Calculus 2 for Engineers 6/9/2019

COURSE OUTLINE:

Calculus 2 for Engineers

MAT 076

Prepared by: EMT

COURSE OUTLINE: COURSE OUTLINE:

COURSE OUTLINE:

1. Integration
Concepts/Formulas

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Calculus 2 for Engineers 6/9/2019

Learning Objectives: Formulas of DERIVATIVE:

At the end of the lesson, students should be  General Derivative Formulas:

able to:
1. = 0, where is any constant
A. Review the formulas of derivatives
2. Power Rule:
B. Define the Antiderivative of a function

C. Define the Indefinite Integral of a function =

D. Find the antiderivative of a function 3. Derivative of a sum:
E. Integrate elementary functions.
+ = +

Formulas of DERIVATIVE: Formulas of DERIVATIVE:

 General Derivative Formulas:

4. Product Rule:
= +
2
5. Quotient Rule:
3 1
ln = =
=
4 1
l = =
ln ln

Formulas of DERIVATIVE: Formulas of DERIVATIVE:

1 1) 5)
sin = cos s = sec tan

2 = 2) = −sin 6) cs = −csc

3 3) = sec

4 = ln 4) = −csc

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Formulas of DERIVATIVE: Formulas of DERIVATIVE:

1) 5) s ℎ = −sech tanh 1) 5) s =
sinh = cosh sin =
1− −1
− −
2) ℎ = sinh 6) cs ℎ = −csch ℎ 2) cos = 6) csc =
1− −1
3) ℎ = sech 3) tan =
1+
−
4) ℎ = −csch 4) cot =
1+

What are antiderivatives? A given function has more than one

antiderivative
 Consider the relationship between these  For =6 − 10 , some antiderivative
functions; are …
=2 −5 +7
=2 −5 +7 =6 − 10 =2 −5 +3
=2 −5
= ( ), so is the derivative of .
Equivalently, is an antiderivative of . Basically, = 2 − 5 + are all the
antiderivative of the function .

Theorem: Notation

 The symbol ∫ denotes the operation of

antidifferentiation, and we write
∫ = +
where = , and is an arbitrary
constant.
This is read “The indefinite integral of f(x)
with respect to x is F(x)+c".

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Indefinite Integral
= +
 In this notation,  is a function that takes the antiderivative of
another function.
∫ is the integral sign;
 also known as antidifferentiation.
is the integrand;
 is the reversing of the process of
is the differential of which differentiation.
denotes the variable of integration
is called the constant of integration =
 If the antiderivative of the function on interval
exists, we say that the function is integrable over
the interval .

Basic Integration Rules Basic Integration Rules

1. Constant Rule. If is any real number, then 3. Sum and Difference Rule. For integrable
the indefinite integral of with respect to is functions and ,
= + ( )± ( ) = ±

2. Coefficient Rule. Given any real number 4. Power Rule. For any real number , where
coefficient and integrable function , ≠ −1, the indefinite integral of is,
( ) = ( ) = +
+1

Examples: Example:
5 x6
 x dx  C
6
1 1
1
 dx  x 2 dx  2 x 2  C  2 x  C
x 
8
3 8
5 3 5
x5 5
 x dx   x   C  x5  C
8 8
5 C represents
any constant

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Calculus 2 for Engineers 6/9/2019

Example: Example:
 5 x 
3
 x 2  6 x  4 dx

  5 x 3dx   x 2 dx   6 xdx   4dx

 5 x 3dx   x 2 dx  6  xdx   4dx

 x4   x3   x2 
 5  C     C   6  C   4 x  C
 4   3   2 
5x4 x3
   3x 2  4 x  C C represents
4 3 any constant

Example Integration Formulas for

Trigonometric Functions
 cos ax
 sin(ax)dx  a
C

sin ax
 cos(ax)dx  a  C
tan ax 2  cot ax
2
 sec (ax)dx  a  C  csc ( ax)dx 
a
C

sec ax
 (sec ax tan ax)dx  a  C
 csc ax
 (csc ax cot ax)dx  a  C

Examples: Examples:
 cos 2 x sin x 1 sin x
 sin 2 xdx  C  cos2
dx    dx
2 x cos x cos x
x
sin   sec x  tan xdx
x 2 x
 cos 2 dx  1  C  2 sin 2  C  sec x  C
2
 4 sin x  3 cos x dx  4 sin xdx  3 cos xdx
(3 csc cot − 7 sec ) =3 csc cot −7 sec
 4 cos x  C  3 sin x  C = 3 − csc + − 7 (tan + c2)
1
 4 cos x  3 sin x  C = −3 csc − 7 tan + c)

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Calculus 2 for Engineers 6/9/2019

Example: Integration Rules for Logarithmic

Functions
Let be differentiable function of .

∫ = ln +

∫ = ln + , >0

∫ = ln(− ) + , <0

∫ = ln + , ≠0

Example: Example:

Examples: Integration Rules for Exponential

Functions
then = 3 +1
Let be differentiable function of .
then = sec ∫ = +
then = 2 +2 ∫ = +
=2 +1

∫ = +
then =3
∫ = +

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Examples: Example:

Examples: Examples:

= 3 −2 −2
3
1
= 3 (−2 )
−2
1
= 3
−2
1 3
= +
−2 ln 3
13 3
=− + =− +
2 ln 3 2ln 3

Examples: Integration by
Chain Rule/Substitution
2 Let = 4 + 1. Then =4

1
= 2 (4 )
4
1
= 2
4
1 2
= +
4 ln 2
12 2
= + = +
4 ln 2 4ln 2

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Finding u: Example:
2 +5 +5
 A term with power Let = + 5 . Then = 2 +5
 Find the term that will give a derivative
exactly the same with the remaining terms. 2 +5 +5 = +5 2 +5

 If rational, mostly your u is the denominator. =∫

 If rational function has a numerator of degree
= +
greater than or equal to that of the
denominator, then use long division. = +

Example: Example:
3 7 +9 = 7 +9 /

Let = + 1. Then =2 Let = 7 + 9. Then =7

/ /
∫ 3 = ∫3 (2 ) ∫ 7 +9 = ∫ 7 +9 (7 )
= ∫3 = ∫ /

/
= +
= + = +
= +
= 7 +9 +
= + = 7 +9 / +

Example: Example:
cos 5 Since the ≥
ℎ , then
use LONG DIVISION.
Let = sin 5 . Then = 5 cos 5
∫ = ∫
= ∫ = ∫ =− ∫ (− )
=− +
=− +c
=− +c

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Calculus 2 for Engineers 6/9/2019

Example: Example:

Example:

Example: Example:
Binomial Theorem:
Since there is
+2
 3  x  dx
2 2 + = + + + ⋯+
ℎ ℎ ,
then expand the term. Pascal’s 1
+2 Triangle 1 1 =1

 
  9  6 x 2  x 4 dx =1 2 +3 2 +3 2 +1 2
1
1
3
2
3
1
1
=2
=3
= 1( ) 1 +6 + 3( )(4) + 1 1 (8) 1 4 6 4 1 =4
5
3x = +6 + 12 +8
 9x  2x   C
5 +2 =
= +6 + 12 +8
x5
  2x3  9x  C +2 = +6 + 12 +8
5
= +6 + 12 + 8
1 6
= +6 + 12 +8 + = + +4 +8 +
7 5 3 7 5

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