International Conference on Trends in Electrical, Electronics and Power Engineering (ICTEEP'2012) July 15-16, 2012 Singapore
Performance of Thirty Bus System with and
without STATCOM
S.D.Sundarsingh Jebaseelan, Dr. R. Raja Prabu
Abstract— This paper deals with the performance of thirty bus
system by using with and without STATCOM. The STATCOM is a
device which can supply the required reactive power at low values of
bus voltage and can also absorb active power if it has large energy
storage. A Static Compensator (StatCom) is a device that can provide
reactive support to a bus. It consists of voltage sourced converters
connected to an energy storage device on one side and to the power
system on the other. When the reactive power of the load is changing
continuously, a suitable fast response compensator is needed.
STATCOM, TCTC, UPFC are the compensators belonging to
FACTS devices. In my work am using STATCOM. Models for the
STATCOM is developed using MATLAB simulink. The simulation
results of thirty bus system with and without STATCOM are
presented.
Keywords—FACTS, STATCOM, Reactive power, MATLAB
I. INTRODUCTION
I NElectrical Power distribution networks, it is essential to
balance the supply and demand of active and reactive power
in an electric power system. If the balance is lost, the
system frequency and voltage excursion may occur resulting,
in the worst case, in the collapse of the power system.
Appropriate voltage and reactive power control is one of the
most important factors for stable power system. The
distribution system losses and various power quality problems
are increasing due to reactive power.
FACTS, which are power electronic based devices can
change parameters like impedance, voltage and phase angle.
Therefore they have the ability to control power flow pattern
and enhance the usable capacity of the existing lines. The
important feature of FACTS is that they can vary the
parameters rapidly and continuously, which will allow a
desirable control of the system operation[7].
FACTS devices are good to improve the power system
efficiency, improve power factor and reduced in harmonics.
Reactive power is used to control the voltage levels on the
transmission system to improve the efficiency of the system.
Among all the FACTS devices, The STATCOM has the
higher potential to be exceptionally reliable with the added
capacity to sustain reactive current at low, reduce land use and
S.D.Sundarsingh Jebaseelan is with the Sathyabama University, Chennai,
Tamil Nadu, India as Research Scholar. ( provide phone: 9444447783 ; e-
mail: sundarjeba@yahoo.co.in).
Dr.R.Raja Prabu is with the Electrical Engineering Department, B.S.Abdur
Rahman University , Chennai, Tamil Nadu,India (e-mail:
prabusurya@yahoo.com).
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increased relocatability and be developed as a voltage and
frequency support [1-3].
This paper deals with the effect STATCOM in a thirty bus
system and how well it is improve the system performance on
the basis of voltage and reactive power control.
A static compensator is an important member of the family
of controllers known as flexible AC transmission system
(FACTS). An ideal STATCOM can be considered as a three
phase sinusoidal voltage source that can control its magnitude
as well as its phase displacement. The STATCOM is basically
a DC-AC voltage source converter with an energy storage
unit, usually a DC capacitor. It operates as a controlled.
Synchronous Voltage Source (SVS) connected to the line
through a coupling transformer [4-5]
II. STATCOM
A. Facts controller
One of the many devices under the FACTS family, a
STATCOM is a regulating device which can be used to
regulate the flow of reactive power in the system independent
of other system parameters. STATCOM has no long term
energy support on the dc side and it cannot exchange real
power with the ac system. In the transmission systems,
STATCOMs primarily handle only fundamental reactive
power exchange and provide voltage support to buses by
modulating bus voltages during dynamic disturbances in order
to provide better transient characteristics, improve the
transient stability margins and to damp out the system
oscillations due to these disturbances.
STATCOM is a shunt connected reactive power
compensation device. It is capable of generating & absorbing
the reactive power. It can be improve the power system in the
areas are
• Dynamic voltage control in transmission and
distribution.
• Transient stability.
• Control not only reactive power but also active power
in the connected lines.
 International Conference on Trends in Electrical, Electronics and Power Engineering (ICTEEP'2012) July 15-16, 2012 Singapore

B. Principle of operation across Bus 3 without controller are shown in Fig 5. The Real
and Reactive power at bus 3 without controller are shown in
Fig 6. The RMS voltages across Bus 10 without controller are
shown in Fig 7. The Real and Reactive power at bus 10
without controller are shown in Fig 8. The RMS voltages
across Bus 30 without controller are shown in Fig 9. The Real
and Reactive power at bus 30 without controller are shown in
Fig 10.

