Sleep Duration and the Academic Performance of 12th grade Senior High School

Students, Academic Year 2019 - 2020.

A Quantitative Research
presented to the faculty of Sipalay City National High School
Barangay 5, Sipalay, City, Negros Occidental

In partial fulfillment of the requirements in

PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2

Delos Santos, Daniel M.

Castañeda, Vieh C.
Capitanea, Regean L.
Grade 12 – TVL-CSS

MAY JOY C. PLAGTIOSA, LPT, SST-II

Research Adviser
 Chapter I
INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

In the current generation, Sleep is often disregarded. According to Lauren D.

Asarnow, M.A., Eleanor McGlinchey, Ph.D., and Allison G. Harvey, Ph.D. Teenagers

report regular insufficient sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness. Estimates indicate that

between 45% and 85% of sixth- to 12th-grade students report sleeping less than the

recommended amount on school nights and 44% of students report difficulty staying awake

during school.

In this study, the researchers aim to discover if sleep duration can affect the academic

performance of students. The rationale behind is that the lack of sleep can cause daytime

sleepiness and we want to know if it can affect the performance of students academically.

Statement of the Problem

This study aimed to know the effect of sleep duration to the academic performance

of grade 12 senior high school students of Sipalay City National High School.

Specifically, this study aimed to answer the following questions;

1.What is the profile set of the respondents in terms of:

1.1 Sex

1.2 average grade during the first quarter

2. Duration of sleep on grade 12 Senior High School students.

 3. Is there a significant relationship between the sleep duration and academic

performance of grade 12 Senior High School students of Sipalay City National High

School.

Scope and Delimitations of the Study

The main purpose of the study is to provide information regarding sleep duration

and how sleep duration can affect the academic performance of grade 12 senior high school

students of Sipalay City National High School.

The researchers limit the study to 40 male and female grade 12 students enrolled in

the first semester of academic year 2019 – 2020 of Sipalay City National High School.

Each of the students was given a questionnaire to answer. The students selected came from

each of the strands to prevent bias and get the objective perception.

Significance of the Study

This study will be beneficial to the students, teachers, and parents.

Students – This study is beneficial to students as this study can help them schedule

their daily activities without affecting their academic performance.

Teachers – This study is beneficial to teachers because knowing how sleep can

affect students can enable them to organize classes that will be optimal for both the faculty

and the students of the school.

Parents – This study is beneficial to parents because the additional knowledge can help

parents train their children how to properly organize their daily schedule.
 CHAPTER 2
REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Review of Related Literature

The Effects of Bedtime and Sleep Duration on Academic and Emotional Outcomes

in a Nationally Representative Sample of Adolescents by Lauren D. Asarnow, M.A.,

Eleanor McGlinchey, Ph.D., and Allison G. Harvey, Ph.D

The overall aim of this study was to clarify and better characterize the

sleep/circadian patterns of adolescents in a nationally representative sample.

We used three waves of data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent

Health to assess sleep/circadian patterns of 2,700 adolescents in grades seven through 12.

Late school year bedtime was associated with shorter total sleep time cross-

sectionally, whereas late summertime bedtime was not. Moreover, late school year bedtime

was not associated with late summertime bedtime cross-sectionally. Late school year

bedtime in Wave I (1994e1995) was associated with worse educational outcomes and

emotional distress 6e8 years later. In addition, late summertime bedtime in Wave II (1996)

was associated with more emotional distress at Wave III (2001e2002). Short total sleep

time was not associated longitudinally with changes in emotional and academic

functioning. Across Waves I and II, more than three quarters of adolescents who went to

sleep at 11:15 A.M. or later during the school year or 1:30 A.M. or later during the summer

reported sleeping fewer than the recommended 9 hours.

: These findings underscore the significance of evaluating and monitoring bedtime in

adolescents and the importance of intervention strategies that target bedtimes in an effort

to reduce associated functional impairments, and improve academic and emotional

outcomes.

Sleep Duration and Academic Performance Among Student Pharmacists by Megan L.

Zeek, PharmD, Matthew J. Savoie, PharmD, Matthew Song, PharmD, Leanna M.

