O3⁄4u odkh msKsihs mgqk

myka is;sú,s
iQúis .=K jkaokdj fmrjok
iQúis uyd .=Kh ye¢kaùu
odhl uõmshkaf.a wdYs3⁄4jdoh
iQúis .=K wksixih wmf.a jd3⁄4Isl O3⁄4u odkuh mskaluhs
m%d3⁄4:kd jdlH 13
fjila mqka mif<diajl fmdfydh fjkqfjka msxj;a ore msßi
is,a iudokaùu 15
j3⁄4Ihla mdid lrk O3⁄4u odkuh msxluls’
nqÿ.=Kh yd nqÿ.=K Ndjkdj 23
wryx .=Kh 29
iín odkx Oïu odkx ðkd;S
iïud iïnqoaO .=Kh 32
ish¿ odkhkaf.ka O3⁄4u odkh Èkhs
úÊcdprK iïmkak .=Kh 37
iq.; .=Kh 39
wkq.%yh
f,dalú¥ .=Kh 45
^ tu ore msßif.a uõmshka úiska&
wkq;a;r mqßiou_uidr:S .=Kh 47
i;a:d foajukqiaidkx.=Kh 51
iïmdol -#
nqoaO .=Kh 53
mQcH odiaj;af;a iqukiS, iajdñka jykafia
N.jd .=Kh 58
iajdlaLd; .=Kh 63
ikaÈÜÀl .=Kh 67
wld,sl .=Kh 69
fjila mqka fmdfydh ksñ;af;ks’
tysmiaisl .=Kh 73
´mkhsl .=Kh 76
O3⁄4u odkh
mÉp;a;x fõÈ;ífnda .=Kh 79
uyd ix> r;akfha .=Kh yd i>.=K
msxj;a ore msßila ^ uõmshkaf.a wkq.%yfhks&
Ndjkdj 82
iqmámkak .=Kh 84
Wcqmámkak .=Kh 87
[dhmámkak .=Kh 90
idñÑmámkak .=Kh 94
wdyqfKhH .=Kh 96
mdyqfKhH .=Kh 100
olaÅfKhH .=Kh 103
w[ac,slrKSh .=Kh 106
wkq;a;r mq[a[fL;a; .=Kh 108
f;rejka wdrCIl .d:d 113
 jQy’
myka is;sú,s
^Y%S l<HdKs fhda.dY%u ixia:d iuq;amdol ufydamdOH w;s.re ta fmryrghs wm;a fï fma<s ù isákafka’ fuh tlu t<sh
mQckSh rdclSh mKaä; wmj;a ù jod, lvjeoaÿfõ Y%S fmryrla fia úh hq;=h’ wfma isf;a t<sh fkdksjd /l.;a
ðkjxidNsOdk uyd iajdóka jykafiaf.a myka is;sú,s .%ka:h l,ays ta isf;a t<sfhka wfma ish¿ mej;=ï wdf,dalj;a fjhs’
weiqfrks& myka jefÜ ±,afjk tla myklska wfkla mykg .eyegla
ke;’tla mykl t<sh wfkla mykg tla ù nen<S .ekau myka
wry ^wryx& hkq nqÿ.=K fmf<a uq,au .=Kh hs’ ta mofha tl;=fõ iajrEmhhs’ wfma iiqka fmryf3⁄4 tl;=j;a funÿ úh
f;areu iqÿiq úu hkqhs’ nqÿrcdKka jykafia ish,a,gu iqÿiq jQ hq;=h’
fial’ iïud iïnqoaO” úÊcdprK iïmkak wd§ fiiq ish¨ nqÿ
.=Khkag iqÿiq njh’ fï uq,au .=K mofhka meyeÈ,ss jkafka
nqÿrcdKka jykafia iïud iïnqoaO .=Khg w3⁄4y ^iqÿiq& jQ fial’
úÊcdprK iïmkak .=Khg w3⁄4y iqÿiq jQ fial’ hk ms<sfj<ska
ish¨ .=K mohka yd w3⁄4y moh fhdod n,kak’ .Dyhl leKs
u`v, fuka ish¨ nqÿ .=Khka w3⁄4y mofhys ke.S mj;akd ieá
jegfykjd we;’

Wka jykafiaf.a w3⁄4y nj jevqfKa mdró N+ñfha mgkah’

fmreï mqrkjdh lshkafka nqÿ is; ilia lsÍuh’ nqÿ nfõ jev
lrf.k hduhs’ tys w;rla ke;’ nqÿ .ufkys fhfok W;=ud
tys idlÉPdldÍ fjhs’ W;=re lgqj W;=rg keó.kakdla fuka
fndai;a is; ksr;=re keù mj;skafka nqÿ nj i|ydh’ f,dalhd
ÿlajk y`vk je<fmk úm;a lror mjd Wka jykafia mdró
njg m;a lr.;a ieá isys lrkak’ fuhska W.; hq;= mdvï kï
n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk yeu fohlau mdid uQ,slj imqrd ,sh hq;=
jev fldgila we;s nj;a” tajd uekúka iïmQ3⁄4K lsÍfukau
wfmaCIs; w3⁄4:hg w3⁄4y iqÿiq jk nj;a h’
w{dk ixYh úmß;.%dyh hk lreKq j,ska isf;a jefvk
w÷r ksid we;sjk wk3⁄4: mrïmrdj b;d ìysiqKqh’ fkd±kSu
ielh hk folgu jvd kmqrg îch jkafka úmß; .%dyh hhs
lshk ,o hul we;s ;;= we;s ieáfhka fkdj fjk;a f,ilska
je/È f,ilska is;d .ekSuh’ zzñÉPd ÈáÀ mrudks jÊcdksZZ
hk nqÿ jokska ñiosgqfjda jrojd .ekSfuys w;sNSCIK;dj
jgyd .; yelsh’ wÿre f,djg t,shla o,ajd,Suh” nqÿrcdKka
jykafia isÿfldg jod< uyd lreKd fiajh ta nqÿ t<sfhka
Ôú;h t<shlr.;a nqÿiõfjdao ta lreKd fmryrg wkqhd;

fmrjok
zztjx nqoaOx irk;dkx - Oïux ix>[p NsCLfjda
Nhxjd cuNs;F;x jd - f,duyxfid k fyii;sZZ
^Oc.a. iQ;%h&
zznqÿ .=K” oyï.=K” iÕ .=K fufia ks;r Ndjkd jYfhka
isyslrkakd jQ uyfKks f;dmg Nhla fyda ;e;s .ekaula fyda
f,duq veye .ekSula fyda fkdjkafkauhZZ hkq .d:dfõ ir,
woyih’
nqÿ .=K wkka;h” i|yï .=K wkka;h” uy iÕ .=K
wkka;h” nqoaO Ou_u ix> hk r;k;%fha wkka; .=K
iïNdrh iïmsKavkh jk fia i3⁄4j{hka jykafia úiskau
.d:d mdG ;=klska foaYkd lrk ,oafoa fjhs’ iQúis uyd .=Kh
kñka ye¢kajkqfha tu .d:d mdG ;=fkys we;=<;a jQ wkka;
.=K iïNdrhhs’ b;sms fid .d:d mdGfhys nqÿ .=K kjhls’
iajdlaLdf;da .d:d mdGfhys i|yï .=K ihls’ iqmámfkkd
.d:d mdGfhys uy i`. .=K mo kjhls’ fufia jQ iQúis uyd
.=Kfhys r;ak;%h i;= wjldYh fiaa wkka; .=K iïNdrh
ix.%y ù we;’
iu i;<sia iu: Ndjkd w;frka nqoaOdkqiai;s - Oï_udkqiai;s
- ix>dkqiai;s kï jQ wkqiai;s Ndjkd l3⁄4uia:dk jvkq msKsi
iQúis uyd .=Kh ufydamldÍ fõ’ iúia;r jYfhkao” ixfCIam
jYfhkao fï wkqiai;s ;=k jeäfuka kSjrK hgm;a ù
Wmpdr iudêhg;a tuÕska fiiq w3⁄4mKd l3⁄4uia:dk Ndjkd;a
jvd Ñ;a; idudêh Yla;su;a fldg úo3⁄4Ykd Ndjkdj jvd
wkqms<sfj<ska ud3⁄4. M, ks3⁄4jdKdjfndaOh f;la wê.uhka
idCId;a lr .; yels fõ’
fï W;=ï O3⁄4u odkuh l=i,dksixih wmj;a ù jod< Y%S l<HdKs
fhda.dY%u ixia:d iuq;amdol m%Odk wkqYdil ufydamdOHdh
rdclSh mKaä; lvjeoa¥fõ Y%S ðkjxidNsOdk uyd iajdóka
jykafiaf.a f;jia .=KdkqiaurKh isysm;a lrñka isÿ lrk
O3⁄4u odkuh W;=ï msfkka w;s mQckSh mKaä; udysñmdKka
jykafiag W;=ï nqÿ nj w;am;a fõjd!
È.= l,la ;siafia iu: - úoY_kd Ndjkd WmfoaYlhka m%.=K
lrjk jHla; m%;sn, Ndjkd WmfoaYlhka jykafia kula jk
mQcH odiaj;af;a iqukiS, iajdñka jykafia úiska iïmdÈ; fuu
iQúis uyd .=K Ndjkd oyï fmd; fndfydafokd yg Ndjkd
wNsjDoaêh msKsi taldka;fhka fya;= fõjd’ mQcH odia j;af;a
iqukiS, iajdóka jykafiag r;ak;%hdkqNdj n,fhka ksÿla
ksfrda.S iqjm;a Ndjfhka úxY;a Y;j3⁄4Idêl ld,hla §3⁄4>dhq
Y%S iïm;a w;afõjd’
fuu O3⁄4u odkuh l=i,h i|yd Okh” Y%uh jeh l< mskaj;a
ore msßig;a” fuu W;=ï l=i,hg orejka fhduq l< msxj;a
fouõmshkag;a tu mjq,a j, ¥ ore ys; ñ;% ish¿ fokdg;a
fuu O3⁄4u .%ka:h mßYS,kh lrk ieu fokdg;a uqøK lghq;=
l< ieu fokdg;a iqQúis f;rejka n,fhka ish¿ iuHla m%3⁄4:kd
uqÿka m;a ú fof,dj ch f.k me;+ fndaê {dkhkaf.ka w.%
wud uy ksjka iqjh wjfndaO fõjd’
zziífí iF;d Njk;= iqÅF;;dZZ
fuhg
fu;e;s”
kdWhfka wßhOuu i:úr’
kdWhk wrKH fiakdikh
yeÈkaùu
Y%Su;a iïud iïnqoaO Ydikhl ;sfnk W;=ïu .=Kh
;kqrejkaf.a iQúis uyd .=Khhs’ iïud iïnqoaO Ydik ld,h
;=< muKla úoHudk jk W;=ï .=Khls fuh f,dalfha l,am
fldaá .Kklska my< fjk W;=ï jia;=jls’ ksh; újrK
,nd .;a fndai;dKkajykafia,d jQjo” m%{dfjka wêlkï
idrdixLH l,am ,CIhla o” Y%oaOdj wêl kï wgd ixLH
l,am ,CIhlao” ù3⁄4h wêlkï” fidf<did ixLH l,am
,CIhla jeks w;s §3⁄4> ld,hlska f,dalfha fndai;dKkajykafia
kula f,djq;=rd nqÿ moúhg m;a ùfuka wk;=rejhs ;=Kqrejka
f,dalhg m;ajkafka’ ksh; újrK ,nkakg by; w;s §3⁄4>
ld,hla wksh; jYfhkau mdrñ oï msßh hq;=h’ tjeks ld,
mßÉfþohla .ek is;k úg ld,h .ek wmg iSud l<
fkdyelsh’
il, f,dal jdiSkaf.a iQúis .=K oekqug jvd uy;a jQ iQúis .=K
oekqula tla fidajdka mqoa.,fhl=g we;ehso fidajdka mqoa.,hska
oyilg jvd tl ilDod.dó mqoa.,fhl=g oekqu we;ehso”
ilDod.dó mqoa.,hka oyilg jeä oekqula wkd.dó tla
mqoa.,fhl=g we;ehso” wkd.dó oyila fokdg jvd wry;a
mqoa.,hdg oekqula we;a;dy’ idudkH ry;ka jykafiaf.a
.=Khg jvd wiQ uy ry;=ka jykafia,df.a .=Kh jeäh’ wiQ uy
ry;=ka jykafia w;=ßka ldYHm” wkqreoaO” uyd lÉpdhk”
uyd fldÜÀ; ta uy ry;=ka jykafia,d w;sf3⁄4l oekqulska
hqla;h’ Bg jvd oekqula wiQ uyd Y%djlhka jykafia,dgo”
Bg jvd oekqula mfia nqÿ rcqka flfkl=go” Bg jvd ilaj,
mqrd isjqre fldk .Efjk fia isgf.k iQúis .=K isys lrk
wjia:djla fõo Bg jvd f,dõ;=rd nqÿrcdKka jykafia,df.a
iQúis .=K {dk uy;ah’ iQúis .=K {dkhla tl nqÿrcdKka
jykafia flfkl=g we;ehso olajd we;’ tfukau nqÿrcdKka
jykafia,d úiska foaYkd lrk ,o Y%S ioaO3⁄4u r;akh iir
.ufka§ i;a;ajhka iißka tf;r lrjkak Wmldr jk kejla
yd iudkh’ thg wkqhd; m%;sm;a;sfha fhokakd jQ f.!rj l<
hq;= m%;sm;a;s ud3⁄4.fha fhfokakd jQ Y%djlhkaf.a W;=ï .=K
i,ld wm yeu fokdg;a fï W;=ï iQúis .=Kh ;=<ska W;=ï
ksjka iqjh wjfndaO lr .ekSug yels fõjdhs m;uq’ fï iQúis
uyd .=KdkqNdj n,h isysm;a lrñka isÿ lr.;a O3⁄4u odkuh
l=i,dkqNdj n,fhka wmj;a ù jod< ue,a,., fhda.dY%udêm;s
w;s f.!rjkSh úo3⁄4YKdpdH_h wiauvf,a Y%S r;kmd,dNsOdk
uyd iajdóka jykafiag w;s W;=ï ksjka iqjh msKsiu Wmldr
fõjd!’
fuu W;=ï l=i,h wmj;a ù jod< Y%S l<HdKs fhda.dY%u ixia:d
m%Odk l3⁄4uia:dkdpd3⁄4h m%Odk wkqYdil w;s f.!rjkSh
ufydamdOHdh rdclSh mKaä; ud;r Y%S {dkdrdudNsOdk uyd
iajdóka jykafiag w;s W;=ï ksjka iqjhu wjfndaO fõjd!’
iïnqoaO Ydikfhys m%;sm;a;s O3⁄4uh k.d isgqùu i|yd Ôú;
mß;Hd.fhka Ydik fufyh wv ish jirlg jeä ld,hla
Y%S l<HdKs fhda.dY%u ixia:dj wdrïN fldg mj;ajdf.k .sh’
w;s f.!rjkSh m%Odk wkqYdil rdclsh mKaä; lvjeoaÿj Y%S
ðkjxidNsOdk uyd iajdóka jykafiag O3⁄4u odkuh mskalfuka
w;am;a jQ W;=ï l=i, n,fhka iir iqjfiau mdró O3⁄4uhka
iïmQ3⁄4K fldg f,dõ;=re nqÿ nj msKsiu Wmldr fõjd`’
wmj;a ù jod< ue,a,., fhda.dY%udêm;s w;s.re mQckSh
mkak, Y%S iquk iajdñka jykafiag fï l=i,a n,fhka W;=ï
ksjka wjfndaOh msKsi Wmldr fõjd`’
w;s.re mQcksh wmj;a ù jod, kd:.fKa wrKH fiakdikdêm;s
fhda.dY%u uyd ix> iNdfõ iNdm;s .egudkafka Y%S
úu,jxidNsOdk uyd iajdóka jykafiag w;s W;=ï ksjka iqjh
wjfndaO fõjd`’
fuu W;=ï l=i,h idik NdrOdÍj isg wmj;a ù jod, ish¿u
iajdñka jykafia,dg W;=ï ksjkaiqjh wjfndaO ùu msKsiu
Wmldr fõjd!’
`Y%S l<HdKs fhda.udY%u ixia:d ldrl ix> iNdfõ iNdm;s
wmj;a ù jod, w;s.re mQckSh ñkqjka.uqfõ kd.s;dNsOdk
uyd iajdóka jykafia m;k fndaêhlska ksjka iqjh wjfndaO
fõjd!’
Y%S l<HdKs fhda.dY%udêm;s m%Odk wkqYdil m%Odk
l3⁄4uia:dkdpd3⁄4h ;%smsgldpdH_h w;s.re mQcksh kdWhfka
wßhOuudNsOdk uyd iajdñka jykafiag fuu W;=ï jQ l=i,aa
n,fhka iqjfiau mdrñ iïmQ3⁄4K lrñka Ydik wNsj3⁄4Okh
i|yd lghq;= lsßug Yla;sh” n,h” ffO3⁄4h ú3⁄4hh
wdYs3⁄4jdoh ,efíjd’ ksÿla ksfrda.S Ndjh Ñr Ôjkh ,efíjd!’
me;=ï uqÿka m;a ù w;s W;=ï nqÿ nj ,efíjd!
kd:.k wrKH fiakdikdêm;s w;s.re mQckSh yejekame,eiafia
pJøjxidNsOdk uyd iajdóka jykafiag ksÿla ksfrda.S Ndjfhka
Ydik fiajdjka iïmQ3⁄4K lr .ekSug Yla;sh ,efíjd`’ me;=ï
mßÈ W;=ï jQ ksjka iqjh ,efíjd!
Ydik NdrOdÍj iiqka ms<sfj;a mqrk ish¨u uyd ix> r;akhg
iiqka fl; wdrCId lrf.k mdrñ Yla;sh uqÿka m;a ù ksjka
iqjhu ,efíjd!
fuu W;=ï O3⁄4u odkuh l=i,h j3⁄4Ihla mdid fjila Èkh
fjkqfjka isÿ lrk msxj;a orejkaf.a ðú; jgd meñK
we;s ish¿ wm, Wmøj” .%y fodai” i;=re lror ndOl
msvd u. yef3⁄4jd! wixjr” lïue,s .;s mej;=ï ÿre fõjd!
ldhsl ksfrda.S iqjh udkisl ksfrda.S iqjh ,efíjd! t<U isá
isys kqjKska ;ekg iqÿiq kqjKska ixjrj uõmsh .=rejr
jeäysáhkag wjk;j i;a mqreI .=K kqjKska Wiia wOHdmk
lghq;= Èfkka Èk ÈhqKq fõjd`’ wkd.; fi!Nd.H Wod fõjd!’
ijp lSlre ksy;udkS i;amqreI l<.=K i;aldr lrkakg
yels fõjd`’ ksÿla ksfrda.sj §3⁄4>dhqI ,efíjd`’
odhl uõmshkaf.a wdYs3⁄4jdoh
ÿis,aj;aj wjqreÿ ishhla Ôj;a ùug jvd is,aj;aj tla Èkla
.; lrk Ôú;h w.kd nj ;sf,da.=re nqÿrcdKka jykafia
foaYkd l< fial’ W;=ï is,d§ .=Kfhka mßmQ3⁄4K jQ ÿ3⁄4,N
l,HdK ñ;% W;=uka jykafia kula jQ ksjka uÕ fidhñka hk
msßig YS, iudê” wdñi” m%;sm;a;s” iu:” úmiaikd wd§
Ydiksl .=Khkaf.ka imsreK Ôú; ,nd .ekSug Wmldr l<d
jQ wm ieu ksjka uÕg fhduq l<d jq wmj;a ù jod< fndaêi;aj
.=fKdafma; w;s mQckSh l3⁄4uia:dkdpd3⁄4h odiaj;af;a iquKiS,
iajdóka jykafia wjika jrg ixialrKh lrk ,o fuu fmd;
uqøKh lsÍu flfrys Wkajykafia ±ä lemùulska lghq;=
l< nj f.!rjfhka isysm;a lruq’ ^fuu fmd; Wkajykafia
úiska wmyg ilia lr ÿka wdldrhgu uqøKh lsÍug lghq;=
flrefjuq’&
kka foiska .,d wd oyï msmdis; fhda.djprhka yg isis,a
Èh oyrla f,iska w3⁄4:fhka O3⁄4ufhka wkqYdikd lrk ,o
wdñi m%;sm;a;s mQcdjka i`oyd u`. fmkajñka” Wmfoia foñka
iïnqoaO” Ydikfha wNsjDoaêh i`oyd lem jQ Ôú; mQcdfjka
lghq;= l< w;s.re cQcksh odiaj;af;a iqukiS, iajdóka
jykafiag fuu W;=ï O3⁄4u odkuh l=i,h f,djq;=rd nqÿnj
,nd .ekSu msKsi Wmldr fõjd` ixidrfha ießirk ;dla l,a
Wkajykafiag §3⁄4>dhqI msKsi u fï l=i,h fya;= fõjd`
fuu O3⁄4u odkuh l=i,h Y%S l<HdKs fhda.dY%u ixia:d m%Odk
wkqYdil wmj;a ù jod< w;s.re mQckSh rdclSh mKaä;
ud;r Y%S {dkrdu uyd iajdóka jykafiag ksjka iqj msKsiu
Wmldr fõjd!
Y%S l<HdKs fhda.dY%u ixia:d iuq;amdol fndaêi;aj .=fKdafma;
wmj;a ù jod< w;s.re mQcksh rdclSh mKaä; lvjeoaÿfõ
Y%S ðkjxYdNsOdk uyd iajdóka jykafiag iqjfiau mdró mqrd
f,djq;=rd nqÿnj msKsiu fï l=i,h fya;= fõjd`’
Y%S l<HdKs fhda.dY%u ixia:d m%Odk wkqYdil
fndaêi;aj.=fKdafma; w;s.re mQckSh uyd l3⁄4uia:dkdpd3⁄4h
kdWhfka wßhOïu ud ysñmdKka jykafiag iqjfia mdró mqrd
W;=ï nqÿnj msKsiu fya;= fõjd`’ wjidkfha W;=ï nqÿnju
,efíjd`’
.re iqukiS, iajdóka jykafia f.a mrf,da iem;a mshdKka
jykafiag;a fY%aIaG .=Kfhka hq;= mqf;l= ìys l< Ôj;aj isák
ohdnr uEKshkag;a” ifydaor ifydaoßhka msßi g;a w;s W;=ï
ksjka iqjh u ,efíjd`’
wm ieuf.a kñka ñh mrf,dj .sh ish¿ u {d;sjrekag fuu
mska wkqfudaoka fõjd`’
fuu fmd; uqøKh lrjd O3⁄4u odkuh jYfhka msßkeóug
lghq;= l< wm ieu fokdg;a’wmf.a iQÔj;a j isák uõmsh
¥ ore ifydaor ifydaoßhka ieugu” uqkqmqre ñKsmsß ieu
fokdgu” {d;s ys; ñ;%d§kago” fuh lshjk ieufokdgu;a”
iqjfia iS,” iudê m%{d .=K mqrdf.k W;=ï ksjka iqjfhka
iekiSug fya;= fõjd`’
uqøK lghq;= uekúka iïmQ3⁄4K l< Èuq;= uqøKd,fha tÉ’ tï’
tÉ’ nKavdr uy;aud we;=¿ ieu fokdg;a ksjka iqjh w;a
fõjd`’
fuhg
mska leu;s
Ndjkd fhda.S msßi
wmf.a jd3⁄4Isl O3⁄4u odkuh msxluhs’
odkhka w;r O3⁄4u odkh b;d W;=ï fõ’ ^m%{d wdf,dalh
,nkakg fya;= fjkjd’&
01’ fuu W;=ï l=i,a n,fhka wm yeu fokdgu iemfhka”
i;=áka úfkdaofhka” isysfhka kqjKska ixjrfhka wOHdmkh
b;d Wiia f,i imqrd,kakg jdikdj Wod fõjdæ
02’ wmg b;d wdorfhka ore fifkyiska wmj yod fmdaIKh
lr .kakd jQ ohdnr uõmsh fofokdg iqjp” lSlrej” hgy;a
my;aj Ôj;a fjkakg ,efíjdæ
03’ wmg m%{df,dalfhka Ôú; wdf,dalj;a lrk ukdj Ys,am
W.kajk .=re W;=ukag iqjpj” lSlrej” ksy;udkSj .=re is;
fkdßojd b;dfyd¢ka bf.k .kakg ,efíjdæ’
04’ wmf.a ifydaor” ifydaoßhka iu. yd {d;s ys;ñ;%d§ka
iu.” wi,ajdiSka iu. iu.sfhka iduodkfhka ðj;afjkak
,efíjdæ
05’ wmg wkd.;fhys rg ±h fjkqfjka wd.u fjkqfjka
iudch ;=< Ôj;afjkak ,efíjdæ
06’ wmg t<U isá isys kqjKska Wiia wOHdmk lghq;= lr
.kakg ,efíjdæ
07’ wmf.a wkd.; Ôú; jdikdjka; lr .ekSug”
;=Kqrejkaf.a wdYs3⁄4jdoh” uõmsh .=rejrekaf.a wdYs3⁄4jdoh”
{d;s ys; ñ;%d§kaf.a wdYs3⁄4jdoh ,efíjd’æ
08’ wmg wkd.;fhys” ±yeñ .=K.rel Ôú;hla ,ndf.k
rg ±h fjkqfjka fiajhfldg wjidkfha ksjk wjfndaO lr
.kakg ,efíjdæ
 vii ksh; ñ:Hd oDIaÀh
m%d3⁄4:kd jdlH viii wnqoafOda;amdo ld,h’

wjir iajdóka jykai m<uqjo” fojkqj o” ;=kafjkqjo 05 m[apúO wka;rdh’

nqoaOr;akhg” Oïu r;akhg” ix> r;akhg uõmsh .=re
W;=uka jykafia,dg ldh oajdrfhka” jdla oajdrfhka” ufkda
oajdrfhka oajdr;%fhka fodfyd;a uqÿfka ;nd wdorfhka
f.!rjfhka Nla;sfhka” fm%aufhka Ñ;a; m%idofhka
ksy;udksj je`o kuialdr lrñ’ kuialdr fõjd!
1 l3⁄4uwka;rd- m[apdkka;ßh l3⁄4uh’
2’ laf,aYdka;rdh - ksh; ñiÈgqnj ^ ñ:Hd oDIaÀh&
3’ úmdldka;rd - wfya;=l” oaú fya;=l m%;sikaêh’
4’ Wmjdodka;rd - nqoaOd§ wd3⁄4hhka jykafia,dg .erySu’
5’ wdkdñ;sl%ukdka;rd - is,amo ì`o .ekSu

fufia wdorfhka f.!rjfhka” Nla;sfhka” fm%aufhka”

