;a WU ljodj;a wdmyq tkafk keoao @˜ hkqfjka m%Yak lrkakd

fia weh n,d isáhd h' Ndjkdfjka ke.S isá uyd fndajd f;rKqfjda
tu o¾Ykh .ek wdj¾ckh l<y' wïudg Woõ lsÍug ld,h <Õd ù
we;s nj;a weh wdOHd;añl udj;lg fhduq lr ùug iqÿiq ld,h fuh
nj;a Wkajykafiag jegyqfKa h' ;ud fjkqfjka fï wïud lr we;s
mß;Hd.hka .ek isys l< Wkajykafia ;u Wmka .ug hEug ;SrKh
l<y' tfia f.dia wjqreÿ yegla jhie;s wïud iqÿj;a y|sk is,a ud;djla
jYfhka iiqka.; lsÍug bgd .;a fial' wef.a b;sß Ôú; ld,h ;=<
wehg wdOHd;añl ÈhqKqjla i,id §ug Wkajykafia is;d .;ay' yksl
;u uEKshkag ,smshla hjñka" zuhs ÖZ is,a ud;djla jYfhka uyK ùug
uQ,sl lghq;= iQodkï lr.kakd fuka b,a,d isáhy'
wdpd¾h uyd fndajd ysñ Wkajykafiaf.a .ug jäk .ukg is,a ud;d
ldhsõ f;rKshg o iQodkï jk f,i mKsúv heù h' weh Wkajykafiaf.a
ujg b;du;au iqÿiq ñ;=ßhla jkjd fia u hym;a .=rejßhla o jk neõ
is;=fõ h' Ndjkd mqyqKqfõ wdrïNh ilid § Bg .=reyrelï §u i|yd
is,a ud;d ldhsõ yg mejßh yels nj o Wkajykafia l,amkd l<y'
wE ,o W;a;Í;r udkisl ÈhqKqfõ f.!rjh wdpd¾h uyd fndajd

uyd f;reka jykafiag ysñjk neõ o Bg lD; .=K ie,lSu wef.a
mru hq;=lula nj o is;d" tu b,a,Su w;suy;a f.!rjfhka ms<s.;a;d
h' tfia is;d ;j is,a ud;djka fofofkl= o legqj uyd fndajd ysñ iy
Wkajykafiaf.a msßjr iu. ndka ;dâ .u n,d hk §¾> .ukg tlajQjd
h'
wdpd¾h uyd fndajd ysñf.a Wmka .u msysáfha ndka yqwdhs idhs isg
ie;mqï fo;=ka ishhla wE;ska msysá Wfodka ;dks m%dka;fha h' ndka ;dâ
.ïudkhg meñKs Tjqkg uyd fndajd ysñf.a uõ;=ñh wef.a w¿;a Ôú;hg
i;=áka iQodkï j isák neõ fmkS .sfha h' jy jyd Tjqka uyK mskalug
lghq;= iQodkï l<y' wef.a uy¨ jhig Wkajykafia iu. ;ekska ;ek
pdßldfõ hEug wehg wmyiq neúka .ïudkh wi, l=vd wdrKHhla
;ekSu i|yd iqÿiq ;ekla fiõfõ h' Wkajykafiaf.a uõ md¾Yjfha udud
flfkl= iy Tyqf.a ñ;=frl= .ug ie;mqula muK ÿßka msysá wlalr
ye;a;Ejla muK jQ jk .; bvula mQcd lrk ,ÿj" Wkajykafia th
ms<s.;ay' Wkajykafia o tu bvfï mÈxÑ j isáñka" NslaIQkag iy is,a
ud;djkag úfõlfhka jdih lsÍug iqÿiq fjka lrk ,o wdrKHhla bÈ
lsÍfï lghq;= wdrïN lrk ,§' ta wkqj WK nïnqj,ska Yd,djla iy
fomd¾Yjhg u wjYH l=á odhlhka ,jd iE§ug mgka .;s'
mú;%;ajh ( ks¾f,daNS lD;{;djh 187
wdrKHh iEfok ;=re uyd fndajd iajdóka jykafia" Wkajykafiaf.a

wïud" NslaIQka msßi iy ldhsõ is,a ud;dj" pka;nQß m%dka;fha wE; uqyqÿ
fjr< winv ia:dkhlg .shy' tys jdih lf<a uiqka urkafkda iy
m,;=re jjkafkda h' 1954 jif¾ jia jeiSu i|yd tu uqyqÿ nv ia:dkh
f;dard .;af;a h' kuq;a n,dfmdfrd;a;= fkdjQ m%Yakhkag uqyqK mEug isÿ
jQ fyhska blaukska kej; ndka ;dâ .ïudkhg taug isÿ úh' pka;nQß
ys foaY.=Kh wïudg iy is,a ud;d ldhsõ fofokdgu ys;lr fkd ù h'
;jo tys wdydr fofokdg u .e<mqfKa ke;s fyhska uyd fndajd ysñf.a
wïud wikSm úh' tu wikSmh l=ula oehs fidhd .ekSug o fkdyels
úh' jiaidk ld,h wjika fj;a u wïudf.a wikSm ;;aFjh widOH ù
wxYNd.hg yeÍ .uka lsÍug mjd wmyiq ;;a;ajhlg fmr¿Ks' uyd
fndajd ysñ ;u wïud blaukska wehg yqre mqreÿ .ug f.k f.dia wjYH
fjolï l< hq;= hhs is;=fõ h' lKavdhu kej; ndka ;dâ .ïudkhg
msúfioa§ b;d ruKSh wdrKHhla bÈ ù wjidk fjñka ;snqKs'
w¨;a wdrKHhg msúis jydu is,a ud;d ldhsõ ;u lghq;= wdrïN l<d
h' jkdka;rfha we;s T!IO me<Eá weh y÷kk neúka tajdfha .=Kd.=K o
weh fyd|ska okakd fyhska uy¨ is,a ud;djg iqÿiq hhs is;+ T!IO tl;=
l<d h' wef.a YÍrhg ys;lr hhs is;+ fmd;=j¾." me,Eá" f.ä" uq,a hkd§
T!IO f.keú;a" uy¨ wïudg id;a;= lsÍu blaukska werUqjd h' T!IO
fldgia fyd|ska oek uek ilia lr frda.S wïudf.a Èfkka Èk fjkia
jk ;;aFjhkag .e,fmk fia lemùfuka id;a;= l<d h'
uy¨ is,a ud;dj" is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a fjo fyolï ,nñka ojiska
oji iqj w;g yereKd h' wehf.a wxYNd. ;;a;ajh flfuka iqj w;g
m;a jqKs' wehg fiñka fiñka weú§ug yels YÍr Yla;sh j¾Okh úh'
wjqreÿ ;=kl muK ld,hla tu m%;sldr ,nñka isá wehg miqj fyd|ska
w; mh fufyh ùug Yla;sh ,enqKs'
ndka ;dâ wdrKHfhys jdih l< uq,a jir lSmh b;d ÿIalr
ld,hla úh' uQ,sl wjYH;d fidhd .ekSug mjd neß ;;aFjhla úh' is,a
ud;d ldhsõ iy wfkla is,a ud;dfjda ;u iqÿ isjqre uid ilid .;af;a
u<ñkS T;d fidfydkg f.k ouk frÈj,ska h' Tjqkf.a fldÜg msÿre
msrjQ tajd h' Tjqkf.a mdjyka jQfha mrK gh¾ lE,sj,ska ilia lr.;a
mdjyka h' wdydr b;d lgql h' wñysß h' oji f.jd .ekSug hka;ñka
iEyqKs' ndka ;dâ wdrKHfhys Ôj;aùu fld;rï wiSre jQjd o lshf;d;a
is,a ud;d ldhsõ ta .ek úia;r lSug wlue;s jQjd h'
1960 j¾Ih jk úg rfÜ ÈhqKqj;a iu. le,E t<sjkakg úh'

jkdka;r t<s jk úg Oq;dx.OdÍ NslaIQkaf.a Ôjk rgdjg ndOd
meñKsfha h' jkdka;r t<sfmfy<s lr fjk;a ixj¾Ok lghq;= flfroa§
wdrKHjdiS NslaIQka jykafia,df.a" yqre mqreÿ NslaIq Ôú;h jßka jr úúO
fjkialïj,g Ndckh úh' N+f.da,Sh fjkialïj,ska wdrKH mßirhg
ydks meñfKoa§ Bg tfrysj wdrKH rgdj /l .ekSug ndka ;dâ
wdrKHh fmruqK .;af;a h' wdpd¾h uqka uyd f;reka jykafiaf.ka
Wreu jQ wdrKHh NslaIq rgdj /l .ksñka iaÓr jk fikiqka ìyslr
.ekSug wdpd¾h uyd fndajd ysñ fmruqK .;af;a h' n%yaupßhd YS,h /lSu"
oeä úkh iy ;Sj% Ndjkd mqyqKqj bÈßhg f.k hd hq;=j ;snqKs' wdrKHjdiS
ifydaor NslaIQka jykafia,df.a whs;sjdislï /l foñka O¾uh iy
Ydikh /l .ekSfï uQ,sl;ajh wdpd¾h fndajd ysñ fj; mejreKs'
wdpd¾h uqka uyd iajdókaøhka jykafia wdrïN fldg bÈßhg f.k

wd wdrKH mámodj rgg y÷kajd foñka Bg ck;dj kïud .ekSug fndajd
f;reka jykafia uy;a mßY%uhla .;ay' Bg Wkajykafiaf.a is;a weo ne|
.kakd l;d ú,dih iy m%{djka;j ie,iqï l< mshjr ufydamldÍ úh'
ál l,lska wdpd¾h uyd fndajd ysñ jev isá fikiqkg wêl ck;djla
O¾u msmdifhka wdl¾IKh jQy' ienE wjHdc lïuÜGdkdpd¾hhka
jykafia kula hgf;a O¾uh bf.k .ksñka mqyqKqj ,eîug ck;dj
fm<.eiqKy' wjidkfha msßisÿ O¾uh fidhñka fjfyiqKq uyck;dj
ixúOdk ù" fuu wdrKHh uyck m%idohg md;% jQ fY%aIaG Ndjkd mqyqKq
uOHia:dkhla njg mßj¾;kh l<y'
fuu mßj¾;kh isÿjk w;r;=r ;u fY%aIaG .=refoajhkg ióm

j isáñka is,a ud;d ldhsõ tu lghq;=j,g iydh ÿkakd h' b;d
Ydka; ;ekam;a pß;hlska hq;a ldhsõ is,a ud;dfjda wdrKHhg meñKs
mú;%;ajh ( ks¾f,daNS lD;{;djh 189
ldka;djkag úfYaIfhka wod< jQ O¾udjjdo foñka" Ndjkd .eg¨ úi|d

foñka tfuka u Ydikhg we;=¿ùfï jákdlu o myod ÿkakd h'
wdpd¾h uyd fndajd ysñf.a uõ;=ñhf.a fi!LHh hym;a w;g

yereKq miq wef.a yoj; uq¿ukska u Ndjkd mqyqKqj i|yd fhduq l<
hq;= hhs ldhsõ is,aud;dj wehg wjjdo ÿkakd h' Ndjkdj i|yd Yla;su;a
mokula we;slr lemùfuka iy ffO¾hj;a j mqyqKq lghq;= lrf.k
hEug uy¨ is,a ud;dj Wkkaÿ l<d h' tys id¾:l m%;sM, wehg u n,d
.; yels neõ myod ÿkakd h' wef.a Ndjkd m%.;sh fmr wd;auhkays § wE
úiska jvk ,o l=i,hka u; r|d mj;S' tfiau fuu wd;aufha § weh ork
ù¾hh u; o Ndjkd ÈhqKqj r|d mj;S' tu ù¾hh weh ilauka Ndjkdjg
iy ys¢ bßhõfjka flfrk Ndjkdj i|yd fhoúh hq;= h' YS,h ks;r
ks;r msßisÿ lr .ksñka wl=i,a ;u ukig joaod fkd .ksñka" mqyqKq
mámodfjys ksr; jk úg wef.a uki msßisÿ ù wjfndaO {dkh ÈhqKq
fõ' wka;sfï § ish,a, ks¾udKh jkafka isf;ka nj wehg meyeÈ,s jkq
we;' weia rEm olS ¦ lka Yío wihs ¦ kdih .| iqj| ú£ ¦ Èj ri ú£¦
lh iam¾Y ú£ ¦ tfia u yoj; yeÕSï w;aolS' is; tajd .ek l,amkd
lrhs' l,amkd lrñka tajd iaÓr nj;a i;H nj;a is;hs' ksrka;rfhka
fyd| isysfhka isàu j¾Okh lr m%{dj ÈhqKq l< úg" isf;a we;a;
l%shdldß;ajh oel" ta yeu fohla .ek u we;a; we;s ieáfha olskakg
yelsjkq we; ¦
fjkia jk nj"
mokula ke;s nj"
ÿlska noaO ù we;s nj'
ksis wjOdkhla fkdue;s l<" uki msgqmiska flf,ia wêfõ.hlska

we§ wjq;a uq¿ uki u oeä j fj<d .kS' l=ula jQjd oehs f;areï hkakg;a
fmr rd.h fl%daOh ;Kaydj iy fudayh flfkl=f.a uki úkdY lrhs'
ta fyd| isysh ke;s fj,djhs' tu wvqmdvqj u. yeÍu i|yd ;u uki
foi l,amkdfjka n,d isg flf,ia ixirKh is;g n,mEï lrk
whqre ;SlaIK j olsk f,i jeäuy,a wïudf.ka is,a ud;d ldhsõ b,a,d
isáhd h'
is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a ldreKsl m%{djka; jpk uyd fndajd ysñf.a

wïudf.a uki ffO¾hj;a lf<a h' tu wjjdo wehj Ndjkd mqyqKqfõ
ksjerÈ ud¾.hg fhduq l<d h' jir ksu fj;a u wef.a uki wdOHd;añl
mqyqKqj i|yd fyd| wä;d,ulg jeà ;snqKs' 1967 § is,a ud;d ldhsõ
ndka ;dâ wdrKHfhka msgj hoa§ uy¨ is,a ud;dj iaÓr j u wd¾h
wIaGdx.sl ud¾.hg fhduq ù isáhd h'
191
m%Yakhla weiSug m%:u

