Electric Charges and Fields Chapter 1 Solutions

Chapter 1
Electric Charges and Fields
Solutions
SECTION - A
Objective Type Questions (One option is correct)
1. The force of repulsion between two point charges is F, when they are d distance apart. If the point charges are
replaced by conducting spheres each of radius r and the charges remain same. The separation between the
centre of sphere is d, then force of repulsion between them is
(1) Equal to F
(2) Less than F
(3) Greater than F
(4) Cannot be said
Sol. Answer (2)
The charges will move away, increasing the effective distance.
2. Two identical small bodies each of mass m and charge q are suspended from two strings each of length l from a
fixed point. This whole system is taken into an orbiting artificial satellite, then find the tension in strings
Kq 2 Kq 2
(1)  2mg (2)  2mg
l2 4l 2
Kq 2 Kq 2
(3) 2 (4)
l 4l 2
Sol. Answer (4)
F T
T = F = Kq2/4l2 F
3. If two identical spheres having charge 16 C and –8 C are kept at certain distance apart, then the force is F.
They are touched and again kept at the same distance, the force becomes
F F F
(1) F (2) (3) (4)
18 8 2
Sol. Answer (3)
F = C (16) (8)
2
⎛ 16 – 8 ⎞
F’ = C ⎜ ⎟ ⇒ F   F /8
⎝ 2 ⎠
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86 Electric Charges and Fields Solutions of Assignment (Set-2)
4. In the following figure, if magnitude of force between B and C is F, then magnitude of force between A and B is
–q +q
A B
r
2r
C
+q
F F
(1) (2) 2F (3) F (4)
2 2
Sol. Answer (3)
FBC = Kq2/r2, FAB = Kq2/r2
 FAB = FBC
5. Two points charges +4 q and +q are separated by distance r, where should a third point charge Q be placed that
the whole system remains in equilibrium
2r r r r
(1) from q (2) from q (3) from q (4) from 4q
3 3 2 3
Sol. Answer (2)
4q x Q r–x q
kQ(4q ) kQ(q ) 2r
 ⇒x ;
x2 (r – x )2 3
6. Five identical charges +q are placed at five corner of a regular hexagon of side a. Find the magnitude of electric
field at centre
1 q q 5q 5q
(1) 4 2 (2) (3) (4)
0 a 2 0 a 2 4 0 a 2 2 0 a 2
Sol. Answer (1)

q
Electric field due to 4 charges will cancel out. So, E = .
40 a 2
7. Find the electric field at point O, due to the segment of a ring, whose linear charge density is 8 C/cm
++
+
+ 4 cm
+
+
+
+
+
+ 60° O
+
++ ++
++
++
(1) 9 × 1013 V/m (2) 16 × 1013 V/m (3) 8 × 1013 V/m (4) 18 × 1013 V/m
Sol. Answer (4)

E = 2 r sin( / 2)
0
Solutions of Assignment (Set-2) Electric Charges and Fields 87
8. Find the magnitude of dipole moment of the following system.
+q
60° 60°
+4q –5q
a
(1) 21 aq (2) Zero (3) 4 aq (4) 10 aq
Sol. Answer (1) qa
p= (qa)2  (4qa)2  2(qa)(4qa) cos60

60°
4qa
9. Two short dipoles, each of dipole moment p, are placed at origin. The dipole moment of one dipole is along
x-axis, while that of other is along y-axis. The electric field at a point (a, 0) is given by
⎛ 1 ⎞ 2p ⎛ 1 ⎞ p
(1) ⎜⎜ 4 ⎟
⎟ a3 (2) ⎜⎜ 4 ⎟
⎟ a3
⎝ 0 ⎠ ⎝ 0 ⎠
⎛ 1 ⎞ 5p
(3) ⎜⎜ 4 ⎟
⎟ a3 (4) Zero
⎝ 0 ⎠
Sol. Answer (3)
1 2p ˆ 1 p ˆ
E  E1  E2 = 4 a 3 i – 4 a3 j
0 0
1 5. p
 E
40 a3
10. Which of the following is true, when a dipole is placed in non-uniform electric field?
(1) Net force on it is equal to zero
(2) Torque may or may not be zero
(3) Torque must be zero
(4) All of these
Sol. Answer (2)
Torque may or may not be zero. Similarly, force may or may not be zero.
11. Which of the following is true for electric flux through a Gaussian surface?
(1) It depends on magnitude of charge enclosed by Gaussian surface
(2) Electric flux is a scalar quantity
(3) Electric flux is independent of shape of Gaussian surface enclosing the charge
(4) All are true
Sol. Answer (4)
 = qenc/0, it has no direction, and is independent of shape.
12. A point charge of +6 C is placed at a distance 20 cm directly above the centre of a square of side 40 cm. The
magnitude of the flux through the square is
1
(1) 0 (2)
0
1 6
(3) 0 × 10–6 (4)   10
0
Sol. Answer (4)

 = Q/60
13. If the electric field is given by 3iˆ  2 ˆj  6kˆ. Find the electric flux through a surface area 20 unit lying in xy plane
(1) Zero (2) 60 unit (3) 40 unit (4) 120 unit

Sol. Answer (4)

  E  A  (3iˆ  2 jˆ  6kˆ )  20kˆ  120.
14. A small spherically symmetric charge q is placed at one vertex of a cube as shown. The flux through the
faces ABCD and HGEF are, respectively,
q
E
H
G F
D
A
B C
q q q q q
(1) 24 , 24 (2) 0, 8 (3) 8 , 0 (4) 24 0
,0
0 0 0 0
Sol. Answer (4)
q 1
By Gauss’s law total flux through the cube = 8 , as th of charge q lies inside the cube.
0 8
Flux through the three faces meeting at q is zero. Flux through HGEF = 0. Three other faces are symmetrically
located with respect to q.
1 q q
 Flux through ABCD   
3 80 240
15. Find the dimension of 0E 2, where 0 is permittivity of free space and E is the electric field
(1) [M1L1T–2A1] (2) [M1L0T–2] (3) [M1L–1T–2A1] (4) [M1L–1T–2]
Sol. Answer (4)
1 ML2 T –2
0 E 2 = energy density = 3
 ML–1T –2
2 L
16. The dielectric strength of vacuum is
(1) 1 (2) 0 (3)  (4) –1
Sol. Answer (3)
Dielectric strength is the maximum electric field that can be applied without causing electric breakdown.
17. A tiny spherical oil drop carrying a net charge q is balanced in still air with a vertical uniform electric field of
81
strength  105 Vm1 . When the field is switched off, the drop is observed to fall with terminal velocity
7
2 × 10–3 ms–1. Given g = 9.8 ms–2, viscosity of the air = 1.8 × 10–5 Ns m–2 and the density of oil = 900 kg
m–3, the magnitude of q is [IIT-JEE 2010]
(1) 1.6 × 10–19 C (2) 3.2 × 10–19 C (3) 4.8 × 10–19 C (4) 8.0 × 10–19 C
Sol. Answer (4)
During equilibrium in presence of electric field qE = mg
4 3
 qE  r g …(i)
3
When the drop descends with constant velocity
mg = 6phrV
4 3
 r g  6rV
3
Putting the values, we obtain
3
r   10 5 m
7
Putting back in equation (i)
q 8 × 10–19 C
18. Charges Q, 2Q and 4Q are uniformly distributed in three dielectric solid spheres 1, 2 and 3 of radii R/2, R
and 2R respectively, as shown in figure. If magnitudes of the electric fields at point P at a distance R from
the centre of sphere 1, 2 and 3 are E1, E2 and E3 respectively, then [JEE(Advanced)-2014]
P P P
R R R
Q 2Q 4Q
R/2
2R
Sphere 1 Sphere 2 Sphere 3
(1) E1 > E2 > E3 (2) E3 > E1 > E2 (3) E2 > E1 > E3 (4) E3 > E2 > E1
Sol. Answer (3)
KQ
E1 
R2
K (2Q ) 2KQ
E2  
R2 R2 Q
K (4Q )R KQ
E3  3