É;a;mam%idofhka ksy;udksj je`o kuialdr lsÍfï l=i,
fÉ;kdfõ wdkqNdjfhka iir ießirk ;=rd krldÈ
i;r wmdfhd;am;a;sfhkao” ;%súO i;aj úkdYfhkao
wIaGÿIaGCIKfhkao” m[apúO wka;rdfhkao i`oygu
w;ñfoïjd’ iajdñks wka;su wd;au NdjfhaÈ ud3⁄4. M, ks3⁄4jdK
O3⁄4uh iqjfiau wjfndaO fõjd!

m%d3⁄4:kd jdlHfha .eg¿ ;eka’

01’ fuys fm%aufhka hkak’ ysff;IS nj kï jQ ffu;%sh nj o;

hq;=hs’
02’ i;r wmdh - krlh” ;sßika wmdh” fm%a; wmdh” wiqr
wmdh’
03’ ;%súO i;aj úkdYh - ukqIH f,dalfhys mrudhqI oi j3⁄4Ih
jk ld,fhys§ isÿfjk i;a; úkdY ;==khs’ ^ÿ3⁄4NsCIfhka”
wdhqOfhka” frda.fhka&

04 wIaGÿIaGlaIKh

i tlish i;sila jQ ^136& krlh

ii ;sßika wmdh’
iii fma; yd wiqr wmdh
iv wrEm ;,h yd wi[a[;,h’
v msgilaj,’ is,a iudoka ùu
vi bJøsh úl, Ndjh’ ^ w`o” f.d¿” ìysß& ^is,a iudoka jk úg ;uka iudoka jk iS,fha ku lshkak&
´ldi wyxNkaf; ;sirfKk ioaêx m[ap iS,x ^wðj wÜGul
iS,x& ^Wfmdai: wÜGx. iS,x& Ou_ux ^.yÜG oi iS,x& hdpdñ
wkq.a.yx l;ajd is,x fo: fï Nkaf;’
ÿ;shïms -wyx Nkaf;a ;sirfKak ioaêx ^m[ap iS,x& ^
wdÔj wÜGul is,x& ^Wfmdai: wÜGx. iS,x& ^.yÜG oi
iS,x& Oïux hdpdñ wkq.a.yx l;ajd iS,x fo: fï Nkaf;’
;;shïms -wyxNkaf;a ;sirfKak ioaêx m[ap iS,x ^
wdÔj wÜGul is,x& ^Wfmdai: wÜGx. iS,x& ^.yÜG
oi iS,x& Oïux hdpdñ wkq.a.yx l;ajd iS,x fo: fï
Nkaf;a’wkqlïmx Wmdodh’
f;areu -—wjir iajdóka jykai˜ uu fï ;sirK iys;
^wdÔj wÜGul is, O3⁄4uh b,a,d isáñ’ Wfmdai: wÜGdx.iS,
O3⁄4uh b,a,d isáñ’ .yÜG oi iS, O3⁄4uh b,a,d isáñ’ & ug
wkq.%y fldg iS,h fok fialajd`
Nd.Hj;a jQ w3⁄4y;a jQ iïud iïnqÿrcdKka jykafiag udf.a
kuialdrh fõjd`
Nd.Hj;a jQ w3⁄4y;a jQ iïud iïnqÿrcdKka jykafiag udf.a
kuialdrh fõjd`
nqoaOx irKx .ÉPdñ
ksjka iqjh ú§u msKsi nqoaO r;akh irK hñ’
Oïux irKx .ÉPdñ’
ksjka iqjh ú§u msKsi Oïu r;akh irK hñ’
ix>x irKx .ÉPdñ
ksjka iqjh ú§u msKsi ix> r;akh irK hñ’
ÿ;shïms nqoaOx irKx .ÉPdñ
ksjka iqjh ú§u msKsi fojkqjo nqoaOr;akh irK hñ’

wjir iajdóks - fojkqjo” ;=kafjkqjo” ug wkqlïmd Wmojd ÿ;shïms Oïux irKx .ÉPdñ
iS,h fok fialajd` ksjka iqjh ú§u msKsi fojkqjo Oïur;akh irK hñ’

foaYl - huyx jodó ;x jfo: ÿ;shïms ix>x irKx .ÉPdñ’

uu hula lshkafka kï th lshkq uekú’ ksjka iqjh ú§u msKsi fojkqjo ix>r;akh irK hñ’

Y%djl - wdu Nkaf;’ ;;shïms nqoaOx irKx .ÉPdñ

tfiah iajdóka jykai’ ksjka iqjh ú£u msKsi f;jkqjo nqoaOr;akh irKhñ’

kuialdrh#- ;;shïms Oïux irKx .ÉPdñ’

kfuda ;iai N.jf;d wryf;d iïud iïnqoOii ksjka iqjh ú§u msKsi f;jkqjo Oïur;akh irK hñ’
kfuda ;iai N.jf;d wryf;d iïud iïnqoOii
kfuda ;iai N.jf;d wryf;d iïud iïnqoOii ;;shïms ix>x irKx .ÉPdñ
ksjka iqjh ú£u msKsi f;jkqjo ix>r;akh irK hñ’
f;areu
Nd.Hj;a jQ w3⁄4y;a jQ iïud iïnqÿrcdKka jykafiag u d f . a foaYl # irKd .ukx iïmqKaKx
kuialdrh fõjd` irKd .ukh iïmQ3⁄4Kh
Y%djl #wdu Nkaf;
 tfiah iajdóka jykai`
01’ mdKd;smd;d fõruKS islaLdmox iudÈhdñ’
m%dK>d;fhka fyj;a i;=ka ueÍfuka je<lSfï
YsCId moh iudoka fjñ’
02’ wÈkakdodkd fõruKS islaLdmox iudÈhdó’
wÈkakdodkfhka fyj;a wkqka i;= Tjqka leue;af;ka
fkdÿka foh fidr is;ska .ekSfuka je<lSfï
YsCIdmoh iudoka fjñss’
03’ ldfïiq ñÉPdpdrd fõruKS islaLdmox iudÈhdó’
ldfïiqñÉPdpdrfhka fyj;a lduhkays jrojd
yeisÍfuka je<lSfï YsCIdmoh iudoka fjñ’
04’ uqidjdod fõruKS islaLd mox iudÈhdó’
uqidjdofhka fyj;a ±k ±k fndre lSfuka
je<lSfï YsCIdmoh iudoka fjñ’
05’ iqrdfïrh uÊcmud oÜGdkd fõruKS islaLd mox
iudÈhdó’
iqrd mdkfhka fyj;a m%udohg fya;=jk u;a øjHh
mdkh lsÍfuka je<lSfï YsCIdmoh iudoka fjñ’
06’ msiqkdjdpd fõruKS islaLd mox iudÈhdó’
msiqkd jdpfhka fyj;a fla,ï lSfuka je<lSfï
YsCId moh iudoka fjñ’
07’ mreIdjdpd fõruKS islaLdmox iudÈhdó’
mreI jpkfhka fyj;a kmqre jpk lSfuka
je<lSfï YsCIdmoh iudoka fjñ’
08’ iïMmam,dmd fõruKS islaLdmox iudÈhdó’
iïMmam,dmfhka fyj;a ysia jpk lSfuka je<lSfï
YsCIdmoh iudoka fjñ’
09’ ñÉPd wdÔjd fõruKS islaLdmox iudÈhdñ’
ñ:Hd wdÔjfhka fyj;a wO3⁄4u Ôúldfjka je<lSfï
YsCIdmoh iudokafjñ
foaYl #
;sirfKak ioaêx ^wdÔj wÜGul iS,x& ^Wfmdi: wÜGdxÕ
iS,x& ^.yÜG oi iS,x& Oïux idOqlx iqrCÅ;x l;ajd’
wmamudfok iïmdfo;ínx’
;sirK iys; ^wÔj wIaGul iS, O3⁄4uh& ^Wfmdi: wÜGdx.
iS, O3⁄4uh& ^ .yÜG oi iS, O3⁄4uh& ukdj iqrCIs; fldg isys
kqjKska ÈhqKq l< uekú’
Y%djl
wdu Nkaf;
Y%djl ms<s.ekSu tfiah” iajdóka jykai`
kfuda f;a mqßidc[a[ - kfuda f; mqßiq;a;u
kfuda f; mqrid;=,H - kfuda f; mqßidiN
f;areu’
iwdc[a[ mqßi jQ nqÿrcdKka jykai Tn jykafiag udf.a
kuialdrh fõjd`
iiW;a;u mqßi jQ nqÿrcdKka jykai Tn jykafiag udf.a
kuialdrh fõjd`
iiiwiu mqßi jQ nqÿrcdKka jykai Tn jykafiag u d f . a
kuialdrh fõjd`
ivfY%aIaG mqßi jQ nqÿrcdKka jykai Tn jykafiag udf.a
kuialdrh fõjd`
;=kqrejka irK hdfï jeo.;a lu’
;=kqrejka hkq nqoaO” Oïu” ix> hk ;%súO r;akhs’ muK Oïu r;akh hkq#
l< fkdyels jákdlula we;s ksid rejka hk kduh jHjydrhs’ nqÿrcdKka jykafia úiska jodrK ,o kj f,daflda;a;r Y%s
tfiau i;a;ajhkag iir ÿflka ñ§ug msysg jk neúka irK ioaO3⁄4u r;akh ksjka olskakg we;s ud3⁄4.h iy ksjk;a hk
hk neúka fuu rejka ;=ku ;sirK hkqfjka i|yka fõ’ fï folu O3⁄4uh kï fõ’ tu O3⁄4uh irKhs” msysghs’
nqoaO kï nqÿrcdKkajyfiah’ ixidr .ufka iir Nh ÿgqjd
jQ W;=uka jykafia,d iir ÿla w;aú¢k f,dai;=ka flfrys ix> r;akh hkq#
lreKdfjka ;ud w;g m;a ish¨ iem w;ayer oud iirg ksjka ud3⁄4.fha f.dia ksjka iem ,enQ W;=ï jQ msßi iy ksjka
jeo uy ÿla úÈñka f,dj i;aj O3⁄4uhka wjfndaO lrf.k uÕ ms<smÈk msßi wd3⁄4h uyd ix>r;akh kï fõ’ th irKhs
iir ÿlska ñ§ f,dajeis i;ajhdg;a i;H wjfndaO lrkq msKsi msysghs’
ÿflka ñÈug u. fmkajQ W;a;uhka jykafia nqoaOkï fõ’
tu W;a;uhka jykafia f,djg fmkajd jod< ksjka ud3⁄4.h fufia irKd.ukh i;r wdldr fõ’
wd3⁄4h wIaGdx.sl ud3⁄4.h iy thska ,nk ks3⁄4jdK wjfndaOhka
hk fï fol O3⁄4uh kï fõ’ tjeks ud3⁄4.hl .uka.;a ksjk i ;;amrdhK;d irKd.ukh’
wjfndaO lr.;a W;=ï msßi ^meúÈ msßi& wd3⁄4h ix> kï fõ’ ii YsIHNdfjdm.uK irKd.ukh’
iii m%KSmd; irKd.ukh’
5 iv wd;au ikaks3⁄4hd;K irKd.ukh’

irKd.ukh hkq irKhs” msysghs” hkqfjks’ f,dj iir ÿflka

ñ§u msKsi irKhs” msysghs hkqfjks’ úfYaIfhka nqoaO” Ou_u”
ix> hk r;ak;%h Wfoid ;udf.a isf;a we;s msysgh’ ;udg
msysg hehs .ekSu irKd.ukhhs’ msysghehs is;d fiajkh lsÍu
fyda ta nj ±kSu irKd.ukhhs’
;;amrdhK irKd.ukh#’
uu nqÿka” oyï” iÕ=ka irK hñ’ ug msysg jYfhka
fiajkh lrñhs lshd flfkla irK hhso” th ;;amrdhK;d
irKd.ukhhs’

