Name of Nikka Stella Louise Q.

Schedule 7:20-8:20, 8:20-9:20, 1:00-

Teacher Allaba 2:00, 3:00-4:00

Time frame: 120 minutes Sections Narra, Mahogany, Yakal,

Molave, Almaciga

School SNHS Date January 23, 2020

I. OBJECTIVES
A. Content Standards The learner demonstrates understanding of
how Anglo-American literature and other text
types serves as means of preserving values in
a changing world.
B. Performance Standards The learner competently performs in a full-
length play through applying effective verbal
and non-verbal strategies and ICT resources
based on the following criteria: Focus, Voice,
Delivery and Dramatic Conventions.
C. Learning Competencies/Objectives A) Determine the relevance and the
truthfulness of the ideas presented in
the material viewed. [EN9VC-IVa-10]
B) Relate text content to particular social
issues, concerns, or dispositions in
real life. [EN9RC-IVa-2.18]

II. CONTENT Forms of Discrimination/Prejudice

III. LEARNING RESOURCES
A. References
1. Teacher’s Guide pages
2. Learner’s Material pages
3. Textbook pages
4. Additional Materials from Learning
Resource (LR) portal
B. Other Learning Resources
IV. PROCEDURES
Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity
Preliminaries
 1. Prayer Let us pray.
Let us bow down our heads and put ourselves
in the presence of the Lord
2. Greetings Good Morning too, Ma’am.
Good Morning class.
3. Checking of Attendance
Who’s absent for today? Ares
Bajuyo..

4. Review of the past lesson

Last time we discussed about The River
of Dreams.
What are those issues the speaker is
*Spiritual aspect
confronting in his life again?
*Doubt
*Fear
*Hope
*Belief in the Afterlife

Okay. Very Good.

Introductory Activity
5 minutes
Picture Analysis

Look at the picture on the screen. Read

the statement.
1. What can you say about the They say all Chinese people look the same.
photo?

2. Is there truth about the photo?

No, ma’am.
3. What made the person say that
all Chinese people look the Their eyes because they have similar eye
same? shape.

4. Is it a negative or a positive
statement? Negative, ma’am.
 5. What is the theme of the picture?
Discrimination, judgment or hate, ma’am.
Activity/Strategy
15 minutes
COOPERATIVE LEARNING- Small
Group Discussion

I will divide the class into 5 groups. Count

1 to 5. Go to your group mates. Get ¼
sheet of paper. Write the names of your
group members at the back of the paper.

Now, eyes on the screen again. Identify

what are the social issues being
presented.

So what is being presented on the first

video?

Racism, ma’am.

How about the second one? Prejudice/Discrimination of Spiritual belief,

ma’am.

For the last one?

Homophobia/Discrimination of Gender

Okay, count the number of corrects and

pass your ¼ sheet of paper.

Analysis (10 minutes)

Class, do you really believe that there are Yes, ma’am because we can relate on
truth on the materials you viewed? personal experience.
In today’s reality, which of the following The news about the gay that was killed, the
materials viewed were obviously true? eruption of Taal volcano, and the
discrimination of spiritual belief, ma’am.

In today’s reality, how can you say that

there are truths in the issues you have Because they were reported on the television
chosen? and they are recent or existing issues in
today’s reality.

Okay.
Think about the advertisements you have
seen on TV.

Today, there are lots of advertisement

that really entices people to buy a
product even without knowing if there are
results or truth in it such as instant
whitening or slimming.
Is there truth about
*instant whitening product where you will Opinion ma’am, because it takes time or
just spray your skin and in no time your undergo process.
skin will turn white
*advertisements about colas, vitamilk, Opinion, ma’am.
juices that can make you energetic after
drinking it

*eating vegetables will make you smart. *answers may vary*

*eating junk foods will make you stupid. *answers may vary*

There are also news reports that could

be telling the truth or not such as the third
video about a father accused of killing his
own son being gay.
Abstraction (30 minutes)
Ideas and claims are often presented in
the form of an argument. You might take
an issue that seems to be valid, but is
not.
There are three ways to identify the truth
of a statement. These are fallacy, fact or
opinion, and bias.
A fallacy is not just bad reasoning but
bad reasoning that appears to be good. It
is an invalid reasoning.
In order to know the truth about ideas
and claims, we are going to classify
fallacies first.
1. Ad hominem
Ad hominem is a Latin word that means
“against the man.” As the name
suggests, it is a literary term that involves
commenting on or against an opponent,
to undermine him instead of his
arguments.

