Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Negros Island Region ( NIR )
Division of Bacolod City
District VII
SUM-AG ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Sum-ag, Bacolod City
_____________________________________________

REVIEWER IN SCIENCE – GRADE FOUR

SECOND QUARTER

A. MAJOR ORGANS OF THE BODY

1. Human body is made up of 201 bones with different sizes and shapes.
2. There more than 600 muscles in our body.
3. The functions of bone and muscles are the following: a) Supports the body. B) Give shape to our body. c)
Protects delicate or internal organs of the body. d) Helps our body move.
4. Joints is a place where the two bones meet. Bones move in joints.
5. VOLUNTARY MUSCLES are attached to the bones and can be controlled. Example: legs and hands.
INVOLUNTARY MUSCLES are muscles usually found in our internal organs and are controlled by our
nervous system. Examples of involuntary muscles are stomach, lungs and intestines.
6. The SKULL OR CRANIUM helps protect the brain. The BACKBONE OR THE SPINAL COLUMN protect
the spinal cord. RIBS form a protective cage that protect the heart and lungs. The PELVIC BONE or the
HIP BONE support our body when we sit.
7. BALL AND SOCKET JOINT are found in our shoulder and hip joints. It allows these joints to move freely in
all direction.
8. The bones in our body are also connected with each other. The point or the place where two bones meet or
connect is called JOINT.
9. COMMON BONE AND MUSCLE INJURIES
A. FRACTURE is a break in the bone. It can a simple fracture, close fracture and open fracture.
B. DISLOCATION occurs when a bone in a joint is displaced or has moved out of the joint.
C. SPRAIN is an injury to a ligament caused by excessive stretching which brings too much pain and
swelling in the injured part.
D. CRAMP is a strong muscle contraction that can be very painful lasting for a few minutes and can be
relieved through massage.
E. BRUISE is a black or blue spot in the skin caused by a blood clot when hit or bumped into something
hard.
10. INJURY is a harm or damage. It can be an act or event that causes someone or something to no longer be
fully healthy or in good condition.
11. A DISEASE is an illness that affects a person, animal or plant. It is also a condition that prevents the body
or mind from working normally.
12. OSTEOPOROSIS is a common disorder caused by the thinning and weakening of the bones commonly
experience by elderly people. It makes the bones weak and brittle. This can be prevented by having a
regular exercise, eating foods rich in calcium like milk, cheese and other dairy products. Shellfish and leafy
vegetables can also prevent osteoporosis.
13. ARTHRITIS is a common disorder in a joint characterized by the inflammation of the joint in the knees,
ankle and fingers. It may occur to people of all ages but it is commonly observe in older people.
14. RICKETS is a bone condition caused by a deficiency in vitamin D usually observed in children. Person with
rickets have very weak bones causing bone deformation.
15. POLIO is an acute infection caused by a virus that attacks the nerve cells of the brain and spinal cord
resulting to paralysis.
16. FIRST AID TREATMENT FOR BONE INJURIES
FRACTURE
a. Let the injured person sit or lie down.
b. Apply a cold compress to the injured part to reduce swelling and relieve pain.
c. Wrap a bandage or soft cloth to the affected area.
 DISLOCATION
a. Let the person sit or lie down to avoid further injury.
b. Do not try to pull or massage the affected area. It may worsen the condition of the injured
person.
c. Apply a cold compress to the injured part to reduce swelling and relieve pain.
d. Seek medical attention immediately.
SPRAIN
a. Let the person sit or lie down.
b. Apply a cold compress to the sprain to reduce swelling and relieve pain.
c. If the wrist of elbow is injured, place it in a sling.
d. Apply an elastic bandage that is not so tight on the sprained joint.
e. Let the injured part rest for 2 to 3 days.
17. Digestion is the breaking down of food into nutrients to be use by our body cells. Digestion maybe
MECHANICAL DIGESTION and CHEMICAL DIGESTION. Mechanical Digestion is changing the foods into
smaller pieces while Chemical Digestion is changing the digested food into nutrients.
18. Digestion of food starts in the mouth with the help of teeth, tongue, lips and the saliva. Digestion starts as
we chew our food. The tongue, teeth, lips and salivary glands help mouth digest food. Saliva mixes the
food to become soft while teeth breaks food to small pieces. Food rich in carbohydrates like rice are
digested in the mouth and are converted into simple sugar.
19. Esophagus is a long muscular tube that connects the mouth and the stomach. The muscular movement of
the esophagus called PERSITALSIS moves the food from the mouth to stomach.
20. STOMACH is a sack-like container of food made from involuntary muscle. It contracts and relaxes in order
to digest food. Foods are squeezed, churned and twisted in the stomach. Foods rich in protein and made of
fiber stay in the stomach for about 4 – 6 hours. Stomach contains digestive juices like pepsin to make
digestion fast.
21. DOUDENUM connects the stomach to the small intestine. It is the first 25 centimetres of the small intestine.
22. SMALL INTESTINE is about 2.5 cm. wide and 7 metres long. It is a narrow coiled – tube where the
final digestion takes place. Digested foods in the small intestine are converted into nutrients and are
distributed to the different parts of our body through our blood streams.
23. The linings of the small intestine have hair-like projection called VILLI that help absorb nutrients.
24. Undigested food or foods that are not fully digested and absorbed in small intestine are carried down to the
LARGE INTESTINE to be passed out of the body through ANUS. The undigested food or the waste
materials are deposited in the rectum and ready to pass out of the body as FECES.
25. COMMON AILMENTS RELATED TO DIGESTION
a. Ulcer / Hyperacidity – caused by not eating on time, too much intake of alcohol or acidic drinks. To