Kennemur, PharmD, Jingjing Qian, PhD, MS, Paul W. Jungnickel, PhD, MS, and Salisa

C. Westrick, PhD, MS suggests that questionnaires were completed by 364 student

pharmacists (79.4% response rate and 93.8% cooperation rate). More than half of student

pharmacists obtained less than 7 hours of sleep at night during a typical school week

(54.7%) and a large majority on the night prior to an examination (81.7%). Almost half

(47.8%) felt daytime sleepiness almost every day. Longer sleep duration the night prior to

an examination was associated with higher course grades and semester grade point

averages (GPAs).

In conclusion. A majority of student pharmacists had suboptimal durations of sleep,

defined as fewer than 7 hours. Adequate sleep the night prior to an examination was

positively associated with student course grades and semester GPAs.

To identify sleep patterns and frequency of daytime sleepiness and to assess the

association between sleep duration and academic performance among student

pharmacists
Conceptual Framework

Independent Variable
1. Amount of Sleep(hours)

Dependent Variable
1. Academic Performance (1st
Demographic Profile quarter average grade)
1. Sex
2. Year level
3. Age

Research Hypothesis

Our predictions for this study was that the academic performance of students is

affected by the amount of sleep that they get.

Definition of terms

Sleep - the natural, easily reversible periodic state of many living things that is marked

by the absence of wakefulness and by the loss of consciousness of one's surroundings,

is accompanied by a typical body posture (such as lying down with the eyes closed), the

occurrence of dreaming, and changes in brain activity and physiological functioning, is

made up of cycles of non-REM sleep and REM sleep, and is usually considered essential

to the restoration and recovery of vital bodily and mental functions.

 CHAPTER III

Methodology

This chapter deals with the research design, locale of the study, respondent of

the study, sampling technique, data gathering instruments, data gathering procedure,

data treatment and analysis.

Research Design

Correlational research is a type of non-experimental research in which a

researcher measure two variable understands and asses the statistical relationship

between them with no influence from any extraneous variables. Thus, this research

design was the most appropriate design to be used in this study.

Locale of the Study

The Study will be conducted at Sipalay City National High School. Sipalay

Campus.

Respondents of the Study

The respondents of this study were the Grade 12 Students of Sipalay City

National High School (SCNHS) 50 learners that came from the following strands:

STEM, TVL-CSS, HUMSS, and TVL-COOKERY

Validity and Reliability of the Instruments

To Establish the validity of the instrument, the researcher selected three experts

who validated the questionnaire in order to ensure the kind of questions to be included

taking into consideration its measurability.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers prepared a formal letter addressed to the principal to allow them

to conduct their study at Sipalay City National High School with the notification of the

research adviser. As soon as permission was granted, the researchers convened the

students for instructions and expound to them the purpose of the study.

Data Treatment

In this Study, the researcher used the following statistical tools to answer the

following objectives:

To answer objective number one which state, what is the socio-demographic

profile of the respondents who are classified according to.

a. Age

b. Sex

The researchers used the frequency and percentage distribution.

To answer objective number two, which state: How many hours that the

respondents spent is sleeping at night?

The researchers used the frequency and percentage distribution.

 CHAPTER IV
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter presents the results of the study in tabular form as well as the researcher’s

and interpretation which were facilitated by the appropriate statistical tool used.

Socio-Demographic Profile of Grade 12 Student

Table 1 shows the socio-demographic of the respondent of Grade 12 students

according to sections.

Table 1.1 Table 1 shows the socio-demographic of the respondent of Grade 12

students according to sex.

Table 1
Sections
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid HUMSS 21 42.0 42.0 42.0
STEM 6 12.0 12.0 54.0
TVL-COOKERY 7 14.0 14.0 68.0
TVL-CSS 16 32.0 32.0 100.0
Total 50 100.0 100.0

Table 1.1

Sex
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid male 11 22.0 22.0 22.0
female 39 78.0 78.0 100.0
Total 50 100.0 100.0
 As to respondent’s gender, 11 is 22% of the students are male while 39 or 78%

of the students are female.

With regards to sections, 21 are from HUMSS, 6 from STEM, 7 from TVL-

COOKERY and 16 from TVL-CSS with a percentage of 42, 12, 14, and 32, of the

overall 100 percent respectively.

Table 2. Sleep duration of students

Sleep Duration
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 8 hours above 11 22.0 22.0 22.0
5-7 hours 31 62.0 62.0 84.0
3-4 hours 8 16.0 16.0 100.0
Total 50 100.0 100.0

Table 2 show the sleep duration of the student respondents. 22% of the students
sleep 8 hours above. The majority being 62% of the student respondents spends 5-7 hours
of sleep which is below the recommended amount of sleep for high schoolers.

