Model Analysis & Design of Slabs Use Etabs & Mathcad PDF

CSI ETABS & SAFE MANUAL
Part‐III: Model Analysis & Design of Slabs
According to Eurocode 2
AUTHOR: VALENTINOS NEOPHYTOU BEng (Hons), MSc
REVISION 2: August, 2014

ABOUT THIS DOCUMENT
This document presents an example of analysis design of slab using ETABS.

This example examines a simple single story building, which is regular in plan
and elevation. It is examining and compares the calculated ultimate moment
from CSI ETABS & SAFE with hand calculation. Moment coefficients were
used to calculate the ultimate moment. However it is good practice that such
hand analysis methods are used to verify the output of more sophisticated
methods.
Also, this document contains simple procedure (step-by-step) of how to

design solid slab according to Eurocode 2.The process of designing elements
will not be revolutionised as a result of using Eurocode 2.
Due to time constraints and knowledge, I may not be able to address the
whole issues.
Please send me your suggestions for improvement. Anyone interested to

share his/her knowledge or willing to contribute either totally a new section
about ETABS or within this section is encouraged.
For further details:
My LinkedIn Profile:
http://www.linkedin.com/profile/view?id=125833097&trk=hb_tab_pro_top
Email: valentinos_n@hotmail.com
Slideshare Account:http://www.slideshare.net/ValentinosNeophytou
2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. SLAB MODELING .................................................................................... 4
2. THEORETICAL CALCULATION OF ULTIMATE MOMENTS ......... 5
3. DESIGN OF SLAB ACCORDING TO EUROCODE 2 ........................... 7
4. WORKED EXAMPLE : ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RC SLAB

USING CSI ETABS AND SAFE .............................................................. 11
5. ANALYSIS RESULTS ............................................................................. 17
6. DESIGN THE SLAB FOR FLEXURAL USING MOMENT CAPACITY

VALUES .................................................................................................... 19
ANNEX A - EXAMPLE OF HOW TO DETERMINE THE DESIGN BENDING

MOMENT USING MOMENT COEFFICIENTS...…………………….22
ANNEX B - EXAMPLE OF HOW TO DETERMINE THE MOMENT CAPACITY

OF RC SLAB………………………………………………………..…….28
ANNEX C - EXAMPLE OF DESIGN SLAB PANEL WITH TWO

DISCONTINUOUS EDGES…………..…..………………………..…….32
ANNEX D - EXAMPLE OF DESIGN SLAB PANEL WITH ONE

DISCONTINUOUS EDGES………………………………………..…….48
ANNEX E - EXAMPLE OF DESIGN INTERIOR PANEL SLAB..…………..…….65
3
1. SLAB MODELING
1.1 ASSUMPTIONS
In preparing this document a number of assumptions have been made to avoid over
complication; the assumptions and their implications are as follows.
a) Element type : SHELL
b) Meshing (Sizing of element) : Size= min{Lmax/10 or l000mm}
c) Element shape : Ratio= Lmax/Lmin = 1 ≤ ratio ≤ 2
d) Acceptable error : 20%
1.2 INITIAL STEP BEFORE RUN THE ANALYSIS
a) Sketch out by hand the expected results before carrying out the analysis.
b) Calculate by hand the total applied loads and compare these with the sum of
the reactions from the model results.
4
2. THEORETICAL CALCULATION OF ULTIMATE MOMENTS
Maximum moments of two-way slabs
If ly/lx<2: Design as a Two-way slab

If lx/ly> 2: Deisgn as a One-way slab
Note: lx is the longer span

ly is the shorter span
Maximum moment of Simply supported (pinned) two-way slab
Bending moment coefficient for simply supported slab

Msx= asxnlx2 in n: is the ultimate load m2
direction of span lx ly/lx 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.75 2.0
Msy= asynlx2 in n: is the ultimate load m2 asx 0.062 0.074 0.084 0.093 0.099 0.104 0.113 0.118
direction of span ly asy 0.062 0.061 0.059 0.055 0.051 0.046 0.037 0.029
Maximum moment of Restrained supported (fixed) two-way slab
Msx= asxnlx2 in n: is the ultimate load m2

direction of span lx
Msy= asynlx2 in n: is the ultimate load m2
direction of span ly
Bending moment coefficient for two way rectangular slab supported by beams
(Manual of EC2 ,Table 5.3)
Type of panel and moment Short span coefficient for value of Ly/Lx Long-span coefficients for all
considered 1.0 1.25 1.5 1.75 2.0 values of Ly/Lx
Interior panels
Negative moment at continuous edge 0.031 0.044 0.053 0.059 0.063 0.032
Positive moment at midspan 0.024 0.034 0.040 0.044 0.048 0.024
One short edge discontinuous
One long edge discontinuous
Two adjacent edges discontinuous
5
Maximum moments of one-way slabs
If ly/lx<2: Design as a Two-way slab

If lx/ly> 2: Deisgn as a One-way slab
Note: lxis the longer span

lyis the shorter span
Maximum moment of Simply supported (pinned) Maximum moment of continuous supported one-
one-way slab way slab
(Manual of EC2, Table 5.2) (Manual of EC2 ,Table 5.2)
L: is the effective span
F: is the total ultimate Uniformly distributed loads
MEd= 0.086FL load =1.35Gk+1.5Qk End support condition Moment
L: is the effective span End support support MEd =-0.040FL
Note: Allowance has been made in the coefficients in End span MEd =0.075FL
Table 5.2 for 20% redistribution of moments. Penultimate support MEd= -0.086FL
Interior spans MEd =0.063FL
Interior supports MEd =-0.063FL
F: total design ultimate load on span
L: is the effective span
Note: Allowance has been made in the coefficients in

Table 5.2 for 20% redistribution of moments.
6
3. DESIGN OF SLAB ACCORDING TO EUROCODE 2
FLEXURAL DESIGN
(EN1992-1-1,cl. 6.1)
Determine design yield strength of reinforcement

𝑓𝑦𝑘
𝑓𝑦𝑑 =
𝛾𝑠
Determine K from:
𝑀𝐸𝑑 δ=1.0 for no redistribution
𝐾= 2
𝑏𝑑 𝑓𝑐𝑘 δ=0.85 for 15% redistribution
𝐾 ′ = 0.6𝛿 − 0.18𝛿 2 − 0.21 δ=0.7 for 30% redistribution
K<K′ (no compression reinforcement required) K>K′(then compression reinforcement required –

not recommended for typical slab)
𝑑 𝑑
Obtain lever arm z:𝑧 = 2
1 + 1 − 3.53𝐾 ≤ 0.95𝑑 Obtain lever arm z:𝑧 = 2
1 + 1 − 3.53𝐾 ′ ≤ 0.95𝑑
Area of steel reinforcement required:

One way solid slab Two way solid slab
𝑀𝐸𝑑 𝑀𝐸𝑑 ,𝑠𝑥

𝐴𝑠.𝑟𝑒𝑞 = 𝐴𝑠𝑥 .𝑟𝑒𝑞 =
𝑓𝑦𝑑 𝑧 𝑓𝑦𝑑 𝑧
𝑀𝐸𝑑 ,𝑠𝑦
𝐴𝑠𝑦 .𝑟𝑒𝑞 =
𝑓𝑦𝑑 𝑧
For slabs, provide group of bars with area As.prov per meter width
Spacing of bars (mm)
75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300

8 670 503 402 335 287 251 223 201 183 168
10 1047 785 628 524 449 393 349 314 286 262
Bar 12 1508 1131 905 754 646 565 503 452 411 377
Diameter 16 2681 2011 1608 1340 1149 1005 894 804 731 670
(mm) 20 4189 3142 2513 2094 1795 1571 1396 1257 1142 1047
25 6545 4909 3927 3272 2805 2454 2182 1963 1785 1636
32 10723 8042 6434 5362 4596 4021 3574 3217 2925 2681
For beams, provide group of bars with area As. prov
Number of bars
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
8 50 101 151 201 251 302 352 402 452 503
10 79 157 236 314 393 471 550 628 707 785
Bar 12 113 226 339 452 565 679 792 905 1018 1131
Diameter 16 201 402 603 804 1005 1206 1407 1608 1810 2011
(mm) 20 314 628 942 1257 1571 1885 2199 2513 2827 3142
25 491 982 1473 1963 2454 2945 3436 3927 4418 4909
32 804 1608 2413 3217 4021 4825 5630 6434 7238 8042
Check of the amount of reinforcement provided above the “minimum/maximum amount of

reinforcement “limit
(CYS NA EN1992-1-1, cl. NA 2.49(1)(3))
0.26𝑓𝑐𝑡𝑚 𝑏𝑑
𝐴𝑠,𝑚𝑖𝑛 = ≥ 0.0013𝑏𝑑 ≤ 𝐴𝑠,𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣 ≤ 𝐴𝑠,𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.04𝐴𝑐
𝑓𝑦𝑘
7
SHEAR FORCE DESIGN
(EN1992-1-1,cl 6.2)
Maximum moment of Simply supported (pinned) Maximum shear force of continuous supported
one-way slab one-way slab
(Manual of EC2, Table 5.2) (Manual of EC2 ,Table 5.2)
F: is the total ultimate Uniformly distributed loads

