Isolated Footing Design Page 1 of 136

Isolated Footing Design(ACI 318-05)

Design For Isolated Footing 1

Design For Isolated Footing 2

Design For Isolated Footing 3

Design For Isolated Footing 4

Design For Isolated Footing 5

Design For Isolated Footing 7

Design For Isolated Footing 8

Design For Isolated Footing 10

Design For Isolated Footing 11

Design For Isolated Footing 13

Design For Isolated Footing 15

Design For Isolated Footing 16

Design For Isolated Footing 17

Design For Isolated Footing 18

Design For Isolated Footing 19

Footing No. Group ID Foundation Geometry

- - Length Width Thickness
1 1 1.250 m 1.250 m 0.250 m
2 2 1.400 m 1.400 m 0.250 m
3 3 1.000 m 1.000 m 0.250 m
4 4 1.250 m 1.250 m 0.250 m
5 5 1.500 m 1.500 m 0.250 m
7 6 1.350 m 1.350 m 0.250 m
8 7 1.400 m 1.400 m 0.250 m
10 8 1.350 m 1.350 m 0.250 m
11 9 1.500 m 1.500 m 0.250 m
13 10 1.150 m 1.150 m 0.250 m
15 11 1.250 m 1.250 m 0.250 m
16 12 1.650 m 1.650 m 0.250 m
17 13 1.550 m 1.550 m 0.250 m
18 14 1.350 m 1.350 m 0.250 m
19 15 1.350 m 1.350 m 0.250 m

Footing No. Footing Reinforcement Pedestal Reinforcement

- Bottom Reinforcement(Mz) Bottom Reinforcement(Mx) Top Reinforcement(Mz) Top Reinforcement(Mx) Main Steel Trans Steel
1 #10 @ 285 mm c/c #10 @ 285 mm c/c #10 @ 285 mm c/c #10 @ 285 mm c/c N/A N/A
2 #8 @ 160 mm c/c #8 @ 160 mm c/c #8 @ 160 mm c/c #8 @ 160 mm c/c N/A N/A
3 #8 @ 175 mm c/c #10 @ 295 mm c/c #10 @ 295 mm c/c #8 @ 175 mm c/c N/A N/A
4 #10 @ 285 mm c/c #10 @ 285 mm c/c #10 @ 285 mm c/c #10 @ 285 mm c/c N/A N/A
5 #8 @ 170 mm c/c #10 @ 275 mm c/c #10 @ 275 mm c/c #8 @ 170 mm c/c N/A N/A
7 #8 @ 155 mm c/c #8 @ 155 mm c/c #8 @ 155 mm c/c #8 @ 155 mm c/c N/A N/A
8 #8 @ 160 mm c/c #8 @ 160 mm c/c #8 @ 160 mm c/c #8 @ 160 mm c/c N/A N/A
10 #8 @ 155 mm c/c #8 @ 155 mm c/c #8 @ 155 mm c/c #8 @ 155 mm c/c N/A N/A
11 #8 @ 170 mm c/c #10 @ 275 mm c/c #10 @ 275 mm c/c #8 @ 170 mm c/c N/A N/A
13 #8 @ 170 mm c/c #10 @ 260 mm c/c #10 @ 260 mm c/c #8 @ 170 mm c/c N/A N/A
15 #10 @ 285 mm c/c #10 @ 285 mm c/c #10 @ 285 mm c/c #10 @ 285 mm c/c N/A N/A
16 #8 @ 170 mm c/c #10 @ 255 mm c/c #10 @ 255 mm c/c #8 @ 170 mm c/c N/A N/A
17 #10 @ 285 mm c/c #8 @ 160 mm c/c #8 @ 160 mm c/c #10 @ 285 mm c/c N/A N/A
18 #8 @ 155 mm c/c #8 @ 155 mm c/c #8 @ 155 mm c/c #8 @ 155 mm c/c N/A N/A
19 #8 @ 155 mm c/c #8 @ 155 mm c/c #8 @ 155 mm c/c #8 @ 155 mm c/c N/A N/A

Isolated Footing 1

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 2 of 136

Input Values

Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.200 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.300 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

Unit Weight of Concrete : 25.000 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 25.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 415.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #6
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 100.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 500.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 50.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 50.000 mm

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 3 of 136

Soil Properties

Soil Type : Drained

Unit Weight : 22.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 100.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 0.000 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 2000.000 mm
Cohesion : 5.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

Footing Size

Initial Length (L o) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
1 DEAD LOAD
2 LIVE LOAD
3 Generated ACI Table1 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
1 DEAD LOAD
2 LIVE LOAD
3 Generated ACI Table1 1

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
1 27.441 -2.436 -2.376 -2.500 2.287
2 17.654 -1.854 -1.808 -1.902 1.740
3 38.418 -3.411 -3.327 -3.500 3.201

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
1 27.441 -2.436 -2.376 -2.500 2.287
2 17.654 -1.854 -1.808 -1.902 1.740
3 38.418 -3.411 -3.327 -3.500 3.201

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q 2
max = 0.860 m

Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 1.250 m Governing Load Case : #3

Width (W2) = 1.250 m Governing Load Case : #3

Depth (D2) = 0.250 m Governing Load Case : #3

Area (A2) = 1.563 m2

Pressures at Four Corners

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 4 of 136

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

Area of footing
corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

3 98.9085 73.9988 47.3833 72.2930 0.000

3 98.9085 73.9988 47.3833 72.2930 0.000

1 84.5229 66.7302 47.7191 65.5118 0.000

3 98.9085 73.9988 47.3833 72.2930 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

3 98.9085 73.9988 47.3833 72.2930

3 98.9085 73.9988 47.3833 72.2930

1 84.5229 66.7302 47.7191 65.5118

3 98.9085 73.9988 47.3833 72.2930

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

1 21.202 21.740 20.868 22.297

2 25.223 25.864 24.826 26.526

3 16.753 17.179 16.489 17.619

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 3

Governing Disturbing Force : -3.411 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 57.145 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 16.753
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 3
Governing Overturning Moment : -4.332 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 71.430 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 16.489

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 5 of 136

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 3

Governing Disturbing Force : -3.327 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 57.145 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 17.179
Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 3
Governing Overturning Moment : 4.054 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 71.430 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 17.619

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

Total Footing Depth, D = 0.250m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.175 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / D col = 1.500

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 34.046 kN, Load Case # 3

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 1.698 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 574.540 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 752.497 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 492.463 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 369.347 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 181.223 kN

Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 0.300 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 135.917 kN

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 6 of 136

Critical load case for Vux is # 3 13.029 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 181.223 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 0.350 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 135.917 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 3 14.695 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 3

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.525 m
a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 5.780 kNm

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 7 of 136

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 6.422 kNm

Required = 0.00041

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 391.606 mm2

Selected bar Size = #10

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 285.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#10 @ 7239.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =1.290 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.475 m
=
Try bar size # 10 Area of one bar = 78.542 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 5

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 392.709 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.195 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00161

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 285.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 3

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 8 of 136

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.475 m
a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 4.868 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 5.409 kNm

Required = 0.00039

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 369.177 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #10

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 285.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#10 @ 7239.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =1.290 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.425 m
=
Try bar size # 10 Area of one bar = 78.542 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 5

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 392.709 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.174 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00181

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, Min. 285.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 9 of 136

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.475 m
at a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 7.086 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 7.873 kNm

