ISO in brief ISO 9000 and ISO 14000 in brief
ISO is the International Organization for The vast majority of ISO standards are
Standardization. It is made up of national
standards institutes from countries large and
small, industrialized and developing, in all
regions of the world. ISO develops voluntary
technical standards which add value to all
types of business operations.They contribute
to making the development, manufacturing
and supply of products and services more
efficient, safer and cleaner. They make trade
between countries easier and fairer.
ISO standards also serve to safeguard
consumers, and users in general
of products and services – as well as to
make their lives simpler.
ISO develops only those standards which
are required by the market. This work is
carried out by experts on loan from
industrial, technical and business sectors
which have asked for the standards, and
which subsequently put them to use.
These experts may be joined by others with
relevant knowledge, such as representatives
of government agencies and testing
laboratories.
Published under the designation of “Inter-
national Standards”, ISO standards represent
an international consensus on the “state of
the art” in the technology concerned.
Selection and use of ISO 9000, 1998
highly specific to a particular product,
material or process. However, both
ISO 9000 and ISO 14000 are known as
generic management system standards.
Generic means that the same standards
can be applied to any organization, large or
small, whatever its product – independent of
whether its “product” is actually a service –
in any sector of activity, and whether it is a
business enterprise, a public administration,
or a government department.
ISO 9000 is primarily concerned with quality
management. The definition of “quality” in
ISO 9000 refers to all those features of a
product or a service which are required by
the customer. Quality management means
what the organization does to ensure that
its products conform to the customer’s
requirements.
ISO 14000 is primarily concerned with
environmental management. This means
what the organization does to eliminate
harmful effects on the environment caused
by its activities.
ISO 9000 is not a product quality label or
guarantee. ISO 14000 is not a “green” label
for products. ISO does not assess or audit
quality or environmental management
systems. When an organization has a
management system certified to an
ISO 9000 or ISO 14000 standard, this
means that an independent auditor has
checked that the process influencing quality
(ISO 9000), or the process influencing the
impact of the organization’s activities on the
environment (ISO 14000), conforms to the
relevant standard’s requirements.
ISO/TC 176 and ISO/TC 207 are the
ISO technical committees responsible
for developing and maintaining, respectively,
the ISO 9000 and ISO 14000 families
of standards.
1
The ISO Survey of ISO 9000 and ISO 14000 Certificates

The seventh cycle: up to and including 1997

________________________________________________________________________________________________

1. Introduction

ISO does not itself issue certificates of conformity to ISO 9000 or ISO 14000. This is carried out
independently of ISO by certification bodies in the different countries. Therefore, there is no “official”
central database of ISO 9000 and ISO 14000 certificates.

At the same time, ISO 9000 and ISO 14000 are two of our best known families of standards and we
constantly receive requests for information on their implementation worldwide. So it made sense for
ISO Central Secretariat to undertake this survey.

For the sake of continuity, we have kept the same methodology for the seventh cycle as in previous
editions of the survey and readers will find the same type of information. You will notice that, in this
survey, we have included a large amount of data on ISO 14000 certification, which has grown rapidly
during 1997.

2. General remarks

This survey does not pretend to be exhaustive and the reader should consider the data reported in
this survey with care, keeping in mind the remarks below.

2.1 A number of joint assessment arrangements are in operation and these have been taken into
account where known, but a small amount of double counting may have occurred.

2.2 Efforts have been made to maintain consistency between approaches for all seven cycles and in
some cases, estimates have been made. However, it is most likely that in some cases,
undercounting has occurred.

2.3 No attempt has been made to distinguish between accredited and non-accredited certificates. In
consequence, accredited and non-accredited certificates are added together without distinction.
Also, the certificates mentioned might either cover single site or multiple site certifications; again
no distinction has been made.

2.4 As time progresses, certificates are withdrawn or allowed to lapse. This present survey attempts
to show valid certificates only.

The ISO Survey of ISO 9000 and ISO 14000 Certificates – Seventh cycle 1
3. Keys findings on ISO 9000

3.1 A country-by-country breakdown is shown in Annex A and you will find the key findings highlighted
below.

3.2 The success of the ISO 9000 family of standards is still growing. Up to the end of December 1997, at
least 226 349 ISO 9000 certificates have been awarded in 129 countries worldwide. This is an increase
of 63 645 ISO 9000 certificates over the end of December 1996 when the total was 162 704 in 116
countries.