avoid this, eat regularly on time. Avoid eating acidic food and drinking liquor or acidic drinks. Eat
balance diet as well.
b. Diarrhea – frequent moving of the bowel with watery stool or feces. To avoid diarrhea, drink plenty of
water and juices to prevent from losing too much water. Eat soft food when you have diarrhea.
c. Constipation – difficult elimination of dry and hard stoll or feces. Eat plenty of fruits and vegetable and
drink plenty of water as well to prevent constipation.
d. Appendicitis – inflammation of the appendix caused by irritation from undigested food that may have
blocked it. Get immediate medical attention when having appendicitis.
e. Indigestion – caused by too much or rapid eating or drinking. Change eating habit or diet and observe
proper eating habit to avoid indigestion.
f. Gastroenteritis – caused by bacterial infection from taking contaminated food or drinks. One must take
medical attention or doctor’s medication when having gastroenteritis.
26. To avoid common problems related to digestion, the following must be observe:
 Always wash hands with soap and water before eating and after using the toilet.
 Always eat on time.
 Eat plenty of food rich in fiber such as fruits and vegetables.
 Exercise daily and drink plenty of water.
27. KIDNEYS are bean-shaped paired organs which are about 4 to 5 inches long and 2 to 3 inches wide. The
right kidney is slightly lower due to the presence of the liver on the right region of our body. The KIDNEYS
remove urea from the blood through tiny filtering units called NEPHRONS.
28. Kidneys are the major organs of the URINARY SYSTEM. The functions of the urinary system are 1) To
remove liquid waste from the blood in the form of urine and 2) to keep a stable balance salt and other
substance in the blood and produce hormone that aids the formation of the body cells.
29. The major metabolic wastes produced by our body are filtered by kidneys in the blood like salt, water and
nitrogenous wastes.
30. The heart is a hollow mascular organ located between lungs and it is protected by the ribcage. It is about
the size of your fist and is located in the middle of the chest cavity. The beating of the heart is due to the
contraction of your heart muscles. The cardiac muscles are contracting involuntarily. It continues to pump
blood as long as the person lives and even while we are sleeping.
31. The contraction of the heart continues allowing the heart to receive oxygen from the lungs and continues to
contract and pumps blood to the rest of the body parts including lungs through the blood vessels. The lungs
filter the oxygen that enters our body because it contains a filtering structure to ensure that the heart
receives clean oxygen from the lungs. The carbon dioxide as a waste materials of the body ie removed
from the body through the lungs.
32. The heart and lungs support each other to allow distribution of nutrients and oxygen to all parts and
removal of carbon dioxide as a waste product in the body.
33. COMMON LUNG AILMENTS
 Asthma – is a condition where a person experiences difficulty in breathing.
 Rhinitis – is characterized by sneezing, nasal discharge and itchiness in the nasal passage.
 Bronchitis – is characterized by persistent coughing and sometimes fever.
 Pneumonia – is an inflammation of the lungs. A person with pneumonia has a cough that produces a
yellow-green phlegm. Other symptoms include fever accompanied by chills, shortness of breath,
sweating, spitting of blood and increased in the production of sputum. This is a serious disease and the
patients must consult a doctor immediately.
 Cold – it is mark by sneezing, runny nose, coughing, sore throat and sometimes fever and headache.
 Tuberculosis – is an acute or chronic infectious disease of the lungs. It is highly communicable disease.
 Lung Cancer – develops in irresponsible use of cigarettes or in response to prolonged exposure to
irritants like tobacco smoke.
34. TREATMENT OF THE LUNGS AILMENTS
 Require the patient to stay home and rest. Separate him/her from other members of the family.
 Give the patient the prescribe medicine.
 Keep the surrounding clean. Open the window to allow fresh air in.
 Feed the patient with nutritious food.
 If the patient has fever, give a sponge bath and change clothes regularly.
35. COMMON HEART AILMENTS
 High-blood Pressure or Hypertension – is characterized by sudden rise of blood pressure.
 Anemia – is characterized by the blood’s inability to produce enough haemoglobin or red blood cell, the
oxygen carrying pigment of RBC.
 Leukemia – occurs when there is an increase in White Blood Cell or WBC count.
 Heart Attack – occurs when a blood clot or fat get lodged in blood vessels which blocks the passage of
blood to the heart.
 Rheumatic Fever – a complication of throat infection.
36. A person inflicted with heart ailments should be given medical attention and treated properly. Minimize
intake of salt ( sodium ) and fatty food. Too much salt may cause complications in other organs like
kidneys. High salt intake can aggravate the condition of people suffering from any heart ailment.
37. BRAIN is a highly complex organ of human beings. It is found in the head and is protected by the skull, a
soft tissue called meninges and a cushion of fluid. It weighs 1.5 kilograms and contains billions of neurons.
38. THE FUNCTIONS OF THE BRAIN:
 It controls the involuntary activities of the body like thinking, solving problems, and memorizing details
and decision making.
 It controls the muscle movement of the body like walking and writing.
 It coordinates muscular actions.
 It is responsible for man’s ability to learn habits and develop skills.
 It maintains the person’s sense of balance.
 It connects the brain to the spinal cord.
 It controls the involuntary muscles of the body and coordinates functions like beating of the heart.
39. The main function of the brain is to process information it receives and to send instructions to the different
parts of the body.
40. The major function of the brain is to process information receives and to send instruction to the different
parts of the body.
B. ANIMALS

