RECTANGULAR COMBINED FOOTING

PROCEDURE

1 Compute for the dimension of

the rectangular combined footing

q eff = q allow - ( Surcharge thickness x soil unit weight)

- (Footing depth x concrete unit weight)

2 Solve for the Area required

A req'd = (DL + LL) / q eff

3 Locate the center of gravity of column loads from center of the

left column

R = (DL + LL) left + (DL +LL) right

x = [ (DL + LL) left (0) + (DL +LL) right (z) ] / R

4 Calculate length of footing

L/2 = x + (c/2) where; c = left column width

5 Compute Ultimate Upward Pressure

qu = (1.2 DL + 1.6 LL) / Area

6 Compute for upward force per meter along the length of footing

qu (w)

7 Create the shear diagram

Compute for critical Vu at a distance "d"

from the location of max Vu

Vu = Vmax - qu(w) (d)

 Check for:

Vu (allow) = Φ 1/6(√fc') bd

Adequate if Vu < Vu (allow)

8 Check Adequacy of computed depth "d"

in Punching shear at the interior and exterior columns

Vu = Pu- qu (Ap)

Vp (allow) = φ √fc (bo) (d) / 3

Check Vu < Vp (allow)

9 Locate the position where shear is zero

the maximum moment occurs here

Vo = qu (y) - (Pu) = 0

10 Compute for maximum moment of the footing along

the longitudinal section

Mu max = [ y ( Va) ] /2

11 Compute for the reinforcement needed

Mu =Φ Rn b d^2

Rn =Mu/ (Φ b d^2 )

ρ =( 0.85 fc' / fy) ( 1- √1-(2 Rn /0.85 fc') )

Check value of ρmin = 1.4/fy

ρ> ρmin ; otherwise use ρmin

As = ρ (b) (d)
Problem
A combined rectangular footing supports an exterior column (450 mm square) and an interior column of
(500 mm square) placed at a distance center to center equal to 3.6 m. The exterior column having its face
along the property line carries a DL =535 KN and LL = 446 kN, while the interior column carries a DL=892
kN and LL=668 kN. The bottom of the footing is to be 1.8m below the grade. Allowable soil bearing capacity
is 240 kPa. Weight of soil is 15.74 kN/cu. m and that of concrete is 23.5 kn/ cu. m. fc' = 20.7 MPa, fy = 415
mPa.

Determine:
a) dimension of the rectangular combined footing. Assume t = 650 mm ; concrete cover =75 mm
b) maximum moment of the footing along the longitudinal section.
c) longitudinal reinforcement needed.

GIVEN

DL (ex) = 535 kN DL (in)

LL (ex) = 446 kN LL (in)
column width (ex) = 0.45 m column width (ex)
q allow = 240 kpa fc'
soil unit weight = 15.74 fy
surcharge height = 1.15 d bar
concrete unit weight = 23.5
footing depth, t = 0.65
concrete cover = 0.075

SOLUTION

a) Dimension of the rectangular combined footing

Effective depth = 0.575 m

q eff = 206.624 Kpa

Area (req'd) 12.2977 sq. m

z 3.6 m
R 2541 kN
center of gravity, x = 2.2101535 m

Length of footing

L = 2 [x + (c/2)] 4.87 m

LW = 12.30 m

W= 2.53 m

Use : (dimension in meters) 4.87 x 2.53

Ultimate upward pressure

qu = 283.64351 kpa

upward force per meter along the length of footing

qu = 717.61807 KN/m

Shear at sections:

Pu (ext column) 1355.6 KN

Pu (int column) 2139.2 KN

VA -1032.672 KN
VB 1209.8846 KN
VC -570.5064 KN
VD 0 KN

Critical section of Vu is at a distance "d" from Vmax (VB)

Vmax = 1209.8846 KN

Vu = 797.25421 KN

Vu (allow) = Φ 1/6(√fc') bd 827.3391 KN

Check if Vu (actual) < Vu (allow) SAFE

Check Adequacy of "d" in Punching shear (interior column)

Pu = 2139.2 KN
qu = 283.64351 KN/m
(c+d) 1.075 sq. m

Vp = Pu - qu (c+d)^2 1811.4145 KN

bo = 4300 mm

Vp (allow) = φ √fc (bo) (d) / 3 2812.2989 KN

Check if Vp (actual) < Vp (allow) SAFE

Check Adequacy of "d" in Punching shear (exterior column)

Pu = 1355.6 KN
c+d 1.025 m
c + d/2 0.7375 m

Vp = 1141.1832 KN
bo 2.5 m

Vp (allow) = φ √fc (bo) (d) / 3 1635.0575 KN

Check if Vp (actual) < Vp (allow) SAFE

Therefore use footing thickness = 650 mm

50 mm square) and an interior column of
3.6 m. The exterior column having its face
while the interior column carries a DL=892
ow the grade. Allowable soil bearing capacity
e is 23.5 kn/ cu. m. fc' = 20.7 MPa, fy = 415

50 mm ; concrete cover =75 mm

n.

892 Kn
668 Kn
0.5 m
20.7 mpa
415 mpa
25 mm

SOLUTION

b) Maximum moment of the footing along the longitudinal

Locate the position where shear is zero

the maximum moment occurs here

V0 = qu (y) - (Pu) = 0

y (zero shear) = 1.889027126 m

Mu max = [ y ( Va) ] /2 -975.3726 KN/m

c) Reinforcement on the longitudinal section

Mu = 975.372586014 KN/m

Mu =Φ Rn b d^2

Rn =Mu/ (Φ b d^2 ) 1.2956026424

ρ =( 0.85 fc' / fy) ( 1- √1-(2 Rn /0.85 fc') ) 0.0032462085

check, ρ min = 1.4 / fy 0.003373494

if ρ > ρ min, use ρ ; otherwise ρ min 0

Therefore Use ρ min = 0.003373494

As req'd = ρ b d 4907.59036145
A bar = 490.873852123

No. of bars , N = 10 bars