Required = 0.00056

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 369.177 mm2

Selected bar Size = #10

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 285.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#10 @ 285 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 10 of 136

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.525 m
at a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 8.656 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 9.618 kNm

Required = 0.00061

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 391.606 mm2

Selected bar Size = #10

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 285.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#10 @ 285 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 2

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 11 of 136

Input Values

Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.200 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.300 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

Unit Weight of Concrete : 25.000 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 25.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 415.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #6
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 100.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 500.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 50.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 50.000 mm

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 12 of 136

Soil Properties

Soil Type : Drained

Unit Weight : 22.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 100.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 0.000 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 2000.000 mm
Cohesion : 5.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

Footing Size

Initial Length (L o) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
1 DEAD LOAD
2 LIVE LOAD
3 Generated ACI Table1 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
1 DEAD LOAD
2 LIVE LOAD
3 Generated ACI Table1 1

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
1 48.565 0.213 -2.829 -3.442 -0.337
2 33.728 0.162 -2.153 -2.619 -0.256
3 67.990 0.298 -3.961 -4.818 -0.471

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
1 48.565 0.213 -2.829 -3.442 -0.337
2 33.728 0.162 -2.153 -2.619 -0.256
3 67.990 0.298 -3.961 -4.818 -0.471

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q 2
max = 1.156 m

Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 1.400 m Governing Load Case : #3

Width (W2) = 1.400 m Governing Load Case : #3

Depth (D2) = 0.250 m Governing Load Case : #3

Area (A2) = 1.960 m2

Pressures at Four Corners

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 13 of 136

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

Area of footing
corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

3 95.0971 97.4846 72.0835 69.6959 0.000

3 95.0971 97.4846 72.0835 69.6959 0.000

3 95.0971 97.4846 72.0835 69.6959 0.000

3 95.0971 97.4846 72.0835 69.6959 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

3 95.0971 97.4846 72.0835 69.6959

3 95.0971 97.4846 72.0835 69.6959

3 95.0971 97.4846 72.0835 69.6959

3 95.0971 97.4846 72.0835 69.6959

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

1 339.060 25.523 24.365 259.222

2 399.800 30.095 28.730 305.659

3 274.764 20.683 19.745 210.065

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 3

Governing Disturbing Force : 0.298 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 81.918 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 274.764
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 3
Governing Overturning Moment : -5.808 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 114.684 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 19.745

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 14 of 136

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 3

Governing Disturbing Force : -3.961 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 81.918 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 20.683
Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 3
Governing Overturning Moment : -0.546 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 114.684 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 210.065

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

Total Footing Depth, D = 0.250m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.175 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / D col = 1.500

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 61.823 kN, Load Case # 3

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 1.698 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 574.540 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 752.497 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 492.463 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 369.347 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 202.970 kN

Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 0.375 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 152.228 kN

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 15 of 136

Critical load case for Vux is # 3 23.116 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 202.970 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 0.975 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 152.228 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 3 21.154 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 3

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.600 m
a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 8.956 kNm

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 16 of 136

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 9.952 kNm

Required = 0.00056

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 438.598 mm2

Selected bar Size = #8

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 161.500 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#8 @ 4064.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.802 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.550 m
=
Try bar size #8 Area of one bar = 50.264 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 9

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 452.380 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.196 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00165

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 161.500 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 3

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 17 of 136

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.550 m
a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 9.330 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 10.366 kNm

Required = 0.00065

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 418.502 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #8

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 161.500 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#8 @ 4064.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.802 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.500 m
=
Try bar size #8 Area of one bar = 50.264 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 9

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 452.380 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.176 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00184

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, Min. 161.500 mm
distance between bars, Cd = User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 18 of 136

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.550 m
at a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 10.640 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 11.822 kNm

Required = 0.00074

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 418.502 mm2

Selected bar Size = #8

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 161.500 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#8 @ 161 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 19 of 136

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.600 m
at a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 12.662 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 14.069 kNm

Required = 0.00080

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 438.598 mm2

Selected bar Size = #8

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 161.500 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#8 @ 161 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 3

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 20 of 136

Input Values

Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.200 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.300 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

Unit Weight of Concrete : 25.000 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 25.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 415.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #6
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 100.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 500.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 50.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 50.000 mm

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 21 of 136

Soil Properties

Soil Type : Drained

Unit Weight : 22.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 100.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 0.000 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 2000.000 mm
Cohesion : 5.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

Footing Size

Initial Length (L o) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
1 DEAD LOAD
2 LIVE LOAD
3 Generated ACI Table1 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
1 DEAD LOAD
2 LIVE LOAD
3 Generated ACI Table1 1

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
1 12.774 2.519 0.445 -0.139 -2.619
2 6.493 1.917 0.339 -0.105 -1.993
3 17.883 3.527 0.623 -0.194 -3.666

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
1 12.774 2.519 0.445 -0.139 -2.619
2 6.493 1.917 0.339 -0.105 -1.993
3 17.883 3.527 0.623 -0.194 -3.666

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q 2
max = 0.655 m

Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 1.000 m Governing Load Case : #1

Width (W2) = 1.000 m Governing Load Case : #1

Depth (D2) = 0.250 m Governing Load Case : #1

Area (A2) = 1.000 m2

Pressures at Four Corners

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 22 of 136

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

Area of footing
corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

1 41.0542 80.0376 79.7099 40.7265 0.000

3 38.4326 93.0094 92.5505 37.9737 0.000

3 38.4326 93.0094 92.5505 37.9737 0.000

1 41.0542 80.0376 79.7099 40.7265 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

1 41.0542 80.0376 79.7099 40.7265

3 38.4326 93.0094 92.5505 37.9737

3 38.4326 93.0094 92.5505 37.9737

1 41.0542 80.0376 79.7099 40.7265

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

1 11.986 67.843 1105.381 9.293

2 14.112 79.882 1301.515 10.943

3 9.286 52.560 856.355 7.200

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 3

Governing Disturbing Force : 3.527 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 32.746 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 9.286
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 3
Governing Overturning Moment : -0.038 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 32.745 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 856.355

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 23 of 136

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 3

Governing Disturbing Force : 0.623 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 32.746 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 52.560
Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 3
Governing Overturning Moment : -4.548 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 32.745 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 7.200

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

Total Footing Depth, D = 0.250m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.175 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / D col = 1.500

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 14.704 kN, Load Case # 3

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 1.698 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 574.540 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 752.497 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 492.463 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 369.347 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 144.979 kN

Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 0.175 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 108.734 kN

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 24 of 136

Critical load case for Vux is # 3 3.306 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 144.979 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 0.775 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 108.734 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 3 7.989 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 3

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.400 m
a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 3.472 kNm

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 25 of 136

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 3.858 kNm

Required = 0.00031

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 313.285 mm2

Selected bar Size = #10

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 296.667 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#10 @ 7493.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =1.290 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.350 m
=
Try bar size # 10 Area of one bar = 78.542 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 4

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 314.167 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.195 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00161

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 296.667 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 3

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 26 of 136

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.350 m
a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 1.250 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 1.389 kNm

Required = 0.00012

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 295.342 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #8

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 178.400 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#8 @ 4445.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.802 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.300 m
=
Try bar size #8 Area of one bar = 50.264 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 6

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 301.586 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.174 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00173

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, Min. 178.400 mm
distance between bars, Cd = User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 27 of 136

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.350 m
at a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 3.078 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 3.420 kNm

Required = 0.00031

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 295.342 mm2

Selected bar Size = #8

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 178.400 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#8 @ 178 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 28 of 136