41. An ADAPTATION is the structure of behaviour that helps an organism or animals survive in its
environment.
42. Animals have body structures that help them adapt to water.
 FISHES are covered with scales for protection from diseases and from other animals that live in water.
The scales are smooth and slimy, arranged overlapping from head to tail so as the water slips smoothly
as it moves forward.
 SHIRMP and LOBSTERS are covered with outside skeleton or exoskeleton while other animals like
CLAMS and MUSSELS are covered with shells.
43. Fishes have gills for breathing underwater and fins for swimming.
44. Animals have body structures that help them adapt to land. Some animals are covered with FUR to keep
them warm. Others are covered with FEATHERS for flying. Some have smooth skin for breathing like
worms. Body coverings of animals are mostly for protection.
45. Animals have body parts like legs for walking to those animals that live on land and wings for animals that
fly in the air.
46. Land or terrestrial animals or animals that live on land have lungs for breathing. Some animals use their
paws ( cat ), claws ( lions ), mouthparts like beaks ( birds ) and teeth for eating. Other animals use their
sticky tongue ( frogs ), movable jaws ( snake ) and sucking tubes ( proboscis for mosquito ).
47. Animals with the same mouth parts eat the same kind of food. Animals with flat teeth like carabao, horse,
cows eat grass or plants. Animals with sharp pointed teeth like dog, lion, tiger eat meat and some animals
eat both plants and meat.
48. CAMOUFLAGE – a protective coloration in animals. This adaptation allows some animals to blend with
their surrounding.
49. Other animals imitate the shape, smell, taste, color and even sound of other animals. This behaviour is
called MIMICRY.
50. Most insects secrete chemicals that they use to protect themselves from other animals like squid, wasps
and snake.
51. Other animals protect their own kinds. Monkeys, elephants and penguins travel in groups. They scatter
themselves to look for food but they do not go far from each other and stay in hearing distance only. Then
danger is on place, they group together to protect one another.
52. Animals like turtles, crabs, snails and oysters have protective shell coverings. When they sense danger,
they keep their bodies inside their shells.
53. HABITAT – is an ecological or environmental area that is inhabited by a particular species of animals,
plants or organism. It is where animals and plants live.
54. Animals that live on land move in different ways. Some animals that live on land walk, hop, run or jump.
Others fly and crawl.
55. Most animals that live in water swim but some aquatic animals have legs too. Crustaceans like shrimps,
crabs and prawns walk because they have legs. Others crawl like those with shell covering.
56. POPULATION – refers to the total number of animals in a particular habitat or community. Animals in their
community depend on the habitat available in that particular community.
57. Some of the habitats of the animals are pond, grassland and sea.
- On grassy land – cows, goats, horses.
- In a pond – ducks, geese, swans, frogs
- In the sea – fishes, crabs
58. The body structure of animals for adaptation play a very important role in choosing animals to raise in a
particular habitat.
59. METAMORPHOSIS is a biological process by which an animal physically develops after birth or hatching.
It is a part of the life cycle of the most insects. The term metamorphosis refers to the way insects develop,
grow and change form accompanied by change of habitat or behaviour.
60. TWO TYPES OF METAMORHOSIS
A. COMPLETE METAMORPOHIS – consist four stages in the life of an insect.
a. Egg – a female insect lay egg.
b. Larva – hatch from egg but do not look like the adult insect. It usually the worm-stage. Sometimes,
this stage is called “ instars”.
c. Pupa- the resting stage of the larvae. In this stage, the larvae is resting inside the cocoon.
d. Adult – after a period of time, the larvae developed fully into an adult insect.
 B. INCOMPLETE METAMORPHOSIS – consist three stages in the life cycle of an insect.
a. Egg – a female insect lay eggs. Sometimes, the eggs are in group and protected by a covering or a
case.
b. Nymph – the eggs hatch into nymphs or insects that look like its mother. It looks like a small adult
but usually don’t have wings.
c. Adult – the stage wherein nymphs grow into adult stage.
61. LIFE CYCLE is a period involving one generation of an organism.
62. The Chicken Egg
The egg yolk is kept in place by the egg white that is thick and sticky. The egg yolk’s white spot is the
developing chick. The egg white protects the developing chick from any danger while the eggshell protects
the egg yolk and the egg white. The development of the chick takes place in a period of 21 days.
63. The Human Life Cycle
a. Birth – the human life cycle starts after a baby is delivered out by the mother to the world.
b. Infancy – is categorized as lasting from birth through the first year of life. The infant is completely
dependent upon its parents or caretakers for survival.
c. Childhood – takes place between ages 1 to 10. The first 2 years is called toddler. During this time, the
child learns how to talk, walk and be more self-sufficient. The child is susceptible during this time to
learned habits and behaviours.
d. Adolescence- takes place between ages 12 to 18 and is critical turning point because it is when
puberty takes place. Boys’ voices changes and girls get their menstrual periods. They began to
separate from their parents and become independent.
e. Adulthood – lasts from age 18 to old age and death. This stage can be significant because adult can be
now capable of giving birth to a baby.