Example :
“How can you argue your case for
vegetarianism when you are enjoying
that steak?”
This clearly shows how a person is
attacked instead of being addressed for
or against his argument.
2. Appeal to Force
An appeal to force is a fallacy is based
on the threat of harm and is not relevant
to the argument itself.
Example: A friend who means a great
deal to you desperately wants to be the
top runner in the school. Before a track
meet, your friend says to you, 'If you
don't let me win the race, I can't be your
friend anymore. Letting me win the race
makes sense, don't you think?'

This is a fallacy because the threat of

losing the friendship if you win the race
doesn't make a strong argument in favor
of forfeiting. Your friend is simply
manipulating you into seeing things his
way, even though his argument isn't at all
logical.
3. Appeal to authority
Appeal to authority is a common type of
fallacy, or an argument based on
unsound logic.
Something must be true because it is
believed by someone who said to be an
"authority" on the subject. Whether the
person is actually an authority or not, the
logic is unsound. Instead of presenting
actual evidence, the argument just relies
on the credibility of the "authority."
Ex: A commercial claims that a specific
brand of cereal is the best way to start
the day because athlete Michael Jordan
says that it is what he eats every day for
breakfast.
4. Appeal to emotion
Appeal to emotion makes a claim based
on sympathy or empathetic instead of
just or logical grounds.
Type of fallacy in which one manipulates
another's emotions to win an argument.
Emotional appeals do not rely on facts or
evidence; rather, they rely on playing on
emotions.
ex: 1. Sarah did not want to eat soup for
dinner, but her mother told her to think of
all the starving children in the world who
do not have food at all.
Sarah eating (or not eating) her food has
no bearing on starving children in another
part of the world.

2. A real estate ad that shows a happy

young family with children moving into
the home of their dreams.
3. A politician who argues that the other
party is going to cut spending and that
will have a negative impact on
grandmothers living on social security.
4. A political ad that shows the candidate
shaking hands with the community as he
leaves church on Sunday morning.

5. Appeal to Popularity
Appeal to Popularity is making an
argument that something is the right or
correct thing to do because a lot of
people agree with doing it. This type of
fallacy is also called bandwagon.
Examples of Appeal to Popularity:
1. Everyone says that it's okay to lie as
long as you don't get caught.
2. It might be against the law to drink
when you are 18 years old, but everyone
does it, so it's okay.
3. 75% of the population believes that
Hillary Clinton is corrupt, and I just can't
vote for a liar.

6. Appeal to Tradition
Appeal to Tradition uses historical
preferences of the people (tradition),
either in general or as specific as the
historical preferences of a single
individual, as evidence that the historical
preference is correct.
Traditions are often passed from
generation to generation with no other
explanation besides, “this is the way it
has always been done”—which is not a
reason, it is an absence of a reason.
Logical form
We have been doing X for generations.
Therefore, we should keep doing X.

Our ancestors thought X was right.

Therefore, X is right.

Example #1:
Dave: For five generations, the men in
our family went to Stanford and became
doctors, while the women got married
and raised children. Therefore, it is my
duty to become a doctor.
Kaitlin: Do you want to become a doctor?
Dave: It doesn’t matter -- it is our family
tradition. Who am I to break it?
Explanation: Just as it takes people to
start traditions, it takes people to end
them. A tradition is not a reason for
action -- it is like watching the same
movie over and over again but never
asking why you should keep watching it.

7. Begging the Question

Begging the Question is a fallacy in
which a claim is made and accepted to
be true, but one must accept the premise
to be true for the claim to be true.
Essentially, one makes a claim based on
evidence that requires one to already
accept that the claim is true.
Examples of Begging the Question:
Everyone wants the new iPhone because
it is the hottest new gadget on the
market!
God is real because the Bible says so,
and the Bible is from God.
Smoking cigarettes can kill you because
cigarettes are deadly.
8. Cause and Effect
Cause and Effect is a fallacy that occurs
when someone claims that because two
things typically occur together that one
causes the other. However, the two
things do not have a cause-effect
relationship.
Examples of Confusing Cause and
Effect:
1. Jennifer comes to class just as the bell
rings every day. Jennifer's arrival at class
causes the bell to ring.
2. Depression causes sickness. People
who are terminally ill are also often
depressed. So, depression can cause
illness.
9. Fallacy of Composition
Fallacy of Composition is inferring that
something is true of the whole from the
fact that it is true of some part of the
whole. This is the opposite of the fallacy
of division.
Logical Form:
A is part of B.
A has property X.Therefore, B has
property X.
Example: 1. Each brick in that building
weighs less than a pound. Therefore, the
building weighs less than a pound.