nqoaO r;akh hkq# YsIHNdfjdm.uK irKd.ukh #

ixidrfhys wmuK ÿla .eyeg úÈk f,da jeis i;a;ajhka
flfrys lreKdfjka w;g m;a ksjka iem; yer oud iirg
nei wm jekakka flfrys wmuK ÿla ú¢ñka iir fndfyda
ld,hla .=K oyï mqqrd oi mdró oyï iu;skai;a wdldrfhka
iïmQ3⁄4K lrñka f,dj ish¨ O3⁄4uhka ;;ajQ mßoafokau i;H
i;rg kxjñka ;uka jykafiaf.au kqjKska wjfndaO fldg
f,dal i;ajhdg iir ÿflka tf;r ùug uÕ fmkajQ f,dalfha
fY%aIaG;u W;a;uhdfKda f,dõ;=rd nqÿrcdKka jykafiah’
wmg Wkajykafiaf.a irKhs” msysghs’
ug iir ÿflka ñ§ug u. fmkajk .=rejrhd lshd f;rejka
flfrys Y%djlfhla fjñ’ YSIHfhla fjñ’ lshd irK hhso ta
YsIHNdfjdm.uK irKd.ukhhs’
m%Ksmd; irKd.ukh’
W;=ï jQ nqoaOr;akhg” Oïur;akhg” ix>r;akhg udf.a
kuialdrh fõjd” lshd kuialdr lsÍfuka irK hdu m%Ksmd;
irKd.ukhhs’
wd;au ikaks3⁄4hd;K irKd.ukh #
ms<sfj;a /lSfuys fhÿK flfkla nqoaO” Oïu” ix> r;akh
Wfoid ;u Ôú;h mß;Hd. lrñka irK hhso” ta wd;au
ikaks3⁄4hd;K irKd.ukhhs’
by; lS irKd.uk i;r wdldrfhka f,!lsl irKd.ukhg
wh;a fõ’ ksjka wjfndaO fkdl< whf.a irKd.ukh f,!lsl
irKd.ukhhs’ ms<sfj;a uÕ .uka lrñka {dkh ÈhqKq lr
ksjka wjfndaO lr W;a;u wd3⁄4h .=Khg meñKs whf.a
irKd.ukh f,daflda;a;r irKd.ukhhs’
irKd.ukh msysg fkdjk wdldrh #
hfula kEoElula i<ldf.k je£ï wdÈh lsßfuka irKla
msysgla ke; jxY mrïmrd jYfhka fyda rEm fYdaNdj wd§
hula i<ldf.k jekafod;a fyda rcqkaf.ka fyda foúhkaf.ka
yd kEoEys;ñ;=rkaf.ka ysßyer lror fjkjdg ìfhka je÷ï
ms÷ï lrkakdg msysgla fkdjkafkah’
irKd.ukh ìÈ hdu #
irKd.ukfhka lsisfia;a f,daflda;a;r irKd.ukh ì¢
hkafka ke;’ f,!lsl irKd.ukh ì£ hd yel’ ;=kqrejka flf3⁄4
we;s weoys,a, ke;sù hdfuka irKd.ukh ì§ hkafkah’
iir ÿflka ñ§ug kï ;kqrejkaf.a msysfgka fkdjkafka hhs
i<ld wkH flfkl=f.a msysg fidhd hdfuka irKd.ukh
jerÈ f,i ì§ hEuhs ^ ì£ hkafkah&
f,!lsl mqoa.,hdf.a urKfha§ iajNdjfhka irKd.ukh ì£
hkafkah’ ;=kqrejkaf.a weoySug le<,la ùu irKd.ukh
ls,sá ùug fya;= jkafkah’ ;=kqrejka flfrys iel lsÍu”
;=kqrejkaf.a .=K fkd±kSu” ;=kqrejkag wf.!rj lsÍu
wdÈfhka irKd.ukh ls,sá jkafkah’
irKd.ukfhys wdksixi #
i3⁄4j{ Ydikhg we;=¨ùfï fodrgqj irKd .ukhhs’ f,!lsl
irKd.ukfhys wksixih kï i;r wmdhg fkdmeñK ÈjH
ukqIH foflys iem iïm;a ú£uhs’ Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia úiskau
fufia foaYkd l< fial’
fhflÑ nqoaOx irKx .;dfia
kf;a .ïiik;s wmdhx
mydh udkqix foyx
foj ldhx mßmqfriik;s
~~hï flfkla nqÿrcdKka jykafia irK fldg .shdyq o”
Tjqyq wmdhg fkdhkafkdah’ irKdksixi fya;= fldgf.k fï
ñksia lh yer foõ f,djg hkakdyqh’~~
;=kqrejka irK .sh i;a;ajfhda foõ f,dj Wmkakdyqh’
;=kqrejka irK fkdf.dia wjfYaI mskalï fldg foõ f,dj
Wmka foúhkag jvd iïm;a oyhlska wêm;sj iem iïm;a
,n;s’ ÈjHuh whqI” ÈjHuh YÍr” j3⁄4Kh” ÈjHuh iem”
ÈjHuh hii” ÈjHuh wêm;s nj iy ÈjHuh jQ rEm” Yío”
.kaO” ri” iam3⁄4I” hk lreKq j,ska foúhka mrojd ch
.ks;a” oyï irK yd iÕ irK fol ms<sn|j;a fuf,iuhs’
iir ÿflka tf;r ùfï woyiska ksjka w;g is; fhduq lrñka
;=kqrejka irK hk mqoa.,hd fidajdka wd§ ud3⁄4.M,j,g
meñK f,daflda;a;r irKd.ukhg m;a jkafkah’
iir ÿflka tf;r ùu i|yd ;=kqrejka wdY%h lr .kakd”
;=kqrejka msysg lr .kakd mqoa.,hdh’ nqÿrcdKka jykafia
Ydia;Djrhd yeáhg i<lk mqoa.,hdh hk w3⁄4:hhs’ ;sirKh
iys; mxp YS,h rlsk mqoa.,hd fn!oaOhd hkqfjka Wmdil
hkqfjka y÷kajhs’
 nqÿ .=Kh iy nqÿ .=K Ndjkdj'
tl Ofuud ysCLfj Ndúf;d nyq,slf;d tlk; ksnìÞh"
tlk; úrd.dh" ksfrdaOdh" Wmiudh" wNs[[dh" ifundOdh
ksíndkdh ixj;;;s l;fud tl Ofuud nqoaOdkqii;s whx
fLd yslaLfõ tl Ofuud Ndúf;d nyq,slf;da tlk; ksníodh
tlk; úrd.dh" ksfrdaOdh" Wmiudh wNs[[dh ixj;;;s
ifundOdh ksíndkdh'
uyfKks æ tlu O3⁄4uhla Ndjkdjla jYfhka jvk ,oafoa fndfyda
fldg jvk ,oafoa l, lsßu msKsi" ksùu ixis§u msKsi yd;a
miska ±lSu msKsi" wjfndaOh" kqjK msKsi mj;So" ljr kï tlu
O3⁄4uhlao nqoaOdkqiai;shhs' fiiq O3⁄4u wjfndaOhhs' fuh ksjka
wjfndaOh msKsi Wmldr fõ'
nqfoOdms nqoOii NfKhH jKKx
lmmxms fp w[[ uydiudfKd
ìfh: lfmmd ùr oS>uk;fr
jfKKd kîfh: ;:d.;ii
zznqÿrcdKka jykafia nqÿ jqKq Èk mgka wksla fohla fkdfldg
Èjd ? foflys fkdkj;ajdu wdhq l,amhla uq¿,af,au
nqÿrcdKka jykafiaf.au nqÿ.=K j3⁄4Kdj lrkafka kï wdhq
l,amh f.ù hhs' nqÿ .=K lshd wjika lsrSug fkdyels fõ'ZZ
f,dalfhys nqÿrcdKka jykafia kula my<ùu b;du;au
ÿ3⁄4,Nh' fndaêi;aj ixl,amkdj is;g .;a {dkjka;
i;a mqreIfhda w;s §3⁄4> ld,hla fndai;a is; mqreÿ
lrñka meñfKkafka uyd iïm;a;sh mqreÿ lrñkah tkï"
wNsksndrfha§ iïmQ3⁄4K úh hq;= lreKq" W;=ñ ñksia Njh"
,sx. iïm;a;sh ry;a ùug fya;=jh' Ydia;D o3⁄4Ykh"
wêldrh n,j;a Pkaoh ^leue;a;& iïmQ3⁄4K lrñka meñK
nqÿrcdKka jykafia kulf.ka ksh; újrK ,ndf.k t;eka
mgka idrd ixLH l,am ,CIhla fyda wgdixLH l,am ,CIhla
fyda fid<id ixLH l,am ,CIhla fyda fndaê ldrl O3⁄4uhka
iïmQ3⁄4K l< hq;=h' fï ;rï ld,hla mdró mqrd f,dõ;=rd
23
nqÿ nj ,nkafka nqÿ nj m;d mdró oï mqrk fndai;dKka
jykafia,df.a ika;dkfhys ksh;skau wd.u Y%oaOdj mj;sk ksid
nqÿ.=K Ndjkdj b;d fyd¢ka meyeÈ,sj mj;S' nqÿ.=K foaYkd
l< hq;= wh w;r;a" nqÿ.=K weiQ wh w;r;a" nqÿ.=K .ehQ wh
w;r;a" nqÿ.=K ±rE wh w;r;a f,dõ;=rd nqÿrcdKkajykafia
u fY%aIaGhs" W;a;uhs" w.%hs" mfia nqÿ uyry;ka jykafia,do
b;d W;=ïh' ksrka;rfhkau nqÿ.=K isyslrk fhda.shdg nqÿnj
,nkakg is; fhduq fjhs' fkdwkqudkh' nqÿnj wkd.;fhys
,eîug isák who wksjd3⁄4hfhkau nqÿ.=K Ndjkdj isÿ l<
hq;=uh'
uy fndai;dKka jykafia,d f.a ika;dkfhys nqÿ.=K
msysgk wdldrh wkqj wm uy fndai;dKka jykafiaf.a
ika;dkfhys nqÿ .=K msysáfha l,am úis wixLHhlg
u;af;kah' tkï" ufkdam%ksOdkh wdrïNfha§h' t;eka mgka
w;s §3⁄4> ld,hla nqÿ.=K Ndjkdfõ wdksixih ú¢ñka mdró
mqrd.;a wdldrh iEu flfkl=gu b;du;a wdo3⁄4Yj;ah'b;du;a
úis;=reh' ta id §3⁄4> ld,hla we;=<; f,dalfhys my< jQKq
^512027& mka,CI fodf<diaoyia úisy;a kulf.a rEm
ú,dih ish fk;ska ±l Wkajykafia,df.a nqÿ.=K ;;=fia
kqjKska ±kf.k ta W;=uka jykafia,df.a wjjdofhka "
wkqYdikdfjka" WmfoaYfhka" wdo3⁄4Yfhka Wkajykafia,dgu
wkql+,j" wkqrEmj" wkqhd;j" wkqnoaOj" nqÿ.=Khgu t,an
isá isysfhka nqoaO ldrl O3⁄4uhka iïmq3⁄4K lsÍu jYfhka
nqÿ.=K Ndjkdj iïmQ3⁄4K l< fial' .=Kj;a jQ is,aj;a jQ
whgu msysgk W;=ï .=Khls' idudkH flfkla isyslrk
nqÿ.=Khg jvd is,aj;aj .=Kj;aj isyslrk .=Kh b;d
uy;ah' il, f,!lsl ckhdf.a nqÿ.=K ±kqug jvd tl
fidajdka mqoa.,fhl=g we;af;ah' fidajdka mqoa.,hka oyilg
we;s nqÿ.=K ±kqug jvd nqÿ.=K ±kSula tl ilDod.dó
mqoa.,fhl=g we;af;ah' ilDod.dñ mqoa.,hka oyilg jvd
nqÿ.=K ±kqula tl wkd.dó mqoa.,fhl=g we;af;ah' wkd.dó
mqoa.,hka oyilg jvd nqÿ.=K ±kqula tl idudkH ry;ka
jykafia kulg we;af;ah' wiQ uy Y%jlhka jykafia,df.ka
ldYHm" wkqreoaO" uydlÉpdhk iajdñka jykafia,dg w;sf3⁄4l
±kqula we;af;ah' w.iõ fofokd jykafiag Bg;a jvd
24
 nqÿ .=Kh iy nqÿ .=K Ndjkdj'
tl Ofuud ysCLfj Ndúf;d nyq,slf;d tlk; ksnìÞh"
tlk; úrd.dh" ksfrdaOdh" Wmiudh" wNs[[dh" ifundOdh
ksíndkdh ixj;;;s l;fud tl Ofuud nqoaOdkqii;s whx
fLd yslaLfõ tl Ofuud Ndúf;d nyq,slf;da tlk; ksníodh
tlk; úrd.dh" ksfrdaOdh" Wmiudh wNs[[dh ixj;;;s
ifundOdh ksíndkdh'
uyfKks æ tlu O3⁄4uhla Ndjkdjla jYfhka jvk ,oafoa fndfyda
fldg jvk ,oafoa l, lsßu msKsi" ksùu ixis§u msKsi yd;a
miska ±lSu msKsi" wjfndaOh" kqjK msKsi mj;So" ljr kï tlu
O3⁄4uhlao nqoaOdkqiai;shhs' fiiq O3⁄4u wjfndaOhhs' fuh ksjka
wjfndaOh msKsi Wmldr fõ'
nqfoOdms nqoOii NfKhH jKKx
lmmxms fp w[[ uydiudfKd
ìfh: lfmmd ùr oS>uk;fr
jfKKd kîfh: ;:d.;ii
zznqÿrcdKka jykafia nqÿ jqKq Èk mgka wksla fohla fkdfldg
Èjd ? foflys fkdkj;ajdu wdhq l,amhla uq¿,af,au
nqÿrcdKka jykafiaf.au nqÿ.=K j3⁄4Kdj lrkafka kï wdhq
l,amh f.ù hhs' nqÿ .=K lshd wjika lsrSug fkdyels fõ'ZZ
f,dalfhys nqÿrcdKka jykafia kula my<ùu b;du;au
ÿ3⁄4,Nh' fndaêi;aj ixl,amkdj is;g .;a {dkjka;
i;a mqreIfhda w;s §3⁄4> ld,hla fndai;a is; mqreÿ
lrñka meñfKkafka uyd iïm;a;sh mqreÿ lrñkah tkï"
wNsksndrfha§ iïmQ3⁄4K úh hq;= lreKq" W;=ñ ñksia Njh"
,sx. iïm;a;sh ry;a ùug fya;=jh' Ydia;D o3⁄4Ykh"
wêldrh n,j;a Pkaoh ^leue;a;& iïmQ3⁄4K lrñka meñK
nqÿrcdKka jykafia kulf.ka ksh; újrK ,ndf.k t;eka
mgka idrd ixLH l,am ,CIhla fyda wgdixLH l,am ,CIhla
fyda fid<id ixLH l,am ,CIhla fyda fndaê ldrl O3⁄4uhka
iïmQ3⁄4K l< hq;=h' fï ;rï ld,hla mdró mqrd f,dõ;=rd
25
nqÿ nj ,nkafka nqÿ nj m;d mdró oï mqrk fndai;dKka
jykafia,df.a ika;dkfhys ksh;skau wd.u Y%oaOdj mj;sk ksid
nqÿ.=K Ndjkdj b;d fyd¢ka meyeÈ,sj mj;S' nqÿ.=K foaYkd
l< hq;= wh w;r;a" nqÿ.=K weiQ wh w;r;a" nqÿ.=K .ehQ wh
w;r;a" nqÿ.=K ±rE wh w;r;a f,dõ;=rd nqÿrcdKkajykafia
u fY%aIaGhs" W;a;uhs" w.%hs" mfia nqÿ uyry;ka jykafia,do
b;d W;=ïh' ksrka;rfhkau nqÿ.=K isyslrk fhda.shdg nqÿnj
,nkakg is; fhduq fjhs' fkdwkqudkh' nqÿnj wkd.;fhys
,eîug isák who wksjd3⁄4hfhkau nqÿ.=K Ndjkdj isÿ l<
hq;=uh'
uy fndai;dKka jykafia,d f.a ika;dkfhys nqÿ.=K
msysgk wdldrh wkqj wm uy fndai;dKka jykafiaf.a
ika;dkfhys nqÿ .=K msysáfha l,am úis wixLHhlg
u;af;kah' tkï" ufkdam%ksOdkh wdrïNfha§h' t;eka mgka
w;s §3⁄4> ld,hla nqÿ.=K Ndjkdfõ wdksixih ú¢ñka mdró
mqrd.;a wdldrh iEu flfkl=gu b;du;a wdo3⁄4Yj;ah'b;du;a
úis;=reh' ta id §3⁄4> ld,hla we;=<; f,dalfhys my< jQKq
^512027& mka,CI fodf<diaoyia úisy;a kulf.a rEm
ú,dih ish fk;ska ±l Wkajykafia,df.a nqÿ.=K ;;=fia
kqjKska ±kf.k ta W;=uka jykafia,df.a wjjdofhka "
wkqYdikdfjka" WmfoaYfhka" wdo3⁄4Yfhka Wkajykafia,dgu
wkql+,j" wkqrEmj" wkqhd;j" wkqnoaOj" nqÿ.=Khgu t,an
isá isysfhka nqoaO ldrl O3⁄4uhka iïmq3⁄4K lsÍu jYfhka
nqÿ.=K Ndjkdj iïmQ3⁄4K l< fial' .=Kj;a jQ is,aj;a jQ
whgu msysgk W;=ï .=Khls' idudkH flfkla isyslrk
nqÿ.=Khg jvd is,aj;aj .=Kj;aj isyslrk .=Kh b;d
uy;ah' il, f,!lsl ckhdf.a nqÿ.=K ±kqug jvd tl
fidajdka mqoa.,fhl=g we;af;ah' fidajdka mqoa.,hka oyilg
we;s nqÿ.=K ±kqug jvd nqÿ.=K ±kSula tl ilDod.dó
mqoa.,fhl=g we;af;ah' ilDod.dñ mqoa.,hka oyilg jvd
nqÿ.=K ±kqula tl wkd.dó mqoa.,fhl=g we;af;ah' wkd.dó
mqoa.,hka oyilg jvd nqÿ.=K ±kqula tl idudkH ry;ka
jykafia kulg we;af;ah' wiQ uy Y%jlhka jykafia,df.ka
ldYHm" wkqreoaO" uydlÉpdhk iajdñka jykafia,dg w;sf3⁄4l
±kqula we;af;ah' w.iõ fofokd jykafiag Bg;a jvd
26
nqÿ.=K ±kqula we;af;ah' ta W;=uka jykafia,d w;ßka Bg;a
jvd nqÿ.=K ±kqula oïfifkú ießhq;a uy ry;ka jykafiag
we;af;ah'
nqÿrcdKka jykafia tla iuhl kd,kaodfõ
mdjdßl wU jkfhys jev jdih lrk fial' ta iufhys
kqjKe;s Y%djlhka w;r w.;ekam;a jq oïfifkú idßmq;a;"
uyry;ka jykafia tu wUjkfhysu M, iudm;a;shg
iuje§ bka ke.S isg ;uka jykafiaf.au .=Kh isyslrkakg
mgka .;a fial' ;uka jykafiaf.au iS, .=Kfhka mgkaf.k
wkqms<sfj<ska iudê" m%{d" úuqla;s" úuqla;s {dk oiaik m%:u
OHdk iudm;a;sfha mgka fojeks ;=kajeks" i;rjeks iudm;a;s
j,g iuje§ wkqms<sj<ska wrEm iudm;a;s j,g iuje§
úmiaikd {dk" mqífíksjdi {dk" ÈÄLplaLq" fida;dm;a;s
wd§ i;r M, iudm;a;s {dk" p;=máiïNsod {dk
iys;j idjl mdrñ;d {dkh my<ùfuka wfkduoiaiS
nqÿrcdKka jykafiaf.a mdo uQ,fhys mgka tldixLH l,am
,CIhlska u;af;ys isg ta fudfydf;a jev isá wdikh olajd
mqk mqkd kej; kej; isys lrkakg mgka .;af;ah' túg
;uka jykafiaf.au .=Kh fuf;lehs m%udK l< fkdyels nj
