Magnetic Force and Magnetic Fields

Jofren C. Porras
Phy13L/E04
ChE-3

1. Introduction
Attraction or repulsion that arises between electrically charged particles of their motion is
called a magnetic force. A magnetic field on the other hand is a vector field that shows the
magnetic influence of electric charges in relative motion and magnetized materials. The effect
of such fields can be seen in permanent magnets, which pull or attract magnetic materials such
as iron. In this experiment. The magnetic field lines we’re identified, and the magnetic force
was determined in increasing quantity of magnets, varying currents and length of current loops
and at different orientation of the coils.
2. Results and Discussions
The first part of the experiment shows the behavior of the magnetic field and forces illustrated
in lines in permanent magnets using an iron filling. The results show that at like poles the lines
were moving away from each other while in unlike poles the lines connect from the two
magnets. For the two U magnets with unlike poles facing each other produces a circular pattern
for their magnetic flux lines. An iron ring was then introduced which the magnetic flux lines
run through it but still connecting the unlike poles. The second part of the experiment, the
magnetic force was determined using different variables. It was observed that by increasing
the number of magnets with constant current applied, the magnetic force both in grams and
newtons also increases. This behavior can also be observed when increasing the current or the
length of the coil. The orientation was noticed to be affecting the magnetic force where as the
angle decreases the magnetic force also decreases. This verify that when a magnetic field
creates torques on objects which depends on both magnitude of magnetic moment or the
orientation relative to the direction of the magnetic field.
3. Conclusion
In this experiment it can be concluded that like poles repulses and unlike poles attract while
always making a close loop even when an iron was placed. For the second part, it was
concluded that the magnetic force was directly proportional with current, quantity of the
magnets (weight), the length of a current carrying conductor and its orientation. Therefore,
verifying the equation 𝐹 = 𝐼𝐿𝐵 sin 𝜃 where F is force, I is current, L is length, B is magnetic
field and the sin 𝜃 represents the orientation.