8R 2R 3
E2  E1  E3
19. Under the influence of the Coulomb field of charge +Q, a charge –q is moving around it in an elliptical orbit.
Find out the correct statement(s) [IIT-JEE 2009]
(1) The angular momentum of the charge –q is constant
(2) The linear momentum of the charge –q is constant
(3) The angular velocity of the charge –q is constant
(4) The linear speed of the charge –q is constant
Sol. Answer (1)
As  about Q is zero, L = constant about + Q (although this should have been mentioned in the problem). Linear
velocity, momentum, speed and angular speed vary.

20. Consider an electric field E  E0 x , where E0 is a constant. The flux through the shaded area (as shown in
the figure) due to this field is
[IIT-JEE 2011]
z
(a, 0, a) (a, a, a)
y
(0, 0, 0) (0, a, 0)
E0 a 2
(1) 2E0a2 (2) 2E0 a 2 (3) E0 a 2 (4)
2
Sol. Answer (3)
1
A = 2  d1  d 2
= 
1 ˆ ˆ
2

ai  aj  akˆ  aiˆ – ajˆ  akˆ 

 = E  A E is constant = E0a2
21. A disk of radius a/4 having a uniformly distributed charge 6 C is placed in the x-y plane with its centre at (–
a/2, 0, 0). A rod of length a carrying a uniformly distributed charge 8 C is placed on
the x-axis from x = a/4 to x = 5a/4. Two point charges – 7 C and 3 C are placed at (a/4, – a/4, 0) and ( –
3a/4 3a/4, 0), respectively. Consider a cubical surface formed by six surfaces x = ± a/2, y = ± a/2, z = ± a/
2. The electric flux through this cubical surface is [IIT-JEE 2009]
–2C 2C 10C 12C

(1) 0 (2) 0 (3) 0 (4) 0
Sol. Answer (1)
qin  3C  2C  (– 7C )
(Disc) (Rod) (Point charge)
qin = –2C
2C
Flux  
0
SECTION - B
Objective Type Questions (More than one option is correct)
1. Two charged metallic spheres of same size repel each other by a force F. They are now touched with each
other and are then separated to same initial distance. Now the force of repulsion is F  . Which of the following
are possible?
(1) F   = F
(2) F  > F
(3) F   F
(4) F  < F
Sol. Answer (1, 2, 3)
If the two spheres have same charge initially then F’ = F. Since charge will not flow as the size and charge is
same. If they have unequal charges, say, q and Q – q, where Q is the total charge on two spheres.
Kq(Q  q )
F= . The force will be maximum when
r2
dF Q
=0 q=
dq 2
d 2F
and  0 at q = Q
dq 2 2
So, the force in maximum when the two charges are equal.
When the two spheres are touched with each other, their charges will be equal owing to their size.
 F’ > F and in this case, F’  F
2. Two fixed charges +4Q and –Q are located at A and B. Select the correct statements
A(4Q) B(–Q)
(1) A point (P) where a third charged particle will not experience a force lies outside AB
(2) A point (P) where a third charged particle will not experience a force lies inside AB
(3) A positive charge is kept at the neutral point (P), can oscillate along horizontal
(4) If a negative charge is kept at the neutral point (P), it can oscillate along horizontal
Sol. Answer (1, 4)
3. Two point charges (Q each) are placed at (0, y) and (0, –y). A point charge q of same polarity is constrained
to move along x-axis. Select the correct alternatives
y
(1) The force on q is maximum at x = ±
2
(2) The charge q is in equilibrium at origin
(3) The charge q performs an oscillatory motion about origin
(4) For any position of q other than origin, the force is directed away from origin
4. In which of the following figures, electric field at point O is non-zero?
++
 = 0cos = Linear charge
O density

(1) (2)
O
Uniform charge/length
Charge per unit length varies with angular position
–+
 = 0sin = Linear charge
density O
 –
+ +
–
(3) (4)
O
+–
Charge per unit length varies with angular position Uniform charge/length for different quadrants
Sol. Answer (2, 3)
5. A short electric dipole is placed along y-axis at the origin. The electric field vector at a point P on

x-axis is E 1 . The dipole is rotated by at its position. Now, the electric field vector at point P is E2 . Select
2
the correct alternative(s).
(1) E 2  E1 (2) E 2  2E1
(3) | E 2 |  2 | E1 | (4) E 2 . E 1  0
Sol. Answer (3, 4)



p p
E1   (  ˆj )
40 .r 3 40 .r 3


2p 2p
E2   . iˆ
40 .r 3 40 .r 3

 | E2 | 2 | E 2 |
 
and E2 . E1 = 0
6. Which of the four particles contribute to the electric field at point P on the surface?
+q3 +q4
+q1
P
+q2
(1) q1 (2) q2 (3) q3 (4) q4

Sol. Answer (1, 2, 3, 4)
7. Which of the four particles contribute to the net electric flux through the closed surface?
+q3 +q4
+q1
P
+q2
(1) q1 (2) q2 (3) q3 (4) q4

Sol. Answer (1, 2)
q
8. In Gauss theorem ∫ E.ds   0
. The surface integral is evaluated by choosing a closed surface, called the Gaussian
surface. Here the correct statement is/are

(1) The closed surface can have any shape or size
(2) 'q' is the net charge enclosed by the Gaussian surface

(3) E , must be the electric field due to all the charges inside the surface only
(4) The exact location of the charges inside the surface does not affect the value of the integral
q
9. Consider Gauss' law ∫ E.dA =  . Which of the following is not true?
0

(1) E must be the electric field due to enclosed charge only

(2) If net charge inside the Gaussian surface = 0, E must be zero everywhere over the Gaussian surface
(3) If the only charge inside the Gaussian surface is an electric dipole, then the integral is zero

(4) E is parallel to dA everywhere over the Gaussian surface
10. A few electric field lines for a system of two charges Q1 and Q2 fixed at two different points on the x-axis are
shown in the figure. These lines suggest that [IIT-JEE 2010]
Q1 Q2
(1) |Q1| > |Q2|