;uka jykafiagu jegfykakg úh'
;uka jykafiaf.a .=Kh m%ldY l< fkdyels kï"
uu hï Ydia;Djrfhla Wfoid meúÈjQfhah" ta wmßñ;
.=KialkaOhla we;s uf.a Ydia;Dka jykafiaf.a .=Kh
fln÷±hs oi n,OdÍ ij_{hka jykafiaf.a .=KialkaOh
isys lsÍug mgka .;ay' tu .=K kd kd m%ldrfhka fno
fnod fufkys l< fial' nqÿ.=Kh wkka;h" nqÿrcdKka
jykafiaf.a iS,h" iudêh" m%{dj" úuqla;sh úuqla;s {dk
o3⁄4Ykh" i;r i;smÜGdk" i;r iDoaêmdo" i;r iuHla
m%Odk ù3⁄4h" m[ap bkaøsh" m[ap n," i;r M," i;r
máiïNsod" IÜ widOdrK [dK" oin, [dk" pqoaoi
nqoaO.=K [dK" fidf<dia uyd [dK wáGdri nqoaO {dk
iQúis fldaájdr" iudm;a;s wry;a M," jðr [dK" wkka;
Kh iukakd.;' iuka; mÜGdk m%lrK úIhka;3⁄4.;
.ïNsr {dk wd§ wfkal úO {dkhkao" .=Khkao isyslsÍug
mgka .;afial' f,dalfhys ysud, m3⁄4j;fhka .,d niakd uyd
27
.x.djg bÈlgq u,la fhduq l< l,ays bÈlgq uf,ka hk
c,h b;d iaj,amh' uyd .x.dfõ .,d niskd c,h fndfyda
jkakdy' uy fmdf,dfjka ksh msgg .;a mia ál yd iudkhhs
uu isys l< nqÿ .=Khhs idßmq;a; uy ry;ka jykafiag
jegyqKdy' nqÿ.=K wk;a; wm%udKhehs ;SrKh fldg jodf<a
;uka jykfiaf.a kqjKska ±l jod< ksihs' ^fuys jeä úia;r
§> ksldfha iïmidokSh iQ;%h yd ix.s;s iQ;%h jeks iQ;% iy
tu wgqjd n,d f;areï .kak&
nqÿ.=K Ndjkdfjys wksixi'
l=i,a wl=i,a kdkdúsO wruqKq j, úisreKq is; iudêu;a
ùu nqÿ.=K Ndjkdfõ buy;au wdksixihhs lsh hq;=
jkafkauh' nqÿ.=K isys lrkakd jQ Ndjkd fhda.shdg nqÿrcdKka
jykafia flfrys wm%udK f.!rjh" Nla;sh" weoySu" úYajdih
we;sfõ' Y%oaOdfjka" isysfhka" m%{dfjka buy;a úmq,;ajhg
m;a fõ' m%S;s m%fudaofhka hqla; fõ' l=vd uy;a ÿla bjikafkla
njg m;afõ' uu nqÿrcdKka jykafia iuÕ jdih lrkafkñhehs
yeÕSfuka nqÿ .=Kfhka nr Ôú;hla njg m;a fõ' nqÿ.=Kfhka
yo is; mskd .sh nqÿ.=K ksoka jq Tyqf.a yoj; nqÿ ueÿrla
fuka msÈh hq;= jkafkah' Tyqf.a is; nqÿ nj ,eîug is;a we;s
jkafkah' mdmhg is; fkdkefukafkah' mdm is;sú,a,la
is;g we;s jQ ú.iu nqÿrcdKka jykafia <Õ isák fia
fmfkkakdla fuka mjg ,eÊcdj Nh WmÈkafkah' mdmfhka is;
j,lskafkah' ta jdf.au hïlsis kd." hCI" N+;" msidp wuqkqIH
Wmøjhkaf.ka iïmQ3⁄4Kfhkau ñfokafkah' ta whf.ka ish¨
/ljrK ,efnkafkah' Tn hï flfkfl=f.ka fyda fndfyda
fokdf.a wj{djg" kskaodjg wjudkhg" wmydihg" ms<sl=<g
B3⁄4IHdjg wdÈhg m;a ù we;s kï thska ñfokakg kï nqÿ.=K
ksrka;rfhka isys lrkak' Tng kskao fkdhkafka kï kmqre
isysk fmfkkafka kï isysfkka Nh fjkafka kï" wou nqÿ .=K
isys lrkak' nqÿ .=K Ndjkdfõ fhfokak'
zziqmm nqoaOx mnqc®k;s - iod f.d;u idjld
fhix Èjd p rf;;dj - ksÉpx nqoO.;d i;sZZ
hï flfkl=kag Èjd ? foflys
28 ks;r nqÿ.=K wruqKq fldg
Wmka isysh weoao ta nqoaO Y%djlfhda ieuod iqjfia ksod ukdj
mqnqÈ;a' hkq .d:dfõ f;areuhs'
fï .d:d O3⁄4uh ìïìidr uyrc;=udf.a m%Yakhg ms<s;=re
jYfhka foaYkd lr jod< .d:djls' fï ksid iïnqoaO
Ydikfhka udkisl iqjhla ,nkakg n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk
ish¨ fokdu nqÿ.=K isyslrñka idiksl W;=ï .=Khka isf;a
ordf.k ish is;ska nqÿ mfianqÿ uyry;ka jykafia,d fk;a
folska ±l ish oE;ska Wmia:dk lrñka mdró mqrdf.k wkd.;
jdikd Yla;sh we;s lr ksjka wjfndaO lr .; hq;=h' tu
ksid wmg;a wkd.;fha§ jdikdjla Wodfõjdhs m;ñka mdró
O3⁄4uhka iïmQ3⁄4K lrf.k fuf,dj ÈhqKqj msKsi;a mrf,dj
iq.;sh msKsi;a wjidkfhys fof,dj chf.k W;=ï jQ
ksjkaiqjh wjfndaO lr .ekSu msKsi ish¿ fokdgu fuu
u. Wmldr fõjd'
nqÿ.=K Ndjkdfõ wksixi'
1' i;r wmdhg m;a fkdùu'
2' msg ilaj< fkdbmÈu'
3' w`o" f.d¿" ìysß wd§ wNjH fkdùu'
4' ukao nqoaêl Wïu;a;l fkdúu'
5' ñiÈgq fkd.ekSu'
6' mdmhg ,eÊcd Nh we;s ùu'
7' .%y fodaI" wm, Wmøj ÿre ù l=i, úmdl u;=ùu'
8' ji" úi" wú" whqO c, .sks wdÈfhka je<lSu'
9 ' N+; msidp" fm%a; wd§kaf.a úm;a;s je<lSu'
10' Nh" ;e;s.ekSï" f,duq veye .ekaùï wdÈh isÿ fkdùu'
11' fldäúk" nkaOk" weiajy" lgjy wd§ úm;a;s ÿreùu'
12' urKhg ks3⁄4Nhj uqyqK §u'
13' i;sh kqjK t<U isàu'
14' OdrK Yla;sh yd wjfndaO lr .ekSfï oCI;dj we;sùu'
15' .=K kqjkska úidro ùu'
16' uqyqfKa j3⁄4Kh we;súu'
17' f,dalhdg m%sh ùu'
18' fndfydaa fldg isjqmi ,eîu'
19 foúhkaf.a /ljrKh ,eîu'
29
20' wka whf.a lreKdjg ffu;%shg md;% ùu'
21' iqjfiau ie;mSu" iqjfiau wjÈ ùu'
22' kmqre isysk fkdfmkSu'
23' iïud ÈáÀfha msysàu'
24' nqÿ .=K jvkakdg ukdj is; iudê ùu'
25' nqÿ.=K jvkakd yg fï Ôú;fhys§ uÕ M, fkd,enqfkd;a
iq.;s iem ,eîu'
26' nqÿ.=K jvkakd i;HjdÈfhla fjhs'
27' nqÿ.=K jvkakd ks;r fidaukiai is;ska hq;=j jdih lrhs'
28 nqÿ.=K jvkakd g iif3⁄4§ nqÿjre yuqfjhs'
29' ;ud flfrys iEu flfkl=f.au is; kefuhs'
30' nqÿnj me;Sug is; kefuhs'
31' ;u y|j; nqÿueÿrla fjhs'
32' ksy;udkS mej;=ï yd .;s.=K ÈhqKq fjhs'
33' m%N+jrekaf.a f.!rjhg ie<ls,a,g Ndckh fjhs'
34' ;ukaf.a is;=ï me;=ï bgq fjhs'
35' wêl=i,hg is; kefuhs'
36' ;ukaf.a fhdackd" woyia wka wh tl fy,du ms<s.kS'
fujeks woyia imqrd .ekSug ish,af,dau nqÿ.=K jv;ajdæ
idOq æ idOqææ idOqæææ
wryx .=Kh' ^idrdxY w3⁄4:h&
1 iajdóks Nd.Hj;=ka jykaiæ Tn jykafia jdikd iys;
30
 f,daN" oafõY" fuday" udk ÈÜÀ"Ók" WoaOÉp
úÑlsÉPd' wysßl wfkd;a;mam wd§ il, laf,aYhka
flfrka ÿre jQ fyhska wry;a kï jk fial'
2' iajdóks" Nd.Hj;=ka jykaiæ Tn jykafia fidajdka
ilDod.dó wkd.dó w3⁄4y;a u. M, wdÈfhka rd.dÈ
flf,ia i;=rka keiQ fyhskao wry;a kï jk fial'
3' iajdóks Nd.Hj;=ka jykaiæ Tn jykafia máÉp
iuqmamdo w`v. fod<y ixidr pl%hdf.a wúoHd wd§
flf,ia wr kej; kQmokd f,i iso¨ fyhskao wry;a
kï jk fial'
4' iajdóks Nd.Hj;=ka jykaiæ Tn jykafia ish¨
mQckSh;ajfhka wdñi m%;sm;a;s mQcdjkag iqÿiq jQ
fyhskao wry;a kï jk fial'
5' iajdóks Nd.Hj;=ka jykaiæ Tn jykafia ñ:Hd wdYh"
wkqYh ish¨ flf,ia j,ska ñÿk fyhska ryila mjla
ke;s w;s mdßY=oaO ika:dk we;s fyhskao" wry;a kï
jk fial'
wryx .=Kh'
1' iajdóks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai" Tn jykafia jdikd iys;
il, laf,aYhka flfrka ÿrejQ fyhskao" ish¨ wruqKq
flfrys wef,k ish¨ wruqKq flfrys .efgk ish¨
wruqK flrys uq,dfjk" iajNdj ke;s fyhskao"
i;a;ajhdf.a Wia my;a uksk iajNdjhla ke;s
fyhskao" wi;H foa i;HNdjfhka uksk iajNdjh
je/È f,i .ekSula ke;s fyhskao" i;H foa i;H
f,igu .;af;ah' nqoaOdÈ wg ;ekays ielhla
ke;af;ah' ^nqoaO" Oïu" ix> r;ak;%h flfrys
o fuf,dj flfryso" mrf,dj flfryso" fuf,dj
mrf,dj flfryso fya;=M, islaLd mo ms,sn| ielh&
isf;a miq ;eùula" is;sú,s j, miqneiSula" isf;a
31
fkdikaiqka njla" mdmhg ,eÊcd Nh ke;s lu hk fï
oi úO Wm laf,aYfhda Nd.Hj;=ka jykafiag ke;af;ah'
;uka jykafiaf.a ika;dkfhys my< fkdjkafkauh'
tfia fyhska o" wry;a kï jk fial'
2' iajdóks Nd.Hj;=ka jykaiz Tn jykafia flf,ia
i;=rka keiQ fyhskao" i;r u. keKska flf<ia i;=rka
keiQ fyhskao" fidajdka ud3⁄4.fhka ilaldh ÈÜÀ"
úÑlsÉPd" is,ín; mrdudi" ixfhdack keiQ fial'
ilDod.dó ud3⁄4.fhka ldurd. má>" ;=kS l< fial'
wkd.dó ud3⁄4.fhka ldurd. má> iïmQ3⁄4Kfhka ÿre
l< fial w3⁄4y;a ud3⁄4.fhka rEmrd." wrEmrd."
udk WoaoÉp" wúÊcd WoaOxNd.sh ixfhdack O3⁄4u
iïmQ3⁄4Kfhka ÿre l< fial'tfia fyhska ish¨ flf,ia
i;=rka kid ish¨ mQckSh;ajhg iqÿiq jk fyhskao"
wry;a kï jk fial'
3' ziajdóks Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia Tnjykafia máÉp
iuqmamdoh iïmq3⁄4Kfhka ÿre l< fial' laf,aY"
jÜg lu_u jÜg" úmdl jÜg" wúÊcd" ixLdr"
ú[a[dK" kdurEm" i<dh;k" Miai" fõokd" ;Kayd"
Wmdodk" Nj cd;s" crd urK mÜÉp iuqmamdo w`v.hka
iïmQ3⁄4Kfhkau ÿre l< fial' ^ wr is|Æ fial& tfia
fyhskao' wry;a kï jk fial'
4' ziajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykaiZ Tn jykafia wdñi
mqcd" m%;sm;a;s mQcd" isjqmi mQcd" Öjr msKavmd;"
fiakdik" .s,kami" m%;sm;a;s mQcd iS," OHdk" OQ;x."
iu:úmiaikd m%;sm;a;s mQcdjkag iqÿiq jQ fial' tfia
fyhskao" wry;a kï jk fial'
5' ziajdóks Nd.Hj;=ka jykaiZ Tn jykafia jdikd iys;
ish¿ wdYh" wkqYh O3⁄4u iïmQ3⁄4Kfhka u m%ySK l<
fial' ^ryiskaj;a mjla ke;s fyhskao& tfia fyhskao
wry;a kï jk fial'
wryx .=Kfhys wdksixih'
32

wryx .=Kfhys idudkH w3⁄4:h iqÿiq ;eke;a;d
hkqfjks' ;:d.; Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia uq¿ f,dal Od;=j ;=<
oCIsKdjla ms<s.ekSug iqÿiqh' oCIsKdj hkq wkd.;fhys
f,!lsl jQo" f,daflda;a;r jQo" Wiia M, n,dfmdfrd;a;=fjka
ie±ye;shka úiska isjqmi jYfhka mQcd lrk m%;Hh fõ'
tu oCIsKdj uy;a M, f.k §u nqÿrcdKka jykafiag
muKla fkdj uyd ix>r;akhg;a we;af;ah' il< flf<ia
m%ydKh fldg mdßY=oaO;ajg meñKs nqÿ mfia nqÿ" uyry;ka
jykafia,d b;du;au iqÿiqh' ry;a Ndjhg m;a fkdjQ is,aj;a
.=Kj;a l<HdK ñ;%hka jykafia,d b;du;au iqÿiqh' ^ is,aj;a"
.=Kj;a" Wmdil" Wmdisld msßio we;=<;ah' tfia kuq;a tu
fok odkh oCIsKdjla jYfhka jHjydr fkdflfrkq ,efí'&
th tfia kuq;a msßisÿ ika;dkfha flf,ia my jQ ;rughs
Wiia mdßY=oaêh jq ;rughs wksixih uy;a M, jkafka hehs
ie<lsh hq;=h'
fõ,du iQ;%fhka fuh b;du;au meyeÈ,sj ±k
.; yelsh' fmr ,xldfõ NsCIQkajykaafia,d yeg kula
kd.§mh jkaokdjg f.dia jkaokd fldg miq Èk .ï fodr§
kd.d kï ia;%shla ÿka msKavmd;h mqcd fldg odkh mQcd l<
wdldrh ±kaúh' iajdóka jykafia,d fmrjre ld,fha§u ry;a
njg m;aù odkh je<¥y' mqKaK ÿ.shd isgq njg m;a jQfha
oCIsKdfõ n,fhks' wkakNdr ÿ.Shdf.a oCIsKdj;a uy;a
M, lsßfï n,h WmßÜG kï mfia nqÿrcdKka jykafiaf.a
W;=ï oCIsfKH .=Kh ksihs' nqÿ nj m;k fndai;dKka
jykafia,d uy oka § nqÿrcdKka jykafia,d yuqfõ§u
m%d3⁄4:kd lsÍu nqÿ nj ,eîug WmksY%h jYfhkau WmldÍ
fõ" Wm;siai" flda,s; fofokdf.a m%d3⁄4:kdj fuka" msmaM,S
udkjl Nødlms,dks hk whf.a m%d3⁄4:kdjkao fuu wryx
.=Kfha W;=ï n,fhkau isÿ úh' ;:d.;hka jykafia wryx
.=K n,fhka Wmka wjia:dfõ§ mgka foúhka" n%yauhka"
ukqIHhka f.ka ksishdldrju mQcd i;aldr ,enQy' wjqreÿ
45 la ;rï ld,hla Ôjudkj mQcd ,nd mßks3⁄4jdKfhka
miqj;a fï olajdu mqcd i;aldr tl fiau meje;afõ' fuh
33
wry;a .=Kfha n,fhks' fuu w3⁄4y;a .=Kfhka iukakd.;
iïud iïnqÿrcdKka jykafia g uu kuialdr lrñ' udf.a
kuialdrh fõjdæ
idOqæ idOqææ idOqæææ
iïud iïnqoaO .=Kh ^idrdxY w3⁄4:h&
iajdóks" Nd.Hj;=ka jykai Tn jykafia úYsIag
[dKfhka o; hq;= jQ i;H O3⁄4uhka úYsIag [dKfhka
wjfndaO l< fyhskao iïud iïnqoaO kï jk fial'
iajdóks" Nd.Hj;=ka jykaiæ Tn jykafia ms<siso
wjfndaO l< hq;= ÿlaL i;H ms<sis| wjfndaO l<
fyhska o" iïud iïnqoaO kï jk fial'
iajdóks" Nd.Hj;=ka jykaiæ Tn jykafia m%ydKh
l< hq;= jQ iuqoh i;H m%ydKh l< fyhskao"
iïud iïnqoaO kï jk fial'
iajdóks" Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia m%;HCI l<
hq;= jq ksfrdaO i;Hh m%;HCI l< fyhskao"iïud
iïnqoaO kï jk fial'
iajdóks" Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia Ndjkd jYfhka
jeäh hq;= jQ ud3⁄4. i;Hh Ndjkd jYfhka jevQ
fyhskao" iïud iïnqoaO kï jk fial'
iajdóks" Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia ixLdr" úldr
,CLK" m[a[;s" ksíndk kï jQ m[apúO f[hH
uKav,h mfrdmfoaY rys;j ijhxN= [dKfhka
i3⁄4jm%ldrfhka wjfndaO l< fyhskao iïud iïnqoaO
kï jk fial'
iïud iïnqoaO .=Kh'
01 iajdóks" Nd.Hj;=ka jyka
34i æ Tn jykafia úYsIag
 {dkfhka wjfndaO l< O3⁄4u tkï ialkaO 05 wdh;k
w;S;" wkd.;" j3⁄4;udk ld,fhys l=i,dl=i, l3⁄4uhkaf.a
12 Od;= 18" bkaøsh 22" wd3⁄4H i;H 4 mÜÉp iuqmamdo
úmdlh ;;ajdldrfhka okakd kqjK ;:d.;hka jykafiaf.a
12 iQúis m%;H 24 wjfndaO l< fial' tfia fyhska
fojk ;:d.; n,hhs'
iïud iïnqoaO kï jk fial'

