FACULTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING,

UNIVERSITY TEKNOLOGI MARA (UiTM)

ASSIGNMENT ASSESSMENT FORM

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH (MEM
603)

LECTURER NAME DUE DATE SUBMISSION DATE REMARKS

ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR 8 November -on time/-
ISMAIL NASIRUDDIN 2019 late
AHMAD

GROUP NO EMD 7M 13

No Name Student ID
1 MUHAMMAD AMIRIN SOFI BIN ROSLAN 2017806714

Guidelines Level Poor Satisfactory Good Excellent

Scale 0-4 5-6 7-8 9-10

Assessment Criteria (Report) Weight (w) Scale (y) Total= w * y

Introduction 5
Content/ Diagrams/Figures/ Discussion and Conclusion
Part A- Accident Investigation 40
Part B- Preventative Action 20
Part C - Identification 20
Format, Language and Organization 10
References and citation 5
TOTAL 100%

REMARKS:

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

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ABSTRACT

This study is conducted to investigate an accident that occurred on 5th of March 2016 at a
construction site in Johor where the victim (construction worker) fell from the 6th floor while
carrying out the work of binding the cable at the edge of the floor of the building. The
respective worker died immediately due to serious injury on limb obtained from the
accidents. Purpose of this case study is to show procedure on reporting accidents at work
place, the necessary investigation as well as preventive actions to avoid future accidents
from occurring.

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 Table of Contents
1.0 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 5

2.0 CASE STUDY ........................................................................................................... 7

PART A : Accidental Investigation................................................................................ 7

2.1 Secure and preserve the scene ............................................................................. 8

2.2 Gather all the evidences and information’s needed .......................................... 14

2.3 Gather witness and perform interviews ............................................................ 15

2.4 Determine the root cause................................................................................... 16

2.5 Determine corrective actions ............................................................................ 17

2.6 Prepare the incident report and notify to Department of Safety and Health
(DOSH) ....................................................................................................................... 18

PART B : Preventive Action ........................................................................................ 19

PART C : Identification ............................................................................................... 22

3.0 DISCUSSION .......................................................................................................... 23

4.0 CONCLUSION ........................................................................................................ 24

5.0 REFERENCES ......................................................................................................... 25

6.0 APPENDICES .......................................................................................................... 26

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1.0 INTRODUCTION

Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) 1994 was enacted on 25th February
1994 after being gazetted on the parliament. OSHA 1994 was enacted due to inadequacy of
Factory & Machinery Act (FMA) 1967 on factors pertaining to its scope in which limited to
machinery sector and dependency on government for regulatory process. To be more precise,
FMA 1967 only covers occupational safety and health in the manufacturing, mining,
quarrying and construction industries where if converted into figure only cover 23 % of
industry in Malaysia. Introduction of OSH 1994 cover all workers in all economy related
activities, excluding those working on board ships that administered by Merchant Shipping
Ordinance 1952 and armed forces. The main objective of Occupational Safety and Health
Act (OSHA) 1994 are as listed below;

 To secure the safety and health of persons at work

 To protect persons at a place of work other than employees
 To promote an appropriate and suitable environment for persons at work
 To enable previous legislative to be replaced by regulations and approved industry
codes of practice operating in combination with the OSH Act 1994.

According to the statistic provided on DOSH Malaysia official website until

November 2018, there are approximately 389 numbers of accidents recorded by Department
of Occupational Safety and Health Malaysia (DOSH) in all sector. From the figure stated
most of the cases involves accidents on construction industry. Moreover, almost half of the
cases involve fatality, placing construction industry on top of the charts in accidents
involving fatality. Even with the presence of OSHA 1994, the number of accidents reported
each year shows no signs of decreasing. Hence, continuous studies on how to improve safety
at workplace have to be done. Thus, the risk of occurrence of accidents at workplace can be
reduced. The OSHA 1994 has been amended few times due to some improvements made to
ensure it covers all area of sector regarding safety at workplace.

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 Figure 1: Department of Occupational Safety and Health

Figure 2: Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) 1994

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2.0 CASE STUDY

PART A : Accidental Investigation

As the safety officer assigned to investigate an accident happened on a manufacturing

industry, there are several action and standard operation procedures that must be done
quickly whenever an accident happened. One of the procedures is to ensure proper
information is being collected, so that the purpose of the investigation which to help reduce
or prevent any future incidents from happening is satisfied. Safety officer must find the root
cause of the accident and analyse the details of the event. Information obtained from the
investigation is useful to prevent the accident from re-occurring. The investigation process
should begin after attending first aid or medical treatment towards the injured person(s).
Steps of the investigation process are as the followings;

1. Visiting the scene

2. Conducting interviews

3. Examination of physical evidence

4. Analysing the evidence

5. Prepare the incident report and notify to Department of Safety and Health (DOSH)

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 2.1 Visiting the scene

The lower the time taken between an accident happen until investigation start the
better the result would be achieved. It is because human memories fading corresponding to
duration form the start of the accident and any physical evidence may disappears. By
balancing the numerous activities while visiting the scene is one the great challenge for the
safety officer. As safety officer in charge for conducting the investigation, there were few
activities that need to be done while visiting the scene including:

 Take control of the situation

 Care for the injured
 Secure the area
 Contact appropriate people
 Gather names and addresses of eye witness
 Sketch the scene and take measurement
 Photographing
 Collecting evidence
 Return the incident scene to normal use

2.1.1 Take control of the situation

Chaos and people may in panic result from an accident especially involving a death
of the peoples, similarly to the case study where is a worker died caught in the machine while
doing maintenance activity. The situation must be brought under control at once for rescue
work to proceed while making the area safe for us and any others entering the scene. For
instance, check properly if any moving equipment in the area in order to secure the scene
from potential hazards. It because in manufacturing company the placement of the machine
is usually near to one another.