(2) |Q1| < |Q2|
(3) At a finite distance to the left of Q1 the electric field is zero
(4) At a finite distance to the right of Q2 the electric field is zero
Sol. Answer (1, 4)
Lines are denser around Q1
 |Q1| > |Q2|
Since |Q1| > |Q2|, then electric field will be zero at some distance to right of Q2
11. Two non-conducting solid spheres of radii R and 2R, having uniform volume charge densities 1 and 2
respectively, touch each other. The net electric field at a distance 2R from the centre of the smaller sphere,
1
along the line joining the centres of the spheres, is zero. The ratio  can be [JEE (Advanced)-2013]
2
32 32
(1) –4 (2)  (3) (4) 4
25 25
Sol. Answer (2, 4)

EP = 0
4
1 R 3
3  (R )
  2 P' P
40 (2R )2 3 0
R 2R
2R
1
 4
2
EP '  0
4 4
1 R 3 2 (2R )3
 3  3
40 (2R )2 40 (5R )2
1 32
 –
2 25
12. Let E1(r), E2(r) and E3(r) be the respective electric fields at a distance r from a point charge Q, an infinitely
long wire with constant linear charge density , and an infinite plane with uniform surface charge density . If
E1(r0) = E2(r0) = E3(r0) at a given distance r0, then [JEE(Advanced)-2014]

(1) Q  4r02 (2) r0 
2
(3) E1(r0 /2) = 2E2(r0 /2) (4) E2(r0 /2) = 4E3(r0 /2)
Sol. Answer (3)
Q ⎛r ⎞ 4Q
E1(r0 )  , E1 ⎜ 0 ⎟ 
40 r 2 ⎝ 2 ⎠ 40 r
2
 ⎛r ⎞ 2
E2 (r0 )  , E2 ⎜ 0 ⎟
20 r ⎝2 ⎠ 20 r
⎛r ⎞ 
E3 (r0 )  E3 ⎜ 0 ⎟ 
⎝ 2 ⎠ 20
Now, E1(r0 )  E2 (r0 )  E3 (r0 )
Q  
 2
 
40 r 20 r 20
 Q  2r 2 
 
   or r 
r 
⎛r ⎞ ⎛ r0 ⎞
E1 ⎜ 0 ⎟  4E1( r0 )  2E2 ⎜ ⎟
⎝2 ⎠ ⎝8⎠
⎛ r0 ⎞ ⎛ r0 ⎞
Also, E2 ⎜ ⎟  2E3 (r0 )  2E3 ⎜ ⎟
2
⎝ ⎠ ⎝2⎠
Only (3) is correct.
13. Consider a uniform spherical charge distribution of radius R1 centred at the origin O. In this distribution, a
spherical cavity of radius R2, centred at P with distance OP = a = R1 – R2 (see figure) is made. If the electric

field inside the cavity at position r is E (r ) , then the correct statement(s) is(are) [JEE(Advanced)-2015]
R2
P
R1
O

(1) E is uniform, its magnitude is independent of R2 but its direction depends on r

(2) E is uniform, its magnitude depends on R2 and its direction depends on r

(3) E is uniform, its magnitude is independent of a but its direction depends on a

(4) E is uniform and both its magnitude and direction depend on a
Sol. Answer (4)
⎛ a ⎞
The field in the cavity is uniform, E  ⎜  ⎟ OP
⎝ 3 0 ⎠
a = P1 – P2
14. The figures below depict two situations in which two infinitely long static line charges of constant positive line
charge density  are kept parallel to each other. In their resulting electric field, point charges q and –q are
kept in equilibrium between them. The point charges are confined to move in the x direction only. If they are
given a small displacement about their equilibrium positions, then the correct statement(s) is(are)
[JEE(Advanced)-2015]
   
x x
+q –q
(1) Both charges execute simple harmonic motion

(2) Both charges will continue moving in the direction of their displacement
(3) Charge +q executes simple harmonic motion while charge –q continues moving in the direction of its
displacement
(4) Charge –q executes simple harmonic motion while charge +q continues moving in the direction of its
displacement
Sol. Answer (3)
As the '+' charge is moved in +x-direction, it will experience a greater repulsion in x-direction while '–' charge
will be attracted.
⎛ a ⎞
15. A cubical region of side a has its centre at the origin. It encloses three fixed point charges, –q at ⎜ 0,  , 0 ⎟ ,
⎝ 4 ⎠
⎛ a ⎞
+3q at (0, 0, 0) and –q at ⎜ 0,  , 0 ⎟ . Choose the correct option(s). [IIT-JEE 2012]
⎝ 4 ⎠
–q
–q 3q y
a a
(1) The net electric flux crossing the plane x =  is equal to the net electric flux crossing the plane x = 
2 2
a
(2) The net electric flux crossing the plane y =  is more than the net electric flux crossing the plane y
2
a
= 
2
q
(3) The net electric flux crossing the entire region is 
0
a a
(4) The net electric flux crossing the plane z =  is equal to the net electric flux crossing the plane x = 
2 2
Due to symmetry.
16. In terms of potential difference V, electric current I, permittivity 0, permeability 0 and speed of light c, the
dimensionally correct equation(s) is(are) [JEE(Advanced)-2015]
(1) 0I2 = 0V2
(2) 0I = 0V
(3) I = 0cV
(4) 0cI = 0V

Sol. Answer (1, 3)
Using V = Bv , we have
V = (0 nI ) v
⎛ 1⎞
or V = 0 ⎜ ⎟ I  c 
⎝⎠
V  0Ic
or Vc  0Ic 2
0I
 Vc 
0 0
 V 0 c  I ... (i)
Also, V  0Ic
02 I 2 0 2
Squaring V 2  02 I 2c 2   I
0 0 0
 V 2 0  0 I 2 ... (ii)
SECTION - C
Linked Comprehension Type Questions
Comprehension-I
These days, impact printing such as that of a standard type writer has been replaced by high quality, high speed
ink-jet printing. Its basic lies in building up of alphabets or figures by a jet of tiny liquid drops. The negatively charged
drops are guided by passing them between two conducting plates. A signal from a computer determines the charge
on the drop. An electric field guides the drop to a particular position on the paper. About 100 tiny droplets are needed
to form a single character.
1. The advantage of ink-jet printing over standard impact printing is
(1) Its high-speed (2) Its low cost
(3) Simplicity of design (4) All of thesess
Sol. Answer (1)
On account of high quality and high speed, ink-jet printing is preferred over standard impact printing.
2. Different ink-drops land on the paper following different paths, because
(1) They are subjected to different electric fields (2) They have different charges
(3) They are different in size (4) They have different potential energies
Sol. Answer (2)
Electric field is same for all droplets. But on account of different charges, different droplets land at different
positions on the paper.
3. Which of the following best represents the principle involved in ink-jet printing?
(1) Opposite charges attract each other
(2) Path of a moving charge in uniform electric field is parabola
(3) When two charged drop combine, energy is released
(4) Electrostatic induction
Sol. Answer (2)
Charged particles are guided by electric field. This is the basic principle of operation of ink-jet printing.
Comprehension-II
⎛ 3a ⎞
A fixed circle of radius a and centre O is drawn and a charge +q1 is placed at a distance ⎜ ⎟ from O on a line
⎝ 4 ⎠
5a
through O and perpendicular to plane of circle. And a second charge q2 is similarly placed at a distance on
12
the opposite side of circle
A (+q1) O +q2 B
q1
1. If the net flux through circle is zero, then would be
q2
13 20 2
(1) 1 (2) (3) (4)
20 13 9
q
Sol. Answer (3) = (1 – cos )
2 0
q1 q
(1– cos  )  2 (1– cos )
20 20 
5
1– q
q1 1– cos  13  8  5  20
  
