The Republic of the Philippines

Tagum national trade school

Tagum Campus
Apokon, Tagum City

A semi-detailed lesson plan in Mathematics (Trigonometry) for Grade IX-Diamond students

I. Objectives

At the end of the discussion, the students will be able to;

1. identify the difference between angle of elevation and depression;

2. illustrate the diagram or sketch of a word problem that has the concepts of angle of
elevation and depression ;
3. solve problems involving the concepts of angle of elevation and depression; and,
4. demonstrate their appreciation about the topic being discussed.

II. Subject Matter

Topic: “Angle of Elevation and Depression”

Reference:
 Mathematics grade 9 Learner’s Material book.
 AngleIncdep.pdf
 URLs:
http://www.mathsteacher.com.au/year10/ch15_trigonometry/
12_elevation_depression/23elevdep.htm
http://math.tutorvista.com/trigonometry/angle-of-
depression.html
http://www.algebralab.org/Word/Word.aspx?file=Trigonometr
y_AnglesElevDepression.xml
https://mathbitsnotebook.com/Geometry/Trigonometry/TGNe
edTrigPractice.html
http://study.com/academy/lesson/solving-word-problems-
steps-examples.html
file:///F:/%C2%A0/Angle%20of%20Elevation%20and%20Depres
sion%20Worksheet%20%20%20Problems%20&%20Solutions.ht
m

Materials: Instructional materials, paper, pens, illustration boards, chalks and scientific
calculators.
Values: Teamwork, Patience and Perseverance.
III. Procedure

A. Preliminary Activities
1. Prayer
2. Greetings
3. Checking of Attendance
4. Review of the past lesson
 The teacher will ask the students about their lesson yesterday.

B. Lesson Proper
A. Activity
The teachers will conduct an activity entitled “Paint Me a Picture”
Procedure:
1. Students will be placed in groups based on their houses.
2. After that, the teacher will read a situation to them.
3. Then, all the groups will be given 1 minute to portray the given situation.
4. After 1 minute, all the groups must freeze.
5. Then, the teachers will assess their presentation based on a rubric.
6. There will be two situations to be given that will be portrayed by each
group.
RUBRICS
Relativity to the given situation-30%
Creativity- 30%%
Uniqueness-15%
Overall Performance- 25%
Total- 100%

Situation 1. In a cinema theatre, a group of friends, lovers and a family are

watching a horror movie in the lower deck.

Situation 2: In a room, a mother is delivering out her baby. Her elder daughter
is watching her doing the delivery behind the glass door.

B. Analysis
The teacher will discuss the connection of the activity to the lesson of the day.
The teacher will post pictures that illustrate the given situation in the activity. Then, in
the picture there will be a trace of a triangle in the picture.
Then, the teacher will also ask the following questions;
 What can you observe on the picture of the situation?
 Can there be a triangle formed in this picture? If yes, then what type of
triangle is it? Why did you say so?
 From the horizontal line to the line of sight of the observer, what can you
observe about the angle? Is it headed upward or downward?
Then the teacher will give a synthesis, based on the formulated
questions and answers, which will lead the class to the discussion.
C. Abstraction

After the analysis, the teacher will discuss about the angle of elevation;
Before the discussion, the teacher will first show the class a video about the topic. Then,
the teacher will ask the following questions:
What information did you get from the video?
What did the video said about the angle of elevation?
Based on the video, what are the trigonometric ratios that you must have a
prior understanding to?
 The angle of elevation is the angle from the horizontal to the line of sight
of the observer to the object being observed.

Angle of elevation

Then, the teacher will present a word problem that contains the concept of the
angle of elevation to the class, to further discuss the concept.

 A boat travels 20kph due east for one and one-half hours from point P to point
A. It then travels due north, at the same speed, for three and one-half hours to
point B.
a. If the boat had originally travelled directly from point P to point B, what
would be the distance travelled to the nearest kilometre?

b. What is the angle, from true North, that the boat will be travelling from point
P to point B, to the nearest degree?

 A ladder with its foot on a horizontal flat surface rests against a wall. It makes an
angle of 30° with the horizontal. The foot of the ladder is 41 ft from the base of
the wall. Find the height of the point where the ladder touches the wall.

Answer:
The distance from the foot of the ladder to the foot of the wall = 41 ft
[Given.]

Let h be the height of the point A at which the ladder touches the wall.

From right triangle ABC, tan 30° = h41

 h = 41 tan 30° » 24 ft.
[Substitute tan 30° and simplify.]

The ladder touches the wall at a height of 24 ft.

