Department of Education

Region V - Bicol
Daet, Camarines Norte
Detailed Lesson Plan in Teaching Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
July 17, 2019

Learner Competency
Determine the parts and function of the basic refrigeration system
Content Standard
Demonstrates understanding of concepts, theories and principles of refrigeration
Performance Standard
The learner independently identify the fundamental parts of refrigeration system

I. Objectives
a. Distinguish basic parts of the refrigeration system
b. Evaluate the functions of fundamental components of the system
c. Explicate the process and the diagram of refrigeration system

II. Subject Matter

TOPIC: Fundamental Parts and Process of the Refrigeration System
Reference/Author:
Materials: Laptop, Projector/LCD TV, Whiteboard/Blackboard,
Marker/Chalk
Skills to Develop: Learners should be able to distinguish fundamental parts of the
refrigeration system
Valuing Process: Enable the learner to save energy consumption through proper
usage of household refrigerators
Integration: Thermodynamics would be incorporated in this topic to further
explain theories and principles behind refrigeration process

III. Procedures/ Strategies

Teachers Activity Students Activity

A. Preparatory Act

1. Greetings

“Good Morning Class….” Good Morning Sir!

“Before we start the class let us pray (One Student will lead the Prayer)
first”

2. Classroom management

3. Checking of Attendance
(Students will tell who’s absent for the
“Say present if you’re here” current day)

B. Review
“So how’s your day my good students? Yes Sir! We feel great today
Are you felling all well today?”

“That is very good to know. So, are you

ready for the next lesson we will tackle Yes Sir!
today?”
 “But before we start, I would like all of
you to know that the main objective of
our next lesson is for you to be able:
a. Distinguish basic parts of the
refrigeration system
b. Evaluate the functions of
fundamental components of
the system
c. Explicate the process and the
diagram of refrigeration system

“Let’s begin our day with an activity!

Are you ready?” Yes Sir!

“Does anyone of you have seen a

refrigerator?”
“What does it do? Can you give me an
unforgettable experience of you
handling/using a refrigerator?”
“Very good! Thanks for sharing your
wonderful experience! Let’s give a
round of applause for Ms. Dina!”
Me Sir! I have seen a refrigerator at
the canteen!
It preserves food stored in it. My
unforgettable experience on using
refrigerator is when the lights turns on
when I open it, and when I close it the
lights also turns off. I was really
amazed by this phenomenon sir!
*Students gives a round of applause

“Class, can someone of you, give me a

reason why to use and not to use a
refrigerator at your own house?”
“Sir! I think the reason to use
refrigerator is to economically save
food for future consumption making
their shelf life much longer than usual.
But on the other hand, it is better not
to use refrigerator so that we would
be disciplined on consuming food that
is just at the right amount on what we
need in a daily basis and help conserve
energy in our society.

“Such a nice answer! Let’s give him a

round of applause. Very good Mr.
Raymundo” *Students gives a round of applause

C. Discussion

“Now that you have a gist about

refrigerators. Let’s talk about it!”

“The basic refrigeration system has

fundamental parts/components that we
all must know in order for us to found
out the underlying concepts in the
process of refrigeration. “

“Refer to the PPT presentation I’ve

prepared for you”

*Teacher shows the ppt presentation

“These are the four (4) basic

components of the refrigeration
system: Compressor, Condenser,
Expansion Valve and the Evaporator”

“Are you familiar with these

components class?” “No sir, Were not that familiar with all
of the components but we sure do
hear about the compressor.”
“Oh, okay. Then, let me introduce you
the compressor.”

“The compressor is the heart of the

refrigeration system, without it the
process would be useless because it
plays the most important role. It pumps
up the refrigerant inside the system
making it undergoes into a cyclic
process of refrigeration.”

“Have you seen a compressor before?”

“Yes sir! It is the black thing which is
under the refrigerator and makes
some vibrating sound whenever I
inspect it. It is usually hot and radiate
some heat that I could feel at some
distance.”
“Absolutely correct! Here’s some
picture of it”

“Let’s move on to the next part of the

system which is the condenser”

“Does anyone of you knew about it?”