q2 1– cos  3 13  2 13 
1– q1 q2
5
2. If the value of q1 and q2 are 100 C and –400 C respectively and they are separated by a distance of 30
cm. The locus of all points in the plane where electric potential is zero would be
(1) Straight line
(2) Parabola whose axis is line joining the charges
(3) Circle of radius 8 cm
(4) Circle of radius 4 cm
Sol. Answer (3)
q1 q2
 0
2 2
4 x  y 40 (30 – x )2  y 2
P
100 400
– 0 2 2
2
y (30 – x ) + y
2 2 2 2
x y (30 – x )  y
+
2
x y
q1 x 30 – x q2
2 2 2 2
(30 – x )  y  4 x  y
(30 – x)2 + y2 = 16x2 + 16y2
x2 + y2 – 60x – 16x2 – 6y2 + 900 = 0
15x2 + 15y2 + 60x – 900 = 0
x2 + y2 + 4x – 60 = 0
radius = g2  f 2 – c
= 4  60
= 64
= 8 cm
3. If the values of q1 and q2 are +q, –2q respectively, now a third charge –q has to be placed on line AB so that
it can be in stable equilibrium. The distance of point where third charge is placed from charge q, would be
(take a = 12 cm)
14 14
(1) cm (2) cm
2 –1 2 1
14
(3) cm (4) –q cannot be in stable equilibrium at any point.
2 2 –1
Sol. Answer (4)

P l
+q
x (–2q)
⎡ 1 2 ⎤
EP = Kq ⎢ 2 – ⎥
⎣x (l  x )2 ⎦
⎡ (l  n )2 – 2 x 2 ⎤
= Kq ⎢ 2 2 ⎥
⎣ x (l  n ) ⎦
l  x  2x   l  x – 2x 
= Kq
x 2 (l  x )2
⎡⎣ l  x  2  1 ⎤⎦ ⎡⎣ l  x 1– 2  ⎤⎦
= Kq
x 2 (l  n )2
⎡⎛ l ⎞⎛ l ⎞⎤
⎢⎜ x  ⎟ ⎜x – ⎟⎥
⎝ 2  1 ⎠ ⎝ 2 – 1⎠⎦
= Kq  l  2   l – 2 
⎣
x 2 (l  n )2
– – + + –
–l –l 0 l
2+1 2–1
E E
(–q ) +q (–2q)
Unstable equilibrium
Alternating
+q
–2q
Comprehension-III
An early, but in correct, model of the hydrogen atom proposed by J.J.Thomson, proposed that the atom can be
considered as a positive cloud of charge +e uniformly distributed throughout the volume of a sphere of radius R, with the
electron (an equal magnitude negatively charged particle) at the centre. Using Gauss law or otherwise, we can show
that the electron will be in equilibrium at the centre.
1. If the electron is displaced from the centre by a radial distance r, it would experience a force (r < R)
⎛ 1 ⎞ e2 r ⎛ 1 ⎞ e2 r
(1) ⎜ 4 ⎟ 3 , radially inwards (2) ⎜ 4 ⎟ 3 , radially outwards
⎝ 0 ⎠R ⎝ 0 ⎠R
⎛ 1 ⎞ e2 ⎛ 1 ⎞ e2
(3) ⎜ 4 ⎟ 2 , radially inwards (4) ⎜ 4 ⎟ 2 , radially outwards
⎝ 0 ⎠r ⎝ 0 ⎠r
Sol. Answer (1)
2. Suppose the electron is not stationary at the centre, but oscillating about the centre with an amplitude less than
R. The time period of its oscillatory motion will be
40 mR 3 40 R 2 e2 e2
(1) 2 (2) 2 (3) 2 (4) 2
e2 e2 40 mR 3 40 mR 2
Sol. Answer (1)
3. Suppose the electron is orbiting inside in a circle of radius r, the orbital speed of the electron will be
e2r 2 e2R 3 e2r 3 e2R 3

(1) (2) (3) (4)
40 mR 3 40 mr 20 mR 3 80 mr
Sol. Answer (1)
Comprehension-IV
A spherical shell of inner radius R and outer radius 2R, has a uniform charge distribution and total charge Q.
2R
1. The charges inside the “Gaussian sphere” for the given three regions are respectively
(i) 0 < a < R (ii) R < a < 2R
(iii) 2R < a
Q ⎡ ⎛ a ⎞3 ⎤ Q ⎡⎛ a ⎞2 ⎤
(1) 0, ⎢  1⎥ , Q (2) 0, ⎢  1⎥ , 2Q
7 ⎣⎜⎝ R ⎟⎠ ⎦ 9 ⎣⎜⎝ R ⎟⎠ ⎦
2 ⎡ 2 ⎤
⎡ ⎤
(3) 0, Q ⎢⎛⎜ a ⎞⎟  1⎥ , Q (4) 0, Q ⎢⎛⎜ a ⎞⎟  1⎥ , 4Q
⎣⎝ R ⎠ ⎦ ⎣⎝ R ⎠ ⎦
Sol. Answer (1)
2. Use Gauss’s Law, the electric fields at the surface of the “Gaussian surface” when
(i) 0 < a < R (ii) R < a < 2R (iii) 2R < a
are respectively
Q ⎡ ⎛ a ⎞3 ⎤ Q Q ⎡ ⎛ a ⎞3 ⎤ Q
(1) 0, ⎢⎜ ⎟  1⎥ , (2) 0, ⎢⎜ ⎟  2 ⎥ ,
280a2 ⎣⎝ R ⎠ ⎦ 40a
2
250a 2 ⎣ ⎝ R ⎠ ⎦ 2  0a
2
Q ⎡ ⎛ a ⎞3 ⎤ Q Q ⎡ ⎛ a ⎞3 ⎤ Q
(3) 0, 2 ⎢⎜ ⎟  3⎥ , 2
(4) 0, 2 ⎢⎜ ⎟  4⎥ , 2
320a ⎣⎝ R ⎠ ⎦ 4  0a 300a ⎣⎝ R ⎠ ⎦ 4  0a
Sol. Answer (1)