02 iajdóks" Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia o; hq;= O3⁄4uh

3' iínF: .dñKs mámod [d=Kh'
jYfhka cd;s" crd" urK" fYdal" mßfoaj" ÿlaL
^ish¨ m%;smod okakd kqjK&
fodaukiai" Wmdhdi" wm%sh iïm%fhda." msh úmamfhda.'
;:d.; Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia i;a;ajhka iq.;shg" ÿ.;shg
iy is;+foa bgq fkdùu" m[ap Wmdodk" ialkaO ÿl
hk ud3⁄4.hka okakd kqjK w3⁄4y;ajhg muqKqjkakd jq ms<sfj;a
wjfndaO lr .ekSu' ^wjfndaO l< fial& tfia fyhskao
uÕ okakd kqjK ish¨ m%;smod iy.; kqjK we;s fyhskao
iïud iïnqoaO kï jk fial'
;:d.;hka jykafia i;= ;=kafjks ;:d.; n,hhs'
03 iajdóks" Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia m%ydKh l< hq;=
O3⁄4u ldu ;Kaydj" Nj ;Kaydj úNj ;Kaydj m%ydKh l<
4' wfkaalOd;= kdkdOd;= [dKh'
fial' tfia fyhskao" iïud iïnqoaO kï jk fial'
^wfkal Od;= kdkd Od;= okakd kqjK&

04' iajdóks" Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia mila l< O3⁄4u

;:d.; Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia jkdys wfkl Od;= f,dalfhys
wixL; Od;= ixLHd; ks3⁄4jdKh ksfrdaO i;H wjfndaO
;;ajdlrfhka okakd kqjK" f,dalh iïmQ3⁄4Kfhka we;s ù
l< fial' tfia fyhskao iïud iïnqoaO kï jk fial'
ke;sù hk wdldrh uÈka uo fldgia jYfhka ì`È ì`§ m¨ÿ
ù hk wdldrh ialkaO" wdh;k" Od;=j, ;;a;ajdldrh okakd
05' iajdóks" Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia Ndú;d l<d jQ
kqjK ;u ;ukaf.a iajNdjfhka we;a;d jQ ish¨ Od;=j,
O3⁄4u jYfhka wd3⁄4h wIaGdx.sl O3⁄4uh hym;a ±lSu"
iajNdjh okakd kqjK ;:d.;hka jykafiaf.a y;r fjks
hym;a l,amkdj" hym;a jpkh" hym;a l3⁄4udka;h"
;:d.; n,hhs'
hym;a wdÔjh" hym;a W;aidyh" hym;a i;sh"
hym;a iudêh Ndú;d l< fial' tfia fyhskao iïud
iïnqoaO kï jk fial'
5' kdkdê uqla;sl [dKh'
^i;a;ajhkaf.a woyia oek .kakd kqjK&
01' Gdkd Gdk [dKh' ^ ia:dk wia:dk okakd kqjK&
;:d.; Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia jkdyS iEu i;a;ajhkaf.a
;:d.; Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia jkdys ta ta foa isÿùfï§
is;a j, mj;akd woyia f;areï .ekSug iu3⁄4:h' fudkhï
fya;= O3⁄4u ksje/È f,i okakdy" wfya;= O3⁄4uo ksjerÈ
flfkla jQj;a ;uka jykafia iómhg meñKsfha kï Tyqf.a
f,i okakdy' fya;= wfya;= O3⁄4u folu fkdjrojdu we;s
woyi ±kf.k wkqYdikd lr;s' wkqkaf.a woyia ksje/Èj
yeáfhkau okakd kqjK ;:d.;hka jykafiaf.a m<uqfjks
oek .kakd kqjK ;:d.;hka jykafiaf.a miafjks ;:d.;
;:d.; n,hhs'
n,hhs'
2' lïu úmdlc [dKh'
^ ld,;%hg wkqj l3⁄4u iudodkfhkaf.a úmdl okakd {dkh'&
6' bJosh mfrdamßh;a; mßh;a; [dKh'
35 36
 ^i;a;ajhf.a Y%oaOdoS bJøsh O3⁄4uhkaf.a ÈhqKq fkdÈhqKq nj
okakd kqjK&
wkH i;ajhkaf.a wkH mqoa.,hkaf.a Y%oaOdÈ bJøsh O3⁄4uhka
fudard we;s ke;s nj okakd bJøsh mfrdamßh;a; [dKh
;:d.;hka jykafiaf.a yhfjks ;:d.; n,hhs'
7' OHdkdê ixlsf,i [Kh'
^OHdkd§kaf.a ixlaf,aIdÈh okakd kqjK&
;:d.; Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia jkdys wIag úfudCIhkaf.kao"
m%:u OHdkd§ iudm;a;skaf.a" ixlaf,ai" fjdaodk O3⁄4uhka
okakd kqjK i;afjks ;:d.; n,hhs'
8 mqífí ksjdi [dKh'
^w;S; cd;s okakd kqjK&
;:d.; N.Hj;=ka jykafia jkdys w;S; Nj mrïmrdj olakd
kqjK' mßhka; mßÉfþohla ke;sj leu;s m%udKhla w;S;
cd;Ska ±lsh yels kqjKla nqÿrcdKka jykafiag we;af;ah'
th ;:d.;hka jykafiaf.a wgfjks ;:d.; n,hhs'
9' osíL plaLq [dKh'
^i;a;ajhkaf.a pq;s Wmam;a;sh okakd kqjK&
;:d.; Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia jkdyS ta ta Njfhka pq; fjk
ta Tjqka l< mska mõ wkqj i;a;ajhkaf.a iq.;s ÿ.;s foflys
Wmokd ieá ukd kqjKska olskakdy' th ;:d.;hka jykafia
f.a kjfjks ;:d.; n,hhs'
10' wijlaLh [dKh'
^wdY%jCIh kqjK&
;:d.; Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia ldudoS wdY%jhka CIhùfuka
wkqih O3⁄4uhka rys;ju w3⁄4y;aM, iudêh iy w3⁄4y;a
M, iïm%hqla; m%{dj j3⁄4;udk wd;au NjfhaoSu wêl;r
m%{dfjka ;uka jykafia m%;HCI lr .;a ksid th ;:d.;hka
37
jykafiaf.a oifjks ;:d.; n,hhs'
;:d.; ldh n,h'
;:d.;hka jykafiaf.a {dk n, oyh fukau ldh
n,ho b;d uy;ah' f,dalfhys n, we;s we;a;ka w;r
we;d n,j;ah h; we;a n, Wmudjlska th b;d meyeos,sh'
ld,djl kï wef;l=g uOHu mqreIhka oi fofkl=f.a n,hla
we;' ld,djl we;=ka oifofkl=g we;s n,hla .xf.Hh
wef;l=g we;af;ah" .xf.Hh oi fokdf.a n,hg jeä
n,hla mKavr wef;l=g we;' mKavr oifofkl=g we;s
n,hla ;ïN wef;l=g we;' ;ïN oifofkl=g we;s n,hla
tl msx., wef;l=g we;' msx., we;=ka oi fokl=g jeä
n,hla tl .kaO wef;l=g we;' .kaO we;=ka oi fofkl=g
we;s n,hla tl ux., wef;l=g we;' ux., we;=ka oi
fofkl=g we;s n,hla tl fyauka; wef;l=g we;' fyauka;
we;=ka oi fofkl=g we;s n,hla tl Wfmdai: wef;l=g we;'
Wfmdai: oi fofkl=f.a n,hla tl Poaoka; wef;l=g we;'
Poaoka;hka oi fofkl=g we;s ldh n,hla tl ;:d.;hka
jykafia kulg we;' tu n,hg krdhk ;:d.; n,hhehso
i|yka fõ' idudkH we;=ka oi fldaáhl n,hlao" idudkH
ukqIH .Kkska uOHu mqreIhka fldaá oi oyil n,hlao
we;af;ah'
fufia ta oi n, [dKhkaf.ka iy ldh n,fhka
iukakd.; jk fyhska nqÿrcdKka jykfia iïud iïnqoaOkï
jkfiaal' ta iïud iïnqÿrcdKka jykafiag uu kuialdr
lrñ udf.a kuialdrh fõjd'
idOqæ idOqææ idOqæææ
iïud iïnqÿ .=Kfhys wdksixi
iïud iïnqÿ W;a;uhka jykafia lsis ;ekl je/§ula
fkdue;sj wf;a we;s fohla ukdj fmfkkakd fia ;uka jykafiaf.au
kqjKska u" w;S;" j3⁄4;udk" wkd.;" hk ld,;%hgu wh;a ish,a,
±k jod< ksid iïud iïnqoaO kï jk fial' ialkaO wd§ O3⁄4uhkaf.a
i;H jgyd .ekSu jYfhka jYS Ndjh ,nd o th iïud iïnqoaO kï
38
jk fial' ;:d.;hka jykafia f,dalfha W;=ï ia:dkhg meñKs ksidu
CI;%Sh" n%dyauK" .Dym;s" Y%uK" pd;=3⁄4uydrdðl msßi ;dj;sxi
msßi" udr msßi" n%yau msßi" wg msßfiys wNS; isxykdo meje;a jQ
nj uyd isykdo iQ;%fha i|yka fõ' tneúka ;:d.;hka jykafia oi
n, {dkhkaf.ka iy ldh n, oyfhka iukakd.; jk fyhska iïud
iïnqoaO kï jk fial'
úÊcdprK iïmkak .=Kh ^idrdxY w3⁄4:h&
1' iajdóks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia mqífí ksjdi[dKh
fmr úiQ l| ms<sfj, okakd kqjK" ÈÄL plaLq [dKh" i;shla
;=< uefrk WmÈk iq.;s" ÿ.;s l=i,a wl=i,a ±k .kakd kqjK
wdY%jCIh l< {dkh" wry;a ud3⁄4. [dKfhka wjfndaO l<
fial' ta iu. úo3⁄4Ykd [dK ufkdauh [dKh" boaêúo [dKh"
mrÑ;a; úcdkk {dkh" ÈÄLfida; [dKho" wjfndaO l<
fial'
2' iajdóks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai Tn jykafia mif<diaprK O3⁄4uh
wjfndaO l< fial' m%d;sfudaCI ixjr iS,h" bJøsh ixjr
iS,h" fNdackud;%{;djh" cd.ßhdkq fhda.h" Y%oaOdj" ysßh"
T;a;mamh" nyqY%e; Ndjh" mrdl%u ù3⁄4hh" i;sh" m%{dj" OHdk
p;=Ialh" wjfndaO l< fial'
úÊcdprK iïmkak .=Kh
1' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia fmr úiQ l| ms<sfj,
okakd kqjK mqífí ksjdidkqiai;s [dKh w;S; cd;Ska isysl<
kqjK ndysr ;jqikag ^40& l,amhlao" Nd.Hj;=ka jykafiaf.a
we;eï Y%jlfhda l,am ishhla" oyila" w;S;h okS' wiQuyd
Y%jlfhda l,am ,CIhla okS' w.% Y%djl foku tld ixLH
l,am ,CIhla w;S;h okS' mfia nqÿrcKka jykafia,d
l,am wixLH folla w;S;h okS' f,djq;=rd nqÿrcdKka
jykafia,df.a {dkh mßÉfþohla ke;sj leue;s
muKla w;S;h isysl< yels ksid w;S;h wjfndaO l<
fyhskao úÊcdprK iïmkak kï jk fial'
2' iajdóks Nd.Hj;=ka jykaiæ Tn jykafia l=i,a wl=i,a
39
/ialrk i;a;ajhkaf.a pq;s Wmam;a;s okakd kqjK ta
ta i;a;ajhka ta ta Njfhka Tjqka l< mska mõ wkqj
i;ajhkaf.a i;shla ;=< pq;s W;am;a;s fol Wmokd yeá
;:d.;hka jykafia ukd fldg wjfndaO l< fyhskao
úÊcdprK iïmkak kï jk fial'
3' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai Tn jykafia ish¨ wdY%jhka
CIh lrk w3⁄4y;a ud3⁄4. {dkh wjfndaO l< fyhskao"
úÊcdprK iïmkak kï jk fial'
4' iajdóks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia úo3⁄4Ykd
{dk" ufkdauh {dk" iDoaêúO {dkh" ÈjH fid;
{dkh" mrÑ;a; úcdkk {dkh" ;%s úoHd {dk iu.
wIag úoHdjkaf.ka iukakd.; jk fyhskao úÊcdprK
iïmkak kï jk fial'
5' iajdóks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia m%d;sfudaaCI
ixjr iS,h" bJøsh ixjr iS,h" fNdackfh ud;%{;djh"
cd.ßhdkqfhda.h" ioaOdj" ysßh" T;a;mamh" nyqY%e;
Ndjh" ù3⁄4h" i;sh" m%{dj" mGu" ÿ;sh" ;;sh" p;=F:"
OHdkhka wjfndaO l< fyhskao" úÊcdprk iïmkak kï
jk fial'
úÊcdprK iïmkak .=Kfhys wksixih'
;:d.; Nd.Hj;=ka jykafiaf.a fuu .=Kh
f;úÊcjÉPf.d;a; iQ;%fhys ukdj meyeÈ,s fjhs' oin,
l;dfjys i|yka wg" kjh" oyh hk ;eko Nhfyrj
iQ;%fhys ^;%SúoHdj& b;du meyeÈ,s fõ' úoHdj ksid udKslH
r;akhla úksúo fmfkkakdla fuka kdu rEm úksúo fmfkk
úo3⁄4Ykd {dkho" i3⁄4jdx. mßmQ3⁄4K lhla ks3⁄4udKh l< yels
ufkdauh iDoaê {dkho" is; ilia lr .;a fhda.djprhdg
fndfydaa rEm ks3⁄4udKh fldg ;udgu fndfyda fofkl= fia
fmkS isáh yelsh n%yau f,dalh olajd ;udf.a BYajr;ajh
meje;aúh yels {dkh iD`âúO {dkhhs' ^pq,a,mka:l iajdóka
jykafia fukah' lmamsk rc;=ud we;=¿ ms3⁄4i wfkdacd foaúhg
fkdfmfkkak ie,iqjd fukah&' nUf,dj" foõf,dj" mrilaj<
40
olajd mshú lkg fkdwefik Yío wefik {dkh ÈjHfida;
{dkhhs' fidf<dia wdldrfhka wkqkaf.a is;a ±k.kakd {dkh
mrÑ;a; úcdkk {dkhhs'
prK O3⁄4u" m%d;sfudaCI ixjr iS,h" n%yau cd,
iQ;%fhys pQ,iS," uʯu iS," uyd iS," hkqfjka i|yka
fjhs' bJøshka ihfokdf.a iy tu wruqKq ih fokdf.a
ixjrh bJøsh ixjrhhs' kqjKska wdydr wkqNj lsÍu muK
fkdblaujd wdydr .ekSu' fNdack ud;%d{;djhhs' fkdksod
isàfï fh§u fkdksod mxp ksjrKhkaf.ka is; msßisÿ lsÍu'
^ cd.ßhdkq fhda.hhs& ;:d.; Èk p3⁄4hdj w¨hï ld,fha Wfoa
6 isg oj,a 12 f;la mqf3⁄4N;a; lsÉph oyj,a 12 isg iji 6
jk ;=re mÉPdN;a; lsÉph iji 6 isg rd;%s 10 olajd' uOHu
hdu lsÉph rd;%s 10 isg rd;%s 2olajd uʯu hdu lsÉph rd;%s
2 isg w¿hï 6 ld,h olajd mYaÑu hdu lsÉph hkqfjks'
;=Kqrejka ms<s.ekSu Y%oaOdjhs' mjg ms<sl=,a iajNdjh ysßhhs'
mjg ìh iajNdjh T;a;mamhhs' O3⁄4uh isf;ys ±Íu nqyqY%e;
Ndjhhs' i;r iuHla jHdhduh ùhH_hhs' wl=i,h hg fldg
l=i,h u;=lr .ekSu isyshhs' úo3⁄4Yk m%{dj ud3⁄4. m%{dj
m%{djhs' rEmdjpr wrEmdjpr OHdk iudm;a;shhs' fufia
úÊcdprK .=Kfhka iukakd.; iïud iïnqÿrcdKka
jykafiag uu kuialdr lrñ udf.a kuialdrh fõjdæ
idOqæ idOqææ idOqæææ
iq.; .=Kh
01 iajdóks" Nd.Hj;=ka jykai Tn jykafiaæ mdßY=oaO
jQ wd3⁄4h ud3⁄4. ixLHd; ^wd3⁄4h wIaGdx.sl ud3⁄4.fhka
iïud ÈÜÀ wd§ wx`v 8'& fYdaNk .uka we;s fyhskao
iq.; kï jk fial'
02 iajdóks" Nd.Hj;=ka jykai Tn jykafiaæ cd;s" crd"
jHdê" urKd§ ÿla ke;a;d jQ Ydka; iqkaor ks3⁄4jdKhg
.uka.;a fyhskao iq.; kï jk fial'
41
03' iajdóks" Nd.Hj;=ka jykai Tn jykafiaæ i;r u.
M, keKska keiQ flf,iqka kej; kQmojñka .uka .;a
fyhskao iq.; kï jk fial'
04 iajdóks" Nd.Hj;=ka jykai Tn jykafiaæ §mxlr mdo
uQ,fha mgka fndaaê uKav,h olajd uOHu m%;smodfjka
iu;sxila mdrñ .=Kfhka .uka .;a fyhskao iq.; kï
jkfial'
05' iajdóks" Nd.Hj;=ka jykai Tn jykafiaæ
id3⁄4:l ioaO3⁄4u foaYkd we;sj .uka .;a fyhskao
iq.; kï jk fial'
iq.; .=Kh
01' iajdóks" Nd.Hj;=ka jykai Tn jykafia fYdaNk .uka
we;s fyhskao" hym;a ±lSfuka" hym;a l,amkdfjka"
hym;a jpkfhka" hym;a l3⁄4udka;fhka" hym;a ±yeñ
Ôú;fhka" hym;a W;aidyfhka" hym;a i;sfhka"
hym;a iudêfhka hqla; jQ wd3⁄4h ud3⁄4.fhka .uka .;a
fyhskao iq.; kï jk fialæ
02 iajdóks" Nd.Hj;=ka jykai Tn jykafiaæ iqkaor jQ ksjkg
jeä fyhska o ^bm§ula ke;s" crdjla ke;s" jHdêhla ke;s"
urKhla ke;s fYdalhla ke;s' mßfoajhla ke;s' Wmdhdihla
ke;s fyhska o" iq.; kï jk fial'
03 iajdóks" Nd.Hj;=ka jykai Tn jykafiaæ keiQ flf,ia
kej; kQm§jñka ksjkg .uka .;a fyhskao" fidajdka
ud3⁄4.fhka ilaldh ÈÜÀ" úÑlsÉPd" iS,ín; mrdudi"
ixfhdacko" ilDod.dó ud3⁄4.fhka f,daN" fodai ixfhdack
iy wkqYh fol ;=kS lsÍfuka o" wkd.dñ ud3⁄4.fhka f,daN
oafõY ixfhdack o" f,daN oafõY wkqYho" iïmQ3⁄4Kfhka
ÿre lsÍfukao w3⁄4y;a ud3⁄4.fhka WoaOxNd.Sh O3⁄4uhka
rEm rd." wrEmrd." udk" WoaOÉp" wúÊcd mio" wkqYh
42
 jYfhka wúÊcd wkqYh" udkdkqYh" Ndjrd.dkqYh" keiQ
fyhskao" iq.; kï jk fial'
04 ijdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykaiæ Tn jykafia ldu iqL,a,sldkq
fhda.hg iy w;a;ls,u:dkq fhda.hg fkdmeñK uOHu
m%;smodfjka wd3⁄4h wIagdx.sl m%;smodfjka ksjkg meñKs
fyhskao Ydiaj; WÉfþo wka;hg fkdmeñKs fyhska o"
iq.; kï jk fial'
05' ijdóks Nd.Hj;=ka jykaiæ Tn jykafia iqÿiq l, i;H
jQ m%sh jQ w3⁄4:odhl jq yd iqÿiq l< wm%sh jQ i;H jQ
w3⁄4:odhs jQ jpk we;s fyhska iq.; kï jk fial'
06' ijdóks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia uq, ueo
w. hym;a fyhska ;u ;uka úiskau ±lsh yels
fyhskaowld,sl jYfhka M,h f.kfok fyhskao iqÿiq
úoHdudk wksixi we;s fyhskao" ;u is; ;=< ks3⁄4jdKh
wruqKq lrk fyhskao" keKj;=ka úiska ;ukaf.au keK
muKskau ish is; ;=< m%;HCI l< hq;= wjfndaO lr.;
hq;= O3⁄4uhla foaYkd l< fyhskao iq.; kï jk fial'
;:d.;hka jykafiaf.a ud3⁄4.h'
1' ;: w.f;d;s ;:d.f;d'
ijdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia jkdys fmr
nqÿrcdKka jykafia,d wd mßÈu meñKs neúka ;:d.; kï
fõ' fmr w;S;fha my< jqK §mxlr wd§ nqÿjrfhda il,
i;a;ajhkaf.a hym; Wfoidu meñKshdy' fmr nqÿrcdKka
jykafia,d mdró O3⁄4uhka jYfhka odk" iS," fkÅLïu"
m%{d" ùhH_hLka;s" i;H" wêIaGdk" ffu;%s" WfmaCId wd§
jYfhka oi mdró jYfhkao" oi Wm mdró jYfhkao"
oi mru;a; mdró jYfhkao" iu;sia Ou_ msrEy' wd;au
mß;Hd." fka;% mß;Hd." Okmß;Hd." rdcH mß;Hd.
wUqorejka mß;Hd. jYfhka m[aj mß;Hd.hka mdró
mqrd wd neúkao tfiau i;r i;smÜGdk" i;riDoaêmdo"
i;r iuHla ù3⁄4h m[aj bJøsh m[aj n," ima;
43
fndÊ®`v." O3⁄4u wd3⁄4h wIaGdx.sl ud3⁄4.h mqrdf.k
w;S; nqÿrcdKkajykafia,d wkqju wd ksid ;:d.; kï
fõ' ;:wd.f;d;s ;:d.f;d hkqfjka i|yka fõ'
2 ;:.f;d;s ;:d.f;d
fmr w;S;fha nqoqjre .sh u`. .sh neúkao" ;:d.;
kï fõ' fmr fndai;=kaf.a Wmf;a§ i;a mshjrla .uka
l<y' wfma fndai;dKka jykafiao ta i;a mshjr .shy' ta
fï .uk úfYaI wê.ukhla ,nkakg iqÿiq fmr ksñ;a;la
jk .ukls' fndai;dKka jykafia msám;=,a iuf,i
fmdf<dfjys msysàu i;r iDoaêmdo O3⁄4uh ,eîfï fmr
ksñ;sh' W;=rg .uka lsÍu f,daflda;a;r O3⁄4uhka wjfndaO
lsÍug fmr ksñ;sh' i;a mshjr hdu ima; fndÊ®`v.
O3⁄4uh wjfndaO lsÍug fmr ksñ;sh' rka o`vq pdur tiùu
wkH ;S3⁄4:lhka oukh lsÍug fmr ksñ;sh' Yafõ;P;%h
tiùu wry;a M, úuqla;sh ,eîug fmr ksñ;sh' il,
ÈYdjka ne,Su wkdjrK ij_{;d {dkh ,eîug fmr
ksñ;sh' wNS; isxykdoh lsÍu oïila meje;aùug fmr
ksñ;sh' tu .ufka§ isÿjqKq ish,a, iïmQ3⁄4K úh' Wmka
flfkysu .sh .uklah fmr fndai;dKka jykafia,d
tfiauh' fmr nqÿjre fkÄLïufhka lduÉPkaoh o
wjHmdofhka" ^ffu;%sfhka& jHdmdoho wf,dal ix{dfjka
ÓkïoaOho" is; ;ekam;a ùfuka WoaOÉpho" O3⁄4ufhka
úÑlsÉPdjo" {dkfhka wúoHdjo" m%S;sfhka wr;sho"
m%:u OHdkfhka mxp kSjrKo" fidajdka ud3⁄4.fhka f,daN
ÈÜÀho" ilDod.dó ud3⁄4.fhka ´,dßl laf,aIhkao"
wkd.dó ud3⁄4.fhka wkqih iys; flf,iao" w3⁄4y;a
ud3⁄4.fhka ish¨ laf,aIhkao m%ydKh fldg iqkaor ksjkg
fmr nqÿjre .sh wdldrfhka .uka .;a ksid ;:d.; kï
fõ' ^;: .f;d;s ;:d.f;da hkqfjks&'
3' ;:,CLKx w.f;d;s ;:d.f;d'
kdu rEm O3⁄4uhka f.a kshu ,CIKh i;H ,CIKfhka
±k.;a ksid ;:d.; kï fõ' Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia,d kdu
44
 rEm O3⁄4uhka f.a kshu iajNdjh ,CIKh we;s ieáfhkau
±kSu ;: ,CIK {dkfhka meñKSuls' ;: ,CIKfhkau
1' zNd.Hj;=ka jykafiaZ tfiau ;uka jykafia okakd hï
meñKSfhah kshu ,CIKh ±kSu hkq ;:,laLKx
wi;H jQo" wk3⁄4:fhka hqla; jQ wkqkag wm%sh jQ jpk
w.f;d;s ;:d.f;da hkqfjks'
foaYkd fkdlr;s'
2' zNd.Hj;=ka jykafiaZ tfiau ;uka jykafia okakd hï
4' ;: Ofuu h:djf;d wNsiuLqfOd;s ;:d.f;d' i;H jQo" wk3⁄4:fhka hqla; jQ wkqkag wm%sh jpk foaYkd
fkdlr;s'
Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia ÿlaLi;Hh" iuqoh i;Hh" ksfrdaO
i;Hh" ud3⁄4. i;Hh tfiau we;s fyhskao" ;: O3⁄4uhhehs
3' zNd.Hj;=ka jykafiaZ tfiau ;uka jykafia okakd hï
lshhs' th we;s ieáfhkau wjfndaO lr.;a ksid ;:
i;H jQo" w3⁄4:fhka hqla; jQo" wkqkag wm%sh jQo" tn÷
Oïfï h:djf;d;s ;:d.f;da hkqfjks'
jpk lSfï ld,h okafkao tu jpk foaYkd lr;s'
5' ;: oiis;dh ;:d.f;d 4' zNd.Hj;=ka jykafiaZ tfiau ;uka jykafia okakd hï
Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia i;a;ajhkaf.a oajdr j,ska .kakd rEm
wi;H jQ" wk3⁄4:fhka hqla; jQo" wkqkag m%sh jQj;a foaYkd
Yío wdoS wruqKq oajdrdkqidrfhka i;ajhka oek .kakd jQ
fkdlr;s'
rEmdoS O3⁄4uhka we;s ieáfhka ±k ixialdrhka jYfhka o"
ish,a, we;s ieáfhka ±laldy' fidhd.;a;do ish,a, we;s
5 zNd.Hj;=ka jykafiaZ tfiau ;uka jykafia okakd hï
ieáfhka olakd ksid ;:oiis;dh ;:d.f;da hkqfjks'
i;H jQo" wk3⁄4:fhka hqla; jQo" wkqkag m%sh jQj;a foaYkd
fkdlr;s'
6' ;:djdos;dh ;:d.f;d'
Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia fndaê uQ,fha§ nqÿnjg m;a jQ wjia:dfõ
6' zNd.Hj;=ka jykafiaZ tfiau ;uka jykafia okakd hï i;H
mgka wkqmdÈfYaI mßks3⁄4jdKhg meñKsu f;lau w;r ldf,fha§
jQo" w3⁄4:fhka hqla; jQo" wkqkag m%sh jQo" fun÷ jpk
hula m%ldY lrk ,oafoao" th tfiau isÿjk fyhska fkdjrÈk
ld,h ±kf.k foaYkd lr;s'
fyhska ;:djdÈ;dh ;:d.f;da hkqfjks'

