ADVANCED AGRIBOT ROBOT

By : Anshul Agarwal(1608231010) , Aman Agarwal(1608231007), Ety Singh(1608231018)

Department of Electronics and Communication from Moradabad Institute of Technology

ABSTRACT agricultural trend. Before the seeding

Many countries in Asia including India are process is done it is necessary to properly
agrarian economies and most of their rural mix the top layer of the soil with the fertile
populations depend on agriculture to earn bottom layer of the soil which is usually
their livelihood. The use of tools and done by the tractors or animal driven
livestock in the agricultural process has plough. This requires a lot of energy and
reduced the human effort. Major factors human interaction. Due to the heavy weight
that affect agriculture include less holding of the tractors the soil will be compacted,
area, shortage of seeds, fertilizers and labor the compacted soil will lose porosity and it
and uncertainty of monsoon. The becomes difficult for the seeds to
mechanization of agriculture refers to the germinate.
use of tools or machines in the agricultural METHODOLOGY
process that potentially reduces the human
The frame of agribot consists of 4 wheels
effort.
connected to four arms and both rear and
Keywords- IoT, Agribot, Sprayer, front wheel is driven by DC motor. The
Pesticides seeds are sowed through drilled hole
INTRODUCTION attached to the shaft. Pump sprayer is used

Agriculture plays a very important role in to spray the pesticide. Wi-Fi technology

India’s economy. The need for the through smart phone is used to control the

automation in the field of agricultural sector robot for ploughing, seeding and pesticide

is mainly due to the increased need of spraying. The Heart of the proposed system

agricultural products due to increased is Microcontroller. Wi-Fi module, DC

population and shortage of labor in the motors, relays are interfaced to the

agricultural sector. The traditional methods Microcontroller to provide various

of seed sowing include broad casting, operations like Ploughing, seeding and

putting seeds behind the plow, line sowing, pesticide spraying.

transplanting, dribbling etc. The use of The robot is switched on through IoT and
tractor is most common in the current its direction controlled by web browser.

pg. 1
This starts the rotation of spiked wheels and This AGRIBOT system is designed in such
starts ploughing which is done a way that it can move on a rough surface
simultaneously as the robot moves forward. without any difficulties.
A container is used for holding the seeds. A
A. Seed Sowing Function Seeding is
hole is drilled in the bottom of this
planting seeds in a soil. In this model, a
container and that is covered with a small
box is used for Seed storage and
sheet. This sheet acts as a flip-flop and
opening is controlled by servo motor
caters to the dropping of seeds at periodic
when agribot wheels are rotated. The
intervals. The control of the flip-flop can be
movement of wheels of the robot
done using servo motor. The final step is
causes the shaft to throw the seeds to
spraying of pesticides which can be done
the field.
with the help of solenoid valve and is
B. Pesticide Spraying Function The
periodically sprayed whenever the relay
pesticides are used to protect crop from
switch is closed. The system focused on the
insects and fungus. Spraying of some
design, development and the fabrication of
pesticides causes health issues to the
the multipurpose agricultural robot with
workers. When chemicals come into
pesticide spraying system in addition to
contact with the skin of the farmers
ploughing and seeding. This multipurpose
they prone skin diseases. Thus, the
agricultural Robot is used to control the
agribot equipped with pesticide sprayer
three functions like ploughing the soil, seed
i.e., relay controlled solenoid valve is
sowing, and pesticide/water spraying and
used to spray harmful pesticide/
controlled through Wi-Fi module with low
fertilizer.
budget. The block diagram of the system is
C. Ploughing Function The primary
shown in Figure 1.
purpose of ploughing is to turn over the
upper layer of the soil, bringing bottom
fresh nutrients to the surface, while
burying weeds and the remains of
previous crops and allowing them to
break down. In this model shown
above, a DC Motor coupled with the
screw rod is used for ploughing the

This system shows the basic structure of AGRIBOT

farm.

pg. 2
 microcontroller used to control several
components.
1. ARCHITECTURE
DC Motor: A DC motor is any of a class of
rotary electrical machines that converts
direct current electrical energy into
mechanical energy.