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.400 m
at a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 4.020 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 4.466 kNm

Required = 0.00035

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 313.285 mm2

Selected bar Size = #10

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 296.667 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#10 @ 296 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 4

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 29 of 136

Input Values

Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.200 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.300 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

Unit Weight of Concrete : 25.000 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 25.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 415.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #6
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 100.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 500.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 50.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 50.000 mm

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 30 of 136

Soil Properties

Soil Type : Drained

Unit Weight : 22.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 100.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 0.000 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 2000.000 mm
Cohesion : 5.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

Footing Size

Initial Length (L o) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
1 DEAD LOAD
2 LIVE LOAD
3 Generated ACI Table1 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
1 DEAD LOAD
2 LIVE LOAD
3 Generated ACI Table1 1

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
1 42.674 -1.573 -0.546 -0.712 1.034
2 29.245 -1.197 -0.416 -0.542 0.787
3 59.743 -2.202 -0.765 -0.996 1.447

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
1 42.674 -1.573 -0.546 -0.712 1.034
2 29.245 -1.197 -0.416 -0.542 0.787
3 59.743 -2.202 -0.765 -0.996 1.447

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q 2
max = 1.074 m

Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 1.250 m Governing Load Case : #3

Width (W2) = 1.250 m Governing Load Case : #3

Depth (D2) = 0.250 m Governing Load Case : #3

Area (A2) = 1.563 m2

Pressures at Four Corners

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 31 of 136

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

Area of footing
corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

3 96.5808 84.3053 77.0080 89.2835 0.000

3 96.5808 84.3053 77.0080 89.2835 0.000

3 96.5808 84.3053 77.0080 89.2835 0.000

3 96.5808 84.3053 77.0080 89.2835 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

3 96.5808 84.3053 77.0080 89.2835

3 96.5808 84.3053 77.0080 89.2835

3 96.5808 84.3053 77.0080 89.2835

3 96.5808 84.3053 77.0080 89.2835

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

1 37.686 108.494 87.334 51.917

2 43.916 126.427 101.770 60.498

3 30.795 88.654 71.364 42.423

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 3

Governing Disturbing Force : -2.202 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 67.808 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 30.795
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 3
Governing Overturning Moment : -1.188 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 84.759 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 71.364

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 32 of 136

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 3

Governing Disturbing Force : -0.765 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 67.808 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 88.654
Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 3
Governing Overturning Moment : 1.998 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 84.759 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 42.423

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

Total Footing Depth, D = 0.250m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.175 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / D col = 1.500

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 52.946 kN, Load Case # 3

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 1.698 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 574.540 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 752.497 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 492.463 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 369.347 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 181.223 kN

Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 0.300 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 135.917 kN

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 33 of 136

Critical load case for Vux is # 3 15.398 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 181.223 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 0.350 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 135.917 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 3 18.682 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 3

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.525 m
a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 7.348 kNm

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 34 of 136

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 8.164 kNm

Required = 0.00052

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 391.606 mm2

Selected bar Size = #10

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 285.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#10 @ 7239.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =1.290 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.475 m
=
Try bar size # 10 Area of one bar = 78.542 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 5

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 392.709 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.195 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00161

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 285.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 3

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 35 of 136

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.475 m
a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 5.776 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 6.418 kNm

Required = 0.00046

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 369.177 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #10

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 285.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#10 @ 7239.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =1.290 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.425 m
=
Try bar size # 10 Area of one bar = 78.542 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 5

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 392.709 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.174 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00181

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, Min. 285.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 36 of 136

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.475 m
at a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 7.086 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 7.873 kNm

Required = 0.00056

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 369.177 mm2

Selected bar Size = #10

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 285.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#10 @ 285 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 37 of 136

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.525 m
at a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 8.656 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 9.618 kNm

Required = 0.00061

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 391.606 mm2

Selected bar Size = #10

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 285.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#10 @ 285 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 5

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 38 of 136

Input Values

Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.200 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.300 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

Unit Weight of Concrete : 25.000 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 25.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 415.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #6
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 100.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 500.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 50.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 50.000 mm

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 39 of 136

Soil Properties

Soil Type : Drained

Unit Weight : 22.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 100.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 0.000 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 2000.000 mm
Cohesion : 5.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

Footing Size

Initial Length (L o) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
1 DEAD LOAD
2 LIVE LOAD
3 Generated ACI Table1 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
1 DEAD LOAD
2 LIVE LOAD
3 Generated ACI Table1 1

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
1 67.772 -0.351 -1.650 -2.298 -0.177
2 48.343 -0.267 -1.255 -1.748 -0.135
3 94.881 -0.491 -2.310 -3.217 -0.247

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
1 67.772 -0.351 -1.650 -2.298 -0.177
2 48.343 -0.267 -1.255 -1.748 -0.135
3 94.881 -0.491 -2.310 -3.217 -0.247

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q 2
max = 1.425 m

Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 1.500 m Governing Load Case : #3

Width (W2) = 1.500 m Governing Load Case : #3

Depth (D2) = 0.250 m Governing Load Case : #3

Area (A2) = 2.250 m2

Pressures at Four Corners

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 40 of 136

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

Area of footing
corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

3 97.7672 98.2108 84.7210 84.2774 0.000

3 97.7672 98.2108 84.7210 84.2774 0.000

3 97.7672 98.2108 84.7210 84.2774 0.000

3 97.7672 98.2108 84.7210 84.2774 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

3 97.7672 98.2108 84.7210 84.2774

3 97.7672 98.2108 84.7210 84.2774

3 97.7672 98.2108 84.7210 84.2774

3 97.7672 98.2108 84.7210 84.2774

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

1 254.104 54.003 49.314 1499.685

2 297.523 63.230 57.741 1755.934

3 209.116 44.442 40.583 1234.167

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 3

Governing Disturbing Force : -0.491 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 102.650 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 209.116
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 3
Governing Overturning Moment : -3.794 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 153.972 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 40.583

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 41 of 136

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 3

Governing Disturbing Force : -2.310 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 102.650 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 44.442
Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 3
Governing Overturning Moment : -0.125 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 153.972 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 1234.167

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

Total Footing Depth, D = 0.250m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.175 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / D col = 1.500

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 87.384 kN, Load Case # 3

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 1.698 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 574.540 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 752.497 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 492.463 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 369.347 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 217.468 kN

Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 0.425 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 163.101 kN

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 42 of 136

Critical load case for Vux is # 3 29.991 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 217.468 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 1.025 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 163.101 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 3 30.179 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 3

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.650 m
a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 13.412 kNm

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 43 of 136

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 14.902 kNm

Required = 0.00079

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 469.927 mm2

Selected bar Size = #10

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 278.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#10 @ 6985.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =1.290 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.600 m
=
Try bar size # 10 Area of one bar = 78.542 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 6

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 471.251 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.195 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00161

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 278.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 3

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 44 of 136

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.600 m
a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 12.721 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 14.134 kNm

Required = 0.00085

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 443.012 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #8

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 174.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#8 @ 4318.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.802 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.550 m
=
Try bar size #8 Area of one bar = 50.264 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 9

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 452.380 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.174 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00173

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, Min. 174.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 45 of 136

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.600 m
at a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 13.567 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 15.074 kNm

Required = 0.00090

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 443.012 mm2

Selected bar Size = #8

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 174.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#8 @ 174 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 46 of 136