Bg ms<s;=re
Tn u fiùug uykais .kak'
Tn tfia fidhk úg
fndfyda úg
ms<s;=r
Tng u fidhd.; yel'
Èúh mqrd wem lem ù
is,a ud;d ldhsõ hgf;a Ndjkd Wmfoia ,o wdpd¾h uyd fndajd

ysñf.a wïud iy wfkla is,a ud;dfjda 1967 jir jk úg Ndjkd mqyqKqfõ
isoaOdka;hka .ek ukd wjfndaOhla ,nd ;snqKs' is,a ud;d ldhsõ kej;
ndka yqwdhs idhs is,a ud;d wdrKHhg hEug fndajd kdhl ysñmdKkaf.ka
f.!rjfhka wjir ,nd .;a;d h' jeä ld,hla weh ndka ;dâys /÷K
fyhska ndka yqwdhs idhs wdrKHfha isá wef.a wfkla fidfydhqßhka
.ek lkiai,a,g m;a jQjd h' kuq;a lSmjrla weh ;u wdrKHfha
fidfydhqßhkaf.a ÿla iem fidhd n,d w;HjYH foa iemhqjd h' weh
wdrïN l< wdrKHhg kej; hdug" uyd fndajd ysñf.ka wjir ,;a miq
i;=áka tys f.dia kej; iqmqreÿ f,i jdih lsÍug mgka .;a;d h' fuod
isg jir 24 lg miq msßksjka mdkd ;=re is,a ud;d ldhsõ jdih lf<a
fuu wdrKHfha h'
ndka yqwdhs idhs wdrKHhg meñKs od isg is,a ud;d ldhsõ tu

fikiqfka fiakdikdêm;sksh f,i lghq;= lsÍu werUqjd h' wdrKHfha
is,a ud;djkaf.a Ôjk rgdj b;d ir, jQ pdï .;s mej;=ï we;s ksy~
ms<sfj;a we;s Èú fmfj;ls' weh iïud i;sh ÈhqKq lsÍu .ek úfYaI
wjOdkhla fhduq l<d h' ish¨ u is,a ud;dfjda wehf.a oeä úkhg
wjk; jQ w;r Tjqyq iudoka jQ wIaGdx. YS,h b;d oeä j wdrlaId lf<da
h' .sys f.h w; yer hdfï wdksYxi ieu fokdf.a u is;a ld jÈk
f,i myod ÿka w;r tu wkqYdikd b;du;a ixjr úkhdkql+, Rcq
wjjdoj,ska hqla; úh'
—Tn oeka is,a ud;djla f,i iiqka .; ù ud iu.;a wfkla is,a

ud;djka iu.;a Ôj;a ùug fuu wdrKHhg wdjd' fï fj,dfõ b|,d"
Tfí is;sú,s jpkh l%shdj yeu fõf,a u fndfydu Wiia is;sú,sj,ska
hqla; fjkak ´kE' Tn fï f,dalfha iem iïm;a w; yer od,d fï W;=ï
.uk wdfõ" Tn,df. yoj;a msßisÿ lr.kakd wdldrh bf.k .kakhs'
Tn,d w; yer oud wd ta merKs Ôú;h .ek wdmyq ie,ls,a,la olajkak
tmd' f.or .ek" ore mjq,a .ek lkiai,af,ka bkak ld,hla fkdfjhs
fï ld,h'˜
wiNH foaj,a .ek l;d fkd lrk f,i weh is,a ud;djkag ;Èka
wjjdo l<d h' l;d lrk yeu wjia:djl § u w¾:j;a fohla u l;d
l< hq;= neõ wjOdrKh l<d h' W;=ï wdrKHjdiS .=Kdx. j¾Okh lr
.ekSug;a ;u Ndjkd mqyqKqfõ § lemùfuka hq;=j ú¢h hq;= ÿIalr;d
bjiñka ;ud ms<sn| i;H;djh ksjerÈ j olsñka l,a f.ùug weh
Tjqkg wjjdo ÿkakd h'
w;S;fha fkd ,enqKq iem iïm;a .ek is;ñka lkiai,a,g m;aùu;a

wkd.;fha iïm;a ,eîug n,dfmdfrd;a;= we;s lr .ekSu;a Tjqkg
;ykï l<d h' tjka ixl,amkd Tjqka uq,d lrkq we;' w,ilu kue;s
laf,aYh iu. igka je§ug;a" f,fyisfhka fldÜghg hg;a fkdùug;a
weh Tjqkg wjjdo ÿkakd h' ;u is;sú,s .ek fyd| wjOdkfhka isàug;a
yoj;a m;=f,a we;s i;Hh muKla fiùug;a Tjqka Èßu;a l<d h'
nqÿrcdKka jykafia .;a ud¾.h .ek oeä úYajdihla we;s lr .ekSu

w;HdjYH nj wef.a YsIHdjkag wjOdrKh l<d h' Tjqka f;dard.;a wd¾h
ud¾.fha iEu mshjrla .ek u fyd| isysfhka isáh hq;= nj ks;r u;la
lr ÿkakd h' ta ula ksid o" tu ud¾.h mj;skafka ;udf.a uki iy
mú;%;ajh ( Èúh mqrd wem lem ù 193
yoj; ;=< neúks' tksid tu ud¾.fha .uka lrñka ÿlska ksoyia ùu tla
tla YsIHdj fjk fjku fidhd.;hq;= nj myod ÿkakd h' lemùfuka
ffO¾hj;a j ksjka idlaId;a lrk ;=re oeä wêIaGdkfhka hq;=j ;u
mqyqKq lghq;= lrf.k hEug Tjqka Èßu;a l<d h'
is,a ud;djkaf.a ÿ¾j,lula ÿgq jydu Tjqkaf.a m%.;sh Tjqkg u

;lafiare lr .ekSug fhduq l<d h' —Tn fndfyda l,la ud iu. mqyqKq
lghq;= lrf.k .shd' kuq;a Tn,d lSfofkla ch.%yK lShla ,enqjd o@
Tn iïmQ¾K l< fohg jvd j¾;udkfha Tfí we,Sï m%udKh úYd, h'
ud úYajdi ke;skï Tn Tnf.ka u wykak' wdYdjka lShla uu lmd yer
;shkjd o@ ÈjH f,dalj, foújreka mjd WmÈkafka uefrkakhs kej;
WmÈkakhs' Tn jdf.au Tjqkq;a Tjqkf.a flá Ôú; jákdlïj,g we¨ï
lrkjd' bm§ug ;sfnk wdYdj" Ôú;hg we;s oeä wdYdj ish¨ i;a;ajhka
fuu ÿlska msreKq f,dalfha kej; kej; bm§ug fya;= fjkjd'˜
—wdOHd;añl Ôú;hla ;=< fkdie,ls,a,g lsisfia;a bvla ke;' Tn

yeu YS,fha iy l=i,aj, jdikd n,fhka ks¾jdK i;=g fiùug fjr
ork is,a ud;dfjda' ;reK uy¨ wms yefudau fï wd;aufha tlg Ôj;a
jk whhs' uqyqK §ug we;s ish¨ u ÿIlr;djhkag ffO¾hfhka iy
bjiSfuka uqyqK § oeä wd;au Yla;shlska w,i fkdù" is,a ud;djla i;=
pdï meje;au f.dvk.d .kak ´kE' Tn uqyqK fok .eg¨ iy.; yeu
wjia:djl§u ffu;%sh iy lreKdj laIKsl j yeu fõf, u biau;=
ù tkak ´kE' Tfí fhfy<shka fuka bkakd is,a ud;djkag f.!rj
lrkak' uDÿ jpkska l;dlrkak' lugyka wdpd¾hjßh f.a úfõpk
lD;{ mQ¾jl j Ndr .kak' Tfí yeisÍu .ek uu Tng fpdaokd k.oa§"
tajd Tfí hym; i|yd fok mdvï fia i,lkak' uf.a fpdaokd Tnf.a
Y=Nisoaêh i|yduhs' Tfí wdpd¾hjßhg iy wfkla is,aud;djkag .re
lsÍu" Tn w;ska fkdjrojd u bgqúh hq;= hq;=lula' Tng jvd tl
ojilska mjd fcHaIaG is,a ud;djlg Tn keó wdpdr lrkak ´kE' wm
w;f¾ mj;sk iqyo;ajh Tn ksy;udkS j i;=áka Ndr f.k tluq;= j
jdih lrk fldg wms yefudagu ,o fohska i;=gq fj,d ieye,a¨fjka
Ôj;a fjkak mq¿jka' ffu;%sh lreKdj uqÈ;dj ta wdldrhg ;u ;ukaf.a
yoj;aj, mqrjd f.k" tlsfkldg tajd me;srejfyd;a wjidkfha ish¨

i;aFjhkag fuka u uq¿ úYajhg u me;sßh yels fjkjd taldka;hs'˜
wdpd¾h uyd fndajd ysñ jßka jr is,a ud;d wdrKHhg meñKSug

mqreÿj isáfha h' Wkajykafia yeu wjia:djl § u is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a
wdo¾Yj;a pß;h .ek j¾Kkd lrñka wka is,a ud;djka bka mdvï
W.; hq;= neõ wjOdrKh l<y' i;H jYfhka lshf;d;a wE f.k .sh
O¾udkql+, mámodj iEu fn!oaOfhl= u wkq.ukh l< hq;= wdo¾Yj;a
mámodjls' wef.a wm%;sy; ffO¾hh" oDV wêIaGdk Yla;sh" W;=ï m%{dj
iy wiSñ; lreKd .=Kh .ek o ks;r ks;r isys l<hq;= neõ wef.a
YsIHdjkag u;la lr ÿkafka h' oeä lemùulska weh ysñ lr .;a tu
O¾udkql+, pß; ,laIK" weh Rcq j u ksjka u.g fhduq l< fY%aIaG
,laIKhka h' wjidkfha wehj wcrdur ksjk lrd f.k .sfha h' iïud
iïnqÿ rcdKka jykafiaf.a w;sW;=ï Y%S ioaO¾uh wkqj ;u Ndjkd lghq;=
iy pß;h ixj¾Okh lr.;a is,a ud;d ldhsõ wjidkfha úuqla;sh lrd
.shd h'
195
nqÿrcdKka jykafiaf.a
Y%djlhka yeáhg wm ;=< mj;sk
wjHdc .=Kdx.hla fyda
tfia ke;fyd;a lsishï fyda fyd|la fkd oek"
wmf.a Ôú; l=Kq ù crdjg hk ;=re kslrefKa n,d fkdisáh hq;=hs'
urKh Tn fidhd meñKs l,
lsisÿ we,Sula fkdue;s j Tfí lh;a uki;a w;yßkak'
mdßY=oaO yoj;
ó<Õ wjqreÿ oyh ;=< § is,a ud;d ldhsõ weh wdrïN l< is,a
ud;d wdrKHfha wdOHd;añl Y=Nisoaêh .ek uy;a jQ mßY%uhla oerejd
h' th wdo¾Yj;a wdrKHhlg mßj¾;kh l< weh 1977 cQks ui yÈisfha
u frda.d;=r jQjd h' l,l isg tu frda. ,laIK YÍrh ;=< j¾Okh
fjñka ;sî we;' wka whg lrorhla jkjdg wlue;s jQ fyhska weh fï
nj lsisfjl=g fkd oekajQjd h' frda.h iÕjdf.k isàug neß ;rï
widOH jQ miq weh frday,lg we;=<;a lrk ,§' ffjoHjre wef.a tla
fmKye,a,lg laIhfrda.h je<§ we;s neõ wkdjrKh l<y' ;jo
jeämqr isÿl< mÍlaIKj, § wehg Èhjeähd frda.h o we;s neõ fidhd
.kakd ,§' fï jk úg wef.a YÍrh ue,ù b;d ÿ¾j, ;;a;ajhlg
m;a j ;snqKs' weh oeä fõokdfjka fm¿Kd h' Èfkka Èk j¾Okh
jQ frda. ,laIK weh widOH ;;a;ajhlg m;aj we;s nj ikd: lf<a
h' ffjoHjre wef.a Ôú; ld,h iSñ; neõ ;SrKh lf<da h' Tjqkf.a
ks.ukh jQfha wjqreÿ tllg follg jvd weh Ôj;a fkdjk nj h'
is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a wikSm ;;a;ajh tkak tkaku ixlS¾K jkakg úh'
wehg weÿu frda.h o ta u;=msgg je<£" leiai jeäù f,a jukh lrkakg
jQjd h' fï fya;=fjka weh fndfyda ffjoH mÍlaIKhkag Ndckh lsÍug
isÿ úh' tu mÍlaIKj, § wef.a wfkla fmKye,a,g ysxil ms<sldjla

je<£ we;s neõ wkdjrKh úh' m%Odk frda. ;=kla iaÓr jYfhka u
ikd: úh' laIh frda.h" Èhjeähdj iy ms<sldj" weh jeäl,a Ôj;a
fkdjk neõ ldg;a meyeÈ,s úh'
frday,g we;=¿ lr uila .; fjoa§ is,a ud;d ldhsõ wef.a frda.