7' ;:ldrs;dh ;:d.f;da' iq.; .=Kfhys wdksixi'

;:d.;hka jykafia jkdys úYsIag iïmkak jdikdjka;
Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia hï wdldrhlska hula lshkfiala kï
mqoa.,hd hkakh' iqkaor mqoa.,hdh"iqkaor i;ajhdh'
ta wdldrfhkau lrk fial' tfia fyhska ;:d.; kï jk
m%;sikaêfha mgka mßks3⁄4jdKh olajd Ôú; ld,h mru iqkaor
fial' ;:ldß;dh ;:d.f;da hkqfjks'
ld,hhs' uy fndai;dKka jykafia,d isys kqjKska uõ l=ig
msúfi;s' uu uõ l=fiys isákafkñhs oks' fndaêi;ajfhda uõ
8 wNsNjkfgGk kqjK' l=fiys fjfik nj isys kqjKska okS' fndai;a ujq ;=ñh lsis
Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia f,dalfhys wNsNjkh lrkakg flfkla
flfkl=f.a fufyhùula ke;sj ÈjH mq;%fhda i;r fofkla
ke;' iS,fhka" iudêfhka" m%{dfjka" úuqla;sfhka" {dk
i;r me;af;ka wdrCId lr;s' uy fndai;a orefjla l=i jq;a
o3⁄4Ykfhka" foaYkd ú,difhka" wm%fuhH wkq;a;r fjhs'
uEKshkag wfkal jia;=j ,efnhs' fndai;a uEKshkag rd."
tfia fyhska wNsNjkfgGk ;:d.f;da hkqfjks'
ldu" i{djla my< fkdfjhs' mqreIfhl=g rd. is;ska fndai;a
iq.; .=kh
45 46
ud;dj <Õg <xfjkakg fkdyelsh' fndai;a uEKshkag lsisu
frda.dndOhla we;s fkdfjhs' fndai;a orejd fndai;a uEKshkag
msßisÿ ùÿre lr`vqjla ;=< ;sfnk udKslH r;akhla fia msßisÿ
f,i fmfkhs' O3⁄4u lÓlhka jykafiakula O3⁄4udikfhka
niskakdla fuka fndai;a orejd ujql=fika ìys fjhs' i¿jlska
T;d ;snQ udKslH r;akhla fia b;d iqmßY=oaOj ujql=iska
ìysfjhs' tfy;a msßisÿ isis,a jQ WKq jQ c, Odrd folla
wyiska .,df.kú;a fndai;a l=ure keyefjhs' uEKshka
isgf.k isáoaoSu fndai;a Wm; isÿfjhs' n%yau rdcfhla rka
±,lska ms<s.kS' bka wk;=rej foúhka ms<s.kS' bka wk;=rejhs
ukqIHhka w;r uyd iïu; weu;sfhla w;g fndai;a
l=urejd meñfKkafka fndai;a l=urejd uEKshka bÈßfha ;nk
úg fmdf<dj mh ;nk úg oi oyila ilaj, tlu ñÿ,la
fia fndai;=kag fmfka' ;uka yd iudk flfkl= iy
;ukag jvd Wiia flfkl= fkd±l fiai;a"p;% háka iy
fmdf<dfjka u;= jqKq i;a mshqï msg md ;nñka W;=re È. n,d
i;a mshjrla f.dia wNS; isxy kdoh mj;ajhs' fufia fï wd§
fo;sia mq3⁄4j ksñ;so my< ù fndai;a Wmf;a§ oi oyila ilaj,
lïmd fjoa§" oi oyila f,dal Od;= wf,dalj;a fjoa§ isÿy;a
fndai;dKka jykafia f.a Wm; isÿúh' iq.;hka jykafiaf.a
W;=ï iq.; .=Kfhys n,h fufiah tu W;=ï .=Khg uu
kuialdr lrñ' udf.a kuialdrh fõjd
idOqæ idOqææ idOqæææ
f,dalú¥ .=Kh ^idrdxY w3⁄4:h&
1' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia ialkaO f,dalh i3⁄4j
m%ldrfhka wjfndaO l< fyhskao f,dalú¥ kï jk fial'
2' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia ixLdr f,dalh
i3⁄4jm%ldrfhka wjfndaO l< fyhska o" f,dalú¥ kï jk
fial'
3' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia wjldY f,dalh
i3⁄4jm%ldrfhka wjfndaO l< fyhskao f,dalú¥ kï jk
fial'
47
f,dal ú¥ .=Kh'
1' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia f,dalh f;fïu
wjfndaO l< ksid ialkaO f,dalh wjfndaO l< fyhskao
f,dalú¥ kï jk fial'
2' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai Tn jykafia f,dal iajNdjh
f,dalh yg .ekSu f,dalh yg .ekSfï fya;=j" f,dalfhka
tf;rùu" tf;r ùfï Wmdh ud3⁄4.h' ±k jod< fyhskao
f,dalú¥ kï jk fial'
3' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai" Tn jykafia ish¿ i;a;ajfhda
wdydrh msysg fldg isák nj;a" fojeoEreï kdu rEm
jYfhkao" ;=ka jeoEreï fõokd" i;r jeoEreï wdydr
jYfhkao" mia jeoEreï ialkaO jYfhkao" yh jeoEreï
wdh;kjYfhkao" i;a jeoEreï ú[a[dKÀ;s jYfhkao"
wg jeoEreï wIag f,dal jYfhkao" kj jeoEreï kj
i;aj jdi jYfhkao" oi jeoEreï oi wdh;k jYfhkao"
wgf,dia jeoEreï f,dal jYfhkao wjfndaO l< fyhskao"
f,dal ú¥ kï jk fial'
4' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia wõ[a[dKl"
iú[a[dKl jYfhkao" w,am rcial uyd rcial"
jYfhkao" wjfndaO l< fyhskao" f,dal ú¥ kï jk
fial'
5 iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykaiæ Tn jykafia ^11& tfldf<dia
jeoEreï ldu f,dalh ^16& oyih jeoEreï rEm f,dalh
^4& isjq jeoEreï wrEm f,dalh wjfndaO l< fyhska o
f,dal ú¥ kï jk fial'
6 iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykaiæ Tn jykafia tlfjdaldr"
p;= fjdaldr m[apfjdaldr" f,dalh ±k jod< fyhskao"
f,dalú¥ kï jk fial'
7' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykaiæ Tn jykafia N=ñ ;sia tla ^31&
48
 ;,h iys; wkka; f,dal Od;=fjys wjldi f,dalh ±k
jod< fyhskao f,dal ú¥kï jk fial'
f,dal ú¥ .=Kfhys wdksixi'
;:d.; Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia jkdys f,dalfhys
iajNdjh ;Fjdldrfhkau foaYkd l< W;a;uhka jykafiah'
f,dalfhys wm okakd ;ru Èh ìÿjla jeksh fkdokakd
;ru uyd id.rhg iudkh' f,dalfha i;a;ajhka jYfhka"
i;aj f,dalh" wjldYh jYfhkao" ialkaO f,dal jYfhkao"
.=K jYfhka f,dalh wjfndaO lr .ekSuh' f,dalfhys uq,
fkdfiúh hq;=h' fya;=M, O3⁄4uh nj kqjKska ms<s.; hq;=h'
wkj;.a. ixhq;a;fha tk iQ;% n,d ±k .; hq;=h' fuu
f,dal iajNdjh ish,a, wjfndaO lr.;a W;a;uhka jykafiag
uu kuialdr lrñ udf.a kuialdrh fõjdæ
idOqæ idOqææ idOqæææ
wkq;a;r mqrsioïu idrÓ .=Kh ^ idrdxY w3⁄4:h &
01 iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æTn jykafia iS,d§ W;a;Í;r
.=K iuQyfhka ;uka jykafiag jvd W;=ï flfkla fkdue;s
fyhskao" wkq;a;r mqßioïu idrÓ kï jk fial'
02 iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia iudê wd§
W;a;Í;r .=K iuQyfhka ;uka jykafiag jvd W;=ï
flfkla fkdue;s fyhskao wkq;a;r mqßiOu_u idrÓ kï
jk fial'
03 iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia m%{d.=KdÈ
W;a;Í;r .=K iuQyfhka ;uka jykafiag jvd W;=ï
flfkl=ka fkdue;s fyhska o wkq;a;r mqßiOu_u idrÓ
kï jk fial'
04 iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tnjykafia úuqla;s wd§
W;a;Í;r .=K iuQyfhka ;uka jykafiag jvd W;=ï
flfkla fkdue;s fyhskao wkq;a;r mqßioïu idrÓ kï
49
jk fial'
05 iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia úuqla;s {dk
o3⁄4Yk wd§ W;a;Í;r .=K iuQyfhka ;uka jykafiag
jvd W;=ï flfkl=ka fkdue;s fyhskao" wkq;a;r
mqßioïu idrÓ kï jk fial'
06 iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia rEm ldh
iïm;a;sfhka ;uka jykafiag jvd W;=ï flfkl=ka
fkdue;s fyhskao" wkq;a;r mqßioïu idrÓ kï jk
fial'
07 iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia i;a;sia fndaê
mdCIsl W;a;Í;r .=K iuQyfhka ;uka jykafiag jvd
W;=ï flfkl=ka fkdue;s fyhskao" wkq;a;r mqßioïu
idrÓ kï jk fial'
08 iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia f,dj oukh
l< hq;= mqoa.,hka f,dj W;a;Í;r .=Kfhka oukh l<
fyhskao wkq;a;r mqßioïu idrÓ kï jk fial'
wkq;a;r mqßioïu idrÓ .=Kh'
01' iajdóks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia iS, iudê"
m%{d" úuqla;s" úuqla;s {dk o3⁄4Ykd§ W;=ï W;a;Í;r
.=Kfhka iukakd.; jk fyhskao" wkq;a;r mqßioïu
idrÓ kï jk fial'
02 iajdóks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia p;=mdßY=oaO
is,h" m%d;sfudaCI ixjr YS,h" bkaøsh ixjr iS,h" wdÔj
mdßY=oaO YS,h" m%;H ikaksY%S; iS,fhka iukakd.; jk
fyhskao" wkq;a;r mqßioïu idrÓ kï jk fial'
03' iajdóks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia Wmpdr
iudê" w3⁄4mKd" iudê ldudjpr iudê" rEmdjpr iudê"
wrEmdjpr iudê" f,d!lsl f,daflda;a;r iudêfhka
50
 iukakd.; jQ wkq;a;r mqßioïu idrÓ kï jk fial'
04 iajdóks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia iq;uh
{dkh" Ñka;duh {kh" Ndjkduh {dkh wdÈ fldg
we;s fyhskao fyhskao" wkq;a;r mqßioïu idrÓ kï jk
fial'
05 iajdóks Nd.Hj;=kajykai æ Tn jykafia bJøsh
mfrdamßh;a; {dkh" wdihdkqih {dkh" hul m%d;syd3⁄4h
{dkh" uyd lreKd iudm;a;s {dkh" i3⁄4j{;d {dkh"
wkdjrK {dkh wdÈfhka iukakd.; fyhskao" wkq;a;r
mqßi oïu idrÓ kï jk fial'
06 iajdóks Nd.Hj;=kajykai æ Tn jykafia ;ox.
úIalïNk" iuqÉfþo mámamiaioaê" ksiairK hk m[aúO
úuqla;sfhka hqla; jQ fyhskao" wkq;a;r mqßi oïu idrÓ
kï jk fial'
07' iajdóks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia ud3⁄4. M,
wê.ukhg wk;=rej ,efnk m%;HfõCId {dkhkaf.ka
hqla; jQ fyhskao" wkq;a;r mqßi oïu idrÓ kï jk
fial'
08 iajdóks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia i;a;sia fndaê
mdCIsl O3⁄4uhkaf.ka i;r i;smÜGdk" i;r iDoaêmdo"
i;r iuHla m%Odk ù3⁄4h m[ap bJøsh O3⁄4u m[ap n,
O3⁄4u" ima; iïfndc®x. O3⁄4u" wd3⁄4h wIaGdx.sl
ud3⁄4.h" w§ O3⁄4uhkaf.ka hqla; jQ fyhskao" wkq;a;r
mqßioïu idrÓ kï jk fial'
09 iajdóks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia p;= úidro
{dkhkaf.ka iukakd.;hs" ij_{;d {dkh ms<sn|
úidro w3⁄4y;a ud3⁄4.h ms<sn| úidro ffkhH_dksl O3⁄4uh
ms<sn|" úidro l3⁄4ulaf,aI" úmdl wdY%j jH;suKdka;rh
ms<sn| úidro Ndjfhka hq;a; jQ fyhskao " wkq;a;r
mqßioïu idrÓ kï jk fial'
51
10 iajdóks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia oukh l< hq;=
ukqIH wukqIH" ÈjH" n%yau" ;srYaÑk wd§ i;a;ajhka
úYsIag f,i oukh l< fyhskao" wkq;a;r mqßioïu
idrÓ kï jk fial'
wkq;a;r mqrsioïu idrÓ .=Kfhys wdksixih'
;:d.; Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia jkdys iS,dos W;=ï
.=KialkaOfhka f,dalfhys ish¿ fokdu ukd kqjKska oukhg
m;a l< fial' ;sßika i;=ka oukhg myiqh' ukqIHhka oukh
ÿIalrh' nqÿrcdKka jykafia irK iS,d§ m%;sm;a;s O3⁄4ufhka
oukh lsÍu b;du;au jeo.;ah' ksjka ud3⁄4.hg m%;súreoaO
ud3⁄4.fhys hk wh irK iS,d§ .=Kfhka ij3⁄4. fudaCI
ud3⁄4.fhys .uka lrkqjka njg m;a ùu b;du W;=ï oukhhs'
wkqkaf.a oukhg jvd wmg msysg jkafka ;uka oukhg m;a
ùuh' wkqka oukh l< yelsjkafka ;ukaf.a Ñ;a; oukfhka
miqjhs' ;:d.; iïud iïnqÿrcdKka jykafia oi fmreï mqrd
tys n,fhka fndaê uq,fhys il, Cf,aIhka w3⁄4y;a ud3⁄4.{dk
keue;s .skafkka ojd i3⁄4jm%ldrfhka mdßY=oaOFjhg meñK
;uka jykafia m<uq fldg ;ukaf.a ika;dkh oukh fldg
mkaid,sia jila uq¿,af,a wmuK i;a;ajhka oukhg m;a
l<y' iyïm;s n%yau rdchdf.a wdrdOkdfjka m<uq meje;a jQ
Oïu plal iQ;%fhka w[a[d fldKav[a[ f;reka we;=¿ oy
wg fldaáhla n%yaufhda oyï weiska oukhg m;a jqy' fuf,i
mqoa.,hdf.a oukh wry;ajfhka wjika fldg jod< iïud
iïnqÿrcdKka jykafiag uu kuialdr lrñ' udf.a kuialdrh
fõjd æ'
idOqæ idOqææ idOqæææ
i;a:d foajukqiaidkx .=Kh ^idrdxY w3⁄4:h&
52
01 iajdñkss Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia foõñksiqkag
f,dõ;=rd iqjh msKsi wkqYdikd l< fyhskao" i;a:dfoaj
ukqiaidkx jk fial'
02' ijdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia foõ ñksiqkag
fuf,dj ys; iqj msKsi wkqYdikd l< fyhska" i;a:d foaj
ukqiaidkx jk fial'
03 iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia foõ ñksiqkag
mrf,dj ys; iqj msKsi wkqYdikd l< fyhskao" i;a:d
foajukqiaidkx jk fial'
04' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia foõ
ñksiqkag mrud3⁄4: w3⁄4:h msKsi ^ks3⁄4jdK wjfndaOh
msKsi& wkqYdikd l< fyhskao" i;a:d foajukqiaidkx
jk fial'
05' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia iir
l;ßka i;a;ajhka tf;r lrkq msksi ks3⁄4jdK fCIau
N=ñhg meñKSu msKsi wkqYdikd l< fyhskao i;a:d
foajukqiaidkx jk fial'
i;a:d foajukqiaidkx .=Kh'
1' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia f,djq;=rd iqjh
msKsi wkqYdikd l< fyhskao fuf,dj w3⁄4:h msKsi
mrf,dj w3⁄4:h msKsi mrud3⁄4:h msKsi ks3⁄4jdKd3⁄4:h msKsi
wkqYdikd l< fyhskao i;a:d foajukqiaidkx jk fial'
2' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia ixidr
ldka;drfhka cd;s" crd" jHdê" urK" fidal" mßfoj"
ÿlaL foddaukiai" Wmdhdi rd." fodai fudayd§ tfldf<dia
.sks ksjQ fyhskao wkqYdikd l< fyhskao i;a:d
foajukqiaidkx jk fial'
3' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia laf,aI
ldka;drfhka ixidr ldka;drfhka tf;r jQ fyhskao
53
wkqYdikd l< fyhskao i;a:d foajukqiaidkx jk fial'
4' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia ksjkg muqKqjk
ixjrfhka isàu' úu;s isoñka" w3⁄4:h mK.kajñka"
w3⁄4:h úksÉPh lrñka m%;sm;a;sh fmkajñka" m%;sm;a;s
rih f.kfoñka" kQmka ksjka u`. Wmojñka" wkqkaf.a
ika;dkfhys ksjka uÕ Wmojñka fndai;=kag ksjka u`.
fmkajñka" újrK foñka" ;uka Wmojd .;a ksjka u`.
olsñka wkqkag WmÈk ksjka uÕ olsñka" fndai;=kag Wmka
ksjka uÕ olsñka Ydia;Dka jykafia ^;uka jykafia&
.uka .;a ksjka u`. wkqj Y%djlfhda ksjkg wkqj hjñka
wkqYdikd l< fyhskao" i;a:d foajukqiaidkx jk fial'
i;a:d foajukqiaidkx .=Kfhys wdksixih'
;:d.; Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia jkdys uq¿ ;=ka f,dalhgu tlu
wkqYdilhka jykafia njg m;a jQfha úsis wixLH l,am ,CIhla
nqÿ mfia nqÿ uyry;a wd§ W;=uka jykafia,df.a wjjdo wkqYdikd
,nd .;a ksid;a th tf<iu ms<smka ksid;a" m%;HCI jYfhka O3⁄4uh
wjfndaO lr.;a ksid;ah' wkqYdilhka jykafia kula njg m;a jQfha
fï Ôú;fhys u. M, ksjka wjfndaO lr .ekSug fya;= iïm;a we;s
whf.a woyig wkql+,j wkqYdikd l< fyhskao" fmr mska we;s ke;s
nj ±k.;a ksidh" ;%s fya;=l m%;sikaêhla ,nd kqjK ÈhqKq l< fkdl<
flfklaoehs ne¨ ksid;a" uÕ M, ksjka ,nkakg l3⁄4u laf,aYhkaf.ka
ndOdjla we;s ke;s nj f;areï .;a ksid;a ta mqoa.,hdf.a pß;hg
wkqj wkqYdikd l< yels ksid;a pß;hg wkqrEmj l3⁄4uia:dk f;dard
.; hq;= ksid;a fufia wka whg wkqYdikd lsÍfï ish¿ wx.hkaf.ka
f,dõ;=rd nqÿrcdKka jykafia fndai;a ld,fha;a wkqYdikd mj;ajd
f,djg fi; ie,iQ ksid;a fuf,dj ÈhqKqj msKsio" mrf,dj ÈhqKqj
msKsio fof,dj ÈhqKqj msKsi ksjka iqjh wjfndaO lr .ekSu msKsio
f,!lsl Ôú;fhys ÈhqKqj msKsio" f,daflda;a;r ÈhqKqj msKsio
wkqYdikd l< fyhskao" i;a:d foajukqiaidkx jk fial fï W;=ï
wkqYdil iïud iïnqÿrcdKka jykafia g uu kuialdr lrñ'
udf.a kuialdrh fõjd'æ
idOqæ idOqææ idOqæææ
nqoaO .+Kh ^ idrdxY w3⁄4:h&
54
1' zziajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykaiZZ æ Tn jykafia wd3⁄4h i;H
wjfndaO fldg wkHhkag wjfndaO lrjQ fyhskao" nqoaO
kï jk fial'
2 zziajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykaiZZ æ Tn jykafia ÿlaL i;Hh
wjfndaO fldg wkHhkag wjfndaO lrjQ fyhskao nqoaO
kï jk fial'
3 zziajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykaiZZ æ Tn jykafia iuqoh i;Hh
wjfndaO fldg m%ydKh l< fial wkHhkag wjfndaO
lrjd m%ydKh lrjq fial tfia fyhskao nqoaO kï jk
fial'
4 zziajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykaiZZ æ Tn jykafia ksfrdaO i;Hh
wjfndaO fldg" m%;HCI fldg wkHhkag wjfndaO lrjQ
fyhskao" nqoaO kï jk fial'
5 zziajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykaiZZ æ Tn jykafia ud3⁄4. i;Hh
wjfndaO fldg wkHhkag wjfndaO lrjQ fyhskao" nqoaO
kï jk fial'
06 zziajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykaiZZ æ Tn jykafia wnqoaê
keiQfyhskao nqoaê wjfndaO fldg wkHhkag wjfndaO l<
fyhskao" nqoaO kï jk fial'
nqoaO .=Kh'
1' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia p;=rd3⁄4h
i;Hh ;ukau wjfndaO lr wkHhkayg wjfndaO lrjQ
fyhska o" nqoaO kï jk fial'
2' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia ÿlaL i;Hh"
kdurEm O3⁄4uh ksrka;rfhkau fmf,k nj fya;=fjka
yg.;a nj tfldf<dia .skafkka ;efjk nj crd urKhg
fmrf<k nj" ms<sis| .;a fyhskao wka whg ms<sis|
55
wjfndaO lrjQ fyhskao" nqoaO kï jk fial'
3' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia iuqoh i;Hh
m%ydkh lr kdu rEm O3⁄4uhka ÿla Wmojk nj l3⁄4u /ia
lrk nj" ÿlg ksOdkh nj ÿflka neo ;nk nj" ksjkg
ndOd lrknj" wjfndaO l< fyhsskao wka whgo m%ydKh
lrjd wjfndaO lrjQ fyhskao nqoaO kï jk fial'
4 iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia ksfrdaO i;Hh
m%;HCI lr kdu rEm O3⁄4uhkaf.a kslauqK nj ialkaO
ÿlska wñY% nj fya;= O3⁄4uhkaf.ka yg fkd.;a nj"
urKhla ke;s nj wka whg m%;HCI lrjd wjfndaO l<
fyhskao nqoaO kï jk fial'
5' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia ud3⁄4. i;H
jevQ fyhskao" kdurEm jeäu jYfhka ksjkg kslafuk
nj ksjk wjfndaO lr.ekSug fya;= jk nj' ksjk
wruqKq fldg olsk nj" wkd: Ndjfhka wirK iir ÿla
kslaujd bka biqre nj wjfndaO l< fyhskao wka whg;a
ud3⁄4.h jvd wjfndaO l< fyhskao nqoaO kï jk fial'
6 iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia wdj3⁄4ckd l<
muKska ish,a, o;a fyhskao" wdj3⁄4ckhla ke;s fyhskao"
ish,a, úksúo o;a neúkao" ;uka jykafia úiskau
wjfndaO l< fyhskao" flf<ia kskafoka wjÈ jQ fyhskao"
isjqu. keKska ish¿ flf,ia CIh l< fyhskao" jdikd
iys; flf,ia ke;s fyhskao" nqoaO kï jk fial'
7 iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia ldu rd.h;a"
Nj rd.h;a" keiQ fyhskao" oafõIh keiQ fyhskao" ish¨
fudayh wúoHdj keiq fyhskao" ish¿ flf,iqka keiQ
fyhskao" iajhxN+[dKfhka ish¿ O3⁄4uhka wjfndaO l<
fyhskao" wka whg;a wjfndaO lrjQ fyhskao" nqoaO kï
jk fial'
nqfoOd mo.:d3⁄4:h'
56
nqfoOd;s flkgG nqfoOd
ljr w3⁄4:hlska nqoaO kï fõo @ tlk; ksflaf,fid;s nqfoOd
tldka;fhka kslaflf,is fyhska nqoaO kï fõ'
nqʯ;d ijjdkS;s nqfoOd
p;=iai;Hhka wjfndaO l< fyhska nqoaO kï fõ' tlk; u..x .f;d;s nqfoOd
taldhk ud3⁄4.fhys .sfhkqhs nqoaO kï fõ'
fndfO;d mcdhd;s nqfoOd
p;=iai;Hhka wkH i;a;ajhkag wjfndaO lrjk fyhska nqoaO tfld wkq;a;rx iuud ifundêx wNsiunqfoOd;s
kï fõ' nqfoOd
tl,dj iïud iïfndaêh wê.ukh l< fyhska nqoaO kï fõ'
iín[û;dh nqfoOd
ish,a, o;a fyhska nqoaO kï fõ' wnqoêúy;;;d nqoêmá,dNd nqfoOd'
wnqoaêh kid nqoaêh ,enQ fyhska nqoaO kï fõ'
inn oiidú;dh nqfoOd
ish,a, olakd fyhska nqoaO kï fõ' nqfoOd;s fk;x kdu ud;rd l;x k ms;rd l;x k
Nd;rd l;x k N.skh s d l;x'
wk[[fkhH;dh nqfoOd nqoaO hk kduh uj úiska fok ,oaola fkdj mshd úiska fok
wkHhka úiska wjfndaO lrúh hq;= fkdjk fyhska nqoaO kï ,oaola fkdj ifydaorhka úiska fok ,oaola ksid fkdj'
fõ' ifydaoßhka úisk fok ,oaola fkdfõ'

