Section 3 Bones of limbs 四肢骨

I. Shoulder girdle 肩带骨

Department of Human Anatomy, Xuzhou II. Bones of free upper

Medical College limb 自由上肢骨
Wang Deguang

anatomy@xzmc.edu.cn
2015

2 . Scapula 肩胛骨
1. Clavicle 锁骨
Borders
1 Medial /vertebral 4
1 sternal end 胸骨端 3
border
6
shaft 2 lateral /axillary border

2 acromial end 3 superior border

Angles 1
2
2 1 1 2 4 Superior angle
5 Inferior angle
6 Lateral angle
Superior Inferior 5

Supraglenoid tubercle

glenoid cavity
关节盂

infraglenoid tubercle

1
 6 5
2
Fossa: 4
II. Bones of Free Upper Limb
1 Subscapular fossa
3
2 Supraspinous fossa 1 . Humerus 肱骨
3 Infraspinous fossa
Spines:
Superior end 上端
4 Spine of scapula 1 Head 2 1
5 6 5
5 Acromion 2 Anatomical neck
3 Greater/lesser tubercle
6 Coracoid process 6
1 4 Crest of greater/lesser tubercle
Surfaces:
Anterior & Posterior 5 Intertubercular sulcus
surfaces 6 Surgical neck 外科颈

Inferior end of humerus 肱骨下端

Shaft of humerus 肱骨体
1 2 anterior posterior
1 Deltoid tuberosity 三角肌粗隆 2
Coronoid fossa Olecranon
fossa
2
2 Sulcus of radical N. Radial fossa

Capitulum of
humerus
Trochlea
Medial/lateral epicondyle Sulcus of ulnar N.

3. Ulna 尺骨
2 . Radius 桡骨
Trochlear notch
Head
Coronoid process
Articular fovea Olecranon 鹰嘴
Neck Radial notch
Radial tuberosity Ulnar tuberosity
Ulnar notch
Head of ulna
Styloid process
Styloid process 茎突

2
4. Bones of Hand 手骨 1 Scaphoid bone 舟骨
2 Lunate bone 月骨
Carpal bones 腕骨 3 Triquetral bone 三角骨
4 Pisiform bone 豌豆骨
Metacarpal bones 掌骨
5 Trapezium bone 大多角骨
Phalanges of fingers 指骨
6 Trapezoid bone 小多角骨
7 Capitate bone 头状骨 8 7 6
5
4
8 Hamate bone 钩骨 3 1
2
posterior view anterior view

Metacarpal bones 掌骨 Phalanges of fingers 指骨

1 base Proximal phalanx

2 shaft 3 Middle phalanx

3 head base shaft trochlea

2
Distal phalanx
1
base shaft head

anterior view

Section 4 Bones of Lower Limb 下肢骨 Hip bone 髋骨

Ilium 髂骨
I. Pelvic Girdle (Hip bone)
下肢带骨
Ischium 坐骨

II. Bones of Free Lower Limb

自由下肢骨 Pubis 耻骨

3
 2
1
1 .Ilium 髂骨 2 2. Ischium 坐骨 1
Ala 翼 3
3 Body
1Iliac crest 4 4
1 Lschial spine
2 Iliac tuberosity
Anterior superior/inferior 5 2 Greater ischial notch
iliac spine
6 1 3 Lesser ischial notch
Posterior superior/inferior
iliac spine 2 4 Ischial tuberosity 2
3 Iliac fossa 髂窝
4 Auricular surface Ramus 1
Body 3
5 Arcuate line 弓状线
6 Iliopubic eminence 4

3. Pubis 耻骨 Acetabulum 髋臼
Body
Superior ramus 上支 Acetabular notch 髋臼切迹
Inferior ramus下支
Acetabular fossa 髋臼窝
1 Pecten pubis 耻骨梳
Lunate surface
2 Pubic tubercle
3 Pubic crest Obturator foramen 闭孔

4 Pubic symphysis
1

2
4

II. Bones of Free Lower Limb

1. Femur 股骨 Shaft of femur 股骨体

Upper end 上端 Linea aspera 粗线

femoral head Gluteal tuberosity 臀肌粗隆

fovea of femoral head Pectineal line 耻骨肌钱

neck of femur
greater/lesser trochanter 大小转子
intertrochanteric line
interochanteric crest

4
Inferior end下端
Medial condyle 内侧髁
《史记·太史公自序》：“二十八宿环
Lateral condyle 外侧髁
北辰，三十辐共一毂，运行无穷，辅
Medial epicondyle 内上髁
Lateral epicondyle 外上髁
拂股肱之臣配焉，忠信行道，以奉
Intercondylar fossa
主上，作三十世家。”
Adductor tubercle 收肌结节
The most trustworthy ministers

3.1 Tibia 胫骨
2. Patella 髌骨
medial/lateral condyle内侧髁
intercondyle eminence

base tibial tuberosity胫骨粗隆

interosseous border
apex
medial malleolus 内踝
inferior articular surface
fibular notch

3.2 Fibula 腓骨 4. Bones of Foot 足骨

Tarsus 跗骨
fibular head 骨
Metatarsus bones 跖骨
fibular neck 颈

lateral malleolus 外踝 Phalanges of toes 趾骨

5
 Tarsus 跗骨
Posterior Talus 距骨
Calcaneous 跟骨

Middle:
Navicular 舟骨
Metatarsus bones 跖骨
Anterior:
Medial cuneiform bone 楔骨
Intermediate cuneiform bone Phalanges of toes 趾骨
Lateral cuneiform bone
Cuboid bone 骰骨

ANTELOPE CANYON