3. The electric field in a region of space is E  E0 xiˆ . The flux of electric field through a sphere of radius r, centred
at origin is
4 E 0 r 3
(1) (2) E0r3 (3) E0r3 (4) Zero
3
Sol. Answer (1)
Comprehension-V
For a uniformly charged disc of radius R and surface charge density  centred at origin and lying in y-z plane,
 ⎡ x ⎤
the electric field strength at (x, 0) is 2 ⎢1  ⎥.
0 ⎢⎣ R  x2
2 ⎥⎦
1. Consider an annular disc of inner radius r and outer radius 2r, having uniform surface charge density . The
electric field on the axis of this disc at a distance r from the centre will be
    ⎛ 1 ⎞
(1) (2) ( 5  2) (3) ( 3  2) (4) ⎜1  ⎟
2 10  0 2 10  0 2 10  0 2 0 ⎜ ⎟
⎝ 2⎠
Sol. Answer (2)
2. The electric field strength on the axis of this cylinder at a point P, whose distance from nearer face of the
cylinder is r, is
 ⎡L  R 2  (r  L )2  R 2  r 2 ⎤  ⎡L  R 2  r 2  R 2  (R  L )2 ⎤
(1) ⎢⎣ ⎥⎦ (2) ⎢⎣ ⎥⎦
2 0 2 0
 ⎡  R2
(3) R 2  (r  L ) 2  R 2  r 2 ⎤ (4)
2 0 ⎢⎣ ⎥⎦ 2 0 L
Sol. Answer (1)
3. Consider a cylinder of radius R and length L having a charge distributed uniformly over its volume. The cylinder
can be assumed to be made up of a large number of discs, each of thickness dx. The surface charge density
of one such disc will be
Ldx Rdx R 2

(1) dx (2) (3) (4)
R L L
Sol. Answer (1)
Comprehension-VI
The nuclear charge (Ze) is non-uniformly distributed within a nucleus of radius R. The charge density (r) [charge
per unit volume] is dependent only on the radial distance r from the centre of the nucleus as shown in figure. The
electric field is only along the radial direction. [IIT-JEE 2008]
(r)
r
a R
1. The electric field at r = R is

(1) Independent of a (2) Directly proportional to a
(3) Directly proportional to a2 (4) Inversely proportional to a
Sol. Answer (1)
The electric field at R (at the surface) is
1 (Ze )
E = 4 2
0 R
It is independent of a
2. For a = 0, the value of d (maximum value of  as shown in the figure) is
3Ze 3Ze 4Ze Ze

(1) (2) (3) 3 (4)
4R 3
R 3 3 R 3 R 3
Sol. Answer (2)
⎛ r ⎞
When a = 0,   d ⎜ 1  ⎟
⎝ R ⎠
R R
⎛ 2 r3 ⎞
Now, Ze = ∫   4r dr  4d ∫ ⎜ r  R ⎟ dr
2
0 0⎝ ⎠
3Ze
 d=
R 3
3. The electric field within the nucleus is generally observed to be linearly dependent on r. This implies
R 2R
(1) a = 0 (2) a = (3) a = R (4) a =
2 3
Sol. Answer (3)

When E   charge density is uniform (like the case of a uniformly charged sphere).
So, a = R
SECTION - D
Assertion-Reason Type Questions
1. A positively charged ball is brought close to a neutral conducting isolated sphere. The isolated sphere is
grounded for an instant and then the ground connection is removed. Consider the following statements.
STATEMENT-1 : The sphere will acquire a negative charge after this process.
and
STATEMENT-2 : If the sphere is kept grounded and positively charged ball is moved away, the sphere will again
become neutral.
Sol. Answer (2)
Negative charge flows to the grounded sphere (placed near positively charged ball) to make its positive potential
zero. If the charged ball is moved away, then sphere is no longer at positive potential. To keep the sphere at zero
potential, negative charge flows back to ground.
2. A Gaussian surface encloses a proton p. The electric field at any point on the surface is E . The flux linked
with the Gaussian surface is .
STATEMENT-1 : When an electron is kept close to this system outside the Gaussian surface, the flux linked
with the surface would change.
and
STATEMENT-2 : The presence of electron will alter the electric field on the gaussian surface.
Sol. Answer (4)
Outside charge will alter the value of electric field at different points of Gaussian surface but its net contribution
in the flux through the Gaussian surface is zero.
3. STATEMENT-1 : Electric field lines start from a positive charge and terminate at a negative charge.
and
STATEMENT-2 : Electric field lines in free space are continuous curves.
Sol. Answer (2)
Both statements are correct independent of each other.
4. STATEMENT-1 : An isolated neutral conductor is given some charge. As it is being charged, an electric field
appears in the conductor.
and
STATEMENT-2 : Under static conditions, the net electric field inside a conductor is zero.
Sol. Answer (2)
During charging of the conductor distribution of charge on the conductor takes place due to existence of electric
field. Charge will keep on moving if there is electric field in the conductor. But after under electrostatic condition
is reached, net electric field inside the conductor is zero.
5. STATEMENT-1 : When a charged particle is released from rest in a region of electric field, its path will represent
the electric field lines in the region.
and
STATEMENT-2 : The force experienced by the charged particle will be along a tangent drawn to the electric
field line at a point.
Sol. Answer (4)
At any point in the field, a charge moves tangent to the field, but not along the field. Only in a straight line, the
field and tangent coincides.
6. STATEMENT-1 : A point charge be rotated in a circle around a fixed charge, the work done by electric field
of fixed charge will be zero.
and
STATEMENT-2 : Work done is the dot product of force and displacement.
Sol. Answer (2)
Here, force and displacement are perpendicular.
7. STATEMENT-1 : The lightning conductor at the top of high building has sharp pointed ends.
and
STATEMENT-2 : The surface density is more at pointed ends to provide higher electric field.
Sol. Answer (1)
At sharp points, electric field becomes very high, creating a conducting path around it.
8. STATEMENT-1 : Two positively charged objects may attract each other.

and
STATEMENT-2 : A charge of large magnitude produces more induced charge on a body of small charge.
Sol. Answer (1)
The opposite charge induced may be more so as to produce attraction.
9. STATEMENT-1 : No two electric field lines can intersect each other.

and
STATEMENT-2 : At point of intersection electric field must be zero.
Sol. Answer (3)
At point of intersection, two possible direction of field exist.
10. STATEMENT-1 : If a charge particle enters into a uniform electric field, then its path must be straight line.
and
STATEMENT-2 : Electrostatic force on a positive charge particle is always in the direction of electric field.
Sol. Answer (4)
In a uniform electric field, path may or may not be a straight line.
11. STATEMENT-1 : If potential energy of a dipole in stable equilibrium position is zero, its potential energy in
unstable equilibrium position will be 2pE, where p and E represent the dipole moment and electric field
respectively.
and
STATEMENT-2 : The potential energy of a dipole is minimum in stable equilibrium position and maximum in
unstable equilibrium position.
Sol. Answer (2)
Difference in potential energy is independent of the reference level.
 = 0° is the position of stable equilibrium and  = 180° is the position of unstable equilibrium.
If U = 0 at  = 90°
 U (between  = 0° and  = 180°) = + pE – (– pE) = 2pE
If reference level is taken at  = 0°, then
U = U2 (at  = 180°) – U1 (at q = 0°)
2pE = U2 – 0
 U2 = 2pE
Two statements are independently true.
12. STATEMENT-1 : An electric dipole in non-uniform electric field may not experience a torque.
and
STATEMENT-2 : Torque on dipole is PE sin  (where symbols have their own meanings).
Sol. Answer (2)