MEd= 0.4F load =1.35Gk+1.5Qk End support condition Moment
End support support MEd =0.046F
Penultimate support MEd= 0.6F
Interior supports MEd =0.5F
F: total design ultimate load on span
Determine design shear stress, vEd

vEd=VEd/b·d
Reinforcement ratio, ρ1 (EN1992-1-1, cl 6.2.2(1))

ρ1=As/b·d
Design shear resistance

200
𝑘 =1+ ≤ 2,0with 𝑑 in mm
𝑑
0.18 1
𝑉𝑅𝑑 .𝑐 = 𝑘 100𝜌1 𝑓𝑐𝑘 3 + 𝑘1 𝜎𝑐𝑝 𝑏𝑑
𝛾𝑐
𝑉𝑅𝑑 .𝑐.𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.0035 𝑓𝑐𝑘 𝑘1.5 + 𝑘1 𝜎𝑐𝑝 𝑏𝑑
Alternative value of design shear resistance, VRd.c (Concrete centre) (ΜΡa)

ρI = Effective depth, d (mm)
As/(bd)
≤200 225 250 275 300 350 400 450 500 600 750
0.25% 0.54 0.52 0.50 0.48 0.47 0.45 0.43 0.41 0.40 0.38 0.36
0.50% 0.59 0.57 0.56 0.55 0.54 0.52 0.51 0.49 0.48 0.47 0.45
0.75% 0.68 0.66 0.64 0.63 0.62 0.59 0.58 0.56 0.55 0.53 0.51
1.00% 0.75 0.72 0.71 0.69 0.68 0.65 0.64 0.62 0.61 0.59 0.57
1.25% 0.80 0.78 0.76 0.74 0.73 0.71 0.69 0.67 0.66 0.63 0.61
1.50% 0.85 0.83 0.81 0.79 0.78 0.75 0.73 0.71 0.70 0.67 0.65
1.75% 0.90 0.87 0.85 0.83 0.82 0.79 0.77 0.75 0.73 0.71 0.68
≥2.00% 0.94 0.91 0.89 0.87 0.85 0.82 0.80 0.78 0.77 0.74 0.71
k 2.000 1.943 1.894 1.853 1.816 1.756 1.707 1.667 1.632 1.577 1.516
Table derived from: vRd.c=0.12k(100ρIfck)1/3≥0.035k1.5fck0.5
where k=1+(200/d)0.5≤0.02
If VRdc≥VEd≥VRdc.min, Concrete strut is adequate in resisting shear

stress
Shear reinforcement is not required in slabs

8
DESIGN FOR CRACKING
(EN1992-1-1,cl.7.3)
Minimum area of reinforcement steel kc=0.4 for bending k=1 for web
within tensile zone width < 300mm or k=0.65for web >
(EN1992-1-1,Eq. 7.1) 800mm fct,eff= fctm = tensile strength after 28
days Act=Area of concrete in tension=b (h-
𝑘𝑘𝑐 𝑓𝑐𝑡 ,𝑒𝑓𝑓 𝐴𝑐𝑡 (2.5(d-z))) σs=max stress in steel
𝐴𝑠.𝑚𝑖𝑛 =
𝜎𝑠 immediately after crack initiation
𝐴𝑠.𝑟𝑒𝑞 1 𝐴𝑠.𝑟𝑒𝑞
𝜎𝑠 = 𝜎𝑠𝑢 𝐴𝑠.𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣 𝛿
or 𝜎𝑠 = 0.62 𝐴𝑠.𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣
𝑓𝑦𝑘
Chart to calculate unmodified steel stress σsu

(Concrete Centre - www.concretecentre.com)
Asmin<As.prov
Crack widths have an influence on the durability of the RC member. Maximum crack width
sizes can be determined from the table below (knowing σs, bar diameter, and spacing).
Maximum bar diameter and maximum spacing to limit crack widths
(EN1992-1-1,table7.2N&7.3N)
σs Maximum bar diameter and spacing for

(N/mm2) maximum crack width of:
0.2mm 0.3mm 0.4mm
160 25 200 32 300 40 300
200 16 150 25 250 32 300
240 12 100 16 200 20 250
280 8 50 12 150 16 200
300 6 - 10 100 12 150
Note. The table demonstrates that cracks widths can be reduced if;
 σs is reduced
 Bar diameter is reduced. This mean that spacing is reduced if As.provis to be the
same.
 Spacing is reduced
9
DESIGN FOR DEFLECTION
(EN1992-1-1,cl.7.4)
Simplified Calculation approach
Span/effective depth ratio

(EN1992-1-1, Eq. 7.16a and 7.16b)
The effect of cracking complicacies the deflection calculations of the RC member under
service load. To avoid such complicate calculations, a limit placed upon the span/effective
depth ration.
𝑙 𝜌0 𝜌0 1.5
= 𝐾 11 + 1.5 𝑓𝑐𝑘 + 3.2 𝑓𝑐𝑘 −1 𝑖𝑓𝜌 ≤ 𝜌0
𝑑 𝜌 𝜌
𝑙 𝜌0 1 𝜌,
= 𝐾 11 + 1.5 𝑓𝑐𝑘 + 𝑓𝑐𝑘 𝑖𝑓𝜌 > 𝜌0
𝑑 𝜌 − 𝜌 ′ 12 𝜌0
Note: The span-to-depth ratios should ensure that deflection is limited to span/250
Structural system modification factor

(CY NA EN1992-1-1,NA. table 7.4N)
The values of K may be reduced to account for long span as follow:

 In beams and slabs where the span>7.0m, multiply by leff/7
Type of member K
Cantilever 0.4
Flat slab 1.2
Simply supported 1.0
Continuous end 1.3
span
Continuous interior 1.5
span
Reference reinforcement
ratio
(EN1992-1-1,cl. 7.4.2(2))
𝜌0 = 0.001 𝑓𝑐𝑘
Tension reinforcement ratio

(EN1992-1-1,cl. 7.4.2(2))
𝐴𝑠.𝑟𝑒𝑞
𝜌=
𝑏𝑑
10
4. WORKED EXAMPLE : ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RC SLAB USING
CSI ETABS AND SAFE
4.1 DIMENSIONS:
Depth of slab, h: h=170mm

Length in longitudinal direction, Ly: Ly=5m
Length in transverse direction, Lx: Lx=5m
Number of slab panels: N=3x3
4.2 LOADS:
Dead load:
Self weight, gk.s: gk.s=4.25kN/m2
Extra dead load, gk.e: gk.e=2.00kN/m2
Total dead load, Gk: Gk=6.25kN/m2
Live load:
Live load, qk: gk=2.00kN/m2
Total live load, Qk: Qk=2.00kN/m2
4.3 LOAD COMBINATION:
Total load on slab: 1.35Gk+1.5Qk=
ULS: 1.35*6.25+1.5*2.00=11.4kN/m2
Total load on slab: 1.35Gk+1.5Qk=
SLS: 1.00*6.25+1.00*2.00=8.25kN/m2
11
4.4 LAYOUT OF MODEL:
Figure 1: Layout of the model
12
4.5 PROCEDURE FOR EXPORTING ETABS MODEL TO SAFE
A very useful and powerful way to start a model in SAFE is to import the model
from ETABS. Floor slabs or basemats that have been modeled in ETABS can be
exported from ETABS.
From that form, the appropriate floor load option can be selected, along with the
desired load cases. After the model has been exported as an .f2k text file, the same
file can then be imported into SAFE using the File menu > Import command.
Using the export and import steps will complete the transfer of the slab geometry,
section properties, and loading for the selected load cases. The design strips need
to be added to the imported model since design strips are not defined as part of the
ETABS model.
ETABS: File > Export > Storey as SAFE

Text File commands saves the specified story level as a SAFE.f2k text input file.
You can later import this file/model into SAFE.
Figure 2: Load to Export to SAFE
Notes:
Model must be analyzed and locked to export.
The export floor loads only option is for individual floor plate design.
The export floor loads and loads from above is used to design foundation.
The export floor loads plus Column and Wall Distortions is necessary only when
displacement compatibility could govern and needs to be checked floor slab
design.(Effects punching shear and flexural reinforcement design).
13
Figure 3: Load cases selection
Figure 4: Load combination selection
14
4.6 DRAW DESIGN STRIPS
Use the Draw menu > Draw Design Strips command to add design strips to the
model. Design strips are drawn as lines, but have a width associated with them.
Design strips are typically drawn over support locations (e.g., columns), with a
width equal to the distance between midspan in the transverse direction.
Design strips determine how reinforcing will be calculated and positioned in the
slab. Forces are integrated across the design strips and used to calculate the
required reinforcing.
Typically design strips are positioned in two principal directions: Layer A and
Layer B.
Select the Auto option. The added design strips will automatically adjust their
width to align with adjacent strips.
Figure 5: Design strip for x direction
15
Figure 6: Design strip for y direction
Figure 7: Model after drawing design strip
16
5. ANALYSIS RESULTS
Figure 8: Maximum hogging and Sagging moment at Short span direction Lx
Figure 9: Maximum Shear Force at Short span direction Lx
17
Figure 10: Maximum hogging and Sagging moment at Long span direction
Ly
Figure 11: Maximum Shear Force at Short span direction Ly
18
6. DESIGN THE SLAB FOR FLEXURAL USING MOMENT CAPACITY
VALUES
SAFE: Display > Show slab forces/stresses
19
Figure 12: Bending moment for M11 (Mx – direction) contours displayed
The figure above indicates that the proposed bending reinforcements are adequate to
resist the design moment (hogging & sagging moments).
20
Figure13: Bending moment for M22 (My – direction) contours displayed
The figure above indicates that the proposed bending reinforcements are adequate to
resist the design moment (hogging & sagging moments).
21
ANNEX A - EXAMPLE OF HOW TO DETERMINE THE DESIGN
BENDING MOMENT USING MOMENT COEFFICIENTS
22
BEAM FLEXURAL AND SHEAR Date:01/09/2014
CALUCLATIION CAPACITY CHECK Rev:B
SHEET Calculated by:VN
Checked by:IK
BENDING MOMENT COEFFICIENTS FOR TWO-WAY SPANNING RECTANGULAR SLABS