;;ajh fudk ;rï widOH jqj;a wef.a is,a ud;d wdrKHhg hdug wjYH
nj oekajQjd h' weh ljo;a m%sh l< Ydka; jQ ruKSh jQ wdrKHh mßirfha
is,a ud;d fhfy<shka jglr isáh § wef.a urKh isÿ fõ kï" th ;ud
w.h lrk neõ oekajQjd h' frda.d;=r jQ miq wef.a nr áflka ál wvq
úh' tkuq;a wef.a yoj; ishü flf,ia nßka ksoyia jQjls' is,a ud;d
ldhsõ wef.a Y=Nisoaêh .ek ie,ls,a,la fkd oelajQ w;r urKhg o
lsisÿ ìhla fkd oelajQjd h' wef.a is,a ud;d fidfydhqßhkaf.a iy odhl
odhsldjkaf.a o hym; .ek weh jvd;a fjfyiqKd h' wef.a §ma;su;a
Ôjk rgdj weh weiqre l< ieuf.a u wdOHd;añl .=Kj.dj wdf,dalj;a
l< w;r Tjqkf.a yoj;a m%Ndiajr lf<a h' wef.a mú;% ffu;%s .=Kh
yuqfõ ish¨ ndOl ;=kS ù hk njla ldg;a jegyqKs' wef.a wjika ld,h
.;lsÍug wehg wjYHjQfha" fndfyda ckhdg ys; iqj msKsi" jevodhl
f,i b;sß wdhq ld,h fhoúh yels ;ekls'
wef.a ys;j;a odhsldjla jQ ffjoH fmka Y%s ulrfkdka nexfldla

k.rfha ffjoHjßhls' ndka yqwdhs idhs is,a ud;d wdrKHhg ú;a is,a
ud;d ldhsõ yg m%;sldr lsÍug iafjÉPdfjka bÈßm;a jQjd h'
ffjoH jD;a;sfha wjqreÿ úiail m<mqreoaola we;s ffjoH fmka Y%s"

ldi frda.hg Èhjeähd frda.hg tjlg fidhdf.k ;snQ kj;u m%;sldr
l%u wE fjkqfjka ,nd ÿkakd h' ldi frda.h u¾okh i|yd m%n,
m%;sÔjl T!IO o" Èhjeähdj md,kh lsÍu i|yd Èhjeähd bkaishq,ska
tkak; jßka jr §u o weh b;d l%uj;a j isÿ l<d h' kuq;a ms<sldj
i|yd ms<shula fkd ù h'
is,a ud;d ldhsõ jeks ry;a fufyKska jykafia flfkl=g m%;sldr

lsÍu ;rï NdrOQr j.lSula wef.a ffjoH Ôú;fha fkd l< neõ weh miq
mú;%;ajh ( mdßY=oaO yoj; 197
ld,hl § isys l<d h' ry;a fufyKska jykafia flfkl=g m%;sldr §ug
;rï wdOHd;añl mqyqKqjla wehg fkd;snQ neõ o weh mejiqjd h' ry;a
f;rKshlg we;s f.!rjh lsis úgl m¿ÿ fkdjk fia ffjoH fmka Y%s
;u fiajh w;suy;a f.!rjhlska Nla;shlska bgq l<d h' tla frda.hla
iqj jqj;a wksla frda.fhka flfkl= ñh hkakg yels fyhska ffjoH
fmka Y%s frda.hg fnfy;a lrkjdg jvd frda.shdg m%;sldr l<d h' is,a
ud;d ldhsõ <Õ § hï Èkl ñh hk neõ oek isá ffjoH fmka Y%s" weh
wiykhlska f;drj fldhs fõf,;a iqj myiqj isàug lghq;= ie,iqjd
h' fï fya;=j ksid wehg úfYaI fnfy;la §ug m%:u frda.h .ek
flá úia;rhla lr wehf.a is;g nrla fkd§ tu fnfy; .ekSfuka
lhg we;sjk m%fhdackh is,a ud;d ldhsõ yg meyeÈ,s lr ÿkakd h' tu
úia;rh weiSfuka miq j ta fnfy; .ekSu fkd .ekSu weh ;SrKh l<d
h' weh hula tmd hhs lsjfyd;a ffjoH fmka Y%s wehg n,mEula fkd
l<d h'
fï wdldrfhka wjqreÿ 14 la .; úh' wef.a wikSm ;;a;ajfha

fjkila fkd jQj o Ndjkd mqyqKqjg wjeis wkqYdikd §fuka iy
wkqkg O¾uh fnod §fuka weh wE;a fkd jQjd h' tu wdOHd;añl
j.lSu" wikSmfhka isáh o weh yels muKska bgq l<d h' wehf.a YÍr
ÿ¾j,;d Èfkka Èk ySk fjoa§ Bg wkqrEm j wef.a Èk pßhdj ilia
lr .ksñka wE i;= hq;=lu fyd| isysfhka bgq l<d h' wdrKHh ;=<
weh isák wjia:dj," W;a;Í;r ukqIH;ajh iy tys uqÿ fudf<dlaNdjh
i;r Èidjg u úysfok njla ldg;a yeÕ=Ks' wehg Woõ lrk yefudag u
m%Yxid fldg mska wkqfudaoka lsÍug weh wu;l fkd l<d h' ffjoHjßh
wehg fndk fnfy;a ÿka miq th w.h lrñka ;u oE;ska u tu fnfy;a
ysi u;g f.k ffjoHjßhg mska muqKqjd bka wk;=rej fnfy;a îjd
h' weh ne,Su i|yd wdrKHhg tk yefudau weh ms<s.;af;ao Tjqkg
uy;a jQ f.!rjhla olajñka h' Tjqka weiQ O¾u m%Yakj,g lsisÿ úfYaI
mlaImd;s;ajhla fkdolajd O¾udkql+, jQ m%{djka; ms<s;=rej,ska ix.%y
l<d h' wef.a uki w;smdßY=oaO;ajhlska mej;s fyhska wkqkg O¾uh
b.ekaùu weh È.g u lrf.k .shd h' ukqIH YÍrh urKh lrd wLKav
.ukl fh§ isák nj okakd weh" ta .ek miq;eú,s fkd jqKd h' wef.a
YÍrfha ÿ¾j,;ajh y÷kd .ksñka b;sß j we;s wdhq ld,h iy YÍr
Yla;sh Wmfhda.s lr .ksñka wef.a wkqlïmdj fidhd meñKs whg O¾u

odkh fnod ÿkakd h'
YÍr fi!LHh ;j ;j;a ySk fjoa§ wef.a wdydr wreÑh jeä ÈhqKq
úh' wdydr Èrùu o ÿ¾j, úh' fï fya;=j ksid wehg tla fõ,lg
lkakg yels jQfha ms~q folla ;=kla muKs' lfÜ o;a ish,a, u mdfya
jeà we;' tksid lgg .;a n;a lg yemqfõ b;d fiñks' wdydr lgj,a
fol ;=kla lEug wehg mehla muK .;jqKs' YÍrfha ÿ¾j,lu ksidfoda
wdydr ymoa§ wef.a ysi o ta wkqj fi,jqfKa h' ukqIH YÍrh fkdmj;sk
fohla nj weh okS' YÍrh ÿ¾j, jqj;a th Tijd f.k isàu mjd wehg
uy;a jQ nrla úh' is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a YÍr l+vqj tkak tkak u Èrdm;a
úh' bkaøshka w;sYhska ÿ¾j, úh' rEmfha wks;HNdjh okakd whg th
idudkH fohla úh' wef.a tla wlaIs f.da,hl mSvkh jeä ù reêr
mSvkh wiajdNdúl f,i" wk;=reodhl f,i by< .sfha h' tkuqÿ weh
ffjoH m%;sldr m%;slafIam l<d h' iajNdjO¾uh iajdNdúl j l%shd lrk
nj;a tfia ùug wm bv Èh hq;= nj;a wehf.a woyi úh' udi lSmhlg
miqj l< ffjoH mÍlaIKhl § wef.a tla weila wkaO ù we;s neõ
wkdjrKh úh' wksla wei o ;o n, f,i iqÿ mg,hlska jeiS we;snj
oek .;s' kuq;a tu weiska hka;ñka hula n,d .ekSug wehg yels úh'
;=káh fõokdjla u;=ù wd fyhska weh fldkao kudf.k l=ÿ ù

weú§ug fm<UqKdh' .uka lsÍu ;j;a ÿ¾j, úh' flfkl=f.a wdOdrhla
fkdue;sj mshjr lSmhla j;a hEug fkdyels ;;ajhla Wod jqKs' ál
Èklg miq tla WoEikl wef|ka ke.sg weú§ug W;aidy lroa§" wehg
;j ÿrg;a weú§ug fkd yels neõ wjfndaO úh' bka miq wehj ;ekska
;ek Tijd f.k hEug isÿ úh'
is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a Ôú;h ffu;%sh iy l<HdK ñ;%;ajh mokï

lr nqÿ oyug lem jQ Ôú;hls' urKh fmks fmkS jqjo weh fjfyi
fkd n,d fndfyda ckhdf.a iqj msKsi fndfyda ckhdf.a iem msKsi
lemfjñka wdo¾Yj;a jQjd h'
wef.a fuu W;a;Í;r pß; ,laIK úfYaIfhka wehf.a ióm

wkq.dñlhkaf.a iy ffjoHjßhf.a is;a ;=< lsisod fkd ueflk fia
igyka úh' YÍr fõokd w;sYhska mSvdldÍ jqj o f;rKsh ta yeu fkd
ie,S bjid ord isáhd h' weh ÿlska ñÿKq wd¾h Y%dúldjls' ldu Njhkays
meje;au i;H jYfhka u okakd W;a;udúhls' wef.a fmr wd;au Njhka
iy j¾;udk ksjka wjfndaOh idlaId;a lr.;a nqoaO ÈhKshls' Roaê
m%d;syd¾h mEug okakd mrÑ;a; úcdkk {dkfhka hq;a ry;a f;rKshls'
tneúka YÍr fõokd .ek lsisÿ ii, ùula wE ;=< fkd ù h'
my<g keuqKq kslg" .s¨Kq lïuq,a iys; uqyqK" /,s .eiqKq l¿ yu"
lhg je<÷k frda." w; mh jdre ke;s ùu wef.a urKdikak nj ;yjqre
lf<a h' is,a ud;d urKdikakj wef|a je;sÍ isáfha iajNdj O¾ufha crdj
iy jHdêh f,djg ksjerÈ j myod fok iÔù kso¾Ykhla f,isks' m%dKh
;ju;a hka;ñka .eg .id f.k ÿn, j mj;sk bkaøshkag ;j bÈßhg
hEug W.yg neõ okajñka fiñka fiñka wm%dKsl j iajNdjO¾ufha
kHdhg hg;a ùu wdrïN l<dh' fjfyig m;a jQ ÿ¾j, bkaøshka Ôú;skaøsh
w; yeÍug hkakd fia wÕjñka áflka ál msßfykakg úh' YÍrh iy
uki ( kdurEm" fmr l¾u úmdl .%yKfhka ñ§ uyd N+;hkag fn§ hEu
weröug iQodkï jk njls' kuq;a kdu rEmhkaf.ka Y+kH jQ úkdY l<
fkdyels h:dN+; {dkh" mú;% idrh wkd.; n,dfmdfrd;a;=jla rys; j
yd;ami úisr me;sr ;snqKs'
tod wdpd¾h uyd fndajd f;reka jykafia" Wkajykafiaf.a

urKdikak YsIHdj ne,Sug meñKshy' tfia meñKs Wkajykafia iajNdj
O¾uhg bv § lsisjla fkd lr isák fia wef.a ffjoH Wmia:dhsldjkag
oekaù h'
is,a ud;d ldhsõ Ôj;a jQfha wka wh fjkqfjks' ish,af,da wehg

iekiSfuka uefrkakg bv yeßh hq;=hs' ry;a f;rKshlf.a wjika
.ukg lsisjl= ndOd fkd l< hq;=hs'
fï jk úg wef.a fmky¨ isr ù yqiau .ekSu w;sYhska ÿIalr

