Polar form of complex number

We have z = x + iy a complex number put x = rcos and y = r sin

we get z = rcos +i r sin = r(cos +i sin )
which is called the polar form of the complex number z
The angle  is called the amplitude or argument of the comlex number z .
y
The angle   tan 1
x

The conjugate of a complex number z is defined by z = x - iy

2
we note that z z = (x+iy)(x-iy) = x 2 +y 2 = z
z =a; represent a circle with centre origin and radius a. For each x  R ,
the complex number eix is defined as eix  cosx + i sinx known as Euler's formula
We note that eix = cos 2 x + sin 2 x = 1 and e  ix  cosx - i sinx
since we have e  ix  cosx - i sinx and eix  cosx + i sinx
e  ix  eix eix  e  ix
we get cosx  and sinx  and e z = e x iy =e x (cosy +i siny)
2 2i
The complex number z = r(cos  +sin ) where z = r
can be written as z = rei is called the exponential form of the comlex number.
Logrithms of comlex number
Let z and w be comlex numbers . If w = e z ,then z is called a logrithim of w .
Thus log e w = z
If w = e z , then e z  2 n i  e z e 2 n i  e z  w
If z is logrithim of w then z +2n i is also a logrithim of w
hence logrithim is a many valued function
Q1: Find real and imaginary parts of log (x+iy)/log(2+i3)
y
Let x + iy = r(cos + sin ) so that r = x2  y 2 and  = tan 1
x
= log (rei )+2n i = log r + log(ei )+2n i = log r +i +2n i
y
= log x 2  y 2 +i +2n i = log x 2  y 2 +i (tan 1 +2n )
x
y
real part = log x2  y 2 imag part = tan 1 +2n
x