Servo Motor: A servomotor is a rotary

actuator or linear actuator that allows for
precise control of angular or linear position,
velocity and acceleration.

Humidity sensor (DH11): A humidity

sensor (or hygrometer) senses, measures
and reports the relative humidity in the air.
Fig: Architecture of system Relative humidity is the ratio of actual
moisture in the air to the highest amount of

In our proposed idea which is designed to moisture that can be held at that air

make agriculture system easy. In temperature.

AGRIBOT system we use Rectifier to Moisture sensor: Soil moisture

convert AC to DC and then we use 5V sensors measure the volumetric water
regulator and 3.3V regulator. Here the heart content in soil.
of our project is Arduino which controls the
Bluetooth sensor HC-05 : HC-05
whole system like Water Sprinkling , Motor
Bluetooth Module is an easy to
Controlling , Mechanism Used For Seeding
use Bluetooth SPP (Serial Port Protocol)
Operations , Digging Control Unit ,
module, designed for transparent wireless
Moisture Humidity , Wi-Fi , Ultrasonic
serial connection setup.
Sensor etc.
Wi-Fi module: The ESP8266 Wi-Fi
Components used in the project are given
Module is a self-contained SOC with
below:
integrated TCP/IP protocol stack that can
Arduino: Arduino is an open-source give any microcontroller access to your Wi-
electronics platform based on easy-to-use Fi network.
hardware and software. And it is a

pg. 3
Wheels : a wheel is a circular block of a
hard and durable material at whose center
has been bored a circular hole through
which is placed an axle bearing about
which the wheel rotates when a moment is
applied by gravity or torque to the wheel
about its axis, thereby making together one
of the six simple machines
Battery: a container consisting of one or
more cells, in which chemical energy is
converted into electricity and used as a
source of power.
EXPECTED RESULT
The designed system main objective is to
reduce the need of man power and to
develop a robot capable of performing
operations like automatic seeding ,
irrigation , fertilization. It also provides
manual as well as auto control. Seeding is
one of the first steps in farming. During this
process seeding is carried out in all the rows
of the farming.
There are many advantages given below as:
1. Reduced human participation
2. System can work autonomously
3. Uniform drill depth
4. Uniformity in the seed placement
5. Increased land utilization
6. Increase in yield/productivity
pg. 4
7. Accident Reduced
8. Easy to maintain and repair
9. There is no fear of poison.
10. It has low maintenance
FUTURE SCOPE
1.This robot fitted with a camera can be
used for surveillance purpose
2. Instead of making use of electrical
energy to recharge the battery, solar power
can be used
3. By modifying the drilling arrangements
more depths can be achieved
4. By making use of GPS technology seed
mapping can be done.
CONCLUSION
In this work IoT controlled robot, named,
Agribot has been designed, builted and
demonstrated to carry out seeding and
spraying pesticides in an agriculture field.
The agribot will assist the farmers in
increasing crop yielded and protect them
from harmful chemicals of pesticides.
REFERENCES
[1] Ashish Lalwani, mrunmai Bhide, S. K.
Shah, A Review: Autonomous Agribot for
Smart Farming, 46th IRF International
Conference, 2015
[2] Akhila Gollakota, M.B.Srinivas,
Agribot-A multipurpose agricultural robot,
India Conference (INDICON), IEEE, 2011.

[3] V Gowrishankar, K Venkatachalam,

“Survey on Performance Analysis of Data
Converters for Sensor Network
Applications”, Vol. 6, Issue 8, 2016, page.
2275-2284.

[4] V Gowrishankar, K Venkatachalam,

“Efficient FIR Filter Design Using
Modified Carry Select Adder & Wallace
Tree Multiplier”, Vol. 2, Issue 3, 2013,
page. 703-711.

[5] Amritanshu Srivastava, Shubham Vijay,

Alka Negi, Akash Singh,“DTMF Based
Intelligent Farming Robotic Vehicle,”
International Conference on Embedded
Systems (ICES ), IEEE 2014.

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