(Table 5.3, Manual to EC2 - IStrucTE)
GEOMETRICAL DATA:
Shorter effective span of panel (clear span): lx  5000mm
Longer effective span of panel: ly  5000mm
Type of panel and moment considered: Slab_type:= "Interior panel"

Slab_type:= "One short edge discontinuous"
Slab_type:= "One long edge discontinuous"
Slab_type:= "Two adjacent edges discontinuous"
Slab_type  "Two adjacent edges discontinuous"
ly
Ratio of Ly/Lx: Ratio  1
lx
LOADINGS:
2
Characteistic permanent action: Gk  6.25kN m
2
Characteistic variable action: Qk  2kN m
PARTIAL FACTOR FOR LOADS:
Permanent action (dead load) - Ultimate limit state (ULS): γGk.ULS  1.35
Variable action (live load) - Ultimate limit state (ULS): γQk.ULS  1.50
Permanent action (dead load) - Ultimate limit state (SLS): γGk.SLS  1.00
Variable action (live load) - Ultimate limit state (SLS): γQk.SLS  1.00
DESIGN LOADS:
2
Ultimate design load (ULS): FEd.ULS  γGk.ULS Gk  γQk.ULS Qk  11.438 kN m
2
Ultimate design load (SLS): FEd.SLS  γGk.SLS  Gk  γQk.SLS  Qk  8.25 kN m
MOMENT COEFFICIENT:
Short span - Bending moment coefficient for negative moment (hogging moment) at
continuous edge
SEISMIC ASSESSMENT OF Page 23 of 27

EXISTING RC BUILDING
Checked by:IK
lx
βsx.support  0.031 if  1.0  Slab_type = "Interior panel"
ly
ly
0.044 if 1.0   1.25  Slab_type = "Interior panel"
lx
ly
lx
ly
lx
ly
lx
lx
0.039 if  1.0  Slab_type = "One short edge discontinuous"
ly
ly
0.050 if 1.0   1.25  Slab_type = "One short edge discontinuous"
lx
ly
lx
ly
lx
ly
lx
lx
0.039 if  1.0  Slab_type = "One long edge discontinuous"
ly
ly
0.059 if 1.0   1.25  Slab_type = "One long edge discontinuous"
lx
ly
lx
ly
lx
ly
lx
lx
0.047 if  1.0  Slab_type = "Two adjacent edges discontinuous"
ly
ly
0.066 if 1.0   1.25  Slab_type = "Two adjacent edges discontinuous"
lx
l
Checked by:IK
ly
lx
ly
lx
ly
lx
Short span - Bending moment coefficient for positive moment (sagging moment) at
continuous edge
lx
βsx.midspan  0.024 if  1.0  Slab_type = "Interior panel"
ly
ly
lx
ly
lx
ly
lx
ly
lx
lx
0.029 if  1.0  Slab_type = "One short edge discontinuous"
ly
ly
lx
ly
lx
ly
lx
ly
lx
lx
0.030 if  1.0  Slab_type = "One long edge discontinuous"
ly
ly
lx
ly
lx
l
Checked by:IK
ly
lx
ly
lx
lx
0.036 if  1.0  Slab_type = "Two adjacent edges discontinuous"
ly
ly
lx
ly
lx
ly
lx
ly
lx
Long span - Bending moment coefficient for negative moment (hogging moment) at
continuous edge
βsy.support  0.032 if Slab_type = "Interior panel"
0.037 if Slab_type = "One short edge discontinuous"
0.037 if Slab_type = "One long edge discontinuous"
0.045 if Slab_type = "Two adjacent edges discontinuous"
Long span - Bending moment coefficient for positive moment (sagging moment) at
continuous edge
βsy.midspan  0.024 if Slab_type = "Interior panel"
0.028 if Slab_type = "One short edge discontinuous"
0.028 if Slab_type = "One long edge discontinuous"
0.034 if Slab_type = "Two adjacent edges discontinuous"
Summary of moment coefficient:
Short span - Moment coefficient - support: βsx.support  0.047
Short span - Moment coefficient - midspan: βsx.midspan  0.036
Long span - Moment coefficient - support: βsy.support  0.045
Long span - Moment coefficient - midspan: βsy.midspan  0.034

Checked by:IK
BENDING MOMENT RESULTS:
Note: Bending moment per unit width.

2
Short span - Bending moment at support: M Ed.sx.sup  βsx.support FEd.ULS  lx  13.439 kN
2
Short span - Bending moment at midspan: M Ed.sx.mid  βsx.midspan FEd.ULS  lx  10.294 kN
2
Long span - Bending moment at support: M Ed.sy.sup  βsy.support FEd.ULS  lx  12.867 kN
2
Long span - Bending moment at midspan: M Ed.sy.mid  βsy.midspan FEd.ULS  lx  9.722  kN

ANNEX B - EXAMPLE OF HOW TO DETERMINE THE MOMENT
CAPACITY OF RC SLAB
28
BEAM FLEXURAL CAPACITY Date:01/09/2014
CALUCLATIION CHECK Rev:B
Checked by:VN
REINFORCED CONCRETE SOLID SLAB DESIGN TO EUROCODE 2
Note: The following colour key is a guide to using the full calculation page.
INPUT DTATA
COMPUTED OUTPUT
DATA TO BE CHECKED
STANDARD DATA
Figure 1: Analysis of rectangular section - stress strain
ASSUMPTIONS:
GEOMETRICAL DATA:
Concrete cover: cnom  25mm
Breadth of the section (assumed 1m strip): b  1m
Depth of the section: h  170mm
Longitudinal diameter (tension zone - bottom): d t  10mm
Longitudinal diameter (compression zone - top): d c  12mm
Spacing of steel reinforcement: sp  200mm
2
dt m 2
Area of steel reinforcement provided: As.prov.t  π   392.699  mm
4 sp
2
dc m 2
Area of steel reinforcement provided: As.prov.c  π   565.487  mm
4 sp
dt
Effective depth of the section. d: d  h  cnom   140  mm
2
dc
Effective depth of the section. d2 : d 2  cnom   31 mm
2
MATERIAL PROPERTIES:
Mean characteristic compressive
SLAB DESIGN TO EUROCODE 2 Page 29 of 31

Checked by:VN
cylinder strength of concrete 2

fck  30N mm
(Laboratory results):
2
Characteristic yield strength of fyk  500N mm
steel reinforcement:
PARTIAL SAFETY FACTOR (CYS NA EN1992-1-1,Table 2.1):
Partial factor for reinforcement

γs  1.15
steel (NA CYS EN 1992-1-1:2004, Table 2.1)):
Partial factor for concrete
γc  1.5
(NA CYS EN 1992-1-1:2004, Table 2.1)):
DESIGN STRENGTHS OF MATERIAL(EN1992-1-1,cl.3.1.6):
Design yield strength of reinforcement fyk 2

fyd   434.783  N mm
(EN1992-1-1,Fig.3.8): γs
Coefficient value for compressive strength
αcc  1
(NA CYS EN 1992-1-1:2004, cl. NA 2.8):
αcc  fck 2
Design value of concrete compressive strength fcd   20 N mm
(EN 1992-1-1:2004, Equation 3.15): γc
RECTANGULAR STRESS BLOCK FACTORS:
λ  0.8 if fck  50MPa  0.8

Factor, λ
(EN1992-1-1,Eq.3.19&3.20) fck  50MPa 

 0.8   if fck  50MPa
 400MPa 
η  1.0 if fck  50MPa 1

Factor, η
(EN1992-1-1,Eq.3.21&3.22) fck  50MPa 

 1.0   if fck  50MPa
 200MPa 
BENDING MOMENT CAPACITY (AT MIDSPAN) FOR A SINGLY RE INFORCE D S ECTION
Figure 2: Detail of reinforcement slab at midspan
For equilibrium, the ultimate design moment, must be balanced by the moment of resistance
of the section (figure 1):
Fc  Fst
Fst  fyd As.prov.t  170.739  kN
Fc  fcd b  λ x   kN
Therefore depth of stress block is:

Checked by:VN
fyd As.prov.t
s   8.537  mm
fcd b
s
x   10.671 mm
λ
To ensure rotation of the plastic hinge with sufficient yielding of the tension steel and also to
allow for other factors such as the strain hardening of the steel, EC2 limit the depth of neutral
axis to:
Check  if ( x  0.45d "PASS" "FAIL" )  "PASS"
s
z  d   135.732  mm
2
Moment capacity: M Rd  fyd As.prov.t z  23.175 kN m
BENDING CAPACITY (AT SUPPORTS) OF SECTION WITH COMPRESSION