“Me sir! I know about the condenser,
it is a part of the refrigerator that gives
off heat towards the surroundings in
order to liquefy the hot compressed
refrigerant pumped by the
compressor. Usually, it can be seen as
the metal loop around located at the
back of the refrigerator. “
“Very well! Does anyone in here put
there wet clothes in the back of the
refrigerator?
“Yes of course! Just as your classmate
have said, it was dried quickly due to
the heat emitted by the condenser of
the refrigerator.”
“Now let’s move on to the next part of
the system, it’s the ….”
“What do you know about the
expansion valve?”
“Your right! Sub cooled liquid is another
term for compressed liquid. The main
purpose of it derives from the Gay-
Lussac Law.”
“What is the Gay-Lussac Law?”
“Yes that is correct! Therefore, the role
of the expansion valve is to make the
refrigerant lose its pressure making it
much colder.”
“In line with this is the next part of the
system which is ….”
“I am sir! I’ve experienced that kind of
stuff when my mother hang my
clothes at the back of the refrigerator.
I was amazed that it dried just by
hanging overnight!”
“Expansion Valve!”
“The expansion valve receives the
liquefied refrigerant coming from the
condenser. It lowers the pressure of
the refrigerant making it goes into a
state called sub cooled liquid”
“The law states that the pressure of a
substance held at constant volume is
directly proportional to the
temperature. Therefore, when the
pressure goes up, the temperature of
the substance also rise up.”
“The evaporator sir! In this part of the
system, heat is absorbed from the
food inside the refrigerator making the
refrigerant turns into saturated vapor.

“What do you think is correct in the
process involving the evaporator, does
the heat coming from the food inside
the ref. is absorb by the evaporator or
does the evaporator gives coldness
making the food loses its heat content?”
“Very well done! You have explained it
meticulously! Now class, lets sum up
our discussion for today!”
*Teacher shows the remaining slide
Abstraction
“Now, according to the diagram
presented upon you, who can sum up
our discussion for today presenting the
cyclic process of refrigeration system?”
In this state, it can no longer hold
more heat energy so it will go into the
compressor to be recirculated again to
the system. Once the temperature in
the evaporator is maintained with the
help of thermostat, the compressor
would stop pumping until the desired
temperature doesn’t changes.”
“According to the Second Law of
Thermodynamics (Clasius Statement, It
is not possible for any device operating
in a cycle to transfer heat from a low
temperature body to high
temperature body without any net
work input”
“Therefore it means that heat transfer
from a high temperature body to the
low temperature body.”
“In the evaporator, the evaporator
coils have lower temperature than the
food inside the freezer. Therefore we
conclude that the heat transfer from
the food into the evaporator and
cannot be done vice versa.”
“Sir! I am! Based from the diagram,
the first process we can see is the
compression of the refrigerant. The
compressor pumps the refrigerant into
the condenser making it a superheated
vapor upon the process of
compression. “
“Next is the process of condensation,
in this state, the heat of refrigerant is
released to the surroundings through
the use of condenser coils.”
 “Then, the refrigerant becomes
saturated liquid but is highly
pressurized. Now it goes through the
expansion valve, lowering its pressure,
making its temperature drop
significantly.”

“Now it will circulate to the evaporator

coils to collect heat from the food
inside the refrigerator until such time
it can no longer hold more heat.”

“Lastly, it will undergo compression

process in order to repeat the cycle.”

“Very well! You have summarized our topic

for today! Well done! Let’s give him a round
of applause!

Application

“Class we will have an activity for today,

I will give you names and pictures of
basic part of the refrigeration system
printed in a piece of bond paper. This
will be distributed to all of you
randomly, each of you will have just one
piece of paper, either the name or the *Coupon bonds with printed
picture of the basic part. After refrigeration parts name and
distribution, read/memorize the illustrations are given while I am
illustration in the paper and fold it so discussing the instruction
that it is not exposed with your
seatmate. After folding, write your
complete name at the back. As you can
see, I have boxes here labeled one (1) to
four (4). I will dictate some function
corresponding with the numbered
boxes and you will have to determine
which box your paper belongs to. “

“Are we clear?” “Yes sir!

“Okay, let’s start!”

“For Number 1 (Compressor): It is the

heart of the refrigeration system.”

“Number 2 (Evaporator): This part is

where the heat coming from the food is
absorbed by the system”

“Number 3 (Condenser): This is where

the system gives off heat to the
surroundings”
 “Number 4 (Expansion Valve): This is “Yes Sir!”
where sudden temperature drop is
held”
*Students will drop their papers inside
“Class, are the functions clear to you?” the boxes

“Okay, starting from the person in front,

drop your answers inside the box you *The Students finished dropping their
think your paper belongs to. Do it in answers
orderly way”

*Teacher will draw one (1) paper from

each box and will reveal the answer.

“Very good class! You all did great!

Have a round of applause for every each
of you! “

IV. Evaluation

“Now class, get 1/2 sheet of paper “Okay Sir!”

(crosswise) for your evaluation for
today”

Direction:
Express your answer in paragraph or
bullet form depending upon your style of
answering. Minimum of 100 words.

“What is the essence of knowing the

fundamental parts and process of refrigeration
system? How does it helps you in your everyday
living?

“Yes Sir!”
“Are you done class? Pass your paper
forward.”

V. Assignment
For your assignment study and jot down in your notes the auxiliary parts of the refrigeration
system. Provide pictures and corresponding functions.

Good bye class! Have a nice day!

Prepared by:

__Engr. Norman S. Lo___

SHS Applicant