When p || E,   0 .
SECTION - E
Matrix-Match Type Questions
1. Column I shows charge distribution and column II shows electrostatic field created by that charge at a point
r distance from its centre.
Column I Column II
(A) A stationary point charge (p) E  r0
(B) A stationary uniformly long charge rod (q) E  r–1
(C) A stationary electric dipole (r) E  r+1
(D) A uniform charged solid sphere (s) E  r–2
(t) E  r–3
Sol. Answer A(s), B(q), C(t), D(r, s)
kq
For a point charge, E =
r2
2k 
For a line charge, E =
r
2kp
For an electric dipole, E =
r3
For a uniformly charged sphere, E  r, inside;
1
E , outside.
r2
2. Column I shows distribution of electric field lines and column II shows charge distribution. Match the columns.
Column I Column II
(A) Straight lines but not parallel (p) Uniformly distributed charged shell
(B) Parallel straight lines (q) Uniformly distributed charged long rod
(C) Curved lines (r) Uniformly distributed infinite charged sheet
(D) Some regions where no lines are present (s) Electric dipole
(t) Any conducting material
Sol. Answer A(p, q), B(r), C(s), D(p, t)
For a uniformly charged shell, inside field is zero, and outside, field lines are straight and radial.
For a long rod, field lines are straight, but radial.
For an infinite charged sheet, field lines are parallel
For a dipole, field lines are in general curved.
For a conductor, field is zero in some region. They may be straight or curved.

3. ∫ E  ds = Electric flux through a closed surface ‘s’
Match the columns :

Column I Column II

(A) The value of ∫ E.ds is affected by (p) +ve charge inside ‘s’
(B) Electric field at a point inside ‘s’ is (q) –ve charge inside ‘s’
affected by
(C) Electric field at a point outside ‘s’ is (r) +ve charge outside ‘s’
affected by
(D) Electric field at a point at the surface (s) –ve charge outside ‘s’
of ‘s’ is affected by
(t) Outside charges but very far away from ‘s’
Sol. Answer A(p, q), B(p, q, r, s), C(p, q, r, s), D(p, q, r, s)
Electric flux through a closed surface is affected only by charged inside the surface, while the electric field is
affected by all charges weather inside or outside.
4. Four charges Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 of same magnitude are fixed along the x axis at x = –2a, –a, +a and +2a,
respectively. A positive charge q is placed on the positive y axis at a distance b > 0. Four options of
the signs of these charges are given in Column-I. The direction of the forces on the charge q is given
in Column-II. Match Column-I with Column-II and select the correct answer using the code given below the
lists. [JEE(Advanced)-2014]
q (0, b)
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
(–2a,0) (–a,0) (+a,0) (+2a,0)
Column-I Column-II
(A) Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 all positive (p) +x
(B) Q1, Q2 positive; Q3, Q4 negative (q) –x
(C) Q1, Q4 positive; Q2, Q3 negative (r) +y
(D) Q1, Q3 positive; Q2, Q4 negative (s) –y
Code :
A B C D
(1) r p s q
(2) s q r p
(3) r p q s
(4) s q p r
Sol. Answer (1)
A. Not along +y
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
B. Not along +x
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
C. Not along –y
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
D. Not along –x
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
SECTION - F
Integer Answer Type Questions
1. Consider an imaginary cube with different vertices of the cube marked as shown. A point charge is placed at
the vertex H and flux through the face ABCD is  in this case. Now, the charge is shifted to centroid of the
cube. Flux through the face AEHD in this case is k. What is the value of k ?
H G
D C
F
E
Sol. Answer (4) A B
q
Case I :   24
0
q
Case II: k   6 ⇒ k  4
0
q 1
2. The maximum electric field upon the axis of a circular ring (q, R) is given by E   . Find n.
0 R 2 6 n
Sol. Answer (3)
1 q.x
E . 2
40 ( x  R 2 )3/2
dE
Putting 0
dx
R
 x
2
Find Emax.
3. A solid sphere of radius R has a charge Q distributed in its volume with a charge density  = kr a, where k
R 1
and a are constants and r is the distance from its centre. If the electric field at r  is times that at
2 8
r = R, find the value of a. [IIT-JEE 2009]
Sol. Answer (2)
qin
∫ E.ds   0
R r
P
r
1 x
E.4r 2  ∫ kx
a
4x 2 dx
0 dx
0
r
1
E.4r 2  ∫ kx
a
4x 2 dx
0
0
k ⎡ r a 3 ⎤
E ⎢ ⎥
0 r 2 ⎣⎢ a  3 ⎦⎥
kr a 1
E
0 (a  3 )
kr a 1
E
0 (a  3 )
1
ER /2  ER
8
a 1
k ⎡R ⎤ 1 k
  [R ]a 1
0 (a  3) ⎢⎣ 2 ⎥⎦ 8 0 (a  3)
 a=2
4. Four point charges, each of +q, are rigidly fixed at the four corners of a square planar soap film of side 'a'.
The surface tension of the soap film is . The system of charges and planar film are in equilibrium, and
1/ N
⎡ q2 ⎤
ak⎢ ⎥ , where 'k' is a constant. Then N is [IIT-JEE 2011]
⎣⎢  ⎦⎥
Sol. Answer (3)
⎧ kq 2 Kq 2 1 ⎫
(2 × a × g) × c = 2  ⎨ 2  2  ⎬
⎩a 2a 2⎭
⎧q 2 ⎫ ⎧ 1 ⎫
 a3 = k ⎨ ⎬ ⎨1 ⎬

⎩ ⎭⎩ 2 2⎭
⎧q 2 ⎫
 a3 = K  ⎨ ⎬
⎩  ⎭
1
⎧q 2 ⎫3
 a = K  ⎨ ⎬
⎩  ⎭
5. An infinitely long solid cylinder of radius R has a uniform volume charge density . It has a spherical cavity
of radius R/2 with its centre on the axis of the cylinder, as shown in the figure. The magnitude of the electric
23R
field at the point P, which is at a distance 2R from the axis of the cylinder, is given by the expression 16k  .
0
The value of k is [IIT-JEE 2012]
z
R/2
P
y
2R
Sol. Answer (6)
R 2 (R 3 / 8) R R 23R
EP = Ecylinder – Esphere =  = 4  96 = 96  k = 6
20 (2R ) 30 (2R )2 0 0 0
6. An infinitely long uniform line charge distribution of charge per unit length  lies parallel to the y-axis in the
3
y-z plane at z  a (see figure). If the magnitude of the flux of the electric field through the rectangular
2
L
surface ABCD lying in the x-y plane with its centre at the origin is n (0 = permittivity of free space), then
0
the value of n is [JEE(Advanced)-2015]
z
L 3
D C a
x 2
a
y
O
A B
Sol. Answer (6)
1 q
The flux through the surface is 
6 0

Cylinder of length L and radius a
q L 3
q  L ⇒    30° a
60 60 2
n=6 a/2
a
SECTION - G
Multiple True-False Type Questions
1. Consider these three statements in context of electrostatic field lines.
STATEMENT-1 : Electrostatic field lines are continuous curves in space.
STATEMENT-2 : Electrostatic field lines are always perpendicular to equipotential surface.
STATEMENT-3 : A charge when released in electrostatic field moves along electrostatic field lines.
(1) T T F (2) T F T (3) F T F (4) T F F
Sol. Answer (1)
(i) In free space field lines cannot have breakes as they must terminate at or originate from a charge.