REINFORCEMENT AT ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE
Figure 3: Detail of reinforcement slab at support
For equilibrium, the ultimate design moment, must be balanced by the moment of resistance
of the section (figure 1):
Fst  Fc  Fsc
Fsc  fyd As.prov.c  245.864  kN
Fst  fyd As.prov.t  170.739  kN
Fc  fcd b  λ x
Therefore depth of stress block is:
s 

fyd As.prov.c  As.prov.t 
 3.756  mm
fcd b
s
x   10.671 mm
λ
Check  if ( x  0.45d "PASS" "FAIL" )  "PASS"
To ensure rotation of the plastic hinge with sufficient yielding of the tension steel and also to
allow for other factors such as the strain hardening of the steel, EC2 limit the depth of neutral
axis to:
M Rd.  fcd b  s  d    fyd As.prov.c d  d 2  37.176 kN m

 
s
Moment capacity:
 2

ANNEX C - EXAMPLE OF DESIGN SLAB PANEL WITH TWO
DISCONTINUOUS EDGES
32
REINFORCED CONCRETE Date:01/09/2014
CALUCLATIION SOLID SLAB DESIGN TO Rev:B
SHEET EUROCODE 2 Calculated by:VN
Checked by:IK
INPUT DTATA
ASSUMPTIONS:
COMPUTED OUTPUT
1. Fire resistance 1hour (REI 60).
DATA TO BE CHECKED
2. Exposure class of concrete XC1.
3. No redistribution of bending moment made. STANDARD DATA
GEOMETRICAL DATA:
Structural_system:= "Simply supported"
"End span of continuous slab"
"Interior span"
Structural system:
"Flat slab"
"Cantilever"
Structural_system  "End span of continous slab"
Depth of slab: h  170mm

Strip width: b  1000mm
Type of slab: ly
Type_slab  "Two way slab" if  2.0  "Two way slab"
lx
ly
"One way slab" if  2.0
lx
ANALYSIS & LOADING RESULTS:
TWO DISCONTINOUS EDGE Page 33 of 48

Checked by:IK
Figure 1: Bending moment diagram for x - direction
Figure 2: Bending moment diagram for y - direction

Checked by:IK
Figure 3: Shear force diagram for x - direction

Checked by:IK
Figure 4: Shear force diagram for y - direction
Loads:
2
2
Quasi-permanent value of variable action: ψ2  0.3
Short span:
Design bending moment at short span - continuous support: M x.1  21.14kN m
Design bending moment at short span - middle: M x.m  12.35kN m
Design shear force at short span - continous support: Vx.1  21kN
Design shear force at short span - discontinous support: Vx.2  13kN
Long span:
Design bending moment at long span - continous support: M y.1  10.52kN m
Design bending moment at long span - middle: M y.m  11.86kN m
Design shear force at long span - continous support: Vy.1  18kN

Checked by:IK
Design shear force at long span - discontinous support: Vy.2  13kN
STEEL REINFORCEMENT PROPERTIES:
Bars diameter for short/long span-midspan: ϕy.p  10mm
Characteristic yield strength of 2

fyk  500N mm
CONCRETE PROPERTIES:
Characteristic compressive cylinder 2
strength of concrete:
Mean value of compressive sylinder   f  0.667

strength ck 2
fctm  0.3     MPa  2.9 N mm
(EN 1992-1-1:2004, table 3.1):   MPa  
PARTIAL SAFETY FACTORS:

γs  1.15
γc  1.5
(NA CYS EN 1992-1-1:2004, Table 2.1)):

fyd   434.783  N mm
(EN1992-1-1,Fig.3.8): γs
αcc  1
(NA CYS EN 1992-1-1:2004, cl. NA 2.8):
αcc  fck 2
(EN 1992-1-1:2004, Equation 3.15): γc
CONCRETE COVER TO REINFORCEMENT:
Allowance in design for deviation

(Assuming no measurement of cover) Δcdev  10mm
(EN1992-1-1,cl.4.4.1.3(3):
Minimum cover due to bond
(Diameter of bar) cmin.b  ϕy.p  10 mm
(EN1992-1-1,Table 4.2):
Minimum cover due to environmental
condition (Condition :XC1) cmin.dur  15mm
("How to design to Eurocode 2",Table 8):
Minimum concrete cover  

cmin  max cmin.b cmin.dur 10mm  15 mm
(EN1992-1-1,Eq.4.2):
Nominal cover cnom  cmin  Δcdev  25 mm
(EN1992-1-1,Eq.4.1):

Checked by:IK
FIRE DESIGN CHECK:
Minimum slab thickness h s.min  80mm

(EN1992-1-2,Table 5.8):

Fire_resistance  if h  h s.min "OK" "NOT OK"  "OK"
Axis distance to top and bottom
amin  20mm
reinforcement, a
(EN1992-1-2,Table 5.8):
ϕy.p
Minimum distance to top and bottom aprov  cnom   30 mm
reinforcement: 2

Fire_resistance  if aprov  amin "OK" "NOT OK"  "OK" 
REINFORCEMENT DESIGN AT MID-SPAN IN SHORT SPAN DIRECTION:

Actual bar size: ϕx.m  10mm
Actual bar spacing: sx.m  200mm
2
ϕx.m m 2
Area of reinforcement provided: Asx.m  π   392.699  mm
4 sx.m
ϕx.m
d x.m  h  cnom   140  mm
2
M x.m
Values for Klim K   0.021 Klim  0.22
2
(Assumed no redistribution): b  d x.m  fck

Compression  if K  Klim "NOT REQUIRED" "REQUIRED"  "NOT REQUIRED" 
 d x.m  
  1  1  3.53 K 0.95d x.m  133  mm
Level arm:
z  min
 2  
M x.m 2
Area of reinforcement required for Asx.p.m   213.571  mm
bending: fyd z
Minimum  fctm 
reinforcement As.min  max 0.26  b  d x.m 0.0013 b  d x.m  211.102  m
(EN1992-1-1,Eq.9.1N)  fyk

:
Maximum reinforcement 3 2
As.max  0.04 b  d x.m  5.6  10  mm
(EN1992-1-1,cl.9.2.1.1(3)):

Check_steel_1  if Asx.p.m  Asx.m  As.min  Asx.m  As.max "OK" "NOT OK"  "OK" 

max As.min Asx.p.m 
Ratio_1   0.544
Asx.m
Stress in the  fyk   ψ2 Qk  Gk    Asx.p.m   2

reinforcement
σs   γ    1.5 Q  1.35 G    min 1   141.617  N mm
(IStrucTE EC2 Manual)  s  k k   Asx.m  

Checked by:IK
Maximum spacing (for wk=0.3mm) smax  300mm if σs  160MPa  300  mm

(EN1992-1-1,Table 7.3N:
275mm if 160MPa  σs  180MPa
Maximum spacing of bars 

smax.  min 3  h 400mm smax  300  mm 
(EN1992-1-1,cl.9.3.1.1(3):
 
Spacing_1  if sx.m  smax. "OK" "NOT OK"  "OK"
sx.m
Ratio_s_1   0.667
smax
REINFORCEMENT DESIGN AT CONTINUOUS SUPPORT IN SHORT SPAN DIRECTION:

Actual bar size: ϕx.1  12mm
Actual bar spacing: sx.1  200mm
2
ϕx.1 m 2
Area of reinforcement provided: Asx.1  π   565.487  mm
4 sx.1
ϕx.1
d x.1  h  cnom   139  mm
2
M x.1
2
(Assumed no redistribution): b  d x.1  fck

 d x.1  
 1  1  3.53 K 0.95d x.1  132.05 mm
Level arm:
z  min
 2  
M x.1 2
Area of reinforcement required for Asx.n.1   368.209  mm
bending: fyd z
reinforcement As.min  max 0.26  b  d x.1 0.0013 b  d x.1  209.594  mm
(EN1992-1-1,Eq.9.1N)  fyk

:
As.max  0.04 b  d x.1  5.56  10  mm
(EN1992-1-1,cl.9.2.1.1(3)):

Checked by:IK

Check_steel_2  if Asx.n.1  Asx.1  As.min  Asx.1  As.max "OK" "NOT OK"  "OK" 
Ratio_2 

max As.min Asx.n.1   0.651
Asx.1
Stress in the  fyk   ψ2 Qk  Gk    Asx.n.1   2

σs        min 1   169.552  N mm
reinforcement
(IStrucTE EC2 Manual)  γs   1.5 Qk  1.35 Gk    Asx.1  
(EN1992-1-1,Table 7.3N:

(EN1992-1-1,cl.9.3.1.1(3):

Spacing_2  if sx.1  smax. "OK" "NOT OK"  "OK"
sx.1
Ratio_s_2   0.727
smax
REINFORCEMENT DESIGN AT MID-SPAN IN LONG SPAN DIRECTION:

Actual bar size: ϕy.m  10mm
Actual bar spacing: sy.m  200mm
2
ϕy.m m 2
Area of reinforcement provided: Asy.m  π   392.699  mm
4 sy.m
ϕy.m
d y.m  h  cnom   140  mm
2
M y.m
2
(Assumed no redistribution): b  d y.m  fck