3.3 The regional breakdown that has been used in the survey is justified by the performance of
certain countries, which rapidly showed a large certification activity.

Looking at the different regions of the world, Europe with over 31 000 certificates awarded is still
increasing rapidly, while the Far East with nearly 13 000 certificates awarded in 1997 confirms the
growing interest of their industries in the ISO 9000 certification process.

Regional share
Cut-off date for each cycle
In percent
1993-01-31

1993-09-30

1994-06-30

1995-03-31

1995-12-31

1996-12-31

1997-12-31
Cycle 2

Cycle 3

Cycle 4

Cycle 5

Cycle 6

Cycle 7
Cycle 1

Europe (UK excluded) 16,23 20,79 26,40 29,24 31,42 34,96 38,59
United Kingdom 66,79 60,33 52,34 46,37 41,30 32,63 24,79
Far East countries 2,46 3,40 4,39 6,29 7,26 11,31 13,68
North America 4,32 5,61 6,99 7,77 8,15 10,44 11,00
Australia/New-Zealand 6,69 6,84 6,58 6,81 8,27 5,83 5,66
Africa/West Asia 3,42 2,73 2,64 2,75 2,65 3,79 4,10
Central and South 0,10 0,30 0,68 0,77 0,96 1,05 1,31
Americas

5HJLRQDOVKDUHLQSHUFHQW

100%

80%
Central and South Americas
Africa/West Asia
60% Australia/New-Zealand
North America
Far East countries
40% United Kingdom
Europe (UK excluded)

20%

0%
Cycle 1 Cycle 2 Cycle 3 Cycle 4 Cycle 5 Cycle 6 Cycle 7

2 The ISO Survey of ISO 9000 and ISO 14000 Certificates – Seventh cycle
 7 677 New certificates-Highest growth
5 968 8QLW QXPEHURIFHUWLILFDWHV
4 914 4 813
3 841 3 601

Germany USA Republic of Italy France United

Korea Kingdom

3.4 With 7 677 and 5 968 new ISO 9000 certificates respectively, Germany and USA show the highest
growth. Behind them, Republic of Korea, Italy, France and the United Kingdom have over 3 500
new certificates, also showing a very consistent growth.

3.5 The following countries appear for the first time:

• Belarus • Libyan Arab Jamahiriya • San Marino, Republic of

• Bosnia • Moldova • Senegal
• Bermuda • Mongolia • Sudan
• Grenada • Papua New Guinea

3.6 Key certificate milestones

The following countries have passed key certificate milestones for the first time:

20 000 10 000 5 000 1 000

Germany Australia Canada Finland
France China Hungary
Italy Korea, Republic of Indonesia
The Netherlands Thailand
Turkey

The ISO Survey of ISO 9000 and ISO 14000 Certificates – Seventh cycle 3
3.7 As time progresses, certificates are withdrawn for a variety of reasons. Overleaf is a table
showing the amount of withdrawn certificates per country. A total number of 4 233 certificates
were withdrawn.

Country Certificates Country Certificates Country Certificates

withdrawn withdrawn withdrawn
Austria 18 Hungary 8 Poland 1
Australia 362 India 16 Portugal 2
Belgium 31 Indonesia 5 Russia 1
Brazil 6 Ireland 167 Saudi Arabia 2
Canada 5 Israel 223 Slovenia 3
China 38 Italy 194 Singapore 7
Czech Republic 2 Japan 176 South Africa 557
Colombia 6 Jordan 1 Spain 133
Cyprus 1 Korea, Rep. of 69 Sweden 20
Denmark 212 Kuwait 2 Taiwan 6
Dominican Republic 1 Luxembourg 1 Turkey 38
Finland 30 Malaysia 74 United Kingdom 737
France 27 Mexico 7 Ukraine 1
Germany 457 Netherlands 4 Yugoslavia 1
Greece 18 New-Zealand 209 USA 334
Hong Kong (China) 17 Philippines 1 Zimbabwe 2

4 The ISO Survey of ISO 9000 and ISO 14000 Certificates – Seventh cycle
4. Key findings on ISO 14000

4.1 The first of the ISO 14000 family of standards for environmental management were published in
September 1996 and are already becoming rapidly well known and used. The data received for
1997, broken down by country, is shown in Annex B.