2. Your brother is in 2nd grade at my

school who buys the most popsicles at
lunch so the 2nd grade at my school
must like to eat a lot of popsicles.
10. Fallacy of Division
Fallacy of Division is when someone
argues that something that is true for the
whole is also true for the parts of the
whole.
Examples of Fallacy of Division:
1. The 2nd grade at my elementary
school buys the most popsicles at lunch.
Your brother is in 2nd grade at my
school, so he must like to eat a lot of
popsicles.
2. Women in the United States are paid
less than men. Therefore, my mom must
make less money than my dad.
3. I just read a report about teachers not
being happy with how much they are
paid. So, my Aunt Sarah who is a teacher
must be unhappy with her salary.
Another way to determine the truth is by
identifying if the statements is a fact or an
opinion. Something that is proven and tested, ma’am.
What is fact?
Okay, very well. Something that came from your own ideas
How about opinion? and it is not proven or validated, ma’am.

Very well.
Look at the comparison below.
Facts
1. Dogs have fur.
2. The Beatles were a band.
3. President Rodrigo Duterte is the 16th
President of the Philippines

Opinion
1. Dog fur is pretty.
2. The Beatles sang great songs.
3. President Rodrigo Duterte is the
greatest president the Philippines ever
had.

Another way is Bias.

Favoritism or unfair, ma’am.
What is bias?
Okay.
Bias
Bias is the tendency of a human being to
have a positive tendency, for something
or a negative tendency against
something. Other words that describe a
bias are a prejudgment for or against
something.
A bias can lead to a prejudice and a
prejudice can lead to a stereotyping.
Biases can lead to poor judgment, poor
reasoning skills, and faulty decision
making because they may close the
person's mind off to alternative ideas,
truths and opinions.
There are many kinds of bias.
1. Correspondence bias
The correspondence bias is the tendency
to draw inferences about a person’s
unique and enduring dispositions from
behaviors that can be entirely explained
by the situations in which they occur.

Ex: When we see someone else kick a

vending machine for no visible reason,
we assume they are “an angry person.”
But when you yourself kick the vending
machine, it’s because the bus was late,
the train was early, your report is
overdue, and now the damned vending
machine has eaten your lunch money for
the second day in a row. Surely, you
think to yourself, anyone would kick the
vending machine, in that situation.
2. Confirmation Bias
A confirmation bias is a type of cognitive
bias that involves favoring information
that confirms your previously existing
beliefs or biases.

For example, imagine that a person holds

a belief that left-handed people are more
creative than right-handed people.
Whenever this person encounters a
person that is both left-handed and
creative, they place greater importance
on this "evidence" that supports what
they already believe. This individual
might even seek "proof" that further
backs up this belief while discounting
examples that don't support the idea.
Henry, on the other hand, is adamantly
opposed to gun control. He seeks out
news sources that are aligned with his
position. When he comes across news
stories about shootings, he interprets
them in a way that supports his current
point of view.

These two people have very different

opinions on the same subject and their
interpretations are based on their beliefs.
Even if they read the same story, their
bias tends to shape the way they
perceive the details, further confirming
their beliefs.
3. Framing effect
Framing effect is the principle that our
choices are influenced by the way they
are framed through different wordings,
settings, and situations.
The framing effect is a cognitive bias
where people decide on options based
on whether the options are presented
with positive or negative connotations;
e.g. as a loss or as a gain

How does it happen?

Which one of these products would you
pick:‘80% lean’ ground beef or ‘20%’ fat
ground beef?
Most people would be more likely to
choose the first option in both cases,
even though the two choices are
identical.
The framing effect is a cognitive bias
where people decide on options based
on whether the options are presented
with positive or negative connotations;
e.g. as a loss or as a gain.