Checked by:IK
 d y.m  
  1  1  3.53 K 0.95d y.m  133  mm
Level arm:
z  min
 2  
M y.m 2
Area of reinforcement required for Asy.p.m   205.098  mm
bending: fyd z
reinforcement As.min  max 0.26  b  d y.m 0.0013 b  d y.m  211.102  mm
(EN1992-1-1,Eq.9.1N)  fyk

:
As.max  0.04 b  d y.m  5.6  10  mm
(EN1992-1-1,cl.9.2.1.1(3)):

Check_steel_3  if Asy.p.m  Asy.m  As.min  Asy.m  As.max "OK" "NOT OK"  "OK" 
Ratio_3 

max As.min Asy.p.m   0.538
Asy.m
Stress in the  fyk   ψ2 Qk  Gk    Asy.p.m   2

σs        min 1   135.998  N mm
reinforcement 1.5 Qk  1.35 Gk
(IStrucTE EC2 Manual)  
γs
  Asy.m

Maximum spacing (for wk=0.3mm) smax  300mm if σs  160MPa  0.3 m
(EN1992-1-1,Table 7.3N:

smax.  min 3  h 400mm smax  300  mm
(EN1992-1-1,cl.9.3.1.1(3):

Spacing_3  if sy.m  smax. "OK" "NOT OK"  "OK"
sy.m
Ratio_s_3   0.667
smax
REINFORCEMENT DESIGN AT CONTINUOUS SUPPORT IN LONG SPAN DIRECTION:

Actual bar size: ϕy.1  10mm
Actual bar spacing: sy.1  200mm
2
ϕy.1 m 2
Area of reinforcement provided: Asy.1  π   392.699  mm
4 sy.1

Checked by:IK
ϕy.1
d y.1  h  cnom   140  mm
2
M y.1
2
(Assumed no redistribution): b  d y.1  fck

 d y.1  
  1  1  3.53 K 0.95d y.1  133  mm
Level arm:
z  min
 2  
M y.1 2
Area of reinforcement required for Asy.n.1   181.925  mm
bending: fyd z
reinforcement As.min  max 0.26  b  d y.1 0.0013 b  d y.1  211.102  mm
(EN1992-1-1,Eq.9.1N)  fyk

:
As.max  0.04 b  d y.1  5.6  10  mm
(EN1992-1-1,cl.9.2.1.1(3)):

Check_steel_4  if Asy.n.1  Asy.1  As.min  Asy.1  As.max "OK" "NOT OK"  "OK" 
Ratio_4 

max As.min Asy.n.1   0.538
Asy.1
Stress in the  fyk   ψ2 Qk  Gk    Asy.n.1   2

σs        min 1   120.632  N mm
γs
  Asy.1

(EN1992-1-1,Table 7.3N:
Maximum spacing of bars  

smax.  min 3  h 400mm smax  300  mm
(EN1992-1-1,cl.9.3.1.1(3):

Spacing_4  if sx.1  smax. "OK" "NOT OK"  "OK" 
sy.m
Ratio_s_4   0.667
smax

Checked by:IK
SHEAR CAPACITY CHECK AT SHORT SPAN CONTINUOUS SUPPORT:

 200mm    2
0.5
Effective depth factor
k  min 2.0 1 
 d  
(EN1992-1-1,cl.6.2.2): 

 x.1  
 Asx.1  3
Reinforcement ratio: ρ1  min 0.02    4.068  10
b  d x.1
 
  fck  
0.5 
   b d x.1 N mm 2  53.293 kN
Minimum shear resistance
VRd.c.min  0.035  k  
(EN1992-1-1,Eq.6.3N &6.2b):   MPa   
 0.333 
0.18MPa    fck 
Shear resistance
  
(EN1992-1-1, VRd.c.x.1  max VRd.c.min 
   k  100  ρ1     b  d x.1  76.743 k
Eq.6.2a):   γc
   MPa 


Shear_1  if Vx.1  VRd.c.x.1 "NO SHEAR REQUIRED" "SHEAR REQUIRED" 
Shear_1  "NO SHEAR REQUIRED"
Vx.1
Ratio1   0.274
VRd.c.x.1
SHEAR CAPACITY CHECK AT SHORT SPAN DISCONTINUOUS SUPPORT:

Flexural reinforcement at 2
As.req  Asx.m 0.25  98.175 mm
discontinuous support
EN1992-1-1,cl.9.3.1.2(2):
Bar spacing: sx.2  sx.m  200  mm
2
ϕx.2 m 2
4 sx.2
Effective depth: ϕx.2

d x.2  h  cnom   141  mm
2
 200mm    2
0.5
k  min 2.0 1 
 d  
(EN1992-1-1,cl.6.2.2): 
 x.2  
 Asx.2  3
b  d x.2
 

 fck  
0.5 
   b d x.2 N mm 2  54.06  kN
VRd.c.min  0.035  k  
(EN1992-1-1,Eq.6.3N &6.2b):   MPa   
 0.333 
0.18MPa    fck 
Shear resistance
  
   k  100  ρ1     b  d x.2  59.143 k
Eq.6.2a):   γc
   MPa 



Checked by:IK
Vx.2
Ratio2   0.22
VRd.c.x.2
SHEAR CAPACITY CHECK AT LONG SPAN CONTINUOUS SUPPORT:
 200mm  
0.5
k  min 2.0 1   
(EN1992-1-1,cl.6.2.2):   2
  d y.1  
 Asy.1  3
b  d y.1
 
  fck  
0.5 
Minimum shear resistance 2
VRd.c.min  0.035  k     y.1 N mm  53.677 kN
 b  d
(EN1992-1-1,Eq.6.3N &6.2b):   MPa   
 0.333 
0.18MPa    fck 
Shear resistance

(EN1992-1-1, VRd.c.y.1  max VRd.c.min 

  k  100  ρ1     b  d y.1  68.294 kN
 
Eq.6.2a):   γc    MPa  

Shear_3  if Vy.1  VRd.c.y.1 "NO SHEAR REQUIRED" "SHEAR REQUIRED" 
Vy.1
Ratio3   0.264
VRd.c.y.1
SHEAR CAPACITY CHECK AT LONG SPAN DISCONTINUOUS SUPPORT:

As.req  Asy.m 0.25  98.175 mm
EN1992-1-1,cl.9.3.1.2(2):
Bar spacing: sy.2  sy.m  200  mm
2
ϕy.2 m 2
4 sy.2
Effective depth: ϕy.2

d y.2  h  cnom   141  mm
2
 200mm  
0.5
k  min 2.0 1   
(EN1992-1-1,cl.6.2.2):   2
  d y.2  
 Asy.2  3
b  d y.2
 
  fck  
0.5 
VRd.c.min  0.035  k     y.2 N mm  54.06  kN
 b  d
(EN1992-1-1,Eq.6.3N &6.2b):   MPa   
 0.333 
0.18MPa    fck 
Shear resistance


  k  100  ρ1     b  d y.2  59.143 kN
 
Eq.6.2a):   γc    MPa  

Checked by:IK

Vy.2
Ratio4   0.22
VRd.c.y.2
BASIC SPAN-TO-DEPTH DEFLECTION RATIO CHECK:

0.5
 fck  3
Reference reinforcement ratio: ρo  0.001     5.477  10
 MPa 
Required compression reinforcement
ρc  0
(at mid-span - short span):
 Asx.m  3
Required tension reinforcement ρt  max 0.0035    3.5  10
b  d x.m
(at mid-span - short span):  
Structural system factor Kδ  1.0 if Structural_system = "Simply supported"  1.3
(EN1992-1-1,Table 7.4N):
1.3 if Structural_system = "End span of continous slab"
1.5 if Structural_system = "Interior span"
1.2 if Structural_system = "Flat slab"
0.4 if Structural_system = "Cantilever"
Basic limit span-to-depth ratio
(EN1992-1-1,Eq.7.16a&7.16b):
   
0.5 0.5 1.5
   fck  ρo  fck   ρo
Limx.bas 
Kδ 11  1.5  MPa   ρ  3.2  MPa    ρ  1  if ρt  ρo  40.689
  t  t  
  0.5 0.5
ρc 
   fck  ρo 1  fck 
Kδ 11  1.5  MPa   ρ  ρ  12   MPa   ρ  if ρt  ρo
  t c o
lx
Actual span to effective depth ratio: Ratioact   35.714
d x.m
 
Deflection  if Ratioact  Limx.bas "OK" "NOT OK"  "OK"
Ratioact
Ratio   0.878
Limx.bas
CALCULATION SUMMARY RESULTS:

Short span - Bending capacity: PASS/FAIL: Ratio:
Check bending capacity at midspan: Check_steel_1  "OK" Ratio_1  0.544
Spacing at midspan reinforcement: Spacing_1  "OK" Ratio_s_1  0.667
Check bending capacity at support 1: Check_steel_2  "OK" Ratio_2  0.651
Spacing at support 1 reinforcement: Spacing_2  "OK" Ratio_s_2  0.727

Checked by:IK
Long span - Bending capacity: PASS/FAIL: Ratio:
Short span - Shear capacity: PASS/FAIL: Ratio:

Check shear capacity at support 1: Shear_1  "NO SHEAR REQUIRED" Ratio1  0.274
Long span - Shear capacity: PASS/FAIL: Ratio:
Deflection: PASS/FAIL: Ratio:

Check deflection of panel: Deflection  "OK" Ratio  0.878
RENFORCEMENT SUMMARY:
Short span:
Midspan in short span direction: ϕx.m  10 mm s  200  mm

at C/C x.m
Continuous support 1 in short span direction: ϕx.1  12 mm s  200  mm
at C/C x.1
Discontinuous support 2 in short span direction: ϕx.2  8  mm s  200  mm
at C/C x.2
Long span:
Midspan in short span direction: ϕy.m  10 mm s  200  mm

at C/C y.m
Continuous support 1 in long span direction: ϕy.1  10 mm s  200  mm
at C/C y.1
Discontinuous support 2 in long span direction: ϕy.2  8  mm s  200  mm
at C/C y.2

Checked by:IK
ϕy.2  8  mmsy.2  200  mm
ϕx.2  8  mmsx.2  200  mm

ϕx.1  12 mm sx.1  200  mm
ϕx.m  10 mmsx.m  200  mm
ϕy.m  10 mm sy.m  200  mm
ϕy.1  10 mm sy.1  200  mm

Checked by:IK
2
mm

ANNEX D - EXAMPLE OF DESIGN SLAB PANEL WITH ONE
DISCONTINUOUS EDGES
48
Checked by:IK
INPUT DTATA
ASSUMPTIONS:
COMPUTED OUTPUT
DATA TO BE CHECKED
GEOMETRICAL DATA:
"Interior span"
Structural system:
"Flat slab"
"Cantilever"
Structural_system  "End span of continous slab"

Type of slab: ly
lx
ly
lx
ONE DISCONTINUOUS EDGE Page 49 of 64

Checked by:IK

Checked by:IK

Checked by:IK

Loads:
2
2
Short span:
Design bending moment at short span - continuous support: M x.1  21kN m
Design bending moment at short span - middle: M x.m  7kN m
Long span:
Design bending moment at long span - continous support: M y.1  20kN m
Design bending moment at long span - middle: M y.m  12kN m

Checked by:IK

Mean value of compressive sylinder   f  0.667

strength ck 2
fctm  0.3     MPa  2.9 N mm
(EN 1992-1-1:2004, table 3.1):   MPa  

γs  1.15
γc  1.5
(NA CYS EN 1992-1-1:2004, Table 2.1)):

fyd   434.783  N mm
(EN1992-1-1,Fig.3.8): γs
αcc  1
(NA CYS EN 1992-1-1:2004, cl. NA 2.8):
αcc  fck 2
(EN 1992-1-1:2004, Equation 3.15): γc

(EN1992-1-1,cl.4.4.1.3(3):
(EN1992-1-1,Table 4.2):

(EN1992-1-1,Eq.4.2):

Checked by:IK

(EN1992-1-1,Eq.4.1):
FIRE DESIGN CHECK:

(EN1992-1-2,Table 5.8):
 
Fire_resistance  if h  h s.min "OK" "NOT OK"  "OK"

amin  20mm
reinforcement, a
(EN1992-1-2,Table 5.8):
ϕy.p
reinforcement: 2

Fire_resistance  if aprov  amin "OK" "NOT OK"  "OK" 
2
ϕx.m m 2
4 sx.m
ϕx.m
d x.m  h  cnom   140  mm
2
M x.m
2

 d x.m  
 1  1  3.53 K 0.95d x.m  133  mm
Level arm:
z  min
 2  
M x.m 2
bending: fyd z
reinforcement As.min  max 0.26  b  d x.m 0.0013 b  d x.m  211.102  mm
(EN1992-1-1,Eq.9.1N)  fyk

:
As.max  0.04 b  d x.m  5.6  10  mm
(EN1992-1-1,cl.9.2.1.1(3)):


Ratio_1   0.538
Asx.m

Checked by:IK

σs      1.5 Q  1.35 G    min 1   80.269 N mm
reinforcement
γs k k   sx.m  
A

(EN1992-1-1,Table 7.3N:

(EN1992-1-1,cl.9.3.1.1(3):

Spacing_1  if sx.m  smax. "OK" "NOT OK"  "OK"
sx.m
Ratio_s_1   0.667
smax
REINFORCEMENT DESIGN AT CONTINUOUS SUPPORT 1 IN SHORT SPAN DIRECTION:

2
ϕx.1 m 2
4 sx.1
ϕx.1
d x.1  h  cnom   139  mm
2
M x.1
2

 d x.1  
  1  1  3.53 K 0.95d x.1  132.05 mm
Level arm:
z  min
 2  
M x.1 2
bending: fyd z

Checked by:IK
(EN1992-1-1,Eq.9.1N)  fyk

:
As.max  0.04 b  d x.1  5.56  10  mm
(EN1992-1-1,cl.9.2.1.1(3)):

 
max As.min Asx.n.1
Ratio_2   0.647
Asx.1

reinforcement
σs   γ    1.5 Q  1.35 G    min 1   168.429  N mm
(IStrucTE EC2 Manual)  s  k k   Asx.1  
(EN1992-1-1,Table 7.3N:

(EN1992-1-1,cl.9.3.1.1(3):
 
Spacing_2  if sx.1  smax. "OK" "NOT OK"  "OK"
sx.1
Ratio_s_2   0.727
smax

2
ϕx.2 m 2
4 sx.2

Checked by:IK
ϕx.2
d x.2  h  cnom   139  mm
2
M x.2
2

 d x.2  
  1  1  3.53 K 0.95d x.2  132.05 mm
Level arm:
z  min
 2  
M x.2 2
bending: fyd z
(EN1992-1-1,Eq.9.1N)  fyk

:
As.max  0.04 b  d x.2  5.56  10  mm
(EN1992-1-1,cl.9.2.1.1(3)):

Ratio_3 

Asx.2

σs        min 1   168.429  N mm
γs
  Asx.2

(EN1992-1-1,Table 7.3N:

(EN1992-1-1,cl.9.3.1.1(3):

sx.2
Ratio_s_3   0.727
smax

Checked by:IK

2
ϕy.m m 2
4 sy.m
ϕy.m
d y.m  h  cnom   140  mm
2
M y.m
2

 d y.m  
  1  1  3.53 K 0.95d y.m  133  mm
Level arm:
z  min
 2  
M y.m 2
bending: fyd z
(EN1992-1-1,Eq.9.1N)  fyk

:
As.max  0.04 b  d y.m  5.6  10  mm
(EN1992-1-1,cl.9.2.1.1(3)):


max As.min Asy.p.m 
Ratio_4   0.538
Asy.m

reinforcement
σs        min 1   137.603  N mm
(IStrucTE EC2 Manual)  γs   1.5 Qk  1.35 Gk    Asy.m  
(EN1992-1-1,Table 7.3N:

Checked by:IK

(EN1992-1-1,cl.9.3.1.1(3):

Spacing_4  if sy.m  smax. "OK" "NOT OK"  "OK" 
sy.m
Ratio_s_4   0.667
smax
REINFORCEMENT DESIGN AT CONTINUOUS SUPPORT IN LONG SPAN DIRECTION:

2
ϕy.1 m 2
4 sy.1
ϕy.1
d y.1  h  cnom   139  mm
2
M y.1
2

 d y.1  
  1  1  3.53 K 0.95d y.1  132.05 mm
Level arm:
z  min
 2  
M y.1 2
bending: fyd z
(EN1992-1-1,Eq.9.1N)  fyk

:
As.max  0.04 b  d y.1  5.56  10  mm
(EN1992-1-1,cl.9.2.1.1(3)):

Ratio_5 

Asy.1

σs        min 1   160.409  N mm
reinforcement
(IStrucTE EC2 Manual)  γs   1.5 Qk  1.35 Gk    Asy.1  

Checked by:IK

(EN1992-1-1,Table 7.3N:

(EN1992-1-1,cl.9.3.1.1(3):

Spacing_5  if sy.1  smax. "OK" "NOT OK"  "OK" 
sy.1
Ratio_s_5   0.727
smax
SHEAR CAPACITY CHECK AT SHORT SPAN CONTINUOUS SUPPORT 1:

 200mm    2
0.5
k  min 2.0 1 
 d  
(EN1992-1-1,cl.6.2.2): 

 x.1  
 Asx.1  3
b  d x.1
 
  fck   
0.5
   b d x.1 N mm 2  53.293 kN
VRd.c.min  0.035  k  
(EN1992-1-1,Eq.6.3N &6.2b):   MPa   
 0.333 
0.18MPa    fck 
Shear resistance
  
   k  100  ρ1     b  d x.1  76.743 k
Eq.6.2a):   γc
   MPa 


Vx.1
Ratio1   0.287
VRd.c.x.1
 0.5
2
k  min 2.0 1   200mm 
(EN1992-1-1,cl.6.2.2):   d  
  x.2  