4.2 The total number of certificates awarded (5017) at the end of 1997 has more than tripled,
compared to December 1996.

4.3 Europe and the Far East experienced a very significant growth in 1997, compared to North and
South America, where ISO 14000 appeared to be slower to take off.

Regional share Cut-off date for each cycle

Expressed in percent Cycle 5 Cycle 6 Cycle 7
1995-12-31 1996-12-31 1997-12-31
Europe (UK excluded) 64,20 41,99 45,39
Far East countries 9,73 28,10 32,79
United Kingdom 23,74 21,60 12,84
Australia/New-Zealand 0,39 3,76 3,25
North America 0,39 2,88 2,33
Central and South Americas 1,17 1,01 1,95
Africa/West Asia 0,39 0,67 1,46

5HJLRQDOVKDUHLQSHUFHQW

100%

80%

60%

Africa/West Asia
40% Central and South Americas
North America
Australia/New-Zealand
20% United Kingdom
Far East countries
Europe (UK excluded)
0%
Cycle 5 Cycle 6 Cycle 7

The ISO Survey of ISO 9000 and ISO 14000 Certificates – Seventh cycle 5
 515
New certificates-Highest growth
406
8QLW QXPEHURIFHUWLILFDWHV
322

251
186
144

Japan Republic of United Denmark Germany Netherlands

Korea Kingdom

4.4 Up to the end of 1997, 5 017 environmental certificates are held in 55 countries. Japan shows the
most at 713 with the largest increase of 515 compared to 1996 when the total was 198. The
Republic of Korea follows, representing an increase of 406 certificates since 1996, when the total
was 57. The United Kingdom comes in third showing an increase of 322 certificates which
doubles the 1996 figure and gives a total of 644. Denmark has increased their number of
certificates by 251 making a total of 347 and Germany has a total of 352 certificates representing
an increase of 186.

4.5 The following countries appear for the first time:

• Croatia • Iran • Poland • South Africa

• Czech Republic • Korea, Republic of • Saudi Arabia • Uruguay
• Iceland • Oman • Slovenia

4.6 For the very first time, we are showing the amount of environmental certificates that have been
withdrawn for a variety of reasons. Below is a table showing the amount of withdrawn ISO 14000
certificates per country. A total of 30 certificates were withdrawn and the breakdown per country
is shown in the following table.

Country Certificates Country Certificates

withdrawn withdrawn
Australia 4 Germany 3
Austria 3 Korea, Republic of 2
Czech Republic 1 Sweden 1
Denmark 2 United Kingdom 12
France 1 Uruguay 1

6 The ISO Survey of ISO 9000 and ISO 14000 Certificates – Seventh cycle
 ANNEX A: ISO 9000 certificates awarded
A Country-by country breakdown

ANNEX B: ISO 14000 certificates awarded

A Country-by country breakdown

The ISO Survey of ISO 9000 and ISO 14000 Certificates – Seventh cycle 7
A Annex A: ISO 9000 Certifications Worldwide: Growth from 1993 to end of 1997
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Afghanistan 1 1 1 Austria 101 200 434 667 1133 1824 3528