C. PLANTS
64. TERRESTRIAL PLANTS – are plants that grow on land. Some terrestrial plants are small and others are
big. There are plants with big trunks while others have soft stems. Other plants bear flowers and other do
not.
65. Terrestrial plants grow in different places. There are plants that grow directly on the soil while others grow
on rocks. Other plants cling on fences while the most number of plants are found in the fields.
66. Plants living on different places are exposed to varied conditions, however, their structures are suited to
particular needs. Example, forest plant tend to grow tall and sturdy.
67. Shapes and sizes of the leaves are also important for survival. Plants like bananas produce big, broad
leaves to efficiently trap more energy.

68. Plants with waxy leaves help to protect themselves from dehydration as a result of too much exposure to
the sunlight.
69. Some plants also develop structures to store water especially in the desert like cactus and other desert
plants.
70. Roots of the plants adapt themselves too to their habitat. They differ in sizes and shapes too. These
characteristics are determined by their functions.
71. AQUATIC PLANTS are plants that have adapted to living in an aquatic environment or body of water. They
are also referred as HYDROPHYTES. Aquatic plants can only live in water like water lily, water hyacinth
and seaweeds.
72. Characteristics of Aquatic Plant
 A thin cuticle. Cuticles primarily discourage water loss, thus, most hydrophytes have no need for
cuticles.
 Stomata that are open most of time because water is abundant and therefore there is no need for it to
be retained in the plant. This means that guard cells on the stomata are generally inactive.
 An increased number of stomata, that can be on either side of the leaves.
 A less rigid structure, water pressure supports them.
 Flat leaves on surface plants for flotation.
 Air sacs for flotation.
 Smaller roots. Water can diffuse directly into leaves.
 Feathery roots. No need to support plant.
 Specialized roots able to take in oxygen.
73. Specialized structures are important to plants in order to adapt to their environment. THORNS and HAIRS
are examples of specialized structures among some plants. The water lily have thick and buoyant leaves
while lotus leaves are flat and broad. Water lilies have wide flat leaves that help distribute weight over a
large area thus helping them float. The water hyacinth have long roots so that they can reach the soil under
the water.
Examples:
 Marang / durian – fruits with pungent odor.
 Kalumpang tree – noted for unpleasant smell of flowers yet attract flies to pollinate.
 Bird of Paradise- has a cuticle that filter strong light and guards against excessive water loss.
 Talahib / cogon – have sharp leaves that can cause skin harm or irritation.
 Pineapple- has spines on their leaves.
 Cactus – has fleshy stem to conserve water for a long time.
 Citrus plants – their leaves abd fruits have strong smelling oils that have unpleasant taste.
74. SEEDS are classified into MONOCOTYLEDON or MONOCOT SEEDS and DICOTYLEDON or DICOT
SEEDS. Monocot are seeds having one cotyledon only like in palay, corn and coconut. Dicot seeds are
seeds having two cotyledons like in santol and sampaloc.
75. PARTS OF THE SEEDS
 Seed coat – outer covering of the seed. It protects the seed from injuries, harm and from drying up.
 Cotyledon – the off white and the biggest part of the seed. It provides nourishment or food for the
young plant inside the seeds.
 Embryo – the young plant or immature plant found inside the seed. It develops into a plant.
76. GERMINATION – is the process in which the embryo or baby plant gets energy from the stored food in the
seed and start to grow. It is the first stage in the growth of a young plant.
77. The factors that affect seed germination are water, temperature or warmth, presence of sunlight and air.
Water is needed to activate the enzymes or chemicals that supplies energy for the embryo to grow

D. ECOSYSTEM

78. Living things constantly interact with their environment. Each kind of environment is made up of
BIOTIC ( living things ) and ABIOTIC ( non-living things ) component and interact and depend on one
another in different ways. The many relationships and interactions of living things with each other and with
their environment are studied in a branch of Science called Ecology.
79. Such interactions among living things and their environment enable them to live in units called
ecosystems. An ECOSYSTEM is consist of all living and non-living things in a given area that interact with
one another. An ECOSYSTEM is the largest and the most complex level of organization which consists of
all plants, animals and microorganisms which functions with all the environmental factors such as sunlight,
climate, soil, water, air, space, nutrients, temperature and energy.
80. There are SIX ELEMENTS that keep the ecosystem going. These are the SUN, PRODUCERS, ABIOTIC
SUBSTANCES, PRIMARY CONSUMERS, SECONDARY CONSUMERS and DECOMPOSERS.
81. There are interactions where both species benefit from the relationship and there are also interactions
where one species benefit but the other is neither affected nor harmed. These interactions are beneficial or
important for survival.
82. MUTUALISM is the type of interaction where both species benefit from the relationship. Example: butterfly
and flower.
83. COMMENSALISM is the type of interaction where one organism benefits while the other is not harmed or
not affected. Example: plants and fish in an aquarium
84. PREDATION is the type of interaction where one benefits while the other one is harmed or badly affected.
The one that usually benefit is called the PREDATOR and the one that is harmed is called PREY. This type
of interaction is also called PREDATOR – PREY RELATIONSHIP. Example: birds and worms
85. The sizes of predator and prey population are related to each other. If the number of prey is large, the
number of predators increases. As predators feed upon the prey, the number of prey begin to decrease.
86. PARASITISM is an interaction where the organism that usually benefit are called PARASITE and the one
that is affected is called HOST. The parasite could be internal or external parasites. The INTERNAL
PARASITES are those found inside the body of a host like the ascaris in the human stomach. The
EXTERNAL PARASITE is found outside the body of the host like the aphids in a plant and a tick in a dog’s
body. The parasite must live in a living host and can cause harm or may kill the host.
87. COMPETITION is a harmful type of interaction. It is the striving or vying between organisms for the things
needed for survival. The interaction between the buffalo and the lion is a competition.
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Negros Island Region ( NIR )
Division of Bacolod City
District VII
SUM-AG ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Sum-ag, Bacolod City
_____________________________________________