úh' wef.a jeyereKq YÍrh >k ù" lg weÍ" oEia wvjka j fkd fi,aù
je;sßKs' wef.a ffjoH fiaúldjka wE iómfha isg mK we;s i,l=Kq
fiõj o Tjqkg yqiau jefgk njla fkdfmkqKs' wjidkh <x fjk nj
weh jgd isá ld yg;a jegyqKs'
kuq;a lsisfjl= Tjqkf.a weia weh f.ka bj;g fkd .;ay' wef.a
yqiau oefkk fkd oefkk ;rug ishqï úh' flfuka flfuka th o wvq
ù f.dia yqiau .kakd njla fkd oefkk ;;ajhlg meñKsfha h' fkd
oefkk yqiau /,a, isyska j ishqï j wvqù f.dia wjika úh' ikaiqkaj
wjika úh' weh fldhs fudfydf;a ñh .shd oehs wE jgd isá lsisfjl=g
lSug wmyiq úh' wef.a fN!;sl lh fkdfi,a ù je;sr mej;=Ks' ksi, j
je;sr ;snqKs' iajNdj O¾ufhka neyer jQ lsisÿ l%shdj,shla fuys isÿ fkd
ù h' iajNdj O¾uh u wkdjrKh úh'
ldhsõ ry;a f;rKska jykafia 1991 cQks ui 18 jeks Èk WoEik

ksoyia j msßksjka mE fial'
wjidkfha § wef.a fm!oa.,sl mú;% idrh" l=vd we<la ksoyfia .,d

hñka .x.djka iy uqyqÿ iu. tlajkakd fia" fkd ief,k uyd iuqøhla
jka iodld,sl Y+kHhla iu. iïmQ¾Kfhka tla ù ñY% úh'
ál fõ,djlg miq wdpd¾h uyd fndajd f;reka jykafia foayh

ne,Sug meñKshy' Wka jykafia iqÿ froaolska jid ;snQ ue,jqKq u< isrer
foi iEfyk fj,djla ksy~ j n,d isáñka urKdkqiauD;sh jevqfõ h'
Wkajykafia ry;a fufyKska jykafiaf.a wdodykh cQks ui 23 fjks
Èkg kshu l<y' ÿr neyer isg tk wef.a {d;Skag iy Y%oaOdjka; odhl
odhsldjkag ;u wjika f.!rjh oelaùug;a wdodyk W;aijhg iyNd.s
ùug;a bka bv lv ,enqKs' wdpd¾h uyd fndajd ysñ wdodyk W;aijfha
§ wdYS¾jdo jkaokd .d:d iÊCOdhkd lsÍug wjia:djla fkd ÿkafka h'
Wkajykafia tu ;SrKh .kq ,enqfõ is,a ud;d ldhsõ f;rKsh ,eìh hq;=
wjika M, fk<d .;a W;a;udúh fyhska wehg w¨;ska wdYS¾jdo m%d¾:kd
.d:d iÊCOdhkd lsÍfuka m,la fkdue;s fyhsks'
cQks ui 22 jk Èk ikaOHd iufha wdpd¾h uyd fndajd f;reka

jykafia is,a ud;d ldhsõ f;rKshg wjika f.!rjh oelaùu i|yd
wdodyk W;aijhg /iajQ úYd, NslaIq" Wmdil Wmdisld msßila wu;d
úfYaI O¾udkqYdikhla meje;ajQy' kQ;k ld,fha Èßfhka u isá
wdo¾Yj;a ry;a fufyKska jykafia flfkl= yeáhg is,a ud;d ldhsõ
f;rKsh wdodyfkda;aijhg iyNd.s jQjkag y÷kajd ÿkay'
ldhsõ f;rKsh" wef.a urKh" fï f,dalfha iajNdj O¾uh .ek

wjOdkhg wmj fhduq l<d' wm ljqre;a lsisÿ fNaohlska f;drj hï
Èkl uefrkjd ksh;hs' ñksi;a nj ,nd bmÿK wms fï jdikdjka;
Wmam;a;sfhka hym;a m%;sM, ,nd wmf.a yoj;a ;=< wdOHd;añl
mßmQ¾K;ajhla ,eîug yels iEu W;aidyhla u .; hq;=hs' nqÿka
jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO¾uh .ek lsisÿ ielhla we;slr .ekSug wjYH
keye' tu ioaO¾ufha i;H;djh iy;sl lsÍug p;=rd¾h i;Hh muKla
m%udKj;a fõ' wm Y%oaOd Nla;sfhka hq;=j Ndjkd mqyqKqj .ek nqÿka
jykafiaf.a wkqYdikd wkq.ukh l<fyd;a wksjd¾hfhka wm ud¾. M,
,nkq taldka;hs'
nqÿ oyu wkqj l%uj;a wdOHd;añl mqyqKqfjys fhfok we;af;da isák

;dla f,dalh ry;=kaf.ka wvqjla fkd jkq we;' fuu i;Hh f,djg
fmkajk .=Kj;a wdo¾Yj;a ÿ¾,N .kfha ry;a fufyKska jykafia
kuls is,a ud;d ldhsõ' weh uerefKa o wms uefrk wdldrhg u h' tfia
jqjo jeo.;a jkqfha wef.a yoj; ;=< j¾Okh l< Od¾ñl .=K O¾uhka
h' tkï wef.a i;H jQ mú;% jQ wdOHd;auhhs' wef.a urKh fkd fõ' uki
uQ,sl mokuhs' fyd| krl l%shd folu .ek wmg wK fokafka ukihs'
tksid wm Ôj;a j isáh § wfma yoj; Od¾ñl j jeä ÈhqKq lr .ekSug
wmg ,eî we;s fuu wk¾> wjia:dfjka ksis m%fhdack .; hq;=hs'
is,a ud;d ldhsõ ry;a f;rKska jykafiaf.a wdodykh miq

Èk oyj,a ld,fha § ndka yqwdhs idhsys msysá is,a ud;d wdrKHfha §
meje;aúKs' NslaIQka jykafia,d 200la muK;a .sys ieoeyej;=ka oyia
.Kkskq;a f;rKshg wjika f.!rj oelaùug meñK isáhy' .sys meúÈ
w;s úYd, ckldhla fma<s iE§ iqÿ y÷ka l=vqj,ska iE¥ §ma;su;a iqj|e;s
mqIam" úÑ;%j;a f,i ;ekQ foK u; iEhla fuka isák fia Wig Wig
;ekam;a lrk ,§'
wdodyk W;aijhg iyNd.s jQ w;s úYd, .sys meúÈ msßi fudfyd;lska

f.!rj iïm%hqla; oeä ksy~;djhla rlsk ,§' wdpd¾h uyd fndajd
f;reka jykafia .sks i¿jla /f.k" foK háka ilid ;snQ jyd .sks
weúf,k l=yrhg fhduq lrk ,§' fudfyd;lska .sks weú,S .sks oe,a
nqr nqrd by<g kef.kakg úh' >kj ieliqKq ÿï /<s foK T;df.k
áflka ál wyig tla úh' wdYap¾hhls" ta fudfydf;a u YS;, msksfmdo
jeiaila wdodyk N+ñh wjg m;s; úh'
tÈk ikaOHd hdufha .skak ksù .sfha h' WIaK;ajh wvq jQ miq
NslaIQka jykafia,d iy is,a ud;dfjda w¿hg ;ekam;a jQ ry;a f;rKshf.a
Od;+ka úiqreKq fidfydk wjg /ia jQy' fidfydka ìfï l,ska ;=nQ oeä
;dmh ÿre úh' wef.a weg lgq l=vd leì,s;sj,g iqka ù iqÿ mdg j¾Kfhka
w¿ hg ;ekam;a ù ;snqKs' fcHaIaG NslaIQka jykafia,d b;d m%fõifuka
yd f.!rjfhka w¿ hg wÕ=re iu. ;ekska ;ek úisÍ ;snQ l=vd weg
leì,s;s iqÿ froaolska wdjrKh l< nkafoaishlg tl;= l<y' tu Od;+ka
miqÈk WoEik f;la b;d f.!rjfhka r|jd .;af;a h' tfia tl;= l<
ry;a f;rKshf.a Od;+ka jykafia,d rdYshla wehf.a Y%oaOdjka; odhl
odhsldjka w;r mQckSh isysjgk f,i fnod fok ,§' Tjqka tu Od;+ka
ksle,e,a W;=ï YS,h fmkakqï lrk jákd ueKsla .,a fia f.!rjfhka
i,lñka je÷ï msÿï lsÍug mgka .;s'
ry;a fufyKska jykafia kulf.a Od;+ka <Õ ;nd .ekSfuka

f,daflda;a;r jQ wdYS¾jdohla tu whg ,efnk nj Tjqkaf.a úYajdih
úh' ;ukag hym;la jk nj;a m%d;syd¾h mEfï Yla;shla tu Od;+ka
jykafia,dg we;s nj;a Tjqyq ms<s.;ay' Tjqkf.a yoj;a ;=< we;s Y%oaOd
YS, n,h yd iu.dó j tu Od;+ka jykafia,df.a n,hla we;ehs Tjqyq
ms<s.;s'
ál l,la .;fjoa§ tu Od;+kaf.ka fndfyduhla weg leì,s;s

Roaêuh mßj¾;khlg Ndckh úh' l,a h;au fuu Od;+ka áflka ál"
tlska tl" tlg we,S m<sÕ= fuka >k j iE§ ueKsla .,aj,g mßj¾;kh
úh' iuyrla fldakdldr úksúo oelsh yels m<sÕ= njg fmr<sKs' ;j
iuyrla isks÷ j¾Kj;a È,sfik uqyqÿ mn¿ fuka fjkia úh'
fuu ry;a fufyKshf.a wÜGs Od;+ka fN!;sl j b;sß jQ mGú

fldgia" jpkska úia;r lsÍug wmyiq zry;=ka f.a mú;% wdOHd;auhZ
woaN+; f,i wmQ¾j f,i ms<sìUq lrkakls' Ôjhla ke;s weg leì,s;s
Èhuka;s" uq;= njg yev fjkiaùu wdYap¾hj;a mßj¾;khls' ry;ka

jykafia flfkl=f.a w;smdßY=oaO uki" áflka ál msßisÿ fjñka w¾y;a
M,h olajd tk úg" th tu YÍrfha rEm fldgiaj,g uy;a fia n,mdk
nj fuhska ;yjqre fõ'
ry;ka jykafia flfkl=f.a iudê Ñ;a;fha ffki¾.sl mú;%;ajh

tÈfkod Ndjkd lghq;=j, fhfooa§ fudk ;rï mú;% j bgqfjkafka oehs
lshf;d;a" YÍrfha uydN+; fldgia o mú;% jk;=re l%shd;aul fõ' fuu
msßisÿ ùu" Wkajykafia,d msßksjka mEfuka miq tu mú;% Od;= fldgia
uq;= ueKslaj,g fmr<Sug fya;= fõ'
is,a ud;d ldhsõ ry;a f;rKshf.a wÜGs Od;+ka wdYap¾hj;a f,i

§ma;su;a uq;= ueKsla njg m;aùu by; oelajQ ukfia wisßu;a nj Tmamq
lsÍu i|yd m%n, idlaIshla jYfhka fmkaúh yel'
weh jpkfha mßiudma;d¾:fhka u nqÿrcdKka jykafiaf.a W;=ï

wd¾h Y%dúldjls' ksÿldKka jykafiaf.a wjHdc nqoaO ÈhKshls'
205
NslaLq iS,r;fkda
is,a ud;d ldhsõ ry;a f;rKsh
.ek ;dhs NdIdfjka ,shejqKq uq,a
lD;sh bx.%Sis NdIdjg mßj¾;kh
lrk ,oafoa NslaLq iS,r;fkda úisks'
1948 j¾Ifha § wefußldfõ j¾ðkshd
m%dka;fha Wm; ,en" jhi wjqreÿ 26 §
nqÿoyu .ek uQ,sl oekSula ,nd 1975
jif¾ § bkaÈhdfõ nex.f,da¾ys mQcH
nqoaOrlaÅ; ysñ iuÕ idufKar ysñ
kula f,i iiqka .; jqKs' idufKar
iS,r;fkda ysñ 1976 § Y%S ,xldjg
jevu fldg uyr.u Y%S j‚r[dK
O¾udh;kfha § w;smQcH w.a. uyd
mKaä; uäfya m[a[diSy udysñ hgf;a Wmiïmodj ,nk ,§' jir
1977 § ;dhs,ka;hg jeä Wkajykafia wfm%a,a ui 21 jeks Èk" nexfldla
k.rfhys jÜ fndfjdaksfjia úydrfha § Oïuhq; ksldhg wkqhqla; j
kej;;a uyK Wmiïmodj ,eîh' t;ekska Wfodaka ;dks m%dka;fha ndka
;dâ wdrKHh n,d jeä iS,r;fkda ysñ fï olajd wdOHd;añl ÈhqKqj
i,id .ksñka iy Ydik lghq;=j, kshef<ñka W;a;Í;r Èúfmfj;la
f.k hkafka h' uE; b;sydifha my< jQ w;sfY%aIaG ry;ka jykafia
kula jQ wdpd¾h uyd fndajd {dkiïmkafkda uyd f;reka jykafia
hgf;a YsIHhl= j" Wkajykafia 2011 j¾Ifha ckjdß udifha 11 jeks Èk
msßksjka mdkd ;=re jev jdih l<y'
wo jk úg iS,r;k ysñ ndka ;dâ wdrKHfha isg ie;mqï 120la

muK ÿßka msysá f,dhs Èia;%slalfha —j;a md id,d fkdhs˜ kï jQ wdrKHfha
wcdka ksfmdka wNsiïmkafkd uyd kdhl ysñ hgf;a Ndjkd iqjfhka
iy O¾u .%ka: ilia lrñka jev jdih lrhs' fï jk úg Wkajykafia
jia wjqreÿ 35 la imqrd we;'
207
ry;a M,h .ek iel we;a;ka yg

wkqlïmdfjks ''''''''''''
ksjka u. tys M, iy ksjka wjfndaOh fuu wd;au Njfha § u

idlaId;a lsÍug wmg we;s yelshdjka ielhg Ndckh lsÍu lsisfia;a
l< fkdyelalls' fn!oaOhka jYfhka wmg ta i|yd lsisÿ ms<s.; yels
fya;=jla oelaùug o fkdyel' i;H jYfhka u wm fn!oaOhka ù we;af;a
ksjka wjfndaOh l< yels njg wm ;=< mj;sk oeä úYajdih fya;=
fldgf.k h' wms ish,af,da u nqoaO;ajh iy iïnqoaO;ajh idlaId;a lsÍu
úYajdi lruq' ta ksidu wms fn!oaOfhda fjuq' ;jo nqÿrcdKka jykafia"
NslaIQka wd¾h wIaGdx.sl ud¾.h wkqj ksis mßÈ jikakdyq kï f,dalh
ry;=kaf.ka ysia fkdjk neõ mejiQ fial' ^§'ks'- uyd mßksíndK iQ;%h&
fndfyda iQ;% foaYkdjkays nqÿka jykafia ksjka u. Tiafia .uka lrk
we;a;ka yg ,efnk M,odhS úmdl .ek fkdfhla jr foaYkd lr we;'
oka §fuka we;sjk i;=g .ek nqÿyq foaYkd l<y' YS,fha m%;sm;a;s
rlsñka Od¾ñl j Ôj;a jk úg ,nk i;=g ( ffu;%sh jvk l,ays ,nk
m%S;sh ( iu: Ndjkdj jvk úg w;aoelSug ,efnk W;=ï Ydka; nj (
flf,ia m%ySK lsÍfuka yd ÿla fl<jr lsÍfuka ,nk ksrdñi m%S;sh"
wd§ jYfhka nqÿyq fndfyda úg O¾ufha M, úmdl olajd we;'
fï oE w;aú¢ we;af;da wkka; h ¦ wm%udK h' ksjerÈ O¾u ud¾.