Bahrain 1 5 9 20 30 Belarus 6
Bangladesh 1 1 Belgium 180 464 870 1226 1716 1871 3391
Botswana 1 4 Bosnia 2
Cameroun 1 5 Bulgaria 1 3 14 42
Congo 1 2 Channel Is. 12 8
Egypt 9 16 45 166 344 Croatia 2 8 22 38 96
Ghana 1 1 2 2 2 Cyprus 1 5 5 7 11 42
India 8 73 328 585 1023 1665 2865 Czech Rep. 18 47 101 180 366 746
Iran 2 97 131 Denmark 326 608 916 1183 1314 1387 1902
Israel 110 170 279 497 526 1709 2303 Estonia 1 1 1 4 1
Ivory Coast 3 4 Finland 185 324 496 646 772 951 1445
Jordan 2 2 8 35 France 1049 1586 3359 4278 5536 8079 11920
Kenya 1 1 11 28 Germany 790 1534 3470 5875 10236 12979 20656
Kuwait 1 9 15 28 Greece 18 46 90 162 248 348 682
Lebanon 6 15 Hungary 3 23 58 125 309 423 1341
Libyan Arab Jamihiriya 1 Iceland 2 3 4 4 12 44 59
Mali 4 5 Ireland 100 893 1132 1410 1617 2056 2534
Mauritius 3 4 59 72 Italy 188 864 2008 3146 4814 7321 12134
Morocco 2 6 9 34 60 Latvia 1 1
Namibia 5 6 11 2 Liechtenstein 14 14 19 5 3
Nigeria 1 1 4 3 Lithuania 2 3 29
Oman 2 5 20 26 53 Luxembourg 4 10 21 40 48 46 89
Pakistan 1 3 7 22 56 Macedonia 1 3 8
Qatar 1 1 5 7 29 Malta 1 3 7 12 28 45
Saudi Arabia 4 10 30 53 98 159 211 Moldova 6
Senegal 1 Monaco 1 1 2 5 5 10 20
Seychelles 1 2 Netherlands 716 1502 2718 4198 5284 7986 10380
Sierra Leone 1 1 Norway 91 172 400 679 890 1109 1273
South Africa 824 1007 1161 1369 1454 1882 1915 Poland 1 1 16 41 130 260 669
Sri Lanka 1 1 1 1 7 22 38 Portugal 48 85 181 257 389 535 819
Sudan 1 Romania 6 15 42 61 214
Swaziland 1 2 2 3 2 Russia 5 8 15 22 56 95
Syrian Arab Rep. 6 7 San Marino, Rep of 19
Tunisia 1 1 2 3 13 25 51 Slovakia 5 11 27 59 135 404
United Arab Emirates 3 9 35 45 104 139 975 Slovenia 3 16 43 62 99 152 467
Yemen 1 2 2 Spain 43 320 586 942 1492 2496 4268
Zaire 1 1 1 1 Sweden 229 365 618 871 1095 1931 2789
Zambia 1 1 1 3 3 33 Switzerland 410 569 945 1520 2065 3701 4653
Zimbabwe 12 23 44 49 Turkey 26 65 106 270 434 606 1284
Ukraine 1 4 7 8 14 30
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Share in percent 3,42 2,73 2,64 2,75 2,65 3,79 4,10
Nb. of countries 7 8 16 24 27 37 40 Europe (excl. UK)       

Share in percent 16,23 20,79 26,40 29,24 31,42 34,96 38,59

United Kingdom        Nb. of countries 23 29 33 33 35 38 42
Share in percent 66,79 60,33 52,34 46,37 41,30 32,63 24,79
Nb. of countries 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

The ISO Survey of ISO 9000 and ISO 14000 Certificates – Seventh cycle (page 8)
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Brunei 2 3 5 17 46 185 Argentina 3 9 23 37 86 302 397

China 10 35 150 285 507 3406 5698 Bahamas 1 1
Fiji 1 1 4 8 Barbados 1 2 7
Guam 1 1 Bermuda 3
Hong Kong (China) 69 161 336 551 739 1312 1637 Brazil 19 113 384 548 923 1198 2068
Indonesia 1 8 22 55 125 340 1273 Chile 9 11 21 29 34
Japan 165 434 1060 1827 3762 7247 6487 Colombia 6 23 51 49 71 170
Malaysia 122 224 258 628 690 1123 1610 Costa Rica 1 2 2 2 7
Mongolia 1 Cuba 4 11
Myanmar 2 4 Curacao 4 2 2
Papua New Guinea 7 Dominican Rep. 1 4 4 5
Philippines 4 13 79 102 155 629 Ecuador 1 4 13
Korea, Rep. of 27 87 226 390 619 892 5806 El Salvador 1 1 1 3 6
Singapore 243 523 662 1003 1180 1808 2909 Grenada 1
Taiwan 43 96 337 1060 1354 1889 3601 Guatemala 1 1
Thailand 3 9 24 95 143 182 1104 Guyana 3 3
Vietnam 1 1 13 Jamaica 2 12 10
Panama 17 9
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1ERIFRXQWULHV 9 11 11 12 13 15 17 Puerto Rico 2 4 12 25 23 31
Trinidad/Tobago 2 9 9 10
Australia 1668 2695 3710 5299 8834 7252 10547 Uruguay 6 8 17 32
New-Zealand 194 489 918 1180 1692 2226 2399 Venezuela 5 9 28 56 81 5 157