REVIEWER IN SCIENCE – GRADE FOUR

SECOND QUARTER

Direction: Select the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which is the command center of the body?
A. Blood B. heart C. Brain D. stomach
2. It allows your bones in the knees to bend.
A. Muscles B. Joint C. Femur D. Tendons
3. Which of the following are you going to do if your friend experienced muscle numbness.
A. Apply cold compress. C. Allow her to lie down and stretch her legs.
B. Tell her to jump several times. D. Massage the affected muscle.
4. Which disorder is caused by blood clotting or broken blood vessels?
A. Epilepsy B. stroke C. hypertension D. fracture
5. Which of the following is not a function of the kidneys?
A. Regulates blood pressure. C. It balances the body.
B. Excretes wastes in the blood. D. It serves as framework of the body.
6. Which set of bones protect the lungs and heart?
A. Skull B. ribs C. pelvic bone D. backbone
7. What do you need most when you are tired?
A. Water B. exercise C. air D. rest
8. It is about the size of your fist and located in the middle of the chest cavity?
A. Lungs B. liver C. heart D. kidneys
9. Which does not help your bones and muscles grow, develop and work well?
A. Eating the right kind of food. B. Exercise. C. Eating junk foods. D. Having enough rest.
10. Which ailment is developed in response to prolonged exposure to tobacco smoke?
A. Heart Cancer B. Lung Cancer C. Bone Cancer D. Colon Cancer
11. It protects the major organs of the body.
A. Brain B. bones C. intestine D. stomach
12. It filters the oxygen that enters the body.
A. Heart B. kidneys C. lungs D. muscles
13. It allows the food to be broken down into nutrients.
A. Liver B. heart C. bones D. stomach
14. It removes body wastes like urea and urine.
A. Heart B. kidneys C. stomach D. liver
15. It process information and send instruction.
A. Brain B. muscles C. bones D. intestine
16. It pumps blood, allowing the distribution of nutrients in all parts of the body.
A. Lungs B. liver C. heart D. stomach
17. It allows our bones to move.
A. Joints B. liver C. stomach E. Brain
18. It produces substance needed by the stomach to perform its function.
A. Muscles B. intestine C. liver D. bones
19. It is responsible for man’s ability to learn habits and develop skills.
A. Brain B. lungs C. stomach D. heart
20. It is where final digestion and absorption of food takes place.
A. Stomach B. large intestine C. small intestine D. liver
21. Which group of animals are found in the water habitat?
A. Tadpole, grasshopper, hawk C. horse, goat, monkey
B. Dolphin, carabao, hawk D. fish, squid, crab
22. Birds have beaks that are shaped to suit their food –getting activities. Which of the birds below eat fish?
A. B. C. D.