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.650 m
at a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 15.922 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 17.691 kNm

Required = 0.00094

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 469.927 mm2

Selected bar Size = #10

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 278.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#10 @ 278 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 7

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 47 of 136

Input Values

Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.200 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.300 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

Unit Weight of Concrete : 25.000 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 25.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 415.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #6
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 100.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 500.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 50.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 50.000 mm

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 48 of 136

Soil Properties

Soil Type : Drained

Unit Weight : 22.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 100.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 0.000 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 2000.000 mm
Cohesion : 5.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

Footing Size

Initial Length (L o) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
1 DEAD LOAD
2 LIVE LOAD
3 Generated ACI Table1 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
1 DEAD LOAD
2 LIVE LOAD
3 Generated ACI Table1 1

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
1 40.282 -3.167 0.910 0.703 3.169
2 27.425 -2.410 0.692 0.535 2.411
3 56.394 -4.434 1.274 0.984 4.436

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
1 40.282 -3.167 0.910 0.703 3.169
2 27.425 -2.410 0.692 0.535 2.411
3 56.394 -4.434 1.274 0.984 4.436

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q 2
max = 1.040 m

Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 1.350 m Governing Load Case : #3

Width (W2) = 1.350 m Governing Load Case : #3

Depth (D2) = 0.250 m Governing Load Case : #3

Area (A2) = 1.823 m2

Pressures at Four Corners

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 49 of 136

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

Area of footing
corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

3 90.0888 63.0447 69.3975 96.4416 0.000

3 90.0888 63.0447 69.3975 96.4416 0.000

3 90.0888 63.0447 69.3975 96.4416 0.000

3 90.0888 63.0447 69.3975 96.4416 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

3 90.0888 63.0447 69.3975 96.4416

3 90.0888 63.0447 69.3975 96.4416

3 90.0888 63.0447 69.3975 96.4416

3 90.0888 63.0447 69.3975 96.4416

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

1 20.401 70.997 93.750 22.023

2 24.143 84.018 110.944 26.061

3 16.389 57.036 75.315 17.692

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 3

Governing Disturbing Force : -4.434 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 72.666 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 16.389
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 3
Governing Overturning Moment : 1.302 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 98.097 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 75.315

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 50 of 136

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 3

Governing Disturbing Force : 1.274 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 72.666 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 57.036
Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 3
Governing Overturning Moment : 5.545 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 98.097 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 17.692

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

Total Footing Depth, D = 0.250m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.175 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / D col = 1.500

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 50.893 kN, Load Case # 3

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 1.698 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 574.540 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 752.497 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 492.463 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 369.347 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 195.721 kN

Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 1.000 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 146.791 kN

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 51 of 136

Critical load case for Vux is # 3 15.750 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 195.721 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 0.400 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 146.791 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 3 21.868 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 3

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.575 m
a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 9.066 kNm

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 52 of 136

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 10.073 kNm

Required = 0.00059

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 422.934 mm2

Selected bar Size = #8

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 155.250 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#8 @ 3937.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.802 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.525 m
=
Try bar size #8 Area of one bar = 50.264 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 9

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 452.380 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.196 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00171

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 155.250 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 3

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 53 of 136

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.525 m
a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 6.195 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 6.883 kNm

Required = 0.00044

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 403.556 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #8

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 155.250 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#8 @ 3937.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.802 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.475 m
=
Try bar size #8 Area of one bar = 50.264 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 9

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 452.380 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.176 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00190

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, Min. 155.250 mm
distance between bars, Cd = User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 54 of 136

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.525 m
at a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 9.348 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 10.387 kNm

Required = 0.00067

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 403.556 mm2

Selected bar Size = #8

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 155.250 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#8 @ 155 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 55 of 136

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.575 m
at a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 11.214 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 12.460 kNm

Required = 0.00073

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 422.934 mm2

Selected bar Size = #8

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 155.250 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#8 @ 155 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 8

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 56 of 136

Input Values

Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.200 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.300 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

Unit Weight of Concrete : 25.000 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 25.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 415.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #6
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 100.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 500.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 50.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 50.000 mm

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 57 of 136

Soil Properties

Soil Type : Drained

Unit Weight : 22.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 100.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 0.000 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 2000.000 mm
Cohesion : 5.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

Footing Size

Initial Length (L o) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
1 DEAD LOAD
2 LIVE LOAD
3 Generated ACI Table1 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
1 DEAD LOAD
2 LIVE LOAD
3 Generated ACI Table1 1

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
1 52.575 1.848 -0.816 -1.510 -1.803
2 36.780 1.407 -0.621 -1.149 -1.372
3 73.605 2.588 -1.143 -2.114 -2.524

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
1 52.575 1.848 -0.816 -1.510 -1.803
2 36.780 1.407 -0.621 -1.149 -1.372
3 73.605 2.588 -1.143 -2.114 -2.524

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q 2
max = 1.212 m

Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 1.400 m Governing Load Case : #3

Width (W2) = 1.400 m Governing Load Case : #3

Depth (D2) = 0.250 m Governing Load Case : #3

Area (A2) = 1.960 m2

Pressures at Four Corners

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 58 of 136

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

Area of footing
corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

3 84.7691 98.6373 88.1412 74.2730 0.000

3 84.7691 98.6373 88.1412 74.2730 0.000

3 84.7691 98.6373 88.1412 74.2730 0.000

3 84.7691 98.6373 88.1412 74.2730 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

3 84.7691 98.6373 88.1412 74.2730

3 84.7691 98.6373 88.1412 74.2730

3 84.7691 98.6373 88.1412 74.2730

3 84.7691 98.6373 88.1412 74.2730

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

1 40.147 90.924 60.603 45.867

2 47.144 106.772 71.166 53.861

3 32.739 74.148 49.421 37.404

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 3

Governing Disturbing Force : 2.588 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 84.726 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 32.739
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 3
Governing Overturning Moment : -2.400 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 118.614 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 49.421

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 59 of 136

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 3

Governing Disturbing Force : -1.143 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 84.726 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 74.148
Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 3
Governing Overturning Moment : -3.171 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 118.614 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 37.404

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

Total Footing Depth, D = 0.250m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.175 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / D col = 1.500

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 66.929 kN, Load Case # 3

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 1.698 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 574.540 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 752.497 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 492.463 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 369.347 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 202.970 kN

Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 0.375 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 152.228 kN

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 60 of 136

Critical load case for Vux is # 3 21.755 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 202.970 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 0.975 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 152.228 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 3 25.240 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 3

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.600 m
a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 10.712 kNm

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 61 of 136

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 11.903 kNm

Required = 0.00068

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 438.598 mm2

Selected bar Size = #8

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 161.500 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#8 @ 4064.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.802 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.550 m
=
Try bar size #8 Area of one bar = 50.264 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 9

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 452.380 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.196 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00165

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 161.500 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 3

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 62 of 136

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.550 m
a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 8.772 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 9.747 kNm

Required = 0.00061

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 418.502 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #8

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 161.500 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#8 @ 4064.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.802 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.500 m
=
Try bar size #8 Area of one bar = 50.264 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 9

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 452.380 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.176 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00184

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, Min. 161.500 mm
distance between bars, Cd = User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 63 of 136

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.550 m
at a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 10.640 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 11.822 kNm

Required = 0.00074

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 418.502 mm2

Selected bar Size = #8

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 161.500 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#8 @ 161 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 64 of 136

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.600 m
at a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 12.662 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 14.069 kNm

