Cry of Pugad Lawin

1. 3 september 1911 Balintawak

a. 26 august 1896
2. Pugadlawin (J. Ramos)
a. Pio Valen account
b. 23 August 1896 (Agoncillo)
3. Kangkong
a. Gullermo Masangkay
b. 23 Aug 1896
4. Tandang Sora’s home
a. Kalookan
b. 24 Aug 96
 29 Aug – Manila attack
 25 Aug- skirmishes
o Retyreated to pasong tamo
 26 Aug- Balara
 30 Aug- Attack arsenal in San Juan del Monte, Morong

ATTACKS
 PASIG
 Pandacan Church
 Pateros, Taguig
 Kalookan, San Pedro Makati
 Kawit, San Francisco de Malabpn, Noveleta
 Nva Ejica (San Isidro)- 3 Sept 96
o Gen. Mariano Llanera
Reaction from Government
 GG Ramon Blanco
o Provinces under state of war/ martial law
 Manila
 Cavite
 Batangas
 Laguna
 Bulacan
 Pampanga
 Tarlac
 Nva Ejica
22 November 2019
KAS 1

Factions of Katip
 Magdalo & Magdiwang
o Prov councils of Cavite
o Magdalo
 Baldomero Ocampo
 Kawit (Cavite Viejo)
o Magdiwang
 Mariano Alvarez
 Noveleta
 Conflict
o Magdiwang: Maintiain current structure of Katip
 Dec 1896
 M Alvarez, Artemio Ricarte
o Consult Bonifacio
o Invite Boni to Cavite
o Aguinaldo y Edilberto Evangelista meet Bonifacio
 22 March 1897
 Tejeros Convention
o Tejeros: San Francisco de Malabon
o New Set of Leaders
 Election
o Election:
 President: E Aguinaldo MD
 VPred: Mariano Trias MD
 CapGen: Artemio Ricarte MW
 Dir of War: Emiliano Riego de Dios
 Dir Interiror: A Bonifacio
o Daniel Tirona
 Magdalo
 Questioned Director of Interior
 Suggests Jose del Rosario (lawyer)
o A Bonifacio
 dissolves Tejeros Convention
 23 March 1897
 Acta de Tejeros
o Signed: 45 Katipunero y
Bonifacio
o Reasons for rejecting the Tejeros
Convention
 Dayaan
o 18 April 1897
 Naik Military Agreement
 Formation of army within Katipunan
  Formation of new government vs
Tejeros
 Aguinaldo during Tejeros Convention
o Pasong Tamo frontlines
o Refused to take oath
 Baldomero Aguinaldo
o Oath Taking
 Tanza, Cavite
 4 took oath | without Bonifacio
o Order of Arrest: Andres Bonifacio
 Arrest of Andres Bonifacio
o Limbon, Indang
o Agapito Bonzon
o Trial of Boni: Council of War
 29 April- 4 May
 Verdict: execution
 8 May 1897
 Baldomero Aguinaldo urges E Aguinaldo to sign verdict
 Emilio Aguinaldo changes verdict to exile
 Mariano Noriel y Pio del Pilar
o Convinces Aguinaldo to withdraw
 10 May
 Lazaro Makapagal
 Ordered to bring Bonifacios to Mt Tala
 Letter: order of execution

GG Polavieja
 New GG: Fernando Primo de Rivera
o 23 April 1897 arrives
o 14 May 1897
 Cavite towns regained
o 10 June 1897
 Aguinaldo in Talisay, Batangas
 500 men through Pasig
 Malapad na Bato, Guadalupe
 San Juan del Monte
 Montalban, Rizal
o Mt Puray
 Biak na Bato, San Miguel de Mayumo, Bulacan
New Government
 Before July
 Aguinaldo: Republican Government
o Constituion:
 Felixz Ferrer
 Isabelo Artacho
 Copied from Cuban conctitution of Jimaguayu
  1 Novemenber 1897
o Signed
 2 November 1897
o Suprmeme Council
 Election:
o Presdent: Aguinaldo
o VPres: Mariano Trias
o Sec of Foreign Affairs: Antonio Montenegro
o Sec of Interiro: I Artacho
o Sec of war: Emiliano Riego de Dios
o Sec of treasury : Baldomero Aguinaldo

To the brave sons of the Phiolippines

 To the Brave sons of the Philippines (revolutionary demands)
o Expulsion of friars
o Representation in Spansih Cortes
o Freedomom of the press
o Religious tolerance
o Equal treatment in banishment
o Legal Equality

Fr. Pio Pi
 Negotiations with Pedro Paterno
 Aug – Dec 1897
o 3 documents

Pact of Biak na Bato/ Truce of Biak na Bato

 Voluntary exile of Aguinaldo to Hong Kong
 800, 000 top be given to revolutionaries
 Armes surrendered >
o 200,000
 Te Deum played in Manila Cathedral
o 200,000
 900,000 to non-combatants

December 1897
 Aguinaldo to Hong Kong
 Aguinaldo brings 400,000
o Chartered Hong Kong Bank
o Aguinaldo y Compaña
o Soberania interior
January 1898
 Continued arrests of katipuneros
 Artacho files case v. Aguinaldo
o 400,000 pesos
Emilio Aguinaldo in exile
 summoned to court
 escapes to Singapore via Saigon
 meets Howard Bray
o arrange meeting with US Consul in Singapore
 E. Spencer Pratt
 Commodore George Dewey
o Commander , American Asiatic Squadron in Hong
Kong
o Aguinaldo returns to Hong Kong
o Dewey in Manila Bay
 US Consul in Hong Kong
o Rounseville Wildman
 Aguinaldo gives 50, 000 for arms and
ammunition
 Arrives in Manila
 67, 000 more arms and ammunition
 Does not arrive in Manila
 1 May 1898
o George Dewey in Manila
o US Warships in Manila Bay
 Admiral Patricio Montojo
Anti-Spanish Sentiment in USA
 Theodore Roosevelt Sr.
o Anti-Spanish
 American Investments in Cuba
o Cuban War of Independence
 1895-1898
 15 February 1898
o USS-Maine explodes in Havana
 Spontaneous combustion in tank
o US blames Spain
 25 April 1898
o Declaration of War