fha .uka lrk we;a;ka yg fuu Ydka; jQ m%;
S u
s ;a ;;a;j
a hka <Õd lr.;
yel' nqÿrcdKka jykafia foaYkd l< fuu uQ,l s O¾uhkays i;H;djhka
fidhd oek tys hym;a úmdl w;aÿgq l,ays Wkajykafia foaYkd l< ksjk
idlaId;a lsÍu flfrys úYajdih ;yjqre fõ' wd¾h wIaGdx.sl ud¾.fha
.uka lrk ´kEu flfkl=g ks¾jdK Od;=fõ W;a;Í;r i;=g iuHla
m%{dfjka w;aoelsh yels neõ ;yjqre fõ'
nqÿka jykafia iy Y%djl ry;ka jykafia,d fuf,dj w;ayeßhdg

miq ksjka u. o Tjqka yd /f.k .sh njla ;%smsglfha fld;eklj;a
i|yka ù ke;' kuq;a wm Ydia;DDka jykafia ;u mßks¾jdKfhka miq
O¾uh iy úkh wd¾h wIaGdx.sl ud¾.h Tiafia hEu i|yd u. fmkaùug
b;sß lr we;s neõ b;d meyeÈ,s j mejiQ fial' nqÿka jykafiaf.ka
wm tfia Wreu lr .;a O¾uh iy úkfhys lsisÿ wvqÿq~qjla oelaúh
fkdyel' jir 2600 lg l,ska foaYkd l< mßÈ u wo;a tys mú;%;ajh
iy j,x.=Ndjh ta wdldrfhka u iaÓr j mj;S' O¾uh iy úkh Tiafia
oeä lemùfuka iy wêIaGdkfhka hq;=j Ndjkd mqyqKqfjys fhÿKfyd;a
ixidr prfha l=uk fyda n,fõ.hlgj;a isf;ys WmÈk mru iqL
;;a;ajh je<lsh fkdyel'
hym;a l¾u úmdl fya;=fjka" ks¾u, nqÿ oyu mj;sk fuu

wjêfha ñksi;a nj ,en nqÿka jod< O¾uh ta whqßka u oek .ekSug
jdikd ,;a wh w;súYd, h' l=i,;djhka ysñ nqoaêu;a ck;dj nqÿka
jod< O¾uh m%dfhda.sl j mqyqKq ùug fkdfm<Uùu .ek lsisÿ idOdrK
fya;=jla oelaúh fkdyel' tfia u mqyqKq jQ O¾uh ;udf.a;a wkqkaf.a;a
hym; i|yd fkdfhoùug o idOdrK fya;=jla oelaúh fkdyel' fuh
j<lajkqfha wm is;a ;=< iy yoj;a ;=< l%shd;aul jk flf,ia h' nqÿka
jod< ksjka ud¾.h tu flf,ia m%ySKh lsÍug fya;=jk O¾u ud¾.
hhs'
laf,aYhka n,.;= jQ l,ays ud¾.h ÿ¾j, fõ' tfia ÿ¾j, lr

wm olsk ndysr f,dalh jeo.;a nj;a O¾uh fkdjeo.;a nj;a wmj
úYajdi lsÍug fhduq lrjhs' ndysr f,dalh wmg fmkajd fokafka ksjka
ry;a M,h .ek iel we;a;ka yg wkqlïmdfjks'''''' 209
wjfndaOh i|yd nqÿka jod< O¾uh wkqj mqyqKqùu ÿIalr nj h' wm Ôj;a
fjoa§ wmg ú£ug isÿjk ÿla lror u. yeÍug wjYH ksidu th wjfndaO
lsÍug fkdyels nj fmkajd fohs' th ms<s.;a úg ksjka wjfndaOh i|yd
ù¾h fkd.ekSu .ek jrolrefjl= fkdfõ hhs Tyqg isf;kq we;' fï
fya;=j ksid flfkl= oeä ù¾hhla f.k w¾y;aM,h idlaId;a lf<a hhs
weiqKq l,ays th i;H hhs ms<s.ekSug wm iQodkï ke;' —ikaÈÜGsfld˜
hkqfjka nqÿka foaYkd lrk ,oafoa fï O¾uh ;ud úiska u m%;HfõlaId
{dkfhka oek .; yels njh' tfia jqjo fudayfhka fj,S iel lrkafkda
fuh úYajdi lsÍug fyda w;ayod ne,Sug fyda iQodkï ke;' kuq;a wm
Ôj;a jk ld,h ;=< w;a ú|sk —ÿl˜ nqÿka jykafia uq,ska u jod< ÿlaL
i;Hhhs' tu O¾u;djfha i;H;djh wjfndaO lr.ekSug wmu úu¾Ykh
lr ne,sh hq;= fõ' tfia jqj o ÿlaL wd¾h i;H .ek lshd fok úg
ñksiaiq wmyiq;djhlg m;ajk njla yÕj;s' thska .uHjk .eUqre woyia
f;areï .ekSug ue,s fj;s' ñksiqka ork fuu wdl,amh ksid nqÿoyfï
i;H jQ wruqKq jgyd .ekSug wjYH uQ,sl oekSu Tjqka i;=j ke;s nj;a
tfukau bjiSula fkdue;s nj;a fudkjg meyeÈ,s fõ' ÿl ms<sn|j nqÿka
b.ekajQ lreKq we;a; we;s ieáfha b÷rd u meyeÈ,s lr fokakls' fuh
wd¾h i;Hhla jkqfha tfyhsks' ÿl uQ,sl fn!oaO isoaOdka;hla jkafka o
tys we;s mru i;H;djh fya;=fjks'
nqÿrcdKka jykafia fuu ÿlaL i;Hh ksYaÑ; jYfhka u oek

.;a tl u Ydia;Djrhd h' tfyhska ÿla fõokd meñKs úg th u.
yeÍug kslrefKa fjr fkd ork f,ig Wkajykafia wjjdo l< fial'
ÿla fõokd we;sùu hul m%;sM,hls' flf,ia fya;=fjka ÿlafõokd
yg.kS' tfyhska tu fya;=j ÿre l< hq;=fõ' fuu flf,ia ÿre lsÍu
nqÿka jykafia fojk wd¾h i;Hh jYfhka y÷kajd § —ÿl we;sùug
we;s fya;=j˜ wjfndaO l< hq;= nj f,djg fmkajd ÿka fial' fya;=j
ÿre l< l,ays tys M,h iajNdjfhka u wfydais fõ' nqÿka jykafia ÿlaL
i;Hfhka O¾uh y÷kajd §u wdrïN lrkqfha Bg we;s idlaIs fmkajd
§ug h' túg tu fya;+ka fidhd tajd ksjerÈ lsÍug wmg yels fõ'
;=kajk wd¾h i;Hh kï ÿl ke;s lsÍuh' ish¨ ÿla fõokd yoj;

;=<ska u iïmQ¾K jYfhka ÿre lsÍuh' fuh l< yelafla y;r jk wd¾h
i;H jk" wm mqreÿ mqyqKq lrk ud¾.fha we;s úfYaIs; jQ n,h fhdojñks'
ud¾.h hkq ÿla fõokd we;s ùug ;=vq ÿka fya;= mshjfrka mshjr úkdY
lrñka ish,a, iïmQ¾Kfhka m%ySK lrjk l%u fõohka h'
nqÿka jod< fuu p;=rd¾h i;Hh foaYkd lrk ,oafoa f,dal i;ajhd
ÿlska ñoùu msKsi h' ÿla lkaordjkaf.ka msß f,dalhl i;ajhd .s,ajd
;eîug nqÿrÿka O¾uh foaYkd fkd lf<a h' p;=rd¾h i;H O¾uhka
m%{dfjka oek úuid" ÿl ke;slr ksjka wjfndaOh i|yd u foaYkd lrk
,o W;=ï O¾uhka h' fuu O¾uh tla jhia iSudjlg" tla cd;shlg" tla
j¾.hlg ia;%s mqreI fNaohlska hq;=j tfukau tla ld, mrdihlg fjka
l< foaYkdjla fkdfõ' tfia u ´kE u mrïmrdjl ´kE u mqoa.,fhl=g
ksjka ud¾.fha M, fk<d .ekSug yels nj ;yjqre l< foaYkdjls'
tksid nqÿka jykafia O¾uh —wld,sl˜ nj mejiQ fial' tod fuka u
wog;a fuu W;a;Í;r O¾ufha m%;sM, fkdwvqj fk<d .ekSug yels neõ
;yjqre fõ'
u.a. M, iy ks¾jdKh hk W;=ï O¾u;d j¾;udk ñksidf.ka

wE;ajQjla hhs is;Su w;sYh fudavluls' fn!oaOhka jYfhka tu
W;a;Í;r wruqK idlaId;a lr .ekSug wm ;=< we;s yelshdj w;miq
lr we;af;a wm u h' tu jro Ndr .; hq;af;a o wm u h' O¾uh
iïnkaO j wms od¾Yksl úi÷ï lrd uki fufyhjk kuq;a m%dfhda.sl j
th w;ayod ne,Su fndfyda úg w; miq lruq' ;%smsglfha msgq lg mdvï
lr úúO u; m%ldY lrk fmdf;a .=reka njg wo fndfyda fokd m;aj
isá;s' O¾u .%ka:hkays we;s O¾u lreKq oeäj .%yKh fldg f.k kd
kd oDIaàka f.dvk.d .ksñka" —;u keK muKska w;aoelsh yels O¾uh˜
milg ou;s' fuu W;=ï wd¾h i;Hhka ;u ukfia u fldgila nj fkd
okakd fyhska th úu¾Ykh lsÍug Tjqyq fkd fm<fU;s' nqÿka jykafia
jod< W;a;Í;r jpk muKla ;udf.a fm!oa.,sl odhdoh f,i i,ld
tajdfha /f|ñka m%dfhda.sl oyu jrojd .kakd fyhska fï wjdikdjka;
;;aFjh we;sù we;' fudjqyq nqoaO foaYkd lg mdvï lr;s' ta wkqj
O¾ufha úYdrohka jYfhka fmkS isá;s' kuq;a l÷ .Kka Wig Tjqkf.a
yoj;a ;=< flf,ia msfrñka lelEfrñka mj;S' bka wxY=jlaj;a wvqùula
ry;a M,h .ek iel we;a;ka yg wkqlïmdfjks'''''' 211
ù ke;' wm w;r fndfyda fokd ;u woyia idOdrKh lrkqfha nqÿka

jykafiaf.a wld,sl jQ O¾uh i|yka md,s .%ka:hkays we;s lreKq f.k
yer mdñka h' md,s .%ka: mßYS,kh lrk YsIHfhda tu .%ka: ish,af,a u
i|yka lreKqj, tl;=j O¾uh hhs ms<s.ekSug iQodkï j isá;s'
wkdÈu;a ld,hl isg nqÿ oyu yeoErE w;suy;a ixLHdjla jQ ckhd

tfuka u tys M, fk<d .;a wkka;j;a fn!oaOhkaf.a wmQ¾j w;aoelSïj,g
tlu ms<s;=r O¾u .%ka:hkays i|yka kHdhka iy iïu;hka muKla neõ
Tjqka iajhx ;SrKhkag nei we;' kuq;a i;H O¾uh biau;= jkafka
;u yoj; yd uki ;=<ska nj Tjqyq fkdoks;s' nqÿka jod< O¾uh wo;a
ks¾u, j Ôjudk j mj;sk fyhska j¾;udkfha tu O¾uh mqreÿ mqyqKq
lrñka O¾ufha m%;sM, w;a ú¢k wkka;j;a fn!oaOhkaf.a yoj;a ;=<
iy is;a ;=< i;H O¾uh WmÈk nj Tjqyq fkd oks;s' nqÿka jykafia
iy nqoaOY%djl ry;=ka .ek u|la úuid n,kak' md,s .%ka: t<soelaùug
fndfyda l,lg fmr fuu W;a;ufhda O¾uh oek bf.k wjfndaO lr
.;ay' O¾u .%ka: u.ska O¾uh ms<sn| m%ñ;Ska bÈßm;a lsÍug m%:u tu
W;a;ufhda W;a;Í;r udkisl ;;a;ajhka ysñ lr .;ay'
i;H O¾uh ks;r u —mÉpqmamkakh'˜ tkï - j¾;udk fudfydf;a

mj;sk O¾uhls - hk f;areuhs' nqÿka jod< O¾uh ld,h iy wjldYh
hk f,!lsl iïuq;Skag lsisfia;a ilia l< yelalla fkdfõ' fï fya;=
fldg f.k nqÿka jod< O¾uh ksis mßÈ yodrk we;a;ka úiska" tkï
kqjKe;a;ka úiska ;u ;uka flfrys ,d fufia o; hq;af;a h' nqÿyq
—mÉp;a;x fõÈ;ífnd ú[a[Qys ;s'˜ hkqfjka foaYkd lf<a tfyhsks'
Bg jhi n, fkd mdhs' lskï Y;j¾Ihl Tjqka Ôj;a jkafka o hkak o
n, fkd mdhs' fuu O¾uh —iajdlaLdf;d˜ hkqfjka olajd ;uka jykafia
ukd fldg lshk ,o O¾uhlehs myod fok fial' tfia kï fuu O¾uh
.ek ielhla we;slr .kafkda nqÿrcdKka jykafia flfrys iel we;s
lr .kafkda fkd fõ o@ ;jo —ikaÈÜGsfld˜ hkqfjka fuu O¾uh ;ud
úiska u m%;HfõlaId {dkfhka oelal hq;= nj b÷rd u foaYkd lf<a h'
wßwgÕs u.g fkdnei ry;a M,h .ek;a ry;=ka .ek;a iel lrkafkda
O¾ufhka fndfyda fia wE;a ù ;¾l Tiafia muKla hkafkda h' fï
O¾uh weú;a n,kak hhs" —tysmiaisfld˜ hkqfjka mejiQ f,dj my<

jQ tlu Ydia;Djrhd nqÿka jykafia h' fuu O¾uh w¾y;ajh iómhg
/f.k hk O¾uhlehs" —Tmkhsfld˜ hkafkka mejiQ fial' mshjfrka
mshjr bÈßhg hd yels nj O¾uh mqyqKq jkafkda oks;s' th fmd;a lshjd
oek .; fkdyel' fuys § nqÿka jykafiaf.a ;j;a iqúfYaI wjjdohla
i|yka l< hq;= fõ' tkï" Ndú;d nyq,sl;d hkakhs' jvkak fndfyda fia
jvkak hkq tys woyihs' O¾uh tkï ud¾.h fndfyda fia jvk úg M,
iy ksjk <Õd lr.;yel' ñksi;a nj ,;a wmg tu jdikdj we;s njg
úYajdih we;slr .ks;ajdæ
213
is,a ud;d ldhsõ ry;a f;rKshf.a