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 2.1.2 Care for the injured

First aid or medical attendants should be called to care for the injured and conforming
the status of the victim immediately. If chemical were involved, ensure the copies of the
material safety data sheets (MSSDS’s) are provided to the hospital with the injured. Other
than that, make sure other people in the area if they receive any injuries because of the
accident such as any possible attempted to secure the victims need to undergo first aid
treatment for minor scratchers ,cut, burns , splinters and so forth which do not require
medical care.

Figure 3: Emergency response

2.2.3 Secure the area

To protect evidence and to avoid further injuries or damage, people should be kept
out of the incident scene until the other authority organization arrive such as policeman, fire
fighter, ambulance etc. The method is rope off the accident area using something clear such
as yellow tape with do not enter sign and barricade with the red cones. The safety officer in
charge must notify management team and any personnel in the area not to remove anything
from the accident scene and prevent unauthorized personnel to cross the restricted area. It is
to prevent any disappearance of physical evidence after the accident happen for of
investigation purposes.

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 Figure 4: No trespassing tape sign

2.2.4 Contact appropriate people

The safety officer needs to notify the employer to contact relevant people prior to
this case. As there was involvement to death of the person, policeman needs to be called to
investigate whether any involvement of the crime and possible post mortem to the victims.
Besides that, Fire and Rescue Department of Malaysia, Bomba should be called to remove
the corpse from the machine as they specialise in this case while calling the hospital to notify
them there was dead man in the place. Other than that, the safety officer needs to notify
Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) for the accident has been occurred
in the workplace and report them after finishing the investigation. Finally, the family of the
victims should be contacted with care as it was to inform their family members who died at
the workplace.

2.2.5 Gather names and addresses of eye witnesses

Inquire with those at the accident scene and management staff which is the supervisor
or engineer in charge of the maintenance activity as to who witnessed the incident. By doing
so, obtain the witnesses name, address, and phone numbers and make a point of contacting
them an interview as soon as possible. The information obtain may written as below:

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 Witness Information

Name : Ramlan Kasilan bin Majmud

Address : Lot 461, Jalan 52, Kampung Cheras baru, 56100, Kuala Lumpur.

Phone number : 012-2354894

Date : 24 March 2017

Scene Location : Machining Plant, Selangor

Figure 5: Information of the witness

2.2.6 Sketch the scene and take measurement

To improve the usefulness of field notes, sketch the scene and measure the area. For
instance, note and map the position of workers, tools, equipment and materials involved,
safety devices and personal protective equipment, machinery and equipment controls and
anything else value for the investigation. By placing the information in the centre of the
drawing and draw the rest around it including the final position of the casualties. By doing
so, the hidden information maybe obtain on how the accident could occurred.

2.2.7 Photographing

Take a picture of the accident area and video recording for preparation to deliver the
report to DOSH as well as analyse condition at the site of the accident. Use High Definition
Camera to take picture for better resolution of the picture resultant in ease to analyse the
scene. Foe example, in this case the picture of the machine that undergoes maintenance
activity need to take the picture and record. The equipment uses and the area to repair or
maintain need also need to properly capture and record. The power supply of the machine
also needs to capture to see whether the powered is on or not when doing maintenance
activity. Marking the picture with relevant information as shown below:

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2.2 Gather all the evidences and information’s needed

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2.3 Gather witness and perform interviews

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2.4 Determine the root cause

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2.5 Determine corrective actions

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2.6 Prepare the incident report and notify to Department of Safety and Health
(DOSH)

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PART B : Preventive Action

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PART C : Identification

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3.0 DISCUSSION

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4.0 CONCLUSION

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5.0 REFERENCES

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6.0 APPENDICES

The most important things as the safety officer executive in the workplace when doing
accident investigation is to make the area safe to prevent any escalation of the incident
towards other workers. At the same time, the scene needed to be preserved as a thorough
investigation can take place as soon as possible. The need to secure and preserve the scene
of any accidents is because there are two key things that may disappear such as physical
evidence and memory of what occurred.

In this case, as safety officer in manufacturing industry when receiving information

of the worker dead caught in a machine is to hurry up going to accident scene for checking
the validity of situation and called the ambulance or the police to inform them for emergency
response. In the meantime, area of accident should be quarantine from other people entering
with marking of something clear such yellow tape with do not enter sign or barricade with
red cones. The safety officer in charge must inform all personnel not to remove anything
from the accident scene and prevent unauthorized personnel to cross the restricted area. It is
to prevent any disappearance of physical evidence after the accident happen for of
investigation purposes.

Figure 6:

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