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Share in percent 6,69 6,84 6,58 6,81 8,27 5,83 5,66 Share in percent 0,10 0,30 0,68 0,77 0,96 1,05 1,31
Nb. of countries 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Nb. of countries 3 6 9 12 16 20 24

Canada 292 530 870 1290 1397 3955 5852

Mexico 16 24 85 145 215 412 711
USA 893 2059 3960 5954 8762 12613 18581

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Share in percent 4,32 5,61 6,99 7,77 8,15 10,44 11,00

Nb. of countries 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
* Data received from Quality Systems Update / McGraw-Hill Companies

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The ISO Survey of ISO 9000 and ISO 14000 Certificates – Seventh cycle (page 9)
A Annex B: ISO 14000 Certifications Worldwide: Growth from 1995 to end of 1997

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Egypt 1 7 Austria 11 56 198

India 1 2 28 Belgium 8 137
Iran 2 Croatia 2
Israel 4 6 Czech Republic 4
Mauritius 1 1 Denmark 21 96 347
Oman 1 Finland 10 41 151
Pakistan 1 2 France 3 23 52
Saudi Arabia 1 Germany 35 166 352
South Africa 21 Greece 1 6
United Arab Emirates 1 4 Hungary 3 12
Iceland 1
$IULFD:HVW$VLD    Ireland 3 8 82
Share in percent 0,39 0,67 1,46 Italy 27 103
Nb. Of Countries 1 6 10 Luxembourg 1 6
Netherlands 74 119 263
Norway 3 13 35
Poland 8
Portugal 1 7
Slovakia 1 6
Slovenia 5
Spain 13 92
Sweden 2 25 194
Switzerland 18 170
Turkey 3 6 44

Europe (excl. UK) 165 626 2277

Share in percent 64,20 41,99 45,39
Nb. of countries 10 19 24

United Kingdom   

Share in percent 23,74 21,60 12,84

Nb. of countries 1 1 1

The ISO Survey of ISO 9000 and ISO 14000 Certificates – Seventh cycle (page 10)
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China 9 22 Argentina 1 5 28
Hong Kong (China) 7 46 Barbados 3 3
Indonesia 3 45 Brazil 2 6 63
Japan 4 198 713 Colombia 1 3
Korea, Republic of 19 57 463 Uruguay 1
Malaysia 7 36
Philippines 1 11 &HQWUDODQG6RXWK$PHULFDV   

Singapore 37 65 Share in percent 1,17 1,01 1,95

Taiwan 2 42 183 Nb. of countries 2 4 5
Thailand 58 61
Canada 7 27
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Share in percent 9,73 28,10 32,79 USA 1 34 79
Nb. of countries 3 10 10
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Australia 1 53 137 Share in percent 0,39 2,88 2,33

New-Zealand 3 26 Nb. of countries 1 3 3

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Share in percent 0,39 3,76 3,25

Nb. of countries 1 2 2

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The ISO Survey of ISO 9000 and ISO 14000 Certificates – Seventh cycle (page 11)
Acknowledgements for the seventh cycle

The ISO Central Secretariat would like to thank all the ISO member bodies for their assistance and the
following bodies for providing information either about their own activities or the activities in their
region; without their cooperation, this report would not be possible.