Checked by:IK
 Asx.2  3
b  d x.2
 
  fck  
0.5 
   b d x.2 N mm 2  53.293 kN
VRd.c.min  0.035  k  
(EN1992-1-1,Eq.6.3N &6.2b):   MPa   
 0.333 
0.18MPa    fck 
Shear resistance
  
   k  100  ρ1     b  d x.2  76.743 k
Eq.6.2a):   γc    MPa  

Vx.2
Ratio2   0.235
VRd.c.x.2
SHEAR CAPACITY CHECK AT LONG SPAN CONTINUOUS SUPPORT:
  200mm    2
0.5
k  min 2.0 1 
 d  
(EN1992-1-1,cl.6.2.2): 
  y.1  
 Asy.1  3
b  d y.1
 
  fck  
0.5 
   b d y.1 N mm 2  53.293 kN
VRd.c.min  0.035  k  
(EN1992-1-1,Eq.6.3N &6.2b):   MPa   
 0.333 
0.18MPa    fck 
Shear resistance
  
(EN1992-1-1, VRd.c.y.1  max VRd.c.min 
   k  100  ρ1     b  d y.1  76.743 kN
Eq.6.2a):   γc    MPa  

Vy.1
Ratio3   0.274
VRd.c.y.1
SHEAR CAPACITY CHECK AT LONG SPAN DISCONTINUOUS SUPPORT:

As.req  Asy.m 0.25  98.175 mm
EN1992-1-1,cl.9.3.1.2(2):
Bar spacing: sy.2  sy.m  200  mm
2
ϕy.2 m 2
Area of reinforcement provided: Asy.2  π  251.327  mm
4 sy.2
Effective depth: ϕy.2

d y.2  h  cnom   141  mm
2

Checked by:IK
 200mm  
0.5
k  min 2.0 1   
(EN1992-1-1,cl.6.2.2):   2
  d y.2  
 Asy.2  3
b  d y.2
 
  fck  
0.5 
VRd.c.min  0.035  k     y.2 N mm  54.06  kN
 b  d
(EN1992-1-1,Eq.6.3N &6.2b):   MPa   
 0.333 
0.18MPa    fck 
Shear resistance


  k  100  ρ1     b  d y.2  59.143 kN
 
Eq.6.2a):   γc    MPa  

Vy.2
Ratio4   0.22
VRd.c.y.2

0.5
 fck  3
 MPa 
ρc  0
 Asx.m  3
b  d x.m
(EN1992-1-1,Table 7.4N):
(EN1992-1-1,Eq.7.16a&7.16b):
 
 
0.5 0.5 1.5
   fck  ρo  fck   ρo
Limx.bas 
  t  t  
  0.5 0.5
ρc 
   fck  ρo 1  fck 
Kδ 11  1.5        if ρt  ρo
   MPa  ρt  ρc 12  MPa  ρo
  
lx
d x.m

Deflection  if Ratioact  Limx.bas "OK" "NOT OK"  "OK" 

Checked by:IK
Ratioact
Ratio   0.878
Limx.bas


Short span:

at C/C x.m
at C/C x.1
Discontinuous support 2 in short span direction: ϕx.2  12 mm s  200  mm
at C/C x.2
Long span:

at C/C y.m

Checked by:IK

at C/C y.1
Discontinuous support 2 in long span direction: ϕy.2  8  mm s  200  mm
at C/C y.2
ϕy.2  8  mmsy.2  200  mm
ϕx.2  12 mmsx.2  200  mm ϕx.1  12 mm sx.1  200  mm
ϕx.m  10 mmsx.m  200  mm
ϕy.m  10 mm sy.m  200  mm
ϕy.1  12 mm sy.1  200  mm

ANNEX E - EXAMPLE OF DESIGN INTERIOR PANEL SLAB
65
Checked by:VN
INPUT DTATA
ASSUMPTIONS:
COMPUTED OUTPUT
DATA TO BE CHECKED
GEOMETRICAL DATA:

"Interior span"
Structural system:
"Flat slab"
"Cantilever"
Structural_system  "Interior span"

Type of slab: ly
lx
ly
lx
INTERIOR PANEL Page 66 of 82

Checked by:VN

Checked by:VN

Checked by:VN
Loads:
2
2
Short span:
Design bending moment at short span - middle: M x.m  6kN m
Design shear force at short span - discontinous support: Vx.2  21kN
Long span:
Design bending moment at long span - middle: M y.m  6kN m

Mean value of compressive sylinder   f 0.667


strength ck  2
fctm  0.3     MPa  2.9 N mm
(EN 1992-1-1:2004, table 3.1):   MPa  

Checked by:VN

γs  1.15
γc  1.5
(NA CYS EN 1992-1-1:2004, Table 2.1)):

fyd   434.783  N mm
(EN1992-1-1,Fig.3.8): γs
αcc  1
(NA CYS EN 1992-1-1:2004, cl. NA 2.8):
αcc  fck 2
(EN 1992-1-1:2004, Equation 3.15): γc

(EN1992-1-1,cl.4.4.1.3(3):
(EN1992-1-1,Table 4.2):

(EN1992-1-1,Eq.4.2):
(EN1992-1-1,Eq.4.1):
FIRE DESIGN CHECK:

(EN1992-1-2,Table 5.8):
 
Fire_resistance  if h  h s.min "OK" "NOT OK"  "OK"

amin  20mm
reinforcement, a
(EN1992-1-2,Table 5.8):
ϕy.p
reinforcement: 2
 
Fire_resistance  if aprov  amin "OK" "NOT OK"  "OK"


Checked by:VN
2
ϕx.m m 2
4 sx.m
ϕx.m
d x.m  h  cnom   140  mm
2
M x.m
2

 d x.m  
  1  1  3.53 K 0.95d x.m  133  mm
Level arm:
z  min
 2  
M x.m 2
bending: fyd z
reinforcement As.min  max 0.26  b  d x.m 0.0013 b  d x.m  211.102  mm
(EN1992-1-1,Eq.9.1N)  fyk

:
As.max  0.04 b  d x.m  5.6  10  mm
(EN1992-1-1,cl.9.2.1.1(3)):


Ratio_1   0.538
Asx.m

reinforcement
σs   γ      min 1   68.802 N mm
(IStrucTE EC2 Manual)  s   1.5 Qk  1.35 Gk    Asx.m  
(EN1992-1-1,Table 7.3N:

(EN1992-1-1,cl.9.3.1.1(3):

Checked by:VN

Spacing_1  if sx.m  smax. "OK" "NOT OK"  "OK" 
sx.m
Ratio_s_1   0.667
smax

2
ϕx.1 m 2
4 sx.1
ϕx.1
d x.1  h  cnom   139  mm
2
M x.1
2

 d x.1  
  1  1  3.53 K 0.95d x.1  132.05 mm
Level arm:
z  min
 2  
M x.1 2
bending: fyd z
(EN1992-1-1,Eq.9.1N)  fyk

:
As.max  0.04 b  d x.1  5.56  10  mm
(EN1992-1-1,cl.9.2.1.1(3)):

Ratio_2 

Asx.1

σs        min 1   168.429  N mm
γs
  Asx.1


Checked by:VN

(EN1992-1-1,Table 7.3N:

(EN1992-1-1,cl.9.3.1.1(3):
 
Spacing_2  if sx.1  smax. "OK" "NOT OK"  "OK"
sx.1
Ratio_s_2   0.727
smax

2
ϕx.2 m 2
4
sx.2
ϕx.2
d x.2  h  cnom   139  mm
2
M x.2
2

 d x.2  
 1  1  3.53 K 0.95d x.2  132.05 mm
Level arm:
z  min
 2  
M x.2 2
bending: fyd z
(EN1992-1-1,Eq.9.1N)  fyk

:
As.max  0.04 b  d x.2  5.56  10  mm
(EN1992-1-1,cl.9.2.1.1(3)):

Checked by:VN

Ratio_3 

Asx.2

σs        min 1   168.429  N mm
reinforcement
(IStrucTE EC2 Manual)  γs   1.5 Qk  1.35 Gk    Asx.2  
(EN1992-1-1,Table 7.3N:

(EN1992-1-1,cl.9.3.1.1(3):

Spacing_3  if sx.2  smax. "OK" "NOT OK"  "OK"
sx.2
Ratio_s_3   0.727
smax

2
ϕy.m m 2
4 sy.m
ϕy.m
d y.m  h  cnom   140  mm
2
M y.m
2


Checked by:VN
 d y.m  
  1  1  3.53 K 0.95d y.m  133  mm
Level arm:
z  min
 2  
M y.m 2
bending: fyd z
(EN1992-1-1,Eq.9.1N)  fyk

:
As.max  0.04 b  d y.m  5.6  10  mm
(EN1992-1-1,cl.9.2.1.1(3)):

Ratio_4 

max As.min Asy.p.m   0.538
Asy.m

σs        min 1   68.802 N mm
γs
  Asy.m

(EN1992-1-1,Table 7.3N:

(EN1992-1-1,cl.9.3.1.1(3):

Spacing_4  if sy.m  smax. "OK" "NOT OK"  "OK"
sy.m
Ratio_s_4   0.667
smax
REINFORCEMENT DESIGN AT CONTINUOUS SUPPORT 1 IN LONG SPAN DIRECTION:

2
ϕy.1 m 2
4 sy.1

Checked by:VN
ϕy.1
d y.1  h  cnom   139  mm
2
M y.1
2

 d y.1  
  1  1  3.53 K 0.95d y.1  132.05 mm
Level arm:
z  min
 2  
M y.1 2
bending: fyd z
(EN1992-1-1,Eq.9.1N)  fyk