W;a;u is;sú,s yd wjjdo
1' fuf,dj bmÿK Tn" Tn ysñlr.;a m%{dj flfrys úYajdihla we;s

lr .; hq;= fõ' Tng fõokdldÍ oeh o" i;=g f.k fok oeh o"
fiúh yel' jákd oeh o" lsisÿ jákdlula fkdue;s oeh o Tng
fiúh yel' Tn f;dard.kakd Èidj wkqj foõf,dj fyda wmdh fyda
f;dard .; yel' ke;fyd;a ksjkg msúfik ud¾.h iy M, fidhd
.; yel' ´kEu fohla Tng fidhd .; yel' th Tn ;SrKh l<
hq;= fõ'
2' wkqkg wh;a hym;a oE Tjqkf.a h' Tjqkf.a hym;a l%shdjkaf.ka

,nk hym;a M, wmg fnod yod .ekSug fkd yel' tksid wm úiska
hym;a l%shd l< hq;= fõ'
3' l¾u M, úmdl .ek ielhla we;s fkd lr.kak' tfiau Tnf.a
l%shdjka fya;=fldg we;sjk M, úmdl .ek wvq ;lafiarejla fkd
lrkak' ukqIHhka yeáhg wm" ÿla ú|sk ish¨ i;aFjhka flfrys
ohdkqlïmdj oelaúh hq;= fõ' tfia l< hq;= jkafka" wm iefjdu o"
fmr l< l%shdjka fya;=fjka ÿla ú|skakka jQ fyhsks' fufia n,oa§
wm iefjdu tl iudk h' fyd| krl jYfhkq;a" hym;a whym;a

jYfhkq;a wmj fjkia lrkqfha" fmr Njhkays wm isÿl< l%shdjkays
iajNdjh wkqj h'
4' k.rfha iEu ksjil u jy, fiú,s lsÍu i|yd Tng wjYH ;rï
;Kfld< j.d l< fkdyel' Tng yels muKska mß;Hd.YS,S
jkak'
5' lgue; fodvjñka mqridrï lshjñka .u rg mqrd fkd weúÈkak'

hulska" Tn fodia iys; neõ fmkqKq odg" ñksfil= tkq ÿgq ueähd
j;=rg mek ieÕfjkakd fia" Tng o ieÕù isàug isÿ jkq we;' Tn
f.d¿jl= kï" ;ud úplaIK flfkl= hhs m%isoaO fkd lrkak'
6' ;ukaf.a jpkh yslaujd .ekSug wiu;a wh" Tjqkf.a jokaj, yß

je/oao jgyd .ekSug wiu;a fj;s' i;Hh jgyd .;a wh fndfyda úg
ksy~ fj;s' i;Hh .ek ks;r ks;r l:d lrk we;af;da —i;Hh˜
.ek okafka iaj,amhls'
7' Tnf.a ldhsl l%shdjka .ek" jpk .ek iy is;sú,s .ek úuis,af,ka
isàug wêIaGdk lrf.k Ydka; j jdih lrkak' jeämqr l;d
fkdlrkak' Tn lrorj,g megf,k wjia:djka Woa.; fkd
lr.kak' Tn i;= iajhx md,kh úkdY ùug bv fkd fokak'
jeäuy,a,kg wf.!rj fkd lrkak' Tn l:d lrk foa .ek
úuis,su;a jkak' ixhufhka iskdfikak'
8' fudk ;rï ióm l=¨m. flfkl= iu. jqj o" Tfí jpkh fkd
ie,ls,su;a ;;aFjhlg jeàug bv fkd ;nkak' Tn fudk;rï bÉPd
Nx.;ajhg m;a jqj o" Tfí joka fl%daO iy.; fkd lr.kak'
9' Tn iqofkl= fkdù" hym;a wfhl= nj wka whg yeÕùug m%fhda.ldÍ

fkdjkak' lmá fkd jkak' ;ud iS,jka;fhl= hhs o" kqjKe;af;l=
hhs o" wÕjñka wkqka rjgkakd iodpdrfhka msßyqKq fudavfhls'
10' fuf,dj bmÿKq wm" f.ù hk Èk udi iy wjqreÿj,g jeä

jákdlula §ug fm,fò' wms wmf.a Ôú; iy wkqkf.a Ôú;j,
jákdlï .ek úYajdi lrkafkuq' fuu fya;=j ksid wms ks;r
fofõf,a ÿla fõokd .ek jeä ie,lSula olajkafkuq'
is,a ud;d ldhsõ ry;a f;rKshf.a W;a;u is;sú,s yd wjjdo 215
11' wms bmÿKq od isg wiaÓr jQ fï Ôú;hg ;Èka we,S miq;eùug uq,
mqrkafkuq' wms thg ìh fjuq' fuhg ìh fjuq' wmf.a is;a jy jyd
f,!lsl fm,Uùïys .s,"S f,daN oafõY Nh u.ska fufyhjk fudaydêl
m%jK;djhlg weo f.k hhs' wm bmfokqfha fuu iajNdjh Wreu
fldg f.khs' fï .ek wm wo u hula fkdl<fyd;a fuu iajNdjh
bÈßhg f.k hñka uefrkq we;' fudk fudav lula o @
12' ÿl - wm WmÈk úg f.kd foa muKhs wmg we;af;a' wjYH oE"

wjYH fkdjk oE" iEySulg m;aùu" fkd iEySulg m;a ùu" ys|
.ekSu" ydkais ùu" lEu" u<my lsÍu" uq;%d lsÍu" '''''" kuq;a flda
iekiSula @ flda wiajeis,a,la @ ÿl tfiau mj;S' tksid wm Ndjkd
lroa§" fuu iuia; ÿla lkaordj u úuish hq;= fõ'
13' wms lsisodl iEySulg m;a fkd fjuq' l=re¨ .S weiSug wms m%sh lruq"
kuq;a tu .S y~ f>daIdjlg fmr¿K fyd;a wms fldam fjuq'
14' ñksiqkaf.a yoj;a ÿla fõokdjkaf.ka ysrù we;s fyhska" lsisjla

meyeÈ,s j oelsh fkd yel' wdYdjka miq mi yUd hñka" tajd
wNskkaokh lrñka" fudav ñksiaiq oE;a È.=lr" ÿla lkaordj idorfhka
ms<s.ks;s' Tjqyq ÿl" i;=g hhs jrojd ms<s.ks;s' {dkjka;fhda i;Hh
jQ i;=g l=ulaoehs y÷kd.kakd ;=re" tfiau i;Hh jQ ÿl l=ulaoehs
y÷kd .kakd ;=re ;u yoj; ;=<g tî n,d ksÍlaIKh lr;s'
Tjqkf.a yoj;a myiqfjka isr jkafka ke;' Tjqka ;=< uqrKavqlu
we;sjQ úg" Tjqyq uqrKavqlu y÷kd .ks;s' Tjqka ;=< lkiai,a, we;s
jQ úg" Tjqyq lkiai,a, y÷kd .ks;s' Tjqka ;=< fudavlu ÿgq úg
Tjqyq th o y÷kd .ks;s' Tjqyq ;u fodaIhka foi n,;s' Tjqka wkqka
fodaI o¾Ykhg ,la lsÍug fjfyfikafka ke;'
15' mßmQ¾K YS,h biau;= lr .; yelafla zw;ayeÍfïZ .=Kh j¾Okh

lsÍfuks' i;Hh jQ úYsIag;ajh we;af;a yoj; ;=<h'
16' Tfí yoj; iy uki foi fidaÈisfhka n,kak' ishqï f,i

ksÍlaIKh lrkak' Tn fidhkd ÈjH f,dalh iy wmdh we;af;a
tys h' ish¨ ÿla fõokdjkaf.ka ñÿKq" wdrlaIs; jQ ksjk lrd hk
wd¾h ud¾.h we;af;a o t;ek h'
17' úfõpk yuqfõ fkd ie,S isákak' tfiau m%Yxid yuqfõ Woaoduhg
m;a fkd jkak' Tfí is; Ndjkd jeãu .ek muKla" b÷rd u
fhduq fldg" w¨hu isg w÷r jefgk f;la mqreÿ mqyqKq lrkak'
YS,fha mßmQ¾K;ajh f.dv k.d .kak' i;Hh jQ jpk u muKla
l;dlrkak'
18' ;udg wjxl ùu Tfí YS,fha wä;d,uhs' Tn Tnj y÷kd .kak' Tn"
Tfí jro ms<sf.k" tajd ksjerÈ lr .ekSug lghq;= lrkak' lsisjla
Tfnka fkd iÕjkak' úfYaIfhka Tn" Tng fndreldrfhl= fkd
jkak' Tng fndreldrfhl= ùu" Tnf.a YS,fha uq,a wä;d,u úkdY
lr .ekSuls' Tn i;=gq kï uq¿uy;a f,dalhg u fndre lsj yel'
kuq;a Tn Tng fndre fkd lshd .kak'
19' f.dùka ;u l=Uqre ilia lr.kakd fia Tn Tfí uki o ilia

lr.kak' l%u l%ufhka ìu ilia lr.kak' mi ilia lr .kak'
kshrj,a n|skak' îc jmqrkak' fmdfydr biskak' j;=r n|skak' j,a
me< .,jd oukak' wjidkfha wk¾> wiajekakla fk<d .ekSug
Tng yelsjkq we;'
20' Tn Ndjkdj mqyqKq fkd lf<a kï" Ndjkdj l< hq;= wkaou Tng
jgyd .; fkd yels jkq we;' Tn u i;Hh fkd oel" tys f;areu
Tng fkd jegfykq we;'
21' WoEik fndfyda YS;hs lshñka o" oyj, .%SIauhs lshñka o" iji
ksÈu;hs lshñka o" WodiSk j isg" Ndjkd lsÍug ld,hla ke;ehs
fkd lshkak' w,i nfõ flf,ia kdohg ijka §" m%{djka;hkaf.a
wjjdoj,g úreoaO fkd jkak' ;uka f.a is;sú,sj, muKla fj<S
isák nhdÿ mqoa.,hd ;u fldÜgh w; m; ..d isákjd ñi ksjka
uf.ys lsisÿ m%.;shla fkd ,nkq we;'
22' Ndjkdj oeä lemùulska hq;=j mqreÿ mqyqKq lsÍug wêIaGdk lr

.kak' Tfí is;;a lh;a O¾uh fiùu i|yd lem lrkak' ksjka u.
wdf,dalj;a lr .ekSug Tfí yoj; oe,ajqKq mkaoula lr .kak'
fkdie,S tu uf.ys hk Tng" zÿlZ wjfndaO lr.; yelsjkq we;'
YS,fha mßmQ¾K nj o we;s lr .ekSug fjfyfikak' O¾ufha
jeo.;alu my;a fldg fkd is;kak'
23' msßisÿ YS,h fkd lvd /lf.k lemùfuka Ndjkd lrkak' fï

i|yd Tng ;U i;hlaj;a úhoï fkdjkq we;' lïue,slu ÿr,kak'
isf;a ixis£u yd m%{dj ÈhqKq jQ úg" flf,iaj,ska is; ñfokq we;'
ish¨ we,Sï ÿre lr" uy;a jQ ÿla lkaordfjka ñfokak'
24' mud fkdù" Tn ;=<u wdrlaIs; /ljrKhla ia:dms; lr .kak' Tn

tfia fkd l< fyd;a" Tn uefrk fudfydf;a§" yoj; ;=<" iq.;s
.dó ùug iúu;a n,hla we;s miqìula f.dv fkd kef.kq we;'
lsisÿ fNaohlska f;dr j" iEu i;a;ajfhl= u bm§u fyda urKh
fyda w;aolS' iEu mqoa.,fhl= u fkdkj;ajd u ÿla .eyeg ú¢ñka
ueß ueÍ Wm§' iEu jhil u ñksiqka" lskï f.da;%hlg wh;a jqj;a"
lskï iudc ;,hl isáh;a" fuys § yefudau tl iudkh' wm fyg
Wfoa uef¾ o" wo iji uef¾o" wms fkd oksuq' kuq;a ksis fõ,dj
meñKs úg urKh wm lrd tk nj kï ksh; h'
25' wms kej; kej; ueß ueÍ WmÈuq' bm§u" crdjg hEu" urKh hk
pl%h fkd kj;ajdu l%shd;aul fõ' nqÿrcdKka jykafia f.ka
mejf;k wms" wm ;=<ska i;H jQ O¾uhla fkd fidhd Èrdm;a ù
l=Kq ù hEug muKla Ôj;a ùfuka we;s M,h l=ula o@ urKh
meñKs l< msßisÿj hy;ska uefrkak' uefrK úg is;;a lh;a lsisÿ
we,Sulska f;drj w; yer" uefrkak' ish,af,a u we;s ;;= h:dN+; j
olsñka" uefrkak' nqÿka jykafia oelajQ u. ks;r ks;r isys lrñka"
uefrkak' h<s;a jrla fkd uefrk ;;ajhlg meñK uefrkak'
26' ug weyqïlka fokak' idudkH if;l= jdf.a lld ìî ksod .ksñka

ld,h .; fkdlrkak' f,!lsl iem iïm;a wNskkaokh fkd
lrñka" Ôj;a ùug ;Èka is;g .kak' wkd.; Njhka ms<sn|j Nhla
we;slr .kak' ksrdñi i;=g foi Tfí yoj; újr lrkak' ;u
Ôú; m;=f,a w¿hg .sks fuka oeú oeù mj;sk flf,ia f.dkak
foi kslrefKa n, n,d ld,h .; fkd lrkak'
27' wm Ôj;a jk f,dalh .ek oekSu m%fhdackj;a úh yel' kuq;a

