ELEK SafeGrid Report 12-09-2019, 14:34

Project:
Project
Scenario:
Scenario 1

Design Inputs

Table1 Soil characteristics

Determine values using soil modelling
Model program (S-RES)
Top layer resistivity (Ohm.m) 39.525
Top layer depth (m) 15.735
Bottom layer resistivity (Ohm.m) 7865.432

Refer to separate page for LM-RES soil modelling.

Table2 Grid energisation

Determine using fault current distribution

Source program (EFCD)
Units Current (A)
Magnitude (real) 40
Magnitude (imag) -9

Table3 Grid and rod conductor size

Method Specify grid conductor radius
Conductor radius (mm) 4.72

Table4 Measurement units

Units Metric

Table5 System

Frequency (Hz) 50

Software by Electrotechnik Page 1 of 11

ELEK SafeGrid V4.0
- www.ELEK.com.au
ELEK SafeGrid Report 12-09-2019, 14:34

Fault Current Distribution

Table6 User Inputs

Calculations mode Standard cases

CASE 1 - Two subs., Cables SC, Solid
Case description bonded, Local 1ph-e fault
Fault current (A) 1000 +0 i
Length (m) 1000 +0 i
Soil electrical resistivity (Ohm.m) 100 +0 i
Earth grid (local) resistance (Ohm) 1 +0 i
Earth grid (remote) resistance (Ohm) 1 +0 i
Cond. A position, Z (m) 0.5
Cond. A position, Y (m) 0
Cond. B position, Z (m) 0.5
Cond. B position, Y (m) 0.5
Cond. C position, Z (m) 0.5
Cond. C position, Y (m) 1
Phase cond. diameter (mm) 11.5
Phase cond. a.c. resistance (Ohm/km) 0.247
Screen outer diameter (mm) 22.7
Screen thickness (mm) 0.85
Screen a.c. resistance (Ohm/km) 0.265

Figure1 CASE 1 - Two subs., Cables SC, Solid bonded, Local 1ph-e fault

Table7 Results: Fault currents

Element Name [start, end node no.] Fault current (A)
PHASE CONDUCTOR (FAULTED) [1, 4] -1000 -0 i (100 %)
SCREEN 1 [2, 5] 656 +334 i (74 %)
SCREEN 2 [2, 5] 181 -161 i (24 %)

Software by Electrotechnik Page 2 of 11

ELEK SafeGrid V4.0
- www.ELEK.com.au
ELEK SafeGrid Report 12-09-2019, 14:34

Element Name [start, end node no.] Fault current (A)

SCREEN 3 [2, 5] 123 -165 i (21 %)
FICTICIOUS EARTH RETURN [3, 6] 40 -9 i (4 %)
EG LOCAL [2, 3] 40 -9 i (4 %)
EG REMOTE [5, 6] -40 +9 i (4 %)
SHORT-CCT [1, 2] 1000 +0 i (100 %)

Software by Electrotechnik Page 3 of 11

ELEK SafeGrid V4.0
- www.ELEK.com.au
ELEK SafeGrid Report 12-09-2019, 14:34

Levenberg-Marquardt Soil Resistivity (LM-RES) Modelling

Table8 User Inputs

Soil model Horizontal 2-Layer

Measurement method Wenner
Measurement values Resistivity (Ohm.m)
Account for probe depth? (True/False) FALSE
Driven depth at short spacings (m) -
Remove outliers? (True/False) FALSE

Table9 Field measurements

Included?
Spacing (m) Resistivity (Ohm.m) (True/False)
R1 0.5 73.7 FALSE
R2 1 47.9 TRUE
R3 2 45.2 TRUE
R4 3 42.8 TRUE
R5 4 41.9 TRUE
R6 5 40.9 TRUE
R7 6 39.2 TRUE
R8 7 37.7 TRUE
R9 8 38.6 TRUE
R10 9 40.1 TRUE
R11 10 42.5 TRUE
R12 15 46.1 TRUE
R13 20 82.1 TRUE

