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Singly Reinforced Beam Design PDF
Singly Reinforced Beam Design PDF
Design a rectangular reinforced concrete beam for loads given below. The simply-supported beam
has a span ` = 18 ft and excessive deflections will cause damage. The superimposed dead load
(SDL) is 1.15 kip/ft with other given quantities below.
FLEXURAL DESIGN
(A) Choose the beam depth, h. Because excessive deflections could cause damage, we will not
use Table 9.5(a) from the code. Instead, use h = `/12 = 18 ft/12 (12 in/foot) = 18 in.
(C) Assuming r = b/d = 0.5, b = 0.5d = 0.5(15.5 in) = 7.75 in, use b = 8 in.
(D) Compute Mu and Mn . With our estimated beam height and width, we can calculate the
self-weight, SW , and determine the total dead load, wD .
SW = bhγc
= (8 in)(18 in)(150 lb/ft3 )(1 foot2 /144 in2 )(1 kip/1000 lb)
= 0.15 kip/ft
wD = SDL + SW = (1.15 kip/ft + 0.15 kip/ft)
= 1.3 kip/ft
Because only dead and live loads are given and the dead load is less than eight times the live
load, only one factored load case need be checked:
Mn
(E) Compute R = bd2
and find ρ.
Mn 128 kip·ft
R= 2
= (12 in/foot)(1000 lb/1 kip) = 798 psi (4)
bd (8 in)(15.5 in)2
1
(F) Compute As = ρbd.
(G) Choose bars, make sure they fit. Based on the required As = 1.88 in2 , the following options
are available:
Based on these options, choose 2 #9s with a total area of As = 2.00 in2 since it is the smallest
area greater than the initial estimate and thus most efficient.
To get the minimum width, assume 1.5 inches clear cover and a #3 stirrup. The minimum
beam width, bmin , will be the sum of the cover requirements, the stirrup width (on each
side of the beam), the flexural reinforcement (2 #9s), and the clear spacing between flexural
reinforcing. A #9 bar has db = 1.128 in so that the minimum clear spacing must be 1.128 in.
Adding it all up:
bmin = 2(1.5 in) + 2(0.375 in) + 3(1.128 in) = 7.13 in < b = 8 in (6)
The minimum width, bmin , is less than our actual width so the bars will fit.
(1) Factor loads and compute required Mu . This was computed above: Mu = 115 kip·ft.
(2) Check minimum steel. The depth, d, to the centroid of the steel can now be computed
exactly.
d = 18 in − 1.5 in − 0.375 in − 1.128 in/2 = 15.56 in (7)
The minimum steel area is then:
q
√
3 fc0 3 4, 500 lb/in2
As,min = bw d = 8 in(15.56 in) (8)
fy 60, 000 lb/in2
= 0.418 in2 < As = 2.00 in2 (9)
200 lb/in2 200 lb/in2
As,min = bw d = 8 in(15.56 in) (10)
fy 60, 000 lb/in2
= 0.415 in2 < As = 2.00 in2 (11)
By equilibrium:
C = T = 120 kip (13)
2
We can now solve for a and c.
C 120 kip
a = 0
= = 3.92 in (14)
0.85fc b 0.85(4.5 kip/in2 )(8 in)
c = a/β1 = 3.92 in/0.825 = 4.75 in (15)
The beam is strong enough (φMn > Mu ) and all other code checks were satisfactory.
Thus, the beam is adequate for the loads.
(I) Sketch.
b = 8"
d=
15.6"
h=
18"
2 − #9