Tn ms<sn| oekSu wka lsisÿ oekSula iu. iei¢h fkd yel' wm
wmf.a mshú weiska hula foia n,d" ,nd .kakd wjfndaOhg jvd
úo¾Ykd weiska n,d ,nd .kakd wjfndaOh fndfyda fia fjkia h'
wmf.a f,!lsl is;sú,sj,ska jgyd fok" yrhla fkd ue;s oekSu"

jia;+kaf.a h:d ;;ajh .ek" m%{dfjka ,nk oekSu ;rï .eUqrla
ke;'
28' Èkla udf.a lïuÜGdkdpd¾h" uqka uyd f;reka jykafia f.ka

flfkl= fujeks m%Yakhla weiqfõ h' —wdrKHjdiS NslaIQka fudk
jdf.a fmd;a o lshjkafka @˜ túg Wkajykafiaf.a ms<s;=r jQfha" —ta
we;af;da bf.k .kafka weia jid f.k" is; wjÈ lrf.k hs'˜ uu
w¨hu wjÈ jQ jyd u uf.a weiaj,g" rEm kï jQ fjä jreidjla
jÈkjd' t;fldg uu wefia iy rEmfha tla ùu úu¾Ykh lrkjd'
uf.a lka Yíoj,ska .efgkjd' uf.a kdihg .| iqj| oefkkjd'
uf.a Èjg ri oefkkjd' uf.a YÍrh YS;, WIaK" ;o .;sh" isks÷
.;sh ú¢oa§" uf.a is; is;sú,sj,ska yd yeÕSïj,ska neg lkjd'
uu fï yeu fohla u ksrka;r j úu¾Ykh lrkjd' tfia lrk
úg udf.a iEu bkaøshla u ug .=rejrfhla fjkjd' túg uu uq¿
oji ;siafia u lsisÿ úfõlhla fkdue;sj O¾uh bf.k .kakjd'
fudk wdh;kh .eko uu wjOdkh fhduq l< hq;af;a lshd ;SrKh
lrkafka uu hs' tfia ;SrK l< miq tys i;Hh úksúo olskak uu
fjfyfikjd' uf.a .=re;=ud" wdpd¾h uqka ug Ndjkd lrk úÈh
b.ekajQfha fufyuhs'
29' wmf.a lh zoeä wdYdjZ u;= lrjk jeo.;a wruqKls' oeäj .%yKh
jk laf,aYhla jk —we,Su˜ fuys m%;sM,hls' tys wjidkh zÿlZ
h' fuh ch .ekSug kï" Tnf.a wjOdkh" Èrdm;a j crdjg hk"
tfuka u is|s ì|S hk zñksia lhZ fj; fhduq úh hq;= fõ' tfia
fhduq fjoa§" ñksia YÍrfha ixhq;sh .ek ukfia ms<sl=,la we;s
fõ' ñksia YÍrh ilia j we;s whqre ms<sn|j w;sYhska wm%shla we;s
fõ' lh .ek ms<sl=, j¾Okh fj;a u" isf;ys ieye,a¨ nj iy
m%Ndiajrh ;Sj% j biau;= fõ' ñksia lh" fudfyd;ska fudfyd;
fjkia jk" wähla m<," wä yhla È." f,a uiaj,ska msreKq uia
f.dvls' fujka YÍrhlg wm olajk we,au ksid we;sjk ÿla f.dv
oelSu" O¾uh foig wmf.a is;a fhduq lrjk uQ,sl m%{djhs' lh
foi h:d ;;ajfhka olsk we;af;da O¾uh jy jyd wjfndaO lr
.ks;s'
30' Ndjkdfõ fh§ isáoa§ wreu mqÿu wiajdNdúl foa isÿ fõ' tajd tfia
isÿùug bv yßkak' tajdg fkd wef,kak' we;af;ka u tu isÿùï"
ndysr lreKq ksid we;s jk" w;a yeßh hq;= foaj,a h' tajd milg
oud bÈßhg u hkak' tajd w,a,d f.k fkd isákak' ish¨ ú[a[dK
;,hka WmÈkafka isf;ka h' ÈjHf,dalh iy wmdfhys wdrïNh
is;h' fm%a;fhda" foúfhda" mD:.ack ñksiaiq" NslaIqKSka '''''' ish¨
i;a;ajhkaf.a wdrïNh is; h' tksid ;u is; .ek u muKla is;
fhduq lr isàu jvd;a iqÿiq h' t;ek uq¿ úYajh u Tng yuqfjkq
we;'
31' w;sYhska msßisÿ fkd fi,afjk c,h we;s fmdl=Kl m;=f,ys we;s
oE b;d meyeÈ,s j oel.; yel' .eUqre f,i ;ekam;a jQ yoj;
fkd ie,S ksYap, j mj;S' yoj; ksYap, jQ l< m%{dj myiqfjka
fudaÿ ù .,d ths' m%{dj .,d toa§" msßisÿ wjfndaOh ta iu. biau;=
fõ' f,dalfha wks;H;djh" ÿlaÅ; iajNdjh" iy widrj;a nj" úÿ,s
ierhla fia m%{d weiska Èia ù" uy;a jQ ÿla lkaordjlg we,S .e,S
isàu .ek lkiai,a,g m;aù" ;ekam;a Èúhlg is; ilia fõ' tfia
is; isis,a jQ wjia:dfõ yojf;a oefjñka ;snQ .sks oe,a flfuka ksù"
iajNdjfhka u ÿlska ñ§ug is; ilia fõ' isf;a fuu mßj¾;kh
isÿjkq fha" zwdrïNl is;Z iajNdjfhka u w;smsßisÿ ksle,e,a is;la
fyhsks' isf;ys wdrïNl idudkH ;;a;ajh" msßisÿ njhs' th ls,sá
jkafka ndysr wruqKq n,y;aldrfhka we;=¿ lr.kakd fyhsks' tfia
ms<s.kakd wruqKq" fodïki fidïki wd§ yeÕSïj,g bv §" isf;ys
iajlSh msú;=re nj iïmQ¾Kfhka u w÷re lr.kakd f;la" is;sú,s
îxiaLdr& cks; lrjhs'
32' ish,a, ujkafka wmf.a is;h' weia rEm olS' lka Yío wihs' kdih
.| iqj| wd>%dKh lrhs' Èj ri ú|shs' YÍrh myi ú|shs' yoj;
yeÕSï w;aolS' kuq;a is; fï yeu fohla .ek u n,ñka oekqj;a
ù isà' is; fï ish,a, olS' tajd .ek kd kd whqßka is;hs' wmf.a
isysh iy m%{dj ;Sj% jQ úg" fï iEu ueùula u wmg n,d .; yel'
kuq;a fndfyda úg laf,aYfhda wmj Tjqkf.a iajNdúl" Yla;su;a jQ;a
fõ.j;a jQ;a m%jdyh iu. f.k h;s' wmg l=ula ù oehs jegfykakg;a
m%:u wms fldamhg m;aù yudr h' wms f,daN iy.; ù" uq,d ù
udkdêl ù yudr h' tfia jkafka wmj flf,iaj,ska /jgQ fyhsks'

tksid fuu flf,iaj, n,mEu .ek b;du;a úuis,su;a ù isÿúh
yels msßySu .ek l,amkdldÍ jkak' myiqfjka Tnj uq,d lsÍug
flf,iaj,g bv fkd fokak' flf,iaj, l%shdldß;ajh fu,a,
lsÍug wm olaI jqjfyd;a" tys wY=Njd§ Yla;sh" Y=Njd§ wdOHd;añl
n,hlg mßj¾;kh l< yel' WfoHda.su;a j bjis,sjka; j Wkkaÿ
jkak'
33' Tfí m%.;sfha fõ.h" Tn w;S;fha f.dkq lr.;a iS, mdró l=i,hka
u; iy j¾;udkfha Tn jdäù iy ilauka bßhõys flfrk Ndjkd
i|yd fhdojk ù¾hh u; r|d mj;skq we;' tu ksid ks;r u iS,h
rlsñka lsisÿ wl=i,a fÉ;kdjla Tn is; ;=<g fkd joaod .ekSug
fjfyfikak' fufia Tn l%u l%ufhka mqyqKq fjoa§ Tnf.a jgyd
.ekSfï Yla;sh áflka ál ÈhqKq ù is; msßisÿ fõ' Tn" Tfí h:dN+;
{dkh yoj; ;=<ska mqnqÈk nj olsoa§ ÿla ú|sñka meñKs §¾> udj;l
wjidkh Tng áflka ál Èia fjkq we;'
34' W;am;a;sfhka Tn Wreu lr.;a —i;sh˜ iy —m%{dj˜ ÈhqKq lr.ekSu

fkd i,ld WodiSk j isàfuka" tfuka u" Tnf.a Ôú;h yd iïnkaO
i;H;djhka .ek Wkkaÿjla fkd ue;sj l,a .; lsÍfuka" Tn .uka
lrk ksjka uf.ys ndOl áflka ál j¾Okh ù" iïmQ¾Kfhka u"
jeiS fkd fmkS hdug bv we;' tu ud¾.fhys wjidkh iodld,slj
u Tng w÷frka jid ;nkq we;'
35' ksjka hkak ´kE hhs lshñka ñksiqka fn,a, lrljñka ksula ke;s
wkka; jQ wdldYh foi n,ñka bkakjd' tfia fudk;rï uykais
ù n,d isáh o" ksjk fidhd .ekSug wmyiq neõ Tjqyq fkd ols;s'
f,!lsl h:d¾:jdoh ;=< ksjk lsisfia;a fkd mj;S'
36' miq.sh wjqreÿ .Kkdj ;=< ud jvdf.k wd Ndjkd mqyqKqj myiqfjka

l< yelalla fkdfõ' th fndfyda ÿIalr h' fuu .uk hoa§" udf.a
YÍr Yla;sh" wêIaGdkh oek uek .ekSug uu fndfyda ÿIalr;d
bjid isáfhñ' Èk .Kkdjla uu wdydr fkdue;s j ksrdydr j
isáfhñ' fndfyda rd;%Ska uu je;sÍ" ksod.ekSu m%;slafIam flf<ñ'
ÿIalr;d bjiSu udf.a yoj;g wdydrhla úh' uf.a ysig úfõlhla
jQfha W;aidyh kï jQ fldÜghhs' Tno w;ayod n,kak' Tfí

wêIaGdkh Tn u úNd. lr n,kak' Tfí isf;ys we;s woaN+; n,h
Tng jyd fidhd.; yelsjkq we;'
37' jpkfha mßiudma;fhka u is,a ud;djla jkak' ÿ.| yuk f,!lsl

Ôú;hkays mg,eù" Tng kshu jQ ld¾h wfydais fkd lr .kak'
tfiau Tn w; yer wd ksji iy mjq, foi we¨ï we;slr .ksñka
wdmiq yeÍ fkd n,kak' ks;ru l;d lrk" wkqka f.ka Woõ moõ
b,a,k w,i is,a ud;djla fkd jkak' pdï Èú fmfj;lska iEySulg
m;ajkak' urKhg Nh fkd jkak' wiNH foaj,a .ek lsis Èkl
l;d fkdlrkak' h:d¾:h muKla l;d lrkak' udf.a is,a ud;djka
YsIagiïmkak j yeisßh hq;= fõ' Tn i;H jYfhka u udf.a wkq.dñl
is,a ud;djka ùug wfmalaId lrkafka kï" udf.a Wmfoiaj,g
weyqïlka fokak' Tfí yeisÍu .ek uu fpdaokd lroa§" ud wdo¾Yhg
.ksñka" Tn bf.k .kafka hhs ieu úgu is;kak'
38' Tn udf.a YsIHdjka ùug meñKsfha kï" W;=ï jQ wdo¾Yj;a ñksiqka