úiú;dh nqfoOd k ñ;;d ufppys l;x k [%;i

s df,dysf
s ;ys l;x
flf,ia kskafoka msì§ .;a fyhska nqoaO kï fõ' {d;s ys; ñ;%d§ka fok ,oaola fkdfõ'

ÇKdij ixLdf;k nqfoOd k iuK n%dyufkys l;x k foj;dys l;x

ldudoS wdY%jhka CIh l< fyhska nqoaO kï jk fial'
ksrEmf,i ixLdf;k nqfoOd'
Wmlaaf,aY úrys; fyhska nqoaO kï jk fial'
tlk; ú;rdf.d;s nqfoOd
tldka;fhka rd.h ÿre l< fyhska nqoaO kï fõ'
talk; ù;fodafid;s nqfoOd
taldka;fhka oafõYh ÿre l< fyhska nqoaO kï fõ'
tlk; ù; fudfyd;s nqfoOd'
taldka;fhka fudayh ÿre l< fyhska nqoaO kï fõ'
57
Y%uK n%dyauKhka úiska fyda foúhka úiska fok ,oaola
fkdfõ'
úfudCLk;sl fu;x nqoOdkx N.jk;dkx
fndêhduqf, iy iLL[û; [Kii má,dNd
ipðld m[a[k;s hÈox nqfoOd;s'
nqoaO hk kduh i3⁄4j{hka jykafiag w3⁄4y;a ud3⁄4. ixLHd;
úfudaCIhdf.a fl<jr ,nk i3⁄4j{;d {dkh ksid ,efnk
f.!rj kduhls' Nd.Hj;=ka jykafiag fndaê uq,fha§ i3⁄4j{;d
{dkh ,eîu ksñ;s fldg f.k ,efnk m%{ma;shls'
nqoaO .=Kfhys wdksixih'
;:d.; Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia wnqoaêh kid nqoaêh
58
wjfndaO l< fyhskao" wjfndaO l< O3⁄4ufhys i;H Ndjh
b;du;au jeo.;ah' ;uka jykafia i;H wjfndaO lrf.k"
wka whg;a wjfndaO lrjd fuu Nhdkl iißka i;a;ajhka
tf;r lrjqy' uiqre ñksfil= fodr cfk,a jidf.k wkqNj
lrkakdla fuka fkdj ;uka jykafia wjfndaO lr .;a
O3⁄4uh iÕjdf.k isáfha ke;' wjfndaO lr.;a O3⁄4uh
ufyda;aidyfhka fiiq foõ ñksiqkag fnod § O3⁄4uh wjfndaO
lrjd ksjkg muqKqjd Æy' ;uka jykafiaf.a O3⁄4ufhka msysg
,nd .ekSug n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjk iuyr wh iómhg f.dia
O3⁄4uh wjfndaO lr ÿka fial' uyd lmamsk rc;=ud we;=¿
msßig fhdÿka .Kka ÿr f.jd O3⁄4uh wjfndaO l<y' tu
O3⁄4ufhys ish¿ m%fNao iys;j úia;r iys;j fya;=M,
O3⁄4uhka okakd kqjKska wkqYdikd l< fyhskao" fya;=M,
O3⁄4uh wka whf.a is;a j,g ta;a;= .kajñka O3⁄4uh wka whg
wjfndaO l<y' fuu O3⁄4uhka f,dalhdg wjfndaO lrùu
i|yd ;uka jykafiaf.a wdihdkqih [dKh iy uyd lreKd
iudm;a;s [dKh msysg lrf.k wka i;a;ajhd fj; uy;a jQ
lreKdfjka wka whg O3⁄4uh wjfndaO lf<a wkHhkg O3⁄4uh
wjfndaO lrjd ksjkg muqKqjkakg;a" f,dj my< jQ tlu
W;a;uhka jykafia Nd.Hj;=ka jykafiauh' uu ta Nd.Hj;a
W;a;uhka jykafiag kuialdr lrñ" udf.a kuialdrh
fõjd'æ
f,dj n,d jodrK iïm;a;sh
iQúis fldaá jdr w3⁄4y;a M, iudm;a;sh' rEmdjpr OHdk 5"
wrEmdjpr OHdk 4 w3⁄4y;aM, iudm;a;shhs' 11 ksfrdaO
iudm;a;sh 12 uyd lreKd iudm;a;shhs' fuh w¨hï
ld,fha fodf<dia fldaá iudm;a;sjdrhhs' ijig fodf<dia
fldaá iudm;a;s jdrhhs' ojig iQúis fldaá iudm;a;s jdrhla
iujÈñka f,dj n,d jodrñka ;uka jykafia wjfndaO lr.;a
O3⁄4uh wka i;a;ajhkag wjfndaO fldg i;ajhka oukh fldg
nqoaO" Oïu" ix> r;akh irK hñkaa f,!lsl iudm;a;sfhkao"
iißka t;r lrjd f,daflda;a;r jYfhkao ksjkg m;a l<
fyhskao nqoaO kï jk fial'
N.jd .=Kh ^ idrdxY w3⁄4:h &
59
1 iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia iir mdró kï jQ
mqKH Nd.Hfhka iukakd.; jk fyhskao N.jd kï jk fial'
2 iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia ftYaphH_
Nd.Hfhka iukakd.; jk fyhska N.jd kï jk fial'
3 iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia O3⁄4u Nd.Hfhka
iukakd.; jk fyhska o" N.jd kï jk fial'
4 iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia hi Nd.Hfhka
o" iukakd.; jk fyhska N.jd kï jk fial'
5 iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia Y%S Nd.Hfhka
iukakd.; jk fyhska o" N.jd kï jk fial'
6 iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia m%h;ak
Nd.Hfhka iukakd.; jk fyhskao" N.jd kï jk fial'
7 iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia ldu Nd.Hfhka
iukakd.; jk fyhskao" N.jd kï jk fial'
N.jd .=Kh
1' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia w;s fY%aIG;u
f.!rjkSh .=K kdufhka hqla; jQ fyhska o" N.jd kï
jk fial'
2' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=kajykaiæ Tnjykafia fndaêiïNdr
O3⁄4uhkaf.a n,fhka" laf,aI" udr ialkaO udr" wNsixialdr
udr" ÈjH mq;% udr" uÉpq udr" m[ap udrhka ìo ±uq
fyhska o" N.jd kï jk fial'
3' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia ftYap3⁄4h"
O3⁄4u" hi" Y%S ldu" m%h;ak hk Nd.H O3⁄4uhkaf.ka
iukakd.; fyhska o" N.jd kï jk fial'
60
4' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia mrud3⁄4:
O3⁄4u jYfhka wdh;k" Od;=" bJøsh O3⁄4u" máÉp
iuqmamdo" wd3⁄4h i;H iQúis m%;H O3⁄4uhka fnod ±la jQ
fyhskao" N.jd kï jk fial'
5' iajdñsks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia W;a;Í;r ukqIH
O3⁄4uhka fnod ±la jQ fyhskao ldh úfõl' Ñ;a; úfõl" Wmê
úfõl" ÈjH úydr" n%yau úydr" wd3⁄4h úydr" iq[[; úfudCL"
wksñ;a; úfudlaL" wmamKsys; úfudlaL" O3⁄4uh wjfndaO l<
fyhska o" N.jd kï jk fial'
6' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia Nj.dó mqk3⁄4Njh
keiq fyhskao N.jd kï jk fial'
7' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia i3⁄4j iïmQ3⁄4Kj mqreÿ
lrk ,o ldh Ndjkd" iS, Ndjkd" Ñ;a; Ndjkd" m%{d Ndjkd
ukdj jevQ fyhskao N.jd kï jk fial'
8 iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia isjq mi m%;H,dNs
fyhska N.jd kï jk fial'
9 iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia f,dflda;a;r M,
iïmhqla; iS,fhka hqla; jQ fyhska o" wê iS," wê Ñ;a;" wê
m%{d" fyhska o p;=F: OHdk,dNS fyhskao fu;a;d' lreKd"
uqÈ;d" WfmaCLd,dNS jk fyhskao i;r wrEm iudm;a;s,dNS jk
fyhskao" N.jd kï jk fial'
10 iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia wdkdmdk i;s OHdk
,dNs lñkao" w3⁄4: ri" Oïu ri" úuqla;s ri ,dNS neúkao" N.jd
kï jk fial'
11' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia wIaG úfudCIhkaf.ka
o" wÜG wNsNdh;k jYfhkao" ish¨u iudm;a;s jYfhkao"
ksfrdaO iudm;a;s ,dNs jk fyhskao" N.jd kï jk fial'
12' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafia oi i[a[d" oiwiqN"
oilisK" oiwkqiai;s" oin,[dk" p;= úidro {dk" p;=
61
máiïNsod [dK iÎ wNs[a[d" wÜGdri" nqoaO .=K" [dKd§
.=Kfhka iukakd.; jk fyhskao" N.jd kï jk fial'
N.jd .=Kfhys wdksixi
;:d.; Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia hkak f.!rj
iïmhqla;ju fhfok f.!rj kdu úfYaIhls' flfkl=ka
úiska ;nk ,o kduhla fkdfjhs' mqKH iïNdrhkaf.a
n,fhka fndaê uQ,fha§ w3⁄4y;a ud3⁄4. ixLHd; úuqla;s iqjh
,enQ wjia:dfõ ,nk ,o f.!rj kduhls' tfiau wfkal
wdldrfhka fkdfhla wdldrfhka j3⁄4Kkd l< yels f.!rjdkaú;
jpkhls' w;s fY%aIaG w;s W;a;u nj ±laùu i`oyd lrk
kduhls' foúfhdao" n%yaufhdao" .re nqyquka lrñka nqÿ isßmd
jekaody' fuh nqÿrcdKka jykafiaf.a W;=ï jQ iS,d§ mqKH
iïNdr O3⁄4uhkaf.a n,fhks' b;d Wiia iDên, wglska
;:d.;hka jykafia b;du Wiiah' ;:d.;hka jykafiaf.a
YÍrh l=vd l< yelsh' wn weghla ;=< wIag mßlaldr Orj
i;r bßhõ meje;aúh yelsh' ñksfil=f.a weia msh frdauhl
;rï l=vd ;ekl ilauka l< yelsh' úYd, jYfhka ila foõ rc
;=udf.a mdKavqlïn, ffY,dikfhys úYd,;ajhg YÍrh úYd,
l< yel' È.ska yeg fhdÿkla m<, mkia fhdÿkla >Klñka
myf<dia fhdÿkla È. m<, we;s wdikfhys jev isàug
;rï YÍrh úYd, l< nj wNsO3⁄4u foaYkdfõ i`oyka fõ'
iDâ n,fhka iukakd.;hs' hi ls3⁄4;sh msßjr iïm;a;sfhka
hqla;hs' wkka; {dk iïm;a;shlska hqla;hs' rEm iïm;a;sfhka
hqla;hs' ish¿u fokdf.a m%d3⁄4:kd uqÿka m;a lr fokafkah'
fujeks W;=ï N.jd .=Kfhka hqla; jQ' Nd.Hj;=ka jykafiag
uu kuialdr lrñ udf.a kuialdrh fõjd æ'
idOqæ idOqææ idOqæææ
oyï .=K - Oïudkqiai;s Ndjkdj'
62
 Y%S ioaO3⁄4u r;akfha n,h b;du jeo.;ah'
m%;sm;a;s O3⁄4uh m%Odk jkafkah mßhmaa;sfhka m%;sm;a;shg"
m%;sm;a;sfhka m%;sfõOhg" m%;sfõOfhka u.M, ksjka
wjfndaOhg fya;= fõ' f,daflda;a;r ud3⁄4.hkaf.a n,h hgm;a
l< flf,ia kej; kQmÈkafkah fidajdka ud3⁄4. {dkfhka"
wd;au wglg iir flá fldg ilDod.dó ud3⁄4.fhka ´,dßl
flf,ia hgm;a fldg wkd.dó ud3⁄4.fhka kej; ldu f,dalhg
fkdhk fyhskao" w3⁄4y;a ud3⁄4.fhka ish¿ Njfhka ksoyia jk
fyhskao" iißka tf;r ùug tlu ud3⁄4.h O3⁄4u ud3⁄4.hu nj
isysm;a l< hq;=h'
tl Ofuud yslLfj Ndúf;d nyq,l
s f;d tlk;
ksLÅodh" tlk; úrd.dh" ksfrdaOdh" Wmiudh"
wNs[[dh" ifundOdh ksnndkdh ixj;;;s l;fud
tl Ofuud Ouudkqii;s whx fLd yslLfõ tl Ofuud
Ndúf;d nyq,l s f;d tlk; ksnìodh tlk; úrd.dh"
ksfrdaOdh Wmiudh wNs[[dh ixj;;;s'
uysfKksæ tlu O3⁄4uhla Ndjkdjla jYfhka jvk
,oafoa" fndfyda fldg jvk ,oafoa l<lsÍu msKsi" ksùu ixis§u
msKsi" yd;amiska ±kSu msKsi" wjfndaOh ksjk msKsiu mj;S'
ljr kï tlu O3⁄4uhlao" Oïudkqiai;shhs fuh ksjka iem
msKsiu WmldÍ fõ'
f,dj my< jk ish¿u nqÿrcdKka jykafia,d iEu
Ydikhlu tlu f,i foaYkd lrk O3⁄4uh Y%S ioaO3⁄4u r;akhhs'
m3⁄4hdma;s O3⁄4uh yd kj f,daflda;a;r O3⁄4uhhs' Nd.Hj;=ka
jykafia fndaêi;aj Ôú;h wdrïN lrk ,oafoa úis wixLH
l,am ,CIhlg u;af;ys isg fndaê uKav,h olajd mqrk ,o
mdrñ Yla;sfhys n,fhka tod oUÈj nqoaO.hd Y=oaO N+ñfha§
ch Y%S uy fnda uev§ wjfndaO fldg jod<d jQ imßhdma;sl
kj f,daflda;a;r Y%S ioaO3⁄4u r;akh uq," ueo" w. hym;a
jk fyhskao" w3⁄4: iïmkak jH[ack iïmkak i3⁄4j iïmQ3⁄4K
iqmßY=oaO Ydik n%yaup3⁄4hdj m%ldY jk fyhskao ijdlaLd;
wd§ .=Kfhka iukakd.; Y%S ioaO3⁄4u r;akh i3⁄4jm%ldrfhka
wjfndaO l< wjqreÿ mkaid,sia jila uq¿,af,a ta ta ;ekaj,§
foaYkd l< nqoaO jpkh mßhdma;s O3⁄4uh kï fõ' i;r
63
wmdfhka w; ñ§u i`oyd foõ ñksia iem yd ksjkaiem ,eîu
i`oyd msßh hq;= O3⁄4uh Ydiksl m%;sm;a;s O3⁄4uhhs' .syshka
úiska Tjqkag iqÿiq mßÈ meúoaoka úiska Tjqkag iqÿiq mßoafokao
ms<sfj;a msßh yelsh' w3⁄4h ud3⁄4. i;r iy M, O3⁄4uhka i;r
iy ks3⁄4jdKh kj f,daflda;a;r O3⁄4uh m%;sfõO O3⁄4uh kï
fõ'
;jo" nqÿka jod, O3⁄4uh jYfhka úkh msglh" iQ;%
msglh' wNsO3⁄4u msglh" hhs msgl jYfhka ;%súO fjhs'
tl yd iudk ,CIK we;s nqoaO jpk iuQyh jYfhka .;a
l,ays msgl kï fjhs' úkh msglh fldgia 05lska hqla;hs'
iQ;% msglh ksldh jYfhka fldgia 05lska hqla;hs' wNsO3⁄4u
msglh fldgia 7lska hqla;hs' ialkaO jYfhka iqjdiq oyila
we;'^84000& tl wkqikaêhla we;s fldgia tl ialkaOhls'
úkh msglh ialkaO jYfhka úis tla oyils' iq;% msglh
ialkaO jYfhka úis tla oyils' wNsO3⁄4u msglh ialkaO
jYfhka y;<sia fooyils' hk wd§ jYfhka kjf,daflda;a;r
O3⁄4uh jYfhka fidajdka wd§ ud3⁄4. i;r M, i;r iy
ks3⁄4jdKh kj f,daflda;a;r O3⁄4uhhs'
O3⁄4uh hkqfjka i`oyka lrkafka zzw;a;dkx
Odfrfk; p;=iq wmdfhiq jgg ÿflL iq p wm;udfk
lFjd Odfr;s;s OfuudZZ O3⁄4uh ±Ífï w3⁄4:fhka i;r
wmdhg fkdjeà iir ÿlg jefgkakg fkd§ /lSuh' O3⁄4uh
orkakjqka i;r wmdhg;a iir ÿlg;a jefgkakg fkd§
wdrCId flf3⁄4 hk w3⁄4:hhs'
fujeks w3⁄4:hlska iukakd.; O3⁄4uhla ukdj wjfndaO
lr .ekSu b;du;a .eUqreh' ±lSug b;d wmyiqh' wjfndaO
lr.ekSu;a b;d ÿIalrh' tjeks O3⁄4uhla wudrefjka jQj;a"
ÿIalr jQj;a wjfndaO lr .kafka kï b;du;a hym;ah'
b;du;au ñysßh b;du;au iekiqï iys;h' i;H O3⁄4uh
wjfndaOh b;du;a ñysßh' O3⁄4uh ms<smeÈh hq;= wjia:dfõ
mgka wdksixi ±lsh yels O3⁄4uhls' ms<smÈkakdg tu
fudfydf;au úmdl ,nd.; yels O3⁄4uhls' úmdlh wdksixih
uq," ueo" w. lshk wjia:dj,§ ,nd.; yelsh' fuu
64
Ôú;fha§u ;ud úiska u ;u ika;dkfha§u m%;HCI lr.;
hq;= ikaoDIaál O3⁄4uhls' M,h f.k §ug fumuK hhs
ld,hla ke;s fyhska wld,sl kï fõ' hï flfkla O3⁄4uh
ms<smeo M, úmdl ks3⁄4Nhj lsj yels fyhska taysmiaisl kï
fõ' ;udf.a isf;ys t<Ujd .; yels msysgqjd .; yels O3⁄4uh
fyhskao z´mkhslz fõ' [dKjka;hka úsiska m%;HCI lr .;
hq;= O3⁄4uh fyhska mÉp;a;x fõÈ ;ífnda kï fõ' fï jdf.a
W;=ï .=Kfhka hq;= O3⁄4uhla Ydikfhys nqÿrcdKka jykafia
úiska foaYkd lr i;a;ajhkaf.a is;a j, flf,ia .sks ksjd,sug
iu3⁄4: jk O3⁄4uhla nj wm úiska m%;HCI lr .; hq;=h'
Ouu moh ÿgq l,ays" iEu ;ekl§u tlu w3⁄4:hla fkdf.k
iqÿiq ;ekg .e<fmk fia iqÿiq w3⁄4:h .; yels O3⁄4uhls'
;%smsgl O3⁄4ufhys O3⁄4uh hkq fkdfhla w3⁄4:hka f.k
yer ±lafjk W;=ï oyï mohls' th w3⁄4: ú.%yh wkqj m%Odk
fldgia jYfhka .=K jYfhka 6lg fnod fjka lr we;' ta
w3⁄4:h fldg ieflúka fyda ±kf.k O3⁄4udkql+, Ôú;hla .;
lsÍfuka fuf,dj mrf,dj ÈhqKqj i`oyd;a ksj_dK .dñKS ud3⁄4.h
meyeÈ,s lr .ekSu msKsi;a ish¨ fokdgu WmldÍ fõjdæ'
iajdlLd; .=Kh ^idrdxY w3⁄4:h&
1 iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh ukd f,i foaYkd l< fyhska mßhdma;s O3⁄4uh
iajdlaLd; kï jk fial'
2 iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh Y%jKfhkau hym; f.k fok fyhska o" wd§
l,HdK" uÊf® l,HdK mßfhdaidk l,HdK" jk fyhska
o" ijdlaLd; kï jk fial'
3' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh mßhdma;s" m%;sm;a;s" m%;sfõO hk fyhskao"
ijdlaLd; kï jk fial'
4' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh YS, iudê" m%{d iïm;a;sfhka mßmQ3⁄4K;ajfhka
65
hqla; jk fyhskao" iajdlaLd; kï jk fial'
5 iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh w3⁄4: iïm;a;sfhka yd iqmßY=oaO wd3⁄4h n%yau
p3⁄4hdfjka hqla; jk fyhska o" O3⁄4uh ijdlaLd; kï jk
fial'
6' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh wka;oajh j3⁄4ð; uOHu m%;smodfjka .uka .;a
fyhskao" ijdlaLd; kï jk fial'
7' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh wd3⁄4h ud3⁄4.fhka fidajdka" ilDod.dó" wkd.dñ"
w3⁄4y;a" ud3⁄4.fhka hqla; jk fyhskao" ijdlaLd; kï jk
fial'
8' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh fya;= m%;Hfhka ilia fkdlrk ,o ks3⁄4jdKh ta
iajNdjfhkau jod< fyhskao" ijdlaLd; kï jk fial'
iajdlLd; .=Kh'
1' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S
ioaO3⁄4u r;akh ukdj foaYkd l< fyhska fuu O3⁄4uh
wka;rdhlh fï O3⁄4uh ffkhH_dKslh O3⁄4ufha iajNdjh
fkdblaujk fyhskao f,daflda;a;r ksjkg wkqrEmjk
fyhska o" Y%S ioaO3⁄4u r;akh ijdlaLd; kï jk fial'
2' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh uq," ueo" w. hym;a fyhskao iQ;% ksOdkh"
foaYkdj" ks.ukh wdÈfhkao m%:u wkqikaêfhka w.
wkqikaêfhka ueo fiiq wkqikaê j,skao" fjfkhH
mqoa.,hskag wkqrEm jk fyhskao" fkdfmfkk w3⁄4: we;s
fyhskao" WodyrK iys; jk fyhskao" ckhdg Y%oaOdj
Wmojk fyhskao" O3⁄4uh Y%jKh lsÍfukao"úIalïNkfhkao"
wd§ l<HdKh iu: úmiaikd iem m%;sm;a;sfhka o" ufc®
66
 l<HdKh" m%;sm;a;s M,fhka mßfhdidkfhka hqla; jQ
fyhskao Y%S ioaO3⁄4u r;akh ijdlaLd; kï jk fial'
3' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh mßh;a;s jYfhka Wf.kSu" ±Íu" W.ekaùu"
iÊ®dhkd lsÍu' fufkys lsÍu jYfhka mqyqKq l<
hq;=hs' úkh iQ;%" wNsO3⁄4u ;%smsgl O3⁄4uh mßh;a;shhs'
is," iudodk" OQ;x. iudodkh" iu: úmiaikd wd§
i;a;sia fndaê mdCIsl O3⁄4u jYfhka ms<smeÈh hq;= u.
m%;sm;a;s ud3⁄4.hhs' OHdk" iudê" iudm;a;s ;%s úoHd p;=
máiïNsod IÜ wNs[d" ud3⁄4. M, ks3⁄4jdK wê.ukh
m%;sfõo O3⁄4uhhs' tfia fyhska l<hq;= m%;sfõo l<hq;=
fyhskao" Y%S ioaO3⁄4u r;akh ijdlaLd; kï jk fial'
4' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh iS, iïmod jYfhka wLKav úðoaO win,"
wl,a udi" N=msiai" ú[a[mi;a;" wmrduÜG" iudê
ixj;a;ksl wd§fhka msßisÿ jQ fyhskao p;= mdßY=oaê
YS,fhka iukakd.; jk fyhskao" Wmpdr" w3⁄4mKd" wIag
iudm;a;s iy iq;uh {dkfha mgka w3⁄4y;a ud3⁄4. M,
m%{dj olajd iïmQ3⁄4K jQ fyhska o" Y%S ioaO3⁄4u r;akh
ijdlaLd; kï jk fial'
5' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh iS, idudê uQ,O3⁄4u fyhskao" úo3⁄4Ykd ud3⁄4.
fol uOH O3⁄4uh fyhska o" M, O3⁄4u yd ks3⁄4jdKh w.
O3⁄4u jQ fyhskao" O3⁄4uh Y%jKh fldg ms<smkakdjqka
úiska wê.ukh l<hq;= wNsiïfndaêfhkao" m%f;Hl
fndaêfhkao" Y%djl fndaêfhkao" hqla; jQ fyhskao" Y%S
ioaO3⁄4u r;akh ijdlaLd; kï jk fial'
6' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh w3⁄4: iïm;a;s" jHd[ack iïm;a;s" ixlafIamfhka
lSu" m%:ufhka lSu úia;r lsÍu" kej; kej; lSu jv
jvd;a úia;r lsÍu jvd;a úia;r lsÍu Y%jKh lrkakkaf.a
i;=g jeä ùu" wCIr úNla;s" jH[ack mo iuQyhlskao
67
iEfok jdlH w3⁄4: ks3⁄4foaY" w3⁄4: ksrela;s w3⁄4: m%;sfõO
.ïNSr;djfhka id3⁄4:l w3⁄4:h we;=<;a l< hq;= w3⁄4:hla
ke;s fyhskao" ish,a, iïmQ3⁄4Kh bj;a l< hq;= wmsßisÿ
hula ke;s fyhskao" iqmßY=oaOhs' iS, iudê m%{d ;%S
YsCIdj iys; wd3⁄4h ud3⁄4.h ud3⁄4. n%yauphH_djh ueÿï
ms<sfj;ska ud3⁄4. M, wjfndaOh f,daflda;a;r M, ixis§u
we;af;ah' th ukdj jod< fyhskao Y%S ioaO3⁄4u r;akh
ijdlaLd;kï jk fial'
7' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.aa Y%S ioaO3⁄4u r;akh
fya;= m%;Hfhka ilia fkdlrk ks3⁄4jdKh iajNdjfhkau jod<
fyhskao Y%S ioaO3⁄4u r;akh ijdlaLd; kï jk fial'
ijdlaLd; .=Kfhys wdksixi'
;:d.; Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia f.a O3⁄4uh jkdyS úYsIag
[dKfhka ±k ukd fia jodrK ,o ;uka jykafia m%;HCI
jYfhkau ±k f.ku foaYkd lr;s' fya;= O3⁄4u we;sju foaYkd
lr;s' fya;= O3⁄4u fkd±k foaYkd fkdlr;s' úreoaO O3⁄4uhka
neyer lsÍfï fÉ;kdfjkau fya;= iys;ju foaYkd lr;s'
flfkl=g fndre fkdl< yels O3⁄4uhls' O3⁄4uh mru i;H
fyhska uq," ueo" w. ;=ka ;eku wvqjla ke;s fyhskao" ilia l<
hq;= fohla ke;s fyhskao" neyer l< hq;= fohla ke;s fyhskao"
wmdh ÿla" iir ÿla ke;s lrk fyhskao" ms<sme§fukau f,!lsl
f,daflda;a;r O3⁄4uhka wjfndaO l< yels fyhskao" iajdlaLd; kï
jk fial' O3⁄4uh flfrys myka jQ is;ska O3⁄4uh weiQ muKskau foõ
ñksia iem ,enQ ;sßika i;=ka jYfhka isg foõ f,dj Wmo uKavql
foaj mq;%hd O3⁄4uhg idOqldr § uy;a wkqiia ta Ôú; ;=<§u ,nd
f.k we;' O3⁄4uh ms<sme§fuka fudk ;rï wdksixihla ,efnhso
th ms<sme§fuka ksjka iqjh wjfndaO lr .ekSu i`oyd Wmldr
jk O3⁄4ufhys uq, ueo w. hk ijdlaLd; .=Khg uu kuialdr
lrñ' udf.a kuialdrh fõjd'æ
idOqæ idOqææ idOqæææ
iJÈgÀl .=Kh ^idrdxY w3⁄4:h&
68
1' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh ;uka úiskau fï Ôú;fha§u iajW;aidyfhkau
m%;HCI l<hq;= O3⁄4uhla fyhska iJÈgÀl kï jk fial'
2' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh ;u ;ukaf.a ijlSh ika;dkfhys rd.dê
laf,aYhka m%ydKh lsÍu jYfhka wd3⁄4h ud3⁄4.h ±l .;
hq;= fyhskao" iJÈÜÀl kï jk fial'
3' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh hï flfkl=ka úiska wjfndaO lrk ,oafoa kï wkqka
weoySfuka f;drj ;u ;ukaf.a m%;HfjCId {dkfhka
±k .; yels fyhskao" iJÈáÀl kï jk fial'
4' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh hï flfkl= úiska wjfndaO lrk ,oafoa kï
;ukagu ud3⁄4. iïm%hqla; jQ ikaoDIaÀfhka flf,iqkaf.ka
ch ,nkafka kqhs iJÈáÀl kï jk fial'
5 iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh hï flfkl=ka úiska m%;HCI lf<a kï ukdj ±lSu
jYfhka f,daflda;a;r wd3⁄4h ud3⁄4. O3⁄4uh NdjkdNsiuh
jYfhka ±lSfuka iJÈÜÀl kï jk fial'
6' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh ;u ;ukaf.a iajlSh ika;dkh ;=< ÈhqKq lr
.ekSu jYfhka ^iõðlsßhdNss iuh & jYfhka isf;ys
my< lr .ekSu jYfhka m%;HCI lr .ekSu jYfhka
iJÈáÀl kï jk fial'
iJÈáÀl .=Kh'
1' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh fuf,dj Ôú;fha§ u iajlSh ika:dkfhys
flf,iqka ke;s lrk fyhska ;ud úiskau ±lsh hq;=
O3⁄4uhla jk fyhskao" iJÈáÀl kï fõ'
69
2 iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh flf,iqka ke;s lrk ksid ÿla fodïkia jO
fõokdjka msKsi fkdmj;skafkah' tfia fyhskao"
ikaÈáÀl kï jk fial'
3' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh kj f,dõ;=re f,daflda;a;r O3⁄4uh hï flfkl=f.a
iajlSh ika:dkfhys wê.; jQfha kï ;ukagu m%;HfõCId
{dkfhka ;ud úiskau o; yels ksid iJÈáÀl kï jk
fial'
4 iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh iJÈáÀh" iJÈáfhkau Èkkafka kï" hk fyhska
iJÈáÀl kï jk fial'
5' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh iir Nh kj;ajkafkakqhs iißka tf;r
jkafkakqhs" iißka Èkkafkakqhs" O3⁄4uh m%;HCI lrkafka
kqhs iJÈÜÀl kï jk fial'
idkaøDIaál .=Kfhys wdksixi'
;:d.; Nd.Hj;=ka jykafiaf.a" O3⁄4uh jkdys
NdjkdNsiuh jYfhka O3⁄4uh ;u is;skau ±l .ekSfukao"
iÉðlsßhdNsiuh jYfhka ;u isf;ys my< lr .ekSfukao"
wik" ork' isyslrk iEu flfkl=gu fYdal Nh wdÈh ÿre
ù wdhqrdfrda.H iem iïm;a ,eìfï fuu W;=ï Yla;sh msß;a
foaYkdfjys úfYaIfhkau fuf,dj §u ,efnk wdksixihhs'
r;k iQ;%h foaYkd lrk fjf,au ;=ka ìh ÿre ùu" ffu;%S
iq;%fhka NsCIQkag wukqIH Nh ÿre ùu" Oc.a. iQ;%fhka
urK Nh ÿre ùu buy;a fYdalfhka Wu;= jQ mgdpdrdj oyï
weiSfuka iqjm;a ùu' ilafoõ rcqf.a wdhqIh f.ùfuka we;s
jQ Nh nqÿrcdKka jykafiaf.ka O3⁄4uh wid kej; wdhqIh
§3⁄4> ùu' odk iS," Ndjkd m%;sm;a;sfhka fndfyda ckhdg
m%shùu" fuf,dju ,efnk ixoDIaál úmdlhhs' m%;sm;a;s ldñ
mqoa.,hd i;a mqreIhkau weiqre lrhs' ta fuf,dj ,efnk
70
wdksixihhs' ;jo lS3⁄4;shla ,nhs' ks3⁄4Ns;ju f;acdkaú;j
fidïkiska lgh;= lrhs' fujeks wdksixi fuf,dj§u
,efnk iJoDIaál úmdlhs' fuu W;=ï .=Khg uu kuialdr
lrñ' udf.a kuialdrh fõjd'
idOqæ idOqææ idOqæææ
wld,sl .=Kh ^idrdxY w3⁄4:h'&
1' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh ;u ;uka ms<smkakd jQ O3⁄4uhg wkqj ;ukag
,efnk M, úmdlh f.k Èug ld,hla ke;af;akqhs
wld,sl kï jk fial'
2' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.aa Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh ;u ;uka ms<smÈkakd jQ O3⁄4uhg úmdlh f.k
§ug ld, mßÉfþohla ke;af;aah' i;s udi wjqreÿ
l,amd§ jYfhka ld,hla ke;' ;ukaf.a ika;dkfhys
W;amdo" À;s" Nx. jYfhka CIK;%hg wk;=reju M,
f.k fok fyhskao" wld,sl kï jk fial'
3' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh fidajdka ilDod.dñ" wkd.dó" w3⁄4y;a ud3⁄4.
Ñ;a;hdf.a Nx.CIKhg wk;=reju M, úmdl f.k
fok fyhskao" fidajdka" ilDod.dó" wkd.dó w3⁄4y;a M,
Ñ;a;hka my< jk fyhskao wld,sl kï jk fial'
4' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.aa Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh wksñ;a; wmmKsys;" iq[a[;" hk O3⁄4uhkag
wk;=reju M, úmdl f.k fok fyhskao" ksjk wjfndaO
lr fok fyhskao" wld,sl kï jk fial'
5' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh i;a;sia fndaêmdCIsl O3⁄4uhka ksñ;s fldg
wk;=reju M, úmdlhka f.k fok fyhskao" wld,sl kï
jk fial'
71
6 iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh ialkaO wdh;k Od;= O3⁄4uhg wk;=reju M,
úmdl ,efnk fyhskao wld,sl kï jk fial'
7' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh f,daflda;a;r Miai" fõokd" i[a[d" fÉ;kd
Ñ;a;hkag wk;=reju M, úmdl ,efnk fyhskao"
wld,sl kï jk fial'
wld,sl .=Kh
1' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.aa Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh wld,sl M, úmdl f.ka fokafkah' W;amdo" À;s"
Nx." CIK;%hg wk;=rej M, úmdl ,efnk fyhska o"
wld,sl kï jk fial'
2' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u r;akh"
fidajdka" ilDod.dó" wkd.dó" w3⁄4y;a ud3⁄4.hkg wk;=reju
M, Ñ;a;h my< jk fyhskao wld,sl kï jk fial'
3' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh iq[a[;" wksñ;a;" wmamKsys;" jYfhka ksjka
wruqfKys M, úmdl wld,sl jk fyhskao" Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh wld,sl kï jk fial'
4' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.aa Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh foaYkd ú,di jYfhka" ud3⁄4.dx. yd M, wg
jYfhka" ud3⁄4. Ñ;a;hka jYfhka" tald.%;djh jYfhkao"
Y%S ioaO3⁄4u r;akh wld,sl kï jk fial'
5' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh ud3⁄4. Ñ;a;fha§" i;smÜGdkh" i;r iuHla
ù3⁄4hh" i;r iDêmdo" m[ap bJøsh" m[ap n," ima;
fndÊ®x. ud3⁄4. is;g ,efnk fyhskao" ioaO3⁄4u r;akh
wld,sl kï jk fial' 72
 .=Khg uu kuialdr lrñ' udf.a kuialdrh fõjd'
6' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh i;r ud3⁄4. i;Hhg i;Hhehso" ud3⁄4.dx. wgu idOqæ idOqææ idOqæææ
iu: hehso" i;r ud3⁄4.h i;r wmdfhka f.dv .kakd
fyhskao" rdYS w3⁄4:fhka i;r ud3⁄4.hgu ialkaO hkqfjka
o" i;r ud3⁄4.hg wdh;k hhso i;rud3⁄4.hg Od;= hehso"
i;r ud3⁄4.hg u wdydr jYfhka o" i;r ud3⁄4.hg Miai
hehso" i;r ud3⁄4.hg u fidukiai WfmCId hehso"
i;r ud3⁄4.hgu i[a[j kñkao fÉ;kdj ud3⁄4. Ñ;a;h
ksñ;s fldg i;r ud3⁄4.hg wk;=rej M, úmdl ,efnk
fyhskao" Y%S ioaO3⁄4u r;akh wld,sl kï jk fial'

wld,sl .=Kfhys wdksixi'

;:d.; Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia f.a O3⁄4uh wld,sl
fyhska ta fj,dfõ§u laIK;%hg wk;=reju iukka;r
^w;rla kEru& M, úmdl ,efnkafkah' m%ldYs; O3⁄4ufhys
wld,sl .=K we;af;ah' f,daflda;a;r ud3⁄4.M, Ñ;a;hkaf.a
úfYaI jYfhka we;af;ah' fidajdka ud3⁄4. M, wd§ jYfhka
fmfkhs' fidajdka ud3⁄4. Ñ;a;h iu`.u ilaLdhÈÜÀ" úÑlsÉPd
is,ín; mrdudi" hk ixfhdack O3⁄4ufhda ta wjia:dfõ§u
iy uq,ska ÿre fj;s' i;r wmdfha bme§ug isÿfjk
ish¿u mdm l3⁄4u ÿre fjkafkah' f,daN iy.; ÈÜÀ.;
iïm%hq;a; is;a 4 ÿrefjhs' úmamhq;a; is;a y;frys wmdh.dó
Ndjh ke;sfjhs' ilDod.dó ud3⁄4.fhka ldurd." má> is;a
foflys ´,dßl iajNdjh ke;s lrhs' ldu f,dalhg tla jrla
meñfKhs wkd.dó ud3⁄4.fhka iïmQ3⁄4Kfhka ldu f,dalfhka
fjka fõ' iqoaOdjdi f,dalfhys bm§ 5 ^mia& wdldrhlska
ksjka wjfndaO lrhs' w3⁄4y;ajfhka rEmrd." wrEmrd." udk"
WoOÉP wõÊcd iïmq3⁄4Kfhka wld,sl úmdlhka ÿre lrhs'
ilDod.dó" wkd.dó" w3⁄4y;a ud3⁄4.hkag wk;=reju M, úmdlh
,efnkafkah' f,!lsl Ôú;fha§ tu wld,sl úmdl tla;rd
m%udKhlska ,efnkafka iiqfkys uyK ùu tla;rd l%uhl
wld,sl úmdlhls' hï mdm l%shdjlska mdm jpkhlska mdm tysmiaisl .+Kh ^ idrdxY w3⁄4:h &
is;sú,a,lska fjka ùu tla;rd wld,sl úmdlhls' f,!lsl
Ôú;h tla;rd m%udKhlska ,enqj;a f,daflda;a;r úmdlh 1' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
wld,sl jYfhkau ,efnkafka73 h' fuu O3⁄4ufhys wld,sl 74
 r;akh úOdkhg iqÿiq w3⁄4:h we;af;ahehs fyhska
tysmiaisl kï jk fial'
2' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh f,dj úoHdudk fyhskao b;d msßisÿ w3⁄4: we;s
fyhskao tysmiaisl kï jk fial'
3' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a
Y%S ioaO3⁄4u r;akh j,dmg,hlska ñÿKq mqkai`o u`v, fuka
f,dj úoHdudk jk fyhskao" tysmiaisl kï jk fial'
4' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh cd;s rx. udKslH r;akhla fuka b;du;au msßisÿ
jk fyhskao" tj n,jhs mejiQ fyhskao" tysmiisl kï
jk fial'
5' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh iS," iudê" m%{d" úuqla;s" úuqla;s [dK o3⁄4Yk
iïm;a;sfhka hqla; jk fyhskao" tysmiaisl kï jk
fial'
6' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh is," Ñ;a; ÈÜÀ" l`Oldú;rK" u.a.d u.a."
mámod {dk oiaik" {dk oiaik" wd§ i;a; úY=oaê
O3⁄4uhkaf.ka hqlal jk fyhskao" tysmiaisl kï jk
fial'
7 iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a i;r iuHla
m%Odk i;r i;smÜGdk" i;r iDoaêmdo" m[ap bJøsh"
m[ap n," ima; fndÊ®x." wd3⁄4h wIaGdx.sl ud3⁄4.h
hk wdÈfhka hqla; jk fyhskao tysmiaisl kï jk
fial'
taysmiaisl .=Kh
75
1' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh úOdkhg iÿiq jQ fyhskao tysmiaisl kï jk
fial'
2' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S
ioaO3⁄4u r;akh is, iïmodfjka" iudê iïmodfjka"
m%{d iïmodfjka" úuqla;s iïmodfjka" úuqla;s ×k
iïmodfjka hqla; jk fyhskao tysmiaisl kï jk fial'
3' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.aa Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh iS, úY=oaê" Ñ;a; úY=oaO" ÈáÀ úY=oaê" l`vld
ú;rK úY=oaê" u.a.d u.a. [dK oiaik úY=oaê"
mámod [dK oiaik úY=oaê" [dK oiaik úY+oaê wd§
i;a; úY=oaêfhka hqla; jQ fyhska o" tysmiiaisl kï jk
fial'
4' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh i;r i;smÜGdk" i;riDoaêmdo" i;r iuHla
m%Odk m[ap bJøsh" m[ap n," ima; fndÊ®x." wd3⁄4h
wIaGdx.sl ud3⁄4.h hk O3⁄4uhkaf.ka hqla; jQ fyhska o"
tysmiaisl kï jk fial'
5' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh ud3⁄4. M, O3⁄4uhkaf.ka hqla; jQ fyhskao"
urKhla ke;s ;DIaKdj blau jQ ks3⁄4jdK Od;=j tysmiaisl
kï jk fial'
tysmiaisl .=Kfhys wdksixih'
;:d.; Nd.Hj;=ka jykafiaf.a O3⁄4uhs jkdys fuys
tj n,j hhs lsh hq;af;a úOdkh l< hq;af;a úoHudk foauh
msßisÿ wyfia mif<diajl od pkaøhd úoHdudkh' r;= m,i
u; ;snQ udKslH úoHudkh tfia f,dõ;=rd O3⁄4uh úoHudkh'
tfia fyhska tysmiaisl .=Kfhys jákdlu m%;sm;a;s
mqrkakdg lsj yelsh' m<uq fldgu fidajdka wd§ ud3⁄4. M,
,enQ whg ta O3⁄4ufhka Wmojd.;a ksid" m%;HCI lr .;a ksid
t;=uka jykafia,dg O3⁄4uh flrys ielhla ke;sj iiqfkys
76
ms<sfj;a mqrkak lshd ta O3⁄4uh ,nd .kak lshd" ks3⁄4Nhju lsj
yelsh' hï lsis O3⁄4uhla weisfuka" ±lsfuka" th lsßfuka
m%fhdackhlafõ kï th lsÍug iqÿiqh' O3⁄4uh wkqj Ôj;a jk
whg" ud3⁄4. M, ,enQ whg" ,efnk iemh krla fkdjk" lsis
ldf,l ke;s fkdjk iemhls' tu ksid rcflfkl=g jQjo" rc
iemh w;ayer O3⁄4uh weiSu" O3⁄4uh ±lSu" O3⁄4uh ms<sme§u
iqÿiqh" tu ksid uy rcjre rc iem; w;ayer idikfhys
meúÈj iir ÿla flá lr ksjka wjfndaO lr .;ay' wkH
;S3⁄4:lhka mjd meñsK O3⁄4uh ±l idikfhys mejÈj iir
flá lr .;ay' ld, kï isgq mq;%hd fuka O3⁄4uh ±lsh yelsh'
ms<sfj;a mqrk idikfhys ´kEu flfkl=g ielhla ke;sj fuu
O3⁄4uh n,kak hehs lsj hq;= .=Kfhka hqla; ksid tysmiaisl
kï fõ' fuu O3⁄4ufhys úoHudk jQ tysmiaisl W;=ï .=Khg
uu kuialdr lrñ' udf.a kuialdrh fõjdæ
idOqæ idOqææ idOqæææ
´mkhsl .=Kh ^idrdxY w3⁄4:h&
77
1' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh isf;ys ^Wmojd& msysgqjd .; hq;= .=Kfhka hqla;
jQ fyhska o" ´mkhsl kï jk fial'
2' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh m[ap ksjrK O3⁄4uhkag m%;smCI jQ O3⁄4uhka
;ukaf.a isf;ys Wmodjd .ekSu msysgqjd .ekSï jYfhka
hqla; jk fyhskao" ´mkhsl kï jk fial'
3' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh wõÊcd wkaOldrh" fuday wkaOldrh" hgm;a
fldg O3⁄4u wjfndaOh m%{d wdf,dalh ;udf.a isf;ys
Wmojd .ekSï jYfhka msysgqjd .; hq;= .=Kfhka hqla;
jk fyhska o ´mkhsl kï jk fial'
4' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh úfõl jdifhys fh§ wêl=i,fhys fkdwe,S
ksrdñi m%fudaofhka ;udf.a isf;ys Wmojd .ekSï jYfhka
hqla; jk fyhskao" ´mkhsl kï jk fial'
5' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh m[ap ksjrK O3⁄4uhka hgm;a fldg OHdk
iudm;a;s ;ukaf.a isf;ys Wmojd .;a fyhskao" ´mkhsl
kï jk fial'
6' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.aa Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh ;udf.a m[apialkaO flfrys we;sjk ish¨u
úmiaikd [dKfhka ;udf.a isf;ys Wmojd .;a fyhskao
´mkhsl kï jk fial'
7' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh ud3⁄4. M, O3⁄4uhka wruqKq lsßï jYfhka ;ukaf.a
isf;ys Wmojd .;a fyhskao ´mkhsl kï jk fial'
´mkhsl .=Kh
78
1' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh isf;ys t<Ujd msysgqjd .; hq;= O3⁄4uhla fyhska
o" i;r u. i;r M, ;ukaf.a isf;ys wruqKq lr.;
hq;= fyhskao" mqyqÿka wh wd3⁄4h mqoa.,hska njg
muqKqjkafkakqhs wd3⁄4h mqoa.,hka úiska m%;HCI l< hq;=
njg meñKs fyhskao ´mkhsl kï jk fial'
2' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh ffkIal%uH ixl,amkdj" wjHdmdo ixl,amkdj"
wf,dal i[a[d ukisldrh" pJø iQH_h lisK wdf,dalh"
iudê tald.%;djh" m[aCøsJøsh O3⁄4u [dKh" wê l=i,
O3⁄4ufhys fkdwef,k m%fudaoh" ksrdñi iemh" mqyqÿka
wh wruqKq lrk fyhskao" wjfndaO l<hq;= njg m;a
jk fyhskao ´mkhsl kï jk fial'
3' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh m<uqfjks" fofjks" ;=kafjks" y;rfjks OHdk
iudm;a;s wjfndaO l< hq;= fyhskao" ´mkhsl kï jk fial'
4' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh m[apialJOh wks;H jYfhkao" ÿCL" wkd;au"
l<lsÍu" fkdwe,Sï" ksreoaO lsÍï" w;ayeÍï" ì§ï"
w;S;" wkd.;" j3⁄4;udk fjkia ùï ks;H fkdjk iemhhs
fkdf.k wd;auhehs fkdf.k ks;H iekiqu wd;au
jYfhka fkdf.k Nx. jYfhkao" ialkaO Nh jYfhka
o" ^l3⁄4u" Nj" .;s" fhdks" ú[a[dK wd§ jYfhkao"
ialkaOhkaf.kao" ñ§u jYfhkao" ksjk wruqKq lsÍu
jYfhka wjfndaO l< hq;= fyhskao ´mkhsl kï jk
fial'
5 iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh i;r u`. M, ks3⁄4jdKh wruqKq lsÍï jYfhka o"
wjfndaO l< hq;= fyhskao ´mkhsl kï jk fial'
´mkhsl .=Kfhys wdksixi'
79
;:d.; Nd.Hj;=ka jykafiaf.a O3⁄4uh jkdyS ysi
.sks.;a l,ayso" weÈj; .sks .;a l,ayso we;s jk" blauka ùu
mi,d i;r u`. M, O3⁄4uh isf;ys my< lr .kakg iqÿiq
O3⁄4uhla iajlSh i;a;dkhg muqKqjd .ekSug ish is;skau
meñKSug iqÿiq jQ fyhska ´mkhsl kï jk fial' Wmojd
.ekSu jYfhka" muqKqjd .eksï jYfhka" wd3⁄4h ud3⁄4. i;r
wd3⁄4h M," i;r f,daflda;a;r O3⁄4ufhda wgfok f,daflda;a;r
O3⁄4uh ´mkhsl kï fõ' f,daflda;a;r O3⁄4uhka wruqKq lsÍï
jYfhka fld;rï mß;Hd.hla fld;rï uy;a ÿlla ú`o iaj
ika;dkhg O3⁄4uh wruqKq lsÍu jYfhka .ekSu iqÿiq jk
fyhska ´mkhsl kï fõ' fuh iajlSh ika;dkhg .ekSug
mqreI n,fhka" mqreI ù3⁄4hfhka" mqreI mrdl%ufhka" lsisÿ miq
neiSula fkdue;sj tfia l<d jq ud úiska wm%udofhka wkq;a;r
jQ w3⁄4y;a M,h wê.ukh lrk ,oafoahehs ;:d.;hka
jykafiaf.a ms<s.ekSuhs' tfia fyhska uyfKks" fufia yslañh
hq;=h' w;S;fha we;eï NsCIqka Ôú; mß;Hd.fhka l%shdfldg
isf;ys ord.;ay' tu ksid ish,af,dau O3⁄4uh ;u isf;ys
ordf.k ksjka wjfndaO lr .eksu msKsi W;=ï jQ O3⁄4ufhys
´mkhsl .=Khg uu kuialdr lrñ' udf.a kuialdrh fõjd'æ
idOqæ idOqææ idOqæææ
mÉp;a;x fõÈ;ífnd ú[aCÿyS .=Kh ^ idrdxY w3⁄4:h&
80
1 iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh kqjK we;a;ka úiska ;u ;uka flfrys o; hq;=
fyhskao" ^ m%;HCI l< hq;= fyhskao & ;u ;ukaf.a keK
muKska wjfndaO l< hq;= fyhskao" mÉp;a;x fõÈ;ífnda
ú[aCÿys kï jk fial'
2' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh ;ud úiskau ù3⁄4h jvjk ,oafoa kï" M,h
wê.ukh lrk ,oafoa kï ks3⁄4jdKh idCId;a lrk ,oafoa
kï" th ;uka úiskau keK muKskau wjfndaO l< hq;=
fyhskao" mÉp;a;x fõÈ;ífnd ú[aCÿys kï jk fial'
3' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.aa Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh úo3⁄4Yk iïm%hqla; ish¿ u O3⁄4uhka ;u ;ukaf.a
keK muKska wjfndaO l< hq;= fyhskao mÉp;a;x
fõÈ;ífnd ú[afCÿys kï jk fial'
4' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S
ioaO3⁄4u r;akh ud3⁄4. M, O3⁄4uhka ;u ;ukaf.a keK
muKska wjfndaO l< hq;= fyhska o" mÉp;a;x fõÈ;ífnd
ú[aCÿys kï jk fial'
mÉp;a;x fõÈ;ífnd ú[Cÿys .=Kh'
1' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh kqjK we;a;ka úiska ;u ;ukaf.a m%;HCI
wjfndaOfhkau ,nd .; hq;= fyhskao" ud úiskau ud3⁄4.h
jvk ,oafoah" ud úiska u M, O3⁄4uh wê.ukh lrk
,oafoah' fuh kqjK we;a;kag wjfndaO O3⁄4uhla jq
fyhskao" Y%S ioaO3⁄4ur;akh mÉp;a;x fõÈ;ífnd kï jk
fial'
2' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh iS," iïmod" iudê iïmod" m%{d iïmod" úuqla;s
iïmod" úuqla;s {dk iïmodfjka hqla; jQ fyhskao"
mÉp;a;x fõÈ;ífnd kï jkfial'
81
3 iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh is, úiqoaêh" Ñ;a; úiqoaêh" ÈÜÀ úiqoaêh"
l`vldú;rK úiqoaêh" u.a.d u.a. [dK oiaik
úiqoaêh" mámod [K oiaikúiqoaêh" [dK oiaik
úiqoaêh jQ fyhskao" mÉp;a;x fõÈ;ífnd kï jk fial'
4' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO3⁄4u
r;akh w;s;" wkd.;" j3⁄4;udk ld,;%hg wh;a
kdu rEm úo3⁄4Ykd lsßu" kdu rEm O3⁄4uh Wohjeh
ne,Su" kdu rEm O3⁄4uhkaf.a ì§fï úo3⁄4Ykdj ialkaO"
O3⁄4uhkaf.a Nh jYfhka úo3⁄4Ykd lsÍu' kdu rEm
O3⁄4uhkaf.a wd§kj"úmiaikd lsÍu" kdu rEm O3⁄4uhkaf.a
l<lsÍfï úo3⁄4Ykdj" kdurEm O3⁄4uhkaf.a ñ§fï n,j;a
leue;a;" kdu rEm O3⁄4uhkaf.a ixidr jÜg ÿlaLfhka
ñ§u' ish¿ ixLdr O3⁄4uhkaf.a uOHia: Ndjh' ud3⁄4.
Ñ;a; úÓfhys wjika úo3⁄4Ykh' kdu rEm O3⁄4uhkaf.ka
mD:.ack f.d;%h blaujd wd3⁄4h f.d;%hg mshjr ;nkakd
jq m%:u ud3⁄4. Ñ;a;hg m%:ufhka ks3⁄4jdKh ,nkakd jQ
úo3⁄4Ykd Ñ;a; úÓfha wka;su úo3⁄4Ykd m%{dj ,nd ud3⁄4.
M, Ñ;a;h ;=<ska ks3⁄4jdKh wruqKq lrñka ks3⁄4jdK
Od;=j ±lSu jQ fyhskao" Y%S ioaO3⁄4u r;akh mÉp;a;x
fõÈ;ífnd ú[aCÿyS kï jk fial'
mÉp;a;x fõÈ;ífnd .=Kfhys wdksixi'
;:d.; Nd.Hj;=ka jykafiaf.a O3⁄4uh jkdys
WmdOHdhka jykafia wjfndaO lr .;a O3⁄4uh wd3⁄4h ud3⁄4.hg
wkqj jevQ l,ays ioaêúydßlhdg ^YsIHhdg& flf,ia m%ydKh
fkdjkafkah' uõmshka wjfndaO fldg .;a O3⁄4uh orejkag
fkdjkafkah' wkqka me<È wdNrKhla .; fkdyelsh kqjK
we;s wh úiska ;ukaf.au m%;HCI wjfndaOfhka ,nd .; hq;=
f,daflda;a;r .=Kh O3⁄4uOrhka úiska fjka fjka jYfhka
iajlSh ika:dk j, m%;HCI lr .; hq;= O3⁄4uhla" ri ú`Èh
hq;= O3⁄4uhla" OHdk O3⁄4uhla" f,daflda;a;r O3⁄4uhla fõ'
wkaO mqoa.,hkag fkdj mqKH Nd.Hjka;hkag fya;= iïm;a
we;a;kag fhda.H jQ W;a;Í;r ñksia oyfuka m%;HCI fjk
82
O3⁄4uhls' ;%Sfya;=l cd;s m%{dj we;s" Ndú; m%{dj we;s"
úo3⁄4Ykd m%{dj we;s whg O3⁄4uh m%;HCI lr .; yelsh'
fuu kqjK iif3⁄4§ ,nd .ksñka O3⁄4uh m%;HCI lr .ksñka
f,daflda;a;r ksjka wjfndaOh kqjK we;s ish,a,kagu m%;HCI
jk W;=ï O3⁄4uhls' fuu W;=ï m%;HCI l< hq;= mÉp;a;
fõÈ;ín O3⁄4uhg uu kuialdr lrñ' udf.a kuialdrh
fõjdæ'
idOqæ idOqææ idOqæææ
uyd ix>r;akfha .=Kh
i`..=K iy i`..=K Ndjkdj
83
tl Ouu ysCLfj Ndúf;d nyq,s lf;d tlk;
úrd.dh" ksfrdaOdh Wmiudh" wNs[a[dh ifundOdh
ksnÅodh ixj;;;s l;fud tlOfuud ix>dkqii;s whx
fLd ysCLfj tl Ofuud Ndúf;d nyq,slf;d tlk;
ksnìÞh tlk; úrd.dh ksfrdOdh Wmiudh wNs[[dh
ifundOdh ksnndkdh ixj;;;s'
uyfKks tlu O3⁄4uhla Ndjkdjla jYfhka jvk
,oafoa fndfyda fldg jvk ,oafoa l< lsÍu msKsi ksùu msKsi"
ixis§u msKsi" yd;amiska ±lsu msKsi" ksjka wjfndaOh
msKsi mj;So" kqjK msKsi mj;So" ljrkï tlu O3⁄4uhlao"
ix>dkqiai;shhs' fiiq O3⁄4u wjfndaOh msKsio mj;s'
ix> hk kdufhka y`ÿkajkafka iuQyh hk w3⁄4:hhs'
hï flfkl=f.a Y%djlfhda hkakh' f,dalfha fndfyda
Y%djlfhda isáhy' f,dalfha fndfyda kdhlhkaf.a Y%djlfhda
isáh;a wmf.a Ydik n,h wkqj wm i<lkafka Nd.Hj;=ka
jykafiaf.a Y%djl msßihs' wmf.a ix> mdGfha f;areu wkqj
ZzN.jf;da idjl ixf>dZZ hkq Nd.Hj;=ka jykafiaf.a
Y%djl iuQyhdghs' Y%djlfhda hkq wik ;eke;a;dhs' wmg
;sfnkafka Nd.Hj;=ka jykafiaf.a O3⁄4uh wik ;eke;af;dahs'
;:d.;hka jykafia O3⁄4uh wid th f.!rjfhka ms<sf.k
tys ms<sfj;a mqrk" ms<sm`Èk" ms<s.ekSug W;aidy ork i;a
mqreIfhda ;:d.;hka jykafiaf.a Y%jlfhda fj;s' weish
hq;= O3⁄4uhka w;r w3⁄4:fhka mhH_ma;s O3⁄4uhhs' ta mhH_ma;s
O3⁄4uhg wkqj ms<sfj;a mqrkafka kï Y%djlhd hkqfjks'
nqÿrcdKka jykafiaf.a O3⁄4uh wid ms<sfj;a mqrk f.!rjfhka
ms<sf.k W;aidy lrk Y%djlhka w;r ukqIH" foaj" n%yau
jYfhka fldgia ;=klg fnfoa' .sys meúÈ jYfhka o" wd3⁄4h"
mD:.ack jYfhkao" Wmiïmkak" wkqmiïmkak jYfhka
o fldgia j,g fnfoa' fï fkdfhla wdldr Y%djl msßila
isáh;a" uydix>r;akh hkqfjka i<lk Y%djl msßi b;du;a
fY%aIaGhs'" W;a;uhs hkq ms<s.ekSuhs' uyd ix>r;akfha
.=Kh uy;ah' uyd ix>r;akfha m%udKh .Kkska iSud l<
fkdyelsh' .=Kfhka m%udKh l< fkdyelsh' Ydikfha Ñr
84
meje;au uyd ix> r;akh i;=j mj;S' hq., jYfhka i;rla
yd mqoa., jYfhka wgla fõ' ud3⁄4.ia: y;rfokhs' M,ia:
y;r fokhs hkqfjks' wê iS," wêÑ;a;" wêm%{d" YsCId
f.!rjh rlskqfha uyd ix> r;akhhs' t;=uka jykafia,df.a
m%;smodj b;du;au ruKShhs' iuHla m%;smodfjka hqla;hs'
Ydik O3⁄4uh ukdj ms<smka fyhskao" wd3⁄4h ud3⁄4. m%;smodjg
ms<smka fyhskao" f.!rj l< hq;= ud3⁄4.hg ms<smka fyhskao"
b;d ÿr isg jqjo f.k jq;a §ug iqÿiq .=Kfhka hqla; jQ
fyhskao" wd.ka;=l i;aldrhkag ms<sfh, l< fohla jQj;a'
Èug iqÿiq fyhskao" mrf,dj iem m;d fok fohla §ug iqÿiq
jQ fyhskao" we`È,s neo kuialdr lsÍug iqÿiq .=Kfhka hqla;
jQ fyhskao" f,dalhdf.a ys; iqj msKsi lghq;= lrk fyhskao
uyd ix> r;akh b;d jákd .=Kdx. kjhlska hqla; jk
fyhskao" .=Kh wkka;hs" wm%udKhs" nqÿrcdKka jykafiaf.a
Y%djl nqoaO mq;%hka jykafia,d jev isàu wmg Ydikhg f,dl=
msysgls" Wmldrhls" tfukau wmf.a f,!lsl Ôú;h iemj;a
lr .ekSug;a" f,dflda;a;r Ôú;hg m;a ùug;a uy;a
Wmldrhls' ;uka jykafia,df.a W;=ï .=Kh isysm;a lsÍu
wkqiai;s Ndjkdjls' Wmpdr iudêhla ,eìh yels W;=ï
.=Khls' nqÿrcdKka jykafiaf.a W;=ï Y%djl Ndjhg m;a jQjd
jQ ießhq;a uq.,ka mrïmrdfjka mej;f.k tk wúÉýkakj
Ydik m%;smodj bÈßhg f.k hkq ,nkafka mßhma;s" m%;sm;a;s"
m%;sfõoh okakdjQ nqoaO mq;%hka jykafia,dh' tjeks W;=uka
jykafia,df.a l,HdK ñ;% weiqr ksid Ôú;hla hym;g
kxjd .ekSug b;d uy`.= Wmldrhla fõ' Ydiksl W;=ï mdrñ
O3⁄4uhka imqrd,Sug wdñi m%;sm;a;s" iu: úmiaikd wd§" W;=ï
.=K O3⁄4uhkaf.ka iajlsh ika:dkh fmdaIKh lr .ekSug
Wmldß fõ' ksjka u. iq.;s u. mdod fok l,HdK ñ;%hkaf.a
weiqr wm ieu fokdgu ksjk olajdu WmldÍ fõjdæ fujeks
W;=ï ix> r;akfha .=Kh wm ieu fokdf.a is;g oyï
iekis,a,la fõjdæ fof,dj chf.k" me;+ fndaê {dkhka imqrd
.ekSug;a iqjfiau mdró mqrd w;s W;=ï ksjka iqjh wjfndaO
lr .ekSug;a Wmldß fõjdæ ish,af,dau i`. .=K jv;ajd'æ
ksjkska iekfi;ajdæ'
;iud Nfõ wmmudox - lhsrd: iqfuOfid
tjx uydkqNdjdh - ix>dkqii;shd iod
85
—i`. .=K Ndjkdj hï fyhlska uydkqNdj iïmkak fõo"
tfia fyhska is,aj;a keKjka;hd wm%udoj i`. .=K Ndjkdj
jvkafkah˜
iqmámkak .=Kh' ^idrdxY w3⁄4:h&
1' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%djl uyd
ix> r;akh ukdfldg ms<smka fyhska o" iqmámkak kï
jk fial'
2' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%djl uyd
ix> r;akh w3⁄4h ud3⁄4. ixLHd; iuHla ud3⁄4.hg ms<smka
fyhskao" iqmámkak kï jk fial'
3' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%djl uyd
ix> r;akh wd3⁄4h ud3⁄4.fhka keiq flf,ia kej; kqmokd
fyhska o" iqmámkak kï jkfial'
4' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%djl
uyd ix> r;akh wkqms<sfj<ska ksjka ud3⁄4.hg ms<smka
fyhskao" iqmámkak kï jk fial'
5' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%djl
uyd ix> r;akh wúreoaO m%;smodjg ms<smka fyhskao"
iqmámkak kï jk fial'
6' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%djl uyd
ix> r;akh O3⁄4udkqO3⁄4u m%;sm;a;shg ms<smka fyhskao"
iqmámkak kï jk fial'
7' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%djl uyd
ix> r;akh i;a; úiqoaêhg ms<smka fyhskao" iqmámkak
kï jkfial'
8' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%djl
86
 uyd ix> r;akh i;a;sia fndaê mdCIsl O3⁄4uhkag ms<smka
fyhska o" iqmámkak kï jk fial'
9 iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%djl
uyd ix> r;akh ud3⁄4. M, O3⁄4uhkag ms<smka fyhska o"
iqmámkak kï jk fial'
10' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%djl
uyd ix> r;akh ud3⁄4. M, O3⁄4uhkag ms<smka fyhskao
iqmámkak kï jk fial'
iqmámkak .=Kh'
1' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%djl uyd ix>
r;akh úmiaikd mdol wLKav" wúðoao" win," wl,audi"
N=ðiai" ú[aûmamiF: wmrduÜG" iudê ixj;a;ksl" hk
.=Khkaf.ka iukakd.; fyhskao iqmámkak kï jk fial'
2' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%djl uyd
ix> r;akh ldh" fõokd" Ñ;a;" Oïu" i;smÜGdkfhkao
i;r iuHla m%Odk ù3⁄4hfhkao" Pkao ù3⁄4hh Ñ;a; úuxid
hk i;r iDoaêmdo O3⁄4uhkaf.kao" ioaOd" ù3⁄4h" i;s" iudê"
m%{d hk bJøsh O3⁄4uhkaf.kao tfiau n, O3⁄4uhkaf.kao
i;s" OïuúÊh" ùßh" m%s;s" miaioaê" iudê WfmCId hk
fndÊ®x.hkaf.kao" iïud ÈÜÀ" iïud ixlmam" iïud
lïuka;" iïud wdÔj" iïudjdhdu" iïud i;s" iïud iudê
.=Kfhka iukakd.; jk fyhska iqmmámkak kï jk fial'
3' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%djl uyd
ix> r;akh iS, úiqoaêh" Ñ;a; úiqoaêh" ÈÜÀ úiqoaêh"
l`vldú;rK úiqoaêh u.a.du.a.[dK" oiaiK úiqoaêh"
mámod [dK oiaik úiqoaêh" [dK oiaik úiqoaêhg
ms<smka fyhskao iqmámkak kï jk fial'
4' iajdñks Nd.Hj;=ka jykai æ Tn jykafiaf.a Y%djl uyd
ix> r;akh m<uq ud3⁄4. M,fhka ilaldh ÈÜÀ" úÑlssÉpd"
iS,ín; mrdudi" ixfhdack ;=k" ÈÜÀ" úÑlsÉPd' wkqih
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folo" fofjks ud3⁄4. M,fhka f,daN" oafõI ixfhdack
fol" f,daN oafõI wkqih fol ;=kS lrk fyhskao";=kafjks
ud3⁄4.M,fhka ixfhdack fol iy wkqih fol isfok
fyhskao" i;rfjks ud3⁄4. M,fhka ixfhdack my wkqih
;=k rEmrd." wrEmrd." udk" WoaoÉp" wúoHd" wúoHd udk
WoaoÉp wkqih is|jQ m%;smodjg ms<smka fyhskao" iqmámkak
kï jk fial'
iqmámkak .=Kfhys wdksixih'
;:d.; Nd.Hj;=kajykafia Y%djl uyd ix>r;akh
iïud mámodj" wksj;a; mámodj" wkqf,dau mámodj"
wúreoaO mámodj" Oïudkq Oïu mámodjg" ms<smka fyhskao
iqmámkak kï jk fial' OHdk wNs{d wÜGiudm;a;s ud3⁄4. M,
O3⁄4uhka wjfndaO lr.;a uy ry;a Ndjhg meñKs ieufokd
<Õu ks;H jYfhka fï ukd meje;au iuHla ud3⁄4.h mj;S'
bÈß wkd.;fha§ tu wjia:djka ,nkakg iQodkñka ms<sfj;a
mqrk ieufokd ;=<u fuu meje;au ukdj ms<smeÈh hq;=h'
;sìh hq;=h we;eï Y%djlfhda idikfhys ,dN" lS3⁄4;s" m%Yxid
n,dfmdfrd;a;= fkdù wdrKH" msKavmd;" OQ;x." OHdk ud3⁄4.
M, n,fmdfrd;a;=fjka iu: úmiaikd Ndjkd jvk msßil=;a
isá;s' fï Ôú;fha§ th ,eìh yelsh hk ye`.Sfuka ms<sfj;a
mqrk msßil=;a isá;s' ls3⁄4;s" m%Yxid ,nñka th iïmQ3⁄4K lrk
msßil=;a isá;s' flfia fj;;a ;:d.;hka jykafia úiska
foaYkd fldg jod< ksjkg muqKqjk iqmámkak .=Khuhs' tla
tla whf.a meje;au wkqj tu .=Kh mj;sk nj lsj yelsh'
iuHla ud3⁄4.h ksjkg fya;= jk ksid iqmámkakkï fõ' fuu
W;=ï iqmámkak .=Khg uu kuialdr lrñ' udf.a kuialdrh
fõjdæ
idOqæ idOqææ idOqæææ
Wcqmámkak .=Kh ^idrdxY w3⁄4:h&
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