23. How are frogs, snakes and grasshoppers protected from their prey?
A. They play dead. C. They mimic the shape, smell and sound of their prey.
B. They blend color with their environment. D. They secrete a poisonous substance.
24. Which of these animals have mouth part used for sucking?
A. Mosquito B. carabao C. snake D. dog
25. Which of the following shows protecting animal’s habitat?
I. Destroy animal’s habitat. A. I,II,III C. I,IV, V
II. Provides shelter to pet animals. B. II,III, IV D. III, IV, V
III. Disturb the animals in their habitat.
IV. Leave animal habitat as they are.
V. Maintain animals’ habitat clean.
26. What will happen if animals are removed from their natural habitat? They will ____________.
A. die B. increase in numbers. C. not be affected D. have another body part for adaptation.
27. Animals used their legs to move from place to place. How do cows, carabaos and horses use their hooves?
A. To keep them warm. C. for chewing grass and leaves
B. Help them move in the water. D. help them walk even in hard rocks.
28. Birds and fowls differ in beaks and bills. Why?
A. Due to birth. C. depending on their size.
B. Depending on the food they eat. D. depending on the kind of their feathers.
29. Can all birds fly high?
A. Yes, they have wings. C. No, others have no wings but they are also birds.
B. Yes,they stay in the air all the time. D.No,they have wings, but most of them mostly stay on the ground.
30. Why can fish live in water?
I. They have mouth that can drink much water. A. I and II C. II and III
II. They have tail that help them swim. B. II nad IV D. I and IV
III. They can open their eyes under the water.
IV. They have gills that help them breath in the water.
31. Why is the snake covered with dry scale?
A. It helps them to swim. C. It helps them to become beautiful.
B. It allows fast evaporation. D. It prevents to fast evaporation of the water from its body.
32. Why does a bear in a cold country has thicker fur than the bears living in warm places?
A. Thick fur keeps animals warm. C. Thick fur makes animal strong.
B. Thick fur makes animal cool. D. Thick fur makes animal beautiful.
33. Which of the following group of animals move in the same way?
A. Dog,fish, frog B. snakes, duck, worm C. fish,turtle, monkey D. bird,butterfly,mosquito
34. Which of the following animal feet enable them to swim?
A. B. C. D.