ùug ù¾h .kak' ÿIalr;d ch .ekSfï wd;au Yla;sfhka hq;=
ffO¾hj;a j Ndjkd mqyqKqfjys fhfok" ieu fudfyd;l u Tfí
we;=<; i;Hh oek .ekSug fjfyfik" m%ikak is,a ud;djla
jkak'
39' uf.ka bf.k .kakd wh" bÈßhg ;nk mshjrla mshjrla mdid"
nqÿrcdKka jykafia .;a u. .ek uy;a jQ úYajdihla ;eìh hq;=hs'
w;S;fha wysñ jQ iïm;a .ek liai¨ fkd jkak' wkd.;fha
jdis n,dfmdfrd;a;= fkd jkak' tjka is;sú,s Tnj uq,d lrhs'
w,i lug is; keUqrejk iEu fudfyd;l u Bg tfrysj igka
lrkak' f,fyisfhka fldÜghg hg;a fjkak tmd' Tfí is; foi
úuis,af,ka n,kak' tfia n,d yoj; ;=< we;s i;Hh fidhkak'
40' m%Yakhla wikakg m%:u" Tn u ms<s;=rla fiùug fjfyfikak' Tn

yß yeá úu¾Ykh l< fyd;a fndfydaúg ms<s;=rla fidhd .ekSug
Tng yels jkq we;'
41' nqÿoyu mqyqKq fjoa§" Tn hd hq;= u. Tn u fidhd.; hq;= h' —ÿl˜

wìnjd hk ud¾.h fidhd oek mgka .; hq;af;a Tnu h' ksjerÈ
j th fidhk l%uh kï" Tfí is; ;=<g tî ne,Suhs' ud¾.h jeà

we;af;a wmf.a yoj;a iy is;a we;=<; h' tksid wjidkh lrd hk
;=re oeä wêIaGdkfhka lghq;= lrkak'
42' ñksiaiq ;Èka w,a,df.k ÿla ú|s;s' Tjqyq tajd w; fkd yß;s' l=ßre
n,dfmdfrd;a;= isf;ys r|jd fl%daOfhka w;a fkdyß;s' Tjqka hk
hk ;ek ÿl Tjqka miqmi ÿqn|S' tksid Tn" Tnj ksÍlaIKh
fldg zw;a yeÍuZ bf.k .kak'
43' Ndjkd mqyqKqfõ jákdlu .ek iel fkdlrkak' Tfí yelshdjka

wj;lafiarejg ,la fkd lrkak' Tn ^Ndjkdfjka& hï m%.;shla
,enqfõ o" thska iEySulg m;a jkak' tu m%.;sfhka ms<sìUq jkafka
—Tn lõoehs˜ hkak ms<sn| i;H ;;aFjfha fldgils' tu ksid ta
.ek Tng úYajdihla ;eìh yel' Tn we;a; jYfhka u ljqreka
oehs Tn u úuid n,kak' WmÈkafka lõreka o@ wikSm jkafka"
uy¨ jkafka" uefrkafka lõreka o@ Tfí YÍrh Tfí uki" Tfí
Ôú;h '''''''''' fï oE Tng wh;a foa fkd fõ' f,dalfha we;s ÿla
fodïkiaj,ska Tnf.a i;H iajNdjh fkd flf,id .kak'
44' uu Wmdisldjla f,i iiqka .; jQ od isg udf.a yojf;ys wm

øjH msßisÿ lsÍu fkd lvjd lrf.k .sfhñ' uf.a uQ,sl iajNdjh
ks;r fofõf,a msßisÿ lrñka Tm oeñh hq;=h" hkak .ek uu isys
l,amkdfjka isáfhñ'
45' nqoaO Oïu ix> hk fndaê jDlaIhkays isis,a fijK ,nñka irK
hd yelafla wd¾h m%{djka;fhl=g muKs'
223
iudma;sh
wdpd¾h bka;jdhs ika;=iaifld ysñ ;dhs,ka; jk fikiqka fcHaIaG

iajdóka jykafia kuls' is,a ud;d ldhsõf.a woaú;Sh Ôú; mqrdjD;a;h .ek
úfYaI Wkkaÿjla oelajQfha h' ndka yqwdhs idhs .ïudkhg kqÿre .ul
bmso wjqreÿ 11 § idufKar ysñ kula jYfhka iiqka .; jQ Wkajykafia
is,a ud;d ldhsõ <ud ld,fha isg y÷kk flfkls' fuu fofokd
wdOHd;añl jYfhka ióm ine|shdjla ixidrh ;=< ;snQ neõ m%isoaO úh'
fuu l¾udkql+, {d;s;ajh is,a ud;d ldhsõ fkdfhla wjia:dj, ikd:
lr we;'
wdodyk mQfcda;aijh ksu ù ál Èklska wdpd¾h bka;jdhs

ika;=iaifld ysñ ldhsõ ry;a f;rKshf.a ohdj wkqlïmdj wiSñ;
ffu;%sh lreKdj iy m%{dj ms<sìUq lrk isysjgk iaudrlhla bÈ lsÍug
woyia lf<a h' ldhsõ ry;a f;rKshg f.!rj oelaùu i|yd wef.a Od;+ka
ksOka fldg tu iaudrlh bÈ lsÍug iqÿiq ia:dkhla Wkajykafia i,l=Kq
lr .;af;a h' th yeu ;rd;srul whj¨kayg jkaokdudk lsÍug myiq
;ekla úh'
wjqreÿ .Kkdjla ie,iqï lr wjidkfha nexfldla k.rfha ÿïßh

bxðfkare uy;=ka lSmfmd<la iu. wä 80 la Wi ia:Qmhla bÈ lf<a h'
th ndka yqwdhs idhs is,a ud;d wdrKHhg iómj bÈ flreKs' Od;= .¾Nh
jgd frdai u,a iy ks,a udfk,a u,a msreKq o¾YkSh fmdl=Kls' iajdNdúl
fi!kao¾h yd noaO fjñka bÈ flreKq fuu iaudrlh b;d wdl¾IKSh
h' isysjgk ia:Qmh 2006 uehs ui 21 jeks Èk ks, jYfhka újD; lrk
,§' tod isg fuu iaudrlh f,dal mQð; ù we;' uq;= ueKsla iajrEmh .;a
wef.a wÜGs Od;+ka mQcdikh u; m%o¾Ykh lr we;' Ôjudk m%ñ;Skag
wkqj m%;sud ;=kla ;kd we;' fojk uyf,a iqÿj;ska ieriqKq" báj,ska
;ekQ ys|s bßhõfjka hq;a m%;sudjls'
;dhs,ka; cd;sl l,dlrejka fuu ukaÈrh w;sYhska l,d;aul lr

we;' wdpd¾h uyd fndajd f;reka jykafia fuu Od;+ka Od;= .¾Nfha
;ekam;a lsÍfï W;aijhg iyNd.s úh'
fï mQckSh wjia:dfõ wms is,a ud;d ldhsõ ry;a f;rKshg f.!rj

lsÍu i|yd /ia ù isáuq' weh wdpd¾h uqka uyd f;reka jykafiaf.a
wd¾h Y%dúldjls' wdpd¾h uqka ysñf.a Od;+ka fï jk úg m<sÕ= ;;ajhg
fjkia ù we;' ry;aNdjh ia;%s mqreINdjh u; r|d fkd mj;skakls' ia;%s
mqreI ljqreka fyda fõjd" mdró O¾uhka iïmQ¾K fldg ish¨ flf,ia
m%ySK lsÍug flfkl= iu;a fõo" tu ;eke;a;d w¾y;a fõ' is,a ud;d
ldhsõ wmg ÿka wdo¾Yh wkqj hñka mdró O¾uhkaf.ka wm yoj;a mqrjd
.ekSug ù¾h .; hq;=hs'
wE ,o w;súYsIag wdOHd;añl ÈhqKqjg uq¿ yoj;ska u .re lsÍu nqoaO

Oïu ix> hk ;%súO r;akhg jkaokd lsÍu yd iudk h' wm yefudag u
wef.a ksle,e,a mú;%;ajh irK hd yel'
225
isysjgk
is,aud;d ry;a f;rKshf.a iaudrlh
uq;= njg m;ajQ wiaÓ Od;+ka m<sÕ= njg m;ajQ wiaÒ Od;+ka
ry;a f;rKshf.a m%;sudj yd

mdßfNda.sl jia;+ka

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ye¢kaùu i

wehf.a ry;a M,h olajd .uka u. iy

ii is,aud;d ldhsõ ( uE; ld,fha my< jQ ry;a f;rKsh

© NslaLq wdkkao 2011

Y%S ,xld cd;sl mqia;ld, uKav,h - m%ldYk iqÑlrK o;a;

fmd; ,nd.; yels ia:dk

1' nqoaOx., wdrKHh

fï fmd; .ek mßj¾;lf.ka '''''''''

—uhs Ñ ldhsõ˜ kïjQ bx.%Sis fmd; ud w; m;ajQfha 2010 j¾Ifha w.

fï ldf, ry;a fjkak mq¿jka o@ md,s jpkhlaj;a fkdoek

fujka woyia ;ekska ;ek idlÉPd jk iudchlg fuu fmd;

iy m%dfhda.slj Ndjkdfjka ,nk —h:dN+; {dkh˜ w;r fjki fuu

j¾;udkfha fmdfydh Èkl fõjd fjk;a wd.ñl jev igykl

fï fmd; idudkH .eyekshla ry;a f;rKshlf.a ukila ;ud ;=<

uE; hq.fha my< jQ ry;a f;rKshlf.a l;dj isxy,g mßj¾;kh

—iquq;a;d uekúka ñÿfKa fjñ' ;=ka l=foka ñÿfKa fjñ' jxf.äfhka"

fï l=ÿ ñksfil= yd újdy ù keñ keó jxf.äfhka fuda,a .iska

fuu fmd; lshjk ia;%s mqreI yeugu O¾ufha M, fk<d .ekSfï

;dhs NdIdfjka uq,ajrg ,shejqKq fuu fmdf;ys bx.%Sis mßj¾;kh

ry;a M,h" fklaLïu iqjh ú|skf a kda ysñlr.kakd jdikdjls(

;dhs,ka;fha NslaIqKS Ydikhla fkdue;' .sysf.hska iaÓr j u

tfuka u fujka fmd;la wm rg ;=< uqøKh jkafka uq,a j;djg nj

O¾u odkhla jYfhka fkdñf,a fnodyefrk fuu fmd;

ud jik nqoaOx., wdrKHh" i¾j{Od;+ka iy ießhq;a uq.,ka

h:d¾:h oelSfï Yla;sh wvx.=

NslaLq iS,r;fkda 205

ry;a M,h .ek iel we;a;ka yg wkqlïmdfjks 207

is,aud;d ldhsõ ry;a f;rKshf.a

ldka;djla j isáh §" mjq,la ;=< /lsh hq;= iïm%odhka" weh j

jk ;;aFjhkaf.ka fyì f,dalfha f,!lsl wdYdjkag fkd we,S" lsisÿ

nqÿrcdKka jykafia fmkajd ÿka —W;=ï ksjk˜ lsisÿ cd;s mx;s

mqreIfhl=" wdOHd;añl Ôjk rgdjlg wj;S¾K ùu i|yd ;u

Ydikh id¾:l j jHdma; jqj o" hqo wr., iy ÿ¾NslaI fya;=fjka

;dhs,ka;fha Ndjkd mqyqKqj fokq ,nk wdrKHhka tfuka u

ndysr ,laIKhkaf.ka ñÿKq is;" ksjk lrd hEfï m%jK;djh

uki ;rï úYauhckl lsisjla fkdue;' b;d Wiia uÜgulska

l¾udkql+, j fuu wd;aufha ,nd .;a Ñ;a; Yla;Ska" flfkl=f.ka

flfia jqj o .eUqßka is;oa§" ldhsõ is,a ud;djf.a Ndjkd l%uh"

ldhsõ is,a ud;dj ^uhs Ö ldhsõ& .ïno ldka;djls' ;dhs,ka;fha

Ndjkdfhda.S Èúhlg fhduq jQ fndfyda ldka;djkaf.a ksoyi iSud

Ndjkdfjka ÈhqKq udkisl ;;ajhla ,nd .;a meúoaoka iudc

mqreIhka yd iudk ;;ajfha we;s nj ms<s.ksñka" ldka;djkag Wiia

uhs Ö ldhsõf.a pß;dmodkh fufia f.dkqfldg we;af;a ,nd .;

mQcH bka;jdhs ysñfhda fuu fmd; ,sùfuys ,d ug uy;a jQ ffO¾hhla

wNHka;r úia;r;a" f,!lsl Ôú;fhka wE;a j .; l< uq,a wjêh .ek;a

fuu úia;r ish,a, u wehf.a Ôú; l;dj kue;s i¿j f.;Sug

wms fuf,djg ìysù f.ú f.ù hk

pkaø mdIdK uq;=

kujk Y; j¾Ih uq, § ;dhs cd;slhka ol=Kq Ökfha isg" áflka

ishjia .Kkdjla fudjqyq ÿ¾NslaIhkag c, .e,Sïj,g" iajNdúl

fuu olaI mQ ;dhs cd;slfhda foaYmd,kSh jYfhka tlg ne÷Kq ck

merKs ishfuys uqlaoyka m%dka;fha ldï pd B Èia;%slalfha Ôj;a jQ"

ó fldx .x.dj Tiafia Èj .sh w;súYd, ireidr N+ñ m%foaYhl msysá

jqj o" iajdëk j odhdo lr.;a ffO¾hjka;lñka hq;a" mQ ;dhs cd;slhka

19 jk Y; j¾Ih w." ishfï ndka yqwdhs idhs .ïudkfha

ufyia;%d;a ;fidka idudkH nqoaêhla we;s ck;djg fiajh lsÍug

iyldßhka j isá neõ o weh mejiqjdh' j¾;udk ldhsl iajrEmh

;mdhsf.a uj iy mshd b;d Nla;su;a fn!oaOfhda jQy' Tjqka nqÿ

;u mshd NslaIQka jykafia,dg oela jQ w;suy;a jQ f.!rjh ;mdhs

wju.=,a W;aijh pdï j mej;=Ks' tÈk ;mdhs" fkdie,ls,su;a

wïudf.a wNdjh;a iuÕ ;mdhs nd, úfha § u —fjkiaùu˜ —wysñùu˜

;u ìß|f.a wNdjfhka miq ;fidka iEu i;r fmdah Èkl § u ;u

nqÿka jykafiaf.a Wm; nqoaO;ajh yd mßks¾jdKh isys lrk fjila