Required = 0.00080

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 438.598 mm2

Selected bar Size = #8

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 161.500 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#8 @ 161 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 10

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 65 of 136

Input Values

Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.200 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.300 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

Unit Weight of Concrete : 25.000 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 25.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 415.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #6
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 100.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 500.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 50.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 50.000 mm

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 66 of 136

Soil Properties

Soil Type : Drained

Unit Weight : 22.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 100.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 0.000 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 2000.000 mm
Cohesion : 5.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

Footing Size

Initial Length (L o) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
1 DEAD LOAD
2 LIVE LOAD
3 Generated ACI Table1 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
1 DEAD LOAD
2 LIVE LOAD
3 Generated ACI Table1 1

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
1 38.433 -3.292 -1.152 -1.339 3.342
2 26.018 -2.505 -0.876 -1.019 2.543
3 53.806 -4.609 -1.612 -1.875 4.679

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
1 38.433 -3.292 -1.152 -1.339 3.342
2 26.018 -2.505 -0.876 -1.019 2.543
3 53.806 -4.609 -1.612 -1.875 4.679

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q 2
max = 1.014 m

Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 1.350 m Governing Load Case : #3

Width (W2) = 1.350 m Governing Load Case : #3

Depth (D2) = 0.250 m Governing Load Case : #3

Area (A2) = 1.823 m2

Pressures at Four Corners

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 67 of 136

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

Area of footing
corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

3 98.0978 69.6569 58.5484 86.9893 0.000

3 98.0978 69.6569 58.5484 86.9893 0.000

3 98.0978 69.6569 58.5484 86.9893 0.000

3 98.0978 69.6569 58.5484 86.9893 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

3 98.0978 69.6569 58.5484 86.9893

3 98.0978 69.6569 58.5484 86.9893

3 98.0978 69.6569 58.5484 86.9893

3 98.0978 69.6569 58.5484 86.9893

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

1 19.343 55.305 52.848 20.641

2 22.942 65.596 62.681 24.482

3 15.484 44.272 42.304 16.523

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 3

Governing Disturbing Force : -4.609 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 71.372 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 15.484
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 3
Governing Overturning Moment : -2.278 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 96.350 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 42.304

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 68 of 136

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 3

Governing Disturbing Force : -1.612 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 71.372 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 44.272
Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 3
Governing Overturning Moment : 5.831 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 96.350 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 16.523

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

Total Footing Depth, D = 0.250m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.175 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / D col = 1.500

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 48.557 kN, Load Case # 3

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 1.698 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 574.540 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 752.497 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 492.463 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 369.347 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 195.721 kN

Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 0.350 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 146.791 kN

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 69 of 136

Critical load case for Vux is # 3 15.911 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 195.721 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 0.400 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 146.791 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 3 21.365 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 3

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.575 m
a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 8.860 kNm

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 70 of 136

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 9.845 kNm

Required = 0.00058

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 422.934 mm2

Selected bar Size = #8

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 155.250 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#8 @ 3937.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.802 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.525 m
=
Try bar size #8 Area of one bar = 50.264 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 9

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 452.380 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.196 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00171

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 155.250 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 3

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 71 of 136

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.525 m
a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 6.258 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 6.953 kNm

Required = 0.00045

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 403.556 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #8

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 155.250 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#8 @ 3937.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.802 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.475 m
=
Try bar size #8 Area of one bar = 50.264 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 9

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 452.380 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.176 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00190

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, Min. 155.250 mm
distance between bars, Cd = User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 72 of 136

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.525 m
at a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 9.348 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 10.387 kNm

Required = 0.00067

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 403.556 mm2

Selected bar Size = #8

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 155.250 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#8 @ 155 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 73 of 136

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.575 m
at a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 11.214 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 12.460 kNm

Required = 0.00073

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 422.934 mm2

Selected bar Size = #8

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 155.250 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#8 @ 155 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 11

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 74 of 136

Input Values

Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.200 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.300 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

Unit Weight of Concrete : 25.000 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 25.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 415.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #6
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 100.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 500.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 50.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 50.000 mm

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 75 of 136

Soil Properties

Soil Type : Drained

Unit Weight : 22.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 100.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 0.000 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 2000.000 mm
Cohesion : 5.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

Footing Size

Initial Length (L o) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
1 DEAD LOAD
2 LIVE LOAD
3 Generated ACI Table1 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
1 DEAD LOAD
2 LIVE LOAD
3 Generated ACI Table1 1

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
1 50.630 2.354 -3.164 -3.854 -2.259
2 35.299 1.792 -2.407 -2.933 -1.719
3 70.882 3.296 -4.429 -5.395 -3.163

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
1 50.630 2.354 -3.164 -3.854 -2.259
2 35.299 1.792 -2.407 -2.933 -1.719
3 70.882 3.296 -4.429 -5.395 -3.163

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q 2
max = 1.185 m

Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 1.500 m Governing Load Case : #3

Width (W2) = 1.500 m Governing Load Case : #3

Depth (D2) = 0.250 m Governing Load Case : #3

Area (A2) = 2.250 m2

Pressures at Four Corners

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 76 of 136

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

Area of footing
corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

3 85.0503 99.2268 76.1056 61.9291 0.000

3 85.0503 99.2268 76.1056 61.9291 0.000

3 85.0503 99.2268 76.1056 61.9291 0.000

3 85.0503 99.2268 76.1056 61.9291 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

3 85.0503 99.2268 76.1056 61.9291

3 85.0503 99.2268 76.1056 61.9291

3 85.0503 99.2268 76.1056 61.9291

3 85.0503 99.2268 76.1056 61.9291

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

1 34.201 25.452 26.004 42.412

2 40.666 30.264 30.920 50.430

3 27.501 20.467 20.910 34.104

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 3

Governing Disturbing Force : 3.296 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 90.650 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 27.501
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 3
Governing Overturning Moment : -6.503 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 135.973 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 20.910

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 77 of 136

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 3

Governing Disturbing Force : -4.429 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 90.650 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 20.467
Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 3
Governing Overturning Moment : -3.987 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 135.973 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 34.104

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

Total Footing Depth, D = 0.250m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.175 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / D col = 1.500

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 65.281 kN, Load Case # 3

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 1.698 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 574.540 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 752.497 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 492.463 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 369.347 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 217.468 kN

Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 0.425 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 163.101 kN

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 78 of 136

Critical load case for Vux is # 3 25.387 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 217.468 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 1.025 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 163.101 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 3 25.917 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 3

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.650 m
a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 11.581 kNm

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 79 of 136

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 12.867 kNm

Required = 0.00068

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 469.927 mm2

Selected bar Size = #10

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 278.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#10 @ 6985.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =1.290 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.600 m
=
Try bar size # 10 Area of one bar = 78.542 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 6

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 471.251 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.195 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00161

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 278.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 3

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 80 of 136

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.600 m
a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 10.794 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 11.993 kNm

Required = 0.00072

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 443.012 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #8

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 174.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#8 @ 4318.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.802 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.550 m
=
Try bar size #8 Area of one bar = 50.264 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 9

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 452.380 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.174 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00173

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, Min. 174.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 81 of 136

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.600 m
at a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 13.567 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 15.074 kNm

Required = 0.00090

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 443.012 mm2

Selected bar Size = #8

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 174.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#8 @ 174 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 82 of 136

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.650 m
at a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 15.922 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 17.691 kNm

Required = 0.00094

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 469.927 mm2

Selected bar Size = #10

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 278.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#10 @ 278 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 13