After discussing the angle of Elevation, the teacher will then present the concept of
angle of Depression;

 The angle of depression is very helpful for related real life problems. Angle of
depression is a term studied mainly in trigonometry where "depression" means "fall" or
"drop" .Angle of depression is formed when the observer is higher than the
object he\she is looking at. When an observer observes an object that is
situated at a distance lower than the observer, an angle is formed below the
horizontal line drawn with the level of the eye of the observer and line joining
object with observer's eye. In other words, angle of depression is defined as an
angle constructed by horizontal line and the line joining the object and
observer's eye.

the angle of depression is on the outside of the triangle.

Then, the teacher will give a word problem that involves the concept of the angle of
depression;

 From the top of a vertical cliff 40 m high, the angle of depression of an object
that is level with the base of the cliff is 34º. How far is the object from the base
of the cliff?

Solution:

Let x m be the distance of the object from the base of the cliff.
So, the object is 59.30 m from the base of the cliff.

Then, the teacher will post a word problem that will be solve by him and the
students;

The angle of depression of a stone on the ground from the top of a tower
is 45. If the stone is at a distance of 120 meters away from the building, find the
height of the tower.
Solution:
 The above diagram is shown for question. In that, R is a stone.

PQ is the height of the tower.

RQ is the distance between the tower and the stone.
PS is the line of sight.

Step 1:
Angle of depression ∠ ∠ SPR = 45 degree.
Angle of elevation, ∠ ∠ QRP = Angle of depression, ∠ ∠ SPR = 45 degree.

Step 2:

Forms right angle triangle.

In right angled triangle PQ, we know that, QR = 120 m, ∠ ∠ R = 45°, PQ = h m

Let ∠ ∠ R = θθ = 45o

Step 3:
In trigonometry, we know that,

tanθtan⁡θ = Opposite sideAdjacent sideOpposite sideAdjacent side

tan 45° = PQRQPQRQ = h120h120

Apply cross multiplication,
h = 120 * tan 45°
[tan 45° = 1]
h = 120 meters

Then, the teacher will further discuss the topic.

D. Application
The teacher will conduct a group quiz bowl;
Mechanics:
1. The teacher will first let each of the group members to draw and get their
corresponding numbers.
2. Then, the teacher will call two numbers who will answer the given question.
3. After that, the called students will go to their corresponding places at the
centre of the room.
4. Then, the teacher will post the question.
5. After that, the teacher will give the students 3 minutes to answer the
question.
6. After 3 minutes, the students will write their answer on the illustration
board then raise the illustration board.
7. There will be five questions to be given. Each correct answer will be given
two points.
8. If there will be a tie, then a tiebreaker must be done.
 Questions:
1. A ladder with its foot on a horizontal flat surface rests against a wall. It
makes an angle of 30° with the horizontal. The foot of the ladder is 41
ft from the base of the wall. Find the height of the point where the
ladder touches the wall.

a. 24 ftb. 23 ft c. 26ft d. 29ft

2. From the top of a spire of height 50 ft, the angles of depression of two
cars on a straight road at the same level as that of the base of the spire
and on the same side of it are 25° and 40°. Calculate the the distance
between the two cars.
a. 47 ft b. 7.013 ft c. 40.523 ft d. 27.786 ft

3. The angle formed by a horizontal line and the line of sight above the
horizontal line is called ________________________.

a. Angle of Depression b. Angle of Reflection

c. Angle of Elevation d. None of the above

4. The angle formed by a horizontal line and the line of sight below the
horizontal line is called _______________________.

a. Angle of Elevation b. Angle of Reflection

c. Angle of Reflection d. None of the above

5. If the side of the square is 3 feet, then find the acute angle of
elevation.

a. 550 b. 300 c. 35o d. 450

IV. Assessment
The application itself will serve as the assessment.

V. Assignment
In a one-half sheet of paper, write a reflection about the importance of the topic in real life
situations.
Guide questions:
1. What is the importance of the topic to you as a student?
 2. State situations on when to apply these concepts in real-life situations.
3. Is the topic useful to you in your everyday life as a student? Why or why not?

Prepared by:
Jona Rose B. Demanarig
Nicole Jane B. Guariño
Ian Kristian Mulay
In a one whole sheet of
paper, answer the
following word
problems.
1. From the top of a
200-ft lighthouse, the
angle of depression to
a ship in the ocean is
23°. How far is the
ship from the base of
the lighthouse?

2. A 20-ft ladder is
leaning against a
building. If the base of
the ladder is 6 ft from
the base of the
building, what is the
angle of elevation of
the ladder? How high
does the ladder reach
on the building?