35. An animal has big hind legs. Which of the following movement can it do?
A. Flying B. hopping C. running D. walking
36. How does ostrich protect itself from enemies?
A. It runs fast. B. It flies. C. It hides himself in a shell. D. It has horn for fighting.
37. Mang Tino lives along the seashore. He is planning to put up business. Which of the following may he do?
A. Piggery B. poultry C. fishery D. cattle raising
38. Why do eagles can live in high places? Because of their _______________.
A. Claws B. eyes C. feathers D. wings
39. Some plants possesses special structures and characteristics which they use for defense., survival and
food getting. Which of the following plants have thorns so that animals cannot touch and eat them?
A. Mayana and Sta. Ana B.Little Angel and Rosal C.Kamuning and Gumamela D.Bougainvilla and Rose
40. One morning, my younger sister water her plants. Among her plants, she noticed that gabi leaves has
more water on its top or what we call the morning dew. How do you call the protective structure that prevent
damage of the inner part of this plant?
A. Thorns B. waxy stem C. waxy leaves D. bad taste
41. Mang Erning is a farmer. Last month, he planted his field with sugar cane and corn. Every weekend, he
visits his plants to remove weeds. He also cultivate the soil by means of plow. He uses shirts with long
 sleeves so that his skin won’t brushes against the leaves of his plants. How do these plants protect
themselves from enemies?
A. Their leaves have hair-like structures. C. Bad smell.
B. Their leaves taste better. D. their leaves have thorns.
42. Isabel went to her garden. This garden was full of flowering plants. She enjoyed looking at them. She
wonders why roses and bougainvillea plants were not planted inside the fence. What structures protect
from predators?
A. Their stems have thorns that protect them. C. They have sharp leaf blades.
B. They have unpleasant smell. D. their leaves are poisonous.
43. Some plants like cacti and other plant in the desert can grow in dry places for a long period of time. They
can withstand the heat of the sun. What structure helps them survive in this environment?
A. They have thick bark. C. They have fine hair.
B. They have sharp leaf edge. D. They possess thick and fleshy stems that prevent loss of water.
44. Mangrove seeds germinate while attached to the tree. How does this help in a muddy habitat?
A. The germinating seeds grow leaves before dropping to the ground.
B. The seeds are not easily seen by feeding animals.
C. The seeds float in the water and grow in a distant place.
D. When the seeds drop, they easily take root.
45. What characteristics make the water hyacinth float?
A. Lightweight of the plant. C. Bulbous stem filled with water.
B. Spreading feathery root system. D. light rounded waxy leaves.
46. Why can a mangrove tree withstand with strong waves and shifting sand along seacoast?
A. Its spreading branches easily bend with the wind. C. It has a strong main trunk.
B. It has spreading roots arising from the trunk. D. Its branches and bark are covered by thick bark.
47. Last week, my friend received a gift from her father. It was a big-mouth clear jar with a plant floating on it.
What do you think is the plant inside the jar? A. orchids B. water lily C. rosal D. onion
48. Why grazing animals don’t feed on cogon and talahib grass?
A. Those plant have offensive odor. C. Those plants are poisonous.
B. Those plants have razor-sharp leaf blades. D. those plants have thorns.
49. Which characteristic describe a shrub that makes it different from herbs?
A. Having a woody hard stem. C. having many leaves.
B. Having seeds in the fruit. D. Those plants have thorns.
50. If plants are placed in a dark room for a long time, they cannot stay alive. Why?
A. Because they cannot make their own food without the help of sunlight. C. Because of lack of soil.