(ii) dV = 0  E  dr  0 ⇒ E  dr
(iii) Charge will follow field lines only when field lines are straight and the particle is projected parallel to the field.
2. STATEMENT-1 : The electrostatic force is much stronger than the gravitational force.
STATEMENT-2 : Electrostatic force can be attractive or repulsive.
STATEMENT-3 : Electrostatic force is central force.
(1) T T T (2) TTF (3) FTT (4) TFT
Sol. Answer (1)
All statements are factual.
3. STATEMENT-1 : A stationary electric charge produce electrostatic field and this field exterts electrostatic force
on other charge.
STATEMENT-2 : Theoretically electric field is found upto infinite distance from a point charge.
STATEMENT-3 : An electron is a point charge.
(1) T T T (2) TTF (3) FTT (4) TFT
Sol. Answer (2)
Electron is a finite sized object.
4. STATEMENT-1 : Coulombic force between two stationary point charges is directly proportional to product of
charges and inversely proportional to square of distance between them.
STATEMENT-2 : Coulombic force between two stationary point charges depends on the medium.
STATEMENT-3 : Coulombic force obeys superposition principle.
(1) T T T (2) TTF (3) TFT (4) TFF
Sol. Answer (3)
Coulombic force between two charges does not depend on surrounding medium.
5. STATEMENT-1 : The charge of an isolated system is conserved.
STATEMENT-2 : The positive charge of an isolated system is conserved.
STATEMENT-3 : The number of charged particles of an isolated system is conserved.
(1) T T T (2) FFF (3) TFT (4) TFF
Sol. Answer (4)
Total charge of an isolated system is conserved but the total number of charged particles is not conserved.
6. STATEMENT-1 : Charge cannot exist without matter.
STATEMENT-2 : Charge of body depends on its velocity.
STATEMENT-3 : A charge cannot exert force on itself.
(1) T F T (2) TFF (3) TTF (4) TTT
Sol. Answer (1)
Charge is always accompanied by mass. Charge is non-relativistic
7. STATEMENT-1 : Electric field at a point due to an infinite sheet of uniformly distributed charge is independent
of distance between the point from the sheet.
STATEMENT-2 : Electric field at a point due to an uniformly distributed long charged rod is inversily
proportional to distance between the point and rod.
STATEMENT-3 : Electric field at a point due to an electric dipole is inversely proportional to the cube of
distance between point and centre of dipole.
(1) F F T (2) TTT (3) FTF (4) TTF

Sol. Answer (2)
For a sheet, field is uniform (/20).
2k  1
For a long rod, E = ,E 
r r
1
For a dipole, E 
r3
8. STATEMENT-1 : The electric field lines either originate from or terminate on conducting surface normally.
STATEMENT-2 : The number of lines of forces that originate from or terminate on a charge is proportional to
the magnitude of the charge.
STATEMENT-3 : The field lines always start on positive charges and terminate on negative charge.
(1) F F F (2) TTF (3) TTT (4) TFT
Sol. Answer (3)
The surface of a conductor is equipotential.
9. STATEMENT-1: Field lines are continuous in a medium.
STATEMENT-2 : The path traced by a positive charge is a field line.
STATEMENT-3 : The electric field line can intersect itself.
(1) T F T (2) TTF (3) FTF (4) TFF
Sol. Answer (4)
In free space, field lines are continuous. All three statements are false.

10. STATEMENT-1 : If ∫ E  ds over a closed surface is negative, it means the surface encloses a net negative
charge.
STATEMENT-2 : We may have a Gaussian surface in which three field lines enter and five field lines are
coming out.

STATEMENT-3 : The quantity ∫ E  ds is independent of the charge distribution inside the surface.
(1) T T T (2) FFT (3) FTF (4) TFF

Sol. Answer (1)
qinside
∫ E  ds 0 .

If qinside < 0, ∫ E  ds  0.

Further, ∫ E  ds does not depend on distribution of charge.
SECTION - H
Aakash Challengers Questions
1. A practical application of electrical interaction of solids. For example, florida phosphate ore, consisting of small
particles of quartz and phosphate rock, can be separated into component by applying a uniform electric field
as in figure.
Phosphate Quartz
E
Assuming zero initial velocity and displacement, determine the separation between the particles after falling
80 cm. Take E = 0.5 MV/m and specific charge for both positive and negative charge particles 9 C/kg.
1 2 1 qE 2 x qE
Sol. y  gt , x  t ⇒ 
2 2 m y mg
qE
or x  y
mg
Separation = 2x
2. Planes x = 2 and y = –3, respectively, carry charge densities 10 nC/m2. If the line x = 0, z = 2 carries charge
density 10 nC/m, calculate the electric field vector at (1, 1, –1).
Sol.

E1  ( iˆ)  –180iˆ (∵ (1, 1, – 1) lies to the left of plane x = 2)
20

E2  2 ( ˆj )  270ˆj (∵ (1, 1, – 1) lies above the plane y = – 3)
20
 ⎛ 1 ˆ 3 ˆ⎞
E3  ⎜ i  k⎟ (∵ foot of  from (1, 1, – 1) on line x = 0, z = 2 is (0, 1, 2))
20 r ⎝ 10 10 ⎠
1 ⎡
⎣(2y  z )iˆ  4 xyjˆ  xkˆ ⎤⎦ V/m . Find volume charge density at (–1,
2
3. The electric field in a region is given as E 
0
0, 3).
Sol. Using Gauss’s law,
E x E y E z 
  
x y z 0
4x 
0 
0 0
  = 4x C/m3
 = –4 C/m3
4. A particle of mass m and charge q is subjected to combined action of gravity and a uniform horizontal electric
field of strength E. It is projected from ground with speed v in the vertical plane parallel to the field at an angle
 to the horizontal. What is the maximum distance the particle can travel horizontally before striking ground.
2v sin 
Sol. T 
g
2
v cos   2v sin  1 ⎛ qE ⎞ ⎛ 2v sin  ⎞
R  ⎜ ⎜ ⎟
g 2 ⎝ m ⎟⎠ ⎝ g ⎠
dR mq
 0 ⇒ tan2  
d qE
⇒ Rmax 
v2
mg 2
qE  m2 g 2  q 2E 2 
Comprehension (Q.5 to Q.7)
A short electric dipole is placed at a distance x from centre O on the axis of a ring of radius R and charge Q is
uniformly distributed over it.
Q
+
++ +
+ +
+ 1
+ P K=
+ + 4 0
+
+ + x
+ +
+ +
+ ++
5. The net force acting on the dipole will be
R 2 – 2x 2 R 2 – x 2 
(1) KQP (2) KQP
 R 2  x 2 5/2  R 2  x 2 5/2
KQPX
(3) (4) Zero
R  x2 
2 3/2
Sol. Answer (1)
Qx
E( x )  3/2
40  R 2  x 2 
pdE
F 
dx
pQ ⎡ ⎛ x ⎞⎤
 ⎢d ⎜⎜ 3/2 ⎟ ⎥
40 ⎟
⎢⎣ ⎝  R  x  ⎠ ⎥⎦
2 2
⎡ 3 ⎤
–1 3
⎢(R 2  x 2 )3/2 – x(R 2  x 2 ) 2   2x ⎥
pQ ⎣ 2 ⎦