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 83 of 136

Input Values

Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.200 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.300 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

Unit Weight of Concrete : 25.000 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 25.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 415.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #6
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 100.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 500.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 50.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 50.000 mm

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 84 of 136

Soil Properties

Soil Type : Drained

Unit Weight : 22.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 100.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 0.000 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 2000.000 mm
Cohesion : 5.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

Footing Size

Initial Length (L o) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
1 DEAD LOAD
2 LIVE LOAD
3 Generated ACI Table1 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
1 DEAD LOAD
2 LIVE LOAD
3 Generated ACI Table1 1

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
1 22.194 -1.640 2.082 1.833 1.633
2 13.661 -1.248 1.584 1.395 1.243
3 31.071 -2.296 2.914 2.566 2.287

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
1 22.194 -1.640 2.082 1.833 1.633
2 13.661 -1.248 1.584 1.395 1.243
3 31.071 -2.296 2.914 2.566 2.287

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q 2
max = 0.787 m

Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 1.150 m Governing Load Case : #3

Width (W2) = 1.150 m Governing Load Case : #3

Depth (D2) = 0.250 m Governing Load Case : #3

Area (A2) = 1.323 m2

Pressures at Four Corners

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 85 of 136

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

Area of footing
corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

3 70.0336 47.4619 73.4593 96.0310 0.000

1 63.8103 47.6877 66.2572 82.3799 0.000

3 70.0336 47.4619 73.4593 96.0310 0.000

3 70.0336 47.4619 73.4593 96.0310 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

3 70.0336 47.4619 73.4593 96.0310

1 63.8103 47.6877 66.2572 82.3799

3 70.0336 47.4619 73.4593 96.0310

3 70.0336 47.4619 73.4593 96.0310

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

1 26.217 20.660 21.013 24.202

2 31.036 24.456 24.875 28.650

3 20.660 16.280 16.559 19.072

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 3

Governing Disturbing Force : -2.296 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 47.442 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 20.660
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 3
Governing Overturning Moment : 3.295 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 54.558 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 16.559

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 86 of 136

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 3

Governing Disturbing Force : 2.914 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 47.442 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 16.280
Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 3
Governing Overturning Moment : 2.861 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 54.558 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 19.072

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

Total Footing Depth, D = 0.250m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.175 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / D col = 1.500

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 26.894 kN, Load Case # 3

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 1.698 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 574.540 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 752.497 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 492.463 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 369.347 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 166.725 kN

Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 0.900 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 125.044 kN

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 87 of 136

Critical load case for Vux is # 3 9.694 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 166.725 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 0.300 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 125.044 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 3 10.997 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 3

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.475 m
a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 4.109 kNm

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 88 of 136

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 4.565 kNm

Required = 0.00031

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 360.277 mm2

Selected bar Size = #10

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 260.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#10 @ 6604.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =1.290 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.425 m
=
Try bar size # 10 Area of one bar = 78.542 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 5

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 392.709 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.195 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00175

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 260.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 3

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 89 of 136

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.425 m
a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 3.459 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 3.843 kNm

Required = 0.00030

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 339.643 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #8

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 173.667 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#8 @ 4318.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.802 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.375 m
=
Try bar size #8 Area of one bar = 50.264 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 7

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 351.851 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.174 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00176

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, Min. 173.667 mm
distance between bars, Cd = User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 90 of 136

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.425 m
at a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 5.219 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 5.799 kNm

Required = 0.00045

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 339.643 mm2

Selected bar Size = #8

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 173.667 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#8 @ 173 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 91 of 136

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.475 m
at a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 6.519 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 7.243 kNm

Required = 0.00050

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 360.277 mm2

Selected bar Size = #10

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 260.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#10 @ 260 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 15

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 92 of 136

Input Values

Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.200 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.300 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

Unit Weight of Concrete : 25.000 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 25.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 415.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #6
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 100.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 500.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 50.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 50.000 mm

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 93 of 136

Soil Properties

Soil Type : Drained

Unit Weight : 22.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 100.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 0.000 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 2000.000 mm
Cohesion : 5.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

Footing Size

Initial Length (L o) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
1 DEAD LOAD
2 LIVE LOAD
3 Generated ACI Table1 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
1 DEAD LOAD
2 LIVE LOAD
3 Generated ACI Table1 1

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
1 26.573 1.669 3.746 2.985 -1.708
2 16.993 1.270 2.851 2.272 -1.299
3 37.202 2.336 5.245 4.180 -2.391

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
1 26.573 1.669 3.746 2.985 -1.708
2 16.993 1.270 2.851 2.272 -1.299
3 37.202 2.336 5.245 4.180 -2.391

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q 2
max = 0.848 m

Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 1.250 m Governing Load Case : #3

Width (W2) = 1.250 m Governing Load Case : #3

Depth (D2) = 0.250 m Governing Load Case : #3

Area (A2) = 1.563 m2

Pressures at Four Corners

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 94 of 136

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

Area of footing
corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

1 46.9889 60.0444 84.1413 71.0858 0.000

3 46.3610 64.6387 98.3744 80.0966 0.000

3 46.3610 64.6387 98.3744 80.0966 0.000

3 46.3610 64.6387 98.3744 80.0966 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

1 46.9889 60.0444 84.1413 71.0858

3 46.3610 64.6387 98.3744 80.0966

3 46.3610 64.6387 98.3744 80.0966

3 46.3610 64.6387 98.3744 80.0966

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

1 30.696 13.673 16.325 30.132

2 36.567 16.288 19.448 35.896

3 24.200 10.780 12.871 23.756

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 3

Governing Disturbing Force : 2.336 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 56.537 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 24.200
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 3
Governing Overturning Moment : 5.491 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 70.670 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 12.871

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 95 of 136

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 3

Governing Disturbing Force : 5.245 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 56.537 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 10.780
Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 3
Governing Overturning Moment : -2.975 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 70.670 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 23.756

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

Total Footing Depth, D = 0.250m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.175 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / D col = 1.500

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 32.969 kN, Load Case # 3

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 1.698 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 574.540 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 752.497 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 492.463 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 369.347 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 181.223 kN

Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 0.950 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 135.917 kN

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 96 of 136

Critical load case for Vux is # 3 13.748 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 181.223 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 0.900 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 135.917 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 3 13.305 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 3

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.525 m
a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 5.239 kNm

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 97 of 136

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 5.821 kNm

Required = 0.00037

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 391.606 mm2

Selected bar Size = #10

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 285.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#10 @ 7239.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =1.290 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.475 m
=
Try bar size # 10 Area of one bar = 78.542 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 5

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 392.709 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.195 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00161

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 285.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 3

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 98 of 136

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.475 m
a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 5.139 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 5.710 kNm

Required = 0.00041

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 369.177 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #10

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 285.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#10 @ 7239.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =1.290 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.425 m
=
Try bar size # 10 Area of one bar = 78.542 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 5

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 392.709 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.174 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00181

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, Min. 285.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 99 of 136

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.475 m
at a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 7.086 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 7.873 kNm

Required = 0.00056

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 369.177 mm2

Selected bar Size = #10

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 285.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#10 @ 285 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 100 of 136

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.525 m
at a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 8.656 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 9.618 kNm

Required = 0.00061

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 391.606 mm2

Selected bar Size = #10

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 285.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#10 @ 285 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 16

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 101 of 136

Input Values

Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.200 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.300 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

