NAME__________________________________________PER___________________

1. The diagram below represents a cell and several molecules. The number of molecules shown
represents the relative concentration of the molecules inside and outside of the cell.
Molecule B could enter the cell as a direct result of

(1) digestion
(2) diffusion
(3) active transport
(4) enzyme production

2. Homeostasis is maintained in a single-celled organism by the interaction of

(1) organs (3) tissues
(2) systems (4) organelles

3. Which set of functions is directly controlled by the cell membrane?

(1) protein synthesis, respiration, digestion of food molecules
(2) active transport, recognition of chemical messages, protection
(3) enzyme production, elimination of large molecules, duplication of DNA codes
(4) release of ATP molecules, regulation of cell reproduction, food production

4. Two molecules, A and B, and their distribution inside and outside of a cell are represented in the
diagram below.

State one possible reason why molecule A could diffuse across the membrane of the cell but
molecule B could not. [1]
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transportation
5. The diagram below shows two different kinds of substances, A and B, entering a cell.

ATP is most likely being used for

(1) substance A to enter the cell (3) both substances to enter the cell
(2) substance B to enter the cell (4) neither substance to enter the cell

6. Base your answers to questions 79 and 80 on the diagram below and on your knowledge of
biology. The diagram represents a cell and its changes as a result of two laboratory procedures, A and
B.

Describe procedure A and explain why it would cause the change shown.

Explain why procedure B has the opposite effect of procedure A.

7. Which substance can enter a cell by diffusion without having to be digested?

(1) water (3) starch
(2) protein (4) fat

8. Which molecule can diffuse from the digestive tract into the human bloodstream without first
being digested?
(1) protein (3) fat
(2) starch (4) glucose

transportation
9. The calcium concentration in the root cells of certain plants is higher than in the surrounding soil.
Calcium may continue to enter the root cells of the plant by the process of
(1) diffusion (3) active transport
(2) respiration (4) protein synthesis

10. A substance is most likely to diffuse into a cell when

(1) it is a large organic food molecule such as protein or starch
(2) it is enclosed in an organelle such as a vacuole
(3) the concentration of the substance is greater outside the cell than inside
(4) the pH of the substance is greater than the pH of the cell

11. Two molecules, A and B, and their distribution inside and outside of a cell are represented in the
diagram below.

State one possible reason why molecule A could diffuse across the membrane of the cell but
molecule B could not.

12. Most cell membranes are composed principally of

1. DNA and ATP

2. proteins and lipids
3. chitin and starch
4. nucleotides and amino acids

13. Normally, in the process of osmosis, the net flow of water molecules into or out of the cell
depends upon differences in the

1. concentration of water molecules inside and outside the cell

2. concentration of enzymes on either side of the cell membrane
3. rate of molecular motion on either side of the cell membrane
4. rate of movement of insoluble molecules inside the cell

transportation
14. Sodium ions are "pumped" from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher
concentration in the nerve cells of humans. This process is an example of

1. diffusion
2. passive transport
3. osmosis
4. active transport

15. A student prepared four different red blood cell suspensions, as shown in the chart below

Which process is most likely involved in the change in red blood cell volume?
(1) active transport
(2) evaporation
(3) replication
(4) diffusion

transportation