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How Voltage Drop Affects the

Operation of Induction Machines
Cole Ferguson · Sep 29, 2016 · Leave a Comment

Voltage drop can negatively affect the performance of your induction machines

Induction machines do not like voltage drop. When talking about induction
machines, what most people think about is the 3 phase AC induction motor. For the
most part, the power output of an induction machine is directly proportional to
voltage and current. If the voltage of a motor drops, the motor must draw more
current to compensate. As long as the current being drawn by the motor is within
the nameplate limits, this isn’t necessarily something to worry about for short
periods of time. However, over longer periods of time or with a signi cant voltage
drop, there will be a negative impact on the performance of your induction
machine.

Induction Machines Overheating

If a motor is drawing more current than it is rated for on the nameplate, the wires
that make up the windings will start to overheat. Overheating for any extended
period of time will lead to a loss of lifespan of the motor. If the amount of current it
is drawing is too far outside the nameplate rating, the motor will burn out all
together.

Battery Life Reduction caused by Induction

Machines
If your motorCopyright
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Loss of Speed and Torque in Induction Machines

This train is never going to move without the appropriate voltage

Another thing that happens as voltage drops and current increases is a loss of
speed and torque at the motor. This loss of speed and torque can negatively impact
whatever process the motor is supplying.
If the speed and torque of the motor decreases enough, the motor will go back to
its “starting” state. When starting, a motor requires large amounts of torque in
order to start moving whatever load is attached to the motor. In order to get this
starting torque, you require a large amount of current. So the current value spikes,
which causes the voltage to drop even more! All of this results in a motor that
doesn’t move and could quickly burn out.

Be Sure to Have Proper Protection!

In order to protect your motors from burning out due to voltage drop, it is important
that you size your motor protection relays appropriately so that they will trip when
voltage drops and current spikes.
As always, thanks for reading!
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 AC Motor, Electric Motors, Induction Machines, Induction Motor, Voltage Drop

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