Unit Weight of Concrete : 25.000 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 25.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 415.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #6
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 100.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 500.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 50.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 50.000 mm

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 102 of 136

Soil Properties

Soil Type : Drained

Unit Weight : 22.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 100.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 0.000 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 2000.000 mm
Cohesion : 5.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

Footing Size

Initial Length (L o) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
1 DEAD LOAD
2 LIVE LOAD
3 Generated ACI Table1 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
1 DEAD LOAD
2 LIVE LOAD
3 Generated ACI Table1 1

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
1 51.116 0.902 -8.031 -8.496 -1.126
2 35.669 0.686 -6.111 -6.465 -0.856
3 71.562 1.262 -11.243 -11.894 -1.576

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
1 51.116 0.902 -8.031 -8.496 -1.126
2 35.669 0.686 -6.111 -6.465 -0.856
3 71.562 1.262 -11.243 -11.894 -1.576

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q 2
max = 1.192 m

Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 1.650 m Governing Load Case : #3

Width (W2) = 1.650 m Governing Load Case : #3

Depth (D2) = 0.250 m Governing Load Case : #3

Area (A2) = 2.723 m2

Pressures at Four Corners

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 103 of 136

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

Area of footing
corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

3 92.6789 97.7313 58.4490 53.3966 0.000

3 92.6789 97.7313 58.4490 53.3966 0.000

3 92.6789 97.7313 58.4490 53.3966 0.000

3 92.6789 97.7313 58.4490 53.3966 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

3 92.6789 97.7313 58.4490 53.3966

3 92.6789 97.7313 58.4490 53.3966

3 92.6789 97.7313 58.4490 53.3966

3 92.6789 97.7313 58.4490 53.3966

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

1 102.748 11.536 14.552 113.143

2 123.769 13.896 17.530 136.292

3 81.491 9.149 11.542 89.735

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 3

Governing Disturbing Force : 1.262 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 102.861 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 81.491
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 3
Governing Overturning Moment : -14.705 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 169.718 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 11.542

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 104 of 136

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 3

Governing Disturbing Force : -11.243 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 102.861 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 9.149
Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 3
Governing Overturning Moment : -1.891 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 169.718 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 89.735

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

Total Footing Depth, D = 0.250m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.175 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / D col = 1.500

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 66.889 kN, Load Case # 3

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 1.698 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 574.540 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 752.497 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 492.463 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 369.347 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 239.215 kN

Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 0.500 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 179.411 kN

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 105 of 136

Critical load case for Vux is # 3 33.002 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 239.215 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 1.100 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 179.411 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 3 25.400 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 3

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.725 m
a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 12.173 kNm

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 106 of 136

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 13.526 kNm

Required = 0.00065

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 516.919 mm2

Selected bar Size = #10

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 256.667 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#10 @ 6477.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =1.290 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.675 m
=
Try bar size # 10 Area of one bar = 78.542 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 7

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 549.792 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.195 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00171

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 256.667 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 3

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 107 of 136

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.675 m
a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 15.248 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 16.942 kNm

Required = 0.00092

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 487.314 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #8

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 171.333 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#8 @ 4318.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.802 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.625 m
=
Try bar size #8 Area of one bar = 50.264 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 10

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 502.644 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.174 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00175

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, Min. 171.333 mm
distance between bars, Cd = User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 108 of 136

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.675 m
at a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 18.887 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 20.986 kNm

Required = 0.00114

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 487.314 mm2

Selected bar Size = #8

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 171.333 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#8 @ 171 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 109 of 136

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.725 m
at a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 21.789 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 24.210 kNm

Required = 0.00117

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 516.919 mm2

Selected bar Size = #10

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 256.667 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#10 @ 256 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 17

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 110 of 136

Input Values

Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.200 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.300 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

Unit Weight of Concrete : 25.000 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 25.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 415.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #6
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 100.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 500.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 50.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 50.000 mm

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 111 of 136

Soil Properties

Soil Type : Drained

Unit Weight : 22.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 100.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 0.000 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 2000.000 mm
Cohesion : 5.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

Footing Size

Initial Length (L o) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
1 DEAD LOAD
2 LIVE LOAD
3 Generated ACI Table1 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
1 DEAD LOAD
2 LIVE LOAD
3 Generated ACI Table1 1

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
1 61.541 2.858 3.119 2.408 -2.662
2 43.602 2.175 2.374 1.832 -2.026
3 86.157 4.002 4.367 3.371 -3.727

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
1 61.541 2.858 3.119 2.408 -2.662
2 43.602 2.175 2.374 1.832 -2.026
3 86.157 4.002 4.367 3.371 -3.727

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q 2
max = 1.338 m

Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 1.550 m Governing Load Case : #3

Width (W2) = 1.550 m Governing Load Case : #3

Depth (D2) = 0.250 m Governing Load Case : #3

Area (A2) = 2.403 m2

Pressures at Four Corners

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 112 of 136

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

Area of footing
corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

3 70.2035 85.4378 99.8182 84.5839 0.000

3 70.2035 85.4378 99.8182 84.5839 0.000

3 70.2035 85.4378 99.8182 84.5839 0.000

3 70.2035 85.4378 99.8182 84.5839 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

3 70.2035 85.4378 99.8182 84.5839

3 70.2035 85.4378 99.8182 84.5839

3 70.2035 85.4378 99.8182 84.5839

3 70.2035 85.4378 99.8182 84.5839

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

1 31.422 28.790 43.672 41.224

2 37.169 34.056 51.660 48.765

3 25.520 23.383 35.469 33.481

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 3

Governing Disturbing Force : 4.002 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 102.119 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 25.520
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 3
Governing Overturning Moment : 4.462 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 158.282 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 35.469

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 113 of 136

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 3

Governing Disturbing Force : 4.367 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 102.119 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 23.383
Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 3
Governing Overturning Moment : -4.727 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 158.282 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 33.481

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

Total Footing Depth, D = 0.250m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.175 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / D col = 1.500

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 79.782 kN, Load Case # 3

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 1.698 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 574.540 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 752.497 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 492.463 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 369.347 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 224.717 kN

Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 1.100 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 168.538 kN

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 114 of 136

Critical load case for Vux is # 3 28.597 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 224.717 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 1.050 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 168.538 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 3 31.816 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 3

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.675 m
a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 14.573 kNm

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 115 of 136

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 16.192 kNm

Required = 0.00083

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 485.591 mm2

Selected bar Size = #8

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 160.222 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#8 @ 4064.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.802 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.625 m
=
Try bar size #8 Area of one bar = 50.264 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 10

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 502.644 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.196 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00165

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 160.222 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 3

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 116 of 136

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.625 m
a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 12.449 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 13.833 kNm

Required = 0.00078

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 463.342 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #10

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 288.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#10 @ 7239.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =1.290 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.575 m
=
Try bar size # 10 Area of one bar = 78.542 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 6

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 471.251 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.176 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00173

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, Min. 288.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 117 of 136

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.625 m
at a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 15.212 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 16.902 kNm

Required = 0.00096

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 463.342 mm2

Selected bar Size = #10

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 288.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#10 @ 288 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 118 of 136

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.675 m
at a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 17.743 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 19.714 kNm

Required = 0.00102

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 485.591 mm2

Selected bar Size = #8

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 160.222 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#8 @ 160 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 18

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 119 of 136

Input Values

Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.200 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.300 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

Unit Weight of Concrete : 25.000 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 25.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 415.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #6
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 100.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 500.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 50.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 50.000 mm

