MEC103

MECHANICS OF DEFORMABLE BODIES

SIMPLE STRESSES

ENGR. ROGELIO FRETTEN C. DELA CRUZ, CE

INSTRUCTOR
RIGID BODIES:
1. Statics
2. Dynamics
➢Only the external effect of forces acting on a
body are considered.
➢The bodies are assumed perfectly rigid.
(no deformation).

MECHANICS OF DEFORMABLE BODIES:

➢Internal effects of the forces on the body will be
considered.
➢Deformations will be of great importance.
 The difference between rigid-body mechanics
and mechanics of materials can be appreciated if
we consider the bar shown in Fig. 1.1.

In mechanics of materials, the statics solution is

extended to include analysis of the forces acting
inside the bar to be certain that the bar will neither
break nor deform excessively
ANALYSIS OF INTERNAL FORCES
 It is convenient to represent both R and CR in terms of two
components: one perpendicular to the cross-section and the
other lying in the cross-section. These components are given
physically meaningful names.

P - the component of the resultant

force that is perpendicular to the
cross-section, tending to elongate
or shorten the bar. It is called the
normal force or axial force.
V - the component of the
resultant force lying in the
plane of the cross-section,
tending to shear (slide) one
segment of the bar relative to
the other segment. It is called
the shear force.
T - the component of the
resultant couple that tends
to twist (rotate) the bar. It is
called the twisting moment
or torque.
M - the component of the
resultant couple that
tends to bend the bar. It
is called the bending
moment.
 SIMPLE STRESSES

Stress is known as the intensity of

load per unit area.

Stress is also a measure of the unit

strength of a material.
 SIMPLE STRESSES

Three types of simple stresses:

1. Normal Stress
2. Shearing Stress
3. Bearing Stress.
NORMAL STRESS
➢The resisting area is perpendicular
to the applied force, thus normal.
NORMAL STRESS
Two types of normal stress:
1. Tensile stress
2. Compressive stress

Bar in tension

Bar in compression
NORMAL STRESS
The normal stress acting at any point
on a cross-section is given by the
formula:

Where:
σ = Normal Stress
P = Axial force
A = Cross-sectional Area
NORMAL STRESS
The normal stress acting at any point
on a cross-section is given by the
formula:

Units of stress:
N N
1 2 = 1 Pa ; 1 2
= 1 MPa
m mm
lb kip
1 psi = 1 2 ; 1 ksi = 1 2
in in
1. The column consists of a wooden post and a
concrete footing, separated by a steel bearing plate.
Find the maximum safe value of the axial load P if
the working stresses are 1000 psi for wood and 450
psi for concrete.
2. Determine the largest weight W that can be
supported by the two wires AB and AC. The
working stresses are 100 MPa for AB and 150
MPa for AC. The cross-sectional areas of AB and
AC are 400 mm2 and 200 mm2, respectively.
3. The homogenous 120-N sign is suspended from a
ball-and-socket joint at O, and cables AD and BC.
Each cable has a cross-sectional area of 5 mm2.
Determine the tensile stress in cables AD and BC.
END