People tend to avoid risk when a positive

frame is presented but seek risks when a
negative frame is presented.
4. Hindsight Bias
Hindsight bias is a term used in
psychology to explain the tendency of
people to overestimate their ability to
have predicted an outcome that could not
possibly have been predicted.
In essence, the hindsight bias is sort of
like saying "I knew it!" when an outcome
(either expected or unexpected) occurs -
and the belief that one actually predicted
it correctly.
5. A letter comes in the mail informing an
individual that he was accepted into
college. When he tells his mother she
says, "I really had a feeling that you were
going to get in" (even though she had
expressed doubts to his father earlier that
week).
An individual notices that outside, it's
beginning to look a little bit gray. He says
to himself, I bet that it's going to rain this
afternoon. When it actually does rain, the
individual tells himself that he was certain
that it would when he saw the clouds
rolling in earlier.
You are nervous to take an exam for
which you waited to study until the very
last minute. When you take the exam,
you feel unsure about the results;
however, when your grade comes back a
B+, you exclaim to your friends, "I was
sure that I'd aced that exam!" and
actually believe it in hindsight.
6. Conflict of interest
A conflict of interest is a situation in
which an individual has competing
interests or loyalties because of their
duties to more than one person or
organization. A person with a conflict of
interest can't do justice to the actual or
potentially conflicting interests of both
parties.
A conflict of interest can exist in many
different situations, involving personal
loyalty and loyalty to a private employer,
a government employer, or a
professional relationship.
Examples:
A public official whose personal interests
conflict with their expected loyalty to the
organization.
A person who has a position of authority
in one business that conflicts with his or
her interests in another business or
organization.
6. Cultural Bias
Cultural bias is the tendency for
 people to judge the outside world
through a narrow view based on their
own culture. Ex: An employee from a
particular cultural background may
not be deemed to deserve
promotion. A teacher may show less
interest in the progress of students of
a particular community. A judge may
consciously or unconsciously give a
harsher verdict to a person who hails
from a community that he or she
considers inferior.
Application/Assessment (20 minutes)
Get your activity notebooks.
Test I. Identify the fallacy presented in each
statements.
1. Appeal to emotion
2. Appeal to tradition
3. Appeal to Popularity
4. Appeal to authority
5. Appeal to force
Test II. Determine whether the idea presented
are fact, opinion, or bias. If the answer is bias,
classify what type of bias.
6. The Philippines is named after King Philip II
of Spain.- Fact
7. Dr. Jose Rizal is the greatest hero of all
time.- Opinion
8. An individual notices that outside, it's
beginning to look a little bit gray. He says to
himself, I bet that it's going to rain this
afternoon. When it actually does rain, the
individual tells himself that he was certain that
it would when he saw the clouds rolling in
earlier. -Hindsight Bias
9. A doctor tells you that you need a surgical
procedure and there is 98% chance of
survival rate if you proceed but if not, your
chances of living is just 2%.
- Framing Effect
10. 5. Mr. Austin was not promoted because
he was of Jewish descent other than that his
co-workers are not so friendly towards him.-
Cultural Bias
Test III. Identify the social issues, concerns, or
dispositions in real life that are presented in
each statement.
1. Rasheed applied for a position in
a private school but he was not
hired because he is a Muslim.
2. An American woman in a grocery
store was caught on video and
has gone viral. The video shows
the elderly American woman
talking to Jenny and Alfred
saying she doesn’t want them
talking Philippine language and
goes on to accuse Filipinos of
“stealing our food, stealing our
money, and stealing our jobs.”
3. “I can’t tell anyone because,
basically no one knows that I am
gay.. I got punched in the
corridor today for example, and I
can’t tell the teacher because it
will involve coming out.” Nick
said in an interview via
Stonewall.

Assignment/Agreement
Research about the technical theater
vocabulary. Write it on a 1 whole sheet paper
or print it out in a long bond paper.
V. REMARKS

VI. REFLECTION NO. OF LEARNERS NO. OF LEARNERS

ACHIEVED BY THE PL DIDN’T ACHIEVE THE
PL
Grade 9 Narra
Grade 9 Mahogany
Grade 9 Yakal
Grade 9 Molave
Grade 9 Alamaciga