Australia: CSQC Cert. Pty Ltd., DLIQ Cert. Services, DNV, International Standards Cert., International
Quality Systems, LRQA, NCS International, QAS, QMS Cert. Services, SGS, and Total Quality Cert.
Services.
Austria: ARGE-ZERT, OEQS, SGS, TUV Osterreich and Zertifizierung Bau GmbH.
Belgium: AIB-Vinçotte, BCCA, BQA, CEBEC, Eurosym N.V., Euro-Quality System, and LRQA.
Canada: Quality Systems Update/McGraw Hill Companies.
China: CNACR
Denmark: DELTA, and DNV.
France: AFAQ, ASCII Qualitatem, DNV, ECOPASS, LRQA, and UTAC.
Germany: AdvoCert, AGRIZERT, Bau-System Zert., BAYZERT, BUV-ZERT NO GmbH, BUV ZERT
Baden, BVQI, Cert-KS, DVGW Cert., DVS ZERT, Eurocert, Federal Motor Transport Auth., FQM,
Güteschutz Beton-und Fert. Nord, GlobalCert, GZBB, GZQ, ifta CERT, KPMG Cert., MPA NRW, NIS
Zert., Prüf-und Forschungsinstitut für die Schuhherstellung, Q-Zert, REG TP Zert., SGS, SUDCERT,
TUV Anlagentechnik, TUV Cert-TUV Saarland, TUV Cert-Zertifikate, TUV Management Service,
VDE Testing & Cert., VdS Schadenverhütung, VEW Eurotest and ZAID.
Hong Kong: HKQAA
Iceland: Vottun
Italy: CERMET, CSQA, ICEC, SGS, SINCERT, and UNITER.
Japan: JAB and JQA
Mexico: Quality Systems Update/McGraw Hill Companies.
The Netherlands: Certificatie Bureau, KEMA, and Kiwa.
New-Zealand: BVQI, DNV, KPMG Cert., LRQA, SGS, and Telarc.
Norway: DNV, and NCS AS.
Poland: Polish Centre for Testing and Cert.
Portugal: APCER
Slovenia: SIQ
Spain: Entidad de Cert. Y Aseguramiento and SGS.
Sweden: AF-Kontroll, BMG TRADE, DNV, SEMKO AB and SFK Cert.
Switzerland: IQNET, SAS, SGS and SQS.
United Kingdom: ASTA, AOQC Moody, BASEC, BM Trada Cert., BVQI, CICS, CQA Ltd., DNVQA,
EAQA, EECA, LRQA, National Approval Council for Security Systems, NQA, QSRMC, Quality Cert.
Ltd., SGS, Sira Cert. Service and TUV UK QA,
United States of America: ABS Quality, Quality Systems Update/McGraw Hill Companies and
Underwriters Laboratories.
Vietnam: QUACERT

Note - Bodies with certification activities in 10 or more countries are indicated in Italics.

The ISO Survey of ISO 9000 and ISO 14000 Certificates is published annually in English by the
International Organization for Standardization (ISO).

Enquiries on the ISO Survey of ISO 9000 and ISO 14000 Certificates awarded worldwide should be
addressed to:

Mr. Jacques-Olivier Chabot Ms. Sue Jenner

Telephone +41 22 749 02 57 Telephone +41 22 749 02 58
Telefax +41 22 734 10 79 Telefax +41 22 734 10 79
E-mail chabot@iso.ch E-mail jenner@iso.ch

12 The ISO Survey of ISO 9000 and ISO 14000 Certificates – Seventh cycle
 For more information
on ISO 9000 and ISO 14000

Contact
your national standards institute or
the ISO Central Secretariat.

Read
ISO 9000 + ISO 14000 News (six issues
a year), which provides comprehensive
coverage of international developments
relating to ISO’s two families of manage-
ment system standards – ISO 9000 (quality)
and ISO 14000 (environment) – including
news of their implementation by diverse
organizations around the world.

ISO Bulletin (monthly), which provides an

overview of ISO’s activities in international
standardization in fields that range from
traditional activities, such as agriculture
and construction, through mechanical
engineering to the newest technology
developments, such as the digital coding
of audio-visual signals for multimedia
applications.

Both publications are available

through ISO’s national members and
the Central Secretariat.

Connect
with ISO Online, the electronic information
service on Internet, accessible via the World
Wide Web by connecting with the following
Uniform Resource Locator (URL):

http://www.iso.ch/
Selection and use of ISO 9000, 1998

Related sites

ISO/TC 176:
http://www.bsi.org.uk/iso-tc176-sc2/

ISO/TC 207:
http://www.tc207.org/home/index.html
2