:
As.max  0.04 b  d y.1  5.56  10  mm
(EN1992-1-1,cl.9.2.1.1(3)):

Ratio_5 

Asy.1

σs        min 1   168.429  N mm
γs
  Asy.1

(EN1992-1-1,Table 7.3N:

(EN1992-1-1,cl.9.3.1.1(3):

sy.1
Ratio_s_5   0.727
smax

Checked by:VN
REINFORCEMENT DESIGN AT CONTINUOUS SUPPORT 2 IN LONG SPAN DIRECTION:

2
ϕy.2 m 2
4 sy.2
ϕy.2
d y.2  h  cnom   139  mm
2
M y.2
2

 d y.2  
  1  1  3.53 K 0.95d y.2  132.05 mm
Level arm:
z  min
 2  
M y.2 2
bending: fyd z
Minimum  fctm  2
(EN1992-1-1,Eq.9.1N)  fyk

:
As.max  0.04 b  d y.2  5.56  10  mm
(EN1992-1-1,cl.9.2.1.1(3)):


max As.min Asy.n.2 
Ratio_6   0.647
Asy.2

reinforcement
σs        min 1   168.429  N mm
(IStrucTE EC2 Manual)  γs   1.5 Qk  1.35 Gk    Asy.2  
(EN1992-1-1,Table 7.3N:

Checked by:VN

(EN1992-1-1,cl.9.3.1.1(3):

sy.2
Ratio_s_6   0.727
smax
  200mm    2
0.5
k  min 2.0 1   d  
(EN1992-1-1,cl.6.2.2): 
  x.1  
 Asx.1  3
b  d x.1
 
  fck  
0.5 
   b d x.1 N mm 2  53.293 kN
VRd.c.min  0.035  k  
(EN1992-1-1,Eq.6.3N &6.2b):   MPa   
 0.333 
0.18MPa    fck 
Shear resistance
  
(EN1992-1-1, VRd.c.x.1  max VRd.c.min    k  100  ρ1     b  d x.1  76.743 k
 
Eq.6.2a):   γc    MPa  

Vx.1
Ratio1   0.274
VRd.c.x.1
 0.5
Effective depth factor  200mm    2
k  min 2.0 1 
(EN1992-1-1,cl.6.2.2):  d
  

 x.2  
 Asx.2  3
b  d x.2
 
  fck  
0.5 
   b d x.2 N mm 2  53.293 kN
VRd.c.min  0.035  k  
(EN1992-1-1,Eq.6.3N &6.2b):   MPa   
 0.333 
0.18MPa    fck 
Shear resistance
  
 
  k  100  ρ  
1 MPa   b  d x.2  76.743 k
Eq.6.2a):   γ c    

Vx.2
Ratio2   0.274
VRd.c.x.2
SHEAR CAPACITY CHECK AT LONG SPAN CONTINUOUS SUPPORT 1:

Checked by:VN
 200mm  
0.5
k  min 2.0 1   
(EN1992-1-1,cl.6.2.2):   2
  d y.1  
 Asy.1  3
b  d y.1
 
  fck  
0.5 
VRd.c.min  0.035  k     y.1 N mm  53.293 kN
 b  d
(EN1992-1-1,Eq.6.3N &6.2b):   MPa   
 0.333 
0.18MPa    fck 
Shear resistance


  k  100  ρ1     b  d y.1  76.743 kN
 
Eq.6.2a):   γc    MPa  

Vy.1
Ratio3   0.274
VRd.c.y.1
SHEAR CAPACITY CHECK AT LONG SPAN CONTINUOUS SUPPORT 2:
  200mm    2
0.5
k  min 2.0 1   d  
(EN1992-1-1,cl.6.2.2): 
  y.2  
 Asy.2  3
b  d y.2
 
  fck  
0.5 
   b d y.2 N mm 2  53.293 kN
VRd.c.min  0.035  k  
(EN1992-1-1,Eq.6.3N &6.2b):   MPa   
 0.333 
0.18MPa    fck 
Shear resistance
  
(EN1992-1-1, VRd.c.y.2  max VRd.c.min 
   k  100  ρ1     b  d y.2  76.743 kN
Eq.6.2a):   γc
   MPa 


Vy.2
Ratio4   0.274
VRd.c.y.2

0.5
 fck  3
 MPa 
ρc  0
 Asx.m  3
b  d x.m

Checked by:VN

(EN1992-1-1,Table 7.4N):
(EN1992-1-1,Eq.7.16a&7.16b):
   
0.5 0.5 1.5
   fck  ρo  fck   ρo
Limx.bas 
  t  t  
  0.5 0.5
ρc 
   fck  ρo 1  fck 
Kδ 11  1.5  MPa   ρ  ρ  12   MPa   ρ  if ρt  ρo
  t c o
lx
d x.m
 
Deflection  if Ratioact  Limx.bas "OK" "NOT OK"  "OK"
Ratioact
Ratio   0.761
Limx.bas


Checked by:VN


Short span:

at C/C x.m
at C/C x.1
at C/C x.2
Long span:

at C/C y.m
at C/C y.1
at C/C y.2

Checked by:VN
ϕy.2  12 mmsy.2  200  mm
ϕx.2  12 mmsx.2  200  mm ϕx.1  12 mm sx.1  200  mm
ϕx.m  10 mmsx.m  200  mm
ϕy.m  10 mm sy.m  200  mm
ϕy.1  12 mm sy.1  200  mm

Model Analysis & Design of Slabs Use Etabs & Mathcad PDF

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Model Analysis & Design of Slabs Use Etabs & Mathcad PDF

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

CSI ETABS & SAFE MANUAL

Part‐III: Model Analysis & Design of Slabs

AUTHOR: VALENTINOS NEOPHYTOU BEng (Hons), MSc

REVISION 2: August, 2014

This document presents an example of analysis design of slab using ETABS.

Also, this document contains simple procedure (step-by-step) of how to

Please send me your suggestions for improvement. Anyone interested to

For further details:

1. SLAB MODELING .................................................................................... 4

2. THEORETICAL CALCULATION OF ULTIMATE MOMENTS ......... 5

3. DESIGN OF SLAB ACCORDING TO EUROCODE 2 ........................... 7

4. WORKED EXAMPLE : ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RC SLAB

5. ANALYSIS RESULTS ............................................................................. 17

6. DESIGN THE SLAB FOR FLEXURAL USING MOMENT CAPACITY

ANNEX A - EXAMPLE OF HOW TO DETERMINE THE DESIGN BENDING

ANNEX B - EXAMPLE OF HOW TO DETERMINE THE MOMENT CAPACITY

ANNEX C - EXAMPLE OF DESIGN SLAB PANEL WITH TWO

ANNEX D - EXAMPLE OF DESIGN SLAB PANEL WITH ONE

ANNEX E - EXAMPLE OF DESIGN INTERIOR PANEL SLAB..…………..…….65

a) Element type : SHELL

b) Meshing (Sizing of element) : Size= min{Lmax/10 or l000mm}

c) Element shape : Ratio= Lmax/Lmin = 1 ≤ ratio ≤ 2

d) Acceptable error : 20%

1.2 INITIAL STEP BEFORE RUN THE ANALYSIS

If ly/lx<2: Design as a Two-way slab

Note: lx is the longer span

Maximum moment of Simply supported (pinned) two-way slab

Bending moment coefficient for simply supported slab

Maximum moment of Restrained supported (fixed) two-way slab

Msx= asxnlx2 in n: is the ultimate load m2

If ly/lx<2: Design as a Two-way slab

Note: lxis the longer span

Note: Allowance has been made in the coefficients in

Determine design yield strength of reinforcement

K<K′ (no compression reinforcement required) K>K′(then compression reinforcement required –

Area of steel reinforcement required:

𝑀𝐸𝑑 𝑀𝐸𝑑 ,𝑠𝑥

75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300

Check of the amount of reinforcement provided above the “minimum/maximum amount of

F: is the total ultimate Uniformly distributed loads

Determine design shear stress, vEd

Reinforcement ratio, ρ1 (EN1992-1-1, cl 6.2.2(1))

Design shear resistance

𝑉𝑅𝑑 .𝑐.𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.0035 𝑓𝑐𝑘 𝑘1.5 + 𝑘1 𝜎𝑐𝑝 𝑏𝑑

Alternative value of design shear resistance, VRd.c (Concrete centre) (ΜΡa)

If VRdc≥VEd≥VRdc.min, Concrete strut is adequate in resisting shear

Shear reinforcement is not required in slabs

Chart to calculate unmodified steel stress σsu

σs Maximum bar diameter and spacing for

Simplified Calculation approach

Span/effective depth ratio

Structural system modification factor

The values of K may be reduced to account for long span as follow:

Tension reinforcement ratio

Depth of slab, h: h=170mm

4.3 LOAD COMBINATION:

Total load on slab: 1.35Gk+1.5Qk=

Total load on slab: 1.35Gk+1.5Qk=

Figure 1: Layout of the model

ETABS: File > Export > Storey as SAFE

Figure 2: Load to Export to SAFE

Model must be analyzed and locked to export.

Figure 4: Load combination selection