40 (R 2  x 2 )3
pQ ⎢  R 2  x 2  – 3 x 2 R 2  x 2
⎡ 3/2 ⎤
 ⎥
40 ⎢  R 2  x 2 3 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
pQ ⎡ R 2 – 2 x 2 ⎤
 ⎢ ⎥
40 ⎢  R 2  x 2 3/2 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
⎡ R 2 – 2x 2 ⎤
 KPQ ⎢ 5/2 ⎥
⎣⎢  R  x  ⎦⎥
2 2
6. The work done by external agent in rotating the dipole through 180° would be
x ⎛ x ⎞
(1) 2KQP (2) KQP
⎜ 2 3/2 ⎟
R 2  x 2 3/2 ⎝ R x  ⎠
2
⎛ x ⎞
(3) – KQP (4) Zero
⎜ 2 3/2 ⎟
⎝ x  R  ⎠
2
Sol. Answer (1)

U  – pE

7. If a short dipole is placed at centre of ring so that p make 60° with axis of ring and perpendicular to plane
1
of ring, then force acting on dipole. (Charge on the ring = Q; K  )
40
p 60°
KPQ KPQ
(1) Would be (2) Would be greater than
2R 3 2R 3
KPQ
(3) Would be smaller than (4) Must be in direction of vector p.
2R 3
Sol. Answer (1)
dE
Fx  P cos 
dx
dE
Fy  P sin 
dy
Fnet > Fx
KPQ
Fnet >
2R 3
8. A non-conducting sheet of large surface area and a thickness L contains a uniform distribution of charge
throughout its volume. The charge density is . Find the electric field, at a plane A inside the sheet, at a
distance x from the central plane (x < L).
Sol. Let us consider a cylindrical Gaussian surface of length 2x and cross-sectional area A as shown in the figure.
From symmetry, we can say that electric field is same at two flat surfaces of cylinder and it is pointing outwards.
Total flux though the Gaussian surface,
E = E . 2A
Charge enclosed by Gaussian surface,
x x
Q = A . 2x .  


  E
–E    
Cylindrical Gaussian surface  

From Gauss theorem, A A
A.2 x.
E . 2A = Cylindrical Gaussian
0 L
surface
x
 E
0
9. A uniformly charged sphere, made up of non-conducting material and carrying charge Q, is placed near a
uniformly charged non-conducting rod, carrying charge q. The centre of the sphere lies on the perpendicular
bisector of the rod as shown in the figure. Calculate the force exerted by the sphere on the rod.
q
+
Q
++ ++
+
2a
+ + ++
a
+
Sol. Force on rod is equal and opposite to the force on sphere. For the rod, charged sphere will behave like a point
charge located at its centre.
q
 = charge per unit length =
2a
Elementary force (dF´) on sphere due to a small element of rod (dy) is, y
KQ(dy ) dy
dF´
(a 2  y 2 )
y
 dF Q 
Due to symmetry component of dF´ along y – axis will get cancelled out. a x
o
dF´ a
So, effective component,
KQady
dF = dF´ cos = 3
(a 2  y 2 ) 2
y  a
F KQady
Total force on sphere = F = ∫0 dF = ∫ ( a 2 3
 y2) 2
y  a 45°
Putting y = a tan 45°
dy = a sec2.d
y = a  = + 45° and y = –a  = – 45°
45
a sec 2 .d  KQ 1 Qq 1 Qq
sin   44 = 4 2a2 . 2. 2 = 4 2 a 2
 
 F = KQa ∫
 –45 a 3
sec 3

=
a 0 0


Electric Charges and Fields Chapter 1 Solutions

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Electric Charges and Fields Chapter 1 Solutions

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Chapter 1

Electric Charges and Fields

Sol. Answer (2)

Sol. Answer (1)

Sol. Answer (1) qa

p= (qa)2  (4qa)2  2(qa)(4qa) cos60

Sol. Answer (3)

Sol. Answer (4)

(1) Zero (2) 60 unit (3) 40 unit (4) 120 unit

Sol. Answer (4)

Sol. Answer (4)

During equilibrium in presence of electric field qE = mg

Putting the values, we obtain

Sphere 1 Sphere 2 Sphere 3

–2C 2C 10C 12C

Sol. Answer (1)

Sol. Answer (2, 3)

(1) E 2  E1 (2) E 2  2E1

Sol. Answer (3, 4)

(1) q1 (2) q2 (3) q3 (4) q4

(1) q1 (2) q2 (3) q3 (4) q4

surface. Here the correct statement is/are

(1) |Q1| > |Q2|

Sol. Answer (2, 4)

Sol. Answer (3)

Now, E1(r0 )  E2 (r0 )  E3 (r0 )

Only (3) is correct.

Sol. Answer (4)

(1) Both charges execute simple harmonic motion

(1) 0I2 = 0V2

(2) 0I = 0V

(4) 0cI = 0V

1. The advantage of ink-jet printing over standard impact printing is

(1) Its high-speed (2) Its low cost

(3) Simplicity of design (4) All of thesess

Sol. Answer (1)

2. Different ink-drops land on the paper following different paths, because

Sol. Answer (2)

(1) Opposite charges attract each other

(2) Path of a moving charge in uniform electric field is parabola

(3) When two charged drop combine, energy is released

(4) Electrostatic induction

Sol. Answer (2)

(1) Straight line

(2) Parabola whose axis is line joining the charges

(3) Circle of radius 8 cm

(4) Circle of radius 4 cm

Sol. Answer (3)

(30 – x)2 + y2 = 16x2 + 16y2

x2 + y2 – 60x – 16x2 – 6y2 + 900 = 0

15x2 + 15y2 + 60x – 900 = 0

Sol. Answer (4)

Sol. Answer (1)

e2r 2 e2R 3 e2r 3 e2R 3

Sol. Answer (1)

Sol. Answer (1)

Sol. Answer (2)

Sol. Answer (1)

Ldx Rdx R 2

1. The electric field at r = R is

2. For a = 0, the value of d (maximum value of  as shown in the figure) is

3Ze 3Ze 4Ze Ze