Fig. 1 Power circuit diagram for STATCOM

The power circuit diagram for STATCOM as shown in the

above diagram. It is a controlled reactive power source. It
provides the reactive power generation and absorption by
means of electronic process of the voltage and current
waveforms in a voltage source [10 ]
Fig.2 30 bus system without STATCOM
STATCOM controller provides voltage support by
generating or absorbing reactive power at the point of common
coupling without the need of large external reactors or
capacitor banks [11]. It is a compact design, small foot print,
low noise and low magnetic impact. The exchange of reactive
power between the converter and AC system can be controlled
by varying the three phase output voltage, E s of the converter.
If the amplitude of the output voltage is increased above that Fig. 3 RMS Voltage waveforms of bus 2
the utility bus voltage, then the current flows through the
reactance from the converter to the ac system and the converter
act as a capacitance and generates reactive power for the ac
system.
If the amplitude of the output voltage is decreased below the
utility bus voltage, then the current flows through the reactance
from the ac system to the converter and the converter act as
inductance and it absorbs the reactive power for the ac system.
If the output voltage equals the ac system, then the reactive
power exchange becomes zero. On that condition STATCOM
is to be in a floating state.
Fig. 4 Real and Reactive power in bus 2
III. SIMULATION RESULTS

A. 30 Bus system without STATCOM

The simulation is done by using mat lab simulink and the
results are presented [12 – 13]. Each line is modeled by its
series impedance. The load is represented by the combination
of R and L. The shunt capacitances of the line are neglected. Fig. 5 RMS Voltage waveforms of bus 3
Circuit model of thirty bus system without controller is shown
in Fig 2. The RMS voltages across Bus 2 without controller
are shown in Fig 3. The Real and Reactive power at bus 2
without controller are shown in Fig 4. The RMS voltages

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International Conference on Trends in Electrical, Electronics and Power Engineering (ICTEEP'2012) July 15-16, 2012 Singapore

B. 30 Bus system with STATCOM

The circuit with controller is shown in Fig 11. In the thirty
bus system the STATCOM is installed in bus 3. The RMS
Voltage across Bus 2 with controller is shown in Fig 12. The
Real and Reactive power at bus 2 with controller are shown in
Fig 13. The RMS Voltage across Bus 3 with controller is
shown in Fig 14. The Real and Reactive power at bus 3 with
controller are shown in Fig 15. The RMS Voltage across Bus
10 with controller is shown in Fig 16. The Real and Reactive
power at bus 10 with controller are shown in Fig 17. The
RMS Voltage across Bus 30 with controller is shown in Fig
18. The Real and Reactive power at bus 30 with controller are
Fig. 6 Real and Reactive power in bus 3
shown in Fig 19.The summary of Real and Reactive powers
with and without controller for thirty bus system is given in
Table I. It can be seen that the reactive power is increased at
bus 3 due to the presence of STATCOM. The increase in the
Reactive power is due to the increased voltage of that bus. The
summary of voltages with and without controller for thirty bus
system is given in Table II. From the Table II it is seen that
the voltage is increased at bus 3 due to the presence of
STATCOM.
Fig.7 RMS Voltage waveforms of bus 10

Fig.8 Real and Reactive power in bus 10

Fig.9 RMS Voltage waveforms of bus 30

Fig.11 30 bus system with STATCOM

Fig.12 RMS Voltage waveforms of bus 2 with STATCOM

Fig.10 Real and Reactive power in bus 30

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 International Conference on Trends in Electrical, Electronics and Power Engineering (ICTEEP'2012) July 15-16, 2012 Singapore