Table10 Results
Top layer soil resistivity (Ohm.m) 39.525
Top layer depth (m) 15.735
Bottom layer soil resistivity (Ohm.m) 7865.432
Reflection factor, k 0.99
Goodness of Fit (R-square) 6.574

Software by Electrotechnik Page 4 of 11

ELEK SafeGrid V4.0
- www.ELEK.com.au
ELEK SafeGrid Report 12-09-2019, 14:34

Figure2 Non-linear model fit to field measurements

Software by Electrotechnik Page 5 of 11

ELEK SafeGrid V4.0
- www.ELEK.com.au
ELEK SafeGrid Report 12-09-2019, 14:34

Buried Grid Model

Table11 Segments

No. of segments accounting for

intersections only 228
No. of segments after segmentation (for
accuracy) 228
Fault location (segment no.) 1
Total length of conductor network (m) 1661.839

Figure3 Buried grid preview

Software by Electrotechnik Page 6 of 11

ELEK SafeGrid V4.0
- www.ELEK.com.au
ELEK SafeGrid Report 12-09-2019, 14:34

Safety Criteria Calculation

Table12 User Inputs

Safety standard (body resistance) IEC

Fibrillation current method C1 - IEC
Body resistance curve (IEC) 95% of population exceeds curve
Conditions (IEC) Dry
Foot resistance calculation method IEEE80:2000
Additional series resistance (i.e. shoe or
glove) (Ohms) 0
Fault clearing time (s) 0.5
System frequency (Hz) 50
System X/R ratio 20
Decrement factor Default
Decrement factor value 1.062

Sub-surface layer resistivity (Ohm.m) 100

Use top layer soil resistivity? (True/False) TRUE
Surface material resistivity (Ohm.m) 500
Surface layer depth (m) 0.18

Table13 Results
Allowable Touch Voltage Limit (V) 200.069
Allowable Step Voltage Limit (V) 430.535
Permissible body current (A) 0.098
Body resistance - 1 hand to both feet
(Ohms) 2076.378
Body resistance - 1 foot to other foot
(Ohms) 2076.378

Software by Electrotechnik Page 7 of 11

ELEK SafeGrid V4.0
- www.ELEK.com.au
ELEK SafeGrid Report 12-09-2019, 14:34

Earthing System Performance

Table14 Results
Grid Impedance, Z (Ohms) 1.813
Grid Impedance Angle (degrees) 0.096
Grid Potential Rise, GPR (V) 74.616
Grid Potential Rise Angle (degrees) -12.376

Table15 Summary of Inputs

Top soil layer resistivity (Ohm.m) 39.52

Depth top soil layer (m) 15.73
Bottom soil layer resistivity (Ohm.m) 7865.43
Excitation current (A) 40.18-j8.886576
Faulted segment no. 1
Final no. of segments 228
Conductor radius (m) 0.00472
Conductivity of buried conductor (S/m) 57E+6
Frequency (Hz) 50
Calculation delta 0.001

Software by Electrotechnik Page 8 of 11

ELEK SafeGrid V4.0
- www.ELEK.com.au
ELEK SafeGrid Report 12-09-2019, 14:34

Figure4 Surface potentials (V) - 3D view

Figure5 Surface potentials (V) - 2D view

Figure6 Touch potentials (V) - 3D view

Software by Electrotechnik Page 9 of 11

ELEK SafeGrid V4.0
- www.ELEK.com.au
ELEK SafeGrid Report 12-09-2019, 14:34

Figure7 Touch potentials (V) - 2D view

Figure8 Step potentials (V) - 3D view

Software by Electrotechnik Page 10 of 11

ELEK SafeGrid V4.0
- www.ELEK.com.au
ELEK SafeGrid Report 12-09-2019, 14:34

Figure9 Step potentials (V) - 2D view

Software by Electrotechnik Page 11 of 11

ELEK SafeGrid V4.0
- www.ELEK.com.au