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1. The branch of chemistry that deals with the study of reaction rates and their mechanisms is
called chemical Kinetics.
2. Rate of reaction can be defined as the change in concentration of a reactant or product per
unit time.
d [ A] d [ B]
R inst = = . Where dt = the smallest possible time interval (∆t → 0)
dt dt
−1 ∆ [O2 ] 1 ∆ [ H 2O ]
R2 = R4 =
5 ∆t 6 ∆t
1 1 1 1
R1 = R 2 = R 3 = R 4
4 5 4 6
1 ∆ [ NH 3 ] 1 ∆ [O2 ] 1 ∆ [ NO ] 1 ∆ [ H 2O ]
− =- = =
4 ∆t 5 ∆t 4 ∆t 6 ∆t
1 1 ∆ [ N 2O5 ] 1 ∆ [ NO2 ] ∆ [ O2 ]
R1 = R2 = R 3 - = =
2 2 ∆t 2 ∆t ∆t
change in concentration
7. Rate of reaction =
time interval
8. While writing the expression for rate of a reaction is terms of reactants, there is a negative
sign which indicates a decrease in concentration of reactants with time.
9.
→ 3O2 (g)
From the equation 2O3 (g) ←
1 ∆ [O3 ] 1 ∆ [O2 ]
− =
2 ∆t 3 ∆t
∆ [O2 ] −3 [O3 ]
∆ −3
= = × (-5.0 × 10-4 atms -1 ) = 7.5 × 10−4 atms -1
∆t 2 ∆t 2
10. 2A → 4B +C
1 d [ A] 1 d [ B ] d [C ]
− = =
2 dt 4 dt dt
i) Rate of disappearance of B
5 ×10 −3
= mol /L−1 = 5 × 10-4 mol L -1 s -1
10 5
− d [ A] 2 d [ B] 1 d [ B]
ii) = =
dt 4 dt 2 dt
1
= × 5 × 10 −4 mol L-1 s -1 = 2.5 ×104 mol L-1 s -1
2