B. Because of lack of water. D. Because of insufficient amount of air.
51. Which of the following is an example of a terrestrial plant.
A. Talahib B. Duckweeds C. Algae D. sea lettuce
52. What characteristic of the cactus plant help it to revive in the desert?
A. It has no leaves through which water escapes to the atmosphere. C. A only.
B. It has spines that protect it from the enemies. D. A and B
53. Enclose a leafy stem in the plastic bag. Tie the opening of the plastic with rubber band. What do you
observed?
A. Water droplets are formed inside the plastic bag. C. The leaves turned yellow.
B. Smoke is formed inside the plastic bag. D. The stem and leaves produce flowers.
54. Which of the following is a function of root?
A. It anchors the plant to the ground. C. It produces seeds.
B. It makes food through photosynthesis. D. It supports the leaves.
55. Bulbs are underground stem that store food. Which of the following plants grow by bulbs?
A. Onions B. Potato C. Radish D. Ginger
56. What do you call the spines and thorns of the plants which they use to protect themselves from danger?
A. Enemies of the plant. B. Adaptive structure. C. Plant disease. D. Camouflage
57. Plants have many parts. Each plant organ has a particular use or functions. Which of the following best
describe the functions of leaves?
A. They transport substances in all parts of the plant.
B. They absorb nutrients and water in the soil.
C. They absorb energy from the sun and carbon dioxide from the air for photosynthesis.
D. They produce fruit with seeds in them.
58. There are different people who work with plants. What do you call to those who have knowledge of the
varieties of plants in ornamental gardening and landscaping?
A. Bryologist B. Herbalist C. Horticulturist D. Pomologist
59. The caterpillar transform into adult called ____________.
A. Pupa B. larvae C. butterfly D. eggs
60. The first stage of complete metamorphosis is ________. A. egg B. pupa C. larvae D. nymp
61. Animal with 4 stages in its life cycle is called _____________ metamorphosis.
A. Complete B. Incomplete C. New Born D. Lifeless
62. The second stage of metamorphosis is called ________. A. egg B. larva C. pupa D adult
63. Which of the following is not needed by plant?
A. Soil B. water C. sunlight D. plastic
64. What is the young plant found inside the seed? A. cotyledon B. seed coat C. embryo D. none
65. How many cotyledons does a monocot plant have? A. one B. two C. three D. none
66. The third stage in complete metamorphosis is called _____. A. pupa B. egg C. adult D. none
67. How many stages are present in an incomplete metamorphosis? A. two B. one C. three D. four
68. ________ is a kind of interaction in which both organism benefit from each other?
A. Commensalism B. competition C. mutualism D. parasitism
69. A kind of interaction wherein one organism kills smaller organism for food.
A. Predation B. parasitism C. mutualism D. competition
70. An interaction among organisms where one benefits while the other is not benefited or harmed.
A. Parasitism B. mutualism C. competition D. commensalism
71. A symbolic relationship where one organism depends on the host for food, protection and reproduction.
A. Competition B. Mutualism C. Parasitism D. Predation
72. An interaction where two organisms compete for survival.
A. Predation B. Parasitism C. Mutualism D. Competition
73. What is the study of the interaction of living things with one another and with its environment?
A. Community B. Ecology C. Ecosystem D. Population
74. Which of the following illustrations best represent the ecosystem?
A. ECOSYSTEM C. ECOSYSTEM

Living Community Non-living Community Living Community Non-living Community

B. ECOSYSTEM D. ECOSYSTEM

Living Community Non-living Community Living Community Non-living Community

75. What kind of interaction is shown in the diagram?

FARM PALAY CHICK SNAKE HAWK