Fig.19 Real and Reactive power in bus 30 with STATCOM

Fig. 13 Real and Reactive power in bus 2 with STATCOM

TABLE 1
SUMMARY OF REAL AND REACTIVE POWERS FOR THIRTY BUS
SYSTEM
BUS NO REAL REAL REACTIV REACTIVE
POWER POWER E POWER POWER
(MW) (MW) (MVAR) (MVAR)
WITHOUT WITH WITHOUT WITH
controller controlle controller controller
Fig.14 RMS Voltage waveforms of bus 3 with STATCOM
r
BUS-1 0.199 0.199 0.208 0.208
BUS-2 0.226 0.327 0.236 0.342
BUS-3 0.021 0.153 0.024 0.16
BUS-4 0.028 0.047 0.029 0.049
BUS-5 0.118 0.119 0.072 0.075
BUS-6 0.307 0.323 0.241 0.253
BUS-7 0.323 0.308 0.261 0.242
BUS-8 0.051 0.072 0.054 0.062
BUS-9 0.05 0.142 0.024 0.022
BUS-10 0.381 0.397 0.304 0.312
Fig. 15 Real and Reactive power in bus 3 with STATCOM
BUS-11 0.612 0.623 0.487 0.489
BUS-12 0.33 0.331 0.13 0.13
BUS-13 0.432 0.436 0.169 0.171
BUS-14 0.296 0.296 0.076 0.076
BUS-15 0.242 0.242 0.047 0.047
BUS-16 0.19 0.19 0.029 0.029
BUS-17 0.182 0.13 0.071 0.052
BUS-18 0.145 0.116 0.038 0.03
BUS-19 0.137 0.122 0.02 0.023
Fig.16 RMS Voltage waveforms of bus 10 with STATCOM
BUS-20 0.145 0.138 0.022 0.021
BUS-21 0.317 0.298 0.124 0.117
BUS-22 0.314 0.314 0.082 0.082
BUS-23 0.231 0.232 0.044 0.045
BUS-24 0.196 0.196 0.03 0.03
BUS-25 0.19 0.19 0.029 0.029
BUS-26 0.461 0.462 0.362 0.363
BUS-27 0.431 0.436 0.17 0.171
Fig.17 Real and Reactive power in bus 10 with STATCOM BUS-28 0.296 0.296 0.076 0.076
BUS-29 0.241 0.242 0.046 0.047
BUS-30 0.339 0.341 0.106 0.107

Fig.18 RMS Voltage waveforms of bus 30 with STATCOM

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 International Conference on Trends in Electrical, Electronics and Power Engineering (ICTEEP'2012) July 15-16, 2012 Singapore

TABLE II [12] S.D. SundarSingh Jebaseelan and Dr. R. Raja Prabhu, “Digital
SUMMARY OF VOLTAGES FOR DIFFERENT BUSES Simulation of Thirty Bus System using TCTC & STATCOM”, Ciit
BUS NO VOLTAGE (KV) VOLTAGE (KV) International Journal of Programmable Device Circuits and Systems, Vol
WITHOUT WITHOUT 3, No 12, pp 675 – 680 ,September 2011.
CONTROLLER CONTROLLER [13] Amit Jain, Karan Joshi, Aman Behal, and Ned Mohan,“Voltage
BUS-1 1.1 1.3 Regulation with STATCOMs: Modeling, Control and Results”, IEEE
BUS-2 2.5 3 Transaction on Power Delivery, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 726-735, April 2006.
BUS-3 350 V 1 [14] L.Gyugi, “ Power electronics in electric utilizes static VAR
compensators”, proc of IEEE, vol 76, pp 483 -484, April 19889. Hideaki
BUS-5 900 V 950 V
Fujita, Hirofumi Akagi and Yasuhiro Watanabe, “Dynamic control and
BUS-6 3.3 3.5 performance of a Unified Power flow Controller for Stabilizing an AC
BUS-10 3.3 3.6 Transmission Systems”, IEEE Transaction on power electronics, vol 21,
BUS - 15 4.4 4.6 No. 4, July 2006.
BUS - 20 4 4.1
BUS - 22 4.4 4.5
BUS - 25 4.3 4.5
BUS - 26 4 4.2 S.D.Sundarsingh Jebaseelan has obtained
BUS- 30 4.4 4.5 his B.E degree from Bharathiyar University
in the year 2002. He obtained his M.E
degree from Annamalai University in the
IV. CONCLUSION year 2005. Presently he is a research
scholar at Sathyabama University. He is
STATCOM are analyzed and the circuit model for the working in the area of Reactive power
system is developed using the blocks available in MATLAB. compensation.
Thirty bus system with and without STATCOM are simulated
and the results are presented. This system has reduced
reliability and improved power quality. The simulation
results are in line with the predictions. Voltages and
Reactive power increases when the STATCOM is applied to Dr.R.Raja Prabu has obtained his
B.E.degree from Annamalai University
the respective buses. The scope of the present work is the
in the year1988. He obtained his M.E
digital simulation STATCOM using mat lab. degree from Annamalai University in the
year 1990. He received Ph.D. degree in
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