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 120 of 136

Soil Properties

Soil Type : Drained

Unit Weight : 22.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 100.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 0.000 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 2000.000 mm
Cohesion : 5.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

Footing Size

Initial Length (L o) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
1 DEAD LOAD
2 LIVE LOAD
3 Generated ACI Table1 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
1 DEAD LOAD
2 LIVE LOAD
3 Generated ACI Table1 1

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
1 41.826 -0.997 5.207 2.910 0.962
2 28.600 -0.759 3.962 2.214 0.732
3 58.556 -1.396 7.290 4.074 1.347

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
1 41.826 -0.997 5.207 2.910 0.962
2 28.600 -0.759 3.962 2.214 0.732
3 58.556 -1.396 7.290 4.074 1.347

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q 2
max = 1.062 m

Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 1.350 m Governing Load Case : #3

Width (W2) = 1.350 m Governing Load Case : #3

Depth (D2) = 0.250 m Governing Load Case : #3

Area (A2) = 1.823 m2

Pressures at Four Corners

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 121 of 136

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

Area of footing
corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

3 70.6852 62.4141 91.1731 99.4441 0.000

3 70.6852 62.4141 91.1731 99.4441 0.000

3 70.6852 62.4141 91.1731 99.4441 0.000

3 70.6852 62.4141 91.1731 99.4441 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

3 70.6852 62.4141 91.1731 99.4441

3 70.6852 62.4141 91.1731 99.4441

3 70.6852 62.4141 91.1731 99.4441

3 70.6852 62.4141 91.1731 99.4441

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

1 65.565 12.556 20.957 72.868

2 77.448 14.832 24.755 86.074

3 52.824 10.116 16.884 58.708

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 3

Governing Disturbing Force : -1.396 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 73.747 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 52.824
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 3
Governing Overturning Moment : 5.896 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 99.556 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 16.884

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 122 of 136

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 3

Governing Disturbing Force : 7.290 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 73.747 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 10.116
Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 3
Governing Overturning Moment : 1.696 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 99.556 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 58.708

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

Total Footing Depth, D = 0.250m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.175 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / D col = 1.500

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 52.844 kN, Load Case # 3

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 1.698 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 574.540 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 752.497 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 492.463 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 369.347 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 195.721 kN

Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 1.000 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 146.791 kN

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 123 of 136

Critical load case for Vux is # 3 20.235 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 195.721 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 0.400 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 146.791 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 3 18.940 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 3

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.575 m
a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 7.831 kNm

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 124 of 136

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 8.701 kNm

Required = 0.00051

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 422.934 mm2

Selected bar Size = #8

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 155.250 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#8 @ 3937.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.802 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.525 m
=
Try bar size #8 Area of one bar = 50.264 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 9

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 452.380 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.196 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00171

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 155.250 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 3

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 125 of 136

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.525 m
a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 7.961 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 8.846 kNm

Required = 0.00057

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 403.556 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #8

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 155.250 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#8 @ 3937.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.802 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.475 m
=
Try bar size #8 Area of one bar = 50.264 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 9

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 452.380 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.176 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00190

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, Min. 155.250 mm
distance between bars, Cd = User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 126 of 136

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.525 m
at a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 9.348 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 10.387 kNm

Required = 0.00067

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 403.556 mm2

Selected bar Size = #8

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 155.250 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#8 @ 155 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 127 of 136

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.575 m
at a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 11.214 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 12.460 kNm

Required = 0.00073

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 422.934 mm2

Selected bar Size = #8

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 155.250 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#8 @ 155 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 19

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 128 of 136

Input Values

Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.200 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.300 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

Unit Weight of Concrete : 25.000 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 25.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 415.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #6
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 100.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 500.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 50.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 50.000 mm

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 129 of 136

Soil Properties

Soil Type : Drained

Unit Weight : 22.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 100.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 0.000 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 2000.000 mm
Cohesion : 5.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

Footing Size

Initial Length (L o) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
1 DEAD LOAD
2 LIVE LOAD
3 Generated ACI Table1 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
1 DEAD LOAD
2 LIVE LOAD
3 Generated ACI Table1 1

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
1 41.024 1.093 5.054 2.686 -1.116
2 27.990 0.832 3.846 2.044 -0.849
3 57.434 1.531 7.076 3.761 -1.563

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
1 41.024 1.093 5.054 2.686 -1.116
2 27.990 0.832 3.846 2.044 -0.849
3 57.434 1.531 7.076 3.761 -1.563

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q 2
max = 1.050 m

Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 1.350 m Governing Load Case : #3

Width (W2) = 1.350 m Governing Load Case : #3

Depth (D2) = 0.250 m Governing Load Case : #3

Area (A2) = 1.823 m2

Pressures at Four Corners

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 130 of 136

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

Area of footing
corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

3 62.0846 71.5730 98.5424 89.0540 0.000

3 62.0846 71.5730 98.5424 89.0540 0.000

3 62.0846 71.5730 98.5424 89.0540 0.000

3 62.0846 71.5730 98.5424 89.0540 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

3 62.0846 71.5730 98.5424 89.0540

3 62.0846 71.5730 98.5424 89.0540

3 62.0846 71.5730 98.5424 89.0540

3 62.0846 71.5730 98.5424 89.0540

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

1 59.438 12.857 22.210 63.130

2 70.277 15.202 26.261 74.642

3 47.817 10.343 17.868 50.787

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 3

Governing Disturbing Force : 1.531 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 73.186 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 47.817
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 3
Governing Overturning Moment : 5.529 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 98.799 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 17.868

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 131 of 136

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 3

Governing Disturbing Force : 7.076 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 73.186 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 10.343
Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 3
Governing Overturning Moment : -1.945 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 98.799 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 50.787

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

Total Footing Depth, D = 0.250m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.175 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / D col = 1.500

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 51.831 kN, Load Case # 3

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 1.698 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 574.540 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 752.497 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 492.463 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 369.347 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 195.721 kN

Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 1.000 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 146.791 kN

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 132 of 136

Critical load case for Vux is # 3 19.630 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 195.721 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 0.950 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 146.791 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 3 18.838 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 3

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.575 m
a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 7.792 kNm

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 133 of 136

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 8.657 kNm

Required = 0.00051

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 422.934 mm2

Selected bar Size = #8

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 155.250 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#8 @ 3937.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.802 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.525 m
=
Try bar size #8 Area of one bar = 50.264 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 9

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 452.380 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.196 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00171

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 155.250 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 3

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 134 of 136

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.525 m
a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 7.723 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 8.581 kNm

Required = 0.00055

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 403.556 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #8

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 155.250 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#8 @ 3937.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.802 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.475 m
=
Try bar size #8 Area of one bar = 50.264 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 9

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 452.380 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.176 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00190

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, Min. 155.250 mm
distance between bars, Cd = User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 135 of 136

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.525 m
at a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 9.348 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 10.387 kNm

Required = 0.00067

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 403.556 mm2

Selected bar Size = #8

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 155.250 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#8 @ 155 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019
 Isolated Footing Design Page 136 of 136

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02573

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01929

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00179

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 19.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.575 m
at a distance, D x =

Ultimate moment, 11.214 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 12.460 kNm

Required = 0.00073

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 422.934 mm2

Selected bar Size = #8

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 100.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 155.250 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 254.793 mm

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#8 @ 155 mm o.c.

Print Calculation Sheet

You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 2/6/2019