Table 3. The time when the students will sleep

Time of Sleep
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 7:00- 8:59 pm 7 14.0 14.0 14.0
9:00 - 10:59 pm 29 58.0 58.0 72.0
11:00pm-12:59 pm 13 26.0 26.0 98.0
1:00 am - 4:am 1 2.0 2.0 100.0
Total 50 100.0 100.0

In table 3, 14% of the respondents sleep between 7 and 8:59pm. While the
majority or 58% sleep between 9 and 10:59pm. 13 or 26% sleep between 11pm and
12:59am while 2% sleep later than 1am.
Table 4. The academic performance of students
Academic Performance According to the Average
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid Advanced 16 32.0 32.0 32.0
Proficient 19 38.0 38.0 70.0
Approaching Proficient 11 22.0 22.0 92.0
Developing 4 8.0 8.0 100.0
Total 50 100.0 100.0

In table 4, the academic performance of the students is grouped into 4 categories.

Advanced having an average of 90 and above, Proficient with averages ranging from 85

to 89, Approaching Proficient with 80 to 84, and Developing with 75 to 79 having a

frequency of 16, 19, 11, 4, and a percentage of 32%, 38%, 22%, and 8% respectively.

Table 4. The Significant Relationship between the Sleep Duration and Level of Academic
Performance of the Respondent when grouped according to sex

Paired Mean Std. Std. Error 95% Confidence Initial of the Difference
Variables Deviation Mean Lower Upper t
Sex 1.7800 .41845 .05918 -.36186 .04186 -1.593
Sleep Duration 1.9400 .61974 .08764
Sleep Duration 1.9400 .61974 .08764 -.41635 .17635 -.814
Average
2.0600 .93481 .13220
Sex 1.7800 .41845 .0598 -.59399 .16601 -3.569
Time of Sleep 2.1600 .68094 .09630

Correlations of Significance (2-tailed)

.105 49 .118 Not Significance

.147 49 .420 Not Significant

.125 49 .001 Significant

 In table 4, the variables are paired into sex and sleep duration, sleep duration and

average, and sex paired with time of sleep. The mean of sex, sleep duration, average,

and time of sleep is 1.7800, 1.9400, 2.0600, and 2.1600. The standard deviation is

0.41845, .061974, .93481, and .68094. The standard error mean is .05918, .08764,

.13220, and .09630. The lower 95% Confidence Initial of the Difference is

-.36186, -41635, and -.59399 while the upper 95% Confidence Initial of the Difference

is .04186, .17635, and .16601. The t test resulted in the sex and sleep duration having a

value of -1.593. The sleep duration and average have a value of -.814 and the time of

sleep with sex with -3.569. The pair of sex with sleep duration and has no significance

while sex with time of sleep have a significance.

 CHAPTER V
This chapter summarizes the finding of the study, conclusion and the recommendation.

SUMMARY

Based on the statistics, most of the respondents sleep between 5 to 7 hours per

day. Most of them also sleep between 9 and 10:59pm. Most of the respondents are also

proficient being 38% of the total and advanced 2 nd with a 6% difference.

CONCLUSION

Based on the findings, there is no significance between sleep duration and the

academic performance of grade 12 students. The same is also true on sex with sleep

duration. Meanwhile, Sex with Time of Sleep has a significance.

RECOMMENDATIONS

Based on the conclusion we recommend the following:

1. Future researchers should experiment with the study because there are studies

that show relationship between sleep and academic performance of the students.

2. Future researchers should also increase the sample size because there might be a

possibility that the sample size is not large enough.

3. Future researchers should add more variables in further improvements for this

study.
REFERENCES

https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/sleep

https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/sleep

https://www.igi-global.com/dictionary/the-relationship-between-individual-student-attributes-
and-online-course-completion/42383

The Effects of Bedtime and Sleep Duration on Academic and Emotional Outcomes in a
Nationally Representative Sample of Adolescents by Lauren D. Asarnow, M.A., Eleanor
McGlinchey, Ph.D., and Allison G. Harvey, Ph.D

Sleep Duration and Academic Performance Among Student Pharmacists by Megan L.

Zeek, PharmD, Matthew J. Savoie, PharmD, Matthew Song, PharmD, Leanna M.
Kennemur, PharmD, Jingjing Qian, PhD, MS, Paul W. Jungnickel, PhD, MS, and Salisa
C. Westrick, PhD, MS