35-th Yugoslav Federal Mathematical Competition 1994

High School
Ivanjica, April 16, 1994
Time allowed 4 hours.
Each problem is worth 25 points.
1-st Grade

1. Given positive numbers a, b, c, x, y, z such that a+x = b+y = c+z = 1994,

prove that ay + bz + cx < 19942 .
2. Let D be a point on the side AB of a triangle ABC different from A
and B. Let r, r1 , r2 be the inradii of triangles ABC, ADC and DBC,
respectively. Prove that r < r1 + r2 .
3. Let M, N, P, Q be the midpoints of the sides AB, BC, CD, DA respectively
of a convex quadrilateral ABCD. Segments M P and N Q intersect at O.
Prove that the sum of the areas of AM OQ and CP ON is equal to the
sum of the areas of BN OM and DQOP .
4. On the blackboard are written 1993 digits 0, 1994 digits 1 and 1995 digits
2. In each move it is allowed to choose a pair of two different digits and
replace them by the digit among 0, 1, 2 not occurring in that pair.
(a) Is it possible that after a certain number of moves only zeroes remain
on the board?
(b) If only one digit remains after several moves, determine that digit.

2-nd Grade

1. Determine all numbers b < 100 for which number 2101 written in the
system with the base b is a perfect square.
2. Let
(y + 1)2 − x, if x ≤ y,

f (x, y) =
x2 + y + 1, if x > y.
Solve the equation f (x, y) = 1994 in the set of nonnegative integers.
3. In a cyclic quadrilateral each vertex is connected by a line with the ortho-
center of the triangle determined by the other three vertices. Prove that
the four obtained lines intersect in a point.
4. (a) A convex hexagon whose area is S and an arbitrary line l are given
3S
in a plane. Prove that a triangle of area at least can be inscribed
8
in the hexagon so that one of the sides of the triangle is parallel to l.
 (b) Determine the greatest possible area of a triangle inscribed in a reg-
ular hexagon of area S, with a side parallel to a side of the hexagon.
(A triangle is inscribed in the hexagon if all its vertices are on the sides
of a hexagon.)

3-rd and 4-th Grades

1. The side lengths of a convex quadrilateral are natural numbers. If each of

these numbers divides the sum of the remaining three, prove that at least
two of the numbers are equal.
2. Let q > 5 be a prime number and 1 ≤ p < q be an integer. Suppose
p
that the number has a purely periodical decimal representation with
q
the period 2n. Prove that the sum of the number formed by the first n
digits of the period and the number formed by the last n digits of the
period is equal to 10n − 1.
3. A trihedral angle Oabc is given. Show that there exist points A, B, C
(different from O) on the edges a, b, c respectively such that ∠OAB =
∠OBC = ∠OCA.
4. Let S be the set of all arrays (α1 , α2 , . . . , αn ) of 0, 1, 2. An elementary
transformation of the array (α1 , α2 , . . . , αn ) is replacing of one element
αj with βj ∈ {0, 1, 2} so that none of the numbers αj , βj occurs in the
array (α1 , α2 , . . . , αj−1 ). Prove that each array in S can be obtained from
(0, 0, . . . , 0) in finitely many elementary transformations.

Copyright:
c D. Djukić, V. Janković, I. Matić, N. Petrović
